2023年安徽省马鞍山市高考英语第三次质检试卷-普通用卷

2023年安徽省马鞍山市高考英语第三次质检试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Even if you only have one day to spare，these stretches of sand guarantee a relaxing getaway.Start planning your next day by the shore with this list of the best East Coast attractions.
Block Island，Rhode Island
Down the rocky，scenic Mohegan Bluffs，Block Island is known for its 17 miles of beaches.Baby Beach features shallow，gentle surf for kids to play in，and Fred Benson Town Beach offers a bathhouse，rental chairs，and umbrellas.Visitors can take a boat to Block Island from Point Judith and Newport. Hampton Beach，New Hampshire
Drive along New Hampshire's 18-mile coast until you reach Hampton Beach，a broad stretch of sand overlooking the Atlantic Ocean that's considered one of the cleanest beaches in the country.The attractions include a market with shops，eateries and games；a marine （海洋的）life discovery center；and a historical society.
Ocean City，Maryland
Choose Ocean City for your next beach vacation if you want a lot of options：You'll find 10 miles of beaches，a 3-mile boardwalk，a load of restaurants，and tons of shops.There are many pet-friendly hotels，though dogs are only welcome on the beach in the colder months between October 1 and April
30.Horseback riding on part of the beach is allowed in the offseason as well （November to March）. Canaveral National Seashore，Florida
Canaveral National Seashore attracts space fans and nature lovers alike thanks to its closeness to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex and its 24 miles of beach habitat.Kids can enjoy a free Junior Ranger activity book while visiting this island.
1. Which activity can people do on Hampton Beach？______
A. Go horseback riding.
B. Enjoy a boat travel.
C. Learn more about space.
D. Visit a local market.
2. What do we know about Ocean City？______
A. It has pet-friendly hotels.
B. It is the cleanest beach.
C. It has a marine life center.
D. It is located in Florida.
3. Which of the following has the longest beach？______
A. Block Island.
B. Hampton Beach.
C. Ocean City.
D. Canaveral National Seashore.
B
In Tennessee，you will find a "secret society" that consists of 9 women who call themselves "The 9 Nanas." Its mission is simple — to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need.The Nanas have been together since childhood.Several of them were raised by MaMaw and PaPaw，a couple that were always doing good for the community.
One day when the 9 Nanas got together，they started recollecting the old days with MaMaw and PaPaw.They fondly recalled how MaMaw Ruth used to bake and send pound cakes to families who had recently lost someone.The "sisters" wanted to do good for their community too.So，the "secret society" of "The 9 Nanas" was born.
The ladies kept their ears open as they ran their daily work.Whenever they heard of someone in need，they'd step in to help.A package would be sent，which would always include one of MaMaw Ruth's pound cakes and a note that said "Somebody loves you."
Believe it or not，the group operated in secret for 30 years!But by then，the husbands had started to get suspicious.So the 9 Nanas gathered the husbands and spilled the beans.Their husbands wanted in on the fun.That's when the operation was taken to the next level!
Now，over 5 years since the husbands uncovered their wives' secret，the 9 Nanas are still going strong.They said，"Not everyone is as lucky as we were to have MaMaw and PaPaw to take care of them.So this is our way of giving back.We want to make sure that happiness happens."
4. What is the task of the "secret society"？______
A. To uncover secrets.
B. To search for lost family members.
C. To spread happiness.
D. To attend kids for working parents.
5. What inspired the 9 Nanas to start the "secret society"？______
A. A thank-you note.
B. Their similar interests.
C. A special package.
D. Their common memories.
6. Which of the following best explains "spilled the beans" underlined in paragraph 4？______
A. Told the truth.
B. Shared snacks.
C. Asked for help.
D. Made promises.
7. Which of the following best describes the 9 Nanas______
A. Practical and polite.
B. Humble and humorous.
C. Caring and devoted.
D. Outgoing and disciplined.
C
A report issued on the eve of the first major U.N.conference on water in more than 45 years says 26% of the world's population doesn't have access to safe drinking water and 46% lacks access to basic sanitation （卫生）.The U.N.World Water Development Report 2023，released Tuesday，painted an unpleasant picture of the huge gap that needs to be filled to meet U.N.goals to ensure all the 8 billion people have access to clean water and sanitation by 2030.
According to the report，water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over the last 40 years and is expected to grow at a similar rate through to 2050，mainly driven by population growth in urban areas.
