Extragalactic Absorption Lines Observed from Arecibo：从阿雷西博观测银河系外的吸收线
假肠膜明串珠菌国外检测标准
假肠膜明串珠菌国外检测标准英文回答：The international standards for detecting Enterococcus faecium are important for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of test results. These standards help laboratories and researchers across different countries to compare and validate their findings. There are several key aspects to consider when it comes to the detection of Enterococcus faecium.Firstly, the sampling and collection methods play a crucial role in obtaining accurate results. The international standards provide guidelines on the appropriate techniques for collecting samples fromdifferent sources, such as food, water, or clinical specimens. For example, when testing food samples for Enterococcus faecium, the standards may recommend swabbing the surface of the food item and transferring the swab into a suitable transport medium.Secondly, the isolation and identification of Enterococcus faecium require specific laboratory procedures. The international standards outline the necessary steps and protocols for culturing and identifying the bacteria. These protocols may include using selective media, performing biochemical tests, and confirming the identificationthrough molecular techniques. Following these standardized procedures ensures that the detected Enterococcus faecium strains are accurately identified.Furthermore, the standards also address theantimicrobial susceptibility testing of Enterococcus faecium. Given the rising concern of antibiotic resistance, it is important to determine the susceptibility profile of the bacteria. The international standards provideguidelines on the appropriate methods for testing the susceptibility of Enterococcus faecium to various antibiotics. This information is crucial for guidingclinical treatment and monitoring the emergence ofresistant strains.In addition to the technical aspects, international standards also consider the reporting and interpretation of results. These standards provide guidelines on how to report the presence or absence of Enterococcus faecium, as well as any relevant quantitative data. Standardized reporting ensures that the results are consistent and can be easily compared across different laboratories and studies.中文回答：肠膜明串珠菌的国际检测标准对于确保测试结果的准确性和可靠性非常重要。
预防医学常用英文单词.doc
Aabattage 屠宰abiosis 营养性衰竭abnormal exposure 异常照射abnormal odor 异常气味abridged life table 简略寿命表abscopal effect 远隔效应absolute activity 绝对活性absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute lethal concentration 绝对致死浓度absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbed dose index 吸收剂量指数absorbed dose index rate 吸收剂量指数率absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorbed nitrogen 吸收氮absorbent 吸收剂absorber 吸收管absorption 吸收（作用）absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption of radionuclide in the body 放射性核素在体内的吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption rate 吸收率absorption spectrophotometry 吸收分光光度法abstract 摘要，概括abundance ratio 丰度比acalcicosis (acalcerosis) 缺钙症accelerated excretion of radionuclide from the body 放射性核素由体内的促排accelerator 加速器accelerator-based activation analysis 使用加速器的活化分析accelerator-type neutron generator 加速器型中子发生器acceptable dose 可接受的剂量，容许剂量acceptable concentration 容许浓度acceptable daily intake 每日容许摄入量acceptor 受体access time 存取时间accident 事故，意外事件accident condition 事故状态accidental exposure 事故照射accidental exposure 事故性接触accumulated dose 累积剂量accumulation 蓄积accuracy 准确度accurate diagnosis 确诊acentric fragment (terminal deleton) 无着丝点断片（末端缺失）acentric ring 无着丝点环acephalus 无头畸胎acetaldehyde 乙醛acetic aldehyde 乙醛acetic ester 醋酸酯acetone 丙酮acetyl Co-A乙酰辅酶-Aacetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acid fume 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acidosis 酸中毒acoustics 声学acrolein 丙烯醛acrylic acid 丙烯酸acrylonitrile 丙烯acta 学报，通报actinium emanation (actinon) 锕射气（An）actinium family 锕系actino-uranium family 锕铀系activable tracer 可活化示踪物activated carbon 活性炭activation 活化activation analysis 活化分析active zone 活性区activity 活性activity concentration 放射性浓度actual frequency 实际频数acute radium poisoning 急性镭中毒acute radiation injury 急性放射损伤acute radiation injury of skin 急性皮肤放射损伤acute radiation pneumonitis 急性放射型肺炎acute radiation sickness 急性放射病acute uranium poisoning 急性铀中毒acute intoxication 急性中毒acute pernicious beriberi 急性恶性脚气病adaptation 适应adaptive response 适应性反应addict 嗜好，吸毒成瘾addition reaction 加成反应additional chlorine 加氯量additive 添加物（剂）additive action 相加作用adenine 腺嘌呤adenosine 腺甙adenosine triphosphate, A TP 三磷酸腺苷adenovirus 腺病毒adenylatecyclase 腺甙酸环化酶adenylic acid 腺甙酸adequate nutrition 合理营养adjusted rate 调整率adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年adrenal gland 肾上腺adrenal gland imaging 肾上腺显影adrenalin 肾上腺素adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adsorption coprecipitation 吸附共沉淀adulthood 成年时期aeration process 曝气法aerobic bacteria 需氧细菌aerosol 气溶胶aerosphere 大气圈aether (ether) 乙醚aetiology (etiology) 病因学affair 事件affinity 亲和力（性）affinity chromatography 亲和层析法aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素aflatoxin poisoning 黄曲霉毒素中毒agar 琼脂age-specific probability of dying 年龄组死亡概率agency 经办，代理（处），机构age-specific death rate (ASDR) 年龄别（组）死亡率age-specific fertility rate 年龄别生育率age-specific mortality rate 年龄别死亡率air filter 空气过滤器air kerma rate constant 空气比释动能率常数air sampling 空气取样air cleaning 空气净化air conditioning 空气调节（空调）air mass 气团air quality 大气质量Air Quality Act 大气质量法（法令，法规）air sampler 大气采样器air shower 空气淋浴air-borne transmission 空气传播aircraft disease 航空病air-dry weight 风干重量alarm 警报albedo neutron dosimeter 反照率中子剂量计albumen (albumin) 白蛋白albuminuria 蛋白尿症aldehyde 醛alimentary toxicosis 食物中毒aliquot 等份试样，可分量alkali-earths elements 硷土族元素alkali-metals elements 硷金属元素alkaline phosphatase 硷性磷酸酶alkane 烷烃，链烷alkene 烯烃，链烯allele 等位基因allergen 致敏原，变态反应原allergic reaction 变态反应allergy 变态反应allowable error 允许误差allowed transition 容许跃迁alpha decay α衰变alpha disintegration α衰变alpha fetoprotein, AFP 甲胎蛋白alpha particle α粒子alpha ray α射线alpha track α径迹alternative hypothesis 备择假设Ames test 艾姆斯试验（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/哺乳动物肝微粒体试验）amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸amino acid pattern 氨基酸模式amino acid score 氨基酸评分amino-carboxyl complexing agent 氨羧络合剂aminoethylisothiourea, AET 氨基乙基异硫脲aminopherase 转氨酶ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium nitrite 亚硝酸铵anaerobe (anaerobic bacteria) 厌氧菌analysis of data 分析资料analysis of variance (ANOV A) 方差分析analysis instrumentation 仪器分析analytical chemistry of uranium 铀的分析化学anaphase 末期Anerican Board of Nuclear Medicine, ABNM 美国核医学董事会β-aminoisobutyric β氨基异丁酸aneroid (barometer) 空盆气分析aneurin 维生素B1，硫胺素aniline 苯胺animal experiment 动物实验animal foodstuff 动物性食品anion 阴离子anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂annihilation 湮没annihilation radiation 湮没辐射annotation 注解，注释annual dose 年剂量annual limit of intake, ALI 年摄入量限值anode 阳极anode stripping voltammetry 阳极溶出伏安法anoxia 缺氧症antagonism 拮抗作用antagonistic action 拮抗作用anthracene 蒽anthraco-slicosis 煤矽肺anthrax bacillus 炭疽杆菌anthrcosis 煤肺antibody 抗体antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, ADCC 抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性anticancer agent 抗癌剂anti-corrosion 防腐antidiuretic hormone, ADH 抗利尿激素antidote 解毒剂antigen 抗原antilymphocyte serum, ALS 抗淋巴细胞血清antimony 锑antineutrino 反中微子antineutron 反中子anti-pollution measure 环境污染对策antiproton 反质子antiseptic agent 防腐剂antitoxin 抗毒素aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血apparent clinical well being 假愈期apparent digestibility 表观消化率appearance 外观appetite 食欲applicator 敷贴器apurinic/apyrimidinic site 无嘌呤/无嘧啶位点aquatic organism 水生生物aquatic plant 水生植物arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸archives 档案，文献arcsine transformation 反正弦变换area monitoring （工作）场所监测area of radiation 照射面积area scanner 面（积）扫描机argon 氩ariboflavinosis 核黄素缺乏症arithmetic mean 算术平均数，均数arm counter 手腕计数器aromatic ring 芳香环aromatics 芳香族化合物arrhythmia 心律失常arsenic poisoning 砷中毒arsenide food poisoning 砷化物食物中毒artificial radioactive source 人工辐射源artificial radioactivity 人造放射性artificial radioisotope 人工放射性同位素artificial radionuclide 人造放射性核素artificial illumination (artificial lighting) 人工照明asbestos (asbestos) 石棉asbestosis 石棉沉着病，石棉肺ascariasis 蛔虫病ascending chromatography 上行层析法ascending paper chromatography 上行纸层析法ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸ascorbic acid oxidase 抗坏血酸氧化酶asepsis 无菌法，防腐asphalt 沥青，柏油assay 测定，化验，检验assessment 评价assessment of exposure 照射评价assessment of radiation protection 辐射防护评价associate 同事，伙伴assumption 假想，设想asymmetrical interchange 不对称间互换atmospheric corrosion 大气腐蚀atmospheric dilution 大气稀释atmospheric particulates 大气微粒atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric pollution index 大气污染指数atom 原子atomic bomb 原子弹Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission, ABCC 原子弹爆炸损伤调查委员会Atomic Energy Commission, AEC （美国）原子能委员会（现已取消）atomic mass number 原子质量数atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic medicine 原子医学，核医学atomic nuclear reaction 原子核反应atomic nucleus 原子核atomic reactor 原子反应堆atomic weapon 原子武器atomic absorption spectrophotometer 原子吸收分光光度计atomosphere 大气圈，大气，气氛atrophy 萎缩attenuation coefficient 减弱系数，衰减系数attenuator 衰减器attributable risk 归因危险度audiometry 听力测定auditory fatigue 听觉疲劳auger electron 俄歇电子authorized limit 管理限值autoclave 高压锅autocorralation function 自相关函数autocorrelation coefficient 自相关系数autoinfection 自身感染automat 自动装置automatic control自动控制automatic data processing system 自动处理数据系统automatic pipettor 自动移液器automatic sample changer 自动换样器automatic sampler-counter 自动取样计数器automatic scintillation scanner 自动闪烁扫描机automatic well counter 自动井型计数器autonomous thyroid nodule 自主性甲状腺结节autoradiogram, ARGM 放射自显影图autoradiograph 放射自显影autoradiographic lacalization of receptor 放射自显影受体显示术autoradiographic neuroanatomical tracing 放射自显影神经解剖示踪术autoradiography 放射自显影术autoradiolysis 放射自溶解availability 有效性，效力available chlorine 有效氯avalanche detector 雪崩检测器average 平均数average life time 平均寿命average life 平均寿命avidin 抗生素蛋白，抗生朊avitaminosis 维生素缺乏症avogadro number 阿伏伽德罗常数azimuthally-varying-field cyclotron 磁场按方位角度变的回旋加速器azo-reagent 偶氯试剂Bbaby cyclotron 小型回旋加速器bacillus-coli (colon-bacillus) 大肠杆菌back scattering 反向散射back-extract 反萃取background 本底，背景background count 本底（计数）background survey 本底调查bacteria-carrier 带菌者bacterial food poisoning 细菌性食物中毒bactericide 杀菌剂bag filter 布袋除尘器bar 巴（压强单位）bar graph 条图bariun poisoning 钡中毒barn 巴恩barometer 气压计barometric high 高气压barometric low 低气压barrieer effect 屏障作用barrier function of organism 机体屏障功能base excision repair 硷基切除修复basic limit 基本限值basic nuclear medicine 基础核医学basicity 碱性，碱度basophil granulocyte 嗜硷粒细胞batch processing 成批处理，批量处理battery 电池beam hardening（射线）束硬化现象beam therapy射束治疗becquerel, Bq贝可（勒尔）behaviour-metabolic law行径代谢规律benzahex 六六六（农药）benzene poisoning苯中毒benzene hexachloride (BHC) 六六六，六氯化苯benzene poisoning 苯中毒benzidine 联苯胺benzol 工业苯benzopyrene 苯并芘beriberi 脚气病berylliosis 铍中毒beta decayβ衰变beta disintigrationβ衰变beta particleβ粒子beta rayβ射线（粒子）beta ray applicatorβ线敷贴器beta spectrometerβ谱仪beta trackβ径迹betatron电子感应加速器between assay测定间（批间）分析between assay error测定间（批间）分析误差bias 偏性bibliography 文献目录，目录学biliary tract imaging胆道显影binding energy结合能binomial distribution 二项分布binucleate lymphocyte双核淋巴细胞bioaccumulation 生物蓄积，生物积累bioassay生物学检验，生物测定biochemical conversion 生物转化biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生物需氧量biocondensation 生物富集，生物缩合biodegradation 生物降解biodosimeter生物剂量计bioelectrical activity 生物电活动bio-enrichment 生物富集biofeed-back机体（自身）反馈，生物反馈biological half-life period 生物半衰期，生物半减期biological decay生物衰变，生物排出biological decay constant生物衰变常数biological dosimeter生物剂量指示计biological effect生物效应biological half-life生物半衰期biological macromolecule生物大分子biological oxidation生物氧化biological comcentration 生物浓缩biological methylation 生物甲基化biological monitoring 生物监测biological oxidation 生物氧化biological purification 生物净化biological specimen 生物样品biological treatment 生物处理法biological value of protein 蛋白质生物学价值biomechanics生物力学biopsy 活组织检查biosphere 生物圈biotic index 生物指数biotic pollution 生物性污染biotransformation 生物转化bio-transport 生物运转birth control rate 节育率birth rate 出生率bivariate normal distribution 双变量正态分布bleaching powder 漂白粉blind method 盲法blood reaction血液反应blood brain barrier血脑屏障blood change血液变化blood lipid血脂blood pool imaging血池显影body surface radioactivity体表放射性bolus injection弹丸注射bombardment轰击，照射bone imaging骨显象bone marrow骨髓bone marrow form of acute radiation sickness骨髓型急性放射病bone marrow imaging骨髓显象bone marrow necrosis骨髓坏死bone marrow syndrome骨髓综合症bone marrow transfusion骨髓输注bone marrow transplantation骨髓移植bone necrosis骨坏死bone scanning骨扫描bone seeking nuclide亲骨性核素bone tumor骨肿瘤bone deposition 骨中沉积boron 硼botulinum toxin 肉毒毒素botulism (bolulismus) 肉毒中毒box plot 箱式图brachytherapy近距离放射治疗brain scanning 脑扫描branching decay分支衰变branching fraction分支份额break断裂breathing zone呼吸带breathing zone sampling呼吸带取样breathing zone 呼吸带bremsstrahlung韧致辐射broad beam attenuation宽束衰减broad-beam condition宽束条件broad-beam irradiation宽束辐照bromine poisoning 溴中毒bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchitis 支气管炎buffer 缓冲剂build-up factor积累因子bullosa dermatitis水泡性皮炎bureau 局，司，处，署burn-shock combined injury烧冲复合伤burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E)暴发性红系祖细胞butadiene 丁二烯butyl alcohol 丁醇byssinosis 棉尘肺Ccadmium telleride radiaion detector碲化镉（辐射）探测器cadmium disease 镉病cadmium poisoning 镉中毒cadmium pollution 镉污染caisson disease 潜函病calcification 钙化作用，骨化作用calcium 钙calcium binding protein 钙结合蛋白calculation of dose 剂量估算calibration 刻度，标定，校准calibration curve 校准曲线calibration source 校标（用）源，刻度源calibration curve 校准曲线caloric requirement 热量需要量calorie (calory) 卡（热量单位）cancer 癌症cancer due to occupation (occupational cancer) 职业性癌症capping 帽形成capture 俘获capture gamma ray 俘获γ射线carbinol 甲醇carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖类carbohydrate metabolism 糖代谢carbolic acid (phenol) 石炭酸，苯酚carbon disulfide 二硫化碳carbon tracer 示踪碳carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon disulfide poisoning 二硫化碳中毒carbon monoxide poisoning 一氧化碳中毒carbon oxide pollution 碳氧化物污染carcinogen 致癌原，致癌物carcinogenesis 致癌作用carcinogenic dose 致癌剂量carcinogenic effect 致癌效应carcinogenic action 致癌作用carcinogenic agent 促癌因子carcinogenicity 致癌性carcinogensis 致癌作用carcinoma 癌，恶性肿瘤cardiac phase analysis 心脏相位分析法cardiac scanning 心脏扫描cardiovascular form of acute radiation sickness 心血管型急性放射病cardiovascular form of death 心血管型死亡cardiovascular nuclear medicine 心血管核医学carnitine 肉毒碱carotene (carotin) 胡萝卜素carotenoid 类胡萝卜素carrier 病原体携带者，载体case fatality rate 某病病死率case-control study 病例对照研究case-fatality 病死率case-study 个案病例调查catalase 过氧化氢酶catalysis 催化作用catalyst (catalyzer) 催化剂cataract 白内障categorical variable 分类变量category 种类，类别cathepsin 组织蛋白酶catheter semiconducter radiation detector 导管型半导体辐射探测器cathode (catelectrode) 阴极，负极cation 正离子，阳离子cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂cause eliminated life table 去死因寿命表cause specific mortality rate 病因别死亡率cause-effect relationship 因果关系cause-specific death rate 死因别死亡率ceiling value 上限值cell division 细胞分裂cell kinetics 细胞动力学cell loss factor 细胞丢失系数cell population 细胞群体cell proliferation 细胞增殖cell renewal system 细胞更新系统cellular effect 细胞效应censored value 截尾值census 普查，人口调查census statistics 静态人口统计centigrade thermometer 摄氏温度计central tendency 集中趋势central limit theorem 中心极限定理central nervous system syndrome 中枢神经系统综合征centrifugal dust remover 离心式除尘器centrifugal analysis 离心分析centrifugal machine 离心机cereals 谷类，谷类植物cerebral form acute radiation sickness 脑型急性放射病cerebral radionuclide angiography 放射性核素脑血管显象术cerebral scintigraphy 脑闪烁显像术ceric-sulphate dosimeter 硫酸铈剂量计chain reaction 链式反应chalone 抑素changes of blood and hemopoietic system 血液造血变化character 性能，特征character density 字符密度characteristic 特征，特性characteristic x-ray spectrum 标准伦琴射线光谱charcoal dextran 活性炭葡聚糖charged ionizing particle 带电电离粒子charged particle accelerator 带电粒子加速器charged particle activation analysis 带电粒子活化分析charged particle excited x-ray fluorescence analysis 带电粒子激发的X线荧光分析charged reader 充电读数装置check sample 对照样品check test 对照检验chemical 化学药品，化学制品chemical carcinogens 化学致癌剂chemical dosimeter 化学剂量计chemical food poisoning 化学性食物中毒chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemically pure 化学纯chemotherapy 化学疗法child-women ratio 儿童妇女比chimera （辐射）嵌合体chinese hamster ovary (CHO) 中国仓鼠卵巢Chinese Society of Environmental Science 中国环境科学学会Chi-square test 卡方检验，χ2检验chloride 氯化物chloride of lime 漂白粉chlorination 加氯消毒chlorine 氯chlorletnylene 氯乙烯chloroform 氯仿，三氯甲烷chloromethyl methyl ether 氯甲甲醚chlorophenotone 滴滴涕，双对氯苯基三氯乙烷cholecalciferol 维生素D3，胆钙化醇cholesterol 胆固醇cholesterol ester 胆固醇酯choline 胆碱cholinesterase 胆碱酯酶cholinesterase activity 胆碱酯酶活性chromatid 染色单体chromatid break 染色单体断裂chromatid gap 染色单体裂隙chromatid interchange 染色单体互换chromatograph 色谱仪chromatographic column 色谱吸附柱，色谱柱chromatography 色谱法，层析chromium poisoning 铬中毒chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变chromosomal abnormality 染色体异常chromosome 染色体chronic radiation dermatitis 慢性放射性皮炎chronic radiation injury 慢性放射损伤chronic radiation injury of skin 慢性皮肤放射性损伤chronic radiation pneumonitis 慢性放射性肺炎chronic radiation sickness 慢性放射病chronic effect 慢性作用chronic intoxication 慢性中毒chronic poisoning 慢性中毒chronic toxicity 慢性毒性cigarette 香烟，纸烟ciguateva toxin 雪卡毒素circle graph 圆图circular accelerator 圆形加速器circulatory disorder 循环障碍circumstance 环境，情况，细节city dweller 城市居民city planning 城市规划city sanitation 城市卫生class interval 组距class of pollution 污染等级classification 分组classification of death causes 死因分类classification of diseases 疾病分类classification of pollutant 污染物分类classified nomenclature of diseases 分类的疾病名称clean-up 去污clearance rate 清除率climate 气候clinical nuclear medic ine 临床核医学clinical trial 临床试验clostridium botulinum 肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌clothing monitor 衣服检测仪cluster sampling 整群抽样coagulant 凝聚剂coagulant sedimentation 混凝沉淀coagulation 混凝（作用）coagulation facteer 凝血因子coal pneumoconiosis 煤肺coal dust 煤尘coal-tar 煤焦油coating agent 敷贴剂coating method （放射自显影）涂膜法coaxial detectr 同轴探测器cobalt poisoning 钴中毒cobalt-60 therapeutic installation 钴60治疗机co-carcinogen 辅致癌物Cockcroft-Walton accelerator 高压倍加器，考-瓦二氏加速器co-crystallization and co-precipitation 共结晶共沉淀code 代码，密码coefficient 系数coefficient of dispersion 离散系数coefficient of kurtosis 峰度系数coefficient of skewness 偏度系数coefficient of variation 变异系数coefficient of product-moment correlation 积差相关系数coefficient of variation 变异系数coefficient of correlation 相关系数coefficient of lighting 采光系数coefficient of natural illumination 自然照度系数coenzyme A（C O A）辅酶Acofactor 辅助因素coherent interference 相干干涉cohort study 定群研究，队列研究cohort labelling 同类标记，同群标记cohort life table 定群寿命表，队列受命表cohort study 队列研究coincidence scanning 符合扫描coincidence technique 符合技术60Co irradiation facility 60Co辐照装置cold area 低活性区cold laboratory “冷”实验室，非放射性实验室cold lesion 冷区，冷病灶cold spot imaging 冷区显像cold sterilization 冷消毒，辐射消毒cold sterilization 冷灭菌colibacillus 大肠杆菌，大肠菌coliform group 大肠杆菌群coli-group bacteria 大肠菌群coli-group index 大肠菌指数coli-group test 大肠菌群检验coli-group titre（titer）大肠菌群值collection of data 搜集资料collective dose epuivalent 集体剂量当量collimate 准直collimator 准直器colloidal radio (active )gold 放射性胶体金colloidal suspension 胶体悬浮液coloboma 缺损colon bacillus 大肠杆菌colony 集落colony forming unit basophil, CFU-Ba 嗜碱性粒系祖细胞colony forming unit B-lymphocyte, CFU-BL B淋巴系祖细胞colony forming unit erythroid, CFU-E 红系祖细胞colony stimulating factor basophil, CSF-Ba 嗜碱粒系集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor eosinophil, CSF-Eo 嗜酸粒系集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor granulo-macrophage, CSF-GM 粒巨噬系集落刺激因子colony stimulating factor, CSF 集落刺激因子colony forming unit eosinophil, CFU-Eo 嗜酸性粒系祖细胞colony forming unit megakaryocyte, CFU-M 巨核系祖细胞colony forming unit granulomacrophage, CFU-GM 粒系巨噬系祖细胞colony forming unit T-lymphocyte, CFU-TL T淋巴系祖细胞colour autoradiography 彩色放射自显影术colour scanning 彩色扫描combinative table 组和表combined effect of poisons 毒物的联合作用combined-injury following burn-radio-shock 烧放冲复合伤combined-injury following radio-burn-shock 放烧冲复合伤combined-injury following nuclear explosion 核爆炸复合伤commentary 评论，注释commission （授权某人）代办，委托，委员会committed dose equivalent 待积剂量当量committee 委员会（较大团体）Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation, BEIR 电离辐射生物效应委员会committee of patriotic health movement 爱国卫生运动委员会community 社会，团体community health 公共卫生Comoton-Wu (Y ouxun) Effect 康普顿－吴有训效应compact accelerator 小型加速器compact cyclotron 小型回旋加速器compartmental analysis 区域分析compensation 代偿机能，赔偿（损失）compensation phase 代偿期competitive assay 竞争分析（法）competitive radioassay 竞争放射分析compiler 编辑者，汇编者complete life table 完全寿命表complete survey 全面调查，普查complete correlation 完全相关completely random design 完全随机设计complex compound 络合物complex reaction 复杂反应complexing agent 络合剂complication of radiation therapy 放射治疗并发症component 成分，组分compost 堆肥comprehensive pollution index 综合污染指数comunity intervention trial 社区干预试验concentration 浓度concrete equivalent 混凝土当量conditioned reflex 条件反射confidence interval 可信区间confidence limit 可信限confirmatory research 证实性研究confounding factor 混杂因素，干扰因素，混杂因子confounding bias 混杂偏倚congenital malformation 先天畸形constant voltage accelerator 恒定压型加速器constituent of causes of death 死因构成constituent ratio 构成比constriction 缢痕consumption 消费，消耗contact poison 触杀剂，接触毒contaminant（pollutant）污染物contamination monitoring 污染监测contamination（pollution）污染contingency table 列联表continuous labelling method 连续标记法continuous neutron activation analysis 连续中子活化分析contraceptive failure rate 避孕失败率contraceptive prevalence 避孕现用率contrast enhancement 对比度增强，造影增强contrast medium 造影剂control 对照物，控制control levels of surface contamination 污染表面的控制水平control group 对照组control of pest and disease 除害灭病controlled area 控制区convergent-beam therapy 汇聚束疗法converter 变换器，转换器coordination number 配位数（加合体）copper 铜copper plating 镀铜co-precipitation 共沉淀correction for continuity 连续性校正correction formula 校正公式correlation 相关关系correlation coefficient 相关系数corrosivity 腐蚀性corticosteroid 皮质类固醇corticosterone 皮质酮cortisol 皮质醇cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic ray 宇宙射线cost benefit analysis 代价利益分析cougulant aids 助凝剂council 政务会，议会，理事会，委员会Council on Environmental Quality（CEQ）环境质量委员会（美）councilor 理事，参赞，参议员，顾问cretinism 克汀病（先天性缺碘所致），亦称地方性呆小症criterion, criteria（pl）标准，准则critical dose rate 临界剂量率critical exposure pathway 关键照射途径critical group 关键人群组critical nuclide 关键核素critical organ 关键器官critical point 临界点critical tissue 关键组织critical transfer pathway 关键转移途径criticality accident 临界事故criticality alarm system 临界报警系统cross section 截面cross infection 交叉感染cross-linking 交联crude birth rate (CBR) 粗出生率crude death rate (CDR) 粗死亡率crude mortality rate 总死亡率crude petroleum 原油crude protein 粗蛋白crystal opacity 晶体混浊cummulative failure rate 累计失败率cumulation coefficient 蓄积系数cumulation of poisons 毒物蓄积cumulative dose 累积剂量cumulative probability 累计概率cure rate 治愈率curie 居里Curie M. S. 居里夫人current life table 现时寿命表curve fitting 曲线拟合cyanide elimination method 氰化物消除法cyanide poisoning 氰化物中毒cyano-ethylene 乙烯氰cyanosis 发绀cyclic AMP (cAMP) assay kit 环—磷酸腺苷测定试剂盒cyclobutane dimer 环丁烷二聚体cyclotron 回旋加速器cyclotron nuclear medicine 回旋加速器核医学cyclotron-produced 回旋加速器产物cyclotron-produced radiopharmaceutical 回旋加速器生产的放射性药物cysteine 半胱氨酸cystine 胱氨酸cystogram 膀胱X线象cytochrome C 细胞色素Ccytochrome oxidase 细胞色素氧化酶cytogenetics 细胞遗传学cytosine 胞核嘧啶cytotoxic injury 细胞毒性损害DD0 value D0值dacryoscintigraphy 泪道闪烁显像术daily average 一日平均daily dietary allowance 每日膳食供给量daily nutrient allowance 每日营养素供给量data cleaning 资料清理data accumulation 数据积累data processing 数据处理daughter 子体，子核，子系daughter nuclide 子体核素daughter product 子体产物day lighting 自然采光de facto 实际制de jure 法定制deacetylmethylcolchicing 去乙酰甲基秋水仙素dead time 死时间decalcification therpy 脱钙疗法decay 衰变，蜕变decay constant 衰变常数decay scheme 衰变图，衰变方式decibel（db）分贝decimal reduction time 递减时间decomposition 分解作用decompression sickness 减压病decontaminating agent 除沾染剂decontamination 除污染作用decontamination 去污decontamination factor 去污因子defibrination syndrome 脱纤维综合征deficiency disease （营养）缺乏病degeneration 变性degree of dispersion 分散度degree of freedom 自由度degree of relationship 相关程度degree of dispersion 离散程度，分散度degree of freedom 自由度degree of saturation 饱和度degree of variation 变异程度deionization 去离子作用，去电离delayed neutron 缓发中子delayed scan 延迟扫描delayed type hypersensitivity 迟发型超敏感性delayed neurotoxicity 迟发性神经毒性deletion 缺失demeton-methyl（metasystox）甲基内吸磷demography 人口统计density resolution 密度（浓度）分辨能力density-inhibited stationary phase cell culture 密集抑制的稳相细胞培养deoxypyrimidine nucleoside 脱氧嘧啶核苷deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase 脱氧核糖核酸聚合酶dependency ratio 抚养比dependent variable 应变量，因变量deposited fraction 沉积分数depth dose equivalent index 深部剂量当量指数deradiocontamination 消除放射性沾染derivative activation analysis 衍生物活化分析derived air concentration, DAC 推定空气浓度derived limit 推定限值descriptive statistics 统计描述desertification 沙漠化design 设计design of experiment 实验设计desmosome-like junction 胞桥小体样联合detection efficiency 探测效率detection limit 探测极限detector 探测器，探头detergent 去污剂determination 测定detoxification 解毒作用detriment 危害developer 显影剂developing agent 显影剂developmental standard 发育标准deviation from the mean 离均差dextran coated charcoal 葡聚糖包被活性炭diagnostic radiography X线诊断摄影术diagnostic radiology 诊断放射学diagnostic radiology specialist 放射诊断专业医师，放射诊断专家diasonograph 超声诊断仪dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane DDTdiet 膳食dietary survey (dietetic survey) 膳食调查dietetics 营养学，饮食学dietitian (dietician) 饮食学家，营养师difference with significance 差别有显著性diffuse distribution 弥散分布diffusion 扩散digital radiography 数控X线摄影术digital radiology 数控放射学digital scanner 数字扫描机digital scintigram 数字闪烁显像图digital subtraction angiography 减数血管造影术dilution 稀释dilution effect 稀释效应2,3-dimercaptopropanol 2，3－二巯基丙醇dimethylsulfate 硫酸二甲酯direct action 直接作用direct isotope dilution analysis 直接同位素稀释分析法，同位素正稀释法direct isotope dilution method 直接同位素稀释法，同位素正稀释法direct nuclide dilution analysis 直接核素稀释分析法，核素正稀释法direct radiation 直接辐射direct saturation analysis 直接饱和分析法direct carcinogen 直接致癌物directly ionizing particle 直接电离粒子disability 丧失功能残疾disc 圆盘，磁盘，圆盘法disc solid-phase radioimmunoassay 圆盘固相放射免疫分析法disease of natural infection focus 自然疫源性疾病disinfection of drinking water 饮水消毒disintegration 衰变disintegration constant 衰变常数disintegration curve 衰变曲线disintegration product 衰变产物disintegrations per minute 每分（钟）衰变数，衰变/分display 显示，显示器，显像disposal 处理，控制disposal of radioactive waste 放射性废物处理dissolved oxygen (DO) 溶解氧distance protection 距离防护distillate 馏出物distillation 蒸馏作用distribution 分布distribution of radionuclide within the body 放射性核素在体内的分布diuresis renogram 利尿肾图division delay 分裂延迟DNA repair DNA修复domestic sewage 生活污水，生活污物Donora smog incident 多诺拉烟雾事件dose build-up factor 剂量累积因子dose detector 剂量计dose equivalent 剂量当量dose equivalent index 剂量当量指数dose equivalent limit 剂量当量限值dose equivalent rate 剂量当量率dose equivalent commitment 剂量当量负担dose equivalent index rate 剂量当量指数率dose equivalent instrument 剂量当量仪dose limit 剂量限值dose meter 剂量计dose modifying factor 剂量修正系数dose rate 剂量率dose reduction fraction 剂量降低分数dose-effect 剂量-效应dose-effect curve 剂量-效应曲线dose-ratemeter 剂量率计，剂量率仪dose-reaction 剂量-反应dose-response 剂量-反应dose-response curve 剂量效应曲线dosimeter 剂量计double antibody radioimmunoassay 双抗体放射免疫分析法double blind test 双盲试验法double derivative isotope dilution analysis 双衍生物同位素稀释分析法double detecting scanning 双探头扫描double headed scintillation counter 双探头闪烁计数器double isotope derivative analysis 双同位素衍生物分析法double labelling 双标记double labelling tracer experiment 双标记示踪试验double nuclide (isotope) derivative analysis 双标记核素（同位素）衍生物法double strand break 双链断裂double tracer technique 双示踪法doubling dose 加倍计量doughnut sign 月晕征，轮圈征drinking water treatment 饮水处理drinking wter testing method 饮水检查法drive lead treatment 驱铅疗法drive mercury treatment 驱汞疗法dry dedusting 干式除尘dry epidermitis 干性表皮炎dual channel detection system 双道探测系统dual head scanner 双探头扫描机dual-photomultiplier scintillation counter 双光电倍增管闪烁计数器dummy source 假放射源Duncan`s new multiple range method 新复极差法，Duncan新法dust cell 尘细胞dust concentration 粉尘浓度dust dispersity 粉尘分散度dust separator 除尘器dynamic series 动态数列dynamic study 动态检查（分析）dynamics 动力学，动态dynamics of precursor-intermediate-product relationship 前身物-中间物-产物关系动力学dystrophic change 营养不良性变化dystrophy 营养不良，营养障碍Eearly nuclear radiation 早期核辐射earmuffs 耳罩，耳套earplug 耳塞echocardiogram 超声心动图echocardiography 超声心动扫描术echography 回波描记术ecological approach 生态方法ecological balance 生态平衡ecological equilibrium 生态平衡ecological system 生态系统ecology 生态学ecotoxicology 生态毒理学ectopic focus 异位（兴奋）灶edema 水肿edition 版，版本，版次editor 编者，编辑。
