英语语法--句子的倒装

倒装句的用法及功能



5. “so (such)… that…”结构中的so或such位于句 首时前半句用部分倒装。如： So wonderful was the film that everyone was deeply moved. 这部电影如此精彩，每个人都被深深打动了。 Such a good student is she that our teachers all love her. 她是那么好的一个学生，我们的老师都喜欢她。




3. 有些含否定意义的副词或短语seldom, hardly, scarcely, barely, never, little, not, nowhere, at no time, no sooner… than…, not until, not only… but also…, by no means, hardly (scarcely)… when…等，或表示时间的副词或短语always, often, once, then, many a time, now and then, every three hours等位于句首时用部分倒装。如： Seldom have I met him recently. No sooner had they reached home than it began to rain. Nowhere was the boy to be found. Not until the sun had set did they stop working. Often did we persuade him not to smoke. Many a time have I seen him sitting there thinking deeply.





四、让步倒装 1. as或though引导的让步状语从句，把形容词、副词、动词或名 词（不加冠词）放在句首时常用部分倒装。如： Hard as he worked, he still failed in the exam. 尽管他很用功，但他考试还是不及格。 Child though he is, he knows a lot of things. 尽管他还是个孩子，他却懂得很多事情。 2. however之类的词，位于句首时用部分倒装。如： However hard the work may be, we must do it well. 无论工作有多难，我们都必须把它做好。 Whoever you may be, I will not let you in. 不管你是谁，我都不会让你进来。 3. 动词前置 be动词用原形，用部分倒装。如： Be he poor or rich, she will marry him. 无论他是穷还是富，她都会嫁给他。
强调句的各种用法及功能

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2. 介词短语、形容词、分词等位于句首时用全部倒装。如： In front of the village is a small river. 村子前面有一条小河。 Present at the meeting were all the teachers and students in our school. 全校师生都出席了会议。 Lying on the floor was an old woman. 躺在地板上的是位老太太。 Seated on the grass are some students singing and laughing. 一些学生坐在草地上，唱着、笑着。






三、省略倒装 1. 省略了if的虚拟条件句，把had, were, should, 提到句首 时，构成部分倒装。如： Had we left a little earlier, we could have caught the train. 我们要是早点动身就赶上火车了。 Should Albert start tomorrow morning, I would get everything ready now. 2. neither/ nor（否定）或so（肯定）位于句首，表示前 面所说的情况也适用于另外一个人或物时用部分倒装。 如： He can not speak English, neither can his sister. 他不会讲英语，他的妹妹也不会。 Tom is a good student, so is Mary. 汤姆是个好学生，玛丽也是个好学生。
句子的倒装
英语基本句型

英语句子的基本结构是主语在前，谓语在 后，但是出于修辞上的需要，我们常使用 倒装结构。谓语都放在主语的前面称为全 部倒装；只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、 情态动词或系动词be）放在主语前面称为部 分倒装。倒装句内容繁杂，难以把握，但 按照下列法则归类，便可达到事半功倍的 效果。
倒装句



一、结构倒装 1. there be句型。用全部倒装。如： There are two books on the desk. There lived an old couple in that house. 2. 疑问句。用部分倒装。如： What are you going to do today? Do you often get up at 6:00 in the morning? 注意：疑问词作主语的句子不倒装。
倒装句的用法及功能



3. 表示祝愿或感叹的句子。用部分倒装。如： May you succeed! 祝你成功！ Long live the People's Republic of China! Isn”t it wonderful! 这多好呀！ How blue the sky is! 天空多蓝呀！ 4. 直接引语位于句首的陈述句，主语是名词时 用全部倒装。如： “We will put off the meeting” said the headmaster.
倒装句用的各种用法及功能

4. “only＋状语”位于句首时后面的句子用 部分到装。如： Only by working hard can you make great progress. 只有努力，你才能取得更大的进步。 Only when the war was over in 1945 was he able to get back to his motherland. 直到1945年战争结束后，他才能够回到他的 祖国。
强调句的用法及功能




二、强调倒装 1. 副词there, here, up, down, now, then, in, out, away, over, on, off, soon, thus 等位于句首，且主语是名词 时谓语常用be或表示位移的动词，用全部倒装。 如： Here comes the bus. The door opened and in came a strange man. 注意：代词作主语时部分倒装。如： Away they all went. 他们一下子都走了。