With agriculture using 70% of all water globally，Richard Connor，editor in chief of the report，said，irrigation （灌溉）for crops has to be more efficient.As a direct result of climate change，an increase in intensity or frequency of droughts and "heat extremes" can be expected in most regions.On average，"10% of the global population lives in countries with high or critical water stress" — and up to 3.5 billion people live under conditions of water stress at least one month a year，said the report.
As for water pollution，Connor said，the biggest source of pollution is untreated wastewater. "Globally，80% of wastewater is released to the environment without any treatment，" he said，"and in many developing countries it's pretty much 99%."
These issues will be discussed during the three-day U.N.Water Conference opening Wednesday.There are 171 countries，including over 100 ministers，on the speakers list along with more than 20 organizations.The meeting will also include five "interactive dialogues" and dozens of side events.
8. How many people lack safe drinking water according to the report？______
A. About 0.8 billion.
B. About 2 billion.
C. About 3.6 billion.
D. About 6 billion.
9. What does the report say about water use？______
A. It has been increasing steadily every year.
B. It contributes to environmental pollution.
C. It is highly efficient in agricultural irrigation.
D. It is stressful for 3.5 billion people throughout the year.
10. What does the report mainly focus on according to the text？______
A. Comparing opinions.
B. Analyzing causes.
C. Introducing policies.
D. Offering solutions.
11. What can we learn about water shortage from the last paragraph？______
A. It has caused regional conflicts.
B. It will be eased in most countries.
C. It has attracted worldwide attention.
D. It can be managed by treating wastewater.
D
Scientists have invented ways to "read" words directly from brains.Brain implants（植入物）can translate internal speech into external signals，permitting communication from people with diseases that steal their ability to talk or type.New results from studies provide additional evidence of the extraordinary potential that brain implants have for restoring lost communication.
Some people who need help communicating can currently use devices that require small movements，such as eye gaze changes.Those tasks aren't possible for everyone.So the new studies targeted internal speech，which requires a person to do nothing more than think. "Our device predicts internal speech directly，allowing the patient to just focus on saying a word inside their head and transform it into text，" says neuroscientist Sarah Wandelt. "Internal speech could be simpler than requiring the patient to spell out words or mouth them."
Neural（神经系统的）signals associated with words are detected by electrodes（电极）implanted in the brain.The signals can then be translated into text，which can be made audible（听得见的）by computer programs that generate speech.Electrodes picked up nerve cell signals in the posterior parietal cortex，a
brain area involved in speech and hand movements.A brain implant there might eventually be used to control devices that can perform tasks usually done by a hand too，Wandelt says.
The system allowed Pancho，who hadn't been able to speak for more than 15 years after a car accident，to produce around seven words per minute.That's faster than the roughly five words per minute his current communication device can make，but much slower than normal speech，typically about 150 words a minute.
To be useful，the current techniques will need to get faster and more accurate. " These are still early days for the technologies，" Wandelt says. "Progress will be possible only with the help of people who volunteer for the studies.The field will continue to benefit from the incredible people who participate in clinical trials."
12. What function is expected of the brain implants？______
A. To control body movements.
B. To detect certain brain diseases.
C. To assist communication.
D. To translate foreign languages.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the system？______
A. Its working principle.
B. Its technical limitation.
C. Its clinical significance.
D. Its potential application.
14. What can we infer about the system from the last paragraph？______
A. It has got as fast as normal speech.
B. It has not been put in clinical trials.
C. It is more accurate than current techniques.
D. It is not of much practical use at present.
15. What is the purpose of the text______
A. To describe a trial.
B. To introduce a device.
C. To advertise a product.
D. To explain a concept.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Life as a student means that you have to face and handle different types of challenges.Many young people place high demands on themselves and their academic performance，which can lead to feeling stressed.