液相色谱词汇中英文对照
液相色谱词汇中英文对照液相色谱词汇中英文对照高效毛细管电泳high—performance capillary electrophoresis归一化法normalization method毛细管等电聚焦capillary isoelectric focusing毛细管等速电泳isotachophoresis毛细管电色谱capillary electrochromatography毛细管电泳capillary electrophoresis毛细管电泳电喷雾质谱联用capillary electrophoresis – electr芯片电泳microchip electrophoresis色谱法chromatography色谱峰chromatographic peak色谱峰区域宽度peak width色谱富集过样samt injection of chromatography色谱工作站chromatographic working station色谱图chromatogram色谱仪chromatograph色谱柱chromatographic column色谱柱column色谱柱切换技术switching column technique毛细管超临界流体色谱法capillary supercritical fluid chromat…毛细管电泳基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱离线检测off—line capillar…毛细管电泳离子分析capillary ion analysis毛细管电泳免疫分析immunity analysis of capillary electropho…毛细管胶束电动色谱micellar electrokinetic chromatography毛细管凝胶电泳capillary gel electrophoresis毛细管凝胶柱capillary gel column毛细管亲和电泳affinity capillary electrophoresis毛细管区带电泳capillary zone electrophoresis毛细管有效长度the effective length of capillary electrophor…间接检测indirect detection间接荧光检测indirect fluorescence detection间接紫外检测indirect ultraviolet detection检测器detector检测器检测限detector detectability检测器灵敏度detector sensitivity检测器线性范围detector linear range阴离子交换剂anion exchanger阴离子交换色谱法anion exchange chromatography，AEC高速逆流色谱法high speed counter—current chromatography高温凝胶色谱法high temperature gel chromatography高效液相色谱-付里叶变换红外分析法high performance liquid ch…高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效柱high performance column高压流通池技术high pressure flow cell technique高压输液泵high pressure pump高压梯度high-pressure gradient高压液相色谱法high pressure liquid chromatography阴离子交换树脂anion exchange resin荧光薄层板fluorescent thin layer plate荧光检测器fluorescence detector荧光色谱法fluorescence chromatography迎头色谱法frontal chromatography迎头色谱法frontal method硬(质）凝胶hard gel有机改进剂organic modifier有机相生物传感器Organic biosensor有效峰数effective peak number EPN有效理论塔板数number of effective theoretical plates有效塔板高度effective plate height有效淌度effective mobility淤浆填充法slurry packing method予柱pre-column在线电堆集on—line electrical stacking在柱电导率检测on-column electrical conductivity detection噪声noise噪信比noise –signal ratio增强紫外—可见吸收检测技术UV-visible absorption enhanced det…窄粒度分布narrow particle size distribution折射率检测器refractive index detector, RID真空脱气装置vacuum degasser阵列毛细管电泳capillary array electrophoresis蒸发光散射检测器evaporative light—scattering detector, ELSD整体性质检测器integral property detector正相高效液相色谱法normal phase high performance liquid chro…正相离子对色谱法normal phase ion—pair chromatography正相毛细管电色谱positive capillary electrokinetic chromatog…直接化学离子化direct chemical ionization GC—MS直接激光在柱吸收检测on-column direct laser detection纸色谱法paper chromatography置换色谱法displacement chromatography制备色谱preparative chromatography制备色谱仪preparative chromatograph制备柱preparation column智能色谱chromatography with artificial intelligence质量色谱mass chromatography质量型检测器mass detector质量型检测器mass flow rate sensitive detector中压液相色谱middle—pressure liquid chromatography重建色谱图reconstructive chromatogram重均分子量weight mean molecular weight轴向扩散longitudinal diffusion轴向吸收池absorption pool of axial direction轴向压缩柱axial compression column柱端电导率检测out-let end detection of electrical conductiv…柱负载能力column loadability柱后衍生化post-column derivatization柱老化condition （aging) of column柱流出物(column) effluent柱流失column bleeding柱内径column internal diameter柱前衍生化pro-column derivatization柱切换技术column switching technique柱清洗column cleaning柱容量column capacity柱入口压力column inlet pressure柱色谱法column chromatography柱上检测on—line detection柱渗透性column permeability柱寿命column life柱头进样column head sampling柱外效应extra-column effect柱温箱column oven柱效column efficiency柱压column pressure柱再生column regeneration柱中衍生化on-column derivatization注射泵syringe pump转化定量法trans-quantitative method紫外—可见光检测器ultraviolet visible detector，UV-Vis紫外吸收检测器ultraviolet absorption detector自动进样器automatic sampler自由溶液毛细管电泳free solution capillary electrophoresis总分离效能指标over—all resolution efficiency总交换容量total exchange capacity总渗透体积total osmotic volume纵向扩散longitudinal diffusion组合式仪器系统building block instrument最佳流速optimum flow rate最佳实际流速optimum practical flow rate最小检测量minimum detectable quantity最小检测浓度minimum detectable concentration萃取色谱法extraction chromatography脱气装置degasser外标法external standard method外梯度outside gradient网状结构reticular structure往复泵reciprocating pump往复式隔膜泵reciprocating diaphragm pump微分型检测器differential detector微孔树脂micro—reticular resin微库仑检测器micro coulometric detector微量进样针micro—syringe微量色谱法micro-chromatography微乳液电动色谱microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography微生物传感器Microbial sensor微生物显影bioautography微填充柱micro—packed column微吸附检测器micro adsorption detector微型柱micro-column涡流扩散eddy diffusion无机离子交换剂inorganic ion exchanger无胶筛分毛细管电泳non-gel capillary electrophoresis无孔单分散填料non-porous monodisperse packing无脉动色谱泵pulse—free chromatographic pump物理钝化法physical deactivation吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附剂adsorbing material吸附剂活性adsorbent activity吸附平衡常数adsorption equilibrium constant吸附溶剂强度参数adsorption solvent strength parameter吸附色谱法adsorption chromatography吸附型PLOT柱adsorption type porous—layer open tubular colum…吸附柱adsorption column吸光度比值法absorbance ratio method洗脱强度eluting power显色器color—developing sprayer限制扩散理论theory of restricted diffusion线速度linear velocity线性梯度linear gradient相比率phase ratio相对保留值relative retention value相对比移值relative Rf value相对挥发度relative volatility相对灵敏度relative sensitivity相对碳（重量)响应因子relative carbon response factor相对响应值relative response相对校正因子relative correction factor相交束激光诱导的热透镜测量heat lens detection of intersect …相似相溶原则rule of similarity响应时间response time响应值response小角激光散射光度计low-angle laser light scattering photomet…小内径毛细管柱Microbore column校正保留体积corrected retention volume校正曲线法calibration curve method校正因子correction factor旋转薄层法rotating thin layer chromatography旋转小室逆流色谱rotational little-chamber counter—current c…选择性检测器selective detector循环色谱法recycling chromatography压电晶体piezoelectric crystal压电免疫传感器Piezoelectric Immunosensor压电转换器piezoelectric transducer压力保护pressure protect压力上限pressure high limit压力梯度校正因子pressure gradient correction factor压力下限pressure low limit衍生化法derivatization method衍生化试剂derivatization reagent阳离子交换剂cation exchanger阳离子交换色谱法cation exchange chromatography，CEC氧化铝色谱法alumina chromatography样品环sample loop样品预处理sample pretreatment液-液分配色谱法liquid—liquid partition chromatography液—液色谱法liquid-liquid chromatography液滴逆流色谱drop counter-current chromatography液固色谱liquid—solid chromatography液晶固定相liquid crystal stationary phase液态离子交换剂liquid ion exchanger液相传质阻力resistance of liquid mass transfer液相色谱—傅里叶变换红外光谱联用liquid chromatography-FTIR 液相色谱-质谱分析法liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry 液相色谱-质谱仪liquid chromatography—mass spectrometer液相色谱法liquid chromatography液相载荷量liquid phase loading溶剂效率solvent efficiency溶解度参数solubility parameter溶液性能检测器solution property detector溶胀swelling溶质性质检测器solute property detector容量因子capacity factor渗透极限分子量permeation limit molecular weight生物色谱biological chromatography生物特异性柱biospecific column生物自显影法bioautography升温速率temperature rate湿法柱填充wet column packing十八烷基键合硅胶octadecyl silane石墨化碳黑graphitized carbon black示差折光检测器differential refraction detector试剂显色法reagent color—developing method手动进样器manual injector手性氨基酸衍生物GC固定相chiral amino aci d derivatives stat…手性拆分试剂chiral selectors手性固定相chiral stationary phase手性固定相拆分法chiral solid phase separation手性环糊精衍生物GC固定相chiral cyclodextrin der GC手性金属络合物GC固定相chirametal stationary phase in GC 手性流动相chiral mobile phase手性流动相拆分法chiral mobile phase separation手性色谱chiral chromatography手性试剂chiral reagent手性衍生化法chiral derivation method疏溶剂理论solvophobic theory疏溶剂色谱法solvophobic chromatography疏溶剂作用理论solvophobic interaction principle疏水作用色谱hydrophobic interaction chromatography树脂交换容量exchange capacity of resin数均分子量number mean molecular weight双保留机理dual reservation mechanism双活塞往复泵two-piston reciprocating pump双束差分检测器detector of dual—beam difference双柱色谱法dual column chromatography水凝胶hydragel水系凝胶色谱柱aqua—system gel column死区域dead zone死体积dead volume塔板理论方程plate theory equation碳分子筛carbon molecular sieve特殊选择固定液selective stationary phase梯度洗脱gradient elution梯度洗脱装置gradient elution device梯度液相色谱gradient liquid chromatography体积排斥理论size exclusion theory体积排斥色谱size exclusion chromatography体积色谱法volumetric chromatography填充柱packed column填料packing material停流进样stop-flow injection通用型检测器common detector涂层毛细管coated capillary拖尾峰tailing peak拖尾因子tailing factor流动分离理论separation by flow流动相mobile phase流动相梯度eluent gradient流体动力学进样hydrostatic pressure injection流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume流型扩散dispersion due to flow profile脉冲阻尼器pulse damper酶传感器Enzyme sensor酶联免疫传感器Enzyme linked immunosensor酶免疫分析enzyme immnunoassay内标法internal standard method内标物internal standard内梯度inside gradient逆流色谱法counter-current chromatography逆流色谱仪counter current chromatograph凝胶过滤色谱gel filtration chromatography凝胶内体积gel inner volume凝胶色谱法gel chromatography凝胶色谱仪gel chromatograph凝胶渗透色谱gel permeation chromatography凝胶外体积gel interstitial volume凝胶柱gel column浓度梯度成像检测器concentration gradient imaging detector 浓度型检测器concentration detector排斥极限分子量exclusion limit molecular weight排斥体积exclusion volume排阻薄层色谱法exclusion TLC漂移drift迁移时间migration time迁移时间窗口the window of migration time前延峰leading peak前沿色谱法frontal chromatography强碱性阴离子交换剂strong-base anion exchanger强酸性阳离子交换剂strongly acidic cation exchanger切换时间switching time去离子水deionized water全多孔硅胶macro—reticular silica gel全多孔型填料macro-reticular packing material全二维色谱Comprehensive two-dim ensional gas chromatography…全硅烷化去活complete silylanization deactivation溶剂强度solvent strength激光解吸质谱法laser desorption MS，LDMS激光色谱laser chromatography激光诱导光束干涉检测detection of laser—induced light beam I…激光诱导毛细管振动测量laser-reduced capillary vibration det…激光诱导荧光检测器laser—induced fluorescence detector记忆峰memory peak记忆效应memory effect夹层槽sandwich chamber假峰ghost peak间断洗脱色谱法interrupted-elution chromatography间接光度（检测）离子色谱法indirect photometric ion chromato…间接光度(检测）色谱法indirect photometric chromatography减压液相色谱vacuum liquid chromatography键合固定相bonded stationary phase键合型离子交换剂bonded ion exchanger焦耳热joule heating胶束薄层色谱法micellar thin layer chromatography胶束液相色谱法micellar liquid chromatography交联度crosslinking degree阶梯梯度stagewise gradient进样阀injection valve进样量sample size进样器injector聚苯乙烯PSDVB聚硅氧烷高温裂解去活high—temperature pyrolysis deactivation…聚合物基质离子交换剂polymer substrate ion exchanger绝对检测器absolute detector可见光检测器visible light detector可交换离子exchangable ion空间性谱带加宽band broadening in space空穴色谱法vacancy chromatography孔结构pore structure孔径pore diameter孔径分布pore size distribution控制单元control unit快速色谱法high-speed chromatography理论塔板高度height equivalent to a theoretical plate(HETP）理论塔板数number of theoretical plates峰面积peak area峰面积测量法measurement of peak area峰面积校正calibration of peak area峰容量peak capacity固定相stationary phase固定液stationary liquid固定液的相对极性relative polarity of stationary liquid固定液极性stationary liquid polarity固相扩散solid diffusion固相荧光免疫分析solid phase fluorescence immunoassay固有粘度intrinsic viscosity光散射检测器light scattering detector硅胶silica gel硅烷化法silanization硅烷化法silanizing硅烷化载体silanized support过压液相色谱法over pressured liquid chromatography,OPLC恒流泵constant flow pump恒温操作constant temperature method恒压泵constant pressure pump红色载体red support红外检测器infrared detector红外总吸光度重建色谱图total infrared absorbance reconstruct…化合物形成色谱compound-formation chromatography化学发光检测器chemiluminescence detector化学发光检测器Chemiluminescence detector，SCD化学键合固定相bonded stationary phase化学键合相色谱bonded phase chromatography化学色谱法chemi—chromatography环糊精电动色谱cyclodextrin electrokinetic chromatography环形展开比移值circular development Rf value环形展开法circular development缓冲溶液添加剂buffer additives辉光放电检测器glow discharge detector混合床离子交换固定相mixed—bed ion exchange stationary phase 混合床柱mixed bed column活塞泵piston pump活性activation活性硅胶activated silica gel活性氧化铝activated aluminium oxide基流background current or base current基线baseline基线宽度baseline width基质substrate materials基质隔离技术matrix isolation technique电歧视效应the effect of electrical discrimination电迁移进样electrophoretic injection电渗流electroendosmotic flow电渗流标记物electroendosmotic flow marker电渗流淌度electroendosmotic mobility电泳淌度electrophoretic mobility调整保留时间adjusted retention time调整保留体积adjusted retention volume叠加内标法added internal standard method二极管阵列检测器diode-array detector，DAD二维色谱法two—dimensional chromatography二元溶剂体系dual solvent system反冲洗back wash反吹技术back flushing technique反峰negative peak反离子counter ion反相高效液相色谱法reversed phas e high performance liquid ch…反相离子对色谱reversed phase ion pair chromatography反相离子对色谱法reversed phase ion—pair chromatography反相毛细管电色谱reverse capillary electrokinetic chromatogr…反相柱reversed phase column反应色谱reaction chromatography反圆心式展开anti-circular development反转电渗流reverse electroendosmotic flow范第姆特方程式van Deemter equation仿生传感器Biomimic electrode放射性检测器radioactivity detector放射自显影autoradiography非极性固定相non-polar stationary phase非极性键合相non-polar bonded phase非水系凝胶色谱柱non-aqua-system gel column非水相色谱nonaqueous phase chromatography非吸附性载体non—adsorptive support非线性分流non-linearity split stream非线性色谱non—linear chromatography非线性吸附等温线non—linear adsorption isotherm酚醛离子交换树脂phenolic ion exchange resin分离－反应－分离展开SRS development分离数separation number分离因子separation factor分离柱separation column分配等温线distribution isotherm分配色谱partition chromatography分配系数partition coefficient分析型色谱仪analytical type chromatograph分子扩散molecular diffusion封尾endcapping峰高peak heightpH梯度动态分离dynamic separation of the pH gradient pH值梯度洗脱pH gradient elutionZata电势Zata potentialZ形池Z-form pool氨基键合相amino—bonded phase氨基酸分析仪amino acid analyzer安培检测器ampere detector白色载体white support半微柱semimicro—column半制备柱semi-preparation column包覆型离子交换剂coated ion exchanger包覆型填料coated packing material保护柱guard column保留间隙retention gap保留时间retention time保留体积retention volume保留温度retention temperature保留值定性法retention qualitative method保留值沸点规律boiling point rule of retention保留值碳数规律carbon number rule of retention保留指数retention index保留指数定性法retention index qualitative method背景电导background conductance苯酚磺酸树脂phenol sulfonic acid resin苯乙烯styrene比保留体积specific retention volume比例阀proportional valve比渗透率specific permeability比移值Rf value便携式色谱仪portable chromatograph标准偏差standard deviation表观电泳淌度apparent electrophoretic mobility表观交换容量apparent exchange capacity表面电位检测器surface potential detector表面多孔硅胶superficially porous silica gel表面多孔填料superficially porous packing material表面多孔型离子交换剂superficially porous ion-exchanger玻璃球载体glass beads support不分流进样splitless sampling参比柱reference column场放大进样electrical field magnified injection场流分离field—flow fractionation场流分离仪field—flow fractionation场效应生物传感器Field effect transistor based Biosensor常压液相色谱法common-pressure liquid chromatography超声波脱气ultrasonic degas程序变流色谱法programmed flow (gas）chromatography程序升温进样programmed temperature sampling程序升温色谱法programmed temperature (gas）chromatography 程序升温蒸发器programmed temperature vaporizer ，PTV程序升压programmed pressure大孔树脂macro-reticular resin大孔填料macro—reticular packing material大内径毛细管柱Megaobore column单活塞往复泵single piston reciprocating pump单相色谱仪single phase chromatograph单向阀one—way valve单柱离子色谱法single column ion chromatography等度洗脱isocratic elution等离子体色谱法plasma chromatography等途电泳-毛细管区带电泳耦合进样isotachophoresis injection—c…低负荷柱low load column低容量柱low capacity column低压梯度low—pressure gradient低压液相色谱low—pressure liquid chromatography电导池conductance cell电导检测法conductance detection电荷转移分光光度法charge transfer spectrophotometry电化学检测器electrochemical detector电解抑制器electrolyze suppressor。
SPSS词汇中英文对照
SPSS词汇(中英文对照) Absolute deviation, 绝对离差Absolute number, 绝对数Absolute residuals, 绝对残差Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度Acceleration vector, 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设Accumulation, 累积Accuracy, 准确度Actual frequency, 实际频数Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量Addition, 相加Addition theorem, 加法定理Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 调整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error, 容许误差Aggregation, 聚集性Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设Among groups, 组间Amounts, 总量Analysis of correlation, 相关分析Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析Analysis of regression, 回归分析Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析Analysis of variance, 方差分析Angular transformation, 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型Arcing, 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换Area under the curve, 曲线面积AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit, 拟合的评估Associative laws, 结合律Asymmetric distribution, 非对称分布Asymptotic bias, 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency, 渐近效率Asymptotic variance, 渐近方差Attributable risk, 归因危险度Attribute data, 属性资料Attribution, 属性Autocorrelation, 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals, 残差的自相关Average, 平均数Average confidence interval length, 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate, 平均增长率Bar chart, 条形图Bar graph, 条形图Base period, 基期Bayes' theorem , Bayes定理Bell-shaped curve, 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution, 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator, 最好切尾估计量Bias, 偏性Binary logistic regression, 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution, 二项分布Bisquare, 双平方Bivariate Correlate, 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution, 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population, 双变量正态总体Biweight interval, 双权区间Biweight M-estimator, 双权M估计量Block, 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs), BMDP统计软件包Boxplots, 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound, 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation, 典型相关Caption, 纵标目Case-control study, 病例对照研究Categorical variable, 分类变量Catenary, 悬链线Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship, 因果关系Cell, 单元Censoring, 终检Center of symmetry, 对称中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定标Central tendency, 集中趋势Central value, 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector, 卡方自动交互检测Chance, 机遇Chance error, 随机误差Chance variable, 随机变量Characteristic equation, 特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector, 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit, 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces, 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test, 卡方检验/χ2检验Choleskey decomposition, 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart, 圆图Class interval, 组距Class mid-value, 组中值Class upper limit, 组上限Classified variable, 分类变量Cluster analysis, 聚类分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽样Code, 代码Coded data, 编码数据Coding, 编码Coefficient of contingency, 列联系数Coefficient of determination, 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation, 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation, 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation, 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation, 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression, 回归系数Coefficient of skewness, 偏度系数Coefficient of variation, 变异系数Cohort study, 队列研究Column, 列Column effect, 列效应Column factor, 列因素Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 组合表Common factor, 共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回归系数Common value, 共同值Common variance, 公共方差Common variation, 公共变异Communality variance, 共性方差Comparability, 可比性Comparison of bathes, 批比较Comparison value, 比较值Compartment model, 分部模型Compassion, 伸缩Complement of an event, 补事件Complete association, 完全正相关Complete dissociation, 完全不相关Complete statistics, 完备统计量Completely randomized design, 完全随机化设计Composite event, 联合事件Composite events, 复合事件Concavity, 凹性Conditional expectation, 条件期望Conditional likelihood, 条件似然Conditional probability, 条件概率Conditionally linear, 依条件线性Confidence interval, 置信区间Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit, 置信下限Confidence upper limit, 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis , 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research, 证实性实验研究Confounding factor, 混杂因素Conjoint, 联合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check, 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate, 相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate, 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression, 受约束非线性回归Constraint, 约束Contaminated distribution, 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian, 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution, 污染正态分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table, 列联表Contour, 边界线Contribution rate, 贡献率Control, 对照Controlled experiments, 对照实验Conventional depth, 常规深度Convolution, 卷积Corrected factor, 校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient, 校正系数Correctness, 正确性Correlation coefficient, 相关系数Correlation index, 相关指数Correspondence, 对应Counting, 计数Counts, 计数/频数Covariance, 协方差Covariant, 共变Cox Regression, Cox回归Criteria for fitting, 拟合准则Criteria of least squares, 最小二乘准则Critical ratio, 临界比Critical region, 拒绝域Critical value, 临界值Cross-over design, 交叉设计Cross-section analysis, 横断面分析Cross-section survey, 横断面调查Crosstabs , 交叉表Cross-tabulation table, 复合表Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function, 分布函数Cumulative probability, 累计概率Curvature, 曲率/弯曲Curvature, 曲率Curve fit , 曲线拟和Curve fitting, 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression, 曲线回归Curvilinear relation, 曲线关系Cut-and-try method, 尝试法Cycle, 周期Cyclist, 周期性D test, D检验Data acquisition, 资料收集Data bank, 数据库Data capacity, 数据容量Data deficiencies, 数据缺乏Data handling, 数据处理Data manipulation, 数据处理Data processing, 数据处理Data reduction, 数据缩减Data set, 数据集Data sources, 数据来源Data transformation, 数据变换Data validity, 数据有效性Data-in, 数据输入Data-out, 数据输出Dead time, 停滞期Degree of freedom, 自由度Degree of precision, 精密度Degree of reliability, 可靠性程度Degression, 递减Density function, 密度函数Density of data points, 数据点的密度Dependent variable, 应变量/依变量/因变量Dependent variable, 因变量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods, 无导数方法Design, 设计Determinacy, 确定性Determinant, 行列式Determinant, 决定因素Deviation, 离差Deviation from average, 离均差Diagnostic plot, 诊断图Dichotomous variable, 二分变量Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization, 直接标准化法Discrete variable, 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT, 判断Discriminant analysis, 判别分析Discriminant coefficient, 判别系数Discriminant function, 判别值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers, 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free, 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape, 分布形状Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 随机扰动项Dose response curve, 剂量反应曲线Double blind method, 双盲法Double blind trial, 双盲试验Double exponential distribution, 双指数分布Double logarithmic, 双对数Downward rank, 降秩Dual-space plot, 对偶空间图DUD, 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method, 新复极差法/Duncan新法Effect, 实验效应Eigenvalue, 特征值Eigenvector, 特征向量Ellipse, 椭圆Empirical distribution, 经验分布Empirical probability, 经验概率单位Enumeration data, 计数资料Equal sun-class number, 相等次级组含量Equally likely, 等可能Equivariance, 同变性Error, 误差/错误Error of estimate, 估计误差Error type I, 第一类错误Error type II, 第二类错误Estimand, 被估量Estimated error mean squares, 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares, 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance, 欧式距离Event, 事件Event, 事件Exceptional data point, 异常数据点Expectation plane, 期望平面Expectation surface, 期望曲面Expected values, 期望值Experiment, 实验Experimental sampling, 试验抽样Experimental unit, 试验单位Explanatory variable, 说明变量Exploratory data analysis, 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize, 探索-摘要Exponential curve, 指数曲线Exponential growth, 指数式增长EXSMOOTH, 指数平滑方法Extended fit, 扩充拟合Extra parameter, 附加参数Extrapolation, 外推法Extreme observation, 末端观测值Extremes, 极端值/极值F distribution, F分布F test, F检验Factor, 因素/因子Factor analysis, 因子分析Factor Analysis, 因子分析Factor score, 因子得分Factorial, 阶乘Factorial design, 析因试验设计False negative, 假阴性False negative error, 假阴性错误Family of distributions, 分布族Family of estimators, 估计量族Fanning, 扇面Fatality rate, 病死率Field investigation, 现场调查Field survey, 现场调查Finite population, 有限总体Finite-sample, 有限样本First derivative, 一阶导数First principal component, 第一主成分First quartile, 第一四分位数Fisher information, 费雪信息量Fitted value, 拟合值Fitting a curve, 曲线拟合Fixed base, 定基Fluctuation, 随机起伏Forecast, 预测Four fold table, 四格表Fourth, 四分点Fraction blow, 左侧比率Fractional error, 相对误差Frequency, 频率Frequency polygon, 频数多边图Frontier point, 界限点Function relationship, 泛函关系Gamma distribution, 伽玛分布Gauss increment, 高斯增量Gaussian distribution, 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment, 高斯-牛顿增量General census, 全面普查GENLOG (Generalized liner models), 广义线性模型Geometric mean, 几何平均数Gini's mean difference, 基尼均差GLM (General liner models), 一般线性模型Goodness of fit, 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant, 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square, 希腊拉丁方Grand mean, 总均值Gross errors, 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity, 大错敏感度Group