跨文化商务交际--Time Across Cultures
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Helmut: a businessman from Germany Alberto: an Italian partner Place: Rome to have a meeting at 10:00
9:45: H arrived and waited 10:00: no one appeared 10:15: H still sat alone 10:30: A strolled in and H got angry
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 11 of 16
Cyclical Time循环轮回时间观（2）
Circular-time
• Connections, unity and wholeness • Focus on the past • Decisions made neither quickly nor in isolation • Keen sense of the value of time • Respect for punctuality • Forging of relationship …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 7 of 16
Flexible Time灵活时间观（1）
P-time: Polychronic Time (多向性时间观）
• Since the house is on fire, let us warm ourselves.
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 5 of 16
Linear Time线性时间观（2）
M-time: Monochronic Time (单向性时间观）
• Time as a precious commodity • Concentrate on one task at a time • The importance of schedules • A focus on the future • Measuring time in small units • Adhere to plans …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 15 of 16
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 16 of 16
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 10 of 16
Cyclical Time循环轮回时间观（1）
Circular-time
• Time cures. • Time heals all the wounds. • 人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似。
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 4 of 16
Linear Time线性时间观（1）
M-time: Monochronic Time (单向性时间观）
• The morning sun never lasts a day. • Lost an hour in the morning, chase it all day long.
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 12 of 16
Cyclical Time循环轮回时间观（3）
Circular-time
• Asian cultures • African cultures • Native American cultures …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 8 of 16
Flexible Time灵活时间观（2）
P-time: Polychronic Time (多向性时间观）
• Emphasis on relationships • Do many things at once • Change plans often and easily • A focus on the present • A reluctance to measure …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Business English Office September 2013 Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 1 of 16
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across CultuLeabharlann Baidues
Slide 13 of 16
Case study
• Italian-Swiss Breakdown
Slide 14 of 16
Homework
• Country Expert Presentation
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 3 of 16
Why A not upset and H angry?
A. Alberto had other things to do and did not care about being on time. B. Meetings can easily be arranged for both parties involved. C. Germans are more interested in schedules and punctuality than in the content of the meeting. D. Italians organize their time in a different way from that of Germans.
Cross-cultural Communication Unit One Lesson Two Slide 6 of 16
Linear Time线性时间观（3）
M-time: Monochronic Time (单向性时间观）
• Anglo-Saxon people • Germanic people • Scandinavian people
Scope
• • • • • Lead-in Cultural Views of Time Case Study Quiz Homework
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 2 of 16
Lead-in: Time differs culturally
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 9 of 16
Flexible Time灵活时间观（3）
P-time: Polychronic Time (多向性时间观）
• Southern Europeans • Mediterranean cultures • Central and South American cultures (Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, Arabs, Latinos)
9:45: H arrived and waited 10:00: no one appeared 10:15: H still sat alone 10:30: A strolled in and H got angry
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 11 of 16
Cyclical Time循环轮回时间观（2）
Circular-time
• Connections, unity and wholeness • Focus on the past • Decisions made neither quickly nor in isolation • Keen sense of the value of time • Respect for punctuality • Forging of relationship …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 7 of 16
Flexible Time灵活时间观（1）
P-time: Polychronic Time (多向性时间观）
• Since the house is on fire, let us warm ourselves.
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 5 of 16
Linear Time线性时间观（2）
M-time: Monochronic Time (单向性时间观）
• Time as a precious commodity • Concentrate on one task at a time • The importance of schedules • A focus on the future • Measuring time in small units • Adhere to plans …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 15 of 16
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 16 of 16
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 10 of 16
Cyclical Time循环轮回时间观（1）
Circular-time
• Time cures. • Time heals all the wounds. • 人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似。
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 4 of 16
Linear Time线性时间观（1）
M-time: Monochronic Time (单向性时间观）
• The morning sun never lasts a day. • Lost an hour in the morning, chase it all day long.
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 12 of 16
Cyclical Time循环轮回时间观（3）
Circular-time
• Asian cultures • African cultures • Native American cultures …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 8 of 16
Flexible Time灵活时间观（2）
P-time: Polychronic Time (多向性时间观）
• Emphasis on relationships • Do many things at once • Change plans often and easily • A focus on the present • A reluctance to measure …
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Business English Office September 2013 Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 1 of 16
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across CultuLeabharlann Baidues
Slide 13 of 16
Case study
• Italian-Swiss Breakdown
Slide 14 of 16
Homework
• Country Expert Presentation
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 3 of 16
Why A not upset and H angry?
A. Alberto had other things to do and did not care about being on time. B. Meetings can easily be arranged for both parties involved. C. Germans are more interested in schedules and punctuality than in the content of the meeting. D. Italians organize their time in a different way from that of Germans.
Cross-cultural Communication Unit One Lesson Two Slide 6 of 16
Linear Time线性时间观（3）
M-time: Monochronic Time (单向性时间观）
• Anglo-Saxon people • Germanic people • Scandinavian people
Scope
• • • • • Lead-in Cultural Views of Time Case Study Quiz Homework
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures
Slide 2 of 16
Lead-in: Time differs culturally
Cross-cultural Communication Time Across Cultures Slide 9 of 16
Flexible Time灵活时间观（3）
P-time: Polychronic Time (多向性时间观）
• Southern Europeans • Mediterranean cultures • Central and South American cultures (Italians, Spaniards, Portuguese, Arabs, Latinos)