（1）______ A study has shown that positive stress strengthens the immune system，enhances memory，and improves decision-making skills.In the short term，stress is an effective and positive reaction in the body. （2）______ For this reason，it's important to find a balance between studying and resting. When stressed，it's easy to opt out of physical activities to save on study time，but it's precisely during stressful periods that it's essential to take care of your body and move as much as possible.Try walking or cycling to school，or getting off the bus some distance from the school and walking the last bit.（3）______ Trying to catch up with more of your studies by sleeping less is not a good idea.The consequence is that you quickly lose in efficiency and energy，and then the studies take longer instead. （4）______ Sleep is needed for the body and brain to rest，recover and process new knowledge.
（5）______ Since the brain is unable to maintain full focus for long periods，it's good to take micro-breaks every hour，stand up and stretch for a few minutes.We often want to complete our assignments as soon as possible，perhaps with the idea of rewarding ourselves with rest later，but we need to turn this around.
If，as a student，you begin to notice symptoms（症状）of stress，find ways to manage it.
A.Stress is a natural reaction in the body.
B.School plays an important role in a student's life.
C.As students，we need to get between 7-9 hours of sleep per night.
D.Another thing that helps is moments of rest during the school day.
E.But if it continues to exist for a long period，it can be directly harmful.
F.Being physically active will significantly increase your stress resistance.
G.Learning different techniques to relax can have a positive effect on your health.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
It's been said the power is in your hands to become anything you want to become.For Dewitt resident Jerome Schafer，that's （1）______ !Schafer is a builder by trade，but his other （2）______ is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard.
For the last six years，Schafer has been （3）______ the residents of Clinton County's Gunnisonville Meadows Assisted Living Center to （4）______ some of the "classics，" as he calls them. "I'm playing a lot of songs.I （5）______ many years to the 30s，40s and like that，" he said.
Joe Smith is a （6）______ listener. "He plays here every Wednesday.I wouldn't miss it，" Smith said. "He （7）______ about 10：30 in the morning and plays until 11：30." Anita Iocco says listening to Schafer play is the （8）______ of her week. "I wouldn't miss it.I always （9）______ of being here，" she said. Schafer has been playing music since he was 14 years old，and 80 years later，he is still playing.He says he hasn't had any formal （10）______ lessons and doesn't read music.
His granddaughter，Nicole Yabs，drives him to and from the （11）______ concert.Yabs says Wednesdays with her （12）______ are her favorite part of the week. "I don't think a lot of people （13）______ the time that they spend with their grandparents，but I know that I （14）______ value that，" she said. Schafer says he'll keep playing as long as he can. "I （15）______ seeing the people enjoying it，so that's enough for me，" he said.
21. A. true B. fantastic C. initial D. ideal
22. A. career B. quality C. talent D. budget
23. A. treating B. visiting C. leading D. following
24. A. teach B. learn C. read D. play
25. A. go back B. put on C. take off D. look forward
26. A. choosy B. sympathetic C. professional D. regular
27. A. sings B. comes C. waits D. rests
28. A. application B. preparation C. highlight D. responsibility
29. A. lose control B. take a note C. keep track D. make a point
30. A. piano B. tennis C. cooking D. trade
31. A. classical B. evening C. weekly D. closing
32. A. mother B. grandmother C. father D. grandfather
33. A. appreciate B. waste C. keep D. need
34. A. properly B. definitely C. easily D. secretly
35. A. avoid B. admit C. enjoy D. remember
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. About one year ago，24-year-old Alex Wong found himself struggling with his mental health.With （1）______ （anxious），he couldn't fall asleep，especially at night.
"I would hole up in my room during the day and stay awake all night because I didn't want to interact （2）______ others and let them see me at my worst，"says Wong.
It was during this time that Wong （3）______ （feel）that he needed to find purpose and meaning in his life，so he signed up to volunteer with ImpactHK，a charity that （4）______ （primary）helps homeless people.
Wong took part in the group's "kindness walks，" （5）______ （walk）through Tsim Sha Tsui to hand out food and other essential （6）______ （item）to homeless people.Today，he volunteers （7）______ （lead）these walks once or twice a week.
"Doing this work makes me feel grateful for everything I have.My homeless friends may be down on （8）______ （they）luck and have nothing，yet they're content，and they've helped me understand that I can be happy too，even when things aren't going my way.I've also developed strong bonds with my fellow volunteers，many of （9）______ I've become close friends with."
Wong says that he's in （10）______ better emotional space these days. "Helping my homeless friends has given my days new meaning and purpose and made me realize how good life can be."
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信请你推荐一座中国的旅游城市。

