神经专业词汇
神经科学相关中英词汇
cerebellum 小脑cortex 皮质又称“皮层”。
cerebral cortex 大脑皮质neocortex 新皮质white matter 白质gray matter 灰质frontal lobe 额叶prefrontal cortex 前额皮质premotor area 运动前区motor area 运动区Broca's area 布罗卡区temporal lobe 颞叶auditory area 听觉区auditory center 听觉中枢parietal lobe 顶叶central sulcus 中央沟occipital lobe 枕叶visual area 视觉区visual cortex 视觉皮质association area of cerebral cortex 大脑皮质联合区association fiber 联合纤维limbic system 边缘系统hippocampal formation 海马结构hippocampus 海马olfactory area 嗅觉区cingulate gyrus 扣带回amygdala 杏仁核septal area 隔区medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束olfactory tract 嗅束commissural fiber 连合纤维corpus callosum 胼胝体basal ganglia 基底神经节diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核lateral hypothalamus area, LHA 外侧下丘脑区ventromedial hypothalamus, VMH 腹内侧下丘脑pineal body 松果体pituitary gland 脑垂体pyramidal system 锥体系统extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统specific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质特异投射系统nonspecific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质非特异投射系统brain stem 脑干corpora quadrigemina 四叠体lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体核medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体核formatic reticularis 网状结构cochlear nucleus 耳蜗神经核dorsal root 背根nerve 神经nerve cell 神经细胞nerve fiber 神经纤维nerve degeneration 神经退变neural regeneration 神经再生autonomic nervous system, ANS 自主神经系统cranial nerve 脑神经myelin sheath 髓鞘nervi olfactory 嗅神经nervi statoacusticus 听神经又称“位听神经”。
神经外科英语词汇
神经外科英语词汇一诊断名词髓母细胞瘤Medulloblasto ma室管膜瘤Ependymoma少枝胶质瘤Oligodendrogl ioma脑膜瘤Meningioma颅咽管瘤Craniopharyng ioma神经瘤Neuroma听神经瘤Acoustic Neuroma 血管母细胞瘤Hemangioblastoma胶质瘤Glioma星形细胞瘤Astrocytoma胶母细胞瘤Glioblastoma畸胎瘤Teratoma胆脂瘤Cholesteatoma上皮样囊肿Epidermoidscyst脊索瘤Chordoma松果体瘤Pineal tumour生殖细胞瘤Germinoma骨瘤osteoma先天性肿瘤Congenitaltumour颈A-海绵窦漏Carotico-cavernous fistula头皮和颅骨损伤Scalp andskull injury原发伤Primarylesions蛛网膜下腔出血Subarachnoidhemorrhage颅内血肿Intracranial hematoma/clot硬膜外血肿Epidural hematoma硬膜下血肿Subdural heamtoma弥漫性轴索损伤diffuse axonal injury挫伤Contusion裂伤laceration继发伤Secondary lesions脑肿胀Brain swelling 颅骨骨折Skullfracture脑脓肿Brain abscess脑膜炎Meningitis脑脊液漏CSF leak鼻漏Rhinorrhea耳漏Otorrhea化脓性脑膜炎PyogenicMeningitis耳源脓肿Otogenicabscess无菌性脑膜炎Asepticmeningitis硬膜下积液Subduraleffusions血管瘤Angiomas神经纤维瘤Neurofibroma蛛网膜囊肿Arachnoid cyst脊髓空洞Syringomyelia髓内肿瘤Intramedullary tumour颅内动脉瘤Intracranialaneurysm梗阻性脑积水Obstructivehydrocephalus头痛Headache视乳头水肿Papilloedema 呕吐Vomiting偏盲Hemianopsia 癫痫Epilepsy失语aphasia三叉神经痛Trigeminal neuralgia胶样囊肿Colloid Cyst 垂体卒中Pituitary apoplexy二解剖名词中枢神经系统Central nervous system矢状窦旁Parasagittal凸面Convexity溴沟Olfactorygroove脊髓Spinal cord颈段Cervicalsegment胸段Thoracicsegment腰(骶)段Lumbar segment灰质Gray matter白质White matter白质前连合Anterior whitecommissure锥体Pyramid锥体束Pyramidaltract第4脑室Fourthventricle脑桥Pons小脑Cerebellum小脑回Cerebellargyri小脑半球CerebellarhemisphereProcedures鼻Nose内听道Internal auditory Meatus寰椎Atlas寰枕的Atlanto-occip ital面神经Facial n.位听神经Vestibulococh lear n.前庭神经Vestibular portion舌咽神经Glossopharyng eal n.迷走神经Vagus n.副神经Accessory n.舌下神经Hypoglossal n.颈神经Cervical n.脊柱Vertebralcolumn颈椎Cervicalvertebrae胸椎Thoracicvertebrae腰椎Lumbarvertebrae骶椎Sacralvertebrae尾椎Coccygealvertebrae椎体Vertebral body椎管Vertebralcanal椎孔Vertebralforamen椎弓Vertebral arch椎弓根棘突Spinousprocess横突Transverseprocess枢椎Axis颅骨Skull枕骨Occipital bone 枕骨大孔Foramen magnum 枕鳞Occipital squama枕外隆突External occipital protuberance蝶骨Sphenoid bone 蝶鞍Sella turcica 鞍结节Tubercle of sellae蝶窦Sphenoidalsinus颞骨Temporal bone乳突Mastoidprocess内耳门Internalacoustic port顶骨Parietal bone额骨Frontal bone额结节Frontal tuber颅前窝Anteriorcranial fossa颅中窝Middle cranialfossa颅后窝Posteriorcranial fossa斜坡Clivus后交通动脉Posteriorcommunicatinga.脉络膜前动脉Anteriorchoroidal a.大脑前动脉Anteriorcerebral a.前交通动脉Anteriorcommunicatinga.大脑中动脉Middlecerebral a.椎动脉小脑后下动脉Posterior inferior cerebellar a.基底动脉Basilar a.小脑前下动脉Anterior inferior cerebellar a.小脑上动脉Superior cerebellar a.大脑后动脉Posterior cerebral a.横窦Transverse sinus乙状窦Sigmoid sinus 枕窦Occipitalsinus上矢状窦Superiorsagittal sinus下矢状窦Inferiorsagittal sinus直窦Straight sinus海绵窦Cavernoussinus脑膜中动脉Middlemeningeal a.颅内压增高Raisedintracranialpressure颅腔Cranial cavity脑脊液Cerebrospinalfluid额,顶,颞,枕Frontalparietaltemporaloccipital幕下Infratentorial侧面的Lateral桥脑小脑角Cerebello-pontine angle枕大孔Foramen magnum四室Fourthventricul三症状体征名词低血压Hypotension 高血压Hypertension 放疗Radiotherapy 并发症Complications 发热Pyrexia感染infection中枢性高热Central hyperpyrexia 伤口感染Wound infection尿路感染Urinary infection意识恶化Deterioratingconsciouslevel抗菌素Antibiotics肢端肥大Acromegaly眼睑肿胀Swelling ofthe eyelids预后Prognosis深昏迷Deeply coma神经胶质增生Gliosis退行发育,间变Anaplasia眼球突出Proptosis斜视ExternalStrabismus脱水Dehydration多尿Polyuria耳鸣Tinnitus麻痹Paralysis脑水肿Brain edema眩晕Vertigo头晕Dizziness晕厥Fainting偏瘫Hemiplegia幕上Supratentoria l侧面的,旁边的Lateral抽搐Convulsion肢体Limbs尿崩症Diabetes insipidus肥胖Obesity复视Diplopia眼震Nystagmus共济失调ataxia脑疝Herniation去脑强直Decerebraterigidity颈强直Stiff neck恶性的Malignant四手术名词活检BiopsyUlceration皮瓣Scalp flap骨瓣Bone flap探查Exploration额部入路Forntalapproach经蝶手术Trans-sphenoidaloperation全切Total removal分流Short-Circuiting血栓Thrombosis囊状A瘤Saccularaneurysm三叉Trifurcation分叉Bifureation保守治疗Conservative treatment清血肿Evacuation of Haematoma经鼻蝶入路Trans-nasal sphenoidal approach三叉神经微血管减压术Trigeminal microvascular decompression 开颅术Craniotomy肿瘤切除术Tumor resection全麻General anesthesia局麻Localanesthesia脑室体外引流externalventriculdrainage颅骨修补重建术Cranioplastyshrug(vt耸肩）intermittent(adj间歇的断断续续的）sternocleidomastoid(n胸锁乳突肌）deviate(vt偏离越轨）genioglossus(n颏舌肌）amyotrophic(adj营养的有关营养的）myasthenia (n肌无力）latter(adj后半的接近终老的）fasciculation(n簇生束状自发性收缩肌震束颤）volitional(adj意志的）agonist(n收缩筋）antagonist(n对立者对手敌手）synergy(n协同配合）dysdiadochoki nesia(n轮替功能障碍）dysmetria（动幅障碍辨距不良）amplitude(n广大广阔振幅）titubation(n蹒跚）ataxia(n共济失调）stylopharyngeu s(n茎突咽肌）overlap(vt部分重叠n重叠部分）hoarseness(n嘶哑刺耳）accessory(n附件配件）innervate(vt受神经支配促使活动）sternocleidomastoid(n胸锁乳突肌）intermit(v中断）protrusion(n伸出突出）deviate(vt偏离越轨）genioglossus(n颏舌肌）amyotrophic(adj肌萎缩的）myasthenia(n肌无力）latter(adj后半的接近终了的后者的）fasciculation(n束状簇生自发性收缩肌震束颤肌束抽搐）volitional(adj意志的）agonist(n收缩筋）antagonist(n 对立对手敌手）synergy(n协同配合）dysdiadochoki nesis(n轮替运动障碍）dysmetria(n辨距不良，动幅障碍）amplitude(n广大广阔振幅）tremor(n震颤发抖）titubation(n 蹒跚）tandem(n串联）clonus(n阵挛）random(adj任意的无计划的随机的）circuit(n电路线路环行环行道）discriminate(vt分别区别区分vi歧视）spasticity(n痉挛状态强直状态）hyperreflexia(n反射亢进）hypotonia(n张力减退）diminish(vt减小缩小）myelopathy(n脊髓病骨髓病）spontaneous(adj自发的无意识的天真的帅直的）inspect(vt检查检验视察）presence(n出席到场仪表仪态）imply(vt暗示暗指）denervate(v切除神经）lateralspinothalamictrace(n脊髓丘脑侧束）column(n圆柱柱）somatotopical( adj躯体定位区的）lamination(n 叠片结构）dermal(adj皮肤的真皮的）auscutation(n 听诊）asymmetry(n不对称）microcephaly( n小头畸形）premature(adj 过早的提前的未到期的早产的）suture(n缝合缝伤口缝线vt缝合伤口）fusion(n熔合联和合并）symptomatic(adj症候的症兆的有症状的根据症状的）prominence(n声望杰出突出重要要事）fontanelle(n囟门）concave(adj凹的）sunken(adj沉没的沉入水底的凹陷的））millimeter(n毫米）palpate(vt触诊）bulge(n膨胀肿起Vt膨胀突出鼓起）erect(adj竖立的直立的挺立的vt使直立使竖起）denote(vt指示指出）transillumina tion(n透视法）effusion(n流出物渗出泻出）percussion(n 打击乐器组）reliable(adj 可靠的可信赖的）gestation(n怀孕怀孕期孕育）pupillary(adj 瞳孔的）blink(n眨眼一瞬间闪亮闪烁vt眨眼睛）anisocoria(n瞳孔不等）obliteration(n涂去删除）pulsation(n跳动有节奏的跳动震动）expansile(adj可扩张的扩大的膨胀性的）dissipate(vt驱散消失浪费）velum(n膜）deviate（vt偏离越轨）hypertonia(n张力亢进）flexor(n屈肌）pincer(n钳子）grip(n紧握抓牢控制掌握vt紧握抓紧）asymmetry(n不对称）choreiform(n 舞蹈病的）modulate(vt调整调节缓和）flexion(n弯曲弯曲状态）nociceptive(a dj疼痛的有疼痛反应的）noxious(adj有害的有毒的）plantar(adj脚底的）副神经accessory n.传入神经元afferent(sens ory) neuron血管瘤aneurysm前角anterior horn 孔aperture蛛网膜颗粒arachnoid granulations 辅助检查assistant investigation 星形胶质细胞瘤astrocytoma共济失调ataxia耳颞神经auriculotempo ral n.自主神经系统autonomic nervous system 轴突axon。
神经生物学词汇
abdominal 腹部的aberrant 迷行的,迷乱的；离正道的，越轨的;【生】畸形的，异常的acth [=adrenocorticotrop(h)ic hormone]促肾上腺皮质激素,促皮质素adrenal 肾上腺,肾上腺的,肾上腺素adrenal cortex 肾上腺皮质adrenaline 肾上腺素affinity 亲和力albeit conj.[=though]纵然; 虽然allostatic load 负荷allosteric 变构效应的,异构的,别位的,活性中心外的ameliorate 改善,改进,转佳aminergic 胺能的,氨基酸能的AMPA α-氨基羟甲基恶唑丙酸amygdala 苦扁桃,扁桃体,杏仁核amygdaloid 扁桃样的,杏仁样的amygdaloid nucleus 杏仁核antagonist 拮抗剂，对抗物；对手，敌手anterior pituitary 腺垂体,垂体前叶antidepressant 抗抑郁的,抗抑郁药anxiogenic drug 焦虑药物anxiolytic 抗焦虑剂,焦虑缓解药,抗焦虑的apical dendrite 顶树突apoptotic cell 凋亡细胞atrophy 萎缩attenuate 稀释,解毒,减弱avp (精氨酸)血管加压素（Arginine Vasopressin，A VP) basolateral (基)底外侧的binary 二元的blood brain barrier 血脑屏障Brain Stem 脑干calcium influx 钙内流cardiovascular 心血管的catecholamine 儿茶酚胺,邻苯二酚胺catecholamines 儿茶酚胺类globulin]皮质醇结合球蛋白CBG [=cortisol-bindingcell proliferation 细胞增殖chaperone 陪伴分子,侣伴蛋白cognate 同族的,母族的,同种的,相关的,同源的,同质的,近亲的cognitive impairment 认知缺损concomitant 伴行的,并发的,相伴的,附随的,副(的)concur v.意见相同, 一致, 互助concurrent 趋合的,并发的,共同发生的,共存的cortical areas 皮层区,皮质区corticosteroid hormone 皮质类固醇激素Corticosterone 皮质(甾)酮,皮甾酮,皮质固醇corticotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素,促皮质素cortisol 考的松,皮质醇,氢化考的松,氢化可的松CRH [=corticotropin releasing hormone]促肾上腺皮质素释放激素CRHR 促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素受体dampen 减震,缓冲dentate 有牙齿的,锯齿状的dentate gyrus 齿状回detrimental 有害基因的,有害的,有害基因DG [=dentate gyrus]齿状回distal 远侧的,末梢的,远中的(牙),离心的,末端的distress 不良应激,不舒适的应激,痛苦,苦恼,穷困,危难,使苦恼,损坏,事故dopaminergic system 多巴胺能系统dorsal 背的,背侧的downregulation 向下调节,下调dysregulation 失调fight or flight response 或战或逃反应(生物应付威胁时的生理反应) fire brigade 消防队genetically predisposed 有遗传素因的,有遗传素质的genetic predisposition 遗传倾向,遗传易感,遗传素质glial cell 神经胶质细胞,胶质细胞glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素glycoprotein (配)糖蛋白GR [=glucocorticoid receptor]糖皮质激素受体GRE [=glucocorticoid response element]糖皮质激素反应元件grooming 理毛行为heterodimers 异二聚体hippocampus n.马头鱼尾的怪兽; 海马homeostasis 内环境稳定,稳态,自身稳定,体内稳态,调节平衡作用homodimer 同型二聚体,同质二聚体,同二聚体,二(聚)体hydroxytryptamine 5-羟色胺hypercortisolism 皮质醇增多症hyperreactivity 高反应性hypersecretion 分泌过多hypertrophy 肥大，过度生长Hypocortisolism 肾上腺皮质功能减退hypothalamic 下丘脑的immobilization 固定化(作用),制动作用inflammatory reaction 炎性反应infralimbic 缘下的intracerebroventricular administration 脑室内给药法intruder n.侵入者, 干扰者, 妨碍者ionotropic receptor 亲离子受体,离子亚型受体ionotropy 离子移变,互变异构现象labyrinth 迷宫,迷路lateral septal nucleus 外侧中膈核locus coeruleus 蓝斑MDR [=multidrug resistance]多向性抗药,多药耐药medulla 髓质(解)Medulla{拉}melanocortin 黑皮质素mineralocorticoid 盐(肾上腺)皮质激素,矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素modulate v.调整, 转调; 调制morphology 形态学,生态学MR （magnetic resonance）磁共振（mineralocorticoid receptor）盐皮质激素受体multimeter 万用表neuroendocrine 神经内分泌,神经内分泌的neurogenesis 神经发生（形成）neurosteroid 神经甾体NMDA N-甲基-D-天(门)冬氨酸noradrenaline 去甲肾上腺素,降正肾上腺素(旧名正肾上腺素) opioid 类鸦片的,阿片样物质,类吗啡物质opioids 类罂粟碱parasympathetic 副交感神经的paraventricular nucleus 室旁核parvocellular 小细胞性的pituitary n.脑下垂体; 脑下垂体粉;a.粘液的pleiotropic 多效的POMC [=proopiomelanocortin]阿片-促黑素细胞皮质素原,阿黑皮素portal vessel 门脉postnatal 生后的predispose 使易害(病),造成…的因素prefrontal 前额的,前额骨,前额鳞,额叶前部的,筛骨中心部prefrontal cortex （PFC）前额叶皮层，额前皮质prelimbic 缘前的prenatal 产前的,出生前的prerequisite 必要条件,前提,必须具备的,先决条件progenitor cell 祖细胞proliferation 增殖psychotic 精神病的,精神病患者PTSD [=post-traumatic stress disorder]创伤后精神紧张性(精神)障碍pyramidal cell 锥体细胞quadrantal 象限的receptor mediated response 受体介导的应答,受体中介性反应reciprocally ad.相互地; 相反地recovery phase 恢复期,恢复阶段reinstate v.使复原, 使恢复, 使复立relapse 复发,再发remission 缓和,减轻remodel v.改造, 改型, 改变reuptake 重摄取,再摄取,重吸收serotonergic neuron 5-羟色胺能神经元serotonin 5-羟色胺,血清素,肠胺soma 体,身体,躯体,体组织,细胞体,体细胞,异丙安宁,卡来梯steroid 甾(类),甾族(化合物),类固醇stress hormone 应激激素subarea 分区sympathetic nervous system 自主神经系统,交感神经系统synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性ubiquitous 随遇的,普遍存在的Urocortisol 尿皮质醇,皮甾四醇[皮质激素]vasopressin 后叶加压素,抗利尿激素ventral 腹的,腹侧的,前侧的,腹面的vigilance 惊醒症,不眠症,惊戒,警惕(性)visceral 内脏的。
神经科专业英语词汇
交感神经 sympathetic nerve
症状和体征 symptom and sign
面神经颧支 temporal branches of facial n.
颞筋膜 temporal fascia
小脑幕 tentorium of cerebellum
硬脊膜 spinal dura mater
脊神经 spinal nerve
健膜下间隙 subaproneurotic space
蛛网膜下腔 subarachnoid space
硬膜下的 subdural
眉弓 superciliary arch
原发性 intrinsic
颈静脉孔 jugular foramen
人字点 lambda
侧脑室 lateral ventricle
豆状核 lentiform nucleus
枕小神经 lesser occipital n.
脑叶 lobe
基底动脉 lower basilar A.
腰骶膨大 lumbosacral enlargement
下颌神经 mandibular n.
乳突 mastoid process
上颌神经 maxillary n.
髓质 medulla
延髓 medulla oblongata
面神经 facial n.
第四脑室 fourth venticle
额结节 frontal tuber
神经节 ganglion
眉间 glaballa
胶质瘤 glioma
苍白球 globus pallidus
舌咽神经 glossopharyngeal n.