averages, 分组平均Grouped data, 分组资料Guessed mean, 假定平均数Half-life, 半衰期Hampel M-estimators, 汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance, 偶然事件Harmonic mean, 调和均数Hazard function, 风险均数Hazard rate, 风险率Heading, 标目Heavy-tailed distribution, 重尾分布Hessian array, 海森立体阵Heterogeneity, 不同质Heterogeneity of variance, 方差不齐Hierarchical classification, 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method, 系统聚类法High-leverage point, 高杠杆率点HILOGLINEAR, 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge, 折叶点Histogram, 直方图Historical cohort study, 历史性队列研究Holes, 空洞HOMALS, 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance, 方差齐性Homogeneity test, 齐性检验Huber M-estimators, 休伯M估计量Hyperbola, 双曲线Hypothesis testing, 假设检验Hypothetical universe, 假设总体Impossible event, 不可能事件Independence, 独立性Independent variable, 自变量Index, 指标/指数Indirect standardization, 间接标准化法Individual, 个体Inference band, 推断带Infinite population, 无限总体Infinitely great, 无穷大Infinitely small, 无穷小Influence curve, 影响曲线Information capacity, 信息容量Initial condition, 初始条件Initial estimate, 初始估计值Initial level, 最初水平Interaction, 交互作用Interaction terms, 交互作用项Intercept, 截距Interpolation, 内插法Interquartile range, 四分位距Interval estimation, 区间估计Intervals of equal probability, 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature, 固有曲率Invariance, 不变性Inverse matrix, 逆矩阵Inverse probability, 逆概率Inverse sine transformation, 反正弦变换Iteration, 迭代Jacobian determinant, 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function, 分布函数Joint probability, 联合概率Joint probability distribution, 联合概率分布K means method, 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier, 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart, Kaplan-Merier图Kendall's rank correlation, Kendall等级相关Kinetic, 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test, 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test, Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis, 峰度Lack of fit, 失拟Ladder of powers, 幂阶梯Lag, 滞后Large sample, 大样本Large sample test, 大样本检验Latin square, 拉丁方Latin square design, 拉丁方设计Leakage, 泄漏Least favorable configuration, 最不利构形Least favorable distribution, 最不利分布Least significant difference, 最小显著差法Least square method, 最小二乘法Least-absolute-residuals estimates, 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit, 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line, 最小绝对残差线Legend, 图例L-estimator, L估计量L-estimator of location, 位置L估计量L-estimator of scale, 尺度L估计量Level, 水平Life expectance, 预期期望寿命Life table, 寿命表Life table method, 生命表法Light-tailed distribution, 轻尾分布Likelihood function, 似然函数Likelihood ratio, 似然比line graph, 线图Linear correlation, 直线相关Linear equation, 线性方程Linear programming, 线性规划Linear regression, 直线回归Linear Regression, 线性回归Linear trend, 线性趋势Loading, 载荷Location and scale equivariance, 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance, 位置同变性Location invariance, 位置不变性Location scale family, 位置尺度族Log rank test, 时序检验Logarithmic curve, 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution, 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale, 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation, 对数变换Logic check, 逻辑检查Logistic distribution, 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation, Logit转换LOGLINEAR, 多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution, 对数正态分布Lost function, 损失函数Low correlation, 低度相关Lower limit, 下限Lowest-attained variance, 最小可达方差LSD, 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable, 潜在变量Main effect, 主效应Major heading, 主辞标目Marginal density function, 边缘密度函数Marginal probability, 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution, 边缘概率分布Matched data, 配对资料Matched distribution, 匹配过分布Matching of distribution, 分布的匹配Matching of transformation, 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation, 数学期望Mathematical model, 数学模型Maximum L-estimator, 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method, 最大似然法Mean, 均数Mean squares between groups, 组间均方Mean squares within group, 组内均方Means (Compare means), 均值-均值比较Median, 中位数Median effective dose, 半数效量Median lethal dose, 半数致死量Median polish, 中位数平滑Median test, 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic, 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation, 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose, 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose, 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator, 最小方差估计量MINITAB, 统计软件包Minor heading, 宾词标目Missing data, 缺失值Model specification, 模型的确定Modeling Statistics , 模型统计Models for outliers, 离群值模型Modifying the model, 模型的修正Modulus of continuity, 连续性模Morbidity, 发病率Most favorable configuration, 最有利构形Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL), 多维尺度/多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression , 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison, 多重比较Multiple correlation , 复相关Multiple covariance, 多元协方差Multiple linear regression, 多元线性回归Multiple response , 多重选项Multiple solutions, 多解Multiplication theorem, 乘法定理Multiresponse, 多元响应Multi-stage sampling, 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution, 多元T分布Mutual exclusive, 互不相容Mutual independence, 互相独立Natural boundary, 自然边界Natural dead, 自然死亡Natural zero, 自然零Negative correlation, 负相关Negative linear correlation, 负线性相关Negatively skewed, 负偏Newman-Keuls method, q检验NK method, q检验No statistical significance, 无统计意义Nominal variable, 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability, 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression, 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics, 非参数统计Nonparametric test, 非参数检验Nonparametric tests, 非参数检验Normal deviate, 正态离差Normal distribution, 正态分布Normal equation, 正规方程组Normal ranges, 正常范围Normal value, 正常值Nuisance parameter, 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis, 无效假设Numerical variable, 数值变量Objective function, 目标函数Observation unit, 观察单位Observed value, 观察值One sided test, 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance, 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA , 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial, 开放型序贯设计Optrim, 优切尾Optrim efficiency, 优切尾效率Order statistics, 顺序统计量Ordered categories, 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression , 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable, 有序变量Orthogonal basis, 正交基Orthogonal design, 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions, 正交条件ORTHOPLAN, 正交设计Outlier cutoffs, 离群值截断点Outliers, 极端值OVERALS , 多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot, 迭代过度Paired design, 配对设计Paired sample, 配对样本Pairwise slopes, 成对斜率Parabola, 抛物线Parallel tests, 平行试验Parameter, 参数Parametric statistics, 参数统计Parametric test, 参数检验Partial correlation, 偏相关Partial regression, 偏回归Partial sorting, 偏排序Partials residuals, 偏残差Pattern, 模式Pearson curves, 皮尔逊曲线Peeling, 退层Percent bar graph, 百分条形图Percentage, 百分比Percentile, 百分位数Percentile curves, 百分位曲线Periodicity, 周期性Permutation, 排列P-estimator, P估计量Pie graph, 饼图Pitman estimator, 皮特曼估计量Pivot, 枢轴量Planar, 平坦Planar assumption, 平面的假设PLANCARDS, 生成试验的计划卡Point estimation, 点估计Poisson distribution, 泊松分布Polishing, 平滑Polled standard deviation, 合并标准差Polled variance, 合并方差Polygon, 多边图Polynomial, 多项式Polynomial curve, 多项式曲线Population, 总体Population attributable risk, 人群归因危险度Positive correlation, 正相关Positively skewed, 正偏Posterior distribution, 后验分布Power of a test, 检验效能Precision, 精密度Predicted value, 预测值Preliminary analysis, 预备性分析Principal component analysis, 主成分分析Prior distribution, 先验分布Prior probability, 先验概率Probabilistic model, 概率模型probability, 概率Probability density, 概率密度Product moment, 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace, 截面迹图Proportion, 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling, 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate, 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers, 成比例次级组含量Prospective study, 前瞻性调查Proximities, 亲近性Pseudo F test, 近似F检验Pseudo model, 近似模型Pseudosigma, 伪标准差Purposive sampling, 有目的抽样QR decomposition, QR分解Quadratic approximation, 二次近似Qualitative classification, 属性分类Qualitative method, 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot, 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q图Quantitative analysis, 定量分析Quartile, 四分位数Quick Cluster, 快速聚类Radix sort, 基数排序Random allocation, 随机化分组Random blocks design, 随机区组设计Random event, 随机事件Randomization, 随机化Range, 极差/全距Rank correlation, 等级相关Rank sum test, 秩和检验Rank test, 秩检验Ranked data, 等级资料Rate, 比率Ratio, 比例Raw data, 原始资料Raw residual, 原始残差Rayleigh's test, 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z, 雷氏Z值Reciprocal, 倒数Reciprocal transformation, 倒数变换Recording, 记录Redescending estimators, 回降估计量Reducing dimensions, 降维Re-expression, 重新表达Reference set, 标准组Region of acceptance, 接受域Regression coefficient, 回归系数Regression sum of square, 回归平方和Rejection point, 拒绝点Relative dispersion, 相对离散度Relative number, 相对数Reliability, 可靠性Reparametrization, 重新设置参数Replication, 重复Report Summaries, 报告摘要Residual sum of square, 剩余平方和Resistance, 耐抗性Resistant line, 耐抗线Resistant technique, 耐抗技术R-estimator of location, 位置R估计量R-estimator of scale, 尺度R估计量Retrospective study, 回顾性调查Ridge trace, 岭迹Ridit analysis, Ridit分析Rotation, 旋转Rounding, 舍入Row, 行Row effects, 行效应Row factor, 行因素RXC table, RXC表Sample, 样本Sample regression coefficient, 样本回归系数Sample size, 样本量Sample standard deviation, 样本标准差Sampling error, 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ), SAS统计软件包Scale, 尺度/量表Scatter diagram, 散点图Schematic plot, 示意图/简图Score test, 计分检验Screening, 筛检SEASON, 季节分析Second derivative, 二阶导数Second principal component, 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling), 结构化方程模型Semi-logarithmic graph, 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper, 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve, 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis, 贯序分析Sequential data set, 顺序数据集Sequential design, 贯序设计Sequential method, 贯序法Sequential test, 贯序检验法Serial tests, 系列试验Short-cut method, 简捷法Sigmoid curve, S形曲线Sign function, 正负号函数Sign test, 符号检验Signed rank, 符号秩Significance test, 显著性检验Significant figure, 有效数字Simple cluster sampling, 简单整群抽样Simple correlation, 简单相关Simple random sampling, 简单随机抽样Simple regression, 简单回归simple table, 简单表Sine estimator, 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate, 单值估计Singular matrix, 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution, 偏斜分布Skewness, 偏度Slash distribution, 斜线分布Slope, 斜率Smirnov test, 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation, 变异来源Spearman rank correlation, 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor, 特殊因子Specific factor variance, 特殊因子方差Spectra , 频谱Spherical distribution, 球型正态分布Spread, 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science), SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation, 假性相关Square root transformation, 平方根变换Stabilizing variance, 稳定方差Standard deviation, 标准差Standard error, 标准误Standard error of difference, 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate, 标准估计误差Standard error of rate, 率的标准误Standard normal distribution, 标准正态分布Standardization, 标准化Starting value, 起始值Statistic, 统计量Statistical control, 统计控制Statistical graph, 统计图Statistical inference, 统计推断Statistical table, 统计表Steepest descent, 最速下降法Stem and leaf display, 茎叶图Step factor, 步长因子Stepwise regression, 逐步回归Storage, 存Strata, 层（复数）Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Strength, 强度Stringency, 严密性Structural relationship, 结构关系Studentized residual, 学生化残差/t化残差Sub-class numbers, 次级组含量Subdividing, 分割Sufficient statistic, 充分统计量Sum of products, 积和Sum of squares, 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression, 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups, 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression, 偏回归平方和Sure event, 必然事件Survey, 调查Survival, 生存分析Survival rate, 生存率Suspended root gram, 悬吊根图Symmetry, 对称Systematic error, 系统误差Systematic sampling, 系统抽样Tags, 标签Tail area, 尾部面积Tail length, 尾长Tail weight, 尾重Tangent line, 切线Target distribution, 目标分布Taylor series, 泰勒级数Tendency of dispersion, 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses, 假设检验Theoretical frequency, 理论频数Time series, 时间序列Tolerance interval, 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit, 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit, 容忍上限Torsion, 扰率Total sum of square, 总平方和Total variation, 总变异Transformation, 转换Treatment, 处理Trend, 趋势Trend of percentage, 百分比趋势Trial, 试验Trial and error method, 试错法Tuning constant, 细调常数Two sided test, 双向检验Two-stage least squares, 二阶最小平方Two-stage sampling, 二阶段抽样Two-tailed test, 双侧检验Two-way analysis of variance, 双因素方差分析Two-way table, 双向表Type I error, 一类错误/α错误Type II error, 二类错误/β错误UMVU, 方差一致最小无偏估计简称Unbiased estimate, 无偏估计Unconstrained nonlinear regression , 无约束非线性回归Unequal subclass number, 不等次级组含量Ungrouped data, 不分组资料Uniform coordinate, 均匀坐标Uniform distribution, 均匀分布Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimate, 方差一致最小无偏估计Unit, 单元Unordered categories, 无序分类Upper limit, 上限Upward rank, 升秩Vague concept, 模糊概念Validity, 有效性VARCOMP (Variance component estimation), 方差元素估计Variability, 变异性Variable, 变量Variance, 方差Variation, 变异Varimax orthogonal rotation, 方差最大正交旋转Volume of distribution, 容积W test, W检验Weibull distribution, 威布尔分布Weight, 权数Weighted Chi-square test, 加权卡方检验/Cochran检验Weighted linear regression method, 加权直线回归Weighted mean, 加权平均数Weighted mean square, 加权平均方差Weighted sum of square, 加权平方和Weighting coefficient, 权重系数Weighting method, 加权法W-estimation, W估计量W-estimation of location, 位置W估计量Width, 宽度Wilcoxon paired test, 威斯康星配对法/配对符号秩和检验Wild point, 野点/狂点Wild value, 野值/狂值Winsorized mean, 缩尾均值Withdraw, 失访Youden's index, 尤登指数Z test, Z检验Zero correlation, 零相关Z-transformation, Z变换。
化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译a-c
化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译a-c 化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译a-c18 electron rule?18 电子则abbe refractometer?阿贝折射计abbreviated analysis?简略分析abderhalden's dryer?阿布德尔哈尔登干燥器abderhalden's reaction?阿布德尔哈尔登反应abegg's rule?阿贝格规则abel closed tester?阿贝尔氏密闭实验机abel pensky tester?阿贝尔彭斯基试验器abel tester?阿贝尔试验器abelite?阿贝立特aberration?像差abies oil?松节油abietate?松香酯abietic acid?松香酸abietin?松香素abiochemistry?无生化学;无机化学ablation?消融ablution?洗净abnormal setting?反常凝结abnormality?反常abradant?磨料abrader?磨损试验机abrasion?磨耗abrasion loss?磨损量abrasion resistance?耐磨能力abrasion test?磨耗试验abrasion testing machine?磨损试验机abrasive?磨料abrasive grain?磨料颗粒abrasive industry?磨料工业abrasive paper?砂纸abrasiveness?磨损性abrasives?研磨剂abs resin?abs 尸abs resins?abs尸abscisic acid?阿伯喂酸absinthe oil?洋艾油absolute activity?绝对活性度absolute alcohol?无水酒精absolute calibration?绝对校准absolute configuration?绝对构型absolute dry condition?绝对干燥状态absolute dry weight?绝对干重absolute error?绝对误差absolute humidity?绝对湿度absolute measurement?绝对测量absolute reaction rate?绝对反应速度absolute sensitivity?绝对灵敏度absolute specific gravity?真比重absolute temperature?绝对温度absolute unit?绝对单位absolute value?绝对值absolute viscosity?绝对粘度absolute zero?绝对零度absorbability?吸收性absorbance?吸光度absorbed dose?吸收线量absorbent?吸收剂absorbent paper?吸收纸absorber?吸收器吸收体absorbing power?吸收能力absorptiometer?吸光测定计absorptiometric analysis?吸光分析absorptiometry?吸收分光光度法absorption?吸收absorption band?吸收带absorption cell?吸收池absorption coefficient?吸收系数absorption column?吸收塔absorption curve?吸收曲线absorption edge?吸收端absorption factor?吸收因子absorption heat?吸收热absorption intensity?吸收强度absorption line?吸收线absorption maximum?最大吸收absorption method?吸收法absorption oil?吸收油absorption pipet?吸收管absorption refrigerator?吸收式冷冻器absorption spectrophotometry?吸收分光光度法absorption spectrum?吸收光谱absorption tower?吸收塔absorption tube?吸收管absorptive power?吸收能力absorptivity?吸收率abukumalite?钇硅磷灰石abysmal deposit?深海沉积物abyssal deposit?深海沉积物ac polarography?交莲谱法acacia?阿拉伯屎acaricide?杀螨剂acaroid resin?禾木尸accelerant?促进剂accelerated aging?加速老化accelerated aging test?加速老化试验accelerated weathering test?加速风化试验accelerating agent?促进剂acceleration globulin?促凝血球蛋白acceleration of gravity?重力加速度accelerator?促进剂acceptor?接受体accessory constituent?副成分accetyl value number?乙酰值accidental error?偶然误差acclimatization?驯化accommodation?适应accommodation coeffieient?适应系数accumulator?蓄电池accumulator acid?蓄电池酸液accuracy?准确度acenaphthene?威杀灵acenaphthene quinone?苊醌acenaphthenone?二氢苊酮acenaphthylene?萘嵌戊烯acenocoumarol?苊香豆醇acephate?乙酰甲胺磷acetal?乙缩醛acetal phosphatide?缩醛磷脂acetal resin?缩醛尸acetaldehydase?乙醛酶acetaldehyde?乙醛acetaldehyde ammonia?乙醛合氨acetaldehyde reductase?醇脱氢酶acetaldol?3 羟基丁醛acetaldoxime?乙醛肟acetamide?乙酰胺acetamidine?乙脒acetanilide?乙酰苯胺acetarsol?乙酰胂胺acetate?醋酸盐acetate dye?醋酸染料acetate fiber?醋酸纤维acetate film?醋酸纤维胶片acetate rayon?醋酸丝acetazolamide?乙酰唑胺acetic acid?醋酸acetic acid fermentation?乙酸发酵acetic acid glacial?冰醋酸acetic aldehyde?乙醛acetic anhydride?醋酐acetic bacteria?醋酸菌acetic ester?醋酸酯acetification?醋化酌acetimeter?醋酸计acetine?醋精acetoacetanilide?乙酰乙酰替苯胺acetoacetate?乙酰醋酸盐acetoacetic acid?乙酰醋酸acetoin?醋偶姻acetol?丙酮醇acetolactic acid?乙酰乳酸acetolysis?乙酸水解acetomeroctol?醋汞辛酚acetometry?醋酸测定法acetone?丙酮acetone alcohol?丙酮醇acetone body?酮体acetone butanol fermentation?丙酮丁醇发酵acetone chloroform?三氯叔丁醇acetone cyanhydrin?丙酮合氰化氢acetone dicarboxylic acid?丙酮二羧酸acetone fermentation?丙酮发酵acetone sugar?丙酮糖acetonic acid?醋酮酸acetonitrile?乙腈acetonyl acetone?丙酮基丙酮acetophenetidin?n 乙酰乙氧基苯胺acetophenone?苯乙酮acetopurpurin?乙酰替红紫acetoxime?丙酮肟acetoxyl group?乙酰氧基acetoxylation?乙酸化aceturic acid?乙酰甘氨酸acetyl bromide?乙酰溴acetyl chloride?乙酰氯acetyl hydroperoxide?过乙酸acetyl iodide?碘化乙酰acetyl ketene?二酮acetyl peroxide?过氧化乙酰acetyl propionyl?乙酰丙酰acetyl value?乙酰值acetylacetone?乙酰丙酮acetylase?乙酰酯酶acetylating agent?乙酰剂acetylation?乙酰化acetylbenzoyl peroxide?乙酰过氧化苯甲酰acetylcellulose?乙酰纤维素acetylcholine?乙酰胆碱acetylene?乙炔acetylene black?乙炔炭黑acetylene burner?乙炔燃烧器acetylene chemistry?乙炔化学acetylene chloride?乙炔基氯acetylene complex?乙炔络合物acetylene generator?乙炔发生器acetylene linkage?炔键acetylene polymer?乙炔聚合物acetylene tetrachloride?四氯乙炔acetylene welding?气焊acetylenic hydrocarbon?乙炔属烃类acetylide?乙炔化合物acetylisoeugenol?乙酰异丁子香酚acetylphenylhydrazine?乙酰苯肼acetylsalicylic acid?乙酰水杨酸acetylurea?乙酰脲achirality?非手胀achroite?无色电气石achromatic lens?消色差透镜aci form?针形acicular crystal?针状结晶acid?酸acid acceptor?受酸体acid albumin?酸蛋白acid alizarine?酸性茜素acid amide?酸胺acid ammonium sulfate?硫酸氢铵acid ammonium tartrate?酒石酸氢铵acid anhydride?酸酐acid azid?酰基叠acid azo dye?酸性偶氮染料acid base catalysis?酸碱催化acid base equilibrium?酸碱平衡acid base indicator?酸碱指示剂acid base pair?酸碱对acid base titration?酸碱滴定acid bath?酸浴acid black?酸性黑acid carbonate?酸性碳酸盐acid catalyst?酸催化剂acid chloride?酸性氯化物acid content?含酸量acid converter?酸性转炉acid decomposition?酸分解acid dye?酸性染料acid egg?酸蛋acid elevator?酸蛋acid error?酸误差acid fermentation?酸发酵acid fixing bath?酸性定像浴acid former?成酸物质acid fuchsin?酸性品红acid green?酸性绿acid group?酸根acid halide?酸性卤化物acid hydrolysis?加酸水解酌;酸解acid iodide?酰基碘acid mordant dye?酸性媒染料acid number?酸值acid of lemon?柠檬酸acid pickle?废酸液acid pickling?酸浸acid potassium carbonate?酸式碳酸钾acid potassium sulfate?硫酸氢钾acid precipitation?酸雨acid proof alloy?耐酸合金acid proof brick?耐酸砖acid proof enamel?防酸搪瓷acid proof paint?耐酸涂料acid proof pump?耐酸泵acid radical?酸基acid reaction?酸性反应acid recovery plant?废酸回收设备acid refractory?酸性耐火材料acid resistance?耐酸性acid salt?酸性盐acid sludge?废酸acid sodium carbonate?酸式碳酸钠acid solution?酸溶液acid strength?酸强度acid sulfate?硫酸氢盐acid treatment?酸处理acid value?酸值acidic oil resin?酸性油尸acidic oxide?酸性氧化物acidic reaction?酸性反应acidic titrant?酸性滴定剂acidification?酸化acidimeter?酸比重计acidimetry?酸量滴定acidity?酸度acidity function?酸度函数acidolysis?酸解acidometer?酸度计acidometry?酸度测定法acidosis?酸中毒acmite?锥辉石aconic acid?乌头酸aconitase?乌头酸酶aconitic acid?乌头酸aconitine?乌头碱acoustical material?音响材料acoustochemical?声化学的acoustochemistry?声化学acrasin?聚集素acridine?吖啶acridine dye?吖啶染料acridine orange?吖啶橙acridine yellow?吖啶黄acridone?吖啶酮acriflavine?吖啶黄素acriflavine hydrochloride?盐酸氮蒽黄acrinamin?奎纳克林acrolein?丙烯醛acrolein dimer?丙烯醛二聚物acrolein resin?丙烯醛尸acrolein test?丙烯酸试验acrosin?精虫头粒蛋白acrylaldehyde?丙烯醛acrylamide?丙烯酰胺acrylate?丙烯酸盐acrylic acid?丙烯酸acrylic fiber?丙烯酸纤维acrylic resin?丙烯酸尸acrylic rubber?丙烯酸橡胶acrylonitrile?丙烯腈actin?肌动蛋白actinic rays?光化射线actinide?锕类actinides?锕化物actinism?光化度actinium?锕actinium series?锕系actinochemistry?光化学actinochitin?辐几丁质actinolite?阳起石actinometer?日光辐射计actinomycin?放线菌素actinon?锕射气actinouranium?锕铀activated adsorption?活性吸附activated alumina?活性矾土activated atom?活化原子activated carbon?活性炭activated clay?活性白土activated complex?活化络合物activated molecule?活化分子activated sludge?活性污泥activated sludge process?活性污泥法activated state?跃迁态activation?活化activation analysis?放射化分析activation energy?活化能activator?活化剂active carbon?活性炭active center?活化中心active charcoal?活性炭active deposit?活性沉积物active earth?漂白土active earths?活性土active filler?活性填料active group?活性基active hydrogen?活性氢active mass?有效质量active material?活性物质active nitrogen?活性氮active oxygen?活性氧active power?有效功率active solvent?活性溶剂activity?活度activity coefficient?活度系数activity index?活动指数actomyosin?肌动球朊acyclic?无环的acyclic compound?无环化合物acyclic hydrocarbon?无环烃acyl carrier protein?酰基载体蛋白acyl chloride?酰基氯acyl group?酰基acyl peroxide?过氧化酰基acylating agent?酰化剂acylation?酰化acylcarbene?酰基聚炔acylnitrene?酰氮烯acyloin?偶姻acyloin condensation?偶姻缩合acyloinform?偶姻形acylurea?酰基脲adalin?阿达林adamantane?金刚烷adamkiewitz reaction?阿当凯维奇反应adamsite?亚当氏毒气adaptability?适应性adaptation?适应adapter?接管adaptive system?自适应系统adatom?被吸附原子addition?附加addition agent?添加剂addition compound?加成化合物addition polymer?加聚物addition polymerization?加聚酌addition product?附加产物addition reaction?加成反应addition solid solution?加***[JimiSoft: Unregistered Software ONLY Convert Part Of File! Read Help To Know How To Register.]***粘的adhesive ability?粘着能力adhesive bond?粘结结合adhesive capacity?粘着能力adhesive film?粘附膜adhesive power?粘附力adhesive tape?粘合带adhesiveness?粘合性adhesives?粘着剂adhesivity?粘附性adiabatic calorimeter?绝热量热器adiabatic change?绝热变化adiabatic compressibility?绝热压缩系数adiabatic curve?绝热曲线adiabatic expansion?绝热膨胀adiabatic lapse rate?绝热递减率adiabatic potential?绝热电位adiabatic process?绝热过程adiabatic reaction?绝热反应adiabatic reactor?绝热反应器adion?吸附离子adipamide?己二酰胺adipate?己二酸酯adiphenine?解痉素adipic acid?己二酸adipocellulose?脂纤维素adiponitrile?己二腈adjab butter?毒雾冰草油admixture?掺和物adonitol?阿东醇adrenal cortex hormone?肾上腺皮质激素adrenalin?肾上腺素adsorbability?吸附性adsorbate?吸附质adsorbent?吸附剂adsorber?吸附器adsorptiometer?吸附测量表adsorptiometry?吸附测量法adsorption?吸附adsorption analysis?吸附分析adsorption capacity?吸附能力adsorption chromatography?吸附色层分析法adsorption compound?吸附化合物adsorption current?吸附电流adsorption equilibrium?吸附平衡adsorption exponent?吸附指数adsorption heat?吸附热adsorption indicator?吸附指示剂adsorption isotherm?吸附等温线adsorption potential?吸附势adsorption site?吸附点adsorption water?吸附水adsorption wave?吸附波aerated concrete?加气混凝土aerated water?充气水aeration?吹风aerobe?需氧微生物aerobic digestion?需氧消化aerobic fermentation?需氧发酵aerochemical?空气化学的aerochemistry?空气化学aerocolloid?气溶胶aerodynamic sound?空气动力声aerogel?气凝胶aerophily?亲气性aerosil?硅胶aerosol?气溶胶aerosol propellant?气溶胶抛射剂aerosological?气溶胶的aerosolology?气溶胶学aerothermochemical?空气热化学的aerothermochemistry?空气热化学aerotropic?向氧性的aesculetin?七叶亭affination?精制affinity?亲合力affinity labeling?亲和标记aflatoxin?黄曲毒素after cure?后硫化after effect?后效应after fermentation?后发酵after ripening?后熟after vulcanization?后硫化aftercooler?后冷却器afterignition?后点火aftershrinkage?后期收缩aftertreatment?后处理agar?琼脂agar agar?琼脂agaric acid?松蕈酸agaricin?松蕈酸agate mortar?玛瑙研钵agavose?龙舌兰糖age hardening?时效硬化age resister?抗老剂agent?试剂agent of oxidation?氧化剂agglomerate?烧结块agglomeration?结块agglutinant?凝集剂agglutination?凝集agglutination reaction?凝集反应agglutinin?凝集素agglutometer?胶粘计aggregate?聚集体aggregation?聚集aging?成熟aging resistance?抗老化性agitation?搅拌agitator?搅拌机aglycon?糖苷配基agmatin?精胺agricultural chemistry?农业化学air bath?空气浴air bubble?气泡air cell?空气电池air chamber?空气室air classifier?风力分级器air compressor?空气压缩机air condenser?空气冷凝器air conditioning?空气第air conditioning equipment?空气第设备air content?空气含量air cooler?空气冷却器air cure?空气硫化air deficiency?空气缺乏air drying?空气干燥air elutriation?风筛air entraining agent?加气剂air excess?空气过量air filter?空气过滤器air fuel ratio?空气燃料比air gas?空气气体air hardening steel?空气淬硬钢air heater?空气加热器air humidity?空气湿度air lift?空气吸扬air liquefier?空气液化器air liquefying apparatus?空气液化装置air oxidation?空气氧化air pollution?大气污染air pump?气泵air purifier?空气净化器air reduction process?空气还原法air reservoir?储气筒air separation?吹气分离air separator?空气分离器air setting?空气硬化air shower?空气淋浴air temperature?气温airhole?风眼ajax powder?阿加克斯火药ajmaline?阿吗灵ajowan oil?香旱芹油alabandite?硫锰矿alabaster glass?雪花玻璃alanine?丙氨酸albarium?大理石灰albedo?反射率albertite?黑沥青albertol?阿耳伯特尸albite?钠长石albolite?镁硅塑胶album paper?像簿纸albumin?白朊albumin globulin ratio?白蛋白球蛋白比albumin glue?蛋白胶albuminate?白蛋白化合物albuminoid?硬朊alchemy?炼金术alcian blue?阿尔新蓝alcogel?醇凝胶alcohol?醇alcohol acid?醇酸alcohol dehydrogenase?醇脱氢酶alcohol fuel?酒精燃料alcohol lamp?酒精灯alcohol of crystallization?结晶醇alcohol thermometer?酒精温度计alcohol varnish?醇溶清漆alcoholase?醇酶alcoholate?烃氧基金属alcoholic compound?醇化合物alcoholic extract?酒精提出物alcoholic fermentation?酒精发酵alcoholic potash?钾碱醇液alcoholic solution?醇溶液alcoholism?酒中毒alcoholmeter?酒精比重计alcoholometry?酒精测定alcoholysis?醇解alcosol?醇溶胶alcoxyl?烷氧aldehyde?醛aldehyde acid?醛酸aldehyde alcohol?醛醇aldehyde ammonia?醛氨aldehyde dehydrogenase?醛脱氢酶aldehyde resin?聚醛尸aldimine?亚胺醛aldoheptose?庚醛糖aldohexose?乙醛糖aldoketene?醛烯酮aldol?羟醛aldol condensation?醛醇缩合aldol reaction?醇醛缩合反应aldolase?醛缩酶aldolization?缩醛反应aldonic acid?醛糖酸aldopentose?戊醛糖aldose?醛糖aldosterone?醛甾酮aldotriose?丙醛糖aldox process?羰醇法aldoxime?醛肟aldrin?艾氏剂alexandrite?翠绿宝石alfin catalyst?阿尔芬催化剂alfin polymer?阿尔芬聚合物alfin polymerization?阿尔芬聚合algae?藻类algin?藻酸alginate?藻蛋白酸盐alginate fiber?藻酸纤维alginic acid?海藻酸algol blue?阿果蓝algol color?阿果染料algorithm?算法alicyclic?脂环族的alicyclic compound?脂环化合物aliesterase?脂族酯酶aliphatic?无环的aliphatic acid?脂族酸aliphatic alcohol?脂族醇aliphatic amine?脂族胺aliphatic base?脂族碱aliphatic compound?脂族化合物aliphatic ether?脂族醚aliphatic hydrocarbon?脂族烃aliphatic series?脂族系aliphatic unsaturated carboxylic acid?脂族不饱羧酸alite?阿里特alizarin?茜素alizarin blue?茜素蓝alizarin brown?茜素棕alizarin dye?茜素染料alizarin lake?茜素色淀alizarin yellow?茜黄alkali?碱alkali blue?碱性蓝alkali cellulose?碱纤维素alkali fusion?碱熔融alkali ion diode?碱离子二极管alkali lignin?碱木素alkali liquor?碱液alkali metal?碱金属alkali resistance?耐碱性alkali rock?碱性岩alkali salt?碱金属盐alkalimeter?碱量计alkalimetry?碱量滴定法alkaline accumulator?减蓄电池alkaline bath?碱浴alkaline cell?碱性电池alkaline cleaner?碱性清洗剂alkaline earth metal?碱土金属alkaline earths?碱土族alkaline hydrolysis?加碱水解alkaline reaction?碱性反应alkaline solution?碱性溶液alkaline storage battery?减蓄电池alkalinity?碱度alkalization?碱化alkaloid?生物碱alkaloid reagent?生物碱试剂alkalosis?碱中毒alkamine?氨基醇类alkannin?紫草素alkanolamine?烷烃醇胺alkansulfonic acid?链烷磺酸alkene?烯烃alkine?链炔alkyd paint?醇酸涂料alkyd resin?醇酸尸alkyd resin varnish?醇酸清漆alkyl?烷基alkyl cellulose?