14套托福模板
托福口语考试14大核心话题及模板汇总
托福口语考试14大核心话题及模板汇总托福口语考试14大核心话题及模板汇总,帮助大家在短时间内组织语言轻松应考!1. 性格(A-Z,准备“万能品格”)I like honest people because they are easier to deal with. They open their heart to you, you feel safe to confide your problems to them, and they always offer their true opinion for your good。
The person who I admire should be good tempered. They hardly get annoyed and they smile to everybody. I is easy for them to forgive others。
2. 美丽山水—地点题XX is a full of breathtaking views. There’re verdant trees, blooming flowers and carpets of green grass. Take a casual walk, start some sweet chat and fresh air will get us refreshed. roam on the sidewalk, watch the water ripples in the lake, frolic near the artificial hill, sit on bench and enjoy the cool in summerI can relax myself, and breath the flesh air or clear my mind。
3. 放松(忘记烦恼/ 减轻压力)xxx serves as a great stress reducer for me. No matter how stressed I am, I will feel much, much better if I stay in the park, breathing that fresh air and enjoying that beautiful scenery。
托福TPO14口语Task2题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福,为大家带来托福TPO14口语Task2题目+满分范文,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO14独立口语Task2题目: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One of the best ways to learn is by making mistakes. Use specific examples and details to support your opinion. 托福TPO14独立口语Task2满分范文: I totally agree with this statement that making mistakes is one of the best ways to learn. Through mistakes, we can learn what we don’t understand. After understanding the things we don’t know previously, we improve. Like in high school I had difficulty solving math problems. But I always remembered the problems I couldn’t solve. After asking teachers and discussing with classmates, I could work out these problems easily. Then I improved. Also, sometimes making a mistake is like learning a lesson. When I first went to a western restaurant, I directly went in to find empty seats. Fortunately, my American friend pulled me back and told me that I should wait until a waiter comes by and takes me to the seats. I make a mistake but I gained knowledge. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO14口语Task2题目+满分范文,希望对你有所帮助!。
托福综合作文模板英语
托福综合作文模板英语英文回答:TOEFL Independent Writing Template。
Introduction。
Begin with a hook statement to capture the reader's attention.State the topic and your overall opinion on it in one sentence.Body Paragraph 1。
Topic sentence: State one reason for your opinion.Supporting evidence: Provide specific details, examples, or research to support your reason.Analysis: Explain how the evidence supports yourreason and strengthens your overall argument.Body Paragraph 2。
Topic sentence: State a second reason for your opinion.Supporting evidence: Provide specific details, examples, or research to support your reason.Analysis: Explain how the evidence supports yourreason and strengthens your overall argument.Body Paragraph 3 (Optional)。
Topic sentence: Offer an opposing viewpoint andaddress it.Evidence and analysis: Provide evidence and analysisto demonstrate why the opposing viewpoint is not valid or less convincing than your own.Conclusion。
2019年托福口语:TPO14口语Task3题目及参考答案
2019年托福口语:TPO14口语Task3题目及参考答案TPO14口语Task3题目:PassageUniversity Should Allow Eating in ClassCurrently, there is a university-wide policy that prohibits eating in the classroom. I disagree with this policy. I think students should be allowed to eat in class. This change would be good for two reasons. For one thing, if students were permitted to eat, they would be able to concentrate better, because students often get hungry during long classes, and hunger makes it difficult to concentrate. Also, if food were allowed in classroom, it would be possible for us to have in-class parties on the last day of class –with snack foods and beverages – to celebrate the end of each semester.Sincerely,Nancy MyersConversationNow listen to two students discussing the letter.Woman: Did you see this letter, Jen?Man: Yeah.Woman: Be kind of nice to do that, huh?Man:No, actually, I don’t think it’s a good idea.Woman: Why not?Man:Well, like the part about how it’ll help students concentrate, I mean, maybe a little snack will help theperson who ’s eating it, but, the trouble is that it ma kesit hard for everyone else to concentrate cause they have to listen to someone munching on chips, or biting into an apple, or crinkling paper wrappers.Woman: I guess it can be kind of disruptive.Man:Yeah! It will interfere with everyone’sconcent ration. You wouldn’t be able to pay attention withall the noises going on.Woman: OK, I guess I will have to agree with you on that, but what about her other reason? It would be nice to be ableto have some fun at the end of the semester, right?Man:No, there’s a problem with that, too.Woman: Why?Man:Well, I don’t think it’s appropriate to use class time for that kind of thing. I mean, the last class isusually pretty important, that’s when we do a lot ofreviewing for final exams.Woman: True!Man: If we use that time for that, we probably wouldn't have time to do as much reviewing, which means we wouldn't be as well prepared for exams.Woman:Yeah, I haven’t thought of that.QuestionThe man expresses his opinion about the proposal in the newspaper. Briefly summarize the proposal, then state the man’s opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.Key Points1. hunger2. partiesTPO14口语Task3参考答案(范文模板):The man doesn’t agree with the letter’s proposal to allow students to eat in class. According to the letter, students can get really hungry during long classes, so eating in class would help students concentrate better cos they wouldn’t get so hungry dur ing those classes, but the man says it would be distracting to other students having to listen to all the chewing and noise going on during class. The letter also notes that if eating in class were allowed, it would enable classes to have “in-class” partie s at the end of each semester as a way to celebrate the end of the term, but the man points out that it wouldn’t be a good idea to have parties at the end of the term cos that’s when students are preparing for their finals and if they’re partying instead o f reviewing, they most likely won’t do as well on their finals.。
托福英语综合作文模板
托福英语综合作文模板英文回答:Integrated Writing Task Template。
Step 1: Read the prompt carefully。
Identify the question or topic that the prompt asksyou to address.Note any specific instructions or requirementsprovided in the prompt.Step 2: Analyze the source text。
Determine the main point or purpose of the source text.Identify the key arguments, evidence, and examples presented in the text.Consider the author's perspective and tone.Step 3: Develop a thesis statement。
Formulate a clear and concise statement that expresses your position on the topic.Ensure that your thesis statement is supported by evidence from the source text.Step 4: Organize your response。
Divide your response into logical paragraphs that support your thesis statement.Use topic sentences to introduce each paragraph and provide a smooth transition between ideas.Step 5: Write your response。
新托福十四套独立写作模板
新托福十四套独立写作模板模板一 A or BDepending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile others prefer to B, from my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.The main reason for my propensity for A isthat___________________________. 就理由进行解释_____________________. For instance,____________________Another reason can be seen by every one isthat____________________________. 就理由进行解释___________________. For example,____________________ The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantagebecause_____________________________ Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Such as________________.In a word,________________________________________________.So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A.模板二 A or B将原题复述___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B, quite a few would deem that______________________, but others, in contrast, believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence -A/-B, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity of _________is that___________________ The second reason can be seen by every personthat________. In addition, these reason are also usable when we consider that_________.There are some disadvantages in____________________另一种观点的缺点__________.In a word, _____________重复观点句并缩写理由__________________.Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that___________.模板三单一命题式The answer of this statement depends on your own experience and life style. In my point view, buying computers is as important as, if not more important than, buying books. So it is sagacious to ____________.Among countless factors which influence the choice, these are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity for __________is that____________.Another reason can be seen by every person isthat________________.Furthermore, ______________. Inshort,_________________复述前文中的理由______________.模板四agree or disagreeSome people argue as if it is a general truth that a _____________________________.But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. There are numerous reasons why I hold no confidence on them, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant o the basic fact that______________解释本段中心___________.Another reason why I disagree with the above statement is that I believe that______________.What is more, some students are interestedin____________. In a word, ________________.模板五 A or BSome people prefer to A. others believe B. When faced with the decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that______________, but others, in contrast , deem A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. There are numerous reasons why___________, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here. The main reason why I agree with the above statement, however, is that________________. Take___________as example, ______________.There is another factor that deserves some words here. Such as________________.Similarly, these reasons are also usable when we considerthat______________. (examples:___________).From the above you might got idea that Iagree______________.(repeat the above three reason____________).So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to_______________.模板六 Agree or disagreeSome people prefer to A, others believe B, Nowadays some may hold the opinion that ________________, but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree/disagree that_______________. MY arguments for this point are listed as follows.One of the primary causes is that_______________________.Examples_______________. But there is a further more subtle point we must consider. Examples.What is more_______________. Examples___________General speaking, __________. Recognizing the fact that _______________should drive us to conclude that______________.