医学英语之神经系统词汇
医学英语之神经系统词汇导读：本文医学英语之神经系统词汇，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
Nervous System 神经系统peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统neuron 神经元neuroglia 神经胶质nucleus 神经核tract 神经束ganglion 神经节nerve 神经spinal nerves 脊神经cervical plexus 颈丛phrenic nerve 膈神经brachial plexus 臂丛longthoracic nerve 胸长神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经axillary nerve 腋神经musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经median nerve 正中神经ulnar nerve 尺神经radial nerve 桡神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干femoral nerve 股神经obturator nerve 闭孔神经sacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经tibial nerve 胫神经common peroneal nerve 腓总神经superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经deepp eroneal nerve 腓深神经cranial nerves 脑神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经oculomotor nerve 动眼神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经trigeminal nerve 三叉神经abducent nerve 展神经facial nerve 面神经vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经vagus nerve 迷走神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系autonomic nervous system 自主神经系vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系sympathetic nerve 交感神经parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经central nervous system 中枢神经系统spinal cord 脊髓gray matter 灰质white matter 白质substantia gelatinosa 胶状质nucleus thoracicus 胸核fasciculus gracilis 薄束fasciculus cuneatus 楔束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束brain （encephalon）脑brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pons 脑桥midbrain （mesencephalon）中脑pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核gracilis tubercule 薄束结节cuneate tubercule 楔束结节inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚fourth ventricle 第四脑室rhomboid fossa 菱形窝striae medullaris 髓纹hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角vagal trigone 迷走神经三角area postrema 最后区obex 闩medial eminence 内侧隆起facial colliculus 面丘vestibular area前庭区acoustic tubercle 听结节middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚inferior colliculus 下丘superior colliculus 上丘crus cerebri 大脑脚cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管medial lemniscus 内侧丘系spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核solitary nucleus 孤束核nucleus ambiguus 疑核pontine nuclei 脑桥核trapezoid body 斜方体lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系locus ceruleus 蓝斑substantia nigra 黑质red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构raphe nuclei 中缝核cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑metathalamus 后丘脑epithalamus 上丘脑subthalamus 底丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑opticchiasma 视交叉telencephalon （cerebrum）端脑（大脑）temporal lobe 颞叶frontal lobe 额叶parietal lobe 顶叶occipital lobe 枕叶insula 岛叶limbic lobe 边缘叶corpus callosum 胼胝体central sulcus 中央沟lateral sulcus 外侧沟parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟calcarine sulcus 距状沟precentral gyrus 中央前回postcentral gyrus 中央后回angular gyrus 角回supramarginal gyrus 缘上回lingual gyrus 舌回cuneus gyrus 楔回dentate gyrus 齿状回parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回uncus （海马旁回）钩paracentral lobule 旁中央小叶cingulate gyrus 扣带回lateral ventricle 侧脑室basal nuclei 基底核caudate nucleus 尾状核lentiform nucleus 豆状核putamen 壳globus palidus 苍白球corpus striatum 纹状体fornix 穹窿internal capsule 内囊cerebral cortex 大脑皮质dura mater 硬脑膜arachnoid 蛛网膜pia mater 软脑膜basilar artery 基底动脉cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液。
神经外科英语专业词汇-最新版
背侧副橄榄核 Dorsal accessory olivary nucleus 弓状核 Arcuate nucleus 内弓状纤维 Internal arcuate fibers 网状结构 Reticular formation 内侧纵束 Medial longitudinal fasciculus 背侧纵束 Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus 丘系交叉 Decussation of lemniscus 内侧丘系 Medial lemniscus 橄榄小脑束 Olivocerebellar tract 锥体束 Pyramidal tract 皮质脑神经核束 Corticonuclear tract 皮质脊髓束 Corticospinal tract 第4脑室 Fourth ventricle 菱形窝 Rhomboid fossa 正中沟 Median sulcus 外侧隐窝 Lateral recess 界沟 Limiting groove 下窝
Posterior funiculus 脊髓断面 Sections of spinal cord 中央管 Central canal 灰质 Gray matter 灰质柱 Gray column 前柱 Anterior column 侧柱 Lateral column 后柱 Posterior column 前角 Anterior horn 侧角 Lateral horn 后角 Posterior horn 后尖角 Tip of posterior horn 中间灰质中央部 Centre of intermediate gray matter 中间灰质外侧部 Lateral portion of intermediate gray matter 胶状质 Gelatinous substance 背核 Dorsal nucleus 网状结构 Raticular formation 白质 White matter 白质前连合
神经外科英文词汇
Cauda equina
['kaʊdə]
马尾
Vagus nerve
['veɪgəs]
迷走神经
Dorsal nucleus of Vagus nerve
[ˈdɔ:rsl]
迷走神经背核
Facial nerve
1、神经系统解剖生理
单词
音标
释义
diaphragma sallae
[ˈdaɪəfræm][sɑ:l]
鞍膈
dorsal thalamus
[ˈdɔ:rsl] ['θæləməs]
背侧丘脑
brachial plexus
['breɪkɪrl][ˈplɛksəs]
臂丛
limbic system
['lɪmbɪk]['sɪstəm]
[spaɪnəθæ'læmi:k]
脊髓丘脑束
spinocerebellum
[spaɪnoʊsər'beləm]
脊髓小脑
Posterior spinocerebellar tract
[spaɪnoʊsər'belə]
脊髓小脑后束
Anterior spinocerebellar tract
脊髓小脑前束
diencephalon
侧脑室
terochlear nucleus
['trɒklɪr]
车神经核
ulnar nerve
['ʌlnə][nɜ:rv]
尺神经
cerebrum
[səˈri:brəm]
大脑，脑组织
Cerebal arterial
circle
[sə'ribrəl]
中英--西医神经科术语英文翻译
西医神经科术语英文翻译以下是常见的西医神经科术语英文翻译：1. 神经学：Neurology2. 神经系统：Nervous System3. 大脑：Brain4. 脊髓：Spinal Cord5. 神经元：Neuron6. 神经胶质细胞：Glial Cells7. 突触：Synapse8. 轴突：Axon9. 树突：Dendrites10. 髓鞘：Myelin Sheath11. 神经递质：Neurotransmitters12. 神经传导通路：Nerve Conduction Pathways13. 反射：Reflex14. 痛觉：Pain Sensation15. 感觉运动传导通路：Sensorimotor Pathways16. 自主神经系统：Autonomic Nervous System17. 中枢神经系统：Central Nervous System (CNS)18. 外周神经系统：Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)19. 神经肌肉接头：Neuromuscular Junction20. 癫痫：Epilepsy21. 帕金森病：Parkinson's Disease22. 多发性硬化症：Multiple Sclerosis (MS)23. 脑卒中：Stroke24. 脑外伤：Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)25. 脑瘤：Brain Tumors26. 脑炎：Brain Infections / Encephalitis27. 神经痛：Neuralgia28. 头痛：Headache29. 失眠：Insomnia30. 肌肉萎缩：Muscle Atrophy31. 肌无力：Muscle Weakness32. 神经根病：Radiculopathy33. 神经丛病变：Plexopathy34. 脊髓病变：Myelopathy35. 脑积水：Hydrocephalus36. 脊髓空洞症：Syringomyelia37. 脑电图（EEG）：Electroencephalogram (EEG)38. 肌电图（EMG）：Electromyogram (EMG)39. 经颅磁刺激（TMS）：Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)40. 正电子发射断层扫描（PET）：Positron Emission Tomography (PET)41. 功能磁共振成像（fMRI）：Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)42. 单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）：Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)43. 经颅多普勒超声（TCD）：Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD)44. 认知障碍：Cognitive Dysfunction45. 情绪障碍：Mood Disorders46. 神经退行性疾病：Neurodegenerative Diseases47. 中毒性脑病：Toxic Encephalopathy48. 脑死亡：Brain Death49. 昏迷：Coma50. 意识障碍：Disorders of Consciousness。
神经病学专业词汇中英文
英汉神经病学名词索引AAbacavir 阿波卡韦botulinum toxin type A A型肉毒杆菌毒素absence 失神acetylcholine,Ach 乙酰胆碱acquired immynodefeciency syndrome,AIDS病abdominal reflexes 腹壁反射abnormal involuntary movements, AIMs 异动症abulia 意志缺乏accommodation reflex 调节反射acetaminophen 对乙基氨基酚Achilles reflex Achilles反射Achilles tendon reflex 跟腱反射AChR-Ab 乙酰胆碱受体抗体actin 肌动蛋白action tremor 动作性震颤acute ascending myelitis 上升性脊髓炎acute ascending palsy 急性上升性麻痹acute confusion state 急性意识模糊状态acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM 急性播散性脑脊髓炎acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, AHL 急性出血性白质脑炎acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuro- pathies, AIDP acute motor axonal neuropathy, AMAN 急性运动轴索型神经病acute motorsensory axonal neuropathy, AMSAN 急性运动感觉轴索型神经病acute myelitis 急性脊髓炎acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis 急性坏死性出血性脑脊髓炎acute poliomyelitis 急性脊髓前角灰质炎acute transverse myelitis, ATM 急性横贯性脊髓炎acyclovir 阿昔洛韦Adams-Stokes syndrome 阿-斯综合征adenoma sebaceum 皮脂腺瘤Adie’s pupil 艾迪瞳孔Adie’s syndrome 强直性瞳孔Adie’s syndro me 艾迪综合征Adrenoleykody-strophy肾上腺脑白质营养不良Albendazole阿苯哒唑Alprazolam阿普唑仑Amitriptiline阿米替林Amantadine金刚烷胺amnestic syndrome遗忘综合症amprenavir 安泼那韦adynamia episodica hereditaria 遗传性发作无力hereditary diseaseagnosia 失认症AIDS dementia complex, ADC AIDS-痴呆复合体air conduction, AC 气导akinesia, hypokinesia 运动减少akinetic mutism动作不能性缄默症alcoholic intemperance 酗酒algospasm 痛性痉挛Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病amaurosis fugax 黑蒙amipaque 甲泛葡胺Ammon’s horn sclerosis, AHS 海马硬化b-amyloid, A b b类淀粉蛋白amyloid precursor protein, APP 类淀粉蛋白前体基因amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化anal reflex 肛门反射ancrod 安克洛酶, 降纤酶angiography of spinal cord 脊髓血管造影angionecrosis 血管(壁)坏死ankle clonus 踝阵挛ankle reflex踝反射anomic aphasia, AA 命名性失语antane 安坦anticibation 遗传早现antiepilepic drugs, AEDs 抗癫痫药物aphasia 失语症aphasia battery of Chinese, ABC 汉语失语检查法apnea hypopnea index,AHI呼吸暂停低通气指数arylsulfatase-A芳基硫酯酶Aapolipoprotein E, ApoE 载脂蛋白Eapraxia 失用症Argyll-Robertson’s pupil 阿-罗瞳孔Arnold-Chiari deformation Arnold-Chiari畸形, 小脑扁桃体下疝畸形arteriolar atherosclerosis 小动脉硬化ascending reticular activating system 上行性网状激活系统aseptic meningitis 无菌性脑膜炎Aspirin阿司匹林α-synucleinα-突触核蛋白assisted ventilation 辅助通气asynergia 协同不能ataxia 共济失调ataxia telangicctasia, AT 共济失调毛细血管扩张症ataxic-hemiparesis, AH 共济失调性轻偏瘫athetosis 手足徐动症attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 注意力缺陷多动症atonic-seizure失张力性发作avidin-biotin亲合素-生物素atypical facial pain 非典型面痛automatism 自动症autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, ADCA 常染色体显性小脑性共济失调axon impairment 轴索损害axonal degeneration 轴索变性axonotmesis 轴突断伤azathioprine 硫唑嘌呤BBabinski sign 巴彬斯基征baclofen 氯苯氨丁酸, 巴氯芬Barany test 温度刺激试验Barre dividigital test 巴利分指试验basal ganglion aphasia, BA 底节性失语b-amyloid,Ab b-淀粉样蛋白basilar artery migraine 基底动脉偏头痛basilar migraine 基底型偏头痛basilar impression 颅底凹陷症batroxobin 巴曲酶Becker muscular dystrophy, BMD Becker假肥大型肌营养不良症Bell’s palsy 面神经炎或Bell麻痹Bechet’s disease 白塞病Bell palsy Bell 麻痹benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spike 中央-颞部棘波的良性儿童期癫benign childhood epilepsy with occipital discharging 枕区放电的良性儿童期癫benign hereditary chorea, BHC 良性遗传性舞蹈病biceps reflex 肱二头肌反射Binswanger disease Binswanger病biopsy of brain tissue 脑活组织检查biopsy of muscle 肌肉组织活检biopsy of nerve 神经组织活检blepharospasm 眼睑痉挛Blessed behavior scale, BBS Blessed行为量表blink-mandibular phenomenon 瞬目下颌现象blood-brain-barrier, BBB 血脑屏障bone conduction, BC 骨导border zone 边缘带botulinum toxin type A, BTX A型肉毒毒素Bourneille disease Bourneille病Borrelia burgdorferi 蜱咬性伯氏疏螺旋体brachial neuralgia 臂丛神经痛bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE 牛海绵状脑病brachial neuritis 臂丛神经炎bradykinesia 运动迟缓brain death脑死亡brain electrical activity mapping, BEAM 脑电地形图brain evoked potentials, BEP脑诱发电位brain stem 脑干brainstem auditory evoked potentials, BAEP 脑干听觉诱发电位brainstem encephalitis 脑干炎bromocriptine 溴隐亭Brune sign布龙征brittle crisis 反拗危象Broca aphasia, BA 运动性失语Brown-Sequard syndrome 脊髓半切综合征Brudzinski’s test 布鲁津斯基试验Ccafé- au- lait spot 牛奶咖啡斑cafergot 麦角胺咖啡因calcium channel antagonists 钙通道拮抗剂campylobacter jejuni, CJ 空肠弯曲菌captopril 卡托普利carbamazapine, CBZ 卡马西平carotid sinus reflex 颈动脉窦反射carotidynia 颈动脉痛carpal tunne syndrome 腕管综合征causalgia 灼性神经痛cauda equina 马尾cavernous sinus thrombosis 海绵窦血栓形成central nervous system,CNS中枢神经系统cell transplantation 细胞移植central nervous system, CNS 中枢神经系统central pontine myelinolysis, CPM 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症cerebellar ataxia 小脑性共济失调cerebellar ataxia and crossed third-nerve palsy 合并动眼神经交叉瘫的小脑共济失调cerebellar gait 小脑性步态cerebellomedullar cisterna 小脑延髓池cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA 脑类淀粉血管病cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, CADASIL 合并皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病cerebral blood flow, CBF 脑血流量cerebral cysticercosis 脑囊虫病cerebral echinococciasis 脑棘球蚴病cerebral embolism 脑栓塞cerebral evoked potential, EP诱发电位cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪cerebral paragonimiasis 脑型肺吸虫病cerebral schistosomiasis脑型血吸虫病cerebral thrombosis, CT 脑血栓形成cerebral vein thrombosis 大脑静脉血栓形成cerebral watershed infarction, CWSI 分水岭脑梗死cerebrospinauid, CSF 脑脊液cerebrovascular disease, CVD 脑血管疾病cerebrovascular spasm, CVS 脑血管痉挛ceruloplasmin 铜蓝蛋白Chaddock sign Chaddock征chamberlain line 腭枕线cheyne-stoke breathing 潮式呼吸childhood absence epilepsy儿童型失神性癫痫Charcot’s joint 夏科氏关节(神经原性关节病)Charcot’s triad Charcot三主征Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, CMTD 腓骨肌萎缩症Cheyne-Stoke’s breathing 潮式呼吸cholinergic crisis 胆碱能危象chorea 舞蹈症chorea minor 小舞蹈病choreacanthocytosis 棘状红细胞增多性舞蹈症choreoathetosis 舞蹈-手足徐动症chronic GBS 慢性格林-巴利综合征chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, CIDP 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病cidofovir 西多福韦clasp-kinfe phenomenon 折刀样肌张力增高cladribine可拉屈滨clinical definite MS, CDMS 临床确诊的多发性硬化clinical dementia rota, CDR 临床痴呆评定量表clinical probable MS, CPMS 临床可能的多发性硬化clonazepam 氯硝安定, 氯硝西泮clonus 阵挛cluster headache 丛集性头痛classic migraine典型偏头痛clopidogre 氯吡格雷cobweb-like coagulation 蛛网膜样凝固cognitive impairment 认知障碍cogwheel rigidity 齿轮样强直coma 昏迷coma vigil 睁眼昏迷common migraine 普通偏头痛common peroneal nerve palsy 腓总神经麻痹communicating hydrocephalus 交通性脑积水complete stroke 完全性卒中comprehension 听理解compressive myelopathy 脊髓压迫症computerized tomography angiography, CTA CT血管造影complex parial seizure, CPS复杂部分发作com plicated migraine 复杂型偏头痛computerized tomography, CT 电子计算机体层扫描concentric sclerosis 同心圆性硬化conduction aphasia, CA 传导性失语conduction deafness 传导性耳聋confusion 模糊congenital hydrocephalus 先天性脑积水congenital myotonia 先天性肌强直congenital porencephalia 脑穿通畸形connective tissue disease 结缔组织病consciousness 意识constitutive apraxia 结构性失用contraction fasciculation 收缩性肌束震颤convulsion 抽搐corneal reflex 角膜反射corneomandibular reflex 角膜下颌反射cortex 皮质cortical basal ganglia degeneration, CBGD 皮质基底节变性cortical blindness 皮质盲corticosteroid 皮质类固醇corticostriatospinal degeneration 皮质-纹状体-脊髓变性cremasteric reflex 提睾反射Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD 雅克病crossed hemiplegia 交叉性瘫痪cryptococcosis 新型隐球菌脑膜炎cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺cyclosporin A 环孢菌素Acytokine, CK 细胞因子cytomegalovirus encephalitis 巨细胞病毒性脑炎cytomegalovirus, CMV 巨细胞病毒cryptogenic 隐源性Ddaily chronic headache 慢性每日头痛deafness耳聋decerebrate rigidity 去大脑强直decorticate rigidity 去皮层强直decorticate syndrome 去皮层综合征deep brain stimulation, DBS 深部脑刺激术defibrase 降纤酶delavirdine 甲磺酸地拉韦定definite carrier 肯定携带者deformation 畸形degenerative dementing disorders变性病性痴呆Dejerine-Sottas disease Dejerine-Sottas病delirium 谵妄delta sign 上矢状窦空三角征dementia 痴呆dementia with Lewy body, DLB 路易体痴呆demyelination 脱髓鞘demyelinative diseases 脱髓鞘性疾病demyelinative myelitis 脱髓鞘性脊髓炎dentato-rubral pallidoluysian atophy, DRPLA 齿状核红核苍白球丘脑底核萎缩desease up-regulatory role 疾病上调作用developmental diseases of the nervous system 神经系统发育异常性疾病Devic’s disease Devic病dexamethasone 地塞米松diabetes 糖尿病diabetic neuropathy 糖尿病性周围神经病diagnostic puncture 诊断性穿刺diazepam 安定, 地西泮didanosine 去羟肌苷diffuse Lewy body disease, DLBD 弥散性路易体病diffuse sclerosis 弥漫性硬化digital subtraction angiography, DSA 数字减影脑血管造影dihydroergotamine 二氨麦角胺diplopia 复视dipyridamole 潘生丁disability 残疾disorders of conciousness意识障碍dissociated sensory loss 分离性感觉丧失distal axonopathy 远端轴突病distal neuropathy 远端型神经病distal dystrophy 远端性肌营养不良distant vision 远视力dizziness 头晕Doll head test 玩偶头试验donepezil 多奈哌齐DR数字X线摄影dopamine receptor agonists 多巴胺受体激动剂dopamine receptor antagonists 多巴胺受体拮抗剂D-penicillamine D-青霉胺dressing apraxia 穿衣失用症drop attack 跌倒发作drunken gait 醉酒步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD Duchenne型肌营养不良症dying-back axonopathy 逆死性神经病dysarthria 构音障碍dysarthric-clumsy hand syndrome, DCHS 构音障碍-手笨拙综合征dysesthesia 感觉倒错dyskinesias 运动障碍dysmetria 辩距障碍dyspraxia 运用障碍dystonia 肌张力障碍dystrophin, Dys 抗肌萎缩蛋白dystrophin-associated protein 抗肌萎缩蛋白结合蛋白dystrophy 营养障碍DYT1 gene DYT1基因EDearavone 依达拉奉Efavirenz 依非韦轮EGR颅外肉芽肿性动脉炎electroencephalography, EEG 脑电图electroencephalography, EMG 肌电图electrotherapeutic modalities 电疗elephantiasis neuromatosia 神经纤维瘤性象皮病elimination half-life 半清除期embolic infarction 栓塞性脑梗死Emery-Dreifuss dystrophy埃-德型肌营养不良Encephalitis periaxalis diffusa 弥漫性轴周脑炎encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis 脑三叉神经血管瘤病enterovirus encephalitis 肠道病毒性脑炎entrapment neuropathy 嵌压性神经病enviromental factor 环境因素end of dose deterioration 剂末恶化end-organ diseases终末-器官疾病entrapment neuropathy 嵌压性神经病epidural blood patching 硬膜外血贴疗法epilepsia partialis continua 部分性癫痫持续状态epilepsy 癫痫eptastigmine 依斯的明Epstein-Barr virus, EBV EB病毒ergotamine 麦角胺erythema chronicum migrans, 慢性有走性红斑erythromelalgia 红斑肢痛症Estazolam艾司唑仑essential tremor, ET 特发性震颤, 原发性震颤ethambutolum, EMB 乙胺丁醇ethamsylate 止血敏ethosuxamide, ESX 乙琥胺etiologic diagnosis 定性诊断event-related potentials, ERP 事件相关电位evoked potential 诱发电位experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎experimental autoimmune neuritis, EAN 实验性自身免疫性神经炎extrapyramidal diseases 锥体外系疾病extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统eyelash sign 睫毛征Ffacial dyskinesia 面肌运动障碍facial myokymia 面部肌纤维颤搐facial spasm 面肌痉挛facial-oral apraxia 面-口失用症FAD家族性病facilitation technique 促通技术facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 面肩肱型肌营养不良症familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, FALS 家族性肌萎缩性侧索硬化family history 家族史fasciculation 肌束震颤fatal familial insomnia, FFI 致死性家族性失眠症felbamate, FBM 非氨酯femoral neuralgia 股神经痛festinating gait 慌张步态fibrillation 肌纤维性颤动finger-counting test 数指试验finger-nose tests 指鼻试验flaccid paralysis 弛缓性瘫痪floppy infant syndrome松软婴儿综合征fluconazole 氟康唑flucytosine,5-FU5-氟胞嘧啶fluoxetine 氟西汀Flurazepam氟西泮focal serzure局造性发作flexed neck test 屈颈试验flunarizine 氟桂利嗪forward transportation 正向运输free radical 自由基Friedreich ataxia, FRDA Friedreich共济失调Froin syndrome 弗洛因综合征frontal lobe dementia 额叶痴呆frontotemporal dementia 额颞痴呆functional MRI, f-MRI 功能性MRIfunctional reorganization 功能重组functional training 功能训练Ggabapentin, GBP 加巴喷丁gadolinium enhancement 钆强化gadolinium-DTPA 顺磁性造影剂钆gait disorders 步态异常gag reflex 咽反射gait of sensory ataxia 感觉性共济失调步态ganciclovir 更昔洛韦ganglioside 基因诊断gene therapy 基因治疗ganglioneuritis 神经节神经炎gaze palsy 凝视麻痹generalized tonic-clonic seizure, GTCS 全面性强直-阵挛发作genetic susceptibility 遗传易感性germinal matrix 室管膜下细胞母基质germinal matrix 母基质Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome GSS综合征Glatiramer acetate 醋酸格拉太咪尔giant cell temporal arteritis 巨细胞颞动脉炎global aphasia, GA 完全性失语glosspharyngeal neuralgia 舌咽神经痛Gordon sign Gordon征grand mal 大发作granulovacuolar degeneration 颗粒空泡变性Guillain-Barré syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征HHachinski ischemia scale, HIS Hachinski缺血积分Hallerverden-Spatz disease 苍白球黑质红核色素变性handicap 残障headache 头痛heel-kneel-shin test 跟-膝-胫试验helper T cells type 1, Th1 辅助性T细胞1型helper T cells type 2, Th2 辅助性T细胞2型helical tube 螺旋管hemianopia 偏盲hemiatrophy 偏侧萎缩症hemiballismus 偏身投掷运动hematomyelia 脊髓出血hemichorea 偏侧舞蹈症hemifacial spasm 偏侧面肌痉挛hemiplegia 偏瘫hemiplegic migraine偏瘫型偏头痛hemorrhagic