烷基纤维素alkyl cyanide?烷基氰alkyl group?烷基alkyl halide?烷基卤alkyl sulfate?烷基硫酸盐alkyl sulfide?烷基硫alkyl sulfonic acid?烷基磺酸alkylarsine?烷基胂alkylarsonic acid?烷基胂酸alkylate?烷基化产物alkylating agent?烷化剂alkylation?烷基化alkylbenzene?烷基苯alkylbenzene sulfonate?烷基苯磺酸盐alkylene?烷撑alkylidene?次烷基alkylmagnesium halide?烷基镁化卤alkylnaphthalene?烷基萘alkyne?炔烃alkynol?炔醇allanite?褐帘石allantoic acid?尿囊酸allantoinase?尿囊素酶allantoxanic acid?尿囊毒酸allanturic acid?尿囊脲酸allelochemical?变异化学的allelochemistry?变异化学allene?丙二烯allergy?过敏反应allethrin?丙烯拟除虫菊酯allicin?蒜辣素alligator pear oil?鳄梨油allobarbital?二烯丙巴比妥allochromatic crystal?羼质色晶体allocinnamic acid?别肉桂酸alloisomerism?立体异构现象allomerism?异质同晶allophane水铝英石allophanic acid?脲基甲酸alloprene?阿洛波林allopurinol?别嘌呤醇allose?阿洛糖allosteric effect?别构效应allosteric enzyme?变构酶allosteric transition?变构转变allostery?变构性allothreonine?别苏氨酸allotrope?同素异形体allotropism?同素异形allotropy?同素异形allowable error?容许误差allowed transition?容许跃迁alloxan?阿脲alloxanic acid?阿脲酸alloxazine?咯嗪alloy?合金alloy analysis?合金分析alloy steel?合金钢allulose?阿卢糖alluvial gold?砂金allyl acetate?醋酸丙烯酯allyl alcohol?烯丙醇allyl amine?烯丙胺allyl bromide?烯丙基溴allyl chloride?烯丙基氯allyl complex?烯丙基络合物allyl compound?烯丙基化合物allyl cyanide?烯丙基腈allyl iodide?烯丙基碘allyl isothiocyanate?异硫氰酸烯丙酯allyl mercaptan?烯丙硫醇allyl resin?烯丙尸allyl sulfide?烯丙基硫allylene?丙炔allylic rearrangement?烯丙重排allylmustard oil?烯丙基芥子油allylthiourea?烯丙基硫脲almandine?铁铝榴石almandite?铁铝榴石almond oil?扁桃仁油aloe?芦荟aloin?芦荟素alpha brass?黄铜alpha cellulose?纤维素alpha counter?粒子计数器alpha iron?铁alpha naphthol?萘酚alpha position?位alpha ray spectrometer?射线能谱仪alpha rays?射线alstonine?鸡骨常山碱alternant hydrocarbon?交替烃alternating copolymer?交替共聚物alternating current?交流alternating current polarography?交莲谱alternation?交替altimeter?测高仪altitude?高度altrose?阿卓糖alum?茂alumel?镍基锰合金alumina?氧化铝alumina brick?矾土砖alumina bubble brick?泡沫矾土砖alumina cement?矾土水泥alumina fiber?氧化铝纤维alumina gel?铝凝胶alumina silica refractory?硅酸铝耐火材料aluminate?铝酸盐aluminium?铝aluminium acetate?乙酸铝aluminium alloy?铝合金aluminium ammonium sulfate?硫酸铝铵alumin***[JimiSoft: Unregistered Software ONLY Convert Part Of File! 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氨基萘酚aminonaphthol sulfonic acid 氨基萘磺酸aminopeptidase 氨基胜胨酵素aminophenol 氨基苯酚aminophenylarsonic acid 氨基苯胂酸aminophosphorylase 淀粉磷酸化酶aminophylline 氨苯碱aminopolypeptidase 氨基多胜酵素aminoprotease 氨蛋白酶aminopterin 氨基蝶呤aminopyridine 氨基吡啶aminopyrin 氨基吡啉aminoquinoline 氨基喹啉aminosalicylic acid 氨基水杨酸aminosuccinic acid 氨基琥珀酸aminosulfonic acid 氨基磺酸aminotoluene 氨基甲苯ammeter 电另ammonal 阿芒拿ammonia 氨ammonia compressor 氨气压缩机ammonia gas 氨气ammonia poisoning 氨中毒ammonia still 氨气塔ammonia synthesis 氨合成ammonia water 氨水ammoniacal brine 氨盐水ammoniacal fermentation 氨发酵ammoniacal latex 氨胶乳ammoniameter 氨量计ammoniasoda process 氨碱法ammoniated superphosphate 含铵过磷酸钙ammoniator 氨化器ammoniometry 氨量测定法ammonite 阿芒炸药ammonium 铵ammonium acetate 乙酸铵ammonium alum 铵茂ammonium benzoate 安息香酸铵ammonium bifluoride 氟化氢铵ammonium borate 硼酸铵ammonium carbamate 氨基甲酸铵ammonium carbonate 碳酸铵ammonium chloride 氯化铵ammonium chromate 铬酸铵ammonium cyanate 氰酸铵ammonium dichromate 重铬酸铵ammonium fluoride 氟化铵ammonium formate 甲酸铵ammonium hydrogen carbonate 碳酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵ammonium iodate 碘酸铵ammonium iron sulfate 硫酸铁铵ammonium metavanadate 偏钒酸铵ammonium molybdate 钼酸铵ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵ammonium nitrate explosive 硝铵炸药ammonium nitrate fertilizer 硝铵肥料ammonium oxalate 草酸铵ammonium perchlorate 高氯酸铵ammonium persulfate 过硫酸铵ammonium phosphate 磷酸铵ammonium phosphite 亚磷酸铵ammonium phosphomolybdate 磷钼酸铵ammonium picrate 苦味酸铵ammonium polysulfide 多硫化铵ammonium rhodanide 硫氰酸铵ammonium salt 铵盐ammonium selenate 硒酸铵ammonium stearate 硬脂酸铵ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵ammonium sulfite 亚硫酸铵ammonium thiocyanate 硫氰酸铵ammonium thiosulfate 硫代硫酸铵ammonium uranate 铀酸铵ammonium vanadate 钒酸铵ammonobase 氨基金属ammonolysis 氨解ammophos 安福粉amobarbital 戊巴比妥amodiaquine 阿莫待喹amorphism 无定形amorphous carbon 无定形碳amorphous graphite 无定型石墨amorphous material 无定形材料amorphous metal 无定形金属amorphous phosphorus 无定形磷amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous state 无定形状态amorphous sulfur 无定形硫ampere 安amperemeter 电另amperometric titration 电廖定amperometry 电廖定amphetamine 苯异丙胺amphibole 闪石amphipathic molecule 两亲水脂分子amphiphilic molecule 两亲水脂分子ampholyte 两性电解质ampholytic active agent 两性表面活性剂ampholytic surfactant 两性表面活性剂ampholytoid 两性胶体amphoteric 两性的amphoteric character 两性特征amphoteric colloid 两性胶体amphoteric compound 两性化合物amphoteric ion 两性离子amphoteric oxide 两性氧化物amphoteric resin 两性尸amphotericeledrolyte 两性电解质amplifier 放大器ampule 安瓿amygdalin 扁桃苷amyl 戊基amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯amyl alcohol 戊醇amyl bromide 戊基溴amyl butyrate 丁酸戊酯amyl ether 戊醚amyl formate 甲酸戊酯amyl mercaptan 戊硫醇amyl nitrite 亚硝酸戊酯amyl oleate 油酸戊酯amyl propionate 丙酸戊酯amylamine 戊胺amylase 淀粉酶amylbenzene 戊基苯amylene 戊烯amylo process 淀粉发酵法amylodextrin 淀粉糊精amyloid 淀粉状朊amylolysis 淀粉分解amylopectin 支链淀粉amylopsin 胰淀粉酶amylose 直链淀粉amytal 戊巴比妥anabasine 安纳巴松anabolism 同化酌anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic glycolysis 无氧糖酵解analcime 方沸石analgesic 镇痛药analog digital conversion 模拟数字转换analog signal 模拟信号analogue 类似analogue computer 模拟计算机analysis 分析analysis line 分析线analysis with ion selective electrodes 离子选择电极分析法analyte 分析物analytic function 解析函数analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical extraction 分析抽出analytical method 分析法analytical reaction 分析反应analytically pure 分析纯anapaite 斜磷钙铁矿anaphoresis 阴离子电泳anatase octahedrite 锐钛矿anchor agitator 锚式搅拌器anchor stirrer 锚式搅拌器andalusite 红柱石andesite 安山岩andreasen pipet 安德烈森型吸管androsin 雄素androstane 雄烷androstendione 雄烯二酮androsterone 雄酮andrussow process 安德卢梭法anelasticity 滞弹性anemometer 风速计anemonin 白头翁脑aneroid barometer 空盒气压计anesthesin 氨基苯甲酸乙酯anesthetic 麻醉剂anethole 茴香脑aneurin 硫胺素angelica lactone 当归内酯angelica oil 当归油angiotensin 血管紧张肽angle of polarization 偏振光角angle of refraction 折射角angle of repose 休止角anglesite 硫酸铅矿angstrom 埃angular momentum 角动量anhalonine 老头掌碱anhydride 酐anhydrite 硬石膏anhydrone 无水高氯酸镁anhydrous 无水的anhydrous acid 无水酸anhydrous alcohol 无水酒精anhydrous ammonia 无水氨anhydrous salt 无水盐anileridine 氨苄哌替啶anilide 酰替苯胺aniline 苯胺aniline black 苯胺黑aniline blue 苯胺蓝aniline dye 苯胺染料aniline formaldehyde resin 苯胺甲醛尸aniline hydrochloride 盐酸苯胺aniline point 苯胺点aniline red 苯胺红aniline resin 苯胺尸aniline yellow 苯胺黄anilol 酒精苯胺混合液animal biochemistry 动物生化学animal charcoal 骨炭animal chemistry 动物化学animal dye 动物染料animal fat 动物脂animal fiber 动物纤维animal glue 动物胶animal oil 动物油anime 硬尸anion 阴离子anion active agent 阴离子表面活性剂anion exchange 阴离子交换anion exchange resin 阴离子交换尸anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anionic polymerization 阴离子聚合anionic surfactant 阴离子表面活性剂anionoid reagent 类阴离子试剂anionotropy 阴离子移变现象anisaldehyde 茴香醛anise oil 茴香油anisic acid 茴香酸anisic alcohol 茴香醇anisidine 茴香胺anisole 茴香醚anisometric crystal 不等轴晶体anisotropic body 蛤异性体anisotropic liquid 蛤异性液体anisotropic membrane 蛤异性膜anisotropy 蛤异性anisoyl chloride 茴香酰氯anisyl acetate 醋酸茴香酯anisyl alcohol 茴香醇ankerite 铁白云石annabergite 镍华annealing 退火annealing furnace 退火窑annealing temperature 退火温度annulene 环轮烯anode 阳极anode effect 阳极效应anode process 阳极过程anode slime 阳极淀渣anodic oxidation 阳极氧化anodic polarization 阳极极化anodic reaction 阳极反应anodization 阳极化anodizing 阳极化anolyte 阳极电解液anomalous dispersion 异常弥散anomalous magnetic moment 异常磁矩anomalous skin effect 反常囚效应anomer 异头物anone 环己酮anorthoclase 钠斜微长石antagonism 拮抗酌antazoline 安他唑啉anthelmintics 驱肠虫剂anthocyan 花青素anthocyanidin 花色素anthocyanin 花色素苷anthophyllite 直闪石anthracene 蒽anthracene oil 蒽油anthracite 无烟煤anthracite duff 无烟煤粉anthralin 蒽啉anthranil 氨茴内酐anthranilate 邻氨基苯甲酸盐anthranilic acid 邻氨基苯酸anthranol 蒽酚anthranone 蒽酮anthrapurpurin 蒽红紫anthraquinone 蒽醌anthraquinone dye 蒽醌染料anthrarufin 蒽绛酚anthraxylon 结焦素anthrone 蒽酮anti allergic drug 抗过敏性药anti fouling paint 防污涂料anti tack agent 防粘剂antiacid 解酸药antiacid additive 抗酸添加剂antiager 抗老剂antiaromaticity 反芳香性antibiosis 抗生antibiotics 抗生物质antibody 抗体antibonding orbital 反键轨道anticarcinogen 抗癌物anticatalyst 抗催化剂anticathode 对阴极antichlor 脱氯剂anticholinesterase 抗胆碱酯酶剂anticoagulant 抗凝剂anticoagulating action 阻凝酌anticonvulsant 镇痉剂anticorrosion 抗腐蚀anticorrosive agent 防腐蚀剂anticorrosive paint 防腐涂料antidetonant 抗爆剂antidote 解毒剂antienzyme 抗酶antifertilizin 抗受精介体antifibrinolysin 抗纤维蛋白酶antifoamer 抗泡剂antifoaming agent 抗泡剂antifouling paint 防污漆antifreezing agent 阻冻剂antigen 抗原antihistamine 抗组胺剂antihistaminic agent 抗组胺剂antiknock agent 抗爆剂antiknock gasoline 抗爆汽油antiknocking fuel 抗爆燃料antimetabolite 抗代谢物antimonate 锑酸盐***[JimiSoft: Unregistered Software ONLY Convert Part Of File! Read Help To Know How To Register.]***剂antiozonant 抗臭氧剂antiparticle 反粒子antipode 对映体antiproton 反质子antipyretic and analgesic 解热镇痛药antipyrine 安替吡啉antiscorbutic vitamin 抗坏血病维生素antiscorcher 防焦剂antiscorching agent 防焦剂antisepsis 防腐antiseptics 防腐剂antispasmodic 镇痉剂antistat 抗静电剂antistatic agent 抗静电剂antitermination factor 抗终止因素antithrombin 抗凝血酶antitoxin 抗毒素antivitamin 抗维生素apatite 磷灰石aphthitalite 硫酸钾石apiin 芹实苷apiose 洋芹糖aplysiopurpurin 海螺紫apocodeine 阿朴可特因apoenzyme 酶朊apoferritin 脱铁铁蛋白apomorphine 阿朴吗啡apoprotein 脱辅基蛋白apozymase 酒化酶原apparatus 装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能apparent density 表观密度apparent equilibrium 表观平衡apparent specific gravity 表观比重apparent viscosity 表观粘度applied chemistry 应用化学applied thermodynamics 应用热力学approximate calculation 近似计算approximate value 近似值aprotic solvent 非质子溶剂aqua ion 水合离子aqua regia 王水aquagel 水凝胶aquametry 测水法aqueous emulsion 水乳状液aqueous medium 水介质aqueous phase 水相aqueous solution 水溶液aqueous vapor 水蒸汽arabic acid 阿糖酸arabic gum 阿拉伯胶arabinose 阿拉伯糖arabitol 阿糖醇arabonic acid 阿糖酸arachic acid 花生酸arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸arachis oil 花生油aragonite 霰石aralkyl 芳烷arbutin 熊果苷arc furnace 电弧炉arc process 电弧法arc spectrum 弧光谱arch brick 拱砖archeochemistry 考古化学arecoline 槟榔素areometer 比重计areometry 比重测定法argentite 辉银矿argentometry 银量滴定argillaceous sand 粘质砂土argillite 泥质板岩arginase 精氨酸酶arginine 精氨酸argol 粗酒石argon 氩aristolochic acid 马兜铃酸arnicin 由金车苦素aroma 香味aromatic acid 芳族酸aromatic aldehyde 芳族醛aromatic amine 芳香胺aromatic compound 芳族化合物aromatic hydrocarbon 芳香烃aromatic nucleus 芳香环aromatic series 芳香系aromaticity 芳香度aromatization 芳香化aromatization reaction 芳香化反应aroylation 芳酰基化arrhenius equation 阿雷尼厄斯方程arsanilic acid 阿散酸arsenate 砷酸盐arsenazo i 偶氮胂arsenblende 雄黄arsenic 砷arsenic acid 砷酸arsenic butter 三氯化砷arsenic glass 砷玻璃arsenic hydride 砷化三氢arsenic mirror 砷镜arsenic sulfide 硫化砷arsenic trichloride 三氯化砷arsenic trioxide 三氧化二砷arsenic trisulfide 三硫化二砷arsenide 砷化物arsenite 亚砷酸盐arseno compound 偶砷化合物arsenobenzene 偶砷苯arsenometry 亚砷酸滴定法arsenopyrite 砷黄铁矿arsenous anhydride 亚砷酸酐arsine 胂arsonic acid 胂酸arsonium 氢化砷arsonium compound 胂化合物arsphenamine 胂凡纳明art glass 艺术玻璃art paper 加工印刷纸artemisin 蒿属素arthropodin 节肢蛋白artiad 偶价元素artificial abrasive 人造磨料artificial aging 人工老化artificial almond oil 人造扁桃油artificial asphalt 人造地沥青artificial atmospher 人工气氛artificial butter 人造奶油artificial camphor 人造樟脑artificial corundum 人造金刚砂artificial diamond 人造金刚石artificial dye 人造染料artificial fertilizer 人造肥料artificial fiber 人造纤维artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial lattice 人工晶格artificial leather 人造革artificial musk 人造香artificial perfume 人造香料artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial resin 人造尸artificial rubber 人造橡胶artificial silk 人造丝artificial stone 人造石aryl compound 芳基化合物aryl halide 芳基卤arylamine 芳基胺arylation 芳基化arylide 芳基化物aryloxy compound 芳氧基化合物arylsulphonate 芳基磺酸盐asarin 细辛脑asarone 细辛脑asbestine 滑石棉asbestos 石棉asbestos board 石棉纸板asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos cloth 石棉布asbestos felt 石棉毛毯asbestos fiber 石棉纤维asbestos filter 石棉滤器asbestos insulation 石棉绝热体asbestos paper 石棉纸asbestos powder 石棉粉asbestos slate 石棉板asbestos wire gauze 石棉衬网asbestos yarn 石棉丝asbolane 钴土矿asbolite 钴土矿ascaridol 驱蛔脑ascending method 上行法ascorbic acid 抗坏血酸asepsis 防腐ash 灰ash bath 灰浴ash collector 除尘器ash content 灰分含量ash ejector 灰喷射器ash pit door 灰坑门ash softening point 灰熔温度ashing 灰化ashless filter paper 无灰滤纸asparaginase 天门冬酰胺酶asparagine 天门冬酰胺aspartase 天门冬氨酸酶aspartate 天冬氨酸盐aspartic acid 天冬氨酸aspartokinase 天冬氨酸激酶。
化工专业英语单词汇总
a function of …的函数 absorption：吸附 acetone 丙酮acrylics丙烯酸树脂 Aerospace 航空 agricultural engineering农业工程agricultural engineer农艺师 Amalgam 汞齐，水银；混合物，交叉ammonia 氨 ammonium nitrate硝酸铵ammonium sulfate硫酸铵 analyte分析物 analytical chemistry分析化学amorphous 非定型的,非晶型的,非结晶的,玻璃状的;无一定目的的,乱七八糟approximate to：接近，趋近 area 面积 argon氩 aromatic 芳香烃的as a whole整体而言 ash纯碱 asphalt沥青a priori：先验的,既定的,不根据经验的,由原因推出结果的,演绎的,直觉的accessory heater 附属加热器accident prevention事故预防accountant会计师，会计，出纳 activity coefficient活度系数actualrate of absorption 实际吸收速率 adiabatic绝热的，不传热的alkane烷烃 ammonia-air mixture 氨气-水混合物ammonium phosphate磷酸铵anhydrous无水的applied Chemistry应用化学aquatic plant 水生植物 artificial人工的 asphaltene沥青油assay分析化验 at right angles to 与…成直角，与…垂直bottoms product塔底产品 baffle-plate折流挡板，缓冲挡板balance 抵消，平衡 barrier障碍物 batch间歇的；benzene苯binary distillation双组分精馏 bioengineering生物工程 bionics（仿生学）biosynthesis生物合成 blower 风机 boundary layer 边界层brick wall 墙壁 brittleness 脆性 bubble-cap tower 泡罩塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗 bulk explosive集装炸药 buoyancy force 浮力by virtue of 由于，根据，凭借于 barrel桶(国际原油计量单位)base塔底，基础 biological production生物制品生产biomechanics生物力学 bitumen沥青 blood-flow dynamics血液流动动力学boiling point 沸点 bottom 底部，塔底 branched chain支链烷烃branched-chain（带支链的） bulk chemical 大宗化工产品capillary action毛细管作用 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳capital expenditure 基建投资 carbon skeleton碳骨架capital outlay 费用，成本，基建投资 carrier载体carbon tetrachloride四氯化碳 straightforward简单明了的 catalyst 催化剂catalyst催化剂， catalytic cracking 催化裂化catalytic oxidation催化氧化 chemical additive添加剂centrifuge离心.离心机，离心分离 chemical process safety 化工过程安全chain-shaped链状的 chemical reactor transfer of heat, evaporation, crystallization结晶chain链 chlorofluorocarbon二氯二氟化碳，氟里昂chemical reaction化学反应 circulating gas 循环气civil engineer土木工程师 closed system封闭系统cleansing agent清洗剂 compound化合物close teamwork紧密的团队协作 computer microchip 计算机芯片coefficient系数 concentration difference 浓度差columnar liquid chromatography柱状液相色谱仪 concentration gradient 浓度梯度combustion燃烧 condensate冷凝液，凝缩液commercial proportions 商业规模 condensation冷凝commodity or specialty通用商品或特殊化学品 condenser冷凝器compress压缩 condense凝缩，冷凝computationally intensive计算量大的 constitute取代物，取代基concave （凸的，凸面） continuous：连续的concentration 浓度 convection 对流conduction 传导 convection drying对流干燥conduit导流管）, cooling water 冷却水conical funnel 锥形漏斗 coordinating ligand配合体，向心配合体conservation of mass and energy能量与质量守衡定律 corrosive property 腐蚀性constant-rate drying period恒速干燥阶段 cost engineer造价师control volume 控制体 counterpart对应物，配对物cooler 冷却器 cracking of petroleum石油裂解counteract抵消 cracking裂化counter-current逆流 criteria 指标 conversion转化，转化率critical moisture content临界湿湿含量 crude oil原油cake filtration 饼层过滤 capillarity毛细现象，毛细管力 crystal flaw 晶体瑕疵decompose分解，离解，还原，腐烂 depth 深度 derivative衍生物descriptive 描述性的 diagnostic application of computers计算机诊断diammonium hydrogen phosphate磷酸二氢铵 dislocation 错位dispersion model分散模型 dissolve 溶解 distillate product塔顶馏出产品distillate section精馏段 downcomer 降液管 drag forces曳力 drying of Solids 固体干燥drying rate干燥速率 ductility 延展性 dairy牛奶deactivate失活 deep bed filtration 深层过滤 defect structure 结构缺陷demonstrate论证，证明，证实；说明，表明，显示density 密度 density difference密度差 deposit沉积物design engineer设计师 detector检测器 detrimental有害的devastate破坏，蹂躏 discolor变色，脱色drop in pressure 压降 drying gas干燥气体 drying干燥durability 耐久性，寿命，使用期限，强度eddy diffusion涡流扩散 efficiency improvement 效率提高electromagnetic wave 电磁波 Empirical model 经验模型employ采纳，利用 end-of-pipe solution 最终方案energy efficiency 能量效率 environmental health engineering环境健康工程equimolecular counter-diffusion 等分子反向扩散essential oil香精油 ether 乙醚 ethylene epoxidation 乙烯环氧化反应exothermic（放热的，endothermic吸热的,adiabatic绝热的）exotic chemistry 奇异化学explosive炸药 extract 萃取液extract萃取液 eddy 尾流，涡流 electrical conductivity 导电性emission释放物，排放物 emulsifying agent乳化剂energy saving 节约能量 enthalpy 焓 extract phase萃取相environmentally benign processing环境友好加工equilibrium constant 平衡常数 ethyl alcohol乙醇)energy conversion 能量转化falling-rate降速 falling-rate period降速干燥阶段feedstock 进料，原料 fermentation发酵Fick’s Law 费克定律 filter cake 滤饼filter paper 滤纸 filtering medium 过滤介质filtering surface 过滤表面 filtrate 滤液flux（通量，流通量） foodstuff 食品forces of friction 摩擦力 forefront最前线，最前沿fouling污垢，发泡 foundation 基础fraction collector馏分收集器fractional crystallization分步结晶fully developed turbulent flow充分发展湍流 functional group官能团furnace 火炉，燃烧器 fused quartz 熔化的石英factor 因数，因子，系数，比例 family族 feed liquor 进料液fertilizer化肥 fiber纤维 filter cake 滤饼filter 过滤器 filtration 过滤 final-proposal决议Fine chemical 精细化工 first-principles基本原理，基本规则fluid mechanics 流体力学 fluorescence 荧光色，荧光fossil fuel化石燃料 freeze drying冷冻干燥gas diffusivity气体扩散性，气体扩散系数gasoline汽油 general service facilities公用工程gravity重力 gas adsorption 吸收；Gas and Liquid Chromatography气相色谱与液相色谱gasoline汽油 governmental regulation政府规定heat exchanger 换热器 heat requirement热负荷heat-sensitive material 热敏性物质 heavy gas oil重瓦斯油helium氦 HF alkylation氰氟酸烷基化high-efficiency高效的 high-fidelity高保真的 high-performance高性能human-factors engineering人类与环境工程humidity湿度 hydrodynamic model水力学模型hydrogen and methane oxidation 氢气和甲烷氧化反应hydroquinone 对苯二酚 hard hat 安全帽hazard identification 危害辩识， health care保健hearing aid助听器 artificial limb假肢 heat exchange 热交换heats of solution and vaporization溶解热和汽化热 homologous series同系物human medicine人体医学 hydrocarbon naphthene环烷烃hydrogen cyanide氰化氢i feed tray进料板 ibuprofen异丁苯丙酸 ifetime寿命 impurity杂质in the vicinity of 在…附近，靠近..,大约…，在…左右information processing 信息处理injection注射 inorganic salt无机盐 insulation 绝缘inter-phase mass transfer界相际间质量传递is proportional to 与…成比例ideal system 理想系统 In principle从原理而言in the absence of无---存在 inert 惰性物，不参加反应的物质inflection:折射 intensity强度，程度is almost inversely proportional to 几乎与…成反比internal structure 内部结构ketone酮 kilogram千克labor 劳动力 laminar sub-layer 层流底层 latent heat潜热 law 定律 Lewis acid不可再生的路易斯酸liquid mixture 液体混合物 lubricating oil润滑油Latin or Greek stem 拉丁或者希腊词根least-squares-regression最小二乘法 life scientist生命科学家liquid-liquid extraction 液液萃取 locant位次，位标 loss prevention损失预防macroscopic phenomenon 宏观现象 thermal stability热稳定性maintenance expense 维修费 macroscopic particle 宏观的粒子materials science材料科学 magnet 磁铁，有吸引力的人或物matte无光泽的，无光的 mathematical expression steady-state model稳态模型mean value平均值 maximum最大的mechanical disturbance 机械扰动 mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric, magnetic, and optical behavior. （机械性能、热学性能、化学性能、电学性能、磁性能、光学性能）mechanical separation 机械分离） medical electronics医疗电子medical instrumentation医疗器械 medical engineering医学工程，医疗工程membrane technology膜技术 medium 介质metal wall of a tube 金属管壁 membrane module膜组件metallic solid 金属固体 methane甲烷metallurgy 冶金学，冶金术 milliliter毫升micro-reactor 微型反应器 miscible可混合的，可溶的，可搅拌的mobile phase移动相 model identification模式识别moisture content湿含量 molecular diffusion 分子扩散motion of unbound electrons 自由电子的运动 molecular transfer分子传递mount 安装，固定 moving gas stream移动的气流multi-component distillation多组分精馏natural gas天然气 naphtha石脑油near toequilibrium接近平衡 natural and forced convection 自然对流和强制对流neural network神经网络 net flow 净流量nitric acid 硝酸 nitric acid硝酸 nylon尼龙nitrogen oxides氮氧化物 nonlinear-equation-solving technique非线性方程求解技术nomenclature of chemical compound化学化合物的命名法 nuclear power 核能octane number of gasoline汽油辛烷值 of the same order具有同一数量级of enthalpy 焓通量 oil drilling采油operating condition操作条件 oil shale油页岩overhead vapor塔顶汽体 one-pass（单程）oxygenate content 氧含量 operating cost 操作费用or convex（凹的，凹面） organic有机的，有机物的outline描绘，勾勒 output产出，输出，产量oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物paraffin石蜡，烷烃parent母链，主链penicillin青霉素partial vaporization 部分汽化particle size 颗粒尺寸pharmaceutical intermediate药物中间体pharmaceutical 制药 packed tower 填料塔phaseout消除 packing characteristics填充性质phenomenological model 现象模型 packing material 填料 pump 泵physical process 物理过程 paint涂料physiologists生理学 paraffin石蜡，链烷烃physiologist生理学家 per unit area单位面积plastic塑料 percent conversion百分比转化率plate tower 板式塔 installation 装置 feed 进料 perpendicular to：与----垂直polymers聚合物 Pharmaceutical制药power 动力 phosgene synthesis 光气合成.precipitate 沉淀物 plane chromatography薄层色谱precipitation沉淀，沉析 plant layout工厂布局pressure gradient plant location工厂选址probability of failure失效概率 pollutant 污染物process data historian：过程数据历史编撰师 poor conductor of electricity 不良导电体process engineering过程工程 porous medium 多孔介质process material过程物料(相对最终产品而言的） pretreatment 预处理process-simulation software packages过程模拟软件包 processcontrol（过程控制）product 产物，产品 production line生产线prosthetics假肢器官学 protein蛋白质psychology心理学 pyridine砒啶 purify 精制提纯qualitative定性的 quantitative precision定量的精确 quantitative relation 定量关系radiation 辐射 raffinate萃余液ratio of A to B A与B的比值 rate of diffusion扩散速率reactant 反应物 reaction 反应 separation 分离reaction byproduct 反应副产物 reaction yield反应产率reaction speed反应速度 reaction zone反应区reactive distillation 反应精馏 reactive distillation 反应精馏reactor energy input能量输入 recycle 循环回收reboiler再沸器 vaporization汽化 regression model回归模型.refix前缀 release释放，排放reflect 反射， replacement organ器官移植reflux回流 replication 复制 reforming重整 resistance 阻力regenerate再生 resistance 阻力，阻止replicating prefix重复前缀词 retention volume保留体积retention times保留时间 ring-shaped（环状的）Reynolds number雷诺准数 rules and regulations 规章制度reaction kinetics 反应动力学 reactant 反应物retardation factor保留因子，延迟因子safety experience安全经验 safety knowledge安全知识safety management support安全管理基础知识 safety shoe防护鞋sample样品 sandstone砂岩 sedimentary rock沉积岩 sanitation卫生segment段，片，区间，部门，部分；弓形，圆缺；分割，切断screening筛选，浮选sensor 传感器，探头 seepage渗出物 siltstone泥岩 self-taught自学size distribution 粒度分布 semiconductor 半导体sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠 sensible heat（sensible heat：显热）solubility，溶解度，溶解性 separation of solids 固体分离solute溶质 settling tank沉降槽 solution溶液 setup 装置solvent make-up 补充溶剂 optimum 最优的 shape 形状solvent 溶剂 soap肥皂solvent-recovery system 溶剂回收系统 solid state physics固体物理学stage-type distillation column级板式精馏塔 soluble可溶解的 solvent溶剂statistical technique 统计技术 specialized group专业组storage仓库 specialty chemical特殊化学品，特种化学品stripping section汽提段,提馏段 spinning electrons 旋转电子structural steels 结构钢 spray chamber 喷淋室substituent取代基 stationary nonvolatile phase静止的不挥发相substitute取代，替代 steam蒸汽suffix后缀 stereoselective立体选择性的surface layer 表面层 straight line：直线surface treatment表面处理 streptomycin（链霉素）surgeon外科医生 styrene苯乙烯suspension 悬浮液 sublime升华supportive or substitute organ辅助或替代器官 synthetic rubber合成橡胶tanker油轮 kerosene煤油 tarry柏油的，焦油的，焦油状的technical competence技术能力 tangible return有形回报terminology术语，词汇 tar sand沥青石thermal conductivity 导热性 technical advance 技术进步thermal diffusion热扩散 technical challenge技术挑战，技术困难total condense全凝器 technical evaluation技术评估tower shell 塔体 Telecommunication 电信toxic有毒的 temperature gradient 温度梯度transport of momentum 动量传递 temperature gradient 温度梯度tray 塔板 temperature level 温度高低turbulent flow 湍流 test mixture测试混合物two-film theory 双膜理论 the Chemical Manufacturers Association化工生产协会two-phase flow两相流 the random motion of molecules 分子无规则运动thermal conduction 热传导 thermodynamic equilibrium热力学平衡 tonnage吨位，吨数，吨产量 top 顶部，塔顶trap 收集，捕集 triple bond三健，三价unconverted reactant未转化的反应物 unabsorbed component未吸收组分 purity纯度urea尿素vacant atomic site 原子空位 vacuum drying真空干燥vapor-liquid contacting device汽液接触装置 Vacuum 真空viscous resistance粘性阻力 valve tray浮阀塔板volatility挥发性 vapor pressure蒸汽压voluntary自愿的，无偿的，义务的；有意的，随意的；民办的 via经，由，通过，借助于 viscosity 黏度waste 废物 wastewater treatment污水处理 waste disposal废物处理water droplet水珠，水滴 water purification水净化wax石蜡 weir溢流堰 with the result that：由于的缘故，鉴于的结果water-cooling tower水冷塔yield 产率，收率。
石油英语词汇