请你给他写封回信，内容包括：
（1）推荐的城市；
（2）你的理由。

注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter，
Yours，Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One morning Jack woke up with an aching arm.He touched it carefully with one finger.Ow!That really hurt!He climbed out of bed and put on his dressing gown（睡袍），very，very carefully.Then he went downstairs.
Mum was in the kitchen，searching for cornflakes（玉米片）in the cupboard.
"We're out of cornflakes again，" she said，not looking round.
"Mum，" Jack began，"I think there's something wrong with my…"
But at that moment，Lucy，Jack's twin sister，came into the kitchen.
"Mum，" she cried，"I'm very，very ill!Very ill indeed!My stomach hurts really，really bad!I am far too sick to go to school!"
Mum was worried.She felt Lucy's forehead. "You do feel hot.But you were fine yesterday."
"I'm not fine now，" said Lucy. "Please，Mum.Can I go back to bed？"
Lucy didn't even want breakfast.Jack tried to tell Mum about his arm.But Mum was too worried about Lucy.
"Please just get dressed，Jack，or you will be late for school!"
Mum stayed home to look after Lucy.Dad gave Jack a lift to school，and Jack tried to explain about his arm. "I was playing football yesterday and I hit my arm and it still hurts，" he said. "Probably just a bruise（瘀伤），" said Dad. "I hope Lucy is better soon.She looked a bit feverish to me."
It's always about Lucy，thought Jack crossly.
At school，Jack had to be very careful of his arm.He had to keep it really still.Luckily he could still write with his other hand.At home，Mum was looking after Lucy.She put her back to bed and brought her a glass of warm water.She read her a story.
"How do you feel now？" she asked. "Would you like to try a little breakfast？"
"I can't eat a thing，" said Lucy.
Mum was worried.It wasn't like Lucy not to eat anything.She bent down to pick Lucy's teddy bear off the floor.As she did so，she caught sight of something under the bed.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A huge pile of candy wrappers（包装纸）!And an empty box!__________
Mrs Smailes，the headteacher，came running to meet them. "I think you need to go straight to hospital.Jack is there!"__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、A、D
（1）细节理解题。

根据Hampton Beach，New Hampshire标题下The attractions include a market 【解析】
with shops，eateries and games；a marine （海洋的）life discovery center；and a historical society.（景点包括一个有商店、餐馆和游戏的市场；海洋生物发现中心；以及一个历史社会）可知，在汉普顿海滩可做的事情是参观当地市场。

A．Go horseback riding.去骑马；B．Enjoy a boat travel.享受乘船旅行；C．Learn more about space.解更多关于太空的知识；D．Visit a local market.参观当地市场。

故选D项。

（2）细节理解题。

根据Ocean City，Maryland标题下There are many pet-friendly hotels，though dogs are only welcome on the beach in the colder months between October 1 and April 30.（虽然只有在10
月1日至4月30日这段寒冷的月份，海滩上才欢迎狗狗，但这里有许多宠物友好型酒店）可知，在大西洋城有宠物友好型酒店。

故选A项。

（3）细节理解题。

根据Block Island，Rhode Island标题下17 miles of beaches（17英里长的海滩）及Hampton Beach，New Hampshire标题下18-mile coast（18英里长的海岸）及Ocean City，Maryland 标题下10 miles of beaches（10英里长的海滩）及Canaveral National Seashore，Florida标题下24 miles of beach habitat（24英里的海滩栖息地）可知，卡纳维拉尔国家海岸是最长的。