infarct 出血性脑梗死hemorrhagic stroke 出血性卒中hepatitis B virus, HBV 乙型肝炎病毒hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD 肝豆状核变性hereditary ataxias 遗传性共济失调hereditary ataxias with muscular atrophy 遗传性共济失调伴肌萎缩hereditary spastic paraplegia,HSP 遗传性痉挛性截瘫hereditary dysautomonia 遗传性自主神经障碍hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, HMSN 遗传性运动感觉性神经病herpes simplex virus encephalitis 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎herpes zoster encephalitis 带状疱疹病毒性脑炎HLA phenotype HLA表型Hoffmann sign 霍夫曼征homonymous hemianopia 对侧同向性偏盲Horner’s syndrome 霍纳综合征24 hour intrathecal IgG synthesis rate 鞘内IgG24小时合成率HTLV-I associated myelopathy, HAM HTLV-I相关脊髓病human immunodeficiency virus, HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒human T-lymphotropic virus type I, HTLV-I 人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I型Huntington chorea 亨廷顿舞蹈病Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病Huntington protein 亨廷顿蛋白hyaline arterionecrosis 玻璃样小动脉坏死hyaline fatty change 玻璃样脂肪变hyalinosis 透明变性hydergine 海得琴hydrocephalus 脑积水hyperacusis 听觉过敏hyperaesthesia 感觉过敏hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, HyPP 高血钾型周期性瘫痪hyperkinesias 运动过多hyperpathia 感觉过度hyperpathia 痛觉过度hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病hypertensive end-organ disease 高血压终末器官病hypertention 高血压hypokalemic periodic paralysis,HoPP 低钾型周期性瘫痪hysteric paralysis 癔病性瘫痪hysterical gait 癔病步态Iibuprophen 布洛芬ICP 颅内压ideational apraxia 观念性失用ideational motor apraxia 观念运动性失用ideomotor apraxia 观念运动性失用症idiopathic facial palsy 特发性面神经麻痹idiopathic torsion dystonia 特发性扭转性肌张力障碍idiopathic特发性IGA 颅内肉芽肿性动脉炎Imipramine 丙咪嗪idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压IFN- g g-干扰素IgG-index IgG指数immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白immunomodulating drugs 免疫调节剂immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂immunoblot免疫印迹impairment 残损inclusion body myositis,IBM 包涵体肌炎incoordination 协调运动障碍index events (临床)索引事件indinavir 印地那韦indomethacin 吲哚美辛intelligence 智能障碍insomnia 失眠inflammatory 炎症性疾病intention tremor 意向性震颤intercostal neuralgia 肋间神经痛interferon- a, IFN- a a-干扰素interferon- b, IFN- b b-干扰素interferon-b therapy b-干扰素疗法internal capsule 内囊internuclear ophthalmoplegia 核间性眼肌麻痹intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH 脑出血intracranial hypotension headache 低颅压性头痛intractable epilepsy 难治性癫intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIG 静脉注射免疫球蛋白intrinsic factor 内因子involuntary movements 不自主运动ion channel disease 离子通道病iris hamartomas 虹膜异构体ischemic penumbra 缺血半暗带ischemic stroke 缺血性脑卒中isoniazidum, INH 异烟肼irtacomazole 伊曲康唑JJackson sign 杰克逊征Jackson’s seizure 杰克逊癫Jerk nystagmus 急动性眼震Jitter 颤抖Jitter baby 紧张不安婴儿Jolly test 疲劳试验KKayser-Fleischer ring K-F环角膜色素环Kearns-Sayre syndrome, KSS KSS 综合征kernicterus 核黄疸Kernig’s sign 克匿格征kinetic apraxia 运动性失用症Klippel-Feil deformation Klippel-Feil畸形Knee clonus 髌阵挛knee phenomenon, patellar tendon reflex 膝腱反射Kojewnikow seizure 单纯部分性运动发作持续状态kuru disease Kuru病Llaboratory-supported dignosed MS, LSDMS 实验室检查支持确诊的多发性硬化laboratory-supported probable MS, LSPMS 实验室检查支持可能的多发性硬化lacunar infarct 腔隙性梗死lacunar state 腔隙状态lacunar syndrome 腔隙综合征laminin 层粘蛋白lamivudine 拉米夫定Lambert-Eaton syndrome, LEMS 肌无力综合征laminin 基质蛋白lamotrigine, LTG 拉莫三嗪Landry ascending paralysis Landry上升性麻痹Landry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl syndromeLandry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl综合征Lasegue’s sign 直腿抬高实验Late-life migraine 晚发性偏头痛lateral cerebral ventriculus 侧脑室lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy 股外侧皮神经炎lateral sinus thrombosis 乙状窦血栓形成lead-pipe rigidity 铅管样强直Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Lennox-Gastaut综合征Learned sleep-preventing associations 习得性阻睡联想leptospirosis 钩端螺旋体病lesion 病理灶leukemia 白血病leukoaraiosis 脑白质疏松症levodopa, L-Dopa 左旋多巴Lewy body 路易小体Lewy body variant of Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer病路易体型light reflex of pupils 瞳孔光反射limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 肢带型肌营养不良症Lisch modules Lisch结节Little disease 脑性痉挛性双侧瘫痪local pain 局部性疼痛locked-in syndrome 闭锁综合征Lorazepam 劳拉西泮low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白基因lower motor neuron 下运动神经元lumbar puncture 腰椎穿刺Lyme disease 莱姆病lymphoma 淋巴瘤MMacewen’s sign Macewen征(破壶音)Machado-Joseph disease, MJD MJD病Macular sparing 黄斑回避mad cow disease, MCD 疯牛病Madopar 美多芭magnetic resonance spetroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱检查法magnetic resornance angiography, MRA 磁共振成像血管造影magnetic resornance imaging, MRI 磁共振成像magnetoencepha1ography, MEG 脑磁图major stroke 大卒中manual therapy techniques 手法治疗技术Marinesco-Sjogren syndrone Marinesco-Sjogren综合征mass reflex 总体反射maternal inheritance 母系遗传marchepetit pas 小步态masked face 面具脸matrix (subependymal) hemorrhage in premature infants 早产儿基质(室管膜下)出血medullated fibers 有髓神经纤维Meige syndrome 眼睑痉挛-口、下颌肌张力Melodinetic apraxia 肢体运动性失用症memory impairment记忆障碍Méniere disease 梅尼埃病, 内耳眩晕病meningismus 脑膜刺激征meralgia paresthesia 感觉异常性股痛metachromatic leudodystrophy 异染性脑白质营养不良metabolic neuropathy 代谢性神经病Methotrexate, MTX 氨甲蝶呤Methylprednisolone 甲基强的松龙Methylprednisolone 甲基泼尼松龙Midazolam 咪达唑仑midodrine hydrochloride 盐酸米多君migaine equivalents 偏头痛等位症migraine 偏头痛migraine with aura 有先兆的偏头痛migraine without aura无先兆的偏头痛migrainous infarction 偏头痛性梗死mild cognitive impairment 轻度认知障碍milkmaid grip 挤奶妇手法Miller-Fisher syndrome, MFS Miller-Fisher综合征mini-mental state examine, MMSE 简易精神状态检查量表minor stroke 小卒中mitochndrial DNA, Mt DNA 线粒体DNAmitochndrial encephalomyopathies 线粒体脑肌病mitochndrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke, MELAS线粒体肌病伴乳酸血症和卒中样发作mitochndrial myopathies 线粒体肌病mitochondrial encephalopathy 线粒体脑病Mniere disease 内耳性眩晕MLF内侧纵束mixed transcortical aphasia, MTA 经皮层混合性失语modified PMH with motor aphasia 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并运动性失语molecular mimicry 分子模拟monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance,MGUS 良性单克隆丙种球蛋白病血症mononeuropathy 单神经病mononuclear cells, MNC 单个核细胞monophasic course 单相型病程monoplegia 单瘫motor apraxia 运动性失用motor evoked potential 症状波动motor evoked potential, MEP 运动诱发电位motor neuron disease, MND 运动神经元病movement disorders 运动障碍疾病Moyamoya disease 烟雾病multifocal motor neuropathy, MMN 多灶性运动神经病multi-infarct dementia, MID 多梗死性痴呆multiple infarct 多发性脑梗死multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化multiple subpial transection 多处软脑膜下横切术multiple system atrophy, MSA 多系统萎缩multiple tics-coprolalia syndrome, Tourette syndrome, TS 抽动秽语综合征muscle force 肌力muscular disorders 肌肉疾病muscular tension 肌张力myasthenia gravis, MG 重症肌无力myasthenic crisis 肌无力危象mycoplasma pneumonia, MP 肺炎支原体myelin associated glycoprotein, MAG 髓鞘素结合糖蛋白myelin basic protein, MBP 髓鞘素碱性蛋白myelin oligodentrocyte glycoprotein, MOG 少突胶质细胞糖蛋白myelin regeneration 髓鞘再生myelinopathies髓鞘病mycotic霉菌性mycophenolate 骁悉myelitis of noninfectious inflammatory type 非感染性炎症型脊髓炎myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers, MERRF 肌阵挛性癫伴肌肉破碎红纤维myodil 碘苯酯myoid cell 肌样细胞myokymia 肌纤维颤搐myopathic gait 肌病步态myosin 肌球蛋白myotonia 肌强直myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症myotonin protein dinase 肌强直蛋白激酶Nnaproxen 萘普生narcolepsy 发作性睡病ndex events 索引事件nelfinavir 奈非那韦near vision 近视力neostigmine test 新斯的明试验neostriatum 新纹状体nerve conduction velocity, NCV 神经传导速度nerve deafness 感音性耳聋nerve root 神经根neuralgia 神经痛neurapraxia 神经失用neurodegenerative diseases 神经变性疾病neurofibrillary tangles, NFTs 神经原纤维缠结neurofibromatosis, NF 神经纤维瘤病neurogenic orthostatic hypotension 神经源性体位性低血压neurokinin A 神经激肽Aneurologic examination 神经系统检查neurological rehabilitation, NR 神经康复neurology 神经病学neuromuscular junction, NMJ 神经-肌肉接头neuromyelitis optica, NMO 视神经脊髓炎neuronal degeneration 神经元变性neuronopathies 神经元病neuroscience 神经科学neurosyphilis 神经梅毒neurotmesis 神经断伤neurotropic virus 嗜神经病毒nightmares 梦魇nimodipine 尼莫地平Nitrazepam 硝西泮non aneurysmal SAH, nA-SAH 非动脉瘤性SAHnon-rapid eye movement,NREM非快速眼球运动norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素non-medullated fibers 无髓神经纤维normal kalemic periodic paralysis 正常血钾型周期性瘫痪noseresthesia 感觉倒错nuclear ophthalmoplegia 核性眼肌麻痹nystagmus 眼球震颤Oobstructive hydrocephalus 阻塞性脑积水obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征occipital neuralgia 枕神经痛occupational therapy, OT 作业治疗ocular dystrophy 眼肌型肌营养不良oculocardiac reflex 眼心反射oculocephalic reflex 头眼反射oculopharyngeal dystrophy 眼咽型肌营养不良oculovestibular 眼前庭反射oily face 脂颜alanzapine 奥氮平oligoclonal bands, OB 寡克隆带olivopontocerebellar atrophy, OPCA 橄榄脑桥小脑萎缩one and a half syndrome 一个半综合征ophthalmoplegia 眼肌麻痹ophthalmoplegia-ataxia-areflexia syndrome 眼肌麻痹-共济失调-深反射消失综合征ophthalmopkegia migraine 眼肌麻痹型偏头痛opisthotonos 角弓反张Oppenheim sign Oppenheim征optic neuritis, ON 视神经炎oromandibular dystonia 口-下颌肌张力障碍orthopaedics 矫形Oxazepam奥沙西泮Ppain 疼痛painful ophthalmopbegia 痛性眼肌麻痹paired helical filaments, PHFs 双股螺旋细丝palatal reflex 软腭反射paleostriatum 旧纹状体pallidotomy 苍白球毁损术palmomental reflex 掌颌反射Pandy test Pandy 实验pandysautonimia 全自主神经功能不全paraesthesia 感觉异常paralysis 瘫痪paralysis agitans, shaking palsy 震颤麻痹paralysis of abducens nerve 外展神经麻痹paralysis of oculomotor nerve 动眼神经麻痹paralysis of trochlear nerve 滑车神经麻痹paraneoplastic neuropathy 副肿瘤性神经病paraplegia 截瘫paraplegia of isolated muscle groups 孤立性肌群瘫痪parasomnias异态睡眠paraspinal 脊旁肌营养不良parasympathetic nervous system 副交感神经系统paresthesia 感觉异常Parinaud syndrome 帕里诺综合征Parkin gene Parkin基因Parkinson disease with dementia 帕金森病合并痴呆Parkinson’s disease 帕金森病parkinsonism 帕金森综合征paroxysmal depolarization shift, PDS 发作性去极化漂移partial seizures 部分性发作past history 既往史patellar clonus 髌阵挛pathological diagnosis 病理学诊断penobarbital, PB 苯巴比妥pentoxifylline 已酮可可碱peak-dose dyskinesia 剂峰运动障碍pendular nustagmus 钟摆样眼震perfusion-weighted imaging, PWI MR灌注加权成像pergolide培高利特periodic paralysis 周期性瘫痪peripheral nerve 周围神经peripheral nervous system, PNS 周围神经系统peripheral nervous 周围性眼肌麻痹PET 正电子发射断层扫描periventricular leukomalacia 脑室旁白质软化persistent vegetative state 持续性植物状态personal history 个人史petit mal 小发作phenytoin 苯妥英纳pharmacological causes 药物性原因physical causes 躯体性原因physiological causes 生理性原因phenylethyl malonamide 苯乙基丙二酰胺phenytoin, PHT 苯妥英physical agents and mechanical modalities 理疗和器械治疗physical therapy, PT 物理治疗physostigmine 毒扁豆碱Pick complex Pick综合征Pick's disease Pick病pill-rolling-like tremor 搓丸样震颤pimozide 哌咪清plantar reflex 跖反射plasma cell dyscrasia 浆细胞恶液质plasma exchange, PE 血浆交换platybasia 扁平颅底pleocytosis 脑脊液单个核细胞增多plexus chorioideus 脉络丛PMH sparing the face 纯运动性轻偏瘫无面瘫PMH with confusion 纯运动性轻偏瘫伴有精神混乱PMH with crossed sixth-nerve palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并外展神经交叉瘫PMH with crossed third-nerve palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并动眼神经交叉瘫PMH with horizontal gaze palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并水平性凝视麻痹POEMS syndrome POEMS综合征poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎polymerase chain reaction, PCR 聚合酶链反应polymyositis, PM 多发性肌炎polyneuropathy 多发性神经病polyneuropathy, PN 多发性周围神经病porphyrian disease 卟啉病positron emission tomography, PET 正电子发射断层扫描PPRF 脑桥旁正中网状结构Praziquantel 吡喹酮possible carrier 可能携带者postinfectious encephalomyelitis 感染后脑脊髓炎postural tremor 姿势性震颤prednison 强的松presenilin 1, PS1 早老素1基因presenilin 2, PS2 早老素2基因present history 现病史prethrombotic state 血栓前状态primary lateral sclerosis 原发性侧索硬化primary progressive aphasia 原发性进行性失语prion dementia without spastic paraparesis 朊蛋白痴呆伴痉挛性截瘫prion dementia without characteristic pathology朊蛋白痴呆prion disease 朊蛋白病prion protein, PrP SC, PrP CJD朊蛋白probable carrier 很可能携带者professional spasm 职业性痉挛progressive bulbar palsy 进行性延髓麻痹progressive external ophthamoplegia, PEO 进行性眼外肌痹progressive MS 进展型多发性硬化progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, PML 进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy, PMD 进行性肌营养不良症progressive rubella panencephalitis, PRP 进行性风疹全脑炎progressive spinal muscular atrophy, PSMA 进行性脊肌萎缩症progressive stroke 进展性卒中prolonged depolaarizing shift,PDS 延长的去极化漂移propranolol 心得安progressive supranuclear palsy, PSP 进行性核上性麻痹proteolipid protein, PLP 含脂质蛋白pseudobulbar palsy 假性球麻痹pseudoepileptic seizures 假性癫痫发作pseudohypertrophy 假性肥大pseudoneuroma 精神性原因psychiatric symptoms 精神症状psychological causes心理性原因psychophysiological insomnia 心理生理性失眠pure motor hemiparesis, PMH 纯运动性轻偏瘫pure sensory stroke, PSS 纯感觉性卒中Pussep sign Pussep征pyrazinamidum, PZA 吡嗪酰胺pyridostigmine bromide 溴吡斯的明Qqualitative diagnosis 定性诊断Queckenstedt test压颈试验Rradial reflex 桡反射radiating 浣熊眼radiating pain 放射性疼痛ragged-red fibers, RRF 破碎红纤维rapid eye movement,REM快速眼球运动Ranvier node Ranvier结Raynaud disease 雷诺病Recurrence of hemorrhage 再出血rebound phenomenon 回弹现象referred pain 牵涉性疼痛reflex epilepsy反射性癫痫Refsum disease 遗传性共济失调性多发性神经病Refsum disease 殖烷酸累积症reginal cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量rehabilitation therapy 康复治疗relapsing course 复发型病程relapsing type of AIDP 复发型AIDPrelapsing-remiting MS 复发-缓解型多发性硬化REM sleep behavior disorder,RBD REM睡眠行为障碍Reminyl 加兰他敏reperfusion damage 再灌注损伤repetition 复述restless legs syndrome, RLS不安腿综合征repetitive nerve stimulation, RNS 重复神经电刺激resting tremor 静止性震颤retraction reflex 头后仰反射retrovirus 逆转录病毒reverse transportation 反向(逆向)运输reverse first-night effect 首夜颠倒效应reversible ischemic neurological defict, RIND 可逆性缺血性神经功能缺失risperidone 维思通ritonavir 利托那韦rheumatic chorea 风湿性舞蹈病rifampicinum, RFP 利福平rigidity 肌强直riluzole 力鲁唑Rinne test Rinne试验Romberg sign 闭目难立征Rossolimo sign 罗索利莫征rt-PA 重组的组织型纤溶酶原激活剂ryanodine receptor, RYR ryanodine受体Ssatellite cells 卫星细胞Schaeffer sign Schaeffer征schistosomiasis 脑型血吸虫病Schwann cells Schwann细胞Saquinavir 沙奎那韦sciatica 坐骨神经痛scissors gait 剪刀步态seizure 痫性发作seizure focus 致灶selective posterior rhizotomy, SPR 选择性脊神经后根切断术selegillin 司来吉兰senile plaques 老年斑sensorimotor stroke, SMS 感觉运动性卒中sertraline 舍曲林sensory ataxia 感觉性共济失调sensory disturbance 感觉障碍shadow plaques 影斑区Shy-Drager syndrome, SDS 特发性体位性直立性低血压sigmoideus sinus thrombosis 乙状窦血栓形成silent stroke 静息性卒中single photon emission computed tomography, SPECT 单光子发射计算机断层sinemet 帕金宁，息宁Sjogren syndrome 干燥综合征Situation related epileptic seizure 状态关联性癫痫发作SK 链激酶smoking 吸烟snout reflex 口轮匝肌反射somatosensory evoked potentials, SEP 躯体感觉诱发电位somnolence 嗜睡sleep terror 睡惊症sleep walding 睡行症smoking 吸烟somatostatin 生长抑素sparing of macular vision 黄斑回避southern blot DNA印迹技术spasmodic torticollis 痉挛性斜颈spastic hemiplegic gait 痉挛性偏瘫步态spastic paralysis 痉挛性瘫痪spastic paraparetic gait 痉挛性截瘫步态spastical paraplegia 痉挛性截瘫speech expression 语言表达speech therapy, ST 语言治疗spinal muscular atrophy, SMA 脊髓肌萎缩症spinal shock 脊髓休克survival motor neuron(SMN) 运动神经元生存基因spinal TIA 脊髓短暂性缺血发作spinocerebellar ataxia, SCA 脊髓小脑性共济失调spreading pain 扩散性疼痛static tremor 静止性震颤status epilepticus 癫痫持续状态status migrainosus偏头痛持续状态stavudine 司他夫定steady state 稳态steal syndrome 盗血综合征steppage gait 跨阈步态stiff-person syndrome 僵人综合征。
神经外科常用英文词汇
神经系统（nervous system）是机体内对生理功能活动的调节起主导作用的系统，主要由神经组织组成，分为中枢神经系统（central nervous system）和周围神经系统（peripheral nervous system）两大部分。
中枢神经系统又包括脑（brain）和脊髓（spinal cord），周围神经系统包括颅神经（cranial nerves，也称“脑神经”）和脊神经（spinal nerves）。
神经组织是由神经细胞和神经胶质细胞（glial cell）组成的，它们都是有突起的细胞。
神经细胞是神经系统的结构和功能单位，亦称神经元（neuron）。
神经元数量庞大，它们具有接受刺激、传导冲动和整合信息的能力。
有些神经元还有内分泌功能。
01 常见词根词缀合集neur神经，神经系统（neurotoxic神经毒性的）encephal脑（encephaledema脑水肿）cerebr大脑（decerebrate切除大脑，消除大脑功能）cerebell小脑（cerebellospinal小脑脊髓的）mening脑膜（meningorrhagia脑膜出血）ventricul脑室thalam丘脑ax轴突（axonal轴突的）dendr树突（dendriceptor树突受体的；dendriform树状的）gangli/gonglion神经节neuron神经元gli神经胶质（gliophagia神经胶质细胞吞噬作用）cortic皮质medull髓（medullary髓质的，延髓的；medulloculture骨髓培养）myel脊髓（poliomyelosis脊髓灰质炎；myelosis骨髓瘤形成; 骨髓组织增生）psych精神的（psychosomatic身心的，心身失调的；psychotropic作用于精神的）somn睡眠（somnolence嗜睡）-algia痛（arthralgia关节痛）-esthesia感觉，知觉（anesthesia麻醉，麻木）-lepsy突然发作（epilepsy癫痫）-lexia阅读-paresis偏瘫（左/右边的一半）（hemiparesis轻偏瘫）-phasia言语-plegia瘫痪（quadriplegia四肢麻痹，四肢瘫痪；facioplegia面瘫；paraplgia截瘫，半身不遂）-phobia恐惧hemi-一半（hemianesthesia偏侧感觉缺失）intra-内02 单词词组学习*神经系统&大脑neuron神经元ganglion神经节glial神经胶质的axon轴突dendrite树突sympathetic交感神经parasympathetic副交感神经innervate 使受神经支配的medulla oblongata延髓cerebrum大脑hemisphere大脑半球cerebellum小脑thalamus丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑；丘脑下部pons脑桥meninges脑膜cavity/ventricle脑室词根cerebell/o: cerebellum 小脑cerebellar 小脑的cerebellitis 小脑炎cerebellopontine 小脑脑桥cerebr/o: cerebrum 大脑cerebral 大脑的cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cerebral artery 大脑动脉cerebral cortex 大脑皮层encephala/: brain 脑encephalitis 脑炎encephalopathy 脑病（hepatic encephalopathy肝性脑病）electroencephalogram 脑电图Mening/o：脑膜Meningitis 脑膜炎Meningeal 脑膜的Meningioma 脑膜瘤Kinesia: movement 运动Bradykinesia 运动徐缓（见于Parkison disease）Dyskinesia 运动障碍Esthesia: 感觉Hyperesthesia 感觉过敏Anaesthesia 麻醉（没有感觉）Paresis: 无力Hemiparesis 轻偏瘫Plegia: 瘫痪Hemiplegia 偏瘫Paraplegia 截瘫Quadriplegia 四肢瘫这几个看下图就明白了（但要学会掌握这些词根：hemi -, para -, quadra-）神经系统有个很有意思的词是arachoid，有个经典的疾病是subarachoid hemorrhage(蛛网膜下腔出血).Arachoid 这个词来源于希腊神话。
神经系统外文词汇
entrapyramidal tract锥体束外的 pyramidal 锥体的
pyramidal sign锥体束征 pyramidotomy锥体束切断术
cerebrology脑学 cerebromalacia脑软化
cerebropathy脑病 cerebrosclerosis脑硬化
cerebroside脑苷脂 cerebrotomy剖脑术；脑切开术
四、 小脑cerebello-
dendritic cell 树状细胞 dendrotoxin 树眼睛蛇毒素
dendroclimatology 示气候学 dendritic spine树突棘
dendrophysis 树状隔丝
dendritic cell neoplasmdendritic cell neoplasm树突状细胞肿瘤
synaptogenesis突触发生 synaptoneurosome突触神经小体
synaptolemma突触膜 synaptology突触学
二十、交感神经的sympatho-
sympathetic nerve 交感神经 sympathetic trunk 交感神经干
lateral pyramidal tract椎体侧束 pyramid of vermis 蚓锥体
十六、神经根radiculo-
radiculopathy神经根病 myeloradiculopathy脊髓神经根病
radiculitis 脊神经根炎 radiculoneuritis 神经根神经炎
ventriculocentesis 脑室穿刺术 ventriculogram 脑室造影片
神经病学英语词汇3