石油英语词汇1-butox yethoxy-2-propanol 1-丁氧乙氧基-2-丙醇1-methylanthracene 1-甲基蒽10-round thread form 每英寸10扣100-year return period storm 百年一遇的风暴100-year storm 百年一遇的风暴100-year wave 百年一遇的海浪123 mud acid 12%的盐酸与3%的氢氟酸配制的土酸13-isopimaradiene 13-异海松二烯1DC 一维校正2-ethylhexanol 2-乙基已醇2-ethylhex yl acrylate 2-乙基己基丙烯酸酯2-ethylhex yl sulfosuccinate 磺基琥珀酸2-乙基己酯2-ethylnaphthalene 2-乙基萘2-methyl anteiso-paraffin 二甲基反异链烷2-methyl butadiene 2-甲基丁二烯2-methyl parafin 2-甲基石蜡烃2-nitro-p-cresol 2-硝基对甲酚2-pot gravel compaction ficompaction filter unit 双罐砾石充填过滤装置2D pore network model 二维孔隙网络模型2D-2W two dimension-two wire 二度二线制2D-3W two dimension-three wire 二度三线制2DC 二维校正3-D black diagram 三维透视图3-D data collection 三维数据采集3-D data set 三维数据集3-D data volume 三维数据体3-D display 三维显示3-D histogram 三维直方图3-D interpretation 三维解释3-D migration 三维偏移3-D ray-tracing 三维射线跟踪3-D seismics 三维地震3-D seismology 三维地震学3-D technology 三维技术3-D television display 三维电视显示3-phase separator 三相分离器3-way valve 三向阀3-year outdoor weatherability 三年室外耐候性3D CDP-sort 三维共深度点道集3D collection system 三维采集系统3D DMO 三维倾角时差校正3D grid 三维网格3D hologram 三维全息3D modelling 三维模型3D processing 三维处理3D seismic data 三维地震数据3D stacked wavefield 三维叠加波场3D static correction 三维静校正3D velocity field 三维速度场3D-3W three dimension-three wire 三度三线制3D-4W three dimension-four wire 三度四线制3?瞐rm windmill 三臂风车型4-MDBT 4-甲基二苯并噻吩4-methyl-1-pentene 4-甲基-1-戊烯4-methyl-5α-cholestane 4-甲基-5α-胆甾烷4?瞐cetyl resorcinol 4?惨阴；?间苯二酚4?瞐rm caliper log 四臂井径仪测井4?瞐rm dipmeter 四臂地层倾角仪6?瞐mino?瞔aproic acid ６?舶被?己酸A AND NOTB gate 禁止门A ignoreB gate 与B无关的A门A impliesB gate 蕴含门；A或B非门A OR NOTB gate 蕴含门a posterior estimate 后验估计a posteriori 后天的a prior estimate 先验估计a priori 先天的A Programming Language APL语言A register 累加寄存器A wire 地址线A&R 组装与再循环A&T 装配与测试a.a. 同上a.a.r. 全险a.c. electric dipole 交流电偶极子a.c. 防腐的a.c. 交流a.c. 交流成分a.c. 吸收系数a.c. 自动控制仪A.C.D. 自动关闭装置A.C.E. 自动计算装置A.C.electric dipole field 交流电偶极场A.C.magnetic dipole field 交流磁偶极子场a.d. 开票后a.d. 平均深度A.F. 自动跟踪A.F.A. 音频放大器A.F.A. 音频设备A.F.C. 自动跟踪控制A.F.C. 自动频率控制A.F.E. 批准预算；费用批准书A.F.E. 现场费用支付权A.G.R. 改进型气冷反应堆a.h.m. 安培小时计A.J. 抗干扰a.m. 安培计a.m. 上述的a.m. 上午A.M.O.B. 自动气象海洋浮标A.M.T.B.A. 美国机床制造商协会A.N.G.T.S. 阿拉斯加天然气输送系统A.O.U. 表观耗氧量A.P 美国专利A.P. 等差级数A.P. 分析纯a.r.e. 逼近相对效率A.S.L. 海拔A.S.L.E. 美国润滑工程师学会A.S.M. 美国金属学会A.S.M.D 美国金属定义学会A.S.V. 空对海搜索雷达A.S.W. 美国线径规A.St 自动起动器a.t. 安匝数A.U. 埃单位A.U. 任意单位A.U. 运算器A.W. 辅助绕组A.W. 原子量A.W. 自动焊接AA 氨基酸分析器AA 活化分析AA 极光带吸收aa 块状熔岩流AA 原子吸收AA 原子吸收分光光度计AAA 幅度衰减分析AAA 原子吸收分析AAAS 美国科学促进会AAC 自动振幅控制AAC 自动装置与自动控制AACC 美国自动控制委员会AACE 美国成本工程师协会AAD 原子吸收检测器AAE 美国工程师协会AAEE 美国电气工程师协会Aalenian stage 阿连阶AAM 耐磨损材料AAM 烷基取代的丙烯酰胺AAODC 美国油井钻井承包商协会AAOEC 亚非经济合作组织AAPG 美国石油地质学家协会AAQR 美国第四纪研究协会AAS 美国科学院AAS 原子吸收光谱AAS 原子吸收光谱法AASG 美国州属地质家协会AASS test 醋酸性盐雾试验AASW 美国科学工作者协会AAT P 近代数组转换处理机AB electrodes A B电极ab initio 从一开始ab 大约ab 地脚螺栓ab 航空测向器ab 绝对的ab 绝对压力AB 空运的ab 偶氮苯abac 算图abaci abacus的复数abacterial 无菌的abactinal 反口方的abacus 算盘；冲洗液槽；顶板abaft the beam 在正横后的方向abampere CGS 电磁制安培abandoing party 弃权方abandon 报废abandoned channel 废弃河道abandoned footage 报废进尺abandoned meander 废弃河曲abandoned range 报废井段abandoned well 放弃井abandonment cap 弃井封盖abandonment charge 废弃费用abandonment cost 放弃成本abandonment of lease 放弃租用abandonment oil production rate 废弃产油量abandonment plugging 废弃封堵abandonment pressure 废弃压力abandonment water cut 废弃含水量abandonment water?瞣il ratio 废弃水油比abandonment 油气井因故废弃；报废；放弃abas 诺谟图abate 减价abatement 减少；废除；冲销；废料abaxial 离开轴心的ABB 气吹式断路器abb. 缩写词abb. 缩写的Abbe refractometer 阿贝折光仪Abbevillian 阿布维尔期abbr 简写的abbrev 简写的abbreviate 缩写abbreviation 缩写ABC method ABC 校正法ABC 自动亮度调整abcoulomb CGS 电磁制库伦ABD 表观容积密度abd 放弃的abd 丰富的ABD 准博士生ABDC 自动基线漂移校正AbDhabi National Oil Co. 阿布扎比国家石油公司abeam 正横Abel flash point 阿贝耳闪点Abel tester 阿贝耳闪点测定仪Abel transform 阿贝耳变换Abelian differential 阿贝耳微分Abelian group 阿贝耳群Abel?睩ourier method 阿贝耳?哺道镆斗?abend 异常终止abendoned oil 废弃油aber 河口Aberdeen sandstone 阿伯丁砂岩aberrant 异常的aberration 越轨；畸变；光行差aberrational correction 象差校正aberration?瞗ree 无象差abeyance 中止；暂时搁置；未定ABF 钢丝折断拉力总和abfarad CGS 电磁制法拉abhenry CGS 电磁制亨利abherent 防粘材料abhesion 脱粘abhesive 防粘材料ABHGM 自动井下重力仪abide 持续；遵守；容忍abies oil 松香油Abiespollenites 冷杉粉属abietane 松香烷abietene 松香烯abietic acid 松香酸Abietineaepollenites 单束松粉属Abietipites 拟松粉属ability of paying back 偿还能力ability to bargain 议价能力ability to pay 纳税能力ability to repay the loan 偿贷能力ability 能力；性能；效率；才能abiochemistry 非生物化学abiocoen 无机生境abiogenesis 非生物成因；自然发生abiogenetic gas 无机成因气abiogenetic 非生物成因的；自然发生的abiogenic gas 无机成因气abiogenic reaction 非生物反应abiogenic 非生物成因的abiogeny 非生物成因论abioglyph 非生物层面印痕abiological 非生物的abioseston 无机浮聚物质abiotic origin 非生物成因abiotic surround 无生命环境abiotic 非生物的ABL 基准线以上ABL 美国阿特拉斯计算机基本语言ablation area 消融区ablation breccia 消融角砾岩ablation cave 冰川消融穴ablation cone 消融锥ablation factor 消融因素；消融速率ablation form 消融地形ablation gradient 消融梯度ablation layer 消融层ablation swamp 消融沼泽ablation till 消融冰碛ablation 除去；剥蚀；消融；烧蚀；风化ablative plastics 烧烛塑料ablaze 着火燃烧的；闪耀的ABLE 作业平衡线评价abluent 洗涤的；洗涤剂ablution 清除abmho CGS 电磁制姆欧ABMTM 英国机床制造商协会abnd 放弃的abnomal condition 非正常状态abnormal anticlinorium 逆复背斜abnormal compaction 异常压实abnormal contact 异常接触abnormal cost 非正常成本abnormal curve 非正规曲线abnormal depreciation 非常折旧abnormal dip 异常倾斜abnormal distribution 非正态分布abnormal end 异常终止abnormal events 异常波abnormal ex posure 异常照射abnormal fan?瞫haped fold 逆扇状褶皱abnormal fault 异常断层abnormal fluid pressure 异常流体压力abnormal formation pressure 异常地层压力abnormal gain 非常收益abnormal indication 反常指示abnormal ionization 异常电离abnormal load 不规则载荷abnormal loss 特别损失abnormal magnetic variation 异常磁变abnormal occurrence 异常现象abnormal polarization 异常偏振abnormal risk 特殊风险abnormal spoilage 非常损坏abnormal synclinorium 逆复向斜abnormal trace 不正常道abnormal 异常abnormality 异常；破坏；紊乱abnormally pressurized reservoir 异常压力储集层abnormity 异常abnormous 异常的aboard 船上abohm CGS 电磁制欧姆ABOI 英国海洋协会abolish 废除abolition 废除aborane 乔木烷aboriginal 土著的abort sensing control unit 紧急测定控制装置abort 故障；紧急停车；半途终止abortive enterprise 经营失败的新企业about?瞫ledge 强力锻造；锻锤above curb 路边标高以上的above freezing 零上above ground piping insulation 地面管道保温above sea level 海拔above tide 海拔abovebelow ground transition 地面和地下管线过渡段above?瞔ritical 临界以上的above?瞘rade 地面的；高于原定级别的above?瞘round hydrant 地上消防栓above?瞘round 地上的above?瞞entioned 上述的above?瞡amed 上述的above?瞡ormal 正常以上的above?瞭hermal neutron 超热中子above?瞱ater platform 水上平台ABRA 磨料abra 岩洞abradability 磨蚀性abradant 磨料；磨蚀剂；磨蚀的abrade 研磨abraded bedrock surface 浪蚀基岩面abraded depth 磨蚀深度abraded diamond 表面磨损的金刚石abraded perforation 磨蚀的射孔眼abraded platform 海蚀台地abrader 磨蚀机abrased glass 磨光玻璃abrasion cycle 磨耗周期abrasion drilling 冲蚀钻井abrasion hardness 研磨硬度abrasion index 磨蚀指数abrasion loss 磨耗abrasion mark 磨蚀痕迹abrasion platform 海蚀台abrasion resistance index 耐磨指数abrasion resistance 抗磨力abrasion resisting pump 耐磨泵abrasion shoreline 浪蚀海岸线abrasion surface 海蚀面；浪蚀面abrasion tableland 浪蚀台地abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasion test 耐磨试验abrasion tester 磨损试验机abrasion testing machine 磨耗试验机abrasion value 磨耗量abrasion wear 磨耗abrasion 磨蚀；海蚀abrasion?瞤roof 耐磨的abrasive action 磨蚀作用abrasive blast 喷磨处理abrasive brick 研磨砖abrasive cloth 砂布abrasive cut?瞣ff machine 砂轮切割机abrasive disk 砂轮abrasive dust 磨屑abrasive formation 研磨性地层abrasive grain 磨粒；磨料粒度abrasive jet bit 磨料喷射钻头abrasive jet cleaning 喷砂清理abrasive jet drilling 磨蚀喷射钻井abrasive jet wear testing 喷砂磨损试验abrasive jets 磨料喷嘴；喷射磨料钻头；磨料喷流abrasive lapping 磨料研磨abrasive machine 砂轮机abrasive material 磨料abrasive paper 砂纸abrasive particle 磨粒abrasive perforating 喷砂射孔abrasive property 研磨性abrasive sand 磨料砂abrasive stick 油石abrasive substance 研磨材料abrasive surface 研磨面abrasive suspension 悬浮磨料abrasive tool 研磨工具abrasive wheel 砂轮abrasive 研磨料abrasiveladen 含有磨料的abrasiveness 磨蚀性abrasive?瞝aden jet 含磨料喷流；含磨料喷嘴abrasive?瞨esistant material 抗磨材料abrator 抛丸清理机；喷砂清理abraum salt 杂盐；层积盐abrazite 水钙沸石abreuvage 机械粘砂abri 岩洞abriachanite 镁铁青石棉abridge 缩短；摘要abridged edition 缩编本abridgment 概略abrogation 废除；取消abrolhos 蘑菇形堡礁ABRSV RES 耐磨的ABRSV 磨料abrupt component 管路上流动截面有突变的部件abrupt contact 突变接触abrupt curve 陡度曲线abrupt slope 陡坡abrupt tooth engagement 齿轮急剧啮合abrupt wave 陡浪abruption 裂断；中断；断路；分裂abruptness 急缓度Abruptophycus 裂片藻属ABS copolymer 丙烯腈?捕《?烯?脖揭蚁┕簿畚?ABS pipe 丙烯腈?捕《?烯?脖揭蚁┕?ABS resin 丙烯腈?捕”绞髦?abs 不存在的abs 绝对的abs 空气断路开关ABS 美国标准局ABS 美国船级社ABS 美国广播系统ABS 烷基苯磺酸盐abs 吸收abs 摘要ABS 钻头截面积ABS. Alt. 绝对高度ABs. E. 绝对误差abs. 摘要absarokite 橄榄粒玄岩abscess 气孔；砂眼；脓肿abscissa axis 横坐标轴abscissa 横坐标abscissae abscissa的复数abscission 切断absence 缺席；没有absent phase 缺失相absenteeism 旷工absolute absorption 绝对吸收absolute abundance 绝对丰度absolute acceleration 绝对加速度absolute accuracy 绝对精度absolute activity 绝对活性absolute address 绝对地址absolute addressing 绝对编址absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute boiling point 绝对沸点absolute calibration 绝对刻度absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute code 绝对码absolute coding 绝对编码absolute continuity 绝对连续性absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute coordinates 绝对坐标absolute cost 绝对成本absolute cover 绝对保值absolute cross?瞫ection 绝对截面absolute damping 绝对衰减absolute dating 绝对年龄测定absolute deflection 绝对变位absolute deformation 绝对变形absolute deviation 绝对偏差absolute dispersion 绝对离差absolute displacement 绝对位移absolute effeciency test 绝对效率检验absolute elevation 绝对高程absolute encoder 绝对编码器absolute energy scale 绝对能量标度absolute error 绝对误差absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute fixed capital 纯粹固定资本absolute flow rate 绝对流量absolute flying height 绝对航高absolute frequency 绝对频率absolute galvanometer 绝对检流计absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学absolute gradient 绝对梯度absolute gravimeter 绝对重力仪absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute heating effect 绝对热效应；绝对供暖效果absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定absolute integrability 绝对可积性absolute language 机器语言absolute liability 绝对赔偿责任absolute loader 绝对地址装入程序absolute magnetic instrument 绝对磁测量仪absolute manometer 绝对压力计absolute mass unit 绝对质量单位absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute misclosure 绝对闭合差absolute modulus 绝对模量absolute monotone 绝对单调absolute number 绝对数absolute open flow potential 绝对敞喷流量absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute ownership 绝对所有权absolute parallax 绝对视差absolute pavilion 绝对亭absolute permeability 绝对渗透率absolute porosity 绝对孔隙度absolute precision 绝对精度absolute pressure 绝对压力absolute price 绝对价格absolute priority 绝对优先权absolute program 绝对程序absolute reaction rate theory 绝对反应速度理论absolute reference 绝对基准absolute refraction 绝对折射absolute roughness 绝对粗糙度absolute scale 绝对标度absolute scattering power 绝对射散能力absolute sensitivity 绝对灵敏度absolute stability 绝对稳定absolute standard 绝对标准absolute stereoscopic parallax 绝对立体视差absolute stoppage design 绝对阻挡设计absolute strength 绝对强度absolute stress 绝对应力absolute symmetrical balance 绝对对称平衡absolute system of units 绝对单位制absolute temperature scale 绝对温标；凯氏温标absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute term 绝对项absolute time code 绝对时间码absolute time 绝对时absolute title 绝对所有权absolute total loss 绝对全损absolute unit 绝对单位absolute vacuum 绝对真空absolute valence 绝对价absolute value error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值absolute velocity 绝对速度absolute viscometry 绝对粘度测定法absolute viscosimeter 绝对粘度计absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absolute water content 绝对含水量absolute yield 绝对产额absolute zero 绝对零度absolute 绝对的absorb foreign capital 吸收外资absorb 吸收absorbability 可吸收性absorbable 可吸收的absorbance 吸收率absorbate 被吸收物absorbed costing 归纳成本法absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbed film 吸附膜absorbed gas 吸收气absorbed layer 吸收层absorbed water 吸收水absorbed?瞚n?瞗racture energy 冲击韧性absorbence =absorbency 吸收率absorbent agent 吸收剂absorbent carbon 活性碳absorbent charcoal 活性炭absorbent cotton 脱脂棉absorbent formation 渗漏地层absorbent ground 渗漏地层absorbent oil 吸收油absorbent paper 吸水纸absorbent powder 粉状吸收剂absorbent 吸收剂；吸收体；有吸收能力的absorber 吸收器absorbing agent 吸收剂absorbing capacity 吸收能力absorbing curtain 吸收挡板absorbing econometer 吸收式二氧化碳分析器absorbing pipette 气体吸收量管absorbing resistor 吸收电阻absorbing well 吸水井absorbing 减震absorbite 活性碳absorptance 吸收比absorptiometer 吸收比色计；液体吸气计；调液厚器absorptiometry 吸收测量学absorption band 吸收带absorption border 融蚀边缘absorption bottle 吸收瓶absorption capacity 吸收能力absorption capture 俘获吸收absorption chamber 吸收室；填料塔absorption chromatography 吸收色谱法absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption color 吸收色absorption column 吸收柱absorption constant 吸收常数absorption costing 全部成本法absorption cross?瞫ection 吸收截面absorption decay time 吸收衰减时间absorption dispersion pair 吸收波散对absorption edge 吸收限absorption effect 吸收效应absorption factor 吸收系数；吸收因素absorption frequency 吸收频率absorption gasoline 吸收汽油absorption impurity 吸收杂质absorption index 吸收系数absorption jump 吸收跃迁absorption law 吸收律absorption layer 吸收层absorption length 吸收长度absorption lifetime 吸收寿期absorption line 吸收线absorption loss 吸收损失absorption oil 吸收油absorption plant 吸收装置absorption power 吸收能力absorption probability 吸收概率absorption profile 吸收剖面absorption pyrometer 吸收式光学高温计absorption rate 吸收率absorption ratio 吸收系数absorption reaction 吸收反应absorption refrigerating machine 吸收致冷机absorption refrigeration 吸收致冷absorption spectrometry 吸收光谱测定法absorption spectroscopy 吸收光谱法absorption spectrum 吸收光谱absorption surface 吸收面absorption test 吸收试验absorption thickness 吸收厚度absorption tower 吸收塔absorption well 漏失井absorption 吸收；专注absorption?瞕iffraction analysis 吸收衍射分析absorption?瞕ispersion property 吸收?财瞪⑿灾? absorptive character 吸收性能absorptive?瞭ype filter 吸收型过滤器absorptivity 吸收能力absrn. 吸收abst. 摘要abstention 戒除；弃权abstergent 洗净剂；去污的abstract code 抽象代码abstract function 抽象函数abstract model 抽象模型abstract of tittle 证明土地拥有权各种证件的简要汇集本abstract 抽象；摘要abstraction of heat 减热abstraction 概括abstracts 文摘absurdity 不合理；谬论abt 约abtragung 剥蚀作用Abukuma type facies series 阿武隈型相系abundance anomaly 丰度变异abundance measurement 丰度测定；分布量测定abundance pattern 丰度模式abundance range 丰度量程abundance ratio 丰度比abundance sensitivity 丰度灵敏度abundance zone 富集带abundance 丰富；丰度abundant product 长线产品abundant 丰富的abuse 滥用；违反操作规程abut 邻接abutment crane 高座起重机abutment joint 对接接头abutment piece 桥台；支座abutment pier 岸墩；墩式桥台abutment pressure 支座压力abutment ring 连接环abutment span 近岸跨abutment 邻接abutting joint 对接接头石油英语词汇2C & F price 成本加运费价C & K line 阻流及压井管线C to C 中心距C to E 中心到端面的距离C 常数C 大卡c 电导C 电流c 电路C 电容C 电容量C 电容器c 分C 剪切系数c 卡c 克拉C 库仑c 厘c 链C 罗马数字100；C语言C 浓度C 摄氏C 石炭系C 世纪C 顺时针方向C 碳C 系数c 压缩系数c 岩心c 阴极c 圆周c 中心C 中心的C 中心距c 周c 烛光C 字符C&W 循环并加重C-band C 波段C-battery 栅极电池组C-bias detector 栅偏压检波器C-bias 栅偏压C-C 碳-碳键c-c 中心距C-clamp C形夹C-H 碳-氢键C-O 切断c-slot C型槽C-washer C形垫圈C-wave 耦合波C. A.D. 见单付现C. 百C. 充电c. 大约C. 电池C. 节流器C. 库仑C. 立方C. 摄氏C. 摄氏温标C. 摄氏温度计C. 系数C. 阴极C. 烛光C.B.D. 交货前付款c.c.d 因果图c.d. 电流密度c.d. 跨距c.d. 完工日期C.D.F. 累积分布函数C.E. 着力点C.E.R.C. 协调设备研究委员会C.G.(centre of gravity〕重心C.G.S. 厘米-克-秒C.G.S.E. system CGSE单位制C.I.P. 注水泥完毕C.I.S. 独联体C.M. 晚碳世煤系C.P.D. 每日成本C.T. 比较温度c.u. 俘获单位C4 fraction 碳4馏份ca 大约ca 电缆总成Ca 钙CA 进位CA 链CA 往来帐户；活期存款帐户CA 压缩空气Ca-montmorillonite 钙蒙脱石Ca-rich protodolomite 富钙原白云岩caaguazu 赤道多雨低平原cab wiring 测井仪器车布线cab 司机室cabane 机翼顶架cabbage head 连杆轴承；游梁-主曲轴连杆轴承cabbage-leaf cast 菜叶状铸型cabbage-leaf mark 菜叶状流痕cabin de luxe 特等舱cabin lights 汽车内部灯光cabin paint 船舱漆cabin plan 舱室布置图cabin store 客舱用品库cabin 小室cabinet drier 干燥箱cabinet edition 中型版cabinet heating 柜式供暖cabinet panel 配电盘cabinet screwdriver 小螺钉刀cabinet 柜cabinet-type governor 箱式调速器cable address 电报挂号cable area 海底电缆区cable armor 电缆外皮；电缆铠装cable assembly 电缆组合cable backbone 电缆主干cable bit 绳式顿钻钻头cable bond 电缆接头cable box 电缆箱cable brace 钢索拉筋；绷绳cable brake 索闸cable buoy 电缆浮标cable car 缆车cable chain 锚链cable charges 电报费cable clamp 钢丝绳夹cable communication system 电缆通信系统cable compass 电缆罗盘cable compound 电缆油cable conductor 缆芯cable conduit 电缆管道cable configuration 电缆结构形状cable continuity 电缆通断情况cable core tube assembly 绳索取心装置cable core 绳芯cable cutter 钢丝绳割刀cable depth 电缆深度cable drift 电缆漂移cable drilling 顿钻钻进cable drum 电缆盘cable duct 电缆槽cable error monitor system 电缆误差监控系统cable feathering angle 电缆水平偏转角cable ferrule 电缆套圈cable fill 电缆占用率cable fishing tool 顿钻打捞工具cable gland 电缆压盖cable grip 电缆夹cable guide 缆索导向器cable hanger 钢丝绳吊架cable head 电缆终端盒cable inlet 电缆入口cable input plug 电缆输入接头cable interface module 电缆接口模块cable jerk 电缆牵动cable joint 电缆接头cable kinking 电缆扭结cable layer 海底电缆敷设船cable laying ship 海底电缆敷设船cable layout 电缆布置图；排列cable length 排列长度cable line 电缆线路cable loop 绳扣cable lug 电缆端衔套cable mark detector 电缆记号探测器cable noise 电缆噪声cable oil 钢丝绳油cable pack-off 电缆头密封cable reel 电缆滚筒cable restraint 电缆限制器cable rig 顿钻钻机cable ringing 电缆缠绕cable sheave bracket 钢丝绳轮支架cable ship 海底电缆敷设船cable slack 电缆松弛cable slide 缆索滑车cable socket 绳帽cable speed panel 电缆速度面板cable speed 电缆速度cable splice 电缆接头cable strum 拖缆振动cable suspended pumping system 绳式悬载抽油系统cable tailbuoy readings 电缆尾部浮标读数cable tank 电缆舱cable telemetry system 电缆遥测系统cable television 电缆电视cable tool barrel 顿钻捞筒cable tool bit 顿钻钻头cable tool coring 顿钻取心cable tool drilling 顿钻钻井cable tool hole 顿钻钻的井眼cable tool jack 顿钻千斤顶cable tool joint 顿钻接头cable tool rig 顿钻钻机cable tool underreamer 顿钻管下扩眼器cable tool wrench 顿钻大扳手cable tool 顿钻钻具cable trajectory 缆索轨线cable transmission system 电缆传输系统cable tube 电缆管cable velocity 电缆速度cable vibration 电缆振动cable wave 电缆波cable wheel 锚链轮cable winch 电缆绞车cable work 钢丝绳绞车cable 链；缆cable's length 链cable-dump truck 索式自卸卡车cable-guide method 钢丝绳导向法cable-laid rope 钢丝绳cablebreak 电缆波cablegram 海底电报cablehead end 电缆头终端cablehead overshot 绳帽打捞筒cablehead 电缆头cablese 电报用语cableway 索道cabling 敷设电缆cabochon 圆顶无刻面宝石cabotage 沿海航行CAC 现购自运cache bandwidth 高速缓存带宽cache coherence 高速缓存相干cache directory 高速缓存目录cache hit 高速缓存命中cache memory 高速缓冲存储器cache miss 高速缓存未中cache organization 高速缓存机构cache placement policy 高速缓存布局策略cache 贮藏处；高速缓冲存储器；贮藏cacodyl 卡可基Cacops 巨头螈属Cactograptus 荆棘笔石属CAD 合同签定日期CAD 环行声波测井仪CAD 计算机辅助设计cadalene 卡达烯；4-异丙基-1cadastral map 地籍图cadastral survey 地籍测量cadastre 地籍图CADD 计算机辅助设计与制图CADDS 计算机辅助定向钻井系统CADE 计算机辅助数据入口cadence 调子cadinane 杜松烷cadinene 杜松烯cadmium 2-ethylhexoate 2-乙基已酸镉cadmium filter 镉过滤器cadmium plated steel 镀镉钢cadmium shield 镉屏蔽cadmium 镉Cadomian Orogeny 卡多姆造山运动cadre 干部；架子；骨干CAE 计算机辅助教育Caen stone 米黄色石灰岩Caenozoic era 新生代Caenozoic 新生代的Caerfaian 克尔菲群caesium iodide 碘化铯caesium 铯CAF 货价加运价cafeteria 自助食堂caffeine 咖啡碱cage adapter 外壳连接器；深井泵罩的接头cage antenna 笼形天线cage assembly 外壳总成cage circuit 网格电路cage construction 骨架构造cage positioned ball valve 笼式定位球调节阀cage shooting 笼中爆炸法cage 笼cager 司罐工caging 制动Cagniard apparent resistivity 卡格尼亚德视电阻率Cagniard impedance 卡格尼亚德阻抗CaH 钙硬度Cahemolith 腐殖煤CAI 计算机辅助教学CAI 计算机辅助解释CAI 色变指数Cainozoic era 新生代Cainozoic group 新生界Cainozoic =Cenozoiccaisson foundation 沉箱基础caisson method 沉箱法caisson platform 沉箱型平台caisson quay-wall 沉箱岸壁caisson 沉箱cajuelite 金红石cake consistency 泥饼致密度cake permeability 泥饼渗透性cake porosity 泥饼孔隙度cake thickness 泥饼厚度cake 滤饼caking coal 粘结性煤caking 结块CAL 会话式代数语言CAL 井径曲线Cal 卡cal 口径CAL 连续衰减测井Cal 千克-卡CAL 套管异常定位器CAL 校准；标定；定分度CAL 校准器Calabrian 卡拉布里亚阶Calaisian phase 加拉西期calaite 绿松石calamenene 卡拉烯calamine 异极矿；菱锌矿；羟碳锌石calamite 绿透闪石calamity 灾难calander 砑光机calandria 排管式；排管式堆容器；蛇管冷却器calaverite 碲金矿calc spar 方解石calc- 石灰calc-alkali basalt 钙碱性玄武岩calc-alkali gabbro 钙碱辉长岩calc-alkali granite 钙碱花岗岩calc-alkali magma 钙碱性岩浆calc-alkalic rock series 钙碱性岩系calc-aluminosilicate rock 钙铝硅酸盐岩calc-sapropel 钙藻腐泥calc-schist 钙质片岩calc-silicate hornfels 钙质硅酸盐角岩calc-silicate rock 钙质硅酸盐岩calc-sinter 钙华calc-tufa 石灰华calc. 计算Calc. 计算的calcar 熔炉Calcarea 钙质海绵纲calcarenaceous orthoquartzite 钙质沉积石英岩calcarenaceous sandstone 钙屑砂岩calcarenaceous 钙质砂屑的calcarenite 砂屑石灰岩calcarenitic facies 钙屑沉积相calcarenitic limestone 含砂屑石灰岩calcarenyte 砂屑石灰岩calcareobarite 钙重晶石calcareous alga 钙藻calcareous cement 钙质胶结物；水硬石灰calcareous chert 钙质燧石calcareous clay 钙质粘土calcareous dolomite 钙质白云岩calcareous dolostone 钙质白云岩calcareous facies 钙质相calcareous green algae 钙质绿藻calcareous grit 钙质粗砂岩calcareous marl 灰质泥灰岩calcareous microfossil 钙质微体化石calcareous nanoplankton 钙质微型浮游生物calcareous ooid 钙质鲕粒calcareous ooze 钙质软泥calcareous rock 灰岩calcareous sandstone 灰质砂岩calcareous schist 钙质片岩calcareous shale 灰质页岩calcareous shell 钙质介壳calcareous silicate rock 钙质硅酸盐岩calcareous silt 钙质粉砂calcareous skeleton 钙质骨骼calcareous spar 方解石calcareous tufa 石灰华calcareous 石灰质的calcarinate 钙质胶结calcarneyte 钙质碎屑岩calcd 计算的calcedony 玉髓calces celx的复数calci amphiboles 钙角闪石类calcian dolomite 钙质白云岩calcibreccia 钙质角砾岩calcic rock series 钙性岩系calcic rock 钙性岩calcic 钙的Calcicalathina 钙兰石calciclase 钙长石calciclasitite 钙长岩calciclastic 碎屑碳酸盐岩的calcicrete 灰质结砾岩calciferous 含碳酸钙的calcific 钙化的calcification 钙化calcify 钙化calcilith 钙质岩calcilization 方解石化calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩calcimangite 锰方解石calcimeter 碳酸计；石灰测定器calcimetry 碳酸盐含量测定法calcimicrite 钙质微晶灰岩calcimine 石灰浆calcimorphic soil 钙成土calcinate 煅烧；煅烧产物calcination loss 灼烧损失calcination 煅烧E & ST 适用性试验E by N 东偏北E by S 东偏南E long 东经e 弹性e 当量E 地；接地；地线e 电子E 东E 恩氏度E 工程E 空E 能e 偏心度E 气体膨胀系数e 误差e 效率E 早第三纪；下第三系e 自然对数的底E&P 勘探及生产E-field ratio telluric method 大地电流场比法E-H tee 超高频T形接头E-layer E电离层E-log 电测井E-mail 电子信箱E-phase method 电场相位法E-Z tree 简易树e.a. 弹性轴E.B.B. 最高质量e.c. 漆包线e.c.d.r. 外部临界阻尼电阻e.r 在途中e.r. 蒸发率e.s. 接地开关E.S. 静电的e.s. 静电学e.s.c.g.s 厘米-克-秒静电制单位E.S.D 超硬铝E.S.H.P 总有效马力E.U. 能量单位E.U. 熵单位Ea 地；接地；地线ea 每EAC 接触放电加工EAC 循环进位EAD 放电涂覆处理EAE 扩展的运算单元EAEG 欧洲地球物理勘探工作者协会EAG 电磁波传播衰减增益eagle 鹰；鹰金元eaglestone 鹰石EAM 电子记帐机EAPG 欧洲石油地学家和工程师协会EAPG 欧洲石油地质学家协会ear muffs 护耳套；耳机上防噪橡皮护圈ear plugs 耳塞ear protectors 护耳器ear sensitivity 听觉灵敏度ear 耳；耳柄；耳状物；吊环earing 出耳子；形成花边Earlachitina 厄尔几丁虫属Earlougher type curve 埃洛弗尔解释图版early breakthrough 早期突破early detection 早期检测early development 早期开发early diagenesis 早期成岩作用early event time 事件最早时间early failure 过早损坏；早期失效early field life 油田开发初期early finish date 最早结束时刻early pressure information 测压早期资料early pressure maintenance scheme 早期保持压力方案early production period 开采初期early production system 早期开采系统early sand control 早期防砂early setting cement 快凝水泥early simulation 早期模拟early stage 早期early start 最早开始early strength concrete 早强混凝土early strength 初期强度early time data 早期数据early time treatment 早期处理early transient regime 早期不稳定阶段early warning rada 预警雷达early warning 早期报警early water breakthrough 早期见水early 早先的early-stage waterflooding 早期注水early-time portion 早期段earmark 记号；打上记号earn 挣得earnest money 定金earnest 热心；真实；认真的；真挚的earning block 获利区块earning per share 每股收益earning performance 盈利状况earning power 收益能力；赚钱能力earning rate 收益率earning well 收益井earning 赚；所得earnings statement 收益表EAROM 电改写只读存储器earphone unit 头带受话机earphone 耳机earpiece 耳机earshot 听力范围earth acceleration 重力加速度earth albedo 地球反照率earth alkali metal 碱土金属earth anchor 地锚earth anchorage 地锚固定earth attraction 地球引力earth auger 土螺旋钻earth axis 地轴earth bar 接地棒earth bearing strength 地耐力earth bus 接地母线earth cable 接地电缆earth capacitance 对地电容earth circuit 接地电路earth clamp 接地夹earth coal 土褐煤earth color 矿物颜料earth conductivity 大地电导率earth connection 接地earth contraction 地球收缩earth coordinates 大地坐标系earth core 地核earth coupling 大地耦合earth crust 地壳earth current 大地电流earth curvature 地球曲率earth curve 地壳弯曲earth ditch 土沟earth dynamics 地球动力学earth electric field 地电场earth electricity 地电earth electrode 接地电极earth ellipsoid 地球椭圆体earth embankment lay pipe 土堤敷设管线earth embankment 土堤earth evolution model 地球演化模式earth excavation 挖土方earth exploration satellite 地球勘测卫星earth fall 土塌earth fault 接地故障earth fill 填土方earth filling 填土处理earth flow 泥流earth grabbing bucket 抓斗earth gravitational model 地球重力模型earth gravity field 地球重力场earth history 地史学earth holography 大地全息摄影术earth inductor 地磁感应器earth interior 地球内部earth lead 接地导线earth leakage 接地漏电earth magnetic effect 地磁场影响earth magnetic field 地磁场earth magnetism 地磁earth mantle 地幔earth medium 大地介质earth movement 地壳运动earth nucleus 地核Earth observation satellite 地球观测卫星earth orbital imagery 地球轨道成象earth orbital operation 绕地球轨道运行earth pad 土基earth pillar 土柱earth pitch 软沥青earth plate 接地板earth potential 地电位earth pressure 土压earth pulsation 地壳脉动earth radiation 大地辐射earth rammer 夯土机earth resistance 接地电阻；土抗力earth resources information 地球资源信息earth resources observation system 地球资源观测系统earth resources technology satellite 地球资源技术卫星earth resources terrestrial satellite 地球资源卫星earth resources test satellite 地球资源试验卫星earth resources 地球资源earth respone function 地响应函数earth return circuit 接地回线earth return 接地回线earth revolution 地球公转earth rotation 地球自转earth satellite vehicle 地球卫星运载火箭earth satellite 地球卫星earth science 地学earth screw 取土样的麻花钻earth shaking 极其重大的earth shell 地壳earth shield 接地屏蔽earth shock 地震earth silicon 硅石earth slide 滑坡earth station 地面站earth storage 土油池earth strain 地应变earth stress 地应力earth surface 地面earth switch 接地开关earth temperature 地温earth terminal 接地端子earth terrain camera 地表摄象机earth test 接地试验earth tester 接地电阻测试器earth thermometer 地温计earth tide correction 固体潮校正earth tide effect 固体潮效应earth tide gravimeter 固体潮重力仪earth tide perturbation 固体潮摄动earth tide table 固体潮值表earth tide 固体潮earth transmission characteristics 地层透射特性earth tremor 地颤；地震预兆earth tripolite 硅藻土earth wave 地波earth wax 地蜡earth zone 地球带earth 地earth's compliance factor 地球顺从系数earth's magnetic dip angle 地磁倾角earth's magnetic field 地磁场earth's magnetism 地磁earth's shadow 地球阴影earth's sphere 地球earth's spheroid 地球椭球体earth's spin vector 地球自转矢量earth-air current 大地-大气电流earth-attenuation 地层衰减earth-baseplate resonance 地面-底板共振earth-creep 土滑earth-filled bag 土袋earth-filtering effect 地层滤波效应earth-forming element 构成地球的元素earth-ionosphere waveguide 地-电离层波导earth-leakage protection 接地漏电保护earth-loss 地层损耗earth-magnetic navigation 地磁导航earth-orbital photography 地球轨道摄影术earth-orbiting satellite 地球轨道卫星earth-probing radar 地质探测雷达earth-resistivity 地电阻率earth-scraper 铲土机earth-shift 地层移动earthenware pipe 瓦管earthenware 陶器earthern pit 土质泥浆池earthing cable 接地电缆earthing device 接地装置earthing wire 地线earthing 接地earthly heat 地热earthly 地球的earthmover 土方机械；大型挖土机earthmoving equipment 运土机earthmoving 运土earthometer 兆欧计earthquake acceleration 地震加速度earthquake centre 震中earthquake counter measure 防震措施earthquake country 震区earthquake depth 震源深度earthquake epicenter 震中earthquake focus 震源earthquake intensity 地震烈度earthquake origin 震源earthquake period 地震周期earthquake precursors 地震前兆earthquake prediction 地震预报earthquake proof construction 防震建筑earthquake record 地震记录earthquake region 震区earthquake scale 地震震级earthquake seismology 天然地震学earthquake strength 地震强度earthquake wave 地震波earthquake 天然地震earthquake-resistant 抗震的earthrise 地出earthwork 土方工程；土工；土方earthy bauxite 土状铝土矿earthy element 土族元素earthy material 泥质材料earthy spring 泥泉earthy water 硬水easamatic 简易自动式的。
常用分析化学专业英语词汇
常用分析化学专业英语词汇absorbance 吸光度absorbent 吸附剂absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption peak 吸收峰absorptivity 吸收系数accident error 偶然误差accuracy 准确度acid-base titration 酸碱滴定acidic effective coefficient 酸效应系数acidic effective curve 酸效应曲线acidity constant 酸度常数activity 活度activity coefficient 活度系数adsorption 吸附adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂affinity 亲和力aging 陈化amorphous precipitate 无定形沉淀amphiprotic solvent 两性溶剂amphoteric substance 两性物质amplification reaction 放大反应analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical concentration 分析浓度analytical reagent (AR) 分析试剂apparent formation constant 表观形成常数aqueous phase 水相argentimetry 银量法ashing 灰化atomic spectrum 原子光谱autoprotolysis constant 质子自递常数auxochrome group 助色团back extraction 反萃取band spectrum 带状光谱bandwidth 带宽bathochromic shift 红移blank 空白blocking of indicator 指示剂的封闭bromometry 溴量法buffer capacity 缓冲容量buffer solution 缓冲溶液burette 滴定管calconcarboxylic acid 钙指示剂calibrated curve 校准曲线calibration 校准catalyzed reaction 催化反应cerimetry 铈量法charge balance 电荷平衡chelate 螯合物chelate extraction 螯合物萃取chemical analysis 化学分析chemical factor 化学因素chemically pure 化学纯chromatography 色谱法chromophoric group 发色团coefficient of variation 变异系数color reagent 显色剂color transition point 颜色转变点colorimeter 比色计colorimetry 比色法column chromatography 柱色谱complementary color 互补色complex 络合物complexation 络合反应complexometry complexometric titration 络合滴定法complexone 氨羧络合剂concentration constant 浓度常数conditional extraction constant 条件萃取常数conditional formation coefficient 条件形成常数conditional potential 条件电位conditional solubility product 条件溶度积confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对constant weight 恒量contamination 沾污continuous extraction 连续萃取continuous spectrum 连续光谱coprecipitation 共沉淀correction 校正correlation coefficient 相关系数crucible 坩埚crystalline precipitate 晶形沉淀cumulative constant 累积常数curdy precipitate 凝乳状沉淀degree of freedom 自由度demasking 解蔽derivative spectrum 导数光谱desiccant; drying agent 干燥剂desiccator 保干器determinate error 可测误差deuterium lamp 氘灯deviation 偏差deviation average 平均偏差dibasic acid 二元酸dichloro fluorescein 二氯荧光黄dichromate titration 重铬酸钾法dielectric constant 介电常数differential spectrophotometry 示差光度法differentiating effect 区分效应dispersion 色散dissociation constant 离解常数distillation 蒸馏distribution coefficient 分配系数distribution diagram 分布图distribution ratio 分配比double beam spectrophotometer 双光束分光光度计dual-pan balance 双盘天平dual-wavelength spectrophotometry 双波长分光光度法electronic balance 电子天平electrophoresis 电泳eluent 淋洗剂end point 终点end point error 终点误差enrichment 富集eosin 曙红equilibrium concentration 平衡浓度equimolar series method 等摩尔系列法Erelenmeyer flask 锥形瓶eriochrome black T (EBT) 铬黑T error 误差ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 乙二胺四乙酸evaporation dish 蒸发皿exchange capacity 交换容量extent of crosslinking 交联度extraction constant 萃取常数extraction rate 萃取率extraction spectrphotometric method 萃取光度法Fajans method 法杨斯法ferroin 邻二氮菲亚铁离子filter 漏斗filter 滤光片filter paper 滤纸filtration 过滤fluex 溶剂fluorescein 荧光黄flusion 熔融formation constant 形成常数frequency 频率frequency density 频率密度frequency distribution 频率分布gas chromatography (GC) 气相色谱grating 光栅gravimetric factor 重量因素gravimetry 重量分析guarantee reagent (GR) 保证试剂high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 高效液相色谱histogram 直方图homogeneous precipitation 均相沉淀hydrogen lamp 氢灯hypochromic shift 紫移ignition 灼烧indicator 指示剂induced reaction 诱导反应inert solvent 惰性溶剂instability constant 不稳定常数instrumental analysis 仪器分析intrinsic acidity 固有酸度intrinsic basicity 固有碱度intrinsic solubility 固有溶解度iodimetry 碘滴定法iodine-tungsten lamp 碘钨灯iodometry 滴定碘法ion association extraction 离子缔合物萃取ion chromatography (IC) 离子色谱ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ionic strength 离子强度isoabsorptive point 等吸收点Karl Fisher titration 卡尔•费歇尔法Kjeldahl determination 凯氏定氮法Lambert-Beer law 朗泊-比尔定律leveling effect 拉平效应ligand 配位体light source 光源line spectrum 线状光谱linear regression 线性回归liquid chromatography (LC) 液相色谱macro analysis 常量分析masking 掩蔽masking index 掩蔽指数mass balance 物料平衡matallochromic indicator 金属指示剂maximum absorption 最大吸收mean, average 平均值measured value 测量值measuring cylinder 量筒measuring pipette 吸量管median 中位数mercurimetry 汞量法mercury lamp 汞灯mesh [筛]目methyl orange (MO) 甲基橙methyl red (MR) 甲基红micro analysis 微量分析mixed constant 混合常数mixed crystal 混晶mixed indicator 混合指示剂mobile phase 流动相Mohr method 莫尔法molar absorptivity 摩尔吸收系数mole ratio method 摩尔比法molecular spectrum 分子光谱monoacid 一元酸monochromatic color 单色光monochromator 单色器neutral solvent 中性溶剂neutralization 中和non-aqueous titration 非水滴定normal distribution 正态分布occlusion 包藏organic phase 有机相ossification of indicator 指示剂的僵化outlier 离群值oven 烘箱paper chromatography(PC) 纸色谱parallel determination 平行测定path lenth 光程permanganate titration 高锰酸钾法phase ratio 相比phenolphthalein (PP) 酚酞photocell 光电池photoelectric colorimeter 光电比色计photometric titration 光度滴定法photomultiplier 光电倍增管phototube 光电管pipette 移液管polar solvent 极性溶剂polyprotic acid 多元酸population 总体postprecipitation 后沉淀precipitant 沉淀剂precipitation form 沉淀形precipitation titration 沉淀滴定法precision 精密度preconcentration 预富集predominance-area diagram 优势区域图primary standard 基准物质prism 棱镜probability 概率proton 质子proton condition 质子条件protonation 质子化protonation constant 质子化常数purity 纯度qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析quartering 四分法random error 随机误差range 全距(极差)reagent blank 试剂空白Reagent bottle 试剂瓶recording spectrophotometer 自动记录式分光光度计recovery 回收率redox indicator 氧化还原指示剂redox titration 氧化还原滴定referee analysis 仲裁分析reference level 参考水平reference material (RM) 标准物质reference solution 参比溶液relative error 相对误差resolution 分辨力rider 游码routine analysis 常规分析sample 样本,样品sampling 取样self indicator 自身指示剂semimicro analysis 半微量分析separation 分离separation factor 分离因数side reaction coefficient 副反应系数significance test 显著性检验significant figure 有效数字simultaneous determination of multiponents 多组分同时测定single beam spectrophotometer 单光束分光光度计single-pan balance 单盘天平slit 狭缝sodium diphenylamine sulfonate 二苯胺磺酸钠solubility product 溶度积solvent extraction 溶剂萃取species 型体(物种)specific extinction coefficient 比消光系数spectral analysis 光谱分析spectrophotometer 分光光度计spectrophotometry 分光光度法stability constant 稳定常数standard curve 标准曲线standard deviation 标准偏差standard potential 标准电位standard series method 标准系列法standard solution 标准溶液standardization 标定starch 淀粉stationary phase 固定相steam bath 蒸气浴stepwise stability constant 逐级稳定常数stoichiometric point 化学计量点structure analysis 结构分析supersaturation 过饱和systematic error 系统误差test solution 试液thermodynamic constant 热力学常数thin layer chromatography (TLC) 薄层色谱titrand 被滴物titrant 滴定剂titration 滴定titration constant 滴定常数titration curve 滴定曲线titration error 滴定误差titration index 滴定指数titration jump 滴定突跃titrimetry 滴定分析trace analysis 痕量分析transition interval 变色间隔transmittance 透射比tri acid 三元酸true value 真值tungsten lamp 钨灯ultratrace analysis 超痕量分析UV-VIS spectrophotometry 紫外-可见分光光度法volatilization 挥发Volhard method 福尔哈德法volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetry 容量分析Wash bottle 洗瓶washings 洗液water bath 水浴weighing bottle 称量瓶weighting form 称量形weights 砝码working curve 工作曲线xylenol orange (XO) 二甲酚橙zero level 零水平异步处理dispatch_async(dispatch_get_glo bal_queue(0, 0), ^{// 处理耗时操作的代码块... [self test1];//通知主线程刷新dispatch_async(dispatch_get_mai n_queue(), ^{//或者说是通知主线程刷新，NSLog(............);});。