模板七 A or BIn my point of view, A is as important as, if not more important than B. So it is sagacious to choose A. Among count less factorswhich influence A. there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The above point is certainly true if A is considered. For example,___________________Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that A is better than B. For instance,_______________It would probably not be too kindly disposed to the idea that B is not important . B________也好_________.In a word, to choose A or B is something of a dilemma to the public because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B, and neglect hte genuinely good aspects of A. For the reasons presented above, I strongly commit to the notion that A, but not B.模板八 A or BWhen faced with the decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that A, but others, in contrast, deem B as the premier choice and that is also my point. This quite different view is based on the propensity of following points.We may look into every possible reason, however, fore most reason for B is ____________________. For example, ______________.Also, ________________________.This is arbitray to judge B according only to the excuse I mentioned in the above paragraph.Similarly, these reasons are also usable when we consider that________________.Admittedly, __________________A也有好的地方______________.By he same token, however, ______________B更好____________.Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that_____________.模板九 A or BWhen it comes to______________, Nevertheless, in my part, I prefer A rather than B as my inclination. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.I agree with the statement that _________without reservation since___________.Naturally ___________.It can be given a concrete example__________.A more essential factor why I advocate the argument of __________is that. Obviously ________________.Take the case of a thing that____________.Furthermore, what is worth noticing fact is that________________. This demonstrates the undeniable factthat__________________.Of course, choosing B also has advantages to some extent,_______________此处论述B的1-2优点___________.But if all thesefactors are contemplated, the advantages of A carry more weight than those of B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that_____________.模板十 A or B____________改写并复述题目____________. There may be by one or two disadvantages to ___________________; however, I believe that there are far more advantages. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.First of all, perhaps one disadvantages to ____________is that ______________.For instance, ____________. Another drawback to_____________involves the possibility that____________. For example, ____________.Even though there may be one or two disadvantagesto____________, the advantages far outweigh them. The main reason for my propensity for __________is that _________. For example_____________.Another reason for my inclination for _____________ is that _________________. For example, _________________.In a word, in spite of the fact that there may be a couple of disadvantages to _____________, I feel that the advantages are more obvious___________.重复优点__________.Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that _____________.模板十一 A or B____________改写并复述题目____________.The advantagesof B carry more weight than those of A. There are numerous reasons why __________, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here One of the primary cause is that_______________________.What is also worth noticing fact isthat_____________________.Furthermore, ________________________.Although I agree that there may be couple of disadvantages to _________________.I fell that the advantages are moreobvious_____________._______________, Given the factors I have just outlined, I can only say that___________________.模板十二 A or B____________改写并复述题目____________.When faced withe decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that ___________, but others, in contrast, deem A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence _________, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity for ________________ is that _____________.Another reason can be seen by every person isthat___________________.The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because ________________________.In a word, ___________________. Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ____________________. 模板十三 A or BFrom my point of view, it is advisable to choose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.The main reason for my propensity for____________________ is that ________________.There is another factor that deserves some words here. In a word, ________________________. While it is true that the argument, I disagree hold a little bit of water, I think_______________.模板十四 agree or disagreeNowadays, some may hold the opinion that____________________. But others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree that ____________. My arguments for this point are listed as follows. I agree with the statement that______________________without reservation since ________________.Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that________________.In a word,_________________________. Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that__________.。
托福TPO14口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福,为大家带来托福TPO14口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文,希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO14口语Task3阅读文本: University Should Allow Eating in Class Currently, there is a university-wide policy that prohibits eating in the classroom. I disagree with this policy. I think students should be allowed to eat in class. This change would be good for two reasons. For one thing, if students were permitted to eat, they would be able to concentrate better, because students often get hungry during long classes, and hunger makes it difficult to concentrate. Also, if food were allowed in classroom, it would be possible for us to have in-class parties on the last day of class – with snack foods and beverages – to celebrate the end of each semester. Sincerely, Nancy Myers 托福TPO14口语Task3听力文本: Now listen to two students discussing the letter. (woman) Did you see this letter, Jen? (man) Yeah. (woman) Be kind of nice to do that, huh? (man) No, actually, I don't think it's a good idea. (woman) Why not? (man) Well, like the part about how it'll help students concentrate, I mean, maybe a little snack will help the person who's eating it, but, the trouble is that it makes it hard for everyone else to concentrate cause they have to listen to someone munching on chips, or biting into an apple, or crinkling paper wrappers. (woman) I guess it can be kind of disruptive. (man) Yeah! It will interfere with everyone's concentration. You wouldn't be able to pay attention with all the noises going on. (woman) OK, I guess I will have to agree with you on that, but what about her other reason? It would be nice to be able to have some fun at the end of the semester, right? (man) No, there's a problem with that, too. (woman) Why? (man) Well, I don’t think it’s appropriate to use class time for that kind of thing. I mean, the last class is usually pretty important, that’s when we do a lot of reviewing for final exams. (woman) True! (man) If we use that time for that, we probably wouldn't have time to do as much reviewing, which means we wouldn't be as well prepared for exams. (woman) Yeah, I haven’t thought of that. 托福TPO14口语Task3题目: The man expresses his opinion about the proposal in the newspaper. Briefly summarize the proposal, then state the man’s opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion. 托福TPO14口语Task3满分范文: Well, the proposal says that the students should be allowed to eat in their classrooms for two reasons: first eating in the classroom will help students concentrate, and second people could take food to the classroom for a party on the last day of class. However the man disagrees with the proposal for two main reasons. For one thing, he holds the opinion that eating in the classroom will be so distracting that students just won't get concentrated at all while listening to the munching, biting, or crinkling around. He thinks eating in the classroom is indeed bothering for the students who needs concentration. Also, he argues that students won't have time for the in-class party since the last class is usually important and they couldn't afford to waste time parting instead of getting ready for the finals. So the man disagrees with the proposal. (145 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO14口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文,希望对你有所帮助!。
托福听力真题与解析
托福听力真题与解析lecture1.animal grooming2.physical ecology3.静物绘画4.历史上飞机场的建造5.发展心理学小孩心理发展的四个阶段6.艺术史中国青铜器7.earth science8.黄金比例 1.69.物理10.art history11.English literature12.urban planning13.美索不达米亚地区和埃及两种城市化的对比14.青蛙叫15.deer management16.天文学 the death of star17.文艺复兴艺术家赞助商客户conversation1.女生问一个管理员他们的电影社需要的东西,管理员说他不负责这个,但是可以帮她宣传,然后女生就在说自己的电影社2.男生去找自己的anthropology教授3.学生要改善自己的住宿环境4.学生询问作业的选题5.honey bees新托福听力题完整版第一套:Conversation1-论文-选题-English Literature学生提到写罗宾汉Robin Hood。
Conversation2-宿舍-改善住宿环境两个建议:在新造的停车场与宿舍之间种树,改善房屋的保温效果。
Lecture1-物理学-布朗运动(旧题=2016.10.15)布朗运动和random motion。
科学家希望将布朗运动应用到工业上,但是因为particle运动是很难控制的,然后提到了难以控制的原因,而且说这种原因学生们肯定已经知道了,然后说到运用bacteria会更好地控制他们向同一个方向运动,而且可以通过控制氧气的浓度来控制bacteria运动的速度。
Lecture2-艺术史-中国青铜器【此篇对于中国学生来说送分】中国青铜器的鼎盛年代(小黑板:Shang Dynasty Zhou Dynasty),特点:帝王和贵族使用,用于religious ritual,普通人喝水什么的用陶器,青铜器比同时期希腊的好得多,上面有复杂的雕饰。
托福作文答题格式模板
托福作文答题格式模板一、Introduction。
1. Background information about the topic。
2. Thesis statement。
二、Body。
1. Topic sentence for first supporting point。
a. Explanation。
b. Example。
c. Transition to next supporting point。
2. Topic sentence for second supporting point。
a. Explanation。
b. Example。
c. Transition to next supporting point。
3. Topic sentence for third supporting point。
a. Explanation。
b. Example。
c. Transition to next supporting point。
三、Conclusion。
1. Restate thesis statement。
2. Summarize main points。
3. Concluding thought or call to action。
Now let's use this template to write an essay on the topic of "Should students be required to wear school uniforms?"Introduction。
In recent years, the issue of whether students should be required to wear school uniforms has become a topic of debate. Proponents argue that uniforms promote a sense of unity and equality among students, while opponents believe that they restrict students' freedom of expression. This essay will explore the reasons why students should or should not be required to wear school uniforms.Body。
TOEFL-托福-口语模板-大集合!!!