nervus 神经abducens nervus 展神经accessory nervus 副神经accessory obturator nervus 副闭孔神经acusticus nervus 听神经alveolaris inferior nervus 下牙槽神经alveolaris superior nervi 上牙槽神经auriculares anteriores nervi 耳前神经auriculares magnus nervus 耳大神经auriculares posterior nervus 耳大神经auriculotemporalis nervus 耳颞神经axillary nervus 腋神经buccalis nervus 颊神经canalis pterygoidei nervus 翼管神经cardiacus inferior nervus 心下神经cardiacus medius nervus 心中神经cardiacus superior nervus 心上神经cardiacus thoracici nervi 胸心支carotici externi nervi 颈外动脉神经carotici internus nervus 颈内动脉神经caroticotympanici inferior nervus 颈鼓下神经caroticotympanici nervi 颈鼓神经caroticotympanici superior nervus 颈鼓上神经cerebrales nervi 脑神经cervicales nervi 颈神经ciliares breves nervi 睫状短神经ciliares longi nervi 睫状长神经clunium inferiores nervi 臀下皮神经clunium medii nervi 臀中皮神经clunium superiores nervi 臀上皮神经coccygeus nervus 尾神经cochlear nervus 蜗神经common peroneal nervus 腓总神经cranial nervuss 颅神经cutaneus anterbrachii dorsalis nervus 前臂背侧皮神经cutaneus anterbrachii lateralis nervus 前臂外侧皮神经cutaneus anterbrachii medialis nervus 前臂内侧皮神经cutaneus brachii lateralis inferior nervus 臂外侧下皮神经 cutaneus brachii lateralis superior nervus 臂外侧上皮神经 cutaneus brachii medialis nervus 臂内侧皮神经cutaneus brachii posterior nervus 臂后皮神经cutaneus colli nervus 颈皮神经cutaneus dorsalis intermedius pedis nervus 足背中间皮神经 cutaneus dorsalis lateralis pedis nervus 足背外侧皮神经cutaneus dorsalis medialis pedis nervus 足背内侧皮神经 cutaneus femoris lateralis nervus 股外侧皮神经cutaneus femoris posterior nervus 股后皮神经cutaneus nervus 皮神经cutaneus surae lateralis nervus 腓肠外侧皮神经cutaneus surae medialis nervus 腓肠内侧皮神经digitales dorsales nervi 指背神经digitales dorsales pedis nervi 趾背神经digitales palmares communes nervi 指掌侧总神经digitales palmares proprii nervi 指掌侧固有神经digitales plantares communes nervi 趾底总神经digitales plantares propril nervi 趾底固有神经dorsal scapular nervus 肩胛背神经ethmoidalis anterior 筛前神经ethmoidalis posterior 筛后神经external carotid nervus 颈外动脉神经facial nervus 面神经femoral nervus 股神经fibularis communis nervus 腓总神经fibularis profundus nervus 腓深神经fibularis superficialis nervus 腓浅神经frontalis nervus 额神经genitogemoral nervus 生殖股神经glossopharyngeal nervus 舌咽神经gluteus inferiores nervus 臀下神经gluteus superiores nervus 臀上神经great auricular nervus 耳大神经great petrosal nervus 岩大神经great splanchnic nervus 内脏大神经haemorrhoidales inferiores nervi 肛门神经haemorrhoidales medii nervi 直肠下神经haemorrhoidales superiores nervi 直肠上神经hypogastricus nervus 腹下神经hypoglossal nervus 舌下神经iliohypogastricus nervus 髂腹下神经ilioinguinalis nervus 髂腹股沟神经imus splanchnic nervus 内脏最小神经inferior cervical cardiac nervus 颈下心神经infraorbitalis nervus 眶下神经infratrachlearis nervus 滑车下神经ingerior gluteal nervus 臂下神经intercostobrachiales nervus 肋间臂神经intermedius nervus 中间神经internal carotid nervus 颈内动脉神经interosseus anterior nervus 前臂骨间前神经interosseus cruris nervus 小腿骨间神经interosseus posterior nervus 前臂骨间后神经ischiadicus nervus 坐骨神经jugular nervus 颈静脉神经lacrimalis nervus 泪腺神经laryngeus inferior nervus 喉下神经laryngeus recurrens nervus 喉返神经laryngeus superior nervus 喉上神经lateral anterior thoracic nervus 胸前外侧神经lateral femeral cutaneous nervus 股外侧皮神经lesser occipital nervus 枕小神经lesser splanchnic nervus 内脏小神经lingualis nervus 舌神经long thoracic nervus 胸长神经lumbar nervus 腰神经lumbar splanchnic nervus 腰内脏神经lumboinguinalis nervus 腰腹股沟神经mandibularis nervus 下颌神经massetericus nervus 咬肌神经masticatorius nervus 咀嚼神经maxillaris nervus 上颌神经meatus acustici externi 外耳道神经medial antebrachial cutaneous nervus 前臂内侧皮神经 medial anterior thoracic nervus 胸前内侧神经medial brachial cutaneous nervus 臂内侧皮神经median nervus 正中神经meningeus nervus 脑膜神经mentalis nervus 颏神经middle cervical cardiac nervus 颈中心神经musculouraneous nervus 肌皮神经mylohyoideus nervus下颌舌骨神经nasocilaris nervus 鼻睫神经nasopalatinus nervus 鼻腭神经obturator nervus 闭孔神经occipitall major nervus 枕大神经occipitall minor nervus 枕小神经occipitall tertius nervus 枕第三神经octavus nervus 第八对神经oculomotor nervus 动眼神经olfactory nervus 嗅神经optic nervus 视神经palatini nervus 腭神经palatinus major nervus 腭大神经palatinus medius nervus 腭中神经palatinus minores nervi 腭小神经pectoralis lateralis nervus 胸外侧神经pectoralis medialis nervus 胸内侧神经pelvic splanchnic nervus 盆内脏神经perinei nervus 会阴神经peroneus communis nervus 腓总神经peroneus profundus accessorius nervus 副腓深神经 peroneus profundus nervus 腓深神经peroneus superficialis nervus 腓浅神经petrosus major nervus 岩大神经petrosus minor nervus 岩小神经petrosus profundus nervus 岩深神经petrosus superficialis major 岩浅大神经petrosus superficialis minor 岩浅小神经phrenic accessorii nervi 副膈神经phrenic nervus 膈神经plantares lateralis nervi 足底外侧神经plantares medialis nervi 足底内侧神经posterior femoral cutaneous nervus 股后皮神经pterygoideus lateralis nervus 翼外神经pterygoideus medialis nervus 翼内神经pterygopalatini nervus 翼腭神经pudendus nervus 阴部神经radial nervus 桡神经sacral splanchnic nervus 骶内脏神经sacrales nervi 骶神经saphenus nervus 隐神经sciatic nervus 坐骨神经spinosus 棘神经spiral nervuss 脊神经splanchnic nervus 蝶腭神经stapedius 镫骨神经subclavicular nervus 锁骨下神经subcostalis nervus 肋下神经sublingualis nervus 舌下神经subscapular nervus 肩胛下神经superior cervical cardiac nervus 颈上心神经superior gluteal nervus 臂上神经supraclavicular intermedii nervi 锁骨上中间神经 supraclavicular laterales nervi 锁骨上外侧神经 supraclavicular mediales nervi 锁骨上内侧神经supraclavicular nervus 锁骨上神经supraorbitalis nervus 眶上神经suprascapular nervus 肩胛上神经supratrachlearis nervus 滑车上神经suralis nervus 腓肠神经temporalis profundi anterior nervus 颞深前神经 temporalis profundi nervi 颞深神经temporalis profundi posterior nervus 颞深后神经 temsoris tympani nervus 鼓膜张肌神经temsoris veli palatini nervus 腭帆张肌神经tentorii nervus 幕神经terminal nervus 终神经thoracales anteriores nervus 胸前神经thoracales nervus 胸神经thoracales posteriors nervus 胸后神经thoracalis longus nervus 胸长神经thoracic aortic nervus 胸主动脉神经thoracic cardiac nervus 胸心神经thoracodorsal nervus 胸背神经tibial nervus 胫神经transversus colli nervus 颈横神经trigeminal nervus 三叉神经trochlear nervus 滑车神经tympanicus nervus 鼓室神经ulnar nervus 尺神经utricularis nervus 椭圆囊神经utriculoampullaris nervus 椭圆囊壶腹神经vague nervus 迷走神经vertebral nervus 椎动脉神经vertebralis nervus 椎神经vestibular nervus 前庭神经vestibulocochlear nervus 前庭蜗神经viaceral nervus 内脏神经vomenasal nervus 犁鼻神经zygomaticus 颧神经ganglion,ganglia 神经节autonomic ganglia 自主神经节basal ganglia 基底节celiac ganglion 腹腔神经节cevicothoracic ganglion 颈胸神经节ciliary ganglion 睫状神经节intermidiate ganglion 中间神经节lumbar ganglia 腰神经节middle cevical ganglion 颈中神经节otic ganglion 耳神经节paravetebral ganglia 椎旁神经节peterygopalatine ganglion 翼腭神经节prevetebral ganglia 椎前神经节pseudo- ganglion 假神经节sacral ganglia 骶神经节spinal ganglia 脊神经节spiral ganglion 螺旋神经节stallat ganglion 星状神经节submendibular ganglion 下颌下神经节superior cervical ganglion 颈上神经节thracic ganglia 胸神经节trigeminal ganglion 三叉神经节vertebral ganglion 椎动脉神经节vestibular ganglion 前庭神经节nucleus of nerve 神经核abducent nucleus 展神经核amygdaloid nuclei 杏仁核簇anterodorsal nucleus 前背核(丘脑)anteromedial nucleus 前内侧核(丘脑)anteroventral nucleus 前腹核(丘脑)arcuate nucleus 弓状核(下丘脑)Cajal's interstitial nucleus 卡佳尔氏核(中脑)caudal pontine reticular nucleus 脑桥尾侧网状核(网状结构) caudate nucleus 尾状核central lateral nucleus 中央外侧核(丘脑)central medial nucleus 中央内侧核(丘脑)central nucleus of inferior colliculus 下丘中央核centromedian nucleus 中央中核(丘脑)claustrum 屏状核commissural nucleus of vagus nerve 迷走神经连合核cuneiform nucleus 楔形核(网状结构)Darkschewitsch's nucleus 达克施威茨氏核(中脑)deep tegmental nucleus被盖深核(网状结构)dentate nucleus 齿状核(小脑)dorsal cochlear nucleus 蜗神经背侧核dorsal nucleus of Clarke 背核dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve 迷走神经背核dorsal tegmental nucleus被盖背核(网状结构)dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus 背内侧核(下丘脑)dorsomedial nucleus 背内侧核(丘脑)emboliform nucleus 栓状核(小脑)external nucleus of inferior colliculus 下丘外核fastigial nucleus 顶核(小脑)gigantocellular reticular nucleus 巨细胞网状核(网状结构)globos nucleus 球状核(小脑)globus pallidus 苍白球hypoglossal nucleus 舌下神经核inferior olivary nucleus 下橄榄核(延髓)inferior salibatory nucleus下泌涎核inferior vestibular nucleus, Deiter's nucleus 前庭神经下核infundibular nucleus 漏斗核(下丘脑)intermidiolateral nucleus 中间内侧核intermidiomedial nucleus 中间外侧核interpeduncular nucleus 脚间核intralaminar 板内侧核(丘脑)lateral cervical nucleus 颈外侧核lateral dorsal nucleus 背外侧核(丘脑)lateral genicular nucleus 外侧膝状体核(丘脑)lateral posterior nucleus 后外侧核(丘脑)lateral reticular nucleus外侧网状核(网状结构)lateral vestibular nucleus, Bechterew's nucleus 前庭神经外侧核 lentiform nucleus 豆状核limitans nucleus 界核(丘脑)mammillary nucleus 乳头体核(下丘脑)medial genicular nucleus 内侧膝状体核(丘脑)medial preoptic nucleus视前内侧核(下丘脑)medial vestibular nucleus, Schwalbe's nucleus 前庭神经内侧核 mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve 三叉神经中脑核midline nuclear group 中线核(丘脑)motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve 三叉神经运动核nuclei basales 基底核nuclei in pretectal area 顶盖前区核(中脑)nuclei of inferior colliculus 下丘核nuclei of superior colliculus 上丘核nucleus ambiguus 疑核nucleus centralis inferior中央下核(中缝核)nucleus centralis superior中央上核(中缝核)nucleus cuneatus accessorius 楔束副核(延髓)nucleus cuneatus 楔束核(延髓)nucleus gracilis 薄束核(延髓)nucleus intercalatus 中介核(延髓)nucleus linearis intermedius 线形中核(中缝核)nucleus linearis rostralis 线形上核(中缝核)nucleus of facial nerve 面神经核nucleus of lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系核nucleus of medial eminance 内侧隆起核nucleus of optic tract 视束核(中脑)nucleus of pontobulbar body 桥延体核(延髓)nucleus of posterior 后连合核nucleus of trapezoid body 斜方体核nucleus of trochlear nerve 滑车神经核lacrimal nucleus 泪腺核nucleus pigmentous pontis 脑桥色素细胞核nucleus prepositus 前置核(延髓)nucleus proprius posterior 后角固有核nucleus raphe dorsalis 中缝背核nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核nucleus raphe obscurus 中缝隐核nucleus raphe pallidus 中缝苍白核nucleus raphe pontis 脑桥中缝核nucleus subcoeruleus 蓝斑下核oculomotor nuclear complex 动眼神经核簇accessory oculomotor nuclei 动眼神经副核nucleus accessory nerve 副神经核nucleus of solitary tract 孤束核olivary nucleus of superior colliculus 上丘橄榄核(中脑)oral pontine reticular nucleus 脑桥首侧网状核(网状结构)para-abducent nucleus 旁展核parabigeminal nucleus 旁二叠板核paracentral medial nucleus 中央旁核(丘脑)parafascicular 束旁核(丘脑)paramedian reticular nucleus 旁正中网状核(网状结构)paratenial nucleus 带旁核(丘脑)paraventricular nucleus 室旁核(丘脑)parvicellular reticular nucleus 小细胞网状核(网状结构)pedunculopontotegmental nucleus 脑桥被盖核(网状结构)pedunculopontotegmental reticular nucleus 脑桥被盖网状核(网状结构) pericentral nucleus of inferior colliculus 下丘中央周核perihypoglossal nuclei 舌下周核(延髓)peripeduncular nucleus 脚周核pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve 三叉神经脑桥核posteromarginal nucleus 后角边缘核potine nucleus 脑桥核pregenicular nucleus 膝状体前核(丘脑)preoptic periventricular nucleus 视前室周核(下丘脑)principal pretectal nucleus 顶盖前区主核(中脑)principal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经感觉主核putamen 壳raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核reticular nucleus of thalamus 丘脑网状核(丘脑)reuniens nucleus 连结核(丘脑)rhomboidal nucleus 菱形核(丘脑)Roller's nucleus 罗尔氏核(延髓)sacral parasympathetic nucleus 骶副交感核septal nuclei 隔核spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve 三叉神经脊束核subcuneiform nucleus 旁楔形核(网状结构)sublentiform nucleus 豆状下核(中脑)substantia gelatinosa 胶状质subthalamic nucleus 底丘脑核superior olivary complex 上橄榄核簇superior salibatory nucleus上泌涎核superior vestibular nucleus, Schwalbe's nucleus 前庭神经上核 suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核(下丘脑)supragenicular nucleus 膝状体上核(丘脑)supramammillary nucleus 乳头上核(下丘脑)supraoptic nucleus视上核(下丘脑)tuberal nuclei 结节核(下丘脑)ventral anterior nucleus 腹前核(丘脑)ventral cochlear nucleus 蜗神经腹侧核ventral lateral nucleus 腹外侧核(丘脑)ventral posterior inferior nucleus 腹后下核(丘脑)ventral posterior nucleus 腹后核(丘脑)ventral posterolateral nucleus 腹后外侧核(丘脑)ventral posteromedial nucleus 腹后内侧核(丘脑)ventral reticular nucleus 腹侧网状核(网状结构)ventral tegmental nucleus 被盖腹核(网状结构)ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus 腹内侧核(下丘脑)arteria 动脉arteria alveolaris inferior 下牙槽动脉arteria alveolaris superior anterior 上牙槽前动脉arteria alveolaris superior posterior 上牙槽后动脉arteria angularis 内眦动脉arteria anonyma 无名动脉arteria anterior choroid 脉络膜前动脉arteria aorta 主动脉arteria auditiva interna 迷路动脉arteria auditiva interna 内听动脉arteria auriculares anteriores 耳前动脉arteria auriculares posterior 耳后动脉arteria auriculares profunda 耳深动脉arteria basilaris 基底动脉arteria buccalis 颊动脉arteria calcarine 距状沟动脉arteria carotis communis 颈总动脉arteria carotis externa 颈外动脉arteria carotis interna 颈内动脉arteria central 中央沟动脉arteria centralis retinae 视网膜中央动脉arteria cerebelli inferior anterior 小脑下后动脉 arteria cerebelli inferior anterior 小脑下前动脉 arteria cerebelli superior 小脑上动脉arteria cerebri anterior 大脑前动脉arteria cerebri media 大脑中动脉arteria cerebri posterior 大脑后动脉arteria cerebri 大脑动脉arteria communicans anterior cerebri 前交通动脉 arteria communicans posterior cerebri 后交通动脉 arteria facialis 面动脉arteria infraorbitalis 眶下动脉arteria labyrinthi 迷路动脉arteria lenticulostriate 豆纹动脉arteria lingualis 舌动脉arteria maxillaris 上颌动脉arteria medullary 髓动脉arteria meiningea anterior 脑膜前动脉arteria meiningea media 脑膜中动脉arteria meiningea posterior 脑膜后动脉arteria mentalis 颏动脉arteria ophthalmica 眼动脉arteria potine 脑桥动脉arteria precentral 中央沟前动脉arteria redicular 根动脉arteria sphenopalatina 蝶腭动脉arteria spinalis anterior 脊髓前动脉arteria spinalis posterior 脊髓后动脉arteria sublingualis 舌下动脉arteria submentalis 颏下动脉arteria sulcal 沟动脉arteria superior hypophyseal 垂体动脉arteria supraorbitalis 眶上动脉arteria temporalis media 颞中动脉arteria temporalis profundae anterior 颞深前动脉 arteria temporalis profundae posterior 颞深后动脉 arteria temporalis profundae 颞深动脉arteria temporalis superficialis 颞浅动脉arteria tympanica anterior 鼓室前动脉arteria tympanica inferior 鼓室下动脉arteria tympanica posterior 鼓室后动脉arteria tympanica superior 鼓室上动脉arteria vertebralis 椎动脉vena 静脉vena anastomotica inferior 下吻合静脉(大脑中浅静脉) vena anastomotica superior 上吻合静脉(大脑中浅静脉) vena angularis 内眦静脉vena arueductus vestibuli 前庭水管静脉vena basalis 基底静脉vena canaliculi cochleae 蜗小管静脉vena canalis pterygoidei(Vidii) 翼管静脉vena centralis retinae 视网膜中央静脉vena cerebelli inferior 小脑下静脉vena cerebelli superior 小脑上静脉vena cerebri anterior 大脑前静脉vena cerebri anterior 大脑上静脉vena cerebri internae 大脑内静脉vena cerebri magna(Galeni) 大脑大静脉vena cerebri media profunda 大脑中深静脉vena cerebri media superficialis 大脑中浅静脉vena cerebri media 大脑中静脉vena cervicalis profunda 颈深静脉vena choroidea 脉络膜静脉vena choroideae oculi 眼脉络膜静脉(涡静脉)vena ciliares anteriores 睫状前静脉vena ciliares posteriores 睫状后静脉vena ciliares 睫状静脉vena diploica frontalis 额板障静脉vena diploica occipitalis 枕板障静脉vena diploica temporalis anterior 颞板障前静脉vena diploica temporalis posterior 颞板障后静脉vena emissaria mastoidea 乳突导静脉vena emissaria occipitalis 枕导静脉vena emissaria parietalis 顶导静脉vena emissaria 导静脉vena ethmoidales anterior 筛前静脉vena ethmoidales posterior 筛后静脉vena facialis anterior 面前静脉vena facialis communis 面总静脉vena facialis posterior 面后静脉vena facialis profunda 面深静脉vena facialis 面静脉vena intervertebralis 椎间静脉vena jugularis anterior 颈前静脉vena jugularis externa 颈外静脉vena jugularis interna 颈内静脉vena lingualis 舌静脉vena occipitalis 枕静脉vena opathalmomeningeae 眼脑膜静脉vena palatina externa 腭外静脉vena palatina 腭静脉vena profunda lingualis 舌深静脉vena septi pellucidi 透明隔静脉vena striata 纹状体静脉vena stylomastoidea 茎突静脉vena sublingualis 舌下静脉vena submentalis 颏下静脉vena supraorbitalis 眶上静脉vena temporalis media 颞中静脉vena thalamostriata 丘脑纹状体静脉vena transversa faciei 面横静脉vena vertebralis accessoria 副椎静脉vena vertebralis anterior 椎前静脉vena vertebralis 椎静脉venae auriculares anteriores 耳前静脉venae auriculares posteriores 耳后静脉venae basivertebrales 椎体静脉venae cerebri infanteriores 大脑前静脉venae conjunctivales anteriores 结膜前静脉venae conjunctivales posteriores 结膜后静脉venae conjunctivales 结膜静脉venae diploica 板障静脉venae ethmoidales 筛静脉venae frontales 额静脉venae labyrinthi 迷路静脉venae maxillares 上颌静脉venae meningeae mediae 脑膜中静脉venae meningeae 脑膜静脉venae palpebrales inferiores 下睑静脉venae palpebrales superiores 上睑静脉venae palpebrales 睑静脉venae spinales externae anteriores 脊髓外前静脉 venae spinales externae posteriores 脊髓外后静脉 venae spinales internae 脊髓内静脉venae spinales 脊髓静脉venae supratrochleares 滑车上静脉venae temporalis profundae 颞深静脉venae temporalis superficiales 颞浅静脉venae transversae colli 颈横静脉venae tympanicae 鼓室静脉venae vestibulares 前庭静脉venae vorticosae 涡静脉musculus 肌肉musculi biceps brachii 肱二头肌musculi brachialis 肱肌musculi brachioradialis 肱桡肌musculi buccalis 颊肌musculi cilliaris 睫状肌musculi deltoideus 三角肌musculi dilator pupillae 瞳孔开大肌musculi frontalis 额肌musculi gastrocnemius 腓肠肌musculi genioglossus 颏舌肌musculi glossopharyngeus 舌咽肌musculi inferior rectus 眼下直肌musculi lateral rectus 眼外直肌musculi latissimus dorsi 背阔肌musculi levator palpebrae superioris 上睑提肌 musculi masseter 咬肌musculi medial rectus 眼内直肌musculi obliquus inferior oculi 眼下斜肌musculi obliquus superior oculi 眼上斜肌musculi orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌musculi orbicularis oris 口轮匝肌musculi pterygoids 翼状肌musculi sternalis 蹬骨肌musculi sternomastoids 胸锁乳突肌musculi superior rectus 眼上直肌musculi trapezii 斜方肌musculi uvulae 悬雍垂肌os 骨骼atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎calvaris 颅盖canalis caroticus 颈动脉管canalis opticus 视神经管canalis pterygoideus 翼管canalis vertebralis 椎管clivus 斜坡fissura orbitalis superior 眶上裂fonticulus anterior 前囟fonticulus posterior 后囟foramen infraobitale 眶下孔foramen jugulare 颈静脉孔foramen lacerum 破裂孔foramen mentale 颏骨foramen processus transversus 横突孔 foramen stylomatoideum 茎乳孔fossa cranialis anterior 颅前窝fossa cranialis media 颅中窝fossa cranialis posterior 颅后窝fossa hypophysialis 垂体窝fossa infratemporalis 颞下窝mandibular 下颌骨maxillary 上颌骨os acetabuli 髋臼os acromiale 肩峰骨os arcus 椎弓os basilare 底骨(枕骨底部)os breve 短骨os calcis 跟骨os cervicales 颈椎os coccygis 尾骨os corpus 椎体os costale 肋骨os ethmoidale 筛骨os foramen inter 椎间孔os foramen 椎孔os frontale 额骨os hyoideum 舌骨os lumbales 腰椎os mastoideum 颞骨乳突部os nasale 鼻骨os occipitale 枕骨os palatinum 腭骨os parietale 顶骨os sacrum 骶骨os sphenoidale ala major 蝶骨大翼os sphenoidale ala minor 蝶骨小翼os sphenoidale 蝶骨os stapedium 镫骨os temporale pars petrosa 颞骨岩部os temporale pars squamosa 颞骨鳞部os temporale pars tympanica 颞骨鼓部os temporale 颞骨os thoracicae 胸椎os vertebrae 椎骨os zygomaticum 颧骨ossa carpi 腕骨ossa cranii 颅骨ossa faciei 面骨porus acusticus internus 内耳门processus articularis 关节突processus mastoideus 乳突processus pterygoideus 翼突processus spinosus 棘突processus styloideus 茎突processus transversus 横突protuberantia occipitalis externa 枕外隆凸 protuberantia occipitalis interna 枕内隆凸 pterion 翼点sinus ethmoidales 筛窦sinus frontalis 额窦sinus maxillaris 上颌窦sinus paranasales 鼻旁窦sinus sphnoidalis 蝶窦suprasellar 蝶鞍sutura coronalis 冠状缝sutura lambdoidea 人字缝sutura sagittalis 矢状缝神经病学词典附录112肖波、彭永编 1998年。
神经外科英语词汇