斯仑贝谢所有测井曲线英文名称
斯仑贝谢所有测井曲线英文名称斯仑贝谢所有测井曲线英文名称OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRO NYMS USED FOR WIRELINE SCHLUMBERGER TOOLSACT Alumi num Clay ToolAMS Auxiliary Measureme nt SondeAPS Accelerator Porosity SondeARI Azimuthal Resistivity ImagerASI Array Son ic ImagerBGKT Vertical Seismic Profile ToolBHC Borehole Compe nsated Sonic Tool BHTV Borehole TeleviewerCBL Casi ng Bond LogCNT Compe nsated Neutron ToolDIT Dual In duction ToolDLL Dual LaterologDSI Dipole Son ic ImagerFMS Formati on MicroSca nnerGHMT Geologic High Resolution Mag netic Tool GPIT Gen eral Purpose In cli no meter ToolGR Natural Gamma RayGST In duced Gamma Ray Spectrometry Tool HLDS Hostile Environment Lithodensity Sonde HLDT Hostile En vir onment Lithode nsity Tool HNGS Hostile En vir onment Gamma Ray Sonde LDT Lithodensity ToolLSS Long Spac ing Sonic ToolMCD Mecha ni cal Caliper DeviceNGT Natural Gamma Ray Spectrometry Tool NMRT Nuclear Reso nance Mag netic Tool QSST In li ne Checkshot ToolSDT Digital Son ic ToolSGT Sc in tillatio n Gamma Ray ToolSUMT Susceptibility Mag netic ToolUBI Ultras onic Borehole ImagerVSI Vertical Seismic ImagerWST Well Seismic ToolWST-3 3-Compo nents Well Seismic Tool OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRO NYMS USED FOR LWD SCHLUMBERGER TOOLSADN Azimuthal Den sity-Neutro nCDN Compe nsated De nsity-Neutro nCDR Compe nsated Dual ResistivityISONIC Ideal Son ic-While-Drilli ngNMR Nuclear Mag netic Reso nanceRAB Resistivity-at-the-BitOCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRO NYMS USED FORNON-SCHLUMBERGER SPECIALT Y TOOLSMCS Multicha nnel Son ic ToolMGT Multise nsor Gamma ToolSST Shear Son ic ToolTAP Temperature-Acceleratio n-Pressure Tool TLT Temperature Loggi ng ToolOCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRO NYMS AND UNITS USED FORWIRELINE SCHLUMBERGER LOGSAFEC APS Far Detector Cou nts (cps)ANEC APS Near Detector Cou nts (cps)AX Accelerati on X Axis (ft/s2)AY Accelerati on Y Axis (ft/s2)AZ Accelerati on Z Axis (ft/s2)AZIM Con sta nt Azimuth for Deviation Correctio n (deg)APLC APS Near/Array Limest one Porosity Corrected (%)C1 FMS Caliper 1 (i n)C2 FMS Caliper 2 (in)CALI Caliper (in)CFEC Corrected Far Epithermal Counts (cps) CFTC Corrected Far Thermal Counts (cps) CGR Computed (Th+K) Gamma Ray (API un its) CHR2 Peak Cohere nee, Receiver Array, Upper DipoleCHRP Compressi onal Peak Cohere nee, Receiver Array, P&SCHRS Shear Peak Cohere nee, Receiver Array, P&SCHTP Compressi onal Peak Cohere nee,Tran smitter Array, P&SCHTS Shear Peak Cohere nee, Tran smitter Array, P&SCNEC Corrected Near Epithermal Cou nts (cps) CNTC Corrected Near Thermal Cou nts (cps) CS Cable Speed (m/hr)CVEL Compressional Velocity (km/s)DATN Discrimi nated Atte nu ation (db/m)DBI Discriminated Bond IndexDEVI Hole Deviati on (degrees)DF Drilli ng Force (lbf)DIFF Differe nee Betwee n MEAN and MEDIAN in Delta-Time Proc. (microsec/ft)DRH HLDS Bulk De nsity Correction (g/cm3) DRHO Bulk Density Correction (g/cm3)DT Short Spac ing Delta-Time (10'-8' spacing; microsec/ft)DT1 Delta-Time Shear, Lower Dipole (microsec/ft)DT2 Delta-Time Shear, Upper Dipole (microsec/ft)DT4P Delta- Time Compressi on al, P&S (microsec/ft)DT4S Delta- Time Shear, P&S (microsec/ft))DT1R Delta- Time Shear, Receiver Array, Lower Dipole (microsec/ft)DT2R Delta- Time Shear, Receiver Array,Upper Dipole (microsec/ft)DT1T Delta-Time Shear, Tran smitter Array, Lower Dipole (microsec/ft)DT2T Delta-Time Shear, Tran smitter Array, Upper Dipole (microsec/ft)DTCO Delta- Time Compressi onal (microsec/ft) DTL Long Spac ing Delta-Time (12'-10' spac ing; microsec/ft)DTLF Long Spaci ng Delta-Time (12'-10'spac ing; microsec/ft)DTLN Short Spac ing Delta-Time (10'-8' spaci ng; microsec/ftDTRP Delta-Time Compressi onal, Receiver Array, P&S (microsec/ft)DTRS Delta-Time Shear, Receiver Array, P&S (microsec/ft)DTSM Delta-Time Shear (microsec/ft)DTST Delta-Time Ston eley (microsec/ft)DTTP Delta-Time Compressi on al, Tran smitter Array, P&S (microsec/ft)DTTS Delta-Time Shear, Tran smitter Array,P&S (microsec/ft)ECGR En viro nmen tally Corrected Gamma Ray (API un its)EHGR En viro nmen tally Corrected High Resoluti on Gamma Ray (API un its)ENPH Epithermal Neutro n Porosity (%)ENRA Epithermal Neutro n RatioETIM Elapsed Time (sec)FINC Magnetic Field Inclination (degrees) FNOR Mag netic Field Total Mome nt (oersted) FX Mag netic Field on X Axis (oersted)FY Mag netic Field on Y Axis (oersted)FZ Magn etic Field on Z Axis (oersted)GR Natural Gamma Ray (API un its)HALC High Res. Near/Array Limest one Porosity Corrected (%)HAZI Hole Azimuth (degrees)HBDC High Res. Bulk Den sity Correctio n(g/cm3)HBHK HNGS Borehole Potassium (%)HCFT High Resoluti on Corrected Far Thermal Counts (cps)HCGR HNGS Computed Gamma Ray (APIun its)HCNT High Resolution Corrected Near Thermal Counts (cps)HDEB High Res. En ha need Bulk De nsity (g/cm3)HDRH High Resolution Den sity Correeti on (g/cm3)HFEC High Res. Far Detector Cou nts (cps) HFK HNGS Formation Potassium (%)HFLC High Res. Near/Far Limesto ne Porosity Corrected (%)HEGR En viro nmen tally Corrected High Resolution Natural Gamma Ray (API un its) HGR High Resolution Natural Gamma Ray (API un its)HLCA High Res. Caliper (inHLEF High Res. Lon g-spaced Photoelectric Effect (barns 尼-)HNEC High Res. Near Detector Cou nts (cps) HNPO High Resolution En ha need Thermal Nutron Porosity (%)HNRH High Resolution Bulk Density (g/cm3) HPEF High Resolution Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)HRHO High Resolution Bulk Density (g/cm3) HROM High Res. Corrected Bulk Density(g/cm3)HSGR HNGS Sta ndard (total) Gamma Ray (API un its)HSIG High Res. Formati on Capture Cross Secti on (capture un its)HSTO High Res. Computed Sta ndoff (in) HTHO HNGS Thorium (ppm)HTNP High Resolution Thermal Neutro n Porosity (%)HURA HNGS Ura nium (ppm)IDPH Phasor Deep In ducti on (ohmm)IIR Iron Indicator Ratio [CFE/(CCA+CSI)]ILD Deep Resistivity (ohmm)ILM Medium Resistivity (ohmm)IMPH Phasor Medium In duction (ohmm)ITT In tegrated Tran sit Time (s)LCAL HLDS Caliper (in)LIR Lithology In dicator Ratio [CSI/(CCA+CSI)] LLD Laterolog Deep (ohmm)LLS Laterolog Shallow (ohmm)LTT1 Tran sit Time (10： microsec)LTT2 Tran sit Time (8： microsec)LTT3 Tran sit Time (12： microsec)LTT4 Tran sit Time (10： microsec)MAGB Earth's Mag netic Field (n Tes)MAGC Earth Con ductivity (ppm)MAGS Magnetic Susceptibility (ppm)MEDIAN Media n Delta-T Recomputed (microsec/ft)MEAN Mean Delta-T Recomputed (microsec/ft)NATN Near Pseudo-Atte nuati on (db/m)NMST Mag netometer Temperature (degC)NMSV Mag netometer Sig nal Level (V)NPHI Neutron Porosity (%)NRHB LDS Bulk De nsity (g/cm3)P1AZ Pad 1 Azimuth (degrees)PEF Photoelectric Effect (barns 尼-)PEFL LDS Lon g-spaced Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)PIR Porosity In dicator Ratio [CH Y/(CCA+CSI)] POTA Potassium (%)RB Pad 1 Relative Beari ng (degrees)RHL LDS Lon g-spaced Bulk Den sity (g/cm3)RHOB Bulk De nsity (g/cm3)RHOM HLDS Corrected Bulk Den sity (g/cm3)RMGS Low Resolution Susceptibility (ppm)SFLU Spherically Focused Log (ohmm)SGR Total Gamma Ray (API un its)SIGF APS Formation Capture Cross Secti on (capture un its)SP Spontan eous Pote ntial (mV)STOF APS Computed Sta ndoff (in)SURT Receiver Coil Temperature (degC)SVEL Shear Velocity (km/s)SXRT NMRS differe ntial Temperature (degC) TENS Ten si on (lb)THOR Thorium (ppm)TNRA Thermal Neutro n RatioTT1 Tran sit Time (10' spac ing; microsec)TT2 Tran sit Time (8' spac ing; microsec)TT3 Tran sit Time (12' spac ing; microsec)TT4 Tran sit Time (10' spac ing; microsec) URAN Uran ium (ppm)V4P Compressio nal Velocity, from DT4P (P&S; km/s)V4S Shear Velocity, from DT4S (P&S; km/s)VELP Compressi onal Velocity (processed from waveforms; km/s)VELS Shear Velocity (processed from waveforms; km/s)VP1 Compressional Velocity, from DT, DTLN, or MEAN (km/s)VP2 Compressio nal Velocity, from DTL, DTLF, or MEDIAN (km/s)VCO Compressio nal Velocity, from DTCO (km/s) VS Shear Velocity, from DTSM (km/s)VS1 Shear Velocity, from DT1 (Lower Dipole;km/s)VST Ston ely Velocity, from DTST km/s)VS2 Shear Velocity, from DT2 (Upper Dipole;km/s)VRP Compressio nal Velocity, from DTRP (Receiver Array, P&S; km/s)VRS Shear Velocity, from DTRS (Receiver Array, P&S; km/s)VS1R Shear Velocity, from DT1R (Receiver Array, Lower Dipole; km/s)VS2R Shear Velocity, from DT2R (Receiver Array, Upper Dipole; km/s)VS1T Shear Velocity, from DT1T (Tra nsmitter Array, Lower Dipole; km/s)Array, Upper Dipole; km/s)VTP Compressio nal Velocity, from DTTP (Tra VS2T Shear Velocity, from DT2T (Tra nsmitternsmitter Array, P&S; km/s)VTS Shear Velocity, from DTTS (Tra nsmitter Array, P&S; km/s)#POINTS Number of Tran smitter-Receiver Pairs Used in Son ic Process ingW1NG NGT Win dow 1 cou nts (cps)W2NG NGT Win dow 2 cou nts (cps)W3NG NGT Win dow 3 cou nts (cps)W4NG NGT Win dow 4 cou nts (cps)W5NG NGT Win dow 5 cou nts (cps)OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRO NYMS AND UNITS USED FOR LWD SCHLUMBERGER LOGSAT1F Atte nuation Resistivity (1 ft resoluti on; ohmm)AT2F Attenuation Resistivity (2 ft resolution; ohmm)AT3F Attenuation Resistivity (3 ft resolution; ohmm)AT4F Attenuation Resistivity (4 ft resolution; ohmm)AT5F Attenuation Resistivity (5 ft resolution; ohmm)ATR Atte nu ati on Resistivity (deep; ohmm)BFV Bou nd Fluid Volume (%)B1TM RAB Shallow Resistivity Time after Bit (s)B2TM RAB Medium Resistivity Time after Bit (S)B3TM RAB Deep Resistivity Time after Bit (s) BDAV Deep Resistivity Average (ohmm)BMAV Medium Resistivity Average (ohmm) BSAV Shallow Resistivity Average (ohmm) CGR Computed (Th+K) Gamma Ray (API un its) DCAL Differential Caliper (in)DROR Correction for CDN rotational density(g/cm3).DRRT Correction for ADN rotational density(g/cm3).DTAB AND or CDN Den sity Time after Bit (hr) FFV Free Fluid Volume (%)GR Gamma Ray (API Uni ts)GR7 Sum Gamma Ray Win dowsGRW7+GRW8+GRW9-Equivale nt to Wireli ne NGT window 5 (cps)GRW3 Gamma Ray Win dow 3 cou nts (cps)-Equivale nt to Wireli ne NGT wi ndow 1GRW4 Gamma Ray Win dow 4 cou nts (cps)-Equivale nt to Wireli ne NGT wi ndow 2GRW5 Gamma Ray Win dow 5 cou nts (cps)-Equivale nt to Wireli ne NGT wi ndow 3GRW6 Gamma Ray Win dow 6 cou nts (cps)-Equivale nt to Wireli ne NGT wi ndow 4GRW7 Gamma Ray Win dow 7 cou nts (cps)GRW8 Gamma Ray Win dow 8 cou nts (cps)GRW9 Gamma Ray Win dow 9 cou nts (cps) GTIM CDR Gamma Ray Time after Bit (s) GRTK RAB Gamma Ray Time after Bit (s) HEF1 Far He Bank 1 counts (cps) HEF2 Far He Bank 2 counts (cps) HEF3 Far He Bank 3 counts (cps) HEF4 Far He Bank 4 counts (cps) HEN1 Near He Bank 1 coun ts (cps)HEN2 Near He Bank 2 counts (cps)HEN3 Near He Bank 3 counts (cps)HEN4 Near He Bank 4 counts (cps)MRP Magn etic Resonance PorosityNTAB ADN or CDN Neutro n Time after Bit (hr)PEF Photoelectric Effect (barns 尼-)POTA Potassium (%) ROPE Rate of Penetration (ft/hr)PS1F Phase Shift Resistivity (1 ft resoluti on; ohmm)PS2F Phase Shift Resistivity (2 ft resolutio n; ohmm)PS3F Phase Shift Resistivity (3 ft resolutio n; ohmm)PS4F Phase Shift Resistivity (4 ft resolution; ohmm)PS5F Phase Shift Resistivity (5 ft resolutio n; ohmm)PSR Phase Shift Resistivity (shallow; ohmm)RBIT Bit Resistivity (ohmm)RBTM RAB Resistivity Time After Bit (s)RING Ring Resistivity (ohmm)ROMT Max. Den sity Total (g/cm3) from rotati onal process ingROP Rate of Pen etratio n (m/hr)ROP1 Rate of Pen etrati on, average over last 1 ft (m/hr).R0P5 Rate of Pen etrati on, average over last 5 ft(m/hr)ROPE Rate of Pen etrati on, averaged over last 5 ft (ft/hr)RPM RAB Tool Rotatio n Speed (rpm)RTIM CDR or RAB Resistivity Time after Bit (hr)SGR Total Gamma Ray (API un its)T2 T2 Distribution (%)T2LM T2 Logarithmic Mea n (ms)THOR Thorium (ppm)TNPH Thermal Neutr on Porosity (%)TNRA Thermal RatioURAN Uran ium (ppm)OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM ADDITIONAL ACRO NYMS AND UNITS(PROCESSED LOGS FROM GEOCHEMICAL TOOL STRING)AL2O3 Computed AI2O3 (dry weight %)AL2O3MIN Computed Al2O3 Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)AL2O3MAX Computed Al2O3 Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)CAO Computed CaO (dry weight %)CAOMIN Computed CaO Sta ndard Deviatio n (dry weight %)CAOMAX Computed CaO Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)CACO3 Computed CaCO3 (dry weight %)CACO3MIN Computed CaCO3 Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)CACO3MAX Computed CaCO3 Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)CCA Calcium Y ield (decimal fractio n)CCHL Chlori ne Y ield (decimal fractio n)CFE Iron Yield (decimal fraction)CGD Gadoli nium Y ield (decimal fracti on)CHY Hydroge n Y ield (decimal fracti on)CK Potassium Y ield (decimal fractio n)CSI Silic on Y ield (decimal fractio n)CSIG Capture Cross Sectio n (capture un its) CSUL Sulfur Y ield (decimal fractio n)CTB Backgro und Y ield (decimal fractio n) CTI Tita nium Y ield (decimal fractio n)FACT Quality Con trol CurveFEO Computed FeO (dry weight %)FEOMIN Computed FeO Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)FEOMAX Computed FeO Sta ndard Deviation(dry weight %)FEO* Computed FeO* (dry weight %)FEO*MIN Computed FeO* Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)FEO*MAX Computed FeO* Sta ndardDeviati on (dry weight %)FE2O3 Computed Fe2O3 (dry weight %)FE2O3MIN Computed Fe2O3 Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)FE2O3MAX Computed Fe2O3 Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)GD Computed Gadoli nium (dry weight %)GDMIN Computed Gadoli nium Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)GDMAX Computed Gadoli nium Sta ndard Deviati on (dry weight %)K2O Computed K2O (dry weight %)K2OMIN Computed K2O Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)K2OMAX Computed K2O Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)MGO Computed MgO (dry weight %)MGOMIN Computed MgO Sta ndard Deviatio n (dry weight %)MGOMAX Computed MgO Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)S Computed Sulfur (dry weight %)SMIN Computed Sulfur Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)SMAX Computed Sulfur Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)SIO2 Computed SiO2 (dry weight %)SIO2MIN Computed SiO2 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)SIO2MAX Computed SiO2 Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)THORMIN Computed Thorium Sta ndard Deviati on (ppm)THORMAX Computed Thorium Sta ndard Deviati on (ppm)TIO2 Computed TiO2 (dry weight %)TI02MIN Computed TiO2 Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)TIO2MAX Computed TiO2 Sta ndard Deviation (dry weight %)URANMIN Computed Uranium Sta ndard Deviati on (ppm)URANMAX Computed Uran ium Sta ndard Deviati on (ppm)VARCA Variable CaCO3/CaO calciumcarb on ate/oxide factor。
中国天文学会天文学名词审定委员会第1-6批天文学名词的推荐译名
中国天⽂学会天⽂学名词审定委员会第1-6批天⽂学名词的推荐译名The 1st - 6th Drafts for the Chinese-Translation of Astronomical Terms recommanded byThe Astronomical Terminology Committee of the CASabsolute stability 绝对稳定性absorbing dust mass 致吸尘物质absorption trough 吸收槽abundance standard 丰度标准星accreting binary 吸积双星accretion column 吸积柱accretion flow 吸积流accretion mound 吸积堆accretion ring 吸积环accretion stream 吸积流acoustic mode 声模active binary 活动双星active chromosphere binary 活动⾊球双星active chromosphere star 活动⾊球星active optics 主动光学actuator 促动器Adams ring 亚当斯环adaptive optics ⾃适应光学additional perturbation 附加摄动AGB, asymptotic giant branch 渐近巨星⽀Alexis, Array of Low-Energy X-ray 〈阿列克希斯〉低能 X 射线Imaging Sensors 成象飞⾏器AM Herculis star 武仙 AM 型星amplitude spectrum 变幅谱angular elongation 距⾓anonymous galaxy 未名星系anonymous object 未名天体anti-jovian point 对⽊点annular-total eclipse 全环⾷aperture photometry 孔径测光APM, Automated Photographic Measuring 〈APM〉底⽚⾃动测量仪systemapoapse 远质⼼点apoapse distance 远质⼼距apogalacticon 远银⼼点apomartian 远⽕点apparent association 表观成协apparent luminosity function 视光度函数apparent superluminal motion 视超光速运动apsidal advance 拱线进动apsidal precession 拱线进动Arcturus group ⼤⾓星群area image sensor ⾯成象敏感器area photometry ⾯源测光area spectroscopy ⾯源分光argument of pericentre 近⼼点幅⾓ASCA, Advanced Satellite for Cosmology 〈ASCA〉宇宙学和天体物理学and Astrophysics ⾼新卫星asteroidal dynamics ⼩⾏星动⼒学asteroidal resonance ⼩⾏星共振asteroid family ⼩⾏星族asteroid-like object 类⼩⾏星天体asteroseismology 星震学astration 物质改造astroparticle physics 天⽂粒⼦物理学astrostatistics 天⽂统计学asymptotic branch 渐近⽀asymptotic branch giant 渐近⽀巨星atmospheric parameter ⼤⽓参数ATNT, Australia Telescope National 澳⼤利亚国⽴望远镜FacilityATT, Advanced Technology Telescope 〈ATT〉⾼新技术望远镜automated measuring machine 天⽂底⽚⾃动测量仪automatic photooelectric telescope ⾃动光电测光望远镜( APT )AXAF, Advanced X-ray Astrophysical ⾼新X射线天体物理台FacilityBaade's window 巴德窗Baade—Wesselink analysis 巴德—韦塞林克分析Baade—Wesselink mass 巴德—韦塞林克质量Baade—Wesselink method 巴德—韦塞林克⽅法Baade—Wesselink radius 巴德—韦塞林克半径background galaxy 背景星系Barnard's galaxy ( NGC 6822 ) 巴纳德星系barycentric dynamical time ( TDB ) 质⼼⼒学时Belinda 天卫⼗四Bianca 天卫⼋bidimensional spectrography ⼆维摄谱bidimensional spectroscopy ⼆维分光Big-Bang nucleosynthesis ⼤爆炸核合成binarity 成双性binary asteroid 双⼩⾏星binary flare star 耀变双星binary millisecond pulsar 毫秒脉冲双星binary protostar 原双星bioastronomy ⽣物天⽂学bipolar jet 双极喷流bipolar outflow 偶极外向流bipolar planetary nebula 双极⾏星状星云blazar 耀变体blazarlike activity 类耀活动blazarlike object 耀变体Black-eye galaxy ( M 64 ) ⿊眼星系BL Lacertae object 蝎虎天体BL Lacertid 蝎虎天体blue compact galaxy ( BCG ) 蓝致密星系blue straggler 蓝离散星bolometric albedo 热反照率bolometric light curve 全波光变曲线bolometric temperature 热温度Bootes void 牧夫巨洞bow-shock nebula ⼸形激波星云box photometry ⽅格测光broad-band imaging 宽波段成象broad-line radio galaxy ( BLRG ) 宽线射电星系buried channel CCD 埋沟型 CCDButterfly nebula 蝴蝶星云BY Draconis star 天龙 BY 型星BY Draconis variable 天龙 BY 型变星CAMC, Carlsberg Automatic Meridian 卡尔斯伯格⾃动⼦午环Circlecannibalism 吞⾷cannibalized galaxy 被吞星系cannibalizing galaxy 吞⾷星系cannibalizing of galaxies 星系吞⾷carbon dwarf 碳矮星Cassegrain spectrograph 卡焦摄谱仪Cassini 〈卡西尼〉⼟星探测器Cat's Eye nebula ( NGC 6543 ) 猫眼星云CCD astronomy CCD 天⽂学CCD camera CCD 照相机CCD photometry CCD 测光CCD spectrograph CCD 摄谱仪CCD spectrum CCD 光谱celestial clock 天体钟celestial mechanician 天体⼒学家celestial thermal background 天空热背景辐射celestial thermal background radiation 天空热背景辐射central overlap technique 中⼼重迭法Centaurus arm 半⼈马臂Cepheid distance 造⽗距离CFHT, Canada-Franch-Hawaii Telecope 〈CFHT〉望远镜CGRO, Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory 〈康普顿〉γ射线天⽂台chaos 混沌chaotic dynamics 混沌动⼒学chaotic layer 混沌层chaotic region 混沌区chemically peculiar star 化学特殊星Christmas Tree cluster ( NGC 2264 ) 圣诞树星团chromosphere-corona transition zone ⾊球-⽇冕过渡层chromospheric activity ⾊球活动chromospherically active banary ⾊球活动双星chromospherically active star ⾊球活动星chromospheric line ⾊球谱线chromospheric matirial ⾊球物质chromospheric spectrum ⾊球光谱CID, charge injected device CID、电荷注⼊器件circular solution 圆轨解circumnuclear star-formation 核周产星circumscribed halo 外接⽇晕circumstellar dust disk 星周尘盘circumstellar material 星周物质circumsystem material 双星周物质classical Algol system 经典⼤陵双星classical quasar 经典类星体classical R Coronae Borealis star 经典北冕 R 型星classical T Tauri star 经典⾦⽜ T 型星Clementine 〈克莱芒蒂娜〉环⽉测绘飞⾏器closure phase imaging 锁相成象cluster centre 团中⼼cluster galaxy 团星系COBE, Cosmic Background Explorer 宇宙背景探测器coded mask imaging 编码掩模成象coded mask telescope 编码掩模望远镜collapsing cloud 坍缩云cometary burst 彗暴cometary dynamics 彗星动⼒学cometary flare 彗耀cometary H Ⅱ region 彗状电离氢区cometary outburst 彗爆发cometary proplyd 彗状原⾏星盘comet shower 彗星⾬common proper-motion binary 共⾃⾏双星common proper-motion pair 共⾃⾏星对compact binary galaxy 致密双重星系compact cluster 致密星团; 致密星系团compact flare 致密耀斑composite diagram method 复合图法composite spectrum binary 复谱双星computational astrophysics 计算天体物理computational celestial mechanics 计算天体⼒学contact copying 接触复制contraction age 收缩年龄convective envelope 对流包层cooling flow 冷却流co-orbital satellite 共轨卫星coplanar orbits 共⾯轨道Copernicus 〈哥⽩尼〉卫星coprocessor 协处理器Cordelia 天卫六core-dominated quasar ( CDQ ) 核占优类星体coronal abundance 冕区丰度coronal activity 星冕活动、⽇冕活动coronal dividing line 冕区分界线coronal gas 星冕⽓体、⽇冕⽓体coronal green line 星冕绿线、⽇冕绿线coronal helmet 冕盔coronal magnetic energy 冕区磁能coronal red line 星冕红线、⽇冕红线cosmic abundance 宇宙丰度cosmic string 宇宙弦cosmic void 宇宙巨洞COSMOS 〈COSMOS〉底⽚⾃动测量仪C-O white dwarf 碳氧⽩矮星Cowling approximation 柯林近似Cowling mechnism 柯林机制Crescent nebula ( NGC 6888 ) 蛾眉⽉星云Cressida 天卫九critical equipotential lobe 临界等位瓣cross-correlation method 交叉相关法cross-correlation technique 交叉相关法cross disperser prism 横向⾊散棱镜crustal dynamics 星壳动⼒学cryogenic camera 致冷照相机cushion distortion 枕形畸变cut-off error 截断误差Cyclops project 〈独眼神〉计划D abundance 氘丰度Dactyl 艾卫dark halo 暗晕data acquisition 数据采集decline phase 下降阶段deep-field observation 深天区观测density arm 密度臂density profile 密度轮廓dereddening 红化改正Desdemona 天卫⼗destabiliizing effect 去稳效应dew shield 露罩diagonal mirror 对⾓镜diagnostic diagram 诊断图differential reddening 较差红化diffuse density 漫射密度diffuse dwarf 弥漫矮星系diffuse X-ray 弥漫 X 射线diffusion approximation 扩散近似digital optical sky survey 数字光学巡天digital sky survey 数字巡天disappearance 掩始cisconnection event 断尾事件dish 碟形天线disk globular cluster 盘族球状星团dispersion measure 频散量度dissector 析象管distance estimator 估距关系distribution parameter 分布参数disturbed galaxy 受扰星系disturbing galaxy 扰动星系Dobsonian mounting 多布森装置Dobsonian reflector 多布森反射望远镜Dobsonian telescope 多布森望远镜dominant galaxy 主星系double-mode cepheid 双模造⽗变星double-mode pulsator 双模脉动星double-mode RR Lyrae star 双模天琴 RR 型星double-ring galaxy 双环星系DQ Herculis star 武仙 DQ 型星dredge-up 上翻drift scanning 漂移扫描driving system 驱动系统dumbbell radio galaxy 哑铃状射电星系Du Pont Telescope 杜邦望远镜dust ring 尘环dwarf carbon star 碳矮星dwarf spheroidal 矮球状星系dwarf spheroidal galaxy 矮球状星系dwarf spiral 矮旋涡星系dwarf spiral galaxy 矮旋涡星系dynamical age 动⼒学年龄dynamical astronomy 动⼒天⽂dynamical evolution 动⼒学演化Eagle nebula ( M 16 ) 鹰状星云earty cluster 早型星系团early earth 早期地球early planet 早期⾏星early-stage star 演化早期星early stellar evolution 恒星早期演化early sun 早期太阳earth-approaching asteroid 近地⼩⾏星earth-approaching comet 近地彗星earth-approaching object 近地天体earth-crossing asteroid 越地⼩⾏星earth-crossing comet 越地彗星earth-crossing object 越地天体earth orientation parameter 地球定向参数earth rotation parameter 地球⾃转参数eccentric-disk model 偏⼼盘模型effect of relaxation 弛豫效应Egg nebula ( AFGL 2688 ) 蛋状星云electronographic photometry 电⼦照相测光elemental abundance 元素丰度elliptical 椭圆星系elliptical dwarf 椭圆矮星系emulated data 仿真数据emulation 仿真encounter-type orbit 交会型轨道enhanced network 增强络equatorial rotational velocity ⾚道⾃转速度equatorium ⾏星定位仪equipartition of kinetic energy 动能均分eruptive period 爆发周期Eskimo nebula ( NGC 2392 ) 爱斯基摩星云estimated accuracy 估计精度estimation theory 估计理论EUVE, Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer 〈EUVE〉极紫外探测器Exclamation Mark galaxy 惊叹号星系Exosat 〈Exosat〉欧洲 X 射线天⽂卫星extended Kalman filter 扩充卡尔曼滤波器extragalactic jet 河外喷流extragalactic radio astronomy 河外射电天⽂extrasolar planet 太阳系外⾏星extrasolar planetary system 太阳系外⾏星系extraterrestrial intelligence 地外智慧⽣物extreme helium star 极端氦星Fabry-Perot imaging spectrograph 法布⾥-珀罗成象摄谱仪Fabry-Perot interferometry 法布⾥-珀罗⼲涉测量Fabry-Perot spectrograph 法布⾥-珀罗摄谱仪face-on galaxy 正向星系face-on spiral 正向旋涡星系facility seeing ⼈为视宁度fall 见落陨星fast pulsar 快转脉冲星fat zero 胖零Fermi normal coordinate system 费⽶标准坐标系Fermi-Walker transportation 费⽶-沃克移动fibre spectroscopy 光纤分光field centre 场中⼼field galaxy 场星系field pulsar 场脉冲星filter photography 滤光⽚照相观测filter wheel 滤光⽚转盘find 发见陨星finder chart 证认图finderscope 寻星镜first-ascent giant branch 初升巨星⽀first giant branch 初升巨星⽀flare puff 耀斑喷焰flat field 平场flat field correction 平场改正flat fielding 平场处理flat-spectrum radio quasar 平谱射电类星体flux standard 流量标准星flux-tube dynamics 磁流管动⼒学f-mode f 模、基本模following limb 东边缘、后随边缘foreground galaxy 前景星系foreground galaxy cluster 前景星系团formal accuracy 形式精度Foucaultgram 傅科检验图样Foucault knife-edge test 傅科⼑⼝检验fourth cosmic velocity 第四宇宙速度frame transfer 帧转移Fresnel lens 菲涅尔透镜fuzz 展云Galactic aggregate 银河星集Galactic astronomy 银河系天⽂Galactic bar 银河系棒galactic bar 星系棒galactic cannibalism 星系吞⾷galactic content 星系成分galactic merge 星系并合galactic pericentre 近银⼼点Galactocentric distance 银⼼距galaxy cluster 星系团Galle ring 伽勒环Galilean transformation 伽利略变换Galileo 〈伽利略〉⽊星探测器gas-dust complex ⽓尘复合体Genesis rock 创世岩Gemini Telescope ⼤型双⼦望远镜Geoalert, Geophysical Alert Broadcast 地球物理警报⼴播giant granulation 巨⽶粒组织giant granule 巨⽶粒giant radio pulse 巨射电脉冲Ginga 〈星系〉X 射线天⽂卫星Giotto 〈乔托〉空间探测器glassceramic 微晶玻璃glitch activity ⾃转突变活动global change 全球变化global sensitivity 全局灵敏度GMC, giant molecular cloud 巨分⼦云g-mode g 模、重⼒模gold spot ⾦斑病GONG, Global Oscillation Network 太阳全球振荡监测GroupGPS, global positioning system 全球定位系统Granat 〈⽯榴〉号天⽂卫星grand design spiral 宏象旋涡星系gravitational astronomy 引⼒天⽂gravitational lensing 引⼒透镜效应gravitational micro-lensing 微引⼒透镜效应great attractor 巨引源Great Dark Spot ⼤暗斑Great White Spot ⼤⽩斑grism 棱栅GRO, Gamma-Ray Observatory γ射线天⽂台guidscope 导星镜GW Virginis star 室⼥ GW 型星habitable planet 可居住⾏星Hakucho 〈天鹅〉X 射线天⽂卫星Hale Telescope 海尔望远镜halo dwarf 晕族矮星halo globular cluster 晕族球状星团Hanle effect 汉勒效应hard X-ray source 硬 X 射线源Hay spot 哈伊斑HEAO, High-Energy Astronomical 〈HEAO〉⾼能天⽂台Observatoryheavy-element star 重元素星heiligenschein 灵光Helene ⼟卫⼗⼆helicity 螺度heliocentric radial velocity ⽇⼼视向速度heliomagnetosphere ⽇球磁层helioseismology ⽇震学helium abundance 氦丰度helium main-sequence 氦主序helium-strong star 强氦线星helium white dwarf 氦⽩矮星Helix galaxy ( NGC 2685 ) 螺旋星系Herbig Ae star 赫⽐格 Ae 型星Herbig Be star 赫⽐格 Be 型星Herbig-Haro flow 赫⽐格-阿罗流Herbig-Haro shock wave 赫⽐格-阿罗激波hidden magnetic flux 隐磁流high-field pulsar 强磁场脉冲星highly polarized quasar ( HPQ ) ⾼偏振类星体high-mass X-ray binary ⼤质量 X 射线双星high-metallicity cluster ⾼⾦属度星团;⾼⾦属度星系团high-resolution spectrograph ⾼分辨摄谱仪high-resolution spectroscopy ⾼分辨分光high - z ⼤红移Hinotori 〈⽕鸟〉太阳探测器Hipparcos, High Precision Parallax 〈依巴⾕〉卫星Collecting SatelliteHipparcos and Tycho Catalogues 〈依巴⾕〉和〈第⾕〉星表holographic grating 全息光栅Hooker Telescope 胡克望远镜host galaxy 寄主星系hot R Coronae Borealis star ⾼温北冕 R 型星HST, Hubble Space Telescope 哈勃空间望远镜Hubble age 哈勃年龄Hubble distance 哈勃距离Hubble parameter 哈勃参数。