第1题材料Improve score1.Uncertain problems are faced, ask questions until the problems are fully resolved.2.Preview before class, keep up the pace with, would know what questions he needs to paymore attention.3.Take notes in class, review the topics that have been discussed in the class.Living standard1.high-speed railway that shortens the geographical distance. The internet that changed everyaspects in people’s life.e of chemicals, pollutions, a larger gap between the rich and the poor.Characteristic / Interview1.Check some tips on the InternetHow to greet the interviewer / The appropriate gesture / Eye contact (Polite), then practice them in front of the mirror. (Confident: when someone believes in himself, others will do so as well.)2.Conduct a simulation with parents and friends. (the ability to absorb experiences andknowledge)Professor as a career1.Students are the future of a country; professors undertake this meaningful responsibility tofoster useful talent and prepare them for the entry to society.cation draws a lot of attentions from people of different levels because it will have a greatimpact on the development of the student’s intelligence…3.Final but one of the most important stages in our academic. Preparing us with the knowledgeand s kills for…Use money1.Travel around the world and do what you dream to do2.Donate some to charities3.To learn how to manage the money, as the same meaning of how to invest the moneyDecision: Study abroad1.I w asn’t sure, popular choice, idea on my mind. Discuss with friend and consider. He told mehis experience: what he learned abroad was more applicable and helpful. University opened up his mind and encouraged innovation and creativity. Universities give students the best technology and tools to help make their dreams come true. This influences me a lot because I want to learn something useful in engineering.2.Allow me to travel to places I love to3.Improve our proficiency in whatever language the country speaks.The favorite place in your town / When you are away from home, what do you miss most /The place you would like to go with your friends./ What’s your favorite park or public area/what do you do to relax yourselfMy hometown is Foshan, a middle-sized city in Guangdong, as well as the southern part of China. It is comfortable living there most important of all. The air is clean there for the city is not densely-populated and does not have many heavy industries. In addition, the transportation is very convenient. It’s just 45 minutes’ drive from Guangzhou and 2 hours’ drive from Shenzhen. Besides, the people are well educated and are always kind to other people. My hometown is getting bigger and bigger and it has become a lot more modern than it used to be. There are a lot of new buildings and the roads are much wider than they used to be.Famous peopleThe person I would like to talk about who worked hard to achieve something is the famous Chinese director Zhang Yimou. He puts a lot of effort into making his films artistic and realistic. Sometimes he took chances and made some adventurous films. For example, in 1987, he directed Red Sorghum and took a chance with the story, which was a bit controversial, and he also used an unknown actress at the time named Gong Li. He then went on to produce a lot of award winding films. Moreover, he loves natural things in life and he expects actors and actress to be that way as well.Normal peopleIn my family, my mother has influenced me greatly because she has so many good qualities. She is a kind-hearted and good-humored person who is always kind and generous to other people, even the strangers. In addition, she is a good listener. This makes her tolerant of other people’s opinions. Besides, she is diligent and responsible for her work. In fact, she’s never disappo inted her boss about her assignments. Further more she loves her family with the whole of her hart. It is our mother who contributes most to make our family a harmonious one full of love. Her personal values set a good example for me to follow in my own life. The way she treats people and does things makes me want to become the best person I can be. This is why I think my mother has influenced me the most in my life.BookWell, my favorite book is the Old Man and the Sea, which is written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the greatest American writers. The book tells a story about an old man called Diego who did fishing in Cuba. Though he came across lots of difficulties on the sea and came back without a single fish, he was optimistic and still held the hope. From the story, I understand that, never give up and the final success will come after the last try. That story makes me believe there is no a stronger thing ever than a human’s belief.Place1.often goWell, the place I often go is the basketball court near my home, about 3 minutes’ walk to thereI think. At first since I fell in love with basketball and started to play it, the basketball courthas become the most popular place I spend my free time, besides my home and school.Whenever I was upset, mad or angry, it became where I release myself, my felling and find confidence. Moreover, not only can I practice playing basketball there to make me skillful of what I love and become strong, but also I get to know many new friends. It was the place I grew up. I think without it, I cannot be who I am anymore. (Join in the basketball team in my school, which is my dream.)2.Where studyWell, I’d love to study in a place that is always quiet like a café.Without interruption. I am the kind of people who are easily affec ted by others. If there’s anybody chatting in a loud voice near me, my curiosity will lead my heart to follow their topic.Concentrate better, higher efficiency, safe time. When I stay in a quiet world, my brain will become sharper than I am in a noisy environment.Change/Living standard…One of the biggest changes in society is the developing Internet. I still remember that there was a survey which showed that in 2000 in China, the number of Internet users was only 50 million. But surprisingly, the number becomes 10 times now as well as in 2000, about 500 million users! Actually, the Internet has affected the society in every aspect big or small. Students use the Internet to find information they need; Workers use the Internet to communicate; Friends use the Internet to keep in touch with each other and news spread on the internet at once to make everyone know. The Internet has broken the board of countries and makes the world a world..Adult’s difficultyAdults are no longer under the protection of their parents.Relationship becomes more complicated.More responsibilityTransportationThe most efficient transportation is the bus service. First of all, thanks to the well-developed public transportation, it’s very convenient to take a bus because it is al ways easy to one stop near you and your destination. In addition, because the road condition in China has improved greatly, the bus can easily run at the speed of 120 km/h. For example you can travel from shanghai to Nanjing in less than 3 hours. Furthermo re, it’s very cheap to take a bus as you travel around China, and it allows you the time to appreciate the landscape of China along the way. You may even get acquaintance to several friends with the similar interests and temper.University challenge:1. Being far away from families’2. Find time to relax3. Making new friendsFriends would be non-existent in their new environmentFace the process of making new friends all over againFinding people they can place their trust in againDifferent opinion1.Working with … can benefit each other. I can find the weak part in my plan if someone holdsdifferent idea about the plan and he/she can also absorb something worthy from my opinion.2.Although be friends with … can share the same interest, be friends with … would be moreprecious. They can point out any mistakes you’ve made and criticize on you without thinking.But ur friends who … may only give you flattery. In Chinese, “No fighting, no friends.”Owning pats1.stress reliever2.stay fit (dogs)3.Develop a sense of responsibility.Drop out of university1.not be useful for everybody2.Environment should be suitable and compatible with that person, to maximum their universityexperience.3.Depend on my friend (well organized plan)Neighborhood: Suburbs away from the city with a quiet environment1.Far away from all types of pollution. Environment is much better.2.People are friendlier. People become agitated more easily in the city.3.Traffics are usually goodOrganization World Wildlife Foundation1.Love animals, having two dogs and two cats and several fish and enjoyed feeding and playingwith them.2.Allow me to travel all corners of the globe3.Photography; use my eyes to show the world the danger the animals are in and the problempeople are causing them.第2题1、表明立场换词+改写2、Supporting details3、ConclusionAgree: 1. I ag with ~ / that s+v2. In favor of3. SupportDisagree: 1. I do not hold with V-ing / the idea that s+v2. I question whether3. I object4. I do not agree5. I am against思路:快速理由:对比: I prefer A to B / A is preferable to B / Given the choice between A and B, where A is…万能模板:Because…, it can/cannot help XX do…I would like to take AA’s experience as an example. I still remember that in the past…, AA did/did not… At that time, the situation was really bad, since 不良表现. As a result, 不良后果. Later, XX stopped/began… Then things began to change, 可喜变化. Finally, 好结果.第3题笔记重点: 1. Title 2. 要求的文字理由听力重点: Topic + Points + Reasons模板:The school puts up a notice and informed the students that…After knowing that, the woman thought it was really a bad idea. From her perspective, although the school claims that 解释1, it could not be justified since 事实1. At the same time, it was mentioned that 解释2. But the woman thought it was tricky because 事实2. What’s more, it was noted that 解释3. However, the woman believed that 事实3.第4题听课论证模板Today, the speaker talks about 关键词(出现在阅读/题干).Generally speaking, 普遍状况.In the lecture, the speaker shows that 特殊状况and he takes 1(2) example(s). 1. 对象特征then 发生. As a consequence 结果. 2. … finally …(In the lecture, the speaker takes his personal experience…)All these show that 特殊情况.第5题模板Today, the woman met a problem, that was 问题.After knowing that, her friend gave her 2/3 kinds of suggestions. She was first advised to 方案1. But she worried that 条件1. Based on this situation, she was then asked to 方案2. But she concerned that 条件2. Finally she was suggested to 方案3. But she was not sure about it.I would like to suggest the woman to … beca use I think although doing this may cause some trouble for XX, the woman can (persuade XX to) make some adjustment and change the schedule/expectation/habit/time/plan a little bit. Hopefully, by doing this she can make both … and … better.第6题模板In th e lecture, the professor points out a phenomenon that……Broadly speaking……The professor takes 1(2) example(s) for better illustration of this phenomenon.The first one is that 对象2特征, then 发生, as a consequence, 结果.What’s more, 对象2特征, later 发生, because of this, 结果.Sure, from such examples, we can have a better understanding of this phenomenon.[文档可能无法思考全面,请浏览后下载,另外祝您生活愉快,工作顺利,万事如意!]。
托福综合写作经典模板汇总
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托福阅读真题第14套