.神经外科英语词汇血管瘤Carotico-cavernous fistulaAngiomas 一头皮和颅骨损伤神经纤维瘤Scalp and skull injury 诊断名词Neurofibroma 髓母细胞瘤原发伤蛛网膜囊肿Medulloblastoma Primary lesionsArachnoid cyst 室管膜瘤蛛网膜下腔出血脊髓空洞Ependymoma Subarachnoid hemorrhageSyringomyelia 少枝胶质瘤颅内血肿髓内肿瘤Intracranial hematoma OligodendrogliomaIntramedullary tumour /clot 脑膜瘤颅内动脉瘤硬膜外血肿MeningiomaIntracranial aneurysm Epidural hematoma 颅咽管瘤梗阻性脑积水硬膜下血肿CraniopharyngiomaObstructive hydrocephalus 神经瘤Subdural heamtoma头痛Neuroma 弥漫性轴索损伤Headache diffuse axonal injury 听神经瘤视乳头水肿挫伤Acoustic NeuromaPapilloedema Contusion 血管母细胞瘤呕吐裂伤HemangioblastomaVomiting laceration 胶质瘤偏盲Glioma 继发伤Hemianopsia Secondary lesions 星形细胞瘤癫痫Astrocytoma 脑肿胀Epilepsy 胶母细胞瘤Brain swelling失语颅骨骨折Glioblastomaaphasia Skull fracture 畸胎瘤三叉神经痛脑脓肿TeratomaTrigeminal neuralgia Brain abscess 胆脂瘤胶样囊肿Cholesteatoma 脑膜炎Colloid Cyst 上皮样囊肿Meningitis垂体卒中Epidermoids cyst 脑脊液漏Pituitary apoplexy 脊索瘤CSF leak二Chordoma 鼻漏解剖名词Rhinorrhea 松果体瘤中枢神经系统耳漏Pineal tumourCentral nervous system 生殖细胞瘤Otorrhea矢状窦旁Germinoma 化脓性脑膜炎Parasagittal 骨瘤Pyogenic Meningitis凸面osteoma 耳源脓肿Convexity 先天性肿瘤Otogenic abscess溴沟无菌性脑膜炎Congenital tumourOlfactory groove 颈Aseptic meningitis脊髓-A 硬膜下积液Spinal cord海绵窦漏Subdural effusions..protuberance Vagus n. 颈段蝶骨Cervical segment 副神经Sphenoid bone Accessory n. 胸段蝶鞍Thoracic segment 舌下神经Sella turcica Hypoglossal n. 腰(骶)段鞍结节Lumbar segment 颈神经Tubercle of sellae Cervical n. 灰质蝶窦Gray matter 脊柱Sphenoidal sinus Vertebral column 白质颞骨White matter 颈椎Temporal bone 白质前连合Cervical vertebrae乳突Anterior white commissure 胸椎Mastoid process 锥体Thoracic vertebrae内耳门腰椎PyramidInternal acoustic port Lumbar vertebrae 锥体束顶骨骶椎Pyramidal tractParietal bone 脑室Sacral vertebrae 第4额骨Fourth ventricle 尾椎Frontal bone 脑桥Coccygeal vertebrae 额结节Pons 椎体Frontal tuber Vertebral body 小脑颅前窝椎管CerebellumAnterior cranial fossa 小脑回Vertebral canal颅中窝Cerebellar gyri 椎孔Middle cranial fossa 小脑半球Vertebral foramen颅后窝椎弓Cerebellar hemispherePosterior cranial fossa Vertebral arch Procedures斜坡鼻椎弓根Clivus Nose 棘突后交通动脉内听道Spinous processPosterior communicating Internal auditory Meatus 横突a. 寰椎Transverse process脉络膜前动脉Atlas 枢椎Anterior choroidal a. 寰枕的Axis大脑前动脉Atlanto-occipital 颅骨Anterior cerebral a. Skull 面神经前交通动脉Facial n. 枕骨Anterior communicating a. Occipital bone 位听神经大脑中动脉枕骨大孔Vestibulocochlear n.Middle cerebral a. 前庭神经Foramen magnum椎动脉枕鳞Vestibular portion小脑后下动脉Occipital squama 舌咽神经Posterior inferior 枕外隆突Glossopharyngeal n.cerebellar a.迷走神经External occipital..脱水Fourth ventricul 基底动脉Dehydration 三Basilar a.多尿症状体征名词小脑前下动脉Polyuria 低血压Anterior inferior耳鸣cerebellar a. HypotensionTinnitus 小脑上动脉高血压Hypertension 麻痹Superior cerebellar a.Paralysis 放疗大脑后动脉脑水肿Radiotherapy Posterior cerebral a.Brain edema 横窦并发症眩晕Complications Transverse sinusVertigo 发热乙状窦头晕Sigmoid sinus PyrexiaDizziness 感染枕窦晕厥infection Occipital sinusFainting 中枢性高热上矢状窦偏瘫Superior sagittal sinus Central hyperpyrexiaHemiplegia 下矢状窦伤口感染幕上Wound infection Inferior sagittal sinusSupratentorial 尿路感染直窦侧面的Urinary infection Straight sinus, 意识恶化海绵窦旁边的Deteriorating conscious Cavernous sinusLateral level 脑膜中动脉抽搐抗菌素Middle meningeal a.Convulsion Antibiotics 颅内压增高肢体Raised intracranial 肢端肥大Limbs pressure Acromegaly尿崩症颅腔眼睑肿胀Diabetes insipidus Cranial cavity Swelling of the eyelids肥胖预后脑脊液Obesity Cerebrospinal fluid Prognosis复视额枕,颞深昏迷,顶,DiplopiaFrontalDeeply coma parietal眼震神经胶质增生temporaloccipitalNystagmus Gliosis 幕下共济失调Infratentorial 退行发育ataxia , 侧面的脑疝间变LateralHerniation Anaplasia 桥脑小脑角去脑强直眼球突出Cerebello-pontine angleDecerebrate rigidity Proptosis 枕大孔颈强直斜视Foramen magnumStiff neckExternal Strabismus四室..dysdiadochokinesia(n microvascular 恶性的轮替功能障碍）Malignant decompressiondysmetria开颅术四（动幅障碍辨距不手术名词 Craniotomy良）肿瘤切除术活检amplitude(n BiopsyTumor resection广大广阔振幅）全麻 Ulcerationtitubation(n General anesthesia 皮瓣蹒跚）局麻Scalp flapataxia(n 骨瓣Local anesthesia共济失调） Bone flap 脑室体外引流stylopharyngeus(n external ventricul 探查茎突咽肌） drainage Explorationoverlap(vt 颅骨修补重建术额部入路部分重叠 Forntal approach Cranioplastyn经蝶手术 shrug(vt重叠部分）耸肩） Trans-sphenoidalhoarseness(n intermittent(adj operation嘶哑刺耳）间歇的断断续续的）全切accessory(n Total removal sternocleidomastoid(附件分流n配件）胸锁乳突肌）Short-Circuitinginnervate(vtdeviate(vt 血栓受神经支配促使活动） Thrombosis 偏离越轨）sternocleidomastoid(囊状 genioglossus(nnA 颏舌肌）胸锁乳突肌）amyotrophic(adj 瘤intermit(v Saccular aneurysm 营养的中三叉有关营养的）断）myasthenia (n Trifurcationprotrusion(n 肌无力）分叉伸出突出）Bifureation latter(adjdeviate(vt 保守治疗后半的接近终老的）偏离Conservative fasciculation(n越轨） treatment 簇生束状自发性收缩genioglossus(n 清血肿肌震束颤）颏舌肌）of Evacuation volitional(adjamyotrophic(adj Haematoma 意志的）肌萎缩的）经鼻蝶入路 agonist(n myasthenia(n 收缩筋） Trans-nasal肌无力）antagonist(nsphenoidallatter(adjapproach对立者对手敌手）后半的接近终了的后者三叉神经微血管减压术synergy(n的）Trigeminal协同配合）..过早的hyperreflexia(n fasciculation(n提前的反射亢进）束未到期的hypotonia(n 状早产的）张力减退）簇生自发性收缩suture(n 肌震束颤 diminish(vt缝合肌束抽搐）减小缩小）缝伤口 volitional(adj myelopathy(n缝线脊髓病意志的）vtagonist(n 骨髓病）缝合伤口）spontaneous(adj收缩筋）自发的无意识的天真的antagonist(n fusion(n熔合帅直的）对立对手敌手）联和合并） inspect(vt synergy(n symptomatic(adj 检查协同配合）症候的检验dysdiadochokinesis(症兆的 n视察）有症状的根据症状的） presence(n 轮替运动障碍）prominence(n 出席到场dysmetria(n声望仪表仪态）辨距不良，动幅障碍）杰出 amplitude(n imply(vt突出广大暗示暗指）重广阔振幅） denervate(v要切除神经） tremor(n要事）震颤spinothalamic lateralfontanelle(n 发抖）trace(n囟门）脊髓丘脑侧束） titubation(nconcave(adj 蹒跚） column(n凹的）tandem(n 圆柱sunken(adj 柱）串联）沉没的clonus(n somatotopical(adj沉入水底的）挛阵凹陷的）random(adj ）任意的躯体定位区的）millimeter(n 无计划的lamination(n 毫米）随机的）叠片结构）palpate(vt circuit(ndermal(adj触诊）电路线路环行环行道）皮肤的真皮的）bulge(n discriminate(vt auscutation(n 膨胀分别区别区分听诊）肿起 viasymmetry(n Vt歧视）不对称）膨胀突出鼓起）spasticity(n microcephaly(n erect(adj 痉挛头小畸）形状态强直状态）竖premature(adj..arachnoid 立的消失granulations 浪费）直立的辅助检查挺立的velum(nassistant膜） vtinvestigation deviate使直立使竖起）星形胶质细胞瘤偏离越轨） denote(vt （vtastrocytoma hypertonia(n 指示指出）共济失调 transillumination(n 张力亢进）ataxia 透视法） flexor(n耳颞神经屈肌） effusion(nauriculotemporal n. 流出物渗出泻出） pincer(n自主神经系统 percussion(n 钳子）autonomic 打击乐器组） grip(n nervous system 紧 reliable(adj轴突握抓牢控制掌握可靠的axon 可信赖的）vt紧握抓紧）gestation(nasymmetry(n 怀孕不对称）怀孕期孕育）choreiform(n pupillary(adj瞳孔的）舞蹈病的）modulate(vt blink(n调整调节缓和）眨眼flexion(n一瞬间闪亮闪烁弯曲弯曲状态）nociceptive(adj vt眨疼痛的眼睛）有疼痛反应的）noxious(adj anisocoria(n瞳孔不等）有害的有毒的）plantar(adj obliteration(n涂去脚底的）删除）副神经accessory n. pulsation(n传入神经元跳动afferent(sensory) 有节奏的跳动neuron 震动）血管瘤aneurysm expansile(adj前角可扩张的anterior horn 扩大的孔膨胀性的）aperture dissipate(vt 驱散蛛网膜颗粒.。
神经科学专业英语词汇
神经科学专业英语词汇摘要：神经科学是一门研究神经系统的结构、功能、发育、遗传、生化、生理、药理和病理的学科，涉及多个学科领域，如生物学、心理学、计算机科学、医学等。
本文列举了神经科学专业课所涉及的专业英语词汇，以供有兴趣的读者参考。
1. 神经科学导论中文英文神经科学neuroscience神经系统nervous system神经元neuron神经胶质细胞glial cell突触synapse神经递质neurotransmitter膜电位membrane potential动作电位action potential离子通道ion channel神经回路neural circuit神经网络neural network神经可塑性neural plasticity神经发育neural development神经退行性疾病neurodegenerative disease认知神经科学cognitive neuroscience行为神经科学behavioral neuroscience计算神经科学computational neuroscience分子神经科学molecular neuroscience细胞神经科学cellular neuroscience发育神经科学developmental neuroscience系统神经科学systems neuroscience感觉神经科学sensory neuroscience运动神经科学motor neuroscience情感神经科学affective neuroscience社会神经科学social neuroscience临床神经科学clinical neuroscience神经解剖学neuroanatomy神经生理学neurophysiology神经化学neurochemistry神经药理学neuropharmacology神经内分泌学neuroendocrinology神经免疫学neuroimmunology神经遗传学neurogenetics2. 神经元和神经胶质细胞中文英文多极神经元multipolar neuron双极神经元bipolar neuron单极神经元（假单极）unipolar neuron (pseudounipolar)轴突（轴索）axon (axis)轴突起始段axon hillock轴突终末axon terminal轴突分支axon collateral轴突鞘axon sheath髓鞘myelin sheath髓鞘间隙（诺氏结）node of Ranvier神经节ganglion神经纤维束nerve fiber神经nerve神经元突起neurite树突dendrite树突棘dendritic spine神经元体（细胞体）soma (cell body)细胞核nucleus细胞质cytoplasm细胞膜cell membrane核糖体ribosome内质网endoplasmic reticulum高尔基体Golgi apparatus线粒体mitochondrion微管microtubule微丝microfilament神经丝（神经原纤维）neurofilament (neurofibril)肌动蛋白actin微管相关蛋白（MAP）microtubule-associated protein (MAP)泰瑞酶（tau蛋白）tau protein (tau)神经纤维缠结（神经原纤维缠结）neurofibrillary tangle (neurofibril tangle)胶质细胞前体（祖细胞）glial progenitor (precursor) cell星形胶质细胞astrocyte沟通型星形胶质细胞protoplasmic astrocyte纤维型星形胶质细胞fibrous astrocyte水肿型星形胶质细胞reactive astrocyte胶质瘢痕glial scar脉络丛上皮细胞choroid plexus epithelial cell中文英文血脑屏障blood-brain barrier胶质限制膜glia limitans脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid微胶质细胞microglia髓鞘形成胶质细胞myelinating glial cell中枢髓鞘形成细胞（少突胶质细胞）central myelinating cell (oligodendrocyte)周围髓鞘形成细胞（雪旺氏细胞）peripheral myelinating cell (Schwann cell)雷迪克氏细胞（卫星细胞）satellite cell (enteric glial cell)神经干细胞neural stem cell神经前体细胞（祖细胞）neural progenitor (precursor) cell神经分化neural differentiation神经迁移neural migration3. 突触和神经递质中文英文突触synapse突触前膜presynaptic membrane突触后膜postsynaptic membrane突触间隙synaptic cleft突触小泡synaptic vesicle突触囊泡synaptic vesicle突触囊泡融合synaptic vesicle fusion突触囊泡回收synaptic vesicle recycling突触囊泡转运synaptic vesicle transport突触囊泡动力学synaptic vesicle dynamics突触递质释放synaptic transmitter release突触递质回收synaptic transmitter uptake突触递质降解synaptic transmitter degradation突触递质受体synaptic transmitter receptor突触递质效应synaptic transmitter effect神经递质neurotransmitter经典神经递质classical neurotransmitter非经典神经递质non-classical neurotransmitter小分子神经递质small molecule neurotransmitter大分子神经递质（神经肽）large molecule neurotransmitter (neuropeptide)乙酰胆碱（ACh）acetylcholine (ACh)乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）acetylcholinesterase (AChE)乙酰胆碱受体（AChR）acetylcholine receptor (AChR)胆碱能神经元（ACh神经元）cholinergic neuron (ACh neuron)胆碱能受体cholinergic receptor离子型胆碱能受体（nAChR）ionotropic cholinergic receptor (nAChR)代谢型胆碱能受体（mAChR）metabotropic cholinergic receptor (mAChR)神经肌肉接头neuromuscular junction副交感神经系统parasympathetic nervous system交感神经系统sympathetic nervous system胆碱能神经递质系统cholinergic neurotransmitter system多巴胺（DA）dopamine (DA)多巴胺合成酶（TH）dopamine synthase (TH)多巴胺转运蛋白（DAT）dopamine transporter (DAT)多巴胺受体（DR）dopamine receptor (DR)多巴胺能神经元（DA神经元）dopaminergic neuron (DA neuron)多巴胺能神经递质系统dopaminergic neurotransmitter system基底神经节basal ganglia黑质substantia nigra纹状体striatum前额叶皮层prefrontal cortex奖赏系统reward system去甲肾上腺素（NE）norepinephrine (NE)去甲肾上腺素合成酶（DBH）norepinephrine synthase (DBH)去甲肾上腺素转运蛋白（NET）norepinephrine transporter (NET)去甲肾上腺素受体（AR）adrenergic receptor (AR)去甲肾上腺素能神经元（NE神经元）noradrenergic neuron (NE neuron)去甲肾上腺素能神经递质系统noradrenergic neurotransmitter system蓝斑locus coeruleus脑干brainstem脑血管cerebral blood vessel应激反应stress response血清素（5-HT）serotonin (5-HT)血清素合成酶（TPH）serotonin synthase (TPH)血清素转运蛋白（SERT）serotonin transporter (SERT)血清素受体（5-HTR）serotonin receptor (5-HTR)血清素能神经元（5-HT神经元）serotonergic neuron (5-HT neuron)血清素能神经递质系统serotonergic neurotransmitter system神经管raphe nuclei杏仁核amygdala海马hippocampus松果体pineal gland节律调节circadian rhythm regulation情绪调节emotional regulation记忆形成memory formation抑郁症depression谷氨酸（Glu）glutamate (Glu)谷氨酸合成酶（GAD）glutamate synthase (GAD)谷氨酸转运蛋白（GLT）glutamate transporter (GLT)谷氨酸受体（GluR）glutamate receptor (GluR)谷氨酸能神经元（Glu神经元）glutamatergic neuron (Glu neuron)谷氨酸能神经递质系统glutamatergic neurotransmitter system离子型谷氨酸受体（iGluR）ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR)代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluR）metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) NMDA受体NMDA receptorAMPA受体AMPA receptorKA受体KA receptor长时程增强（LTP）long-term potentiation (LTP)长时程抑制（LTD）long-term depression (LTD)神经元突触可塑性synaptic plasticity学习和记忆learning and memory兴奋性毒性（凋亡）excitotoxicity (apoptosis)脑缺血cerebral ischemia脑损伤brain injury神经退行性疾病neurodegenerative diseaseγ-氨基丁酸（GABA）gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)GABA合成酶（GAD）GABA synthase (GAD)GABA转运蛋白（GAT）GABA transporter (GAT)GABA受体（GABAR）GABA receptor (GABAR)GABA能神经元（GABA神经元）GABAergic neuron (GABA neuron)GABA能神经递质系统GABAergic neurotransmitter system离子型GABA受体（GABAA和GABAC）ionotropic GABA receptor (GABAA and GABAC)代谢型GABA受体（GABAB）metabotropic GABA receptor (GABAB)抑制性突触传递inhibitory synaptic transmission抑制性突触后电位（IPSP）inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)突触抑制synaptic inhibition神经元抑制neuronal inhibition脑内抑制平衡inhibitory balance in the brain神经元兴奋性调节neuronal excitability regulation神经元同步化neuronal synchronization神经振荡neural oscillation4. 神经元膜电位和动作电位中文英文神经元膜电位neuronal membrane potential静息膜电位resting membrane potential膜阻抗membrane impedance膜电容membrane capacitance膜电阻membrane resistance膜导电membrane conductance电流current电压voltage电阻resistance导电conductance电路circuit欧姆定律Ohm's law电池battery电源power source电位差potential difference电容capacitance电荷charge电场electric field离子ion阳离子cation阴离子anion离子浓度ion concentration离子梯度ion gradient离子平衡ion equilibrium离子通道ion channel通透性permeability选择性selectivity电化学梯度electrochemical gradient动力学平衡dynamic equilibrium考克斯-福斯特方程（Nernst方程）Nernst equation (Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation)霍奇金-赫胥黎方程（GHK方程）Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation (GHK equation)电流-电压关系current-voltage relationship伊凡诺夫-马克斯韦尔方程（IV方程）I-V equation (Ivanov-Maxwell equation)离子通道类型ion channel type电压门控离子通道voltage-gated ion channel配体门控离子通道ligand-gated ion channel机械门控离子通道mechanosensitive ion channel热门控离子通道thermosensitive ion channel光门控离子通道light-gated ion channel离子通道结构ion channel structure离子通道亚基ion channel subunit离子通道孔域ion channel pore domain离子通道电压传感器ion channel voltage sensor离子通道配体结合位点ion channel ligand binding site离子通道状态ion channel state开放状态open state关闭状态closed state不应期refractory period激活activation失活inactivation钠离子通道sodium ion channel钾离子通道potassium ion channel钙离子通道calcium ion channel氯离子通道chloride ion channel动作电位action potential动作电位阈值action potential threshold动作电位上升相action potential rising phase动作电位峰值action potential peak动作电位下降相action potential falling phase动作电位超极化相（余极化相）action potential hyperpolarization phase (afterhyperpolarization phase)动作电位传播action potential propagation电缆理论cable theory电缆方程cable equation空间常数space constant时间常数time constant电流源current source电流汇current sink电流注入current injection电流刺激current stimulation电极electrode钳制技术clamp technique电压钳制voltage clamp电流钳制current clamp轴突初始段axon initial segment节间区internode region髓鞘myelin髓鞘形成myelination髓鞘退化demyelination髓鞘病变myelinopathy多发性硬化症（MS）multiple sclerosis (MS)传导速度conduction velocity盐跃式传导saltatory conduction节段性传导segmental conduction节段性抑制segmental inhibition节段性增强segmental facilitation节段性可塑性segmental plasticity5. 神经元突触传递和突触可塑性中文英文突触传递synaptic transmission突触前神经元presynaptic neuron突触后神经元postsynaptic neuron突触前释放presynaptic release突触后反应postsynaptic response突触后电位（PSP）postsynaptic potential (PSP)兴奋性突触后电位（EPSP）excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)抑制性突触后电位（IPSP）inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)突触整合synaptic integration空间整合spatial summation时间整合temporal summation神经元输出neuronal output神经元输入-输出函数neuronal input-output function神经元输入阻抗neuronal input impedance神经元输出阻抗neuronal output impedance突触可塑性synaptic plasticity突触强度synaptic strength突触增强synaptic potentiation突触抑制synaptic depression短时程可塑性short-term plasticity长时程可塑性long-term plasticity短时程突触增强（STP）short-term potentiation (STP)短时程突触抑制（STD）short-term depression (STD)长时程突触增强（LTP）long-term potentiation (LTP)长时程突触抑制（LTD）long-term depression (LTD)突触前可塑性presynaptic plasticity突触后可塑性postsynaptic plasticityHebb学习规则Hebbian learning rule反Hebb学习规则anti-Hebbian learning rule突触修剪synaptic pruning6. 神经元网络和神经编码神经元网络neuronal network神经元群neuronal population神经元集合neuronal ensemble神经元回路neuronal circuit神经元模块neuronal module神经元连接neuronal connection突触连接synaptic connection电隙连接（电耦合）gap junction (electrical coupling)化学突触（化学耦合）chemical synapse (chemical coupling)突触权重synaptic weight突触矩阵synaptic matrix连接拓扑connection topology连接图connectivity graph连接概率connection probability连接密度connection density神经元活动neuronal activity神经元放电neuronal firing神经元放电频率neuronal firing rate神经元放电模式neuronal firing pattern神经元放电相位neuronal firing phase神经元放电序列neuronal firing sequence神经元放电同步neuronal firing synchronization神经元放电相关性neuronal firing correlation神经元放电耦合neuronal firing coupling神经元放电编码neuronal firing coding神经编码neural coding速率编码rate coding时序编码temporal coding相位编码phase coding空间编码spatial coding模式编码pattern coding群体编码population coding稀疏编码sparse coding分布式编码distributed coding局部化编码localized coding神经解码neural decoding逆向重建inverse reconstruction信息论information theory信息量information content信息熵information entropy互信息mutual information信噪比signal-to-noise ratio噪声抑制noise suppression信号增强signal enhancement信号处理signal processing7. 神经元网络模型和神经元网络仿真中文英文神经元网络模型neuronal network model神经元模型neuron model突触模型synapse model电路模型circuit model网络拓扑模型network topology model网络动力学模型network dynamics model网络功能模型network function model生物实际性（生物合理性）biological realism (biological plausibility)计算效率computational efficiency数学分析mathematical analysis数值仿真numerical simulation仿真软件simulation software仿真平台simulation platform仿真语言simulation language仿真脚本simulation script神经元网络仿真neuronal network simulation仿真结果simulation result仿真分析simulation analysis仿真验证simulation validation仿真优化simulation optimization仿真可视化simulation visualization仿真数据simulation data仿真参数simulation parameter仿真变量simulation variable仿真常量simulation constant仿真函数simulation function仿真对象simulation object仿真事件simulation eventHodgkin-Huxley模型（HH模型）Hodgkin-Huxley model (HH model) FitzHugh-Nagumo模型（FHN模型）FitzHugh-Nagumo model (FHN model)莱克-范德波尔模型（LIF模型）Leaky integrate-and-fire model (LIF model)伊兹克维奇模型（Izhikevich模型）Izhikevich model (Izhikevich model)中文英文NEURON软件NEURON software GENESIS软件GENESIS software NEST软件NEST software Brian软件Brian software PyNN软件PyNN software NEURON语言NEURON language HOC语言HOC language Python语言Python language MATLAB语言MATLAB language C语言 C languageC++语言C++ language Java语言Java languageR语言R language。
神经外科医生英语词典
神经外科医生英语词典神经外科医生的英语词典神经外科医生是一类熟练掌握英语的医生，他们可以为患者提供专业的医疗服务，其中包括诊断、治疗和护理等。
为了更好地完成他们的工作，他们需要了解一些英语词汇，以便能够有效地与患者沟通，以提供最佳的医疗服务。
一、医学专业术语1、Neurosurgery：神经外科，是指外科治疗脑、脊髓和周围神经系统的科学。
2、Craniotomy：颅骨切开术，是一种手术，用于治疗头部伤害，或检查大脑和脑膜，以及治疗脑疾病。
3、Cerebral palsy：脑性麻痹，是一种慢性运动障碍，可能是由于母亲在怀孕期间患有疾病或受到伤害而引起的。
4、Infectious diseases：传染病，是一种由细菌、病毒或真菌等传染因素引起的疾病。
5、Vascular surgery：血管外科，是用于治疗血管疾病的一种手术。
6、Neurology：神经病学，是研究脑、脊髓和神经系统的科学。
7、Brain tumor：脑肿瘤，是指大脑内部发生的增生性细胞增生。
8、Neuropathy：神经病，是指神经系统疾病，可能由于传染病、糖尿病、营养不良等原因引起。
9、Traumatic brain injury：外伤性脑损伤，是指由于外部冲击或落下造成的头部伤害，可能导致神经功能受损。
10、Spinal cord injury：脊髓损伤，是指脊髓受到突发性伤害，症状可能包括感觉损失、瘫痪和肌肉活动障碍等。
二、诊断技术1、MRI：核磁共振成像，是一种无创性检查，可以对患者的脑部和脊髓结构进行检查。
2、CT scan：CT扫描，是一种常规检查，可以检测脑部和脊髓的结构及功能。
3、Ultrasound：超声波，是一种无创性检查，用于检查患者的脑部和脊髓结构，以及脊髓血流情况。
4、EEG：脑电图，是一种检测脑电活动的技术，可以用于诊断神经系统疾病。
5、EMG：肌电图，是一种检测脊髓、肌肉和神经系统功能的技术，可以用于诊断神经系统疾病。
神经科学中英文专业词汇对照