海洋制药专业科学名词英汉对照
abiotic zone 无生命带abrasion platform 海蚀台地absolute salinity 绝对盐度abundance丰度abyssal circulation 深渊环流abyssal clay 深海粘土abyssal fauna 深渊动物abyssal hill 深海丘陵abyssal plain 深海平原abyssal zone 深渊带abyssopelagic organism 大洋深渊水层生物abyssopelagic plankton 深渊浮游生物abyssopelagic zone 深渊层accessory mark 副轮accretionary prism 增生楔accumulation堆积作用acoustic remote sensing声遥感acoustical oceanography声学海洋学active continental margin 主动大陆边缘aerial remote sensing observation航空遥感观测African Plate 非洲板块afternoon effect午后效应Agassiz trawl 阿氏拖网age composition年龄组成aggregateddistribution集聚分布ahermatypic coral非造礁珊瑚air gun 气枪air lifting 气举air-born substances气源物质airborne infraredradiometer 机载红外辐射计air-sea boundaryprocess 海-气边界过程air-sea interaction海-气相互作用air-sea interface海-气界面air-tight 气密albedo of sea 海洋反照率"algal chemistry,phycochemistry "藻类化学algal reef 藻礁alkalinity 碱度allochthonouspopulation外来种群allopatry 异域分布"alternating current,rectilinear current "往复流ambient sea noise海洋环境噪声amphi-borealdistribution北方两洋分布amphidromic point无潮点"amphidromicsystem,amphidrome "旋转潮波系统amphi-Pacificdistribution太平洋两岸分布anadromic fish 溯河鱼anaerobic zone 厌氧带anaerobiosis 厌氧生活analytical chemistryof sea water海水分析化学"anchor ice, groundice " 锚冰anchorage area 锚泊地anchored structure锚泊结构anomalous sea level异常水位anoxic basin 缺氧海盆anoxic event 缺氧事件anoxic water 缺氧水"Antarctic BottomWater, AABW " 南极底层水AntarcticCircumpolar Current南极绕极流AntarcticCircumpolar WaterMass 南极绕极水团Antarctic Plate南极洲板块anthropogenichydrocarbon人源烃anthropogenic input人源输入antifouling 防污着aphotic zone 无光带"apparent oxygenutilization, AOU "表观耗氧量aquaculture水产养殖aquaculture水产栽培aquafarm水产养殖场aquanaut work潜水作业aquaranch水中牧场aquatic community水生群落aquatic ecosystem水生生态系archipelago 群岛Arctic Ocean 北冰洋"Arctic Water, NorthPolar Water "北极水arc-trench-basinsystem 沟弧盆系armor block 护面块体armored diving 铠装潜水artificial island 人工岛artificial sea water 人工海水aseismic ridge 无震海岭assemblage组合assimilation efficiency同化效率assimilation number 同化数association 群聚astronomical tide 天文潮"Atlantic Equatorial Undercurrent, Lomonosov Current " 大西洋赤道潜流Atlantic Ocean 大西洋Atlantic-type coastline大西洋型岸线Atlantic-type continental margin 大西洋型大陆边缘atmospheric input 大气输入atmospheric sea salt 大气海盐atmospheric transport 大气输送atoll 环礁auricularia larva耳状幼体Australia-AntarcticRise 澳大利亚-南极海隆autecology个体生态学authigenic sediment自生沉积autoinhibitorysubstance自体抑制物质autotroph自养生物auxotroph营养缺陷生物average heavy swell中狂涌average height ofthe heighestone-tenth wave1/10 [大波平均]波高average height ofthe heighestone-third wave 1/3[大波平均]波高average moderateswell 中中涌axially symmetricmarine gravimeter轴对称式海洋重力仪azimuth correction方位改正back-arc弧后back-arc basin 弧后盆地back-arc spreading弧后扩张backshore后滨bacterial film 细菌膜bacterial slime细菌粘膜bacterioneuston漂游细菌barbor boat 港作船baroclinic ocean斜压海洋barophilic bacteria喜压细菌barotropic ocean正压海洋barrier 沙坝barrier island 沙坝岛barrier reef 堡礁baseline study 基线研究batch culture 一次性培养bathyal fauna 深海动物bathyal zone 深海带bathymetry水深测量bathypelagicorganism 大洋深层生物bathypelagicplankton 深层浮游生物bathypelagic zone深层beach 海滩beach berm滩肩beach cusp滩角beach cycle 海滩旋回beach face 滩面beach nourishment人工育滩beach profile 海滩剖面beach ridge 滩脊beach rock海滩岩beam trawl桁拖网bench 岩滩Benioff zone 贝尼奥夫带benthic community底栖生物群落benthic division海底区benthic-pelagiccoupling海底-水层耦合benthology底栖生物学benthos底栖生物berth 泊位bioadhesion生物粘着bioassay生物测试"biochemicaloxygen demand,BOD " 生化需氧量biodegradation 生物降解biodeterioration生物污染bioerosion 生物侵蚀biofacy生物相biofouling 生物污着biogenic sediment 生物沉积biogenous hydrocarbon 生源烃biogenous silica 生源硅石biological detritus 生物碎屑biological input 生物输入biological noise 生物噪声biological oceanography生物海洋学biological purification生物净化biological removal 生物转移biological scavenging 生物清除bioluminescence生物发光biomass生物量bionics 仿生学biosphere生物圈biota 生物区系biotope生活小区bioturbation 生物扰动biozone生物带bipinnaria larva 羽腕幼体bipolarity 两极同源bird-foot delta鸟足[形]三角洲Bohai CoastalCurrent 渤海沿岸流Bohai Sea渤海boomerangsediment corer自返式沉积物取芯器borate alkalinity硼酸[盐]碱度"borer, boringorganism "钻孔生物bottom current 底层流bottom frictionlayer 底摩擦层bottom grab表层取样器bottom reflection海底声反射bottomreverberation海底混响bottom scattering海底散射bottom water底层水bottom wave底波bottom-supportedplatform 坐底式平台boundary flux 界面通量box corer 箱式取样器box model箱式模型brackish waterspecies 半咸水种brash ice 碎冰"breaker, surf "碎波breakwater防波堤brine 卤水"brown clay, red clay" 褐粘土bubble effect 气泡效应buoyant mat浮力沉垫burrowing organism穴居生物caballing[混合]增密caisson沉箱calcareous ooze钙质软泥"calcitecompensationdepth, CCD "方解石补偿深度calcite dissolutionindex 方解石溶解指数calm sea无浪capillary wave 毛细波carbon assimilation碳同化作用carbon cycle 碳循环carbon dioxidesystem in sea water海水二氧化碳系统carbonate alkalinity碳酸[盐]碱度"carbonate criticaldepth, CCRD "碳酸盐极限深度carbonate cycle碳酸盐旋回carbonate system insea water 海水碳酸盐系统carcinology 甲壳动物学carnivore 食肉动物catastrophe 灾变catch 渔获量catchabilitycoefficient可捕系数cathodic protection阴极防护cellar connection井口装置Central Indian Ridge印度洋中脊central rift 中央裂谷central water 中央水chain of volcanoes火山链"Changjiang DilutedWater, ChangjiangRiver Plume "长江冲淡水characteristicspecies 特征种chemical diagenesis化学成岩作用chemical form 化学形态chemicaloceanography 化学海洋学"chemical oxygendemand, COD " 化学需氧量chemical scavenging化学清除chemical speciation 化学形态分析chemical speciation models 化学形态模型chemical species 化学形式chemical weathering 化学风化作用chemo-autotroph化能自养生物chemostatic culture 恒化培养"chemotaxis, chemotaxy " 趋化性chemotrophy化能营养"China Classification Society, ZC " 中国船级社chlorinity 氯度chlorinity ratio 氯度比值chlorosity 氯量chronostratigraphy 年代地层学ciguatoxic fish 西加毒鱼类circumpacific volcanic belt 环太平洋火山带clay 粘土"closed season, prohibited season " 禁渔期cnoidal wave 椭圆余弦波coast of emergence 上升海岸coast ofsubmergence下沉海岸"coastal current,littoral current "沿岸流coastal dune 海岸沙丘coastal engineering海岸工程coastal terrace海岸阶地coastal water 沿岸水coastal zone 海岸带coastline 海岸线coastline effect海岸效应coccolith ooze 颗石软泥cofferdam围堰cold current 寒流cold eddy冷涡cold water species冷水种cold water sphere冷水圈cold water tongue冷水舌collision zone 碰撞带commensalism共栖commensalism偏利共生common species习见种community群落community ecology群落生态学compensationcurrent 补偿流compensationdepth 补偿深度compliant structure顺应式结构compositebreakwater 混合式防波堤compound shoreline复合滨线compound tide复合潮conchology贝类学"conductivity-temperature-depth system,CTD " 温盐深仪confused sea 暴涛confused swell 暴涌conservativeconstituents of seawater 海水保守成分constancy ofcomposition of seawater 海水成分恒定性constituent day分潮日constituent hour分潮时constructiveboundary 建设性板块边界consumer消费者continentalaccretion 大陆增生continental drift大陆漂移continental margin大陆边缘continental rise大陆隆continental shelf大陆架continental shelfbreak 大陆架坡折continental slope大陆坡continental terrace大陆阶地"continuouscultivation,continuous culture "连续培养continuous model连续模型contour current等深流contourite 等深流沉积[岩]contrast in water水中对比度contrasttransmission inwater 水中对比度传输controlledecosystemexperiment控制生态系实验convective mixing对流混合conventional diving常规潜水convergentboundary 会聚边界conversionefficiency 转换效率"copepodite, copepodid larva " 桡足幼体coprophagy食粪动物coral reef 珊瑚礁coral reef coast 珊湖礁海岸corrosion in sea water 海水腐蚀cosmogenous sediment 宇宙沉积cosmopolitan世界[广布]种cotidal chart 同潮图countercurrent 逆流crane barge 起重船critical depth 临界深度crop 收获cross-coupling effect 交叉耦合效应current meter 海流计current pattern 流型cuspate bar 尖角坝cuspate delta 尖[形]三角洲cyphonautes larva 苔藓虫幼体cypris larva 腺介幼体Dalmatian coastline 达尔马提亚岸线datum of chart 海图基准面day-nightobservation 连续观测deck unit 甲板装置deep current 深层流"deep scatteringlayer, DSL " 深海散射层deep sea fan 深海扇deep seapropagation 深海传播deep sea sand 深海砂deep sea sediment深海沉积deep sea soundchannel 深海声道deep water深层水deep water wave深水波delta 三角洲demersal fish 底层鱼类density current密度流density current异重流density-dependentmortality 密度制约死亡率deposit feeder 食底泥动物descriptiveoceanography描述海洋学destructiveboundary 破坏性板块边界detachedbreakwater 岛式防波堤detached wharf岛式码头detritus feeder食碎屑动物diagonal wave 斜向浪diatom ooze硅藻软泥"dicycle, dicycly "双周期"diel verticalmigration, diurnalvertical migration "昼夜垂直移动dilution cycle 稀释旋回directional wavespectrum 方向波谱dissolution cycle溶解旋回"dissolved inorganiccarbon, DIC "溶解无机碳"dissolved organiccarbon, DOC "溶解有机碳"dissolved organicmatter, DOM "溶解有机物"dissolved organicnitrogen, DON "溶解有机氮"dissolved organicphosphorus, DOP "溶解有机磷dissolved oxygen溶解氧disturbingacceleration干扰加速度diurnal inequality日不等[现象]diurnal tide 全日潮diver 潜水员divergent boundary离散边界diversity 多样性diving suit 潜水服dock 船坞dominant species优势种"Donghai CoastalCurrent, East ChinaSea Coastal Current" 东海沿岸流"Donghai Sea, EastChina Sea " 东海Doppler currentmeter 多普勒海流计double diffusion双扩散double ebb双低潮double flood 双高潮downwelling下降流dredge 底栖生物刮底网dredger挖泥船dredgingengineering 疏浚工程drift current 漂流drift ice 流冰drifting buoy 漂流浮标drill conductor 隔水套管drilling vessel 钻探船dry diving 干式潜水duration-limited spectrum 有限风时谱dynamic method 动力方法dynamic positioning 动力定位dynamical oceanography 动力海洋学East African Rift Zone 东非裂谷带East Pacific Rise 东太平洋海隆"ebb, ebb tide " 落潮echinopluteus larva 海胆幼体echo ranging 回声测距echosounder测深仪ecological barrier 生态障碍ecosystem生态系edge wave 边缘波efflux 输出通量Ekman depth 埃克曼深度Ekman layer 埃克曼层Ekman pumping 埃克曼抽吸Ekman spiral 埃克曼螺旋Ekman transport埃克曼输送El Nino ( 西)厄尔尼诺electrodialysis电渗析electromagneticvibration exciter电磁振荡震源elliptical trochoidalwave 椭圆余摆线波embayed coast港湾海岸endemic population地方种群endemic species地方种endolithion 石内生物endopelos泥内生物endopsammon沙内生物energy flow 能流"engineeringoceanology,engineeringoceanography "海洋工程水文enhancement增殖entrainment卷吸environmental load环境荷载Eotvos effect 厄特沃什效应ephyra larva 碟状幼体epibenthic sledge底表撬网epifauna底表动物epilithion 石面生物epipelagic organism大洋上层生物epipelagic zone上层epipelos泥面生物epiphyte附生植物epiplankton 上层浮游生物epipsammon沙面生物EquatorialCountercurrent赤道逆流Equatorial Current赤道流"EquatorialUndercurrent, EUC "赤道潜流equilibrium profile平衡剖面equilibrium tide平衡潮equinoctial tide分点潮equivalent duration等效风时equivalent fetch等效风区estuarine chemistry河口化学estuary河口湾estuaryimprovement河口治理euphotic layer 真光层Eurasian Plate 欧亚板块eurybaric organism广压性生物eurybathic organism广深性生物euryhaline species广盐种euryphagous animal广食性动物"eurythermalspecies,eurythermic species" 广温种eustasy全球性海面升降eutrophic water富营养水eutrophication 富营养化[作用]euxinic environment静海环境event deposit 事件沉积exclusive economiczone 专属经济区exogenous organicmatter 外源有机物"expendablebathythermograph,XBT " 投弃式温深计exploitativeengineering ofoffshorepetroleum/gasreservoir 海上油气开发工程exploratoryengineering ofoffshorepetroleum/gasreservoir 海上油气勘探explosive energy source 炸药震源exposed waters 开阔海域failure probability 破坏概率fan delta 扇[形]三角洲fast ice 固定冰fatigue break 疲劳断裂fault coast 断层海岸feather angle 羽角feathering 羽状移动fecal pellet 粪粒fecundity 生殖力feeding migration 索饵洄游fertility 肥力fetch 风区fetch-limited spectrum 有限风区谱fictitious body 假想天体"filter feeder, suspension feeder " 滤食性动物finestructure 细结构fiord 峡湾fish finder 鱼探仪fish resources 鱼类资源fisheries oceanography 渔业海洋学fishery management渔业管理fishery resources渔业资源fishing effort 捕捞能力fishing intensity捕捞强度fishing mortalitycoefficient 渔捞死亡系数fishing season 渔期fixed oceanographicstation 定点观测站fixed structure固定式结构flare boom火炬臂"flat coast, lowcoast " 低平海岸floating breakwater浮式防波堤floating hose 浮式软管floating structure浮式结构floating-type wharf浮式码头floe ice 浮冰"flood, flood tide "涨潮food chain 食物链food organism 饵料生物food pyramid食物金字塔food web食物网foraminiferal ooze有孔虫软泥fore-arc 弧前fore-arc basin 弧前盆地forerunner先行涌foreshore前滨fouling organism污着生物foundation bed 基床foundationcapability 地基承载能力fracture zone 破裂带freshwater plume淡水舌frictional depth摩擦深度"fringing reef, shorereef " 岸礁fully developed sea充分成长风浪gas exploder 气爆震源gateway峡口general circulation总环流geographical barrier地理障碍geologicaloceanography地质海洋学"geomagneticelectrokinetograph,GEK " 电磁海流计geostrophic current地转流geotechnical test土工试验glacial effect 冰川效应globigerina ooze抱球虫软泥Gondwana冈瓦纳古陆gravitational tide引力潮gravity corer 重力取芯器gravity platform重力式平台gravity wave 重力波gravity-typestructure 重力式结构grazing angle 掠射角groin 丁坝gross primaryproduction毛初级生产量growth efficiency生长效率growth overfishing生长型捕捞过度Gulf Stream 湾流"gulf, bay " 海湾guyed-towerplatform 拉索塔平台guyot 平顶海山gyre 流涡habitat生境"hadal fauna,ultra-abyssal fauna "超深渊动物"hadal zone,ultra-abyssal zone " 超深渊带half-tide level 半潮面halmyrolysis 海解作用halobiont盐生生物halocline 盐跃层halophile organism 适盐生物harbor accommodation港口设施harbor entrance 口门harbor hinterland 港口腹地harbor land area 港口陆域harbor siltation 港口淤积harbour basin 港池harbour site 港址Hardy continuous plankton recorder 哈迪浮游生物记录器harmonic analysis of tide 潮汐调和分析harmonic constant of tide 潮汐调和常数hatchability 孵化率"headland, cape " 岬角heave 垂荡"hekistoplankton, ultraplankton " 超微型浮游生物helium-nitrogen-oxygen saturationdiving 氦-氮-氧饱和潜水helium-oxygendiving 氦-氧潜水hemipelagic deposit半远洋沉积"herbivore, grazer "食植动物hermatypic coral造礁珊瑚heterogeneity 异质性heterotroph异养生物high energy marineenvironment 海洋高能环境high sea 狂浪"high water, HW "高潮"highestastronomical tide,HAT " 最高天文潮位holophytic nutrition全植型营养holoplankton终生浮游生物homogeneity同质性homogeneous layer均匀层horizontaldistribution平面分布hot spot热点hot spring 海底热泉"Huanghai CoastalCurrent, Yellow SeaCoastal Current "黄海沿岸流"Huanghai ColdWater Mass, YellowSea Cold WaterMass " 黄海冷水团"Huanghai Sea,Yellow Sea "黄海"Huanghai WarmCurrent, Yellow SeaWarm Current "黄海暖流humification 腐殖化[作用]hummocked ice堆积冰hydraulic model test水力模型试验hydraulic pistoncorer 液压活塞取芯器hydrobiology 水生生物学hydrobiont水生生物hydrodynamic noise流体动力噪声hydrothermalcirculation热液循环hydrothermalprocess 热液过程ice cover 冰盖ice edge 冰缘线ice field 冰原ice period 冰期ice rind 冰壳ice shelf 冰架ice thickness 冰厚iceberg冰山ichthyology 鱼类学implosive source聚爆式震源in situ density现场密度in situ measurement现场测定in situ salinometer现场盐度计in situ specificvolume现场比容in situ temperature现场温度incident wave 入射波"incubation,hatching " 孵化Indian Ocean 印度洋Indian Plate 印度洋板块indicator species指示种infauna底内动物influx 输入通量inshore内滨instanteneousmortality rate瞬间死亡率interface exchangeprocess 界面交换过程intermediate water 中层水internal tide 内潮internal wave 内波interstitial fauna 间隙动物"interstitial water, pore water " 间隙水intertidal zone 潮间带"Intertropical Convergence Zone, Equatorial " 赤道辐合带intraplate volcanism 板内火山活动inversion layer 逆置层in-vivo fluorescence technique 活体荧光技术ion-exchange membrane 离子交换膜irregular wave 不规则波island 岛island arc 岛弧island shelf 岛架island slope 岛坡isohaline 等盐线isotherm等温线jacket pile-driven platform 导管架桩基平台jack-up platform 自升式平台jetty 突堤jetty 导堤juvenile 幼年个体Kelvin wave 开尔文波key species 关键种knuckle joint 万向接头Knudsen's burette克努森滴定管Knudsen's pipette克努森移液管Knudsen's tables克努森表Kuroshio黑潮lag effect 滞后效应lagoon 湖lamellibranchialarva 瓣鳃类幼体land and seabreezes 海陆风land fabrication陆上预制land-origin ice陆源冰larva 幼体lateral reflection侧反射launching下水Laurasia 劳亚古陆law of the sea 海洋法lead lane 冰间水道level bottomcommunity 平底生物群落level ice 平整冰life support system生命支持系统light acclimation光驯化light adaptation光适性light and dark bottletechnique黑白瓶法light boat 灯船light house 灯塔light saturation光饱和Lloyd's Register ofShipping 劳埃德船级社long heavy swell长狂涌long low swell 长轻涌long moderate swell长中涌long-crested wave长峰波Longhurst-Hardyplankton recorder朗-哈浮游生物记录器longshore current顺岸流"longshore drift,littoral drift "沿岸泥沙流"low water, LW "低潮"lowestastronomical tide,LAT " 最低天文潮位luminous organism发光生物lunar tide 太阴潮lunar tide interval太阴潮间隙lysis 溶菌lysocline 溶跃层macrobenthos大型底栖生物macrofauna大型动物macroplankton大型浮游生物magnetic lineation磁条带magnetic quiet zone磁场平静带main thermocline主[温]跃层major constituentsof sea water海水主要成分malacology软体动物学"manganese nodule,ferromanganesenodule " 锰结核mangrove coast红树林海岸mangrove swamp红树林沼泽manifold system管汇系统mantle bulge 地幔隆起mantle convection地幔对流mantle plume地幔柱marginal basin 边缘盆地marginal sea 边缘海marginal-type wharf 顺岸码头mariculture 海产养殖mariculture 海产栽培marine accident 海损事故marine acoustics 海洋声学marine aerosol 海洋气溶胶marinebio-acoustics 海洋生物声学marine biochemical resource 海洋生化资源marine biochemistry海洋生物化学marine biogeochemistry海洋生物地球化学marine biological noise 海洋生物噪声marine biology 海洋生物学marine chemical resource海洋化学资源marine chemistry 海洋化学"marine climate, ocean climate " 海洋气候marine climatology 海洋气候学marine contamination海洋玷污marine corrosion海洋腐蚀marine detritus海洋碎屑marine ecology 海洋生态学marine ecosystem海洋生态系marine elementgeochemistry海洋元素地球化学marine engineeringgeology 海洋工程地质marine environment海洋环境marineenvironmentalassessment海洋环境评价marineenvironmentalcapacity 海洋环境容量marineenvironmentalchemistry 海洋环境化学"marineenvironmentalforecasting, marine" 海洋环境预报marineenvironmentalmonitoring海洋环境监测marineenvironmentalprotection海洋环境保护marineenvironmentalquality 海洋环境质量marineenvironmentalsciences 海洋环境科学marine erosion 海蚀作用marinegeochemistry海洋地球化学marine geology 海洋地质学marine geomagneticanomaly 海洋地磁异常marine geomagneticsurvey 海洋地磁调查marinegeomorphology海洋地貌学marine geophysicalsurvey 海洋地球物理调查marine geophysics海洋地球物理学marine gravimeter海洋重力仪marine gravityanomaly 海洋重力异常marine gravitysurvey 海洋重力调查marine heat flowsurvey 海洋地热流调查marine humus海洋腐殖质"marinehydrography,marine hydrology "海洋水文学marine installation海上安装沉放marine isotopechemistry海洋同位素化学marine meteorology海洋气象学marinemicroorganism海洋微生物marine naturalhydrocarbon海洋天然烃marine naturalproduct 海洋天然产物marine naturalproduct chemistry海洋天然产物化学marine organicchemistry海洋有机化学marine organicgeochemistry海洋有机地球化学marinepharmacognosy海洋生药学marinephotochemistry海洋光化学marine physicalchemistry海洋物理化学marine physics 海洋物理学marine policy 海洋政策marine pollutants海洋污染物marine pollution海洋污染marine pressurehydrophone海洋压力水听器marine reflection seismic survey 海洋反射地震调查marine refraction seismic survey 海洋折射地震调查marine resource chemistry海洋资源化学marine resources 海洋资源marine salvage 海难救助"marine sciences, ocean sciences " 海洋科学marine sedimentology海洋沉积学marine seismic profiler海洋地震剖面仪marine seismic streamer海洋地震漂浮电缆marine seismic survey 海洋地震调查marine seismograph 海洋地震仪marine stratigraphy 海洋地层学marine technology 海洋技术marine towage 海上拖运marine wide-angle reflection seismic survey 海洋广角反射地震调查maritime air mass 海洋气团marking标记marsh organism沼泽生物mass balance质量平衡mass budget质量收支mass transfer 质量转移"mean sea level,MSL " 平均海平面"mechanicalbathythermograph,MBT " 机械式温深计medical security fordiving 潜水医务保障megafauna巨型动物megalopa larva 大眼幼体megaplankton巨型浮游生物meiobenthos小型底栖生物meiofauna小型动物"meroplankton,transitory plankton" 阶段性浮游生物mesocosm中型实验生态系mesopelagic fish中层鱼类mesopelagicorganism 大洋中层生物mesopelagic zone中层mesoplankton中型浮游生物mesopsammon沙间生物mesoscale eddy中尺度涡meteorological tide气象潮microbenthos微型底栖生物microbivore 食微生物者microcolony小菌落microcontinent 微大陆microcosm小型实验生态系microdistribution微分布microecosystem微生态系microfauna微型动物microfouling 微生物污着microhabitat 微生境micronutrients 微量营养物microplankton小型浮游生物microstructure 微结构Mid-Atlantic Ridge大西洋中脊mid-ocean ridge洋中脊mid-ocean ridgebasalt 洋中脊玄武岩midwater trawl 中层拖网migratory fish 洄游鱼类minimum duration最小风时minimum fetch最小风区minor elements ofsea water 海水微量元素mirage 蜃景mixed layer soundchannel 混合层声道"mixed layer, mixinglayer " 混合层mixed tide 混合潮mixotroph混合营养生物mobile platform移动式平台moderate sea中浪module 模块"monocycle,monocycly " 单周期monophagy单食性monsoon current季风海流moored data buoy锚定资料浮标mooring facilities系泊设施mooring force 系泊力mortality 死亡率mound-typebreakwater 斜坡式防波堤mud 泥muddy coast泥质海岸multibeamechosounder 多波束测深仪multi-point mooring多点系泊multistage flash distillation 多级闪急蒸馏multistage separator 多级分离器mysis larva 糠虾期幼体N/P ratio 氮磷比[值] "Nanhai Coastal Current, South China Sea Coastal Current " 南海沿岸流"Nanhai Sea, South China Sea " 南海"Nanhai Warm Current, South China Sea Warm Current " 南海暖流nannoplankton微型浮游生物nauplius larva 无节幼体navigation channel 航道navigation equipment 导航设备neap tide 小潮nearshore zone 近滨带nectochaeta larva 疣足幼体nektobenthos游泳底栖生物nekton 游泳生物nepheloid雾状层neritic organism 近海生物neritic sediment浅海沉积neritic zone 浅海带neritic zone 近海区net plankton 网采浮游生物net primaryproduction 净初级生产量net primaryproductivity净初级生产力neurotoxin神经毒素niche 生态位Ninety East Ridge东经90度洋中脊Niskin watersampler 尼斯金采水器nitrogen cycle 氮循环nitrogen-oxygendiving 氮-氧潜水no swell 无涌non-conservativeconstituents of seawater 海水非保守成分nonharmonicconstant of tide潮汐非调和常数non-saturationdiving 非饱和潜水Norpac net北太浮游生物网North AmericanPlate 北美洲板块"North AtlanticDeep Water, NADW" 北大西洋深层水not fully developedsea 未充分成长风浪nursing ground 育幼场nutrient depletion营养[盐]耗竭nutrients in seawater 海水营养盐obduction plate仰冲板块obduction zone 仰冲带oblique haul 斜拖observationplatform 观测平台ocean 洋ocean basin 洋盆ocean bottomseismograph海底地震仪ocean circulation大洋环流ocean color scanner海色扫描仪ocean current 海流ocean currentenergy 海流能ocean energyconversion海洋能转换ocean energyresources 海洋能源ocean engineering海洋工程ocean exploitation海洋开发ocean management海洋管理ocean observationtechnology 海洋观测技术"ocean optics,marine optics " 海洋光学ocean powergeneration 海洋能发电ocean salinityenergy 海洋盐差能ocean thermalenergy 海洋温差能ocean wave海浪ocean wavespectrum 海浪谱ocean-atmosphereheat exchange 海气热交换oceanic crust 洋壳oceanic front 海洋锋oceanic opticalremote sensing 海洋光学遥感oceanic plate 大洋板块oceanic soundscatterer海洋声散射体oceanic tholeiite大洋拉斑玄武岩oceanic troposphere大洋对流层oceanic turbulence海洋湍流oceanic zone 大洋区oceanization 大洋化作用"oceanographic survey, oceanographic investigation " 海洋调查"oceanography, oceanology " 海洋学offshore外滨offshore bar 滨外坝offshore engineering 近海工程offshore loading and unloading system 海上装卸油系统offshore oil-gas flowline 海上输油气管线offshore platform 近海平台offshore storage unit 海上贮油装置oil fence [围]油栅oil-gas-water treating system 油气水处理系统oligohaline species 寡盐种oligostenohaline species 低狭盐种oligotaxic ocean 少种型大洋oligotrophic water 贫营养水omnivore杂食动物ooze 软泥ophiopluteus larva长腕幼体opportunisticspecies 机会种optimum catch最适渔获量organic coatinglayer 有机覆盖层overfishing 捕捞过度overlying water上覆水overpopulation 种群过密overtide倍潮overwintering 越冬oxide film 氧化膜oxygen maximumlayer 氧最大层oxygen minimumlayer 氧最小层oxygen partialpressure氧分压Oyashio亲潮oyster reef 牡蛎礁"Pacific EquatorialUndercurrent,Cromwell Current "太平洋赤道潜流Pacific Ocean 太平洋Pacific Plate 太平洋板块Pacific-typecoastline 太平洋型岸线Pacific-typecontinental margin太平洋型大陆边缘pack ice 浮冰群paleoceanography古海洋学paleocurrent 古海流paleodepth古深度paleomagneticstratigraphy古地磁地层学paleoproductivity古生产力paleosalinity 古盐度Pangaea泛大陆Panthalassa 泛大洋parallel dike 顺坝parasitism 寄生"particulateinorganic carbon,PIC " 颗粒无机碳particulate matter insea water海水颗粒物"particulate organiccarbon, POC "颗粒有机碳"particulate organicmatter, POM "颗粒有机物"particulate organicnitrogen, PON "颗粒有机氮"particulate organicphosphorus, POP "颗粒有机磷passive continentalmargin 被动大陆边缘patch reef 点礁patchiness 斑块分布pediveliger larva具足面盘幼体pelagic deposit远洋沉积pelagic division水层区pelagic egg 浮性卵pelagic fish 上层鱼类pelagic organism水层生物pelagic organism大洋生物pelagic phase 浮性生活期peleotemperature古温度peninsula半岛periphyton周丛生物permanentthermocline 永久性温跃层phaeophytin脱镁叶绿素phosphorus cycle磷循环photo-autotroph光能自养生物photobacteria 发光细菌。
磁共振成像技术中英文名词对照之欧阳法创编
时间：2021.03.09
创作：欧阳法
abdomen
腹部
Apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC
表现扩散系数
Analog-digital conversion ,ADC
模数转换
Arterial spin labeling ,ASL
动脉自旋标记
刺激回波采集模式
Short TI inversion recovery , STIR
短反转时间的反转恢复序列
T1-weighted imaging , T1WI
T1加权成像
T2 prepared-fast gradient recalled echo，T2-FGRE T2
准备快速梯度回波
T2-weighted imaging，T2WI
磁共振尿路成像
Multishot echo planar imaging ,MS-EPI
多次激发皮面回波成像
N-acetyl aspartate，NAA
N-乙酰天门冬氨酸
Palsed arterial spin labeling, PASL
脉冲式动脉自旋标记
Parallel acquisition technique ,PAT
T2加权成像
Echo time ,TE
回波时间
T1 high resolution isotropic volume excitation，THRIVE
T1高分辨各向同性容积激发
Inversion time，TI
反转时间
Time of flight，TOF
时间飞跃
Repetition time，TR
Query / retrieve
白内障幻灯片
Eye Exam
• Vision acuity test • Slit lamp • Ophthalmoscope • In most cases, eye drops are used to dilate (widen)
pupils before the exam. • Tonometry
Slit lamp
• 细胞凋亡及其调控
normal Vs. cloudy lens
Clinical Findings
Symptoms
Blurring or dimness of vision 视力下降 colors appear faded 色觉改变 Sensitivity to light and glare 眩光 Double or multiple vision 复视或多视 Change in refraction 屈光改变
Age-related cataract
年龄相关性白内障是最为常见的白内 障类型，多见于50岁以上的中、老年
人，随年龄增加其发病率升高。
• There are three major types of cataract that are named depending on the location within the lens that is most affected. These are cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular. A given lens may have components of all three types of cataract.