故选D项。

这是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了美国东海岸的几个最佳景点。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。

阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。

此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，
研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。

要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

4~7.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。

根据首段第一二句In Tennessee，
you will find a "secret society" that consists of 9 women who call themselves "The 9 Nanas." Its mission
is simple — to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. （在田纳西州，你会发现一个"秘密社团"，由9名自称为"九位奶奶"的女性组成。

它的使命很简单---通过为有需要的人做一些随机的善举来传播快乐。

）可知，秘密社团的任务是传播快乐。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第二段最后三句
They fondly recalled how MaMaw Ruth used to bake and send pound cakes to families who had recently lost someone.The "sisters" wanted to do good for their community too.So，
the "secret society" of "The 9 Nanas" was born. （她们深情地回忆起露丝妈妈过去是如何为那些刚刚失去亲人的家庭烘烤并寄送一磅蛋糕的。

"姐妹们"也想为她们的社区做点好事。

于是，"九位奶奶"的"秘密社团"诞生了。

）可知，她们对露丝妈妈的回忆激发她们为社区做点好事，于是成立了秘密社团。

故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据倒数第二段第二三四句But by then，
the husbands had started to get suspicious.So the 9 Nanas gathered the husbands and spilled the beans.T heir husbands wanted in on the fun. （但到那时，丈夫们已经开始怀疑了。

于是，奶奶们把丈夫们聚集在一起，她们的丈夫也想加入其中。

）可知，她们的丈夫们最初怀疑，但在被聚集一起后就想加入她们，说明奶奶们把秘密社团的事情告诉了他们。

故划线短语spilled the beans应为"讲出事实"。

A．Told the truth.讲出事实；B．Shared snacks.共享零食；C．Asked for help.请求帮助；
D．Made promises.许下承诺。

故选A。

（4）观点态度题。

根据首段第一二句In Tennessee，
you will find a "secret society" that consists of 9 women who call themselves "The 9 Nanas." Its mission is simple—to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. （在田纳西州，你会发现一个"秘密社团"，由9名自称为"九位奶奶"的女性组成。

它的使命很简单---通过为有需要的人做一些随机的善举来传播快乐。

）可知，奶奶们乐于奉献，关心他人。

A．Practical and polite.实用又有礼貌的；B．Humble and humorous.谦逊幽默的；C．Caring and devoted.关心和奉献的；D．Outgoing and disciplined.外向且守纪律的。

故选C。

本文是一篇记叙文。

介绍了一个由9名女性组成的自称为"The 9 Nanas"的秘密社团，通过为有需要的人做一些随机的善举来传播快乐。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。

阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。

此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。

要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此
类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】B、A、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。

根据首段
A report issued on the eve of the first major U.N.conference on water in more than 45 years says 26% of the world's population doesn't have access to safe drinking water and 46% lacks access to basic sanitatio n （卫生）.The U.N.World Water Development Report 2023，released Tuesday，
painted an unpleasant picture of the huge gap that needs to be filled to meet U.N.goals to ensure all the 8 billion people have access to clean water and sanitation by 2030. （在联合国召开45年来首次关于水的重要会议前夕发布的一份报告称，世界上26%的人口无法获得安全饮用水，46%的人口缺乏基本的卫生设施。

周二发布的联合国《2023年世界水发展报告》描绘了一幅令人不快的画面，即要实现联合国确保到2030年所有80亿人都能获得清洁水和卫生设施的目标，还需要填补巨大的差距。

）可知，全球是80亿人口，有26%的人口无法获得安全饮用水，所以可知，应是20.8亿人无法获得安全饮用水。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第二段According to the report，
water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over the last 40 years and is expected to g row at a similar rate through to 2050，mainly driven by population growth in urban areas. （根据该报告，主要受城市地区人口增长的推动，在过去40年里，全球用水量以每年约1%的速度增长，预计以类似的速度增长到2050年。