中英文专业对照表acetylcholinesterase， AChE 乙酰胆碱酯酶α--amino-3-hydroxy- 5methyl- 4-isoxa -zoleppropionate，AMPA α-氨基-羟基-5-甲基-4-异噁唑-丙酸accessory 附属细胞acetyl coenzyme A，乙酰CoA 乙酰辅酶AAcetylcholine，ACh 乙酰胆碱acid-sensing ionic channel，ASIC 酸敏感离子通道acquisition 获得action potential,AP 动作电位Acute autonomic paralysis,Acute dysautonomia 急性自主神经功能不全adapter protein 衔接子蛋白adeno-associated virus (AAV) 腺病毒相关病毒载体adenosindeaminase (ADA) 腺苷脱苷酶adenosine triphosphate,α、β、γATP 三磷酸腺adenovirus vector (AdV) 腺病毒载体adenylyl cyclase, AC 腺苷酸环化酶ADP-ribosylation ADP核酶化adrenal medulla chromaffin cell 肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞adrenocorticotropic hormone releasing hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺激素释放激素advanced glycation end products，AGEs 晚期糖化终产物Agenesis of corpus callosum 胼胝体不发育agrin 聚集蛋白airway hyperresponsiveness,AH 气道高反应性A-kinase-anchoring-protein,AKAP 锚定蛋白alar plate 翼板allodynia 触诱发痛alpha – gamma coactivation α-γ共同激活Alzheimer disease, AD 阿尔茨海默病aminoguanidine， AG 氨基胍aminoxyacetic acid， AOAA 氨氧乙酸Ammon 海马amnesiac 没记性amphetamine 苯丙胺β- amyloid deposition Aβ沉积β- amyloid pre-protein, β-APP β-淀粉样前体蛋白β-amyloid protein,β-AP β-淀粉样蛋白Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症anatomically addressedsynapse 解剖定向突触Anencephaly 无脑畸形angiotensinogen, AGT 血管紧张素原angiotensin或angiotonin，Ang 血管紧张素anisotropi 弥散的各向异性anterior column (horn) 前柱（角）antidiuretic hormone, ADH 抗利尿激素antigen-presenting cells，APC 抗原提呈细胞anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide 反义寡脱氧核苷酸anti-sense techniques 反义技术apoptosis body 凋亡小体apoptosis inducing factor, AIF 细胞凋亡诱导因子apparent diffusion coefficient，ADC 表观弥散系数arginine-vasopressin, AVP 精氨酸升压素arm projection neurons 臂投射神经元aromatic alkylamine N-methyl transferase，AANMT 芳香烃胺氮位甲基移位酶aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase， AADC 芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶Arrhythmicity 无节律artery spin labeling, ASL 动脉质子自旋标记法association region 联合区associative learning 联合性学习astrocyte 星形胶质细胞Atrial natriuretic factor，ANF 心钠素atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 心房钠尿肽attention deficit hyperactive disorder, ADHD注意力障碍多动症autocoids 局部激素或自身活性物质autogenetic inhibition 自生性抑制automatic pathway 自动加工通路Autonomic Nervous System 自主神经系统autoreceptor 自身受体axon 轴突baclofen 氯苯氨基丁酸ball and chain model 球与链模型band pass filter 带通滤波器barrel field 桶区basal plate 基板Bedding 笼底铺垫物benzodiazepine， BZ 安定bicuculline 荷包牡丹碱Biological clock 生物钟biotin-avidin system 生物素-亲合素系统black widow spider venom 黑寡妇蜘蛛毒blood brain barrier，BBB 血-脑屏障Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent, BOLD 血氧水平依赖blood perfusion imaging 血流灌注显像bolus injection 团注bone marrow stem cells 骨髓干细胞bradykinesia 运动徐缓bradykinin, BK 缓激肽brain ischemia 脑缺血brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,BDNF 脑源性神经营养因子α-bungarotoxin，α-BGT α-银环蛇毒Bursts of openings 爆发型开放buspirone 丁螺环酮Ca2+ -overload Ca2+ 超载cadherin,CAD 钙粘着蛋白Calcineurin 钙调蛋白calcitonin gene-related peptide, CGRP 降钙素基因相关肽calcitonin, CT 降钙素calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II，CaM KII 钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶II Calpain 钙离子依赖性中性蛋白水解酶Calyculin A，CA 花萼海绵诱癌素cAMP response element binding protein ，CREB-1 cAMP反应元件结合蛋白-1β-carboline β-咔啉类化合物casein kinase-1，CK-1 酪蛋白激酶-1caspase 半胱氨酸/天冬氨酰蛋白酶Catalytic subunit 催化亚单位catecholamine， CA 儿茶酚胺catechol-o-methyl transferase，COMT 儿茶酚胺-氧位-甲基转移酶Caudal subnuclei 尾侧亚核caudate nucleus 尾核celiac plexus 腹腔神经丛cell apoptosis 细胞凋亡cell death gene (ced) 细胞死亡基因cell division cycle，cdc 细胞分裂周期cell engineering antibody techniques 细胞工程抗体技术cell line 细胞系cell lineage 细胞谱系cell therapy 细胞治疗cells adhesion molecules (CAMs) 细胞粘着分子central benzuzepine receptor 中枢性BZ受体central nervous system (CNS) 中枢神经系统central pattern generator,CPG 中枢构型发生器ceramide 神经酰胺cerebellar plate 小脑板cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral vasospasm，CVS 脑血管痉挛cervical flexure 颈曲cGMP-dependent protein kinase， CG-PK或PKG cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶chemical shift imaging CSI 化学位移成像chemically addressed synapse 化学定向突触chemoattraction 化学吸引chemokine 趋化因子chemorepulsion 化学排斥chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪cholecystokinin, CCK 缩胆囊素choline acetyltransferase， ChAT 胆碱乙酰基转位酶Choline, Cho 胆碱Cholineacetylase， ChAC 胆碱乙酰化酶cholinergic differentiation factor/leukemia inhibitory factor 胆碱分化因子/白血病细胞抑制因子chorda mesoderm 脊索中胚层ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor α,CNTFRα睫状神经营养因子受体αciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF 睫状神经营养因子cingulate motor cortex 扣带运动区Circadian osci11ator 日节律Circadian pacemaker 日起律器Circadian time，CT 日时Circadian timing system 日节律定时系统clasp-knife reflex 折刀反射classical conditioning reflex 经典条件反射clonidine 氯压定clozapine 氯氮平co-agonist 辅助激动剂cocaine 可卡因cochlear Potential 耳蜗电位cognitive stimulation imaging 认知激活显像collapsin 萎陷蛋白colliculur plate 丘板conditioned response 条件反应conditioned stimulus，CS 条件刺激conjugate eye movement 联合眼运动connexon 连接蛋白Constant darkness∶DD 无光照的恒暗constitutive secretory 非Aβ源性途径或构成型分泌constitutive NOS， cNOS 结构型或原生型NOScontext -dependent 前后关系相依赖的convergence 会聚convergence-facilitation theory 会聚-易化学说convergence-projection theory 会聚-投射学说coordination bonds 配位键cortical atrophy 大脑皮质萎缩cortical plate 皮质板corticormotoneuronalcell，CM细胞皮质运动神经元corticostriatal loops 皮层-纹状体攀corticotropin releasing factor， CRF 促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH 促皮质激素释放激素counter-response 对抗反应Creatine/Phosphocreatine, Cr/PCr 肌酸/磷酸肌酸creep 蠕变Creulzfeldt-Jakob disease,CJD 海绵状脑病cross cerebellar dysconnection，CCD 交叉性小脑联系不能crossed extension reflex 交叉伸反射或对侧伸肌反射cross-linking 广泛交联cross-talk 对话cyclic ADP-ribdse， cADPR 环ADP-核糖cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase， PKA 环磷酸腺苷依赖性蛋白激酶cyclin-dependent kinase，cdk 周期蛋白依赖性激酶Cycloheximide 环己亚胺，一种蛋白合成抑制剂cycloleucine 环亮氨酸Cyclosporin A ,CSA 环胞菌素Acytokine 细胞因子DAT , dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Deactivation 去活化decerebrate rigidity 去大脑僵直declarative memory or explicit memory 陈述记忆degranulation 脱粒delayed neuronal death，DND 迟发性神经元坏死delayed neuronal degeneration，DND 延迟性神经细胞退化delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) 迟发性CVSdendrite 树突dendritic cells 树状突细胞Deoxy-hemoglobin, Deoxy-Hb 脱氧血红蛋白Derepression 去抑制diacylglycerol，DAG 二酰基甘油diaschisis，DC 远隔离机能障碍diazepam binding inhibitor， DBI 致焦虑肽diencephalon vesicle 间脑泡diffuce noxious inhibitory controls, DNIC 广泛伤害抑制diffusible inducing factor 可扩散诱导因子diffusion weighted imaging, DWI 弥散加权成像diffusion-sensitizing gradient pulses，DSGP 弥散敏感梯度脉冲18F-DOPA 18氟-多巴directed synapse 定向突触dishabituation 去习惯化disinhibition 去抑制divergence 分散DNA fragmentation factor, DFF DNA断裂因子docking 搭靠docking 锚靠doctrine of specific nerve energies 特殊神经能量定律dopa-decarboxylase，DDC 多巴脱羧酶dopamine β–hydroxylase， DβH 多巴胺-β-羟化酶Dopamine ,DA 多巴胺Dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein, DARPP32 多巴胺和cAMP调节的32kDa磷蛋白dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Dopa-responsive dystonia 多巴反应性肌张力障碍droperidol 氟哌啶Drosophira；Fruit- fly 果蝇dual nerve supply 双重神经支配Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD 假肥大型肌营养不良症dunce 笨蛋dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic response 动态反应dynamic stretch reflex 动态牵张反射dynorphin，Dyn 强啡肽dystroglycan 肌营养不良蛋白多糖dystrophin 肌营养不良素early gene 早期基因early LTP 早期LTPecho planar imaging, EPI 回波平面成像Ectoderm 外胚层ectomeninx 外脑（脊）膜effector cells 效应细胞elaborate semantic retrival 精细复述提取elctrogenic potassium pump 生电性钾泵electrochemical potential,μ电化学电位electrotonic synapse 电紧张突触encapsulated cells 包囊细胞endocochlear potenyial,EP 耳蜗内电位endogenous opioid peptides 内源性阿片样肽endomeninx 内脑膜endorphlins 内啡肽类endothelial NOS， eNOS 内皮NOSendothelin, ET 内皮素endothelium Ec 微血管内皮细胞endothelium-derived relaxing factor，EDRF 内皮细胞源性血管舒张因子ENK , enkephalin 脑啡肽enterochromaffin cell 嗜铬细胞Entrainment 协同性epidermal grouth factor,EGF 表皮生长因子epilepsy 癫痫epinephrine或adrenaline， E或AD 肾上腺素episodic memory 事件记忆Erythromalalgia 红斑性肢痛症event related potential, ERP事件相关电位ex vivo 离体转移法excitatory amino acid ，EAA 兴奋氨基酸excitatory postsynaptic current,EPSC 兴奋性突触后电流excitatory postsynaptic potential,EPSP 兴奋性突触后电位exocytosis 胞吐exteroceptor 外感受器extinction 消退extracellular signal related protein kinase，ERKs 细胞外信号相关的蛋白激酶facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, FSHD 面肩肱型肌营养不良症fast transmission 快速突触传递18F-2-F-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 18F-FDG 18氟-2-氟代-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖feedforward inhibition 前馈抑制fibroblast growt factor,FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子final pathway 最后通路Firing rate 放电频率fixating system 眼固定系统flexion reflex afferents,FRAs 屈肌反射传入纤维flexor reflex 屈肌反射floor plate 底板6-fluotryptophan 6-氟色氨酸fluoxetine 氟西汀forebrain or prosencephalon vesicle 前脑泡Forkhead 叉头蛋白，一种诱导凋亡的转录因子Forskolin，FK 富司克林520free choline 游离胆碱Free induction decay FID 自由感应衰减Freerunning 自律Frequency coding 频率编码functional magnetic resonance imaging， fMRI 功能性核磁共振显像functional MRI, fMRI 脑功能磁共振成像fusion 融合GABA -氨基丁酸Gadolinium,Gd 钆galanin, Gal 甘丙肽gap junction 缝隙连接gating currents 门控电流GDNF, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor 胶质源性神经营养因子gene augmentation 基因增强gene constraint 基因抑制gene correction 基因修正gene engineering antibody techniques 基因工程抗体技术gene inactivation 基因失活gene replacement 基因置换gene therapy 基因治疗gene transfer techniques 基因转染技术general somatic afferent 一般躯体传入核团general somatic efferent 一般躯体传出核团general viseral efferent 一般内脏传出核团generator potential 发生器电位genetically engineered cells 遗传工程细胞或遗传修饰细胞Genicu1ohypotha1amic tract,GHT 膝丘束glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF 胶质细胞源性神营养因子globus pallidus 苍白球Glutamate/Glutamine, Glu /Gln, 总称Glx 谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺glutamic acid decarboxylase，GAD 谷氨酸脱羧酶glutathione S-trasferase，GSTM1 谷胱甘肽硫基转移酶glycation 异常糖化Glycerophosphocholine 甘油磷酸胆碱130kDa glycoprotein gp130glycoprotein 糖蛋白glycosylation 糖基化glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage,GPI 糖基磷脂酰肌醇键goaldirected 目标指向gonadotropin releasing hormone, GnRH 促性腺激素释放激素Gr kinase 大鼠小脑源性钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶gradient echo 梯度回波graphesthesia 书写觉growth cone 生长锥growth hormone releasing hormone, GRH 生长激素释放激素growth hormone, GH 生长激素GSH , glutathione 谷胱甘肽guanine nucleoside regulatory proteins 鸟核苷酸调节蛋白，G调节蛋白，简称G蛋白Guillain-Barre syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征habituation 习惯化Half-Center model 半中枢模式haloperidol 氟哌啶醇hand manipulation neurons 手操作神经元hand-eye coordination neurons 手-眼协调神经元hematopoietic cytokines 成血细胞因子heme 血红素hemeostasis 自稳调节hemicholinum-3，HC-3 密胆碱-3herpes simples virus (HSV) 单纯疱疹病毒载体heteroceptors 异源受体heterodimer 异质二聚体high molecular weight-MAP，HMW-MAP 微管相关蛋白hindbrain or rhombencephalon vesicle 后(菱)脑泡hippocampus 海马hirudin 水蛭素histamine 组胺homobox genes (Hox) 同源盒基因homogeneity 同源性homophilic 同种亲和homoreceptor 同源受体homovanillic acid， HVA 高香草酸hormone 激素human sodium/iodine transporter, h Na/Itransporter 人钠/碘同向转运体Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病hydrazinopropionic acid 肼基丙酸6-hydroxydopa 6-羟多巴hydroxyindole-o-methyl transferase，HIOMT 羟基吲哚氧位甲基移位酶5-hydroxyindole acetic acid， 5-HIAA 5-羟吲哚乙酸3，4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid， DOPAC 3，4-双羟苯乙酸5-hydroxytryptamine transporter, 5-HTT5-羟色胺转运体5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase， 5-HTPDC 5-羟色氨酸脱羧酶hyperalgesia 痛觉过敏hypercolum 超柱hyperkinesia 运动过度hyperkplexia 惊厥病hypokinesia 运动减少Hypophysiotrophic area,HTA 下丘脑促垂体区idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压imaging agent 显像剂imaging fusion techniques, image registration techniques 图像融合技术imaging techniques 显像技术immediate early genes ，IGEs 即刻早期基因immortalized cell 永生细胞immunnoisolated cell therapy 免疫隔离细胞疗法Immunologically privileged organ 与免疫系统作用“隔绝”的“特赦”器官immunoreactivity 免疫反应性123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodo-amphetamine, 123I-IMP 123碘-IMPimplicit memory 内隐记忆imprinting 铭记in vivo 活体直接转移法inactivation 失活inclusion 包涵体inducible NOS，iNOS 诱生型NOSinhibin 抑制素inhibitor-1 抑制物-1inhibitory amino acid， IAA 抑制性氨基酸inhibitory autoreceptor 抑制性自身受体inhibitory postsynaptic current,IPSC 抑制性突触后电流inhibitory postsynaptic potential,IPSP 抑制性突触后电位initial segment,IS 轴突始段inorganicphosphate,Pi 无机磷Inositol, Ino 肌醇inositol-1，4，5-triphosphate，IP3三磷酸肌醇Input pathway 传入通路insulin-like growth factor,IGF 胰岛素样生长因子integrin 整合素Intergeniculate1eaflet，IGL 外侧膝状体膝间小叶interleukin,IL 白细胞介素intermediate zone (IZ) or mantle zone (MZ) 中间层或套层intermesenteric plexus 肠系膜间神经丛interneuronal communication 神经元通讯interneurons 中间神经元interoceptor 内感受器intersegmental reflex 节间反射intracerebral hemorrhage，ICH 脑出血intrafusal muscle fiber 梭内肌纤维inverse agonist 反向激动剂inverse myotatic reflex 反肌伸长反射involuntary nervous system 不随意神经系统ion channel 离子通道IP3-5-phosphomonoesterase，IP3-5-PME IP3磷酸单酯酶isoguvacine 异四氢烟酸Isoproterenol，IP 异丙肾上腺素IV ventricle 第四脑室J-coupling J耦合jet 1ag 快速时区变化综合征，俗称倒时差Jun amino-terminal kinase Jun氨基末端激酶justaglomerular apparatus 旁肾小球装置Kainic acid,KA 海人酸kallikrein-kininogen-kinin，KKK 激肽释放酶一激肽原一激肽ketamine 氯胺酮Kinesthetic aproxia 运动性运用不能kinin 激肽kinocilium 动纤毛knee jerk reflex 膝跳反射knockout,Kn 基因敲除kynurenate 犬尿烯酸Lactate Lac 乳酸laminin 层粘连蛋白late gene 晚期基因late LTP 晚期LTPlateral column (horn) 侧角（柱）lateral inhibition 侧抑制lateral premotor area 外侧前运动区l-dopa 左旋多巴leak out 漏出leak potassium channels “漏钾”通道lectin-like receptor 凝集素样受体leucine rich motif, LRM 亮氨酸富集结构leukemia inhibitory factor receptor β,LIEFβ白血病抑制因子受体βLeukotrienes 白三烯Lewy body Lewy 小体L-glutamate-γ-hydrazide L-谷氨酸-γ-肼ligand 配体Ligand-gated ion channels 配体门控离子通道Light-dark cyc1e，LD 明-暗周期limb-girdle muscular dystrophy，LGMD 肢带型肌营养不良症Lipid, Lip 脂质lipofectin 阳离子脂质体lipofuscin 脂褐质liposome-mediated DNA transfer 脂质体介导的DNA转移load test 负荷试验local circuit neuron 局部环路神经元local circuits 局部环路local or intrinsic neurons 局部神经元local response 局部反应locomotion 行走运动Long-day breeder 长日繁殖动物Long-term depression,LTD 长时程抑制long-term memory 长时记忆long-term potentiation，LTP 长时程增强lumlar splanchnic nerve 腰内脏神经丛luteinzing hormone releasing hormone, LHRH 促黄体生成激素释放激素lymphoid stroma 淋巴样基质lymphorrhage 淋巴溢lysergic acid diethylamide，LSD 麦角二乙酰胺MAG 髓鞘相关糖蛋白magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱学magnetic susceptibility 磁化率major depression 重性抑郁症MAO-B 单胺氧化酶Bmarginal zone (MZ) 缘层MBP 髓鞘碱性蛋白Me1atonin 褪黑激素medial motor cortex 内侧运动区mediator 介质Meissner’s Corpuscle Meissner触觉小体melatonin 褪黑素Meningomyelocele 脊髓脊膜膨出3-mercaptopropionic acid， 3-MP 3-巯基丙酸Merkel’s disk Merkel球3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol， MHPG 3-甲氧基-4-羟苯乙二醇5-methoxyindole acetic acid， 5-MIAA 5-甲氧基吲哚乙酸α-Methyl-dopa-hydrazine α-甲基多巴肼mesencephalic aqueduct 中脑水管mesencephalic flexure 中脑曲mesencephalic locomotor region,MLR 中脑运动区Mesenchyme 间胚层metabolic imaging 新陈代谢显像metabotropic glutamate receptors， mGluRs 旧称ACPD受体促代谢型谷氨酸受体Metoclopramide 甲氧氯普胺，又称灭吐灵、胃复安micro positron emission tomography, microPET 微型正电子发射式断层仪microbrain system in the heart 心脏微脑系统microcapsule 微囊microcircuits 微环路Microencephaly 脑过小畸形microglical cell 小胶质细胞microneurography 微神经元图microphonic potential, CM 微音器电位microtubule associated protein，MAP 微管相关蛋白midbrain or mesencephalon vesicle 中脑泡miniature end-plate potential,MEPP 微小终板电位mirrorneurons 镜像神经元mitogen 有丝分裂素mitogen-activated protein kinase ，MAP激酶分裂素活化蛋白激酶modality 感觉模态modulator 调质MOG 髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白monoamine oxidase， MAO 单胺氧化酶monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体monosynaptic reflex 单突触反射mood stabilizing drugs 情感心境稳定剂motifs 结构单元motoneuron pool 运动神经元池motor neuron disease 运动神经元疾病motor nucleus 运动核motor unit 运动单位motormap 大脑皮质运动定位图MPP＋, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 1-甲基-4苯基吡啶离子MPTP,1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-etrahydropyridine 1-甲基-4苯基-1, 2, 3, 6-四羟吡啶Mullerian duct inhibiting hormone， MIH 苗勒氏管抑制激素multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化Multiple system atorphy 多系统萎缩muscatinic receptor，M-AChR 毒蕈碱受体，M-受体muscimol 蝇蕈醇muscle spindle 肌梭myllinatio 髓鞘形成myllination 体节myoblasts 成肌细胞myogenic cells 肌源细胞myo-Inositol，mI 内消螺旋肌醇myotatic reflex 肌伸长反射myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症N-acetylaspartate, NAA 氮乙酰天门冬氨酸Natriuretic peptide，ANP 肾内利钠肽n-butyl-β-carboline-3- carboxylate，β-CCB n-丁基-β-咔啉-3-羧酸negative shift 负转化nerve growth factor, NGF 神经生长因子Netrin 网蛋白network 网络neural cell adhesion molecule，NCAM 神经细胞粘连分子neural progenitor cells 神经元前体细胞neuritic thread， NT 神经炎毯neuroblast 成神经细胞neurodegenerative diseases 神经退行性疾病neuroeffector junction 神经元-效应器连接neurofibrillary tangle，NFT 神经原纤维缠结neurogliocyte 神经胶质细胞neuroimmunoendocrine network 神经免疫内分泌网络neuroimmunomodulation 神经免疫调制neurokinin, NK 神经激肽neuroleptics 抗精神失常的药物neurolukin 神经白细胞素neuromeres 神经管节（菱形节）Neuron 神经元neuronal NOS，nNOS 神经元型NOSneuronal plasticity 神经元可塑性neuronotrophic factors (NTFs) 神经营养因子neuropeptide K, NPK 神经肽Kneuropeptide Y, NPY 神经肽Yneuropeptide, NP 神经肽neurotensin, NT 神经降压素neurotransmitter coexistence 递质共存neurotrophic factors, NTFs 神经营养因子neurotrophin receptor interacting factor,NRIF NT受体相互作用因子neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR神经营养素受体neurotrophin, NTs家族神经营养素家族neurotrophin-3 ，NT-3 神经营养素-3 neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5 神经营养素-4/5 neurotrophin-6 神经营养素-6 Neurulation 神经胚形成nicotinid receptor，N-AChR 烟碱受体， N-受体nitrergic 氮能Nitric oxide ，NO 一氧化氮nitric oxide synthase， NOS 一氧化氮合酶nitric oxide， NO 一氧化氮nitroxidergic 一氧化氮能N-methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸nociception 伤害性感受non-adrenergic non- cholinergic， NANC 非肾上腺素能非胆碱能nonassociative learning 非联合性学习non-automatic pathway 控制通路或非自动加工通路nondeclarative memory or implicit memory 非陈述记忆non-directed synapse 非定向突触Nonphotic entrainment 非光源协同化non-proline-directed protein kinase，non-PDPK 非脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶no-reflow 无复流norepinephrine或noradrenaline，NE或NA 去甲肾上腺素Notch Intracellular Domain， NICD 胞内域nuclear bag fiber 核袋纤维nuclear chain fiber 核链纤维nuclear factor-κ gene binding κ基因结合核因子Nucleus tractus solitarius, NTS 孤束核octreotide 奥曲肽ocular disparity representation 眼差异代表区Ocular Dominance Columns 眼优势柱oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, OPMD 眼咽型肌营养不良症ohosphatidylinositol，ptdlns 磷脂肌醇Okaidaic acid，OA 冈田酸6-OHDA 6-羟基多巴胺oligodendroglia cell 少突胶质细胞omnipause neurons 全暂停神经元open-channel blockers 开放通道阻滞剂operant conditioning reflex 操作式条件反射opioid peptide，OP 阿片肽opioid receptor-like ,ORL 阿片受体样受体opioid receptors 阿片受体optic chiasm 视交叉optokinetic reflex 眼动反射ordered recruitment 有序募集organic sensation 脏器感受orphan receptor 孤儿受体orphanin, OFQ 孤啡肽orthographic processing 字型加工OSP 少突胶质细胞特异蛋白otoacoustic emission，OAE 耳声发射output pathway 传出通路overshoot 超射oxygen free radicals 氧自由基Oxy-hemoglobin, Oxy-Hb 氧合血红蛋白oxytocin, OT 催产素Pacemaker 起律pacemaker细胞P细胞Pacinian Corpuscle 环层小体pain 痛觉paired helical filament，PHF 双螺旋丝pancreatic polypeptide, PP 胰多肽Pandysautonomia 全自主神经功能不全parabrachial area 臂旁区para-chlorophenylalamine，PCPA 对氯苯丙氨酸parallel process 平行过程parallel synapse 平行性突触paramagnetic 顺磁paramedian pontine reticular formation, PPRF 旁正中脑桥网状结构pargyline 帕吉宁parietal pain 壁层痛parieto-premotor channels 顶叶-前运动通路Parkinson’s disease, PD 帕金森病paroxetine 帕罗西汀part per million 化学位移相对值particle bombardment 颗粒轰击技术patch clamp 膜片钳patterned movement 型式化运动p-chloroamphetamine， PCA 对氯苯丙胺penumbra 缺血半暗带peptide YY, PYY 胰多肽样肽perceptual representative system，PRS 知觉表征系统perfusion weighted imaging, PWI 灌注成像perikaryon 核周体phage display 噬菌体展示Phase advance 时相前移Phase de1ay 时相后移Phase response curve，PRC 时相反应曲线Phase shifting 时相位移phencyclidine，PCP 苯环已哌啶（苯环立啶）phenyketonurin 苯丙酮尿症phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase， PNMT 苯乙醇胺氮位甲基移位酶pheochromocytoma cells(PC12) 大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞δ-philanthotoxin(δ-PHTX) 寄生穴蜂毒素phonological processing 语音加工phorbel ester 佛波醇酯phosphalidylinosilol 磷脂酰肌醇Phosphocholine 磷酸胆碱phosphocreatine,PCr 磷酸肌酸phosphodiesterase PDE 磷酸二酯酶phosphodiesters, PDE 磷酸双脂phosphoinositide cycle 肌醇磷脂循环phospholipase C PLC 磷脂酶C phosphomonoesters, PME 