• 根据晶状体开始出现混浊的部位，老年性白内 障分为3种类型：皮质性、核性及后囊下白内障 。一个晶状体可能同时发生这3型白内障。
分析化学词汇英汉对照
colorimetry 比色法
column chromatography 柱色谱
complementary color 互补色
complex 络合物
complexation 络合反应
complexometry complexometric titration 络合滴定法
complexone 氨羧络合剂
instability constant 不稳定常数
instrumental analysis 仪器分析
intrinsic acidity 固有酸度
intrinsic basicity 固有碱度
intrinsic solubility 固有溶解度
iodimetry 碘滴定法
ionic strength 离子强度
isoabsorptive point 等吸收点
Karl Fisher titration 卡尔·费歇尔法
Kjeldahl determination 凯氏定氮法
Lambert-Beer law 朗泊-比尔定律
leveling effect 拉平效应
分析化学词汇英汉对照
absorbance 吸光度
absorbent 吸附剂
absorption curve 吸收曲线
absorption peak 吸收峰
absorptivity 吸收系数
accident error 偶然误差
accuracy 准确度
acid-base titration 酸碱滴定
blank 空白
blocking of indicator 指示剂的封闭
bromometry 溴量法
Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing第14章
CHAPTER14DIRECT CURRENT(DC)DISCHARGES 14.1QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OFGLOW DISCHARGESThe dc glow discharge has been historically important,both in applications of weakly ionized plasmas and in studying the properties of the plasma medium.A dc discharge has one obvious feature,its macroscopic time independence,that is simpler than rf discharges.However,the need for the current,which provides the power for the discharge,to be continuous through the dc sheath provides an additional complication to the operation.This complication is not present in rf or microwave discharges where displacement current provides current continuity through the sheath.To understand the glow discharge,we consider the usual con-figuration of a long glass cylinder with the positive anode at one end and a negative cathode at the other.Although not necessarily the configuration used in processing applications,it has the advantage of symmetry and has been well studied.The usual pressure range of operation is between10mTorr and10Torr.Typically,a few hundred volts between cathode and anode is required to maintain the discharge. The approximate characteristics of the discharge are shown in Figure14.1.It is clear from the many light and dark regions identified in Figure14.1a that the beha-vior is quite complicated.The length of the positive column region can be varied by changing the distance between electrodes at a constant pressure and approximately constant voltage drop,while the other regions maintain their lengths.It is therefore Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing,by M.A.Lieberman and A.J.Lichtenberg. ISBN0-471-72001-1Copyright#2005John Wiley&Sons,Inc.535apparent that the positive column can be analyzed per unit length,while the other features must be analyzed in their entirety.All of the regions are gas,pressure, and voltage dependent in their size and intensity,with some of the smaller features being essentially absent over various parameter ranges.We now describe qualitatively the essential operation of the various regions in maintaining the discharge.The treatment follows most closely that in Cobine (1958)where additional material and references can be found.Positive ColumnThe axially uniform plasma is maintained by the JÁE power integrated over the cross section,which balances the loss of energy per electron–ion pair created, which,in the axially uniform model,is assumed to be radial.The dynamics are very similar to that of the bulk rf discharge,with the power lost per electron–ion pair created going to excitation(the glow),ionization,electron–neutral elastic scat-tering energy losses,and kinetic energy of the electrons and ions striking the walls. The normal glow discharge tends to have a negative voltage–current characteristic (negative differential resistance(d V=d I)which is stabilized by an external resistor, which is varied to adjust the current to the desired value.The power balance deter-mines the(weak)axial Efield required to maintain the positive column.Once E isknown,the drift velocity of the electrons along the column can be found using the dc14.1QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOW DISCHARGES537 electron mobility and then,from J,the density can be determined.We use this prescription in Section14.2to calculate the characteristics of the positive column.Cathode SheathThis region,known also as the cathode fall or Crookes dark space,is the region over which most of the voltage drop occurs.The electrons,which carry most of the current in the positive column,are,of course,prevented from reaching the cathode.The massive ions,however,are incapable of carrying the full current. The discharge is maintained by secondary electrons produced at the cathode by the impact of the energetic ions.This process,which is incidental(although often important)in rf discharges,is essential for the operation of the dc discharge.The current is built up by ionization within the sheath,which is generated by the second-ary electrons accelerating in the large electricfields of this region.The electron density andflux grow exponentially from the cathode,with the exponent known as thefirst Townsend coefficient.This mechanism is important,not only for the steady-state discharge,but also for understanding the breakdown that initiates the discharge.In breakdown the entire region between the cathode and the anode par-ticipates in the process,which requires a much higher voltage and therefore leads to hysteresis in the voltage–current characteristic.We analyze this dynamics in Section14.3.Negative Glow and Faraday Dark SpaceThe exponentially increasing density of high-velocity electrons near the cathode leads rapidly to a bright cathode glow in which intense ionization and excitation occurs.The electricfield must decrease rapidly at the end of this region,where the transition to the positive column occurs.However,the high electron velocities must be dissipated by elastic and inelastic collisions before the equilibrium conditions of the positive column can be established.This is done in a rather com-plicated process in which the electronsfirst lose almost all of their energy and then are reaccelerated in a weakfield over approximately a mean free path(the Faraday dark space).We give a simple approximate analysis of this behavior at the end of Section14.3.Anode FallThe drift velocity of the electrons in the weak electricfield of the positive column is typically less than their thermal velocity.This requires a retarding electricfield in the neighborhood of the anode to prevent the full thermal electron current from reaching the anode.However,the anode itself must clearly be positive with respect to the positive column to maintain the current.The result is a double layer,which is also seen in various other types of discharges,for essentially the same reason.Since the total voltage drop in this region is small and plays little role in the overall dynamics,we will not analyze it quantitatively.538DIRECT CURRENT(DC)DISCHARGESOther EffectsThe various other regions indicated in Figure14.1are not of particular significance for an overall understanding of the discharge behavior.In addition to the axial variations there are,of course,radial variations.In a long cylindrical discharge, we shall obtain the usual Bessel function radial variation as part of our solution for the positive column given in Section14.2.We may assume qualitatively similar radial variations of density in other regions,but quantitative calculations are very difficult.Additional radial features exist,such as an incomplete coverage of the cathode surface by the discharge,as we discuss in Section14.3.In the previous discussion we have considered the typical characteristics in the normal glow,which occurs over a range of current densities,typically between 10À5and10À3A=cm2.Considering current density as the controlling variable,the voltage–current characteristic of a dc discharge is shown in Figure14.2.Theflat region with slightly negative slope d V=d I is that of the normal glow.From low currents,the region below I A is called a dark or Townsend discharge.The glow gradually builds up until a transition is reached,with hysteresis,entering the normal glow at a voltage V S.The voltage remains constant as the current increases until I B,at which point there is an increasing voltage–current characteristic called the abnormal glow.A further increase in current results in a rather abrupt transition at I C,again characterized by hysteresis,to a considerably lower voltage discharge known as an arc discharge.The voltage continues to decrease with increasing current,approaching an asymptote.For a typical pressure(say1Torr)and a typical discharge tube of a few centimeters cross section,the transitions might occur at I A%10À6A,I B%10À2A,and I C%10À1A,but these currents dependon various other factors such as gas and electrode surfaces.There areapplications Array FIGURE14.2.Typical voltage–current characteristic of a dc glow discharge.14.2ANALYSIS OF THE POSITIVE COLUMN539 of these various regions,particularly for high current arc discharges,which wedo not consider.The reader canfind further descriptions of the behavior and theapplications in various monographs,for example,in Cobine(1958)and in Roth(1994).In some pressure and voltage ranges there are also interesting time-varyingphenomena,such as moving transverse striations and longitudinalfilaments.Athigh pressures,arc spots can form at the cathode,which correspond to an entirelydifferent range of operation,not considered here,in which the secondary emissionprocess is thermionic.For further study,the interested reader is referred to the litera-ture(Cobine,1958;Franklin,1976;Raizer,1991;Roth,1994).Sputtering and Other ConfigurationsA phenomenon that is not part of the discharge dynamics,but is important bothfor applications and in limiting the use of glow discharges,is cathode sputtering.The potential drop across a cathode sheath is typically several hundred volts.These ion-bombarding voltages lead to severe sputtering of the cathode surfaceand consequently deposit material on other surfaces.We describe physical sput-tering in Section9.3and its application to the deposition of thinfilms in Section16.3.Since there is little control over the large voltage drop in the cathodesheath,the existence of sputtering is important in defining appropriate appli-cations.Low aspect ratio dc discharges have been used for sputtering.Toenhance sputtering efficiency,other configurations of dc discharges have beenemployed.One configuration that has proved to be important for optical radiationsources and for metal-ion lasers is hollow cathode discharges.We treat this con-figuration in Section14.4.Another method of enhancing sputtering,used primar-ily for depositing metallicfilms on substrates,employs a nonuniform dc magneticfield.This configuration is called a dc planar magnetron discharge and is ana-lyzed in Section14.5.14.2ANALYSIS OF THE POSITIVE COLUMNAs in the analysis of rf and microwave discharges,there are various pressureregimes for which different dynamics apply.We will assume the following:(1)The pressure is sufficiently high,l i(T i=T e)R,that a diffusion equation with a constant diffusion coefficient D a applies.The low-pressure(collisionless)limit with freely falling ions,l i&R,was described very early by Tonks and Langmuir(1929);and the intermediate pressure regime,R!l i!(T i=T e)R,is discussed in Godyak(1986).In fact,as described in Section5.3,the radial dis-tributions in the low and intermediate regimes tend to look quite similar.Franklin (1976)describes these various solutions and relations between them.(2)As dis-cussed in Section14.1it is often adequate to assume only radial variation,which we do here.Calculation of T eThe calculation of T e follows from the particle balance as described in Section10.2. Ion particle balance is obtained from the diffusion equation(5.2.21)ÀrÁD a r n¼n iz n(14:2:1) where n¼n e¼n i is the plasma density,D a is the ambipolar diffusion coefficient, and n iz¼K iz n g is the ionization rate as defined in(3.5.1).In cylindrical coordinates (14.2.1)becomesd2n d r2þ1rd nd rþn izD an¼0(14:2:2)Equation(14.2.2)is Bessel’s equation with solution given by(5.2.35)n¼n0J0(b r)(14:2:3) where b¼(n iz=D a)1=2and J0is the usual zero-order Bessel function.If the ion mean free path l i and the sheath thickness s(s%few l De)are both small compared to the column radius R,then the boundary condition n(R)%0can be used,with the solution approximately given by(5.2.36)b¼n izD a1=2¼x01R(14:2:4)where x01%2:405is thefirst zero of the zero-order Bessel function.Although (14.2.4)does not give a completely self-consistent solution,since thefinite ion flux at the wall implies infinite velocity at zero density(see Section5.2),it can give a reasonably accurate value of T e.The reason is that n iz is a very sensitive func-tion of T e of the form(see Chapter3)n iz/p expÀE iz T e(14:2:5) with p the pressure and with the ionization voltage E iz)T e.Thus,T e depends only weakly on all parameters except for E iz.A more accurate solution is obtained by setting the radial particleflux G r equal to n s u B,where,as previously,n s is the density at the sheath edge and u B¼(e T e=M)1=2is the Bohm velocity.For this case,since G r¼ÀD a d n=d r,we can take a derivative of(14.2.3)to obtain a transcendental equation for the electron and ionflux to the wall(see also Section10.2):À(D a n iz)1=2J1(b R)¼J0(b R)u B(14:2:6) 540DIRECT CURRENT(DC)DISCHARGESBecause l i(R for this constant D a solution,(14.2.6)essentially reduces to(14.2.4).In the intermediate-and low-pressure regimes,l i&(T i=T e)R,the radial profile becomes relatively uniform,and the estimate for n iz(5.3.14)applies,n iz%2:2u BR4þRl iÀ1=2(14:2:7)An additional issue at low pressures is the deviation of the electron distribution froma Maxwellian.In using(14.2.5)we have assumed a Maxwellian,thus ignoring theelectron drift motion u e.This motion can readily be included(see Franklin,1976);with u e((e T e=m)1=2this does not appreciably change the results.More important, particularly at low densities,there are various kinetic effects and particle losses,thatcan affect the distribution at high velocities.We discuss these qualitatively at the endof this section.Calculation of E and n0The electricfield E along the z axis(anode-to-cathode)of the discharge is calculatedby equating the input power absorbed to the power lost.In the rf discharge this wasused to determine the density.Here the density cancels,leaving an expression for theelectricfield.However,once thefield is known,a subsidiary condition immediatelygives the density.Equating the ohmic power absorbedP abs¼2p ðRJÁE r d r(14:2:8)to the power lostP loss¼2p R G r e E T(14:2:9) where e E T is the total energy lost per electron–ion pair created,and substituting our radial density solution(14.2.3),we haveen0m e E22p ðRJ0(b r)r d r¼2p R(D a n iz)1=2n0J1(b R)e E T(14:2:10)where we have assumed a constant mobility m e,substituted for the current density J along z usingJ¼en m e E(14:2:11) and have taken E out of the integral by assuming that it is a constant in the long thin approximation.We see that n0cancels from(14.2.10)giving an equation for E14.2ANALYSIS OF THE POSITIVE COLUMN541alone.Performing the integration we find that J 1cancels,and we can solve for E to obtainE ¼n iz E T m e 1=2(14:2:12)Substituting m e ¼e =m n m ,from (5.1.4),then (14.2.12)can also be written in the formE ¼m e n iz n m E T 1=2(14:2:13)We note that n iz and n m are both linearly dependent on pressure,and that the only other dependence on the RHS is T e .Although (14.2.12)gives E as a function of p and as an exponentially sensitive function of T e through its dependence on n iz ,we can eliminate n iz using (14.2.4)to obtainE ¼x 01R D a E T m e 1=2¼x 01R mK m MK mi T e E T 1=2(14:2:14)which shows that E depends only on T e ,independent of p .Integrating (14.2.11)over the discharge cross section yieldsI ¼2p en 0R 2x 01J 1(x 01)m e E (14:2:15)which can be solved to determine n 0for a given discharge current I ,with E given by (14.2.14).Kinetic EffectsAlthough the preceding subsections give a qualitative description of the positive column,various quantitative discrepancies,particularly at lower pressures,have led to more sophisticated treatments.Particular phenomena to be explained are significantly higher average temperatures than predicted from (14.2.7)(with n iz cal-culated for a Maxwellian distribution),higher average energies near the column edge,an excess of local ohmic heating near the column edge compared to the local power dissipated in collisional processes,and a somewhat higher axial electric field.A full kinetic theory including the radial density variation is very complicated,so that various approximate kinetic methods have been employed.One important method is the nonlocal approximation,which we describe in Chapter 18.The basic idea is that,if the pressure is sufficiently low that l E =R .1,where l E isthe electron energy relaxation length,then the total energy e E ¼12m v 2þe F (r )542DIRECT CURRENT (DC)DISCHARGES14.3ANALYSIS OF THE CATHODE REGION543 can be taken to be a constant.For a Maxwellian electron distribution the conserva-tion of total energy is equivalent to the Boltzmann assumption that the temperature is constant and the potential and density are related in the usual logarithmic manner F(r)¼T e ln n(r)=n(0)ðÞ,with F(0)¼0at the plasma center.In this case a local macroscopic theory applies,as it does at high pressure for any distribution. However,we will see in Chapter18that the electron distribution in the positive column tends to be Druyvesteyn-like,falling more rapidly at high energies than a Maxwellian,with the high-energy electrons further truncated by the inelastic processes.Because of the non-Maxwellian distribution the average energy is significantly higher near the plasma edge than in the discharge center,since the lower energy electrons are confined by the potential,while the higher energy electrons can over-come the potential hill.The average energy is significantly higher than predicted by a Maxwellian because overall there are fewer high energy(ionizing)electrons. These effects have been confirmed by comparison with a more complete kinetic theory by Busch and Kortshagen(1995).Because the nonlocal method is limited to low pressures,other methods valid at higher pressure have been proposed(see Ingold,1997for another method of analysis and comparison among various methods).14.3ANALYSIS OF THE CATHODE REGIONConsidering the analysis of the previous section,we take as an example an argon glow discharge at p¼100mTorr and T e¼4V.The current density carried by the electrons in the glow is calculated from(14.2.11)J(r)¼en(r)m e Ewith m e%103m2=(V s)and E¼60V=m.Continuity of current requires the same current at the edge of the cathode sheath region,where the current is carried only by the ions.This can be approximated byJ i(r)¼en s(r)u Bwhere for argon at T e¼4V we calculate u B¼(e T e=M)1=2%3Â103m=s.This is considerably less than the electron drift velocity j u e j¼m e E¼6Â104m=s,and thus,even ignoring the difference between n s and n,it is not possible for the ions to carry the current in the cathode sheath.The resolution of this contradiction is that secondary electrons,created by ion impact at the cathode,are required to sustain the discharge.The process is similar to that involved in vacuum breakdown, and wasfirst analyzed in that context.Wefirst consider the more straightforward case of vacuum breakdown and then discuss the modifications required to treat the cathode sheath.Vacuum BreakdownConsider electrons emitted from a cathode at z ¼0being accelerated by an electric field and ionizing a neutral background.For a flux G e in the z direction (the direction of the field)a differential equation for the increase in flux can be writtend Ge ¼a (z )G e d z(14:3:1)with the solutionG e (z )¼G e (0)exp ðz0a (z 0)d z 0 !(14:3:2)where a (z );1=l iz (z )is the inverse of an “ionization”mean free path,analogous to the collisional mean free path defined in a similar way in Section 3.1.By continuity of total charge (creation of equal numbers of electron–ion pairs)the electron flux leaving the sheath edge at z ¼d ,minus the electron flux emitted at z ¼0,must be equal to the ion flux striking the cathode at z ¼0,minus the ion flux that enters at z ¼d :G i (0)ÀG i (d )¼G e (0)exp ðd0a (z 0)d z 0 !À1&'(14:3:3)where we have substituted for G e (d )from (14.3.2).For breakdown,the discharge must be self-sustaining.That is,setting G e (0)¼g se G i (0)where g se is the secondary electron emission coefficient at the cathode z ¼0,then (14.3.3)must be satisfied with G i (d )¼0.Solving for the exponential,we obtainexpðd0a (z 0)d z 0 ¼1þ1g se (14:3:4)as the self-sustaining condition.For a vacuum region,E is a constant and the electron drift velocity j u e (z )j ¼m e E ¼const.Hence the electron energy is a constant,allowing us to set a ¼const in (14.3.4).Taking the logarithm of both sides,we havea d ¼ln 1þ1g se (14:3:5)the usual form for the breakdown condition of a dc discharge.The quantity a is known as the first Townsend coefficient .As might be expected from our knowledge of cross sections,a is a complicated function of the pressure and the accelerating field,which is very difficult to calculate.However,we might expect a to be 544DIRECT CURRENT (DC)DISCHARGESexpressed in the forma ¼const l e exp ÀE iz E l e(14:3:6)where l e is the mean free path for inelastic (mainly ionization)electron–neutralcollisions,E l e is a typical electron energy gain in the field between collisions,and E iz is an energy for ionization.Here E l e plays the role that T e plays in (14.2.5).Recognizing that l e /p À1,then (14.3.6)can be written in the forma p¼A exp ÀBp E(14:3:7)where A and B are determined experimentally and found to be roughly constantover a restricted range of E =p for any given gas.Some experimental values of a =n g versus E =n g are shown in Figure 14.3.Here the gas density n g (m À3)¼3:25Â1022p (Torr)at room temperature from (2.3.18).The quantity a =n g is a field-intensified ionization cross section.The reduced field E =n g is often specified in units of townsends (1Td ;10À21V m 2).Fitting the form (14.3.7)to data such as shown in Figure 14.3,the coefficients in Table 14.1are constructed.Combining (14.3.7)with (14.3.5),and setting the breakdown voltage V b ¼Ed ,we have the relationApd exp ÀBpd V b ¼ln 1þ1g se(14:3:8)E nnFIGURE 14.3.Field-intensified ionization cross section a =n g versus reduced field E =n g(1Td ;10À21V m 2)(data provided by Petrovic´and Maric ´,2004).14.3ANALYSIS OF THE CATHODE REGION545Solving (14.3.8)for V b ,we obtainV b ¼Bpd ln Apd Àln ln 1þ1=g seÀÁÂÃ(14:3:9)We see that the breakdown voltage is a function of the product pd .For large values of pd ,V b increases essentially linearly with pd .For small pd there is a limiting value of pd ¼A À1ln (1þ1=g se )below which breakdown cannot occur.The breakdown voltage is a minimum V min at some intermediate value pd ¼(pd )min .The curve V b (pd )is called the Paschen curve ,and is a function of the gas and weakly a function of the electrode material.Typical breakdown curves for plane-parallel electrodes are shown in Figure 14.4.As we shall see,the values of V min and (pd )min play an import-ant role in the more complicated problem of the cathode sheath.Cathode SheathWe now consider the cathode sheath region of a discharge for which the electric field,and consequently a ,is not a constant with position.For a large sheath multiplication,we can still take G i (d )¼0in (14.3.3).Taking the logarithm of (14.3.4)we haveðd0a (z )d z ¼ln 1þ1g se (14:3:10)An exact solution for a (z )would involve an integral equation for the field and bevery difficult to solve.A simpler alternative is to measure the electric field distri-bution,which then becomes a known variation in determining a (z ).Somewhat surprisingly (Cobine,1958),it is found that the matrix sheath (constant ion space charge density,see Section 6.3)well approximates the region,giving a linearTABLE 14.1.Constants of the Equation a /p 5A exp(2Bp /E )AB Range of E /p Gas (cm21Torr 21)(V cm21Torr21)(V cm 21Torr 21)He 2.87730–250Ne 4.4111100–400Ar 11.5176100–600Kr 15.6220100–1000Xe 24330200–800H 2 4.813615–600N 211.8325100–600O 2 6.519050–130CH 417300150–1000CF 41121325–200Source :Fits to data supplied by Petrovic´and Maric ´(2004).546DIRECT CURRENT (DC)DISCHARGESfield variationE%E01Àz d(14:3:11)with z¼0at the cathode and z¼d at the sheath edge.Substituting(14.3.11)in (14.3.7)we havea p ¼A expÀBpE0(1Àz=d)!(14:3:12)and substituting(14.3.12)in(14.3.10)we obtainðd0Ap expÀBpE0(1Àz=d)!d z¼ln1þ1gse(14:3:13) FIGURE14.4.Breakdown voltage for plane-parallel electrodes at208C:(a)noble gases;(b)molecular gases(data supplied by Petrovic´and Maric´,2004).14.3ANALYSIS OF THE CATHODE REGION547which can be evaluated to give E0as a function of d.Integrating E in(14.3.11)from 0to d,we can express E0in terms of the cathode sheath(cathode fall)voltage V c as E0¼2V c=d,which when substituted in(14.3.13)givesAB(pd)2 2V c S2V cBpd¼ln1þ1gse(14:3:14)whereS(z)¼ðzeÀ1=y d y(14:3:15)is a known tabulated integral.If one plots V c(pd)for a given gas(given A and B)and given electrode material(given g se)wefind,as expected,curves that have a minimum V c¼V cmin at some(pd)min.We might expect the discharge to adjust itself to this stable value of d,and this is indeed the case in the normal glow region(see Fig.14.2).Some values of the cathode fall voltage are given in Table14.2a,and some corresponding normal glow cathode fall thicknesses are given in Table14.2b.These values are similar to the values for breakdown.We have not quite reached the end of the story.It is also possible to eliminate d in favor of the current density and gain both new insight into the operation of the normal glow region and also understand the abnormal glow operation.The total current density at the cathode is given byJ(0)¼en i(0)v i(0)(1þg se)(14:3:16)TABLE14.2a.Normal Cathode Fall in VoltsCathode Air Ar H2He Hg N2Ne O2Al229100170140245180120311Ag280130216162318233150C240475Cu370130214177447208220Fe269165250150298215150290Hg142340226K18064945917068Mg22411915312518894310Na2001858017875Ni226131211158275197140Pb207124223177210172Pt277131276165340216152364Zn277119184143216354Source:After Cobine(1958).548DIRECT CURRENT(DC)DISCHARGESwhere n i is the ion density,v i is the ion velocity,and g se gives the fraction of the current due to secondary ing Poisson’s equation with the assumption of constant charge density,we can write en i in terms of the cathode fall potential en i (0)¼e 02V c =d 2.Similarly,assuming a collisional sheath,we have v i (0)¼m i 2V c =d ,where m i is the ion mobility.Substituting these values in (14.3.16)we obtainJ (0)¼4e 0m i V 2c (1þg se )d 3(14:3:17)from which we can eliminate d in favor of J (0).Hence we can determine a Paschen-type curve of V c versus J (0).This is shown in Figure 14.5in terms of normalized parameters.It is clear that with a fixed external voltage source V T and resistance R T ,the dashed curve is unstable,such that if J ¼I =A ,J min ,where A is the effective cathode area;that is,ifV T ÀV cminR T A,J min(14:3:18)then the cathode fall area will constrict to a smaller value.This is the normal glow region.On the other hand,forV T ÀV cminR T A.J min(14:3:19)the solution is stable,and V c will increase with increasing current density.It is this region that is called the abnormal glow ,but as we can see,it is just as normal as the normal glow.TABLE 14.2b.Normal Cathode Fall Thickness pd in Torr cm Cathode Air Ar H 2He Hg N 2Ne O 2Al 0.250.290.72 1.320.330.310.640.24C 0.90.69Cu 0.230.80.6Fe 0.520.330.9 1.300.340.420.720.31Hg 0.9Mg 0.61 1.450.350.25Ni 0.90.4Pb 0.84Pt1.0Source :After Cobine (1958).14.3ANALYSIS OF THE CATHODE REGION549。
肠系膜静脉血栓(MVT)的CT表现
阑尾炎多因及时治疗而不引起肠系膜静脉血栓。
近期手术 手术时凝血机制激活及病人制动等因素使血栓形成几率升高。但术后血栓常无症状， 很难统计确切发病率。
门脉高压 肝硬化常合并凝血异常。肝功能失代偿常同时合并凝血功能障碍、高凝状态和纤溶 亢进。肝病所致高凝状态可能与肝血流减少、慢性肝炎所致血管病变及抗凝蛋白分 泌减少有关。
侧枝循环 广泛血栓时侧枝循环建立不佳。
肠壁积气和肠系膜-门脉积气 传统观点认为肠壁积气和肠系膜-门脉积气是透壁性肠梗死的可靠征象，但最近研究表明部分肠缺 血也可导致上述征象。静脉积气可也见于非缺血性疾病如感染。
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肠外非血管异常 肠系膜脂肪水肿 与动脉栓塞相比，肠系膜静脉血栓时肠系膜脂肪水肿范围更大，腹水更多。 肠管扩张 肠管扩张的原因：肠缺血所致的肠道蠕动减弱，透壁性肠梗死所致的肠收缩功能丧 失。 腹腔游离气体 静脉性肠缺血可引起肠穿孔或节段性肠梗塞，导致腹腔游离气体。 肠系膜静脉血栓的诊断主要靠血管异常征象，而肠壁及肠外非血管异常具有非特异 性，也见于消化道的感染和炎症。
血栓形成较慢时，因有足够时间形成侧枝循环，所以很少发生肠梗死。
精品课件
Anatomy of the Mesenteric Venous System肠系 膜静脉系统解剖
精品课件
静脉性肠缺血 肠系膜静脉内血栓（箭头）， 粘膜下水肿（箭）
精品课件
肠系膜静脉血栓的CT表现 Mural signs肠壁异常 Bowel wall thickening 肠壁增厚 Intramural edema 肠壁水肿 Intramural hemorrhage 壁内血肿 Abnormal wall enhancement 肠壁异常强化 Halo sign/target sign 晕轮征 Pneumatosis intestinalis 肠壁积气
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Chris Salter
(National Astronomy & Ionosphere Center, Arecibo Observatory, Puerto Rico)
Principal Collaborators
The Arecibo 305-m Radio Telescope
Diameter = 305m; Platform Height = 137 m; Frequency Range = 327 MHz – 10 GHz Pointing Accuracy ~ 5 arcsec (rms) Sensitivity ~ 11 K/Jy 1.4 GHz, (1 Jy = 10-26 W m-2 Hz-1) System Temperature ~ 25 K 1.4 GHz
(ONT – OFFT) ------------------(ONC – OFFC)
cancels the standing-wave residual, leaving a baselined spectrum whose amplitude is proportional to the ratio of the flux densities of the Target and Calibrator sources.
HI and OH Absorption in CSS/GPS Sources
J0119+3210 (4C+31.04: HI)
HI: N(HI) = 1.84 1018 Ts(K) 1420(v) dv / fc cm-2 OH: N(OH) = 2.25 1014 Tex(K) 1667(v) dv / fc cm-2
HI and OH Absorption in CSS/GPS Sources IV
HI and OH Absorption in CSS/GPS Sources V
Cooling Flow Cluster, Abell 2390
OH Satellite Lines in Arp 220
2MASS image of Arp 200 (3 x 3)
HST image of 3C258 (de Vries et al. 2019), overlaid by 5-GHzcontours (Akujor et al. (1991).
N(HI) = 5.0 1020 cm-2, for Ts = 100 K N(OH) 1.1 1014 cm-2, for Tex = 10 K N(HI) / N(OH) 4.4 106
Observing Complications
Position Switching:
Track ON (Target) for t min, then track OFF (Reference) position for same length of time, tracking over the same pattern in (Az, El), i.e. track the ‘footprint’ over the same path on the dish.
HI and OH Absorption in CSS/GPS Sources II
J1347+1217 (4C12.50: HI)
J2316+0405 (3C459: HI)
J1407+2827 (Mrk 668: HI)
J0901+2901 (3C213.1)
HI anБайду номын сангаас OH Absorption in CSS/GPS Sources III
1665/1667 MHz
1420 MHz
OH Satellite Lines in Arp 220: II
1720 MHz 1612 MHz
Damped Ly- Absorber Search
Double Position Switching (DPS)
The residual “baseline” ripple from a source’s continuum emission is proportional to the intensity (flux density) of the target. Hence, if we also observe an ON/OFF pattern on another continuum source of different redshift (Calibrator), tracking over a similar (Az, El) range to the Target source, then the quantity,
• Tapasi Ghosh (NAIC, Arecibo) — Especially • Emmanuel Momjian (NAIC, Arecibo) • D.J. Saikia (NCRA, Pune, India) • Neeraj Gupta (NCRA, Pune, Arecibo) • Karen O’Neil (NRAO, Green Bank, WV)
(ON – OFF) subtracts out standing waves (if they are the same for ON and OFF), while OFF provides a reference bandpass. Thus, (ON – OFF) / OFF normally supplies a “standing-wave free”, bandpass-corrected, spectrum.
Observing with the 305-m Telescope
Drive Configuration = Simple Azimuth/Elevation Highly Blocked Aperture (Platform, Support cables, Tie-downs,
Dome, Dish centre panels, etc.) Accessible Zenith Angle Range 19.7 degrees Sky Coverage: 0h R.A. 24h; –1.4 deg Dec 38.0 deg
HOWEVER, if the target radiates continuum emission, as well as spectral lines, the quantity (ON – OFF) does not at all cancel the standing waves due to that continuum emission, and the (ON – OFF)/OFF spectrum is degraded by a “baseline ripple”. If the path difference between the direct and reflected rays is 2D, then the baseline ripple across the spectrum has a repetition frequency of 10-6 * c/2D MHz/cycle ~ 1 MHz for Arecibo.
Zenith Angle
18.80 15.90 (rising)
18.80 12.90 (transit) 13.20
14.80 (setting)
17.30
Double Position Switching II
Integration time ~ 20 hr RMS noise = 350 Jy/beam In theory, simple Position Switching results in about a factor of two better SNR for a given integration time than DPS. In practice, for a source emitting continuum radiation, the SNR soon ceases to improve by t, and DPS quickly surpasses it. DPS continues to integrate down as t for at least 20 hr.