第14套GondwanaParagragh1:Among the(enduring)legacies of the famous European voyages of discovery in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are a collection and scientific description of plants and animals from around the world.These form the nucleus of the great collections in modern museums and have been responsible for a radical revision in the way that we perceive the structure of Earth and the forces that have shaped its surface over time.As the fauna and flora from far-flung lands came to be described and incorporated into the body of knowledge about the world,it was noted that there were some striking similarities among living and extinct organisms of the Southern Hemisphere continents.【In the1840s,the English botanist Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker commented on the remarkable fact that the flora of South America and Oceania(mainly Australia,New Zealand,New Guinea,and the Malay Archipelago) shared seven families of flowering plants and48genera that were not to be found elsewhere.】Later,similar patterns were observed in other groups of plants and animals,such as liverworts,lichens,mayflies,midges,and various types of vertebrates.How could these similarities be explained in view of the enormous stretches of ocean that separate the Southern Hemisphere continents today One idea developed during the late nineteenth century was that there existed in the remote geological past a vast Southern Hemisphere continent in other words,that the modern continents of the Southern Hemisphere were somehow connected long ago,thus explaining the similarities in fauna and flora.The name given to this hypothetical continent was Gondwana.1..The word enduring in the passage is closest in meaning to○exciting○lasting○unexpected○well-known2..Why does the author mention the enormous stretches of ocean that separate the Southern Hemisphere continents today○To emphasize the importance of the famous European voyages of discovery in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries○To suggest a reason why so many genera of flowering plants are found only in the Southern Hemisphere○To question the accuracy of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker's observations about the similarities between the flora of Australia and that of South America○To explain why the similarities between flora pointed out by Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker seemed so remarkable3.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in thehighlighted sentence in the passage Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.○The similarities in fauna and flora across Southern Hemisphere continents were explained in the late nineteenth century.○In the nineteenth century it was discovered that the Southern Hemisphere continents contain fauna and flora that are highly similar.○In the nineteenth century,it was suggested that the modern continents of the Southern Hemisphere were once connected.○The fauna and flora of the modern continents of the Southern Hemisphere were found to be very similar in the late nineteenth century.Paragragh2:One of the most distinctive fossil plants of this hypothetical continent is called Glossopteris.■When first described by the French paleobotanist Adolphe Brongniart in1828,Glossopteris was thought to be a type of fern.■Now,however,it is known to be a woody seed-bearing shrub or tree.■The trunks of Glossopteris could reach4meters in height.■Seeds and pollen-containing organs were borne in clusters at the tips of slender stalks attached to the leaves,but some species may have borne seeds in cones.It is thought that Glossopteris lived in a seasonal environment,and this is consistent with the occurrence of growth rings in the wood.Also,there is evidence that the plant was deciduous(that is,that it shed its leaves annually at the end of the growing season)and that it grew under very wet soil conditions,like the modern swamp cypress.The large leaves of Glossopteris which exceeded30centimeters in length are common fossils in rocks of the Permian period(299¨C251million years ago)in India,Africa,South America,Australia,and Antarctica.4..In paragraph2,the author discusses Glossopteris in order to○provide an example of a fossil species that was attributed to Gondwana on the basis of its wide distribution○explain why the descriptions of ancient plants made by Adolphe Brongniart were not completely accurate○establish the importance of nineteenth-century paleobotanist Adolphe Brongniart○show that similarities among flora in the Southern Hemisphere continents were not limited to flowering plants5..According to paragraph2,current evidence indicates that Glossopteris had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:○It was deciduous.○It was a type of fern.○It had large leaves.○It grew in wet soil conditions.6..According to paragraph2,what suggests that Glossopteris may have lived in a seasonal environment○It grew in what is now Antarctica.○It was a seed-bearing plant.○There is evidence that it lost its leaves annually.○There were stalks attached to its leaves.Paragragh3:At the time the Gondwana hypothesis was conceived,the(prevailing) theory of Earth saw continents as fixed in their relative positions.The problem of linking up the various elements of Gondwana was solved by hypothesizing the existence of ancient land bridges.This changed in1912with the proposal of the theory of continental drift by the German meteorologist and geophysicist Alfred Wegener,an idea that was later developed and championed by the famous South African geologist Alex Logan du Toit.Wegener and du Toit argued that the continents are not fixed;rather,they have moved apart or drifted to their present-day positions. In the past,Gondwana was a single contiguous landmass comprising the present-day Southern Hemisphere continents.7..The word prevailing in the passage is closest in meaning to○best understood○most controversial○generally accepted○recently proposed8..According to paragraph3,why did geologists initially hypothesize the existence of ancient land bridges across continents○To explain how the continents may have drifted to their present-day positions○To explain how organisms could spread across distant continents○To argue against Wegener's theory of continental drift○To help explain the present-day positions of the Southern Hemisphere continents9..According to paragraph3,what did Alfred Wegener and Alex Logan du Toit have in common○Both were originally trained as meteorologists.○Both had doubts about the hypothesis that Gondwana was once a single contiguous landmass.○Both believed that continents change their position over time.○Both believed that the present-day Southern Hemisphere continents were too far apart to have been linked by a land bridge.Paragragh4:These ideas seemed(incredible)at the time,but in support of their theory Wegener and du Toit pointed to similarities in fauna and flora,and the distributions of fossils such as Glossopteris provided an important piece of evidence in the assembly of the Gondwana jigsaw puzzle.Wegener and du Toit also drew together other different sources of evidence,such as the remarkable geometric fit of South America and Africa,and similarities between the ages and types of rock found in areas of Southern Hemisphere continents that are now thousands of miles apart.The notion of drifting continents only became widely accepted in the1960s following the discovery of paleomagnetism(the study of changes in the polarity of Earth's magnetic field through time)and the development of the theory of plate tectonics, which explained the growth and movement of continents and other geological phenomena.10..The word incredible in the passage is closest in meaning to○unfamiliar○unsupported○hard to understand○impossible to believe11..According to paragraph4,Wegener and du Toit offered all of the following evidence in support of their hypothesis EXCEPT○distributions of fossils across the Southern Hemisphere continents○the geometric fit of South America and Africa○similarities in rocks across the Southern Hemisphere continents○differences in geological phenomena across the Southern Hemisphere continents12..Paragraph4strongly suggests that the theory of continental drift was not widely accepted before the1960s in part because○the distributions of fossils such as Glossopteris were not yet generally known○other explanations for the geometric fit of South America and Africa were available ○there was no satisfactory explanation for the movement of continents○few scientists accepted the claims made by Wegener and du Toit about the similarities in the ages of groups of rocks13..Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.This led to its name,which means tongue fern in Greek and is a reference to its tongue-shaped leaves.Where would the sentence best fit Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.Paragragh2:One of the most distinctive fossil plants of this hypothetical continent is called Glossopteris.■When first described by the French paleobotanist Adolphe Brongniart in1828,Glossopteris was thought to be a type of fern.■Now,however,it is known to be a woody seed-bearing shrub or tree.■The trunks of Glossopteris could reach4meters in height.■Seeds and pollen-containing organs were borne in clusters at the tips of slender stalks attached to the leaves,but some species may have borne seeds in cones.It is thought that Glossopteris lived in a seasonal environment,and this is consistent with the occurrence of growth rings in the wood.Also,there is evidence that the plant was deciduous(that is,that it shed its leaves annually at the end of the growing season)and that it grew under very wet soil conditions,like the modernswamp cypress.The large leaves of Glossopteris which exceeded30centimeters in length are common fossils in rocks of the Permian period(299¨C251million years ago)in India,Africa,South America,Australia,and Antarctica.14..Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong.To review the passage,click on View Text.Answer Choices○The plants and animals collected during the eighteenth-and nineteenth-century voyages of discovery made it possible to advance important scientific theories.○By1828,fossils of Glossopteris had been discovered to have inhabited both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere continents in the remote geological past.○To explain the observed distribution patterns of flora and fauna,scientists hypothesized that land bridges had linked the widely separated Southern Hemisphere continents in the geological past.○The theory of continental drift,proposed in1912,held that the Southern Hemisphere continents once formed an unbroken landmass and subsequently moved apart to their present locations.○To support their hypothesis that continents are not fixed in their relative positions, Alfred Wegener and Alex Logan du Toit used paleomagnetic evidence to develop the theory of plate tectonics.