）可知，用水量以每年约1%的速度稳步增长。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第二段According to the report，
water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over the last 40 years and is expected to g row at a similar rate through to 2050，mainly driven by population growth in urban areas. （根据该报告，主要受城市地区人口增长的推动，在过去40年里，全球用水量以每年约1%的速度增长，预计以类似的速度增长到2050年。

），第三段首句With agriculture using 70% of all water globally，Richard Connor，editor in chief of the report，said，irrigation （灌
溉） for crops has to be more efficient. （该报告的主编理查德•康纳说，由于农业用水占全球总用水量的70%，农作物的灌溉必须提高效率。

）以及第四段首句As for water pollution，Connor said，the biggest source of pollution is untreated wastewater. （至于水污染，康纳说，最大的污染源是未经处理的废水。

）可知，分析了三个导致缺水问题的原因。

A．Comparing opinions.比较意见；B．Analyzing causes.分析原因；C．Introducing policies.出台政策；D．Offering solutions.提供解决
方案。

故选B。

（4）推理判断题。

根据末段第二句
These issues will be discussed during the three-day U.N.Water Conference opening Wednesday.There ar e 171 countries，including over 100 ministers，
on the speakers list along with more than 20 organizations. （这些问题将在周三开幕的为期三天的联合国水资源会议上讨论。

有171个国家，包括100多位部长，以及20多个组织在发言名单上。

）可知，缺水问题已经引起了全世界广泛的关注。

故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。

首先介绍了全球缺水的现象，然后分析了导致缺水的三个问题，最后这一问题终于引起了全世界的广泛关注。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。

阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。

此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。

要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此
类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

12~15.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段中Brain implants（植入物）can translate internal speech into external signals，permitting communication from people with diseases that steal their ability to talk or type.（大脑植入物可以将内部语言转换为外部信号，使患有疾病的人能够与他人交流，这些疾病窃取了他们说话或打字的能力。

）可知，大脑植入物的功能是为了协助沟通。

故选C。

（2）段落大意题。

根据第三段Neural（神经系统的）signals associated with words are detected by electrodes（电极）implanted in the brain.The signals can then be translated into text，which can be made audible（听得见的）by computer programs that generate speech.Electrodes picked up nerve cell signals in the posterior parietal cortex，a brain area involved in speech and hand movements.A brain implant there might eventually be used to control devices that can perform tasks usually done by a hand too，（与单词相关的神经信号通过植入大脑的电极来检测。

然后，这些信号可以被翻译成文本，这些文本可以通过生成语音的计算机程序发出声音。

电极接收到后顶叶皮层的神经细胞信号，这是大脑中与语言和手部运动有关的区域。

那里的大脑植入物可能最终会被用来控制那些可以执行通常由手完成的任务的设备，）可知，第3段主要告诉我们关于这个系统的"工作原理"。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的To be useful，the current techniques will need to get faster and more accurate. " These are still early days for the technologies，" Wandelt says. "Progress will be possible only with the help of people who volunteer for the studies.The field will continue to benefit from the incredible people who participate in clinical trials.""（为了发挥作用，目前的技术需要变得更快、更准确。

Wandelt说："这些技术还处于早期阶段。

"。

"只有在自愿参与研究的人的帮助下，才能取得进展。

该领域将继续受益于参与临床试验的令人难以置信的人。

）可知，最后一段讲述的是"它目前没有多少实际用途。

"故选D。

（4）目的意图题。

根据第二段中Our device predicts internal speech directly，allowing the patient to just focus on saying a word inside their head and transform it into text，（我们的设备直接预测内部语音，让病人只专注于在他们的脑海里说一个词，然后把它转换成文本，）可知，文章介绍一种新的设备。

科学家已经发明了直接从大脑中"读"单词的方法。

大脑植入物可以将内部语言转换为外部信号，使患有疾病的人能够与他人交流，这些疾病窃取了他们说话或打字的能力。

研究的新结果提供了额外的证据，证明大脑植入物在恢复失去的沟通方面具有非凡的潜力。

所以文章的目的是"介绍一种设备。

"A．To describe a trial.描述一场审判；B．To introduce a device.介绍一种设备；。