磷酸单脂phosphoprotein phosphatases 磷蛋白磷酸（酯）酶phosphotidyl inositol，PI 磷脂酰肌醇Photoentrainment 光源协同性Photorecepto 光感受器phrenology 颅相学Pinealocytes 松果体细胞pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, PACAP 垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽place coding 部位编码Plasma membrane transporter 膜转运体plasmid vector 质粒载体plasticity 可塑性pletelet-derived growth factor,PDGF 血小板源性生长因子PLP 蛋白脂蛋白poattetanic potentiation 强直后强化point-resolved spectroscopy PRESS 点分辨光谱法polymodal 多模式型polysynaptic reflex 多突触反射pontine flexure 桥曲positron emission tomography，PET 正电子发射断层扫描posterior column (horn) 后柱（角）posterior commissure 后联合Posterior parietal cortex 后顶叶皮质post-receptor defect 受体后缺陷postsynaptic current 突触后电流postsynaptic potential,PSP 突触后电位Premotor cortex area，PM 前运动区preparatory potential 准备电位pre-pro-opiomelanocortin, POMC 前阿黑皮素原pre-protachykinin, PPT 前速激肽原pre-supplementary motor area 前辅助运动区presynaptic inhibition 突触前抑制pretangle 缠结形成前期preterminal N-AChRs 末梢前N-胆碱受体primary afferent depolarization, PAD 初级传入纤维末梢去极化Primary motor cortex，MI 初级运动皮质primary neurons 原代神经元primary non-neuronal cells 原代非神经元细胞primary orthostatic hypotension，亦即Shy-Drager综合征原发性直立性低血压primary sensory ending 初级感觉末梢primilite meninx 原始脑（脊）膜principle of connectional 神经元通信特性原理Principle of dynamic polarizational 神经元极化原理procedural memory 程序记忆programmed cell death 程序性细胞死亡prolactin, PRL 催乳素proline-directed protein kinase，PDPK 脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶propriospinal neuron 脊髓固有神经元prostaglandins，PGs 前列腺素proteasome 泛素蛋白酶小体protective effect 保护作用protein kinase C，PKC 蛋白激酶Cprotein phosphatases,PP 蛋白磷酸酯酶pseudoaffective reaction 伪情感反应Pure Pandysautonomia “全”或“纯”自主神经功能不全putamen 壳核quantal release 递质量子释放quasi visceral pain 准内脏痛123I-quinuclidinyl-benzilate, 123I-QNB 123碘-二苯羟乙酸喹啉酯quinolinic acid QUIN 喹啉酸Quisqualic acid ，QA 使君子（氨）酸radial glial cell 放射胶质细胞radioimmunoassay, RIA 放射免疫分析技术radio-immunu-imaging, RII 放射免疫显像radionuclide imaging techniques 放射性核素显像技术radio-receptor imaging 放射受体显像ragidity 肌僵直Raphe nuclei 中缝核rapid eye movement, REM 快速眼动Rathkes Pouch 拉司克囊Raynaud's Disease and Raynaud's Phenomenom 雷诺氏病及雷诺氏现象receptive field-specificity of the columns 柱的感受野特性receptor 受体receptor for advanced glycation end products，RAGE 晚期糖化终产物受体receptor potential 感受器电位receptor tyrosine kinase, RTK 受体酪氨酸激酶receptor-specificity of columns 柱的感受器特性reciprocal inhibition 交互神经支配reciprocal inhibition 交互抑制reciprocal synapse 交互性突触recurrent inhibition 返回性抑制referred pain 牵涉痛regional cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量regional Cerebral Blood Volume, rCBV 局部脑血容量regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose, rCMRGlu 局部脑葡萄糖代谢率regional Mean Transit Time, rMTT 局部平均通过时间Regulatory subunit 调节亚单位relaxation rate 质子弛豫率relay or principal neurons 接替神经元resetting 重新调定resting membrane potential,RMP或RP 静息膜电位restrictive diffusion 受限弥散retention 保留reticular formation, RF 网状结构Retinohypotha1amic tract；RHT 视丘束retrovirus vector (RV) 逆转录病毒载体reversal current 向膜内流转变为向外流rewarding system 奖赏系统Riley Day综合征, familial dysautonomia 家族性自主神经功能不全risperdal 维思通rodopsin 视紫红质rohombic lips 菱唇Rolipram 罗列普拉roof plate 顶板rostral interstitial nucleus 间质核Ruffini’s corpuscle Ruffini小体Running-wheel 跑动轮rutabaga 傻瓜saccadic eye movement 眼扫视运动scaffolds 脚手架scavenger receptor, SR 清道夫受体schizophrenia 精神分裂症sebsorimotor transformation 感觉运动转化Secondary sensory ending 次级感觉末梢selegiline 司来吉兰selfaggregation 易自聚性semantic memory 语义记忆semantic processing 语义加工semaphorin 导向蛋白senile plaque，SP 老年斑sensitization 敏感化serial synapse 连续性突触serine hydroxymethyl transferase， SHMT 丝氨酸羟甲基移位酶serotonin-type S型set-related 设置相关sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area, SDN-POA 视前区性别双态核shearing motion 剪切运动short latency-abrupt, SL-A 短潜伏期-突发性short latency-sustained, SL-S 短潜伏期-持续性short-term memory 短短时记忆shuntinginhibition 分流抑制shuttle vector 穿梭载体Silent nociceptor 静止痛觉感受器single chain Fv antibody fragment, scFv 单链Fv抗体single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT 单光子发射式计算机断层仪size principle 大小原则skeletofusimotor or beta efferents 骨骼肌梭动纤维或β传出纤维slow transmission 慢速突触传递small fiber neuropathy 小纤维神经病smooth pursuit movement 眼平稳跟踪运动sodium dodecylsulfate，SDS 十二烷基硫酸钠soluble guanylyl cyclase，sGC 鸟苷酸环化酶somatostatin, SS 生长抑素somatotopic organization 定位关系somites 体节SP , substance P P物质space constant,r 空间常数spatial pattern 空间构型special summation 空间总和special viseral afferent 特殊内脏传入核团special viseral efferent 特殊内脏传出核团specific 5-HT binding protein， SBP 5-HT结合蛋白SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography 单光子发射计算机断层扫描spike potential 锋电位Spina bifida occulta 隐性脊柱裂spinal shock 脊休克spinalisation 脊髓化spinohypothalamic tract，SHT 脊髓下丘脑束spinoreticular tract, SRT 脊髓网状束spinothalamic tract, STT 脊丘束spin-spin coupling 自旋-自旋耦合stagnant or ischemia anoxia 停滞性（或缺血性）缺O2 stance phase 站立相state-dependent reflex reversal 状态依赖性反射逆转static equilibrium 静态平衡static response 静态反应static stretch reflex 静态牵张反射statistic parameter map, SPM 123碘-IMPstereocilia 静纤毛stereognosis 实体觉steriod concentrating neuron 浓集性腺类固醇的神经元stiffness 劲度stimulated-echo acquisition mode STEAM 受激回波采集方式stimulation produced analgesia，SPA 脑刺激镇痛stretch reflex 牵张反射striatum 纹状体stromal cells 基质细胞subcortical and cortical motivation areas 皮质与皮质下动机区Subjective day 主观昼Subjective night 主观夜submedian 中线下核subnucleus reticularis dorsalis, SRD 背侧网状亚核Subparaventricular zone 室旁下区substantia inomata 未名质substantia nigra pars compacta, SNc 黑质致密部substantia nigra pars reticulata, SNr 黑质网状部substantia nigra, SN 黑质subthalamic nucleus, STN 丘脑底核subventricular zone SZ 脑室下层succinic semialdehyde， SSA 琥珀酸半醛sulcus limitans 界沟sulpiride 舒必利sumatriptan 舒马坦summating potential，SP 总和电位suoerfamily 超家族superparamagnetic 超顺磁性supplement move area,SMA 辅助运动区Suprachiasmatic nuclei；SCN 视交叉上核swing phase 移动相syllo-Inositol SISympathetic system, ,parasympathetic system 交感神经系统及副交感神经系统synapse 突触synapsin 突触蛋白synaptic after-polarization细胞SAH细胞synaptic contact zone 突触接触带synaptic convergence 突触性聚合synaptic divergence 突触性分散synaptic facilitation 突触易化synaptic glomerulus 突触球synaptic integration 突触整合synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性synaptic potentiation 突触强化synaptic细胞S细胞synaptophysin 突触素Synchronization 同步化syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH，SIADH 抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征tachykinin 速激肽tacrine 他可林target cells 靶细胞targeted gene transfer via receptors 受体介导的基因转移Telencephalon vesicle 端脑泡temporal ischemic attack, TIA 暂时性缺血性发作temporal pattern 时间构型temporal resolution 时间分辨率temporal summation 时间总和tendon organ 腱器官terminal N-AChRs 末梢N-胆碱受体testis determining factor，TDF 睾丸决定因子testosterone 睾酮tetrabenazine 四苯嗪tetrahydrofolate， FH4 四氢叶酸Therapeutic-window 治疗窗4，5，6，7-tetra hydroiso oxazalo-[5，4-C] pyridine-3-ol THIPthreshold potential,TP 阈电位thymie polypeptid hormone 胸腺多肽激素thyrotropin hormone，TSH 促甲状腺激素thyrotropin releasing hormone, TRH 促甲状腺激素释放激素time constant 时间常数Timekeeping 定时Timing cues 时信tissue modeling 脑组织塑型trafficking 交通移动transaldolase 转缩醛酶transcortical circuits 跨皮质环路transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation，TENS 跨皮电刺激神经transcytosis 细胞内转运作用transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β转化生长因子-β。
神经病学词汇集萃
神经经病学词汇大全--> AAbadie's Sign 阿巴迪征(跟腱受压无感觉，见于脊髓痨) Abaptiston 安全开颅圆锯abarognosis 压觉缺失abasia astasia 立行不能abasia 步行不能abdominal reflex 腹壁反射abduction 外展abiotrophy 生活力缺失ablepsia 视觉缺失ablute 切除abnormal 异常abnormity 畸形abrupt 意外absolute hemianopia 完全偏盲abstinent 戒断症状abstraction 抽象acalculia 失算acataleptic 智能缺陷acatamathesia 理解不能acataphasia 连贯表达不能acatastasia 反常acathexis 心力贯注不能acathisia 静坐不能accessory cramp 痉挛性斜颈accommodation reflex 调节反射accommodation 适应aceburtolol 醋丁洛尔acedia 淡漠性忧郁症acenesthsia 存在觉缺失acenocoumarol 新抗凝acephalia 无头畸形acervulus 松果体石acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺acetohrdroxamic acid 乙酰氧肟酸acetophenazine乙酰非那嗪acetylcholinergic pathway 乙酰胆碱能通路acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱脂酶acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱acetylglutamide 乙酰谷氨酰胺acetylsalicylic acid 乙酰水杨酸acetyl-spiramycin 乙酰螺旋霉素Achilles jerk 踝反射Achilles tendon reflex 踝反射acinesia 运动不能aconative 意向缺失acorea 无瞳孔acouesthesia 听觉acousmatamnesia 听觉性健忘acousma 幼听acoustic neuroma 听神经瘤acoustic pathway 听觉传导路acoustic stria 听纹acouticolateral area 听侧线区acroagnosis 肢体感觉缺失acroanesthesia 肢端麻木acrobrachycephaly 扁头acrocephalosyndactyly 尖头并指acrocephaly 尖头acrocinesis 运动过多acrodynia 肢体疼痛症acrognosis 肢体感acrokinesia 感觉过敏acrokinesis 运动过多acromegaly 肢体肥大症acroneurosis 肢体神经官能症acroparalysia 肢麻痹acroparesthesia 肢体感觉异常acrosclerosis 肢体硬化症acrotrophoneurosis 四肢营养神经病actinine 辅肌动蛋白actinomycosis of brain 脑放线菌病actinoneuritis 放射性神经炎actin 肌动蛋白action tremor 动作性震颤active negativism 主动违拗症actomyosin 肌动球蛋白acuity 敏度acute alcohol intoxication 急性酒精中毒acute brain syndrome 急性脑综合征acute poliomyelites 急性脊髓前角灰质炎acute spontaenous myelites 急性非特异脊髓炎acute suppurative myelites 急性化脓性脊髓炎acyclovir 无环鸟苷acystinervia 膀胱神经无力Adamkiewicz's demilunes 阿达姆基维支新月形细胞(在有髓神经纤维的神经膜底下)adaptation 适应adduction 内收adenoma of pituitary gland 脑下垂体腺瘤adenovirus 腺病毒adiphenine 解痉素adiposis cerebralis 脑性肥胖症adiposis dolorosa 痛性肥胖症adrenergic 肾上腺素能adreno leukodystrophy 脑白质营养不良aerasthenia 飞行员精神衰弱aetiology 病因学affektepilepsie 情感性痉挛affensplate 月状沟(大脑枕叶)afferent 传入African meningitis 非洲脑膜炎(昏睡病)aganglionosis 神经节细胞缺乏症ageing of nervous tissue 神经组织老化agenesis of corpus callosum 胼胝体发育不良agitation 焦虑agnosia 失认agraphia 失写agyria 无脑回akathisia 静坐不能akinesia 运动不能akinetic seizures 运动不能发作akinetic-rigid syndrome 运动不能-强直综合征Akureyri disease 良性肌痛性脑脊髓炎alar plate 翼板albendazole 阿苯达唑alcoholic coma 酒精中毒性昏迷aldosterone 醛固酮alertness 警觉alexia 失读alleviated 缓和allopurinol 别嘌呤醇allucination 幻觉almufibrate 氯贝丁酯铝alprenollol 心得舒alptazolam 阿普唑仑alternating hemiplegia 交替性偏瘫altitudinal hemianopia 上下性偏盲aluminium nicotinate 烟酸铝Alzheimer's disease 阿尔塞梅茨病amantadine 金刚烷胺amaurotic idiocy 黑朦性白痴amaurotic 黑朦ambient cistern 环池amblyopic 弱视ameboid glia 阿米巴样神经胶质细胞ameliorate 改善amentia 精神错乱amiculum of olive 橄榄核囊amikacin 丁胺卡那霉素aminoacidurias 氨基酸尿aminocaproic acid, EACA 6-氨基己酸aminopyridine 氨基比林amitriptyline 阿米替林amnesic 遗忘amobarbital 异戊巴比妥amoxycillin 羟氨苄青霉素amphetamine 苯丙胺amphetamines 安非他命amplitude 幅度amyotonia congenita 先天性肌张力不全症amyotrophia 肌萎缩amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 肌萎缩性侧束硬化症anaerobic 厌氧的anal reflex 肛门反射analgesia 痛觉缺失anencephaly 无脑anesthesia dolorosa 痛性感觉缺失anesthesia 感觉缺失aneurysms 微动脉瘤aneuryson 动脉瘤angiography 血管造影angular gyrus 角回anisocoria 瞳孔不等大ankylosing spondylitis 关节固定性脊柱炎anorexic 厌食anosmia 嗅觉缺失anosognosia 病觉缺失anosognosia 偏瘫否认ansamysin 襻霉素anterior amygdaloid 前杏仁区anterior cerebellar incesure 小脑前切迹anterior commissure 前连合anterior corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓前束anterior fontanel 前囟anterior horn of lateral ventricle 侧脑室前角anterior lateral suleus 前外侧沟anterior limb of internal capsule 内囊前脚anterior median fissure 前正中裂anterior medullary velum 前髓帆anterior parolfactory suleus 前旁嗅沟anterior perforated substania 前穿质anterior speech cortex 前说话区(Broca氏区) anterior spinocerebellar tract 脊髓小脑前束anterior white commissure 白质前连合anterior 前anterior(ventral) funiculus 前索(脊髓)anterior(ventral) horn 前角(脊髓)anterior(ventral) root 前根anterograde amnesia 顺行性遗忘anterograde axoplasmic transport 顺向轴浆输送anterograde degeneration 顺行变性anterolateral corticospinal tract前外侧皮质脊髓束anterolateral 前外侧anterolivary suleus 橄榄前沟antiepilepsirin 抗癫灵anxiety hysteria 焦虑性癔病anxiety tension state 焦虑紧张状态anxiety 焦虑症aone of Obersteiner?Redlich 奥贝斯坦纳?热里希氏带Apert syndrome 塔头并指畸形症aphasia 失语aphingolipid 神经鞘脂apnoea 窒息apoplectic coma 中风性昏迷apraxia 失用aprotinin 抑肽酶arachnoid granulation 蛛网膜颗粒arachnoid villi 蛛网膜绒毛arachnoid 蛛网膜arachnoiditis 蛛网膜炎archeo cerebellum 古小脑arcuocerebellar fibers弓状小脑纤维area postrema 最后区area temporalis inferior 颞下区area temporalis media 颞中区area temporalis superior 颞上区area temporalis transverse externa 颞横外侧区area temporalis transverse interna 颞横内侧区area 区areflexia 反射消失arfonad 咪噻芬arginine 精氨酸Arnold-Chiari malformation 先天性小脑延髓下疝畸形arteriovenous malformation of brain 脑动静脉畸形arteriovenous malformotion 动静脉畸形arthroneuralgia关节神经痛articulation 连接ascending reticular activing system 网状上行激活系统ascending reticular inhibiting system 网状上行抑制系统assessment 评估association neuron联络神经元astereognosia 立体觉失认asterixis 扑翼样震颤asthenia 衰弱asthenic syndrome 脑衰弱综合征asthenocoria 瞳孔反应迟钝astrocytoma 星形细胞瘤astroglia cell 星形胶质细胞asymmetrical synapse 不对称型突触asymmetry 不对称asymptomatic 无症状asynchronism 协调障碍asyndesis 言语不能asynergy 协同不能asystole 心脏停搏atactic 协调不能atactiform 共济失调样ataxia 共济失调atelocephalous 头发育不全atelocephaly头颅发育不全atenolol 阿替洛尔athalposis 温觉缺失atheroma 粥样斑atherosclerosis 动脉硬化athetosis 手足徐动症atlanto-axial subluxation 寰枢椎半脱位atonia 肌张力缺失atonic bladder 无张力性膀胱atopognosia 位置觉缺失atremia 歇斯底里性步行不能atretopsia 瞳孔闭锁atypical absences 非典型发作atypical 非典型auditory evoked potential 听觉诱发电位auditory hallucination 幻听auditory radiation 听辐射aural nystagmus 耳原性眼球震颤aural vertigo 耳源性眩晕aura先兆automatism 自动症autonomic nervous system 自主神经系autonomous bladder 自主性膀胱autonomous neurogenic bladder 自主神经原性膀胱autosomal 常染色体autotomography 自体感知不能autotophagnosia 自体结构失认Avellis' Syndrome 阿费利斯综合征(疑核脊髓丘脑性麻痹) avulsion of scalp 头皮撕裂伤axis 枢椎axo-axonal synapse 轴-轴突触axo-dendritic synapse 轴-树突触axolemma 轴膜axon hillock 轴丘axonotmesis 轴突中断axon 轴突axophage 噬髓鞘细胞axoplasmic flow 轴浆流axoplasmic transport 轴浆输送axopodium 轴伪足axo-somatic synapse 轴-体突触axosopongium 轴突海绵质axo-spinous synapse 轴-棘突触Ayala's index 阿亚拉指数(脑脊液压指数)Ayer's test 艾尔试验(检测椎管阻滞)aypnia 失眠azathioprine 硫唑嘌呤azidothymidine, AZT 叠氮胸苷BBabinski sign 巴彬斯基征Babinski-Nageotte syndrome 延髓腹外侧综合征Backer muscular dystrophy 贝克肌营养不良backward progression 后退步态baclofen 氯苯氨丁酸Baillarger's line 贝亚尔若线(大脑皮层锥体细胞层内的白色带)Balint syndrome 巴林特综合征(双侧顶－枕区损害)ballismus 投掷症Balo disease 巴娄病 (同心层型轴周性脑炎)band of Kaes?Bechterew 卡依斯?贝克特如氏带Barany's pointing test 巴腊尼指向试验(检脑损害)Barany's symptom 巴腊尼症状(冷热水试验)barbitalism 巴比妥中毒Bard's sign 巴尔德征(眼球震颤征)Barre-Guillain Syndrome 急性热病性多神经炎Barre-Lieou Syndrome 后颈交感神经综合征barrier 屏障baryencephalia 智力迟钝baryesthesia 压觉baryglossia 言语拙笨barylalia 言语不清basal plate 基板basiarachnitis 颅底蛛网膜炎basicranial 颅底basilar cistern 基底池basilar fracture 颅底骨折basilar impression 颅底凹陷basilar invagination 颅底陷入症basilar sinus 基底窦basilar suleus 基底沟basinasial 颅底鼻根的basioccipital 枕骨底部的basis pontis 基底部(脑桥)basophil 嗜碱性细胞Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome 棘状红细胞－β－脂蛋白缺乏症Bastian-Bruns Sign 巴斯欣-布伦斯征(从头部到腰膨大部的脊髓有完全横贯性损害,下肢键反射就消失)bathrocephaly 梯头bathyanesthesia 深部感觉缺失bathyesthesia 深部感觉bathyhyperesthesia 深部感觉过敏bathyhypesthesia 深部感觉迟钝Batten-Mayou disease 少年型黑蒙性白痴Bayle's disease 贝尔病(精神错乱者的进行性全身性麻痹)Beale's ganglion cells 比尔神经节细胞(双极细胞)Beard's disease 神经衰弱Behcet syndrome 白塞综合征Bekhterev's layer 别赫捷列夫层(大脑皮层外粒层的纤维层)Bekhterev's nucleus 别赫捷列夫核(前庭神经上核)Bekhterev's reaction 别赫捷列夫反应Bekhterev's reflex 别赫捷列夫反射(深层反射;腹下部反射;瞳孔反射;鼻反射) Bekhterev's symptom 别赫捷列夫症状(面肌麻痹)Bekhterev's test 别赫捷列夫试验(检坐骨神经痛)Bell's law 贝尔定律(脊髓神经前根为运动根,后根为感觉根)Bell's mania 急性谵妄Bell's nerve 胸长神经Bell's palsy 贝尔麻痹Bell's phenomenon 贝尔现象bemegride 美解眠benactyzine 胃复康Benedict's syndrome 中脑红核综合征Benedikt's syndrome 本尼迪克特综合征(一侧动眼神经麻痹,对侧运动过度, benign congenital hypotonia 良性先天性肌张力减低benign essential tremor 良性特发性震颤benign intracranial hypertension 良性颅高压benign myalgic encephalomyelitis 良性肌痛性脑脊髓炎benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕benign positional vertigo 良性位置性眩晕benserazide 苄丝肼benspryzine 苯纳哌嗪benumb 使瘫痪benzathine 苄星青霉素benzhexol hydrochloride 盐酸苯海索benzhexol 苯海索(安坦)benztropine 苯甲托品benzylpencilline 苯唑青霉素Berger's paresthesia 贝格尔感觉异常(青少年的一侧或两侧下肢感觉异常,无力,但无他觉症状)Berger's sign 贝格尔征(不规则或椭圆性瞳孔,见于早期脊髓痨,麻痹性痴呆) Bergeron's chorea贝尔热隆病(电击样舞蹈病,激烈而有规律的痉挛,但为良性病程)Bergmann's cells 贝格曼细胞(小脑皮层分子层内的特殊神经胶质细胞) Bergmann's cords 第四脑室髓纹,听髓纹Bergmann's fibers 贝格曼纤维(从小脑皮层分子层放射并进入软脑膜的突)Beri-beri(thiamine deficiency) 硫胺(VitB1)缺乏症Bernhard's disease 感觉异常性股痛Bernheimer's fibers 伯恩海默纤维(自视神经束至柳氏体的一种脑神经纤维束) betahistine 培他啶bethanechal (-甲基氨甲酰胆碱Betz's cells 贝茨细胞Bezold's abscess 颞骨骨膜下脓肿Bezold's perforation 颞骨乳突内面穿孔Bezold's sign 贝措尔德征(乳突炎)Bezold's triad 贝措尔德三征(耳硬化)Bianchi's syndrome 比昂基综合征(一种感觉性失语症性综合征,伴失用症及失读症)Bichat's canal 大脑大静脉Bichat's fissure 大脑横裂Bichat's foramen 蛛网膜孔Bielschowsky disease 幼儿型家族性黑蒙性白痴Bielschowsky's method 比尔肖夫斯基法(论证神经轴突及网状纤维的氨银染法) Bielschowsky's-Jansky disease 晚期婴儿型家族性黑蒙性痴呆Biernacki's sign 别尔纳茨基征(脊髓痨及麻痹性痴呆时的尺神经瘫痪) bilateral hemianopia 双侧偏盲bilateral 双侧Billroth's disease比罗特征(假性脑(脊)膜突出)binocular hemianopia 双眼偏盲binocular microscope 双目显微镜Binswanger disease 宾斯万格病(皮质下脑病)biopsy 活检Biot's respiration 比奥呼吸(间歇性呼吸暂停,见于颅内压增高)bipolar neuron 双极神经元bitamporal 颞侧bitemporal hemianopia 颞侧偏盲bithionol 硫双二氯酚black-out syndrome 黑蒙综合征blackouts 黑朦bladder 膀胱blastoneuropore 胚神经孔blepharoptosis 睑下垂blepharospasm 睑痉挛blink reflex 瞬目反射blink 眨眼blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障blood-CSF barrier 血脑脊液屏障blood-nervus barrier 血神经屏障Blumenau's nucleus 布路门奥核(楔核外侧核)Blumenbach's clivus 布卢门巴赫斜坡(与枕骨底突相连的蝶骨斜坡) Blumenbach's process 筛骨钩突blurring 模糊body of lateral ventricle 侧脑室体部body, corpus, complex 体Bonnier's syndrome 邦尼埃综合征(前庭神经外侧核或前庭束损害)Bornholm disease 流行性肌痛Bourneville's disease 结节硬化症boutons en passant 旁结boutons terminaus 终结bouts 发作bowel 直肠boxing encephalopathy 拳击员脑炎brachcephaly 短头brachial plexus 臂丛brachium conjunctivum 结合臂brachium pontis 脑桥臂brachium 臂brachycranic 短颅的(颅指数为81.0至84.9)bradycardia 心动过缓bradykinesia 运动迟缓bradylalia 言语迟缓bradylexia 阅读过慢bradylogia 言语过慢bradyphemia 言语过慢bradyphrasia 迟语症bradyphrenia 智力迟钝(流行性乙型脑炎)bradypragia 动作过慢brain, encephalon 脑Brain's reflex 布雷恩反射(当病人采取四足位置时,偏瘫性屈曲上臂伸直) brainstem 脑干briskly 活跃Brissaud's syndrome 交*性面痉挛偏瘫综合征Broca's area 布若卡氏区Brodmann's areas 布劳德曼区(大脑皮层细胞结构分区)bromazepam 溴基安定bromazolam 宁神定bromocriptine 溴隐亭Brown-Sequard syndorme 脊髓半切综合征Brudzinski sign 布鲁金斯基征Bruns' syndrome 布伦斯综合征(第四脑室包囊虫眩晕综合征)Budge's center 布吉氏中枢Buerger disease 闭塞性血栓性脉管炎bufetolol 丁呋心安Buiswangen disease 缺血性白质脑病bulbar paralysis 球麻痹Burdach's columns 布尔达赫柱(脊髓楔束)Burdach's fasciculus 布尔达赫束(大脑上纵束)Burdach's fibers 布尔达赫纤维Burdach's fissure 布尔达赫裂(脑岛外侧面和岛盖内面间裂)Burdach's nucleus 布尔达赫核(楔束核)buspirone 丁螺环酮Ccabernous sinus 海绵窦cacesthesia 感觉异常cachinntion 癔病狂笑cafe au lait spots 咖啡牛乳色斑caffeine 咖啡因Caffey disease 婴儿骨皮质增生症Cajal's cells 卡哈尔细胞(星形胶质细胞)Cajal's double method 卡哈尔双重染色法(显示神经节细胞) Cajal's method 卡哈尔染色法(显示星形胶质细胞)calan 卡兰calcar avis 禽距calcarine fissure 距状裂calcified 钙化Calleja's islets 卡耶哈岛(海马回嗅觉小岛)callosal suleus 胼胝体沟callosum 胼胝体caloric nystagmus 温热性眼球震颤caloric test冷热试验Canavan disease 海绵状脑白质营养不良症candida 念珠菌canine hysteria 犬惊病canine spasm 痉笑caprylhydroxamic acid 辛酰氧肟酸capsule 囊carbamazepine 卡马西平carbechal 氨甲酰胆碱carbenicillin 羧苄青霉素carbidopa 卡比多巴cardiac plexus 心丛cardio-accelerating