○Continental drift explained the distribution of organisms as well as the similarities in rocks and the geometric fit of Africa and South America,but the theory was not generally accepted until the1960s.Removing Dams(17年3月4日又考过一次)Paragraph1For nearly a century,two United States governmental agencies,the United States Army Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation,have constructed dams to store water and to generate electricity.Building these dams provided cheap electricity, created jobs for workers,stimulated regional economic development,and allowed farming on lands that would otherwise be too dry.But not everyone agrees that big dam projects are entirely beneficial.Their storage reservoirs stop the flow of rivers and often submerge towns,farms,and historic sites.They prevent fish migrations and change aquatic habitats essential for native species.1.According to paragraph1,building dams was beneficial in each of the following ways EXCEPTA.increasing the amount of land that could be used for farmingB.strengthening local economiesC.increasing the availability of low-cost electricityD.expanding the aquatic habitats of native speciesParagraph2The tide may have turned,in fact,against dam building.In1998the Army Corps announced that it would no longer be building large dams.In the few remaining sites where dams might be built,public opposition is so great that getting approval for projects is unlikely.Instead,the new focus may be on removing existing dams and restoring natural habitats.In1999Bruce Babbitt,then the United States interior secretary,said,Of the75,000large dams in the United States,most were built a long time ago and are now obsolete,expensive,and unsafe.They were built with no consideration of the environmental costs.As operating licenses come up for renewal, dam removal and habitat restoration to original stream flows will be among the options considered.2.According to paragraph2,the likelihood that new dams will be built has decreased becauseA.construction costs have increased enormouslyB.safety standards have become much higherC.public opposition to dam construction has increasedD.at most suitable sites an existing dam would have to be removed first3.The word obsolete in the passage is closest in meaning toA.unpopularB.inefficientC.out of dateD.unnecessary4.Paragraph2supports which of the following ideas about operating licenses for large damsA.Since1999licenses have been renewed only for small dams.B.Before1999,owners applying for a license renewal were more likely to have their applications approved than they were after that date.C.Strong public opposition to their renewal was common even before1999,but it was based on safety considerations,not on environmental ones.D.The environmental cost of dams has been a minor consideration in license renewal applications since1999.Paragraph3The first active hydroelectric dam in the United States to be removed against the wishes of its owners was the162-year-old Edwards Dam,on the Kennebec River in Augusta,Maine.For many years,the United States Fish and Wildlife Service had advocated the removal of this dam,which prevented migration of salmon,shad, sturgeon,and other fish species up the river.In a precedent-setting decision,the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ordered the dam removed after concluding that the environmental and economic benefits of a free-flowing river outweighed the electricity generated by the dam.In July1999the dam was removed and restoration work began on wetlands and stream banks long underwater.5.According to paragraph3,why did the United States Fish and Wildlife Service want the Edwards Dam removedA.Because the age of the dam made it unsafeB.Because the dam was negatively affecting various species of fishC.Because the dam had caused wetlands to formD.Because the dam no longer provided economic benefits6.Paragraph3suggests that one main consideration for keeping the Edwards Dam wasA.the electricity it generatedB.the length of time it had been in operationC.the high cost of removing itD.the fact that removing it would set a bad exampleParagraph4The next dams likely to be taken down are the Elwha and Glines Dams on the Elwha River in Olympic National Park in the state of Washington.Built nearly a century ago to provide power to lumber and paper mills in the town of Port Angeles,these dams blocked access to upstream spawning beds for six species of salmon on what once was one of the most productive salmon rivers in the world.Simply removing the dams will not restore the salmon,however.[A]Where50-kilogram king salmon once fought their way up waterfalls to lay their eggs in gravel beds,there now are only concrete walls holding back still water and deep beds of muddy deposits.[B] Removing the mud,uncovering gravel beds where fish spawn,and finding suitable salmon types to rebuild the population is a daunting task.[C]Congress will have to appropriate somewhere around$300to$400million to remove these two relatively small dams and rehabilitate the area.[D]7.According to paragraph4,why would removing the Elwha and Glines dams not be enough to restore salmon to the Elwha RiverA.They are not the only dams on the Elwha River.B.The lumber and paper mills in Port Angeles also block access to upstream spawning beds.C.Too many species of salmon are competing for survival in one river.D.The dams have left the river's spawning beds in an unusable condition.8.The word suitable in the passage is closest in meaning toA.newB.healthyC.appropriateD.similarParagraph5Environmental groups,encouraged by these examples,have begun to talk about much more ambitious projects.Four giant dams on the Snake River in Washington State,for example,might be removed to restore salmon and steelhead fish runs to the headwaters of the Columbia River.The Hetch Hetchy Dam in Yosemite National Park might be taken down to reveal what John Muir,the founder of the prestigious environmental organization Sierra Club,called a valley just as beautiful and worthy of preservation as the majestic Yosemite.Some groups have even suggested removing the Glen Canyon Dam on the Colorado River.In each of these cases,powerful interests stand in opposition.These dams generate low-cost electricity and store water that is needed for agriculture and industry.Local economies,domestic water supplies, and certain types of recreation all would be severely impacted by destruction of these dams.9.The word ambitious in the passage is closest in meaning toA.impressive but difficult to achieveB.dangerous and require considerable planningplex and unlikely to be completedD.greatly needed10.According to paragraph5,why do environmental groups want the Hetch Hetchy Dam removedA.To restore salmon and steelhead runs to the Snake RiverB.To allow access to the headwaters of the Columbia RiverC.To increase the size of Yosemite National ParkD.To restore a valley to its original beautyParagraph6How does one weigh the many different economic,cultural,and aesthetic considerations for removing or not removing these dams?Do certain interests,such as the rights of native people or the continued existence of native species of fish or wildlife,take precedence over economic factors;or should this be a utilitarian calculation of the greatest good for the greatest number?And does that number include only humans or do other species count as well?11.The phrase take precedence over in the passage is closest in meaning toA.affectB.have greater importance thanC.get included amongD.minimize12.What is the role of paragraph6in the passageA.To propose a method for deciding whether a given dam should be removedB.To emphasize the complexity of the issues involved in deciding what should be done about damsC.To suggest that the recent tendency not to build new dams may be wrongD.To sum up the points made earlier in the passage about the advantages and disadvantages of removing dams13.Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.But aside from the technical challenges,the project will also pose a serious financial challenge.Where would the sentence best fit?Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.The next dams likely to be taken down are the Elwha and Glines Dams on the Elwha River in Olympic National Park in the state of Washington.Built nearly a century ago to provide power to lumber and paper mills in the town of Port Angeles,these dams blocked access to upstream spawning beds for six species of salmon on what once was one of the most productive salmon rivers in the world.Simply removing the dams will not restore the salmon,however.[A]Where50-kilogram king salmon once fought their way up waterfalls to lay their eggs in gravel beds,there now are only concrete walls holding back still water and deep beds of muddy deposits.[B] Removing the mud,uncovering gravel beds where fish spawn,and finding suitable salmon types to rebuild the population is a daunting task.[C]Congress will have to appropriate somewhere around$300to$400million to remove these two relatively small dams and rehabilitate the area.[D]14.Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong.To review the passage,click on View Text.Answer ChoicesA.Until recently,the emphasis in dam building was on the economic benefits of low-cost energy and water that dams provided,but more attention is now being paid to the damage they cause.B.Since the late1990s,the government has stopped building large dams,instead focusing on removing existing dams and restoring natural habitats.C.Environmental groups now have a very good chance of forcing the removal of two major dams,the Glen Canyon Dam on the Colorado and the Hetch Hetchy Dam in Yosemite.D.Until recently,the main reason for removing dams was to restore salmon runs,but it is now recognized that a more important reason to remove dams is that they are no longer safe.E.The removal of dams remains controversial because of high restoration costs,loss of low-cost electricity,and the loss of water storage facilities.F.Although the ernment originally planned to remove the Elwha and Glines Dams in Washington,the enormous expense of removal has resulted in a postponement of this effort.Olmec ArtParagragh1:The earliest Mesoamerican art and architecture to combine ideological complexity,craft,and permanence was(that)of the Olmecs,whose civilization flourished between about1500B.C.and100B.C.The early Olmecs established major ceremonial centers along the rich lowlands of the modern Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco.At distant Teopantecuanitlan,the Olmecs established a sacred precinct, the first monumental evidence of the Olmecs in the highlands.But the Olmecs had an advanced social and economic system,with networks for commerce extending far to the west and south.The fertile gulf plain probably allowed for an agricultural (surplus),controlled by only a handful of individuals.From the art and architecture of their ceremonial centers(we know too little about Olmec domestic life to call their sites cities),it is clear that for the Olmecs,social stratification was sufficiently advanced for their society to place great importance on the records of specific individuals,particularly in the form of colossal heads(enormous stone sculptures of human heads and faces).1..The word that in the passage refers to○Mesoamerican art and architecture○the ideological complexity,craft,and permanence○the earliest civilization○the permanent art and architecture2..The word surplus in the passage is closest in meaning to○advantage○excess quantity○system○supply3..According to paragraph1,which of the following is true about the ceremonial centers established by the Olmecs○The centers served as the burial places of ancient Olmec rulers.○The inhabitants of each center had little or no contact with those in other centers.○The centers featured major works of art and architecture that were made to last.○The first and most important centers were built in the highlands.4..Paragraph1supports which of the following ideas about Olmec society○Major artists and successful traders had roughly equal status.○The most important members of Olmec society resided in the highlands.○More people were engaged in producing monumental works of art than were engaged in agriculture.○There was a well developed social structure in which some individuals held more power than others.Paragragh2:Long before modern radiocarbon dating testified to the antiquity of this culture,archaeologists and art historians had become aware of the power of Olmec art through individual objects.■Some even identified the Olmec culture as the oldest of Mesoamerican civilizations,perhaps a mother culture from which all others derived, as the art historian Miguel Covarrubias once thought.■Eventually the antiquity of Olmec culture was confirmed,and today many important elements of Mesoamerican art and architecture can be seen to have had a probable Olmec origin:ball courts, pyramids,portraiture,and mirrors.■Some later Mesoamerican deities probably derive from Olmec gods,and even the famous“Maya”calendar was already in use by peoples in the Olmec area at the dawn of Maya civilization.■5..The author put the word Maya in quotation marks in order to indicate that○few Mesoamericans were familiar with the Maya calendar○the calendar commonly attributed to the Maya was not actually developed by them ○the names of Mesoamerican gods were included in the Maya calendar○it is doubtful that the Olmec and the Maya used the same calendars6..According to paragraph2,how was the antiquity of Olmec culture confirmed○Through close study of the Maya calendar○By archaeologists'success at tracing later Mesoamerican gods back to those of the Olmec○By radiocarbon dating of Olmec objects○By comparing different references to an ancient mother cultureParagragh3:One of the first important Olmec objects to come to modern attention was the Kunz axe,acquired in the1860s in Oaxaca,Mexico.【The ceremonial axe puzzled and intrigued investigators for years because on the one hand,it was clearly neither Aztec nor Maya,the best-known ancient Mesoamerican cultures,and in fact it had no features that could be linked with any known civilization,while on the other hand,it had surely been made in Mesoamerica in antiquity.】7..Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.○Because the Kunz axe could not be linked with known Mesoamerican cultures of antiquity,investigators concluded that it was neither Aztec nor Maya.○The ceremonial axe puzzled and intrigued investigators because it was neither Aztec nor Maya,nor was it from any other ancient Mesoamerican civilization.○On the one hand the ceremonial axe was puzzling because it was not Aztec or Maya, and on the other hand it was intriguing because no other Mesoamerican culture made ceremonial axes.○The Kunz axe puzzled investigators for years because,although it was clearly made in ancient Mesoamerica,it could not be attributed to any known Mesoamericanculture.Paragragh4:The axe(exhibits)many qualities of the style we now call Olmec: precious blue-green translucent jade,worked to reveal a figure in both two and three dimensions.More than half the axe is devoted to the creature's face an open,toothless mouth,and closely set,slanting eyes which has often been likened to the face of a howling human infant.The creature's hands are worked in lower relief,and in them he grasps a miniature version of himself.Feet and toes are indicated only by incision (carved lines),and incision also marks the face,ears,and upper body,perhaps to suggest tattooing,ear ornaments,and a tunic.For over two millennia this large, precious axe was presumably kept as a treasure or heirloom.It was not until1955, after several seasons of excavation at La Venta had produced many fine jade objects and a convincing series of radiocarbon dates in the first millennium B.C.,that objects such as the Kunz axe were at last understood by scholars to(embody)the principles of the first great art style of Mesoamerica.8..The word exhibits in the passage is closest in meaning to○displays○includes○combines○introduces9..The word embody in the passage is closest in meaning to○utilize○reveal○incorporate○clarify10..It can be inferred from paragraph4that the author provides a very detailed description of the Kunz axe because○the Kunz axe is more like later Mesoamerican art than it is like Olmec art○the Kunz axe is a characteristic example of Olmec artistic style and principles○the Kunz axe is the single most important and valuable piece of Olmec art so far discovered○the face of the creature represented on the Kunz axe resembles a human infantParagragh5:Early scholars of the Olmec style noticed a pattern of imagery repeated on many of the carved stone objects.Many howling baby faces were found,and other faces seemed to combine the features of humans and jaguars(large cats).Today,while the presence of jaguar imagery is still acknowledged,scholars have discovered that aspects of many other tropical rainforest fauna can be identified in the carvings.The caiman(a kind of alligator),eagle,toad,jaguar,and snake all appear in the Olmec supernatural repertoire.Anthropologist Peter David Joralemon has suggested that most of the motifs and images can be allocated to a few Olmec deities.The paw-wing。
Djopju托福独立作文的各种模板精选
生活需要游戏,但不能游戏人生;生活需要歌舞,但不需醉生梦死;生活需要艺术,但不能投机取巧;生活需要勇气,但不能鲁莽蛮干;生活需要重复,但不能重蹈覆辙。
-----无名一.对比观点型:第一种:给出两个对立的事物或者一个事物对立的两个方面,要求考生支持一方并给出说明。
TOPIC:Some people like A;other like B.Which one do you prefer—A or B?Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate you answers.1.No doubt,l choose A,because there are too many benefits that outnumber its drawbacks.ButB,on the other hand,has no more superorities than disadvantages.The most important merit of A is that (1).To achieve the same effect,B will (2).Another advantage of A,which B cannot achieve ,is that (3).Although B also has its seemingly profound merits, it can only be achieved contionally because (4).After understanding the reason above, it is quite safe now to come to the conclusion that choosing A is a wise action.注:(1)A能带来的第一个好处。
(2)B能带来的坏处比如:浪费很多东西,如时间,金钱等。
TPO14综合写作参考范文兼模板(新)
TPO14综合写作参考范文兼模板TPO14综合写作参考范文兼模板The le turer an d the re ading pa ssage ho ld plete l differ ent vies toard t he prati e of sal vage log ging, hi h is the removal of dead trees f rom a fo rest aft er a fir e or a s torm.Fi rst, the leturer statesthat rem oving de ad trees is notgood for the hea lth of a forestbeause i t depriv es it of the nut rients n eessar f or futur e tree g roth, hi h dead t rees rel ease int o the so il as th e depose. In ont rast, th e readin g passag e states that re moving o ld trees provide s more s pae in h ih ne ge neration s of fre sh trees an gromore hea lthil.S eond, th e leture r argues that so me inset s and bi rds that inhabit dead tr ees arebenefiia l for tr ee groth, and afe thatare thou ght to b e harmfu l have s hon no e videne o f ausing signifi ant dama ge to th e forest. So b e liminati ng bothharmfuland bene fiial bi rds andinsets,salvageloggingma auseunanteddamage t o the fo rest inthe long run. Th e readin g, hoeve r, menti ons onlharmfulinsets a nd the s prue bar k beetle in part iular. I t points out tha t beause learing the for est of d ead tree s also d estros t he habit at of th ese harm ful inse ts, it e nsures t he healt h reover of a fo rest aft er a fir e.Final l ith re gard toeonomi i mpat, th e leture r argues against salvage logging beausethe dead trees a n onl be salvage d at a v er highost, and the emp loment a ssoiated ith sal vage log ging isoften te mporar a nd taken b non-n ative re sidents.On theother ha nd, thereadingargues t hat this pratieprovides manind ustriesith theood nees sar to s ustain t heir pro dution a nd offer emplome nt oppor tunities to loal people.The le turer an d the re ading pa ssage ho ld plete l differ ent viestoard t he prati e of sal vage log ging, hi h is the removal of dead trees f rom a fo rest aft er a fir e or a s torm.Fi rst, the leturer statesthat rem oving de ad trees is notgood for the hea lth of a forestbeause i t depriv es it of the nut rients n eessar f or futur e tree g roth, hi h dead t rees rel ease int o the so il as th e depose. In ont rast, th e readin g passag e states that re moving o ld trees provide s more s pae in h ih ne ge neration s of fre sh trees an gromore hea lthil.S eond, th e leture r argues that so me inset s and bi rds that inhabit dead tr ees arebenefiia l for tr ee groth, and afe thatare thou ght to b e harmfu l have s hon no e videne o f ausing signifi ant dama ge to th e forest. So b e liminati ng bothharmfuland bene fiial bi rds andinsets,salvageloggingma auseunanteddamage t o the fo rest inthe long run. Th e readin g, hoeve r, menti ons onlharmfulinsets a nd the s prue bar k beetle in part iular. I t points out tha t beause learing the for est of d ead tree s also d estros t he habit at of th ese harm ful inse ts, it e nsures t he healt h reover of a fo rest aft er a fir e.Final l ith re gard toeonomi i mpat, th e leture r argues against salvage logging beausethe dead trees a n onl be salvage d at a v er highost, and the emp loment a ssoiated ith sal vage log ging isoften te mporar a nd taken b non-n ative re sidents.On theother ha nd, thereadingargues t hat this pratieprovides manind ustriesith theood nees sar to s ustain t heir pro dution a nd offer emplome nt oppor tunities to loal people.。
Mdpxls托福口语模板
秋风清,秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。