center心加速中枢cardio-encephalopathy 心性脑病cardio-inhibitor center 心抑制中枢cardioneurosis 神经性循环衰弱cardioplegia 心麻痹carotid angiograpathy 颈动脉血管造影carotid bifuracation 颈动脉分*carotid compression 压颈动脉试验carotid sinus reflex 颈动脉窦反射carotid sinus syncope 颈动脉窦性晕厥carpal tunnel syndrome 腕管综合征carteolol 喹酮心安cartid-cavernous fistula 颈动脉海绵窦瘘caseating 干酪样cataplexy 猝倒catatonia 紧张症catatonic pupil 紧张性瞳孔catecholamine 儿茶酚胺categories 类型cauda equins 马尾(脊髓)causalgia 灼性神经痛cavernous sinus 海绵窦综合征cefadroxil 头孢拉定cefaloridine 头孢噻啶cefathiamidine 头孢硫脒celiac plexus 腹腔丛cellulitis 蜂窝织炎cenral spinal cord dyndrome 脊髓中央综合征center 中枢centers of autonomic nerve自主神经中枢central canal 中央管central core disease 中央轴突症central excitatory state 中枢兴奋状态central gray substance 中央灰质central pain 中枢性疼痛central sulcus 中央沟central suleus of insula 岛中央沟central tegmental tract 被盖中央束centraphose 中枢性暗觉centrifuged deposit 离心后沉淀centrokinesia 中枢性运动cephalgia 头痛cephalic flexure 头曲cephalin 脑磷脂cephalitis 脑炎cephalocele 脑膨出cephalocentesis 头颅穿刺术cephalochord 头索cephalodynia 头痛cephaloplegia 头面肌瘫痪cephalothin sodium 头孢噻吩钠cephaoexin 头孢氨苄cephazolin sodium 头孢唑啉钠ceptriaxone 头孢噻肟二嗪ceramidase 神经鞘氨醇酶ceramide glucoside 葡糖脑苷脂ceramide trihexoside 神经鞘氨醇己三糖苷ceramide 神经鞘氨醇cerebellar ataxia 小脑共济失调cerebellar atrophy 小脑萎缩cerebellar corpus 小脑体cerebellar cortex 小脑皮质cerebellar ectopia 小脑外疝cerebellar hemisphere syndrome 小脑半球综合征cerebellar hemisphere 小脑半球cerebellar plate 小脑板cerebellar pressure cone 小脑压迫圆锥cerebellar tonsillar herniation 小脑扁桃体疝cerebellitis 小脑炎cerebello- olivary fibers小脑橄榄纤维cerebellomedullary cistern 小脑延髓池cerebellopontine angle 小脑桥脑角cerebelloreticular fibers 小脑网状纤维cerebellorubral fibers 小脑红核纤维cerebellovestibular fibers 小脑前庭纤维cerebellum 小脑cerebral abscess 脑脓肿cerebral agenesis 大脑发育不全cerebral angiograpathy 脑血管造影cerebral atrophy 大脑萎缩cerebral commissure 大脑连合cerebral contusion 脑挫伤cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebral cysticercosis 脑囊虫病cerebral diaplegia 脑性双侧瘫痪cerebral dysgenesis 脑发育障碍cerebral edema 脑水肿cerebral embolism 脑栓塞cerebral haemorrhage 脑出血cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral ischemia 脑缺血cerebral lipidosis 脑脂质增多症cerebral malacia 脑软化cerebral paragonimiasis 脑型肺吸虫病cerebral peduncle 大脑脚cerebral plasy 脑性瘫痪cerebral schistosomiasis 脑型血吸虫病cerebral sclerosis 脑硬化症cerebral spasm 大脑性痉挛cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓形成cerebral-arteriosclerotic dementia 脑动脉硬化性痴呆cerebriform 脑形的cerebritis 脑炎cerebrocuprein 脑铜蛋白cerebrogalactose 脑半乳糖cerebrogalactoside 脑半乳糖苷脂cerebrohyphoid 脑组织样的cerebroid 脑形的cerebrolysin 脑活素cerebroma 脑瘤cerebromacular degeneration 大脑黄斑变性症cerebromalacia 脑软化cerebromeningitis 脑膜脑炎cerebron 羟脑苷脂cerebropathy 脑病cerebrosclerosis 脑硬化cerebrose 脑半乳糖cerebroside 脑苷脂类cerebrosidosis 脑苷脂沉积病cerebrosis 脑病cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cerebrospinal leak 脑脊液漏cerebrospinal rhinorrhea 脑脊液鼻漏cerebrospinase 脑脊液氧化酶cerebrovascular accident 脑血管意外cerebrum 大脑ceroid 蜡样质ceruloplasmin 血浆铜蓝蛋白cervical ansa 颈袢cervical enlargement 颈膨大(脊髓)cervical flexure 颈曲cervical plexus 颈丛cervical rib syndrome 颈肋综合征cervical rigidity 颈强直cervical spondylosis 颈关节强直cervical vertigo 颈性眩晕cervical 颈的Cestan-Chenais syndrome 副－舌下神经麻痹综合征Chaddoch sign 查多克征Chamberlain's line 硬腭枕大孔(张伯伦)线Charcot's foot 夏科氏足(脊髓痨性关节病患者的畸形足)Charcot's gait 夏科氏步态(家族性共济失调步态)Charcot's joint 夏科氏关节(神经原性关节病)Charcot's syndrome夏科氏综合征(肌萎缩性侧索硬化,间歇性跛行,肝病性间歇热)Charcot's triad 夏科氏三征(眼球震颤,意向震颤,断音言语见于多发性硬化症) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 腓骨肌萎缩征Chassalgnac's tubercle 夏桑亚克结节(第六颈椎横突的颈动脉结节)chemical synapse 化学突触Cheyne-Stokes nystagmus 节律性眼球震颤chiasmatic cistern 交*池childhood dystrophy 儿童营养不良chitoneure 神经膜鞘chlomezanone 芬那露chloral hydrate 水合氯醛chloramphenicol 氯霉素chlorazepate 二钾氯氮卓chloridiazepoxide 利眠宁chlorimipramine 氯丙咪嗪chlormezanone 氯苯甲酮chloroquine 氯喹chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪chlorprothixene 泰尔登chlorthialidone 氯噻酮chocking 窒息cholesteatom 胆脂瘤cholestipol 降胆宁cholestyramine 消胆胺考来烯胺cholinergic 胆碱能cholinesterase 胆碱脂酶cholinolytic 抗胆碱cholinomimetic 类胆碱chondroitine 硫酸软骨素chorda tympani 鼓索支chordiazepoxide 氯氮平chordoma 脊索瘤chorea 舞蹈病choreiform 舞蹈病样的choreoathetosis 舞蹈手足徐动症choroid epithelium 脉络丛上皮choroid fissure 脉络裂choroid plexus of fourth ventricle 第四脑室脉络丛choroid plexus of lateral ventricle 侧脑室脉络丛choroid plexus of third ventricle 第三脑室脉络丛choroid plexus 脉络丛choroid 脉络膜chromidial substance 嗜染质chromphil substance 染色质chronic progressive inflammatory polyneuropathy 慢性进行性炎症性多发性神经病chronotaraxia 定时不能Chyne-Stokes respiration 潮式呼吸ciliary medullary center 延髓睫状体中枢ciliospinal center 睫脊中枢cillary neuragia 睫状神经痛cimetidine 西米替丁(甲氰咪呱)cinerea 灰质cingulate gyrus 扣带回cingulate suleus 扣带沟cingulectomy 扣带回切除术cingulumotomy 扣带回切开术cinnarizine 脑益嗪 (肉桂苯哌嗪)circle of Willis 脑底动脉环circumventricular organ 室周器cis-platinum 顺铂cistern 池cisternal puncture 小脑延髓池穿刺Clarke's cells 克拉克细胞(脊髓背核色素细胞)clasmatodendrosis 星形胶质细胞突破折clasp knife phenomenon 折刀现象clasp-knife 折刀样Claude's hyperkinesis sign 克洛德运动增强征(疼痛刺激时瘫痪肌肉的反射性动作)Claude's syndrome 克洛德综合征(一侧动眼神经瘫痪,对侧协同不能,讷吃) claw-hand 爪形手clindamycin 克林霉素clomipramine 氯丙咪嗪clonazepam 氯硝安定clonic seizure 阵挛发作clonic spasm 阵挛性痉挛clonidine 氯压定clonus 阵挛cloxacillin 邻氯青霉素coccidioidomycosis of brain 脑隐球菌病coccygeal 尾的cochlear duct 蜗管cochlear 迷路cochleostapedial reflex 镫骨肌反射coenzyme A 辅酶-Acoffin formation 柩状形成(神经细胞被吞噬)cogwheel rigidity 齿轮样强直Cohnheim's areas 孔海姆区(肌原纤维的多边形暗区)coiling reflex 蟠曲反射collateral eminence 侧副隆起collateral suleus 侧副沟collateral trigone 侧副三角Collet-Sicard syndrome 颅底综合征colliculocochleunuclear projection 下丘蜗核投射colliculo-olivary projection 下丘上橄榄投射colliculus 丘coma 昏迷comatose 昏迷commissure of inferior colliculus 下丘连合commissure 连合communicating hydrocephalus交通性脑积水compensate代偿compound microscope 复式显微镜compression of the brain 脑受压compression 压迫concha of cranium 颅盖concussion of brain 脑震荡concussion of spinal cord 脊髓震荡concussional 震荡Cone test 脑脊液动力检查confluence of sinus 窦汇congenital myopathy 先天性肌病congenital 先天性congruous hemianopia 同侧偏盲conjugate 共轭conjunctival reflex 结膜反射consciousness 意识consensual reflex 间接光反射consensual 间接constipation 便秘constitutional 原发性contraiadicate 禁忌contralateral 对侧contrecoup injury 对冲性损害contusion of spinal cord 脊髓挫伤contusion 挫伤conus medullaris 圆锥(脊髓)convalescent 恢复convergence defect 会聚障碍convergence spasm 会聚痉挛conversion hysteria 转换性癔病convuision 惊厥coordination 协调coprolalia 秽语症cornea 角膜corneal reflex 角膜反射cornucopia 外侧隐窝(第四脑室)corona radiation 辐射冠coronal 冠状的corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus Luysi 路易斯氏体corpus quadrigemina 四叠体corpus straitum 纹状体corssed hemianopia 异侧偏盲cortex 皮质Corti's arch 蜗螺旋神经节corticectomy 脑皮层切除术cortico- olivary fibers 皮质橄榄纤维corticobulbar tract 皮质脑干束corticocerebral 大脑皮层的corticocollicular projection 皮质下丘投射corticonuclear tract 皮质核束corticopontine tract 皮质脑桥束corticoreticular fibers 皮质网状纤维corticostriatal fibers 皮质纹状体纤维cortico-striato-spinal degeneration 皮质－纹状体－脊髓变性corticothalamic fibers 皮质丘脑纤维cortitectal fibers 皮质顶盖纤维cortival venous thrombophlebitis 皮质静脉血栓性静脉炎cough syncope 咳嗽晕厥coxsackie virus 柯萨奇病毒cramp 痛性痉挛cranial fontanel 颅囟cranial neuralgia 脑神经痛cranical meningocele 脑膜膨出craniectomy 颅骨切除术craniocele 脑膨出craniopharyngioma 颅咽管瘤craniopuncture 颅穿刺术craniorachischisis 颅脊柱裂cranioschisis 颅裂craniosclerosis 颅骨硬化craniostenosis 颅狭小craniostosis 颅缝骨化craniosynostosis 颅骨早期融合craniosynostosis 颅缝早闭craniotabes 颅骨软化craniotome 开颅器craniotomy 颅骨切开术craniotonoscopy 颅叩听诊法craniotopography 颅脑局部解剖学craniotrympanic 颅骨环锯术creatine kinase 肌酸激酶cremasteric reflex 提睾反射cretinism 呆小病Creutzfeld-Jacob disease 海绵状脑病cribriform 筛板cricothyroid 环甲crista ampullaris 壶腹嵴crossed paralysis 交*性瘫痪cross-legged progression 交*步态Crouzon syndrome 颅骨纤维结构不良综合征crucifixion attitude 十字架姿势(癔症性癫痫) cryptocalcarine gyrus 距状隐回cryptococcal 隐球菌的cryptogenic 原因不明cryptoglioma 隐期神经胶质瘤cryptoneurous 隐性神经系统的CSF-brain barrier 脑脊液脑屏障CSOM: chronic suppurative otitis media 慢性化脓性中耳炎culmen 山顶(小脑)cuneatocerebellar fibers 楔小脑纤维cuneocerebellar tract 楔小脑束Cushing disease 柯兴病cutancous 皮肤的cyanosis发绀cyclandelate 环扁桃酯cyclizine 苯甲嗪cyclobarbital 环巴比妥cyclohexanehexol 肌醇cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺cycloserine 环丝氨酸cyclosprine 环孢菌素cycrimine 环戊丙醇cylindraxile 轴突cystic medial necrosis 囊性中央坏死cysticercosis 囊虫病cytarabine 阿糖胞苷cytidine diphosphate 胞二磷胆碱cytomegalovirus 巨细胞病毒cytopathy 细胞变性cytoplasmic glia 原浆性神经胶质细胞cytosine 胞嘧啶DDaCosta's disease 神经性循环衰弱dancing spasm 痉跳病Dandy-Walker syndrome 第四脑室闭锁综合征dapsome 氨苯砜dark degeneration 暗变性dark-field microscope 暗视野显微镜Darkshevich's fibers 达克谢维奇纤维Darkshevich'snucleus 达克谢维奇核(在中脑水管和第三脑室交界处) Daubenton's angle 多邦通角(枕角)Daubenton's line 多邦通线(由颅后点至颅底点的线)Daubenton's plane 多邦通平面(通过颅后点及眶下缘的平面) deafferentate 传入神经阻滞decerebrate rigidity 去大脑僵直decerebrate 去大脑declive 山坡(小脑)decorticate rigidity去皮层强直decubitus褥疮decussation of medial lemniscus 内侧丘系交*decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚交* decussation 交*deformity 畸形degeneration 变性Dejerine onion skin syndrome 代热林洋葱皮样综合征Dejerine's sign 代热林征(腹压加大时神经根炎症状加重)Dejerine's syndrome 代热林综合征Dejerine-Klumpke paralysis 下臂丛麻痹Dejerine-Landouzy dystrophy 代热林-兰杜茨营养不良Dejerine-Roussy syndrome 丘脑综合征Dejerine-Sottas syndrome 肥大性间质性多发性神经病delirium 谵妄delusion 妄想dementia 痴呆demyelinating 脱髓鞘dendritic spine 树突棘dendro-axonic synapse 树-轴突触dendro-dendrite synapse 树-树突触dendron 树突dendrophagocytosis 噬胞突作用dendro-somatic synapse 树-体突触denervation 去神经支配Denny-Brown neuropathy 遗传性感觉神经根神经病dentata 枢椎dentate gyrus 齿状回dentato rubral atrophy 齿状核红核萎缩deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) 脱氧核糖核酸deprenyl 盐酸司立吉林depressor center 减压中枢Dercum disease 痛性肥胖症derencephalocele 颈椎脑突出dermatomal 皮区dermatomyositis 皮肌炎dermoid cyst 皮样囊肿descending pathway in auditory system 听觉系的下行通路desipramine 去甲丙咪嗪desoxyphenobarbital 扑痫酮deviation 偏瘫Devic disease 视神经脊髓炎dexamethasone 地塞米松dextran-40 低分子右旋糖酐dextren sulfate 糖酐酯dextroamphetamine 右旋苯异丙胺diabetes insipidus 尿崩症diabetic amyotrophy 糖尿病性肌萎缩diabetic coma 糖尿病性昏迷diabetic neuritis 糖尿病性神经炎diacele 第三脑室diaclast 穿颅器diadochokinesia 轮替运动diagonal bundle 斜角带Diamox 乙酰唑胺diaphragma sellae 鞍隔diastematocrania 颅纵裂diastematomyelia 脊髓纵裂diataxia 两侧共济失调diazaepam 安定diazoxide 氯苯甲噻二嗪dicoumarin 双香豆素diencephalon 间脑diethylstilbestrol 乙烯雌酚difenidol 眩晕停diffuse sclerosis 弥漫性硬化dihydroergotoxin 氢化麦角碱dilated 扩张diltiazem 地尔硫dimeflin 回苏灵diphtheria 白喉diplegia 双侧瘫痪diploe 板障diplomyelia 脊髓纵裂diplopia 复视dipyridamole 潘生丁discobolus attitude 掷铁饼姿势(半规管受刺激) disequilibrium平衡不稳disorded action of the heart 神经性循环衰弱disorientation 定向障碍disseminated sclerosis 播散性硬化dissociated sensory loss 分离性感觉丧失distal muscular dystrophy 远端肌营养不良症disulphiram 戒酒硫disuse handicap 废用性缺陷dizziness 眩晕dlo-tocopherol nicatinate 烟酸生育酚酯dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺dogmatil 硫苯酰胺dominant hemisphere 优势半球dopaminergic pathway 中脑多巴胺能通路Dorsal disc prolapse 椎间盘突出症dorsal intermedian suleus 后中间沟dorsal longitudinal fasciculus 背侧纵束dorsal median suleus 后正中沟dorsal thalamus 背侧丘脑dorsal 背侧dorsiflexion 背屈Down syndrome 唐综合征Dowson encephalitis 亚急性包涵体脑炎doxepine 多虑平doxycycline 强力霉素dramamine 茶苯海明dribbling流涎drop seizure跌倒发作drowsy 瞌睡drunken gait 酒醉步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy 杜兴氏肌营养不良Duchenne-Erb paralysis 杜-欧麻痹dura mater 硬膜duxil 都可喜dwarfism 侏儒症dysantigraphia 抄写不能dysaphia 触觉障碍dysaptation 眼调节不良dysarthria 构音困难dysaudia 听力障碍dysautonomia 家族性自主神经机能异常dysbasia 步行障碍dyscalculia 计算困难dyschiasia 定位觉障碍dyschiria 左右感觉障碍dyschronism 定时障碍dyscoimesis 睡眠障碍dyscoria 瞳孔反应异常dysdiadochokinesia 轮替运动障碍dysequilibrium 平衡失调dysergasia 整体反应障碍dysergia 传出性共济失调dysesthesia 感觉障碍dysgrammatism 语法错乱dysgraphia 书写困难dyskinesias 动作障碍dyslalia 言语障碍dyslexia 诵读障碍dyslexic 阅读不能dysmnesia 记忆障碍dysmyotonia 肌张力障碍dysopia 视觉障碍dysosmia 嗅觉障碍dysphgia 吞咽障碍dysphonia 发音困难dysphrasia 言语困难dysphrenia 精神障碍dyspnoea 呼吸障碍dysponesis 皮层运动区活动障碍dyspraxia 运用障碍dysrhaphia 神经管闭合不全dysrhaphism 脊柱裂dysrythmia 节律障碍dysstasia 起立困难dyssynergia 肌协同失调dyssynergia 协同障碍dystaxia 共济失调dystects 神经管闭合不全dystonia musculorum deformans 变形性肌张力障碍dystonia 肌张力障碍dystrophia myotonica 肌营养不良性肌强直症dystrophy 肌营养不良 EEaton-Lambert myasthenic syndrome 重症肌无力综合征echinococcus 绦虫病Echo virus 埃可病毒echoencephalogram 脑超声图echylnandrol 乙基雌烯醇Ecker's fissure 枕横沟ectethmoid 筛骨外侧部ectoglia 外神经胶质ectopia 异位ectorhinal area 嗅外区Edinger's law 埃丁格尔定律edrophonium 腾喜龙effector in viscers 内脏效应器effector, motor ending 效应器efferent 传出eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA 二十碳五烯酸Eimer's organ 埃米尔氏器Elanolz's bodies 埃尔兹霍兹体(有髓神经纤维变性小体) elastase 弹性酶electrical synapse 电突触electroconvulsive therapy 电惊厥疗法electrocorticography 脑皮层电图electroencephalography 脑电图electroencephaloscope 脑电镜electrolyte 电解质electromyography 肌电图electron microscope 电子显微镜electroneurography 神经电图electronystagmography 眼震电图electro-oculogram 眼电图electrophoresis 电泳electroplexy 电休克electroretinogram 视网膜电图electrospinogram 脊髓电图elicited 引出emboli 栓子ement 充血emepronine 乙基二甲二苯溴丙胺eminence 隆起empty sella syndrome 空蝶鞍综合征encephalitis lethargica 昏睡性脑炎encephalitis 脑炎encephalitogenic 致脑炎的Encephalitozoon rabiei 内格里小体(狂犬病包涵体) encephalization 脑形成encephalo-arteriography 脑动脉造影术encephalocele 颅腔encephaloclastic 脑损害的encephalocystocele 积水性脑突出encephalodialysis 脑软化encephalodysplasia 脑发育异常encephalogram 脑造影照片encephalography 脑照相术encephaloid 髓样瘤encephalolith 脑石encephaloma 脑瘤encephalomalacia脑软化encephalomeningitis 脑膜脑炎encephalomeningocele脑脑膜膨出encephalomeningopathy 脑脑膜病encephalomere 脑节encephalomyelitis 脑脊髓炎encephalomyeloneurophy 脑脊髓神经病encephalomyelopathy 脑脊髓病encephalomyeloradiculitis 脑脊髓神经根炎encephalomyeloradiculoneuritis 脑脊髓神经根神经炎encephalomyeloradiculopathy 脑脊髓脊神经根病encephalomyocarditis 脑心肌炎encephalonarcosis 脑病性木僵encephalopathy 脑病encephalopuncture 脑穿刺术encephalopyosis 脑脓肿encephaloradiculitis 脑脊神经根炎encephalorrhagia 脑出血encephalosclerosis 脑硬化encephaloscope 窥脑镜encephalosepsis 脑坏疽encephalosis 器质性脑病encephalothlipsis 脑受压encephalotome 脑刀encephalotomy 脑切开术encephlometer 脑域测定器encephocele 脑膨出end-bulb neuroma 神经断端神经瘤endocrinological 内分泌endolymph 内淋巴endoneurium 神经内膜endoperineuritis 神经束膜内膜炎end-position nystagmus 极端位注视性眼球震颤。
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Slender fasciculus 楔束 Wedge-shaped fasciculus 后脑 Metencephalon 髓脑 Myelencephalon 延髓 Medulla oblongata 后正中沟 Posterior median sulcus 前正中裂 Anterior median fissure 锥体 Pyramid 锥体交叉 Decussation of pyramid 前外侧沟 Anterolateral sulcus 后外侧沟 Posterolateral sulcus 橄榄体 Olive 绳状体 Restiform body 侧索 Lateral funiculus 楔结节 Cuneate tubercle 棒状体 Nuclei gracilis 外弓状纤维 External arcuate fibers 延髓的断面 Sections of medullae oblongatae 缝际 Raphe
Posterior funiculus 脊髓断面 Sections of spinal cord 中央管 Central canal 灰质 Gray matter 灰质柱 Gray column 前柱 Anterior column 侧柱 Lateral column 后柱 Posterior column 前角 Anterior horn 侧角 Lateral horn 后角 Posterior horn 后尖角 Tip of posterior horn 中间灰质中央部 Centre of intermediate gray matter 中间灰质外侧部 Lateral portion of intermediate gray matter 胶状质 Gelatinous substance 背核 Dorsal nucleus 网状结构 Raticular formation 白质 White matter 白质前连合
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Cerebellar gyri 小脑裂 Cerebellar fissure 小脑谷 Cerebellar crevice 水平裂 Horizontal fissure 首裂 Primary fissure 次裂 Seconary fissure 后外侧裂 Posterolateral fissure 蚓部 Vermis 小脑舌 Cerebellar lingula 中央小叶 Central lobule 山顶 Culmen 山坡 Declive 蚓小叶 Folium of vermis 蚓结节 Tuber of vermis 蚓锥 Pyramid of vermis 蚓垂 Uvula of vermis 蚓小结 Nodule 小脑半球 Cerebellar hemisphere 中央叶翼 Wing of central lobule 方叶
Quadrangular lobule 简单小叶 Simple lobule 上半月叶 Superior semilunar lobule 下半月叶 Inferior semilunar lobule 髓母细胞瘤 Medulloblastoma 室管膜瘤 Ependymoma 少枝胶质瘤 Oligodendroglioma 脑膜瘤 Meningioma 难染性腺瘤 Chromophobe adenoma 嗜酸性腺瘤 Eosinophil adenoma 颅咽管瘤 Craniopharyngioma 神经瘤 Neuroma 听神经瘤 Acoustic tumours 血管母细胞瘤 Haemangioblastoma 恶性的 Malignant 奇异现象 Paradox 松果体瘤 Pineal tumour 分流 Short-Circuiting procedures 预后"pdfFactory Pro" 试用版本创建
萎脑被盖 Tegmentum rhombencephali 舌下神经核 Hypoglossal nucleus 疑核 Nucleus ambiguus 迷走神经背核 Dorsal nucleus of vagus 闰核 Intercalary nucleus 孤束 Tractus solitarius 孤束核 Solitary nucleus 舌咽神经背核 Dorsal nucleus of glossopharyngeal n. 三叉神经脊髓束 Spinal tract of trigeminal n. 三叉神经脊髓束核 Nucleus of the spinal tract of trigeminal n. 薄束核 Nucleus gracilis 楔束核 Nucleus of cuneatus 侧索核 Lateral nucleus 外侧楔核 Latera cuneatus nucleus 橄榄核 Inferior olivary nucleus 橄榄核门 Hilus of olivary nucleus 内侧副橄榄核 Medial accessory olivary nucleus
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Congenital tumour 神经胶质增生 Gliosis 脓肿 Abscess 蛛网膜下腔出血 Subarachnoid haemorrhage 退行发育,间变 Anaplasia 活检 Biopsy 形成因素 Causatire factor 头皮瘢迹 Scalp Scar 不可达到的 Inaccessible 缓和 Remission 癌瘤 Carcinomatosis 畸胎瘤 Teratoma 上皮样成分 Epithelial elements 胆脂瘤 Cholesteatoma 珍珠瘤 Pearly tumours 上皮样囊肿 Epidermoids cyst 脊索瘤 Cordoma 姑息的方法 Palliative procedures 降低脑压 Reducing brain tension 控制呼吸
Metencephalon 脑桥 Pons 基底沟 Basilar sulcus 小脑中脚 Middle cerebellar peduncle 脑桥背部 Dorsal portion of pons 外展神经核 Nucleus of abducent n. 三叉神经运动核 Motor nucleus of trigeminal n. 三叉神经感觉主核 Sensory nucleus of trigeminal n. 三叉神经中脑核 Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal n. 三叉神经脊髓束 Spinal tract of trigeminal n. 面神经核 Facial nucleus 面神经膝 Genu of facial n. 位听神经核 Nucleus of vestibulocochlear n. 耳蜗腹核、背核 Ventral and dorsal cochlear nucleus 前庭神经核 Vestibular nucleus 小脑 Cerebellum 小脑回
神经专业词汇
Tape 1 Side A
中枢神经系 Central nervous system 脊髓 Spinal cord 颈段 Cervical segment 颈膨大 Cervical enlargement 胸段 Thoracic segment 腰(骶)段 Lumbar segment 腰膨大 Lumbar enlargement 脊髓圆锥 Medullary cone 终丝 Terminal thread 终室 Terminal ventricle 前正中裂 Anterior median fissure 后正中沟 Posterior median sulcus 后外侧沟 Posterolateral sulcus 后中间沟 Posterior intermediate sulcus 脊髓索 Funiculi of spinal cord 前索 Anterior funiculus 侧索 Lateral funiculus 后索
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Anterior white commissure 前索 Anterior funiculus 锥体前束 Anterior pyramidal (corticospinal) tract 前庭脊髓束 Vestibulospinal tract 脊髓丘脑前束 Ventral spinothalamic tract 固有束 Proper bundle 侧索 Lateral funiculus 锥体侧束 Lateral pyramidal (corticospinal) tract 脊髓小脑前束 Ventral spinocerebellar tract 脊髓小脑后束 Dorsal spinocerebellar tract 脊髓顶盖束 Spinotectal tract 顶盖脊髓束 Tectospinal tract 脊髓丘脑侧束 Lateral spinothalamic tract 网状脊髓束 Reticulospinal tract 红核脊髓束 Rubrospinal tract 后外侧束 Dorsolateral fasciculus 后索 Dorsal funiculus 薄束
背侧副橄榄核 Dorsal accessory olivary nucleus 弓状核 Arcuate nucleus 内弓状纤维 Internal arcuate fibers 网状结构 Reticular formation 内侧纵束 Medial longitudinal fasciculus 背侧纵束 Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus 丘系交叉 Decussation of lemniscus 内侧丘系 Medial lemniscus 橄榄小脑束 Olivocerebellar tract 锥体束 Pyramidal tract 皮质脑神经核束 Corticonuclear tract 皮质脊髓束 Corticospinal tract 第4脑室 Fourth ventricle 菱形窝 Rhomboid fossa 正中沟 Median sulcus 外侧隐窝 Lateral recess 界沟 Limiting groove 下窝