用的时候,首先可以把这几十篇东西背熟,然后对照JJ看对于各种题目怎样用一两句话能把背的段子套上,多多练习就好口语模版PersonWell, as for as I’m concerned, Frank is the most helpful teacher to me, and I have to main reasons for that.To begin with, he is really concerned about all the students in his class. For example, he would meet me and other student after class to make sure we understood his lessons.Also, personally speaking, he is of great help to those ambitious students who are willing to go abroad to further their education. For instance, he helped students who were eager to attend foreign universities fill out their applicant and edit their personal statement till very late.I respect and admire my mother more than anyone else in this world as far as I’m concerned.First and foremost, she treats me with extraordinary patience and an open mind forever. When I was little and naughty, it took my mom many efforts to teach me about good and bad. When I get radical, my mother was patient enough to bring me back to the track.In addition, she was always supportive we I raised reasonable request., since she trusted me to make my own decisions, like how to spent my pocket money or which study group to join.As for as I’m concerned, what makes a good friend is someone who is honest and has a good sense of humor.For one thing, I just look for someone who’s honest to me no matter what. He should not tell stories behind my back; he should tell me my short-comings at my mouth, but never praises me in front of me.Besides, I’d lov e to spend more time with someone who can make me laugh and is fun to be around. That is to say, he can really life my spirits whenever I get down or upset. Therefore I could always feel soothed and relieved in the time I spent with him.口语模版ObjectsA s a big fan of fantasy stories, I especially have fun with J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter series for they’re challenging, relaxing, and more importantly, the tale is terrific.For one thing, I’ve got the feeling that the plots are carefully made up. In addition, I believe the author just has got the power to make complicated stories so straightforward.Even though some of the conversations were too long to make the whole story go smoothly, I’ll still have to admit that such novel really worth a “two-thumbs up”.I would like to learn how to play guitar most for there are millions of meritsof learning a musical instrument.For one thing, it would be a most talented skill to achieve. For example, could take my guitar to all kinds of parties to demonstrate my gift of music and I bet it would be exciting.To be more specific, I could join a band and play songs with other musicians. And may be, we could make some pocket money in that way making a lot of friends who have the same sense of music with me.Ping pong is a very popular sport in China.To play it, all you need are just a ping pong table, a pair of rackets and a ping pong ball. However, it’s full of skills and wisdom. Facing such a fast-moving ball and sometimes even with rotation, the players must be able to judge and respond very quickly. Most people here play ping pong during their spare time and they view it as a good way of relaxing and exercising.Also there are many professional ping pong players in China. They have won a lot of honor for our country, and they have developed a kind of ping pong spirit, that is never giving up and keeping innovating.As far as I’m concerned, the most distinctive thing in my daily life is my cell phone, because it has amazingly changed my life in 2 main aspects.To begin with, it helps me communicate with the world around me. By using my cell phone, I could easily keep in touch with my friends, family members, classmates, you know, everyone! And even in dangerous situation, it could save my life. I’ll just have to make a call telling others that I’m in danger.More importantly if I have to say, it’s also a great entertainment. When I get bored, it’s a music box, cuz my favorite mp3 music and mpeg4 movie clips with in my cell will easily cheer me up.According to my understanding, the most impressive opportunity that was given to me was to draw a report for a government agency, on the distribution of health food in Beijing 2 years ago.For one thing, it was the most special chance for me in my life for the reason that I learned a lot of practical skills during the process. For first hand data, I had to visit hundreds of drugstores in the city.In addition, I finally understood that dealing with employees can be very troublesome. For instance, many of them got suspicious about my intention and finally, I had to make several trips to the same store to meet their supervisor to talk them into my outcome of the research and then everyone else.Well, what I like is a modern department with large rooms since it makes me what I am now.First, I could always feels relaxed and soothed inside, since it has high ceilings and a few pieces of chic furniture so it would feel more spacious then ever.Besides, I’m also crazy about the big picture windows that I could throw open in summer, so that the whole place would be light and airy. And so my room like that will really lift my spirits whenever I feel down or upset.According to my understanding, my life goal is to become a respectfulteacher.For one thing, my mother used to be a math teacher and I remember watch ing her correcting students’ home work till 2 o’clock every night, thinking being a teacher is the noblest job in the world. After I went to college, I selected several courses about teaching methodology and attended a series of seminar discussing teacher’s quality.Besides, I got the feeling that I am or lat least will be qualified to be a good teacher, for the reason that I took a part-time job of teaching English in a high school for nearly 2 years to polish my teaching and communicating skills.口语模版EventsWell, in my opinion, my 20th birthday, my first surprising party by my friends, surprised me most, and I have 2 main reasons for that.First of all, I was amazed by the definition of true friendship as some of my old friends from South Africa traveling 20 hours by air coming to celebrate my birthday, who attacked me dramatically with a birthday cake.Another reason that was surprising to me was that they took a photo of me which made him whole occasion unforgettable. Finally, they sang a birthday song for me according to western tradition, which is totally beyond my expectation.I got the feeling that just as people in western countries do, we Chinese hold Spring Festival to celebrate our lunar new year, which is the biggest event for each family as well as the whole nation.First, on the eve, there usually is a big family reunion, and all the families from all over China will be sitting around the same table, feasting, toasting and chitchatting. At 12 sharp, we set off fireworks and let out crackers to celebrate the coming of Chinese new years.After that, we visit our friends and relatives to send our best wishes. The olds will send money into red envelopes and hand out to the kids to symbolize their growing up one year older peacefully.As far as I’m concerned, the most important decision I have ever made is choosing mathematical finance as my major.That’s a relatively new subject in China, and many people here even don’t know what it is about. Actually, I didn’t have much knowledge of it either when I made the decision. I finally chose it just because I found math very interesting and kind of felt that I would like to do something related to economics in the future.However, after four years’ study, now I find I love it very much. Moreover, I have made up my mind to go to USA for further study. I believe I can make some academic achievement in this area.According to my understanding, the most efficient traffic in my country China should be buses.Almost every city has well developed bus system, which means each bus route covers many streets and each street can be covered by many bus routes. So it’s very convenient to go to a place by bus, and normally you need transferat most for one time.Moreover, bus has some other advantages over other traffics. First, the bus can run on some streets which are forbidden for other traffics like taxi. Second, you needn’t worry about parking places, which may be the most boring problem for those who prefer private cars.Last year when I was shopping down town, my purse got stolen. I lost all my money and the cell phone. I don’t know anybody there, for a while I didn’t know what to do.Fortunately I saw a police officer standing on the other side of the street, so I went up and asked whether I could borrow his cell phone. I was only hoping that he could help me contact someone I know. However, what he offered was even better; he called for a policeman patrol car to send me home. It may not be a big deal for the policeman, but I’m so grateful for the help he gave me when I need it most.口语模版PlacesI have been longing for Hawaii ever since I first saw its beautiful view on TV.For one thing, Hawaii is an island of great charm and when thinking about it, a series of gorgeous scenes will come to my mind. Thousands of people are lying on the golden beach enjoy the beautiful sunshine; children are happily playing with sand and seawater which reminds me of my childhood.Moreover, I heard that people in Hawaii are very kind and hospitable; they will give their visitors garland to indicate their warm welcome. I wish I could go to Hawaii for a visit one day.If I have a chance to go to a new restaurant, there’s nothing I like better than to spend some time in a restaurant with good atmosphere and soft music.For one thing, I enjoy the delicious coffee and cookies provided, such as easy eggs, grilled trout and baked founder.More importantly, the interesting magazines available and small chess games soothe me as well. Sometimes I’ll invite my most intimate friends to go there together, and we will sit comfortably and have some nice and cozy chitchat about the latest news.。
托福综合写作模板分享
托福综合写作模板分享托福综合写作经典模板分享开头段The lecture apparently disproves what is argued in the reading material.According to the passage … However the professor asserts that a closer scrutinyof this argument would reveal how flimsy it is. He then presents severalevidences to demonstrate his statement.内容第一段To start with, the professor claims that the reading passage fails to takeinto account that…Therefore, the assertion of the author seems too absolute since otherpossibilities could not be eliminated by any current evidence.内容第二段Furthermore, the passage assumes that…. The professor, however, suggeststhat this assumption may not be merited by the evidence. Say, ….. Thecontradiction is obvio us here when … . On the basis of this point the lecturee_plicitly refutes the passage.内容第三段Last but not the least, the passage may be right about …., but one criticalfact is being left out of consideration. Pointed out by the professor, theauthor tot ally neglects the truth that… On account of above-mentioned gravemistakes, the author’s assertion turned out to be a preposterous idea.结尾段In conclusion, based on the arguments offered above, the professor clearlyidentifies the defects in the reading passage and forcefully shows that…其它说明细节文中至少有一个举例形式,如果实在用不到上面句型,可以用转述凑字数:In other words, that is to say, …其他有用句型The reading assumes that…, a situation that s eems t o be at odds with …与…是矛盾的托福写作:怎么做到善用例子如动物→鸟类,现代交通方式→飞机,上面的举例是简单的形式,即对单个词/短语,或说单个对象举例.我们在独立写作中会遇到对单个对象的举例,这也是大家都能做好的;但我们更常遇到的是需要对一个句子,或说多个对象互相联系而串成的观点举例的情况,这时我们就需要留意我们所举的例子的有效性了.托福写作举例的基本原则:a. 细节性原则----细于被举例者.b. 一致性原则----良好体现与要用举例证明的观点的一致对应关系,观点中的重点信息应在例子中不多不少地体现.新托福写作真经介绍的举例的具体操作方法:粗举,细举,引调查,列数字.(1)粗例----粗犷的例子〝粗例〞即一类人.物或事,或一个公认事实的例子,说白了就是多数人都能认可的信息.寻找这类例子的时候比较轻松,只要在观点中找出可以继续细化的重点信息然后 narrowdown 就可以了.观点1: Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualifiedapplicants.粗例1: International companies desire bilingual employees and offer highersalaries to attract them.〝粗例〞可以建立〝面〞对〝线〞的关系,但需要注意不能太空洞,同时也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析.比较论证来使用,才能使整个段落更有血肉.托福写作之常犯的错误1. 不完整的句子(1) If you find that writing is hard is because it is hard. One of the hardest things that people do.If you find that writing is hard is because it is hard—one of the hardestthings that people do.(2) Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world. A gossip that makesus prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world, a gossip that makes usprejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world that makes us prejudgepeople before we ever lay eyes on them.2. 分词短语作状语的错误Holding her in his arms, the moon hid behind the cloud.As soon as the moon hid behind the cloud, he held her in his arms.3. 修饰词错位(1) Romeo received word that Juliet was dead from another messenger. Romeo received word from another messenger that Juliet was dead.(2) After leaving the stage, the audience’s applause called the musiciansback for an encore.After the musicians left the stage, the audience’s applause called themback for an encore.(3) Disruptive in the classroom, a teacher may become e_asperated withhyperactive children.Disruptive in the classroom, hyperactive children may e_asperate ateacher.4. 串句Unproductive or uncooperative workers can seriously harm an organization,for this reason, employers need to have accurate information about employeeperformance, but when employees have full access to their own personnel files,co-workers and even supervisors will often find it difficult to give frankcriticism of underachievers or to report troublemakers.Unproductive or uncooperative workers can seriously harm an organization;for this reason, employers need to have accurate information about employeeperformance. But when employees have full access to their own personnel files,co-workers and even supervisors will often find it difficult to give frankcriticism of underachievers or to report troublemakers.5. 时态错误The researchers admitted that they falsified crucial data in the study. The researchers admitted that they had falsified crucial data in thestudy.6. 代词错误(1) Too often people either keep their feelings to themselves or take itour on others.Too often people either keep their feelings to themselves or take them ouron others.(2) Each girl and boy must do their part to keep the home firesburning.Each girl and boy must do her or his part to keep the home firesburning.(3) This college has their own entrance requirements.This college has its own entrance requirements.(4) If one wishes to participate in the political process, you can begin byvoting regularly.If one wishes to participate in the political process, one can begin byvoting regularly.(5) The fire in the library was finally put out. For a while, they thoughtan unhappy employee might have started it.The fire in the library was finally put out. For a while, the library staffthought an unhappy employee might have started it.7. 结构混乱Because Hemingway’s style is simple makes his writing accessible to allreaders.Because Hemingway’s style is simple, his writing is accessible to allreaders.Hemingway’s simple style makes his writing accessible to all readers.托福综合写作经典模板分享。
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模板一 A or BDepending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile others prefer to B. From my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.The main reason for my propensity for A is that___________________________. 就理由进行解释_____________________. For instance,____________________Another reason can be seen by every one is that____________________________. 就理由进行解释___________________. For example,____________________The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because_____________________________Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Such as________________.In a word, ________________________________________________.So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A.模板二 A or B将原题复述___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B, quite a few would deem that______________________, but others, in contrast, believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence -A/-B, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity of _________is that___________________The second reason can be seen by every person that________.In addition, these reason are also usable when we consider that_________.There are some disadvantages in____________________另一种观点的缺点__________.In a word, _____________重复观点句并缩写理由__________________.Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that___________.模板三单一命题式The answer of this statement depends on your own experience and life style. In my point view, buying computers is as important as, if not more important than, buying books. So it is sagacious to ____________.Among countless factors which influence the choice, these are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity for __________is that____________.Another reason can be seen by every person is that________________.Furthermore, ______________.In short,_________________复述前文中的理由______________.模板四agree or disagreeSome people argue as if it is a general truth that a _____________________________.But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. There are numerous reasons why I hold no confidence on them, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant of the basic fact that______________解释本段中心___________.Another reason why I disagree with the above statement is that I believe that______________.What is more, some students are interested in____________.In a word, ________________.模板五 A or BSome people prefer to A. others believe B. When faced with the decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that______________, but others, in contrast , deem A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. There are numerous reasons why___________, and I wouldexplore only a few of the most important ones here.The main reason why I agree with the above statement, however, is that________________. Take ___________as example, ______________.There is another factor that deserves some words here. Such as________________. Similarly, these reasons are also usable when we consider that______________. (examples:___________).From the above you might got idea that I agree______________.(repeat the above three reason____________).So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to _______________.模板六Agree or disagreeSome people prefer to A, others believe B, Nowadays some may hold the opinion that ________________, but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree/disagree that_______________. MY arguments for this point are listed as follows.One of the primary causes is that_______________________.Examples_______________.But there is a further more subtle point we must consider. Examples.What is more_______________. Examples___________General speaking, __________. Recognizing the fact that _______________should drive us to conclude that______________.模板七 A or BIn my point of view, A is as important as, if not more important than B. So it is sagacious to choose A. Among countless factors which influence A. there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The above point is certainly true if A is considered. For example,___________________Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that A is better than B. For instance,_______________It would probably not be too kindly disposed to the idea that B is not important . B________也好_________.In a word, to choose A or B is something of a dilemma to the public because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B, and neglect hte genuinely good aspects of A. For the reasons presented above, I strongly commit to the notion that A, but not B.模板八 A or BWhen faced with the decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that A, but others, in contrast, deem B as the premier choice and that is also my point. This quite different view is based on the propensity of following points.We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for B is ____________________. For example, ______________.Also, ________________________.This is arbitray to judge B according only to the excuse I mentioned in the above paragraph.Similarly, these reasons are also usable when we consider that________________.Admittedly, __________________A也有好的地方______________.By he same token, however, ______________B更好____________.Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that_____________.模板九 A or BWhen it comes to______________, Nevertheless, in my part, I prefer A rather than B as my inclination. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.I agree with the statement that _________without reservation since___________.Naturally ___________.It can be given a concrete example__________.A more essential factor why I advocate the argument of __________is that. Obviously ________________.Take the case of a thing that____________.Furthermore, what is worth noticing fact is that ________________. This demonstratesthe undeniable fact that__________________.Of course, choosing B also has advantages to some extent,_______________此处论述B的1-2优点___________.But if all these factors are contemplated, the advantages of A carry more weight than those of B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that_____________.模板十 A or B____________改写并复述题目____________. There may be by one or two disadvantages to ___________________; however, I believe that there are far more advantages. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.First of all, perhaps one disadvantages to ____________is that ______________.For instance, ____________. Another drawback to _____________involves the possibility that____________. For example, ____________.Even though there may be one or two disadvantages to____________, the advantages far outweigh them. The main reason for my propensity for __________is that _________. For example_____________.Another reason for my inclination for _____________ is that _________________. For example, _________________.In a word, in spite of the fact that there may be a couple of disadvantages to _____________, I feel that the advantages are more obvious___________.重复优点__________.Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that _____________.模板十一 A or B____________改写并复述题目____________.The advantages of B carry more weight than those of A. There are numerous reasons why __________, and I would explore only a few of the most important ones hereOne of the primary cause is that_______________________.What is also worth noticing fact is that_____________________.Furthermore, ________________________.Although I agree that there may be couple of disadvantages to _________________.I fell that the advantages are more obvious_____________._______________, Given the factors I have just outlined, I can only say that___________________.模板十二 A or B____________改写并复述题目____________.When faced withe decision of A or B, quite a few would claim that ___________, but others, in contrast, deem A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence _________, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows.The main reason for my propensity for ________________ is that _____________.Another reason can be seen by every person is that___________________.The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because ________________________.In a word, ___________________. Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ____________________.模板十三 A or BFrom my point of view, it is advisable to choose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.The main reason for my propensity for ____________________ is that ________________.There is another factor that deserves some words here.In a word, ________________________. While it is true that the argument, I disagree hold a little bit of water, I think_______________.模板十四agree or disagreeNowadays, some may hold the opinion that ____________________. But others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree that ____________. My arguments for this point are listed as follows.I agree with the statement that ______________________without reservation since ________________.Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that________________.In a word,_________________________. Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that__________.*建议自己写模板,不会和别人的发生重复,而且自己写的模板,容易记住,用起来也得心应手。