广域测量系统通信主干网的风险评估

第30卷第4期中国电机工程学报V ol.30 No.4 Feb.5, 2010

84 2010年2月5日Proceedings of the CSEE ©2010 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng.

文章编号：0258-8013 (2010) 04-0084-07 中图分类号：TM 73 文献标志码：A 学科分类号：470⋅40 广域测量系统通信主干网的风险评估

彭静1，卢继平1，汪洋1，刘家伟2

(1．输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学)，重庆市沙坪坝区 400030；

2．重庆电力公司沙坪坝供电局，重庆市沙坪坝区 400030)

Risk Assessment of Backbone Communication Network in WAMS

PENG Jing1, LU Ji-ping1, WANG Yang1, LIU Jia-wei2

(1. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology (Chongqing University),

Shapingba District, Chongqing 400030, China; 2. Chongqing Power Company Shapingba Power Supply Bureau,

Shapingba District, Chongqing 400030, China)

ABSTRACT: A mathematical model for risk assessment to communication backbone networks (CBN) in wide area measurement system (WAMS) was proposed. Considering the self-healing and ring structure characteristics of CBN, this paper gave a theoretical analysis to the model based on a typical ring network with 4 nodes and 2 optic fibers and double-direction, dual-passage through integrating qualitative and quantitative analysis. This model combined the four main factors of risk assessment together: assets, threats, vulnerabilities and risk impact. In order to get the final comprehensive risk value, the risk events probability and the risk impact value were calculated by reliability analysis and a comparison matrix which is borrowed from analytic hierarchy process (AHP), respectively. The results show that the method has a good operability and practicality, which can be used for follow-up assessment, and provides a basis to establish the security strategy for power systems.

KEY WORDS: wide area measurement system (WAMS); communication backbone network (CBN); risk assessment; reliability; analytic hierarchy process (AHP)

摘要：根据电力系统中广域测量系统(wide area measurement system，WAMS)通信主干网的自愈环形结构特点，以一个

具代表性的4节点2纤双向通道环网为例，通过定性分析和

定量计算相结合，提出了WAMS通信主干网的风险评估模

型和计算方法。该模型将风险评估涉及的资产、威胁、脆弱

点和风险影响4大要素有机融合。采用可靠性分析方法计算

出风险事件发生的概率，借鉴层次分析法中构建比较判断矩

基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973项目)(2004CB 217908)。

The National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2004CB 217908). 阵实现风险影响值的量化计算，从而得出通信主干网的风险综合值。计算结果表明所提出的方法具有良好的实用性和可操作性，可用于后续的评估工作，并为电力系统制定安全保护策略提供了依据。

关键词：广域测量系统；通信主干网；风险评估；可靠性；层次分析法

0 引言

广域测量系统可以在同一参考时间框架下捕捉到大规模互联电网的实时稳态及动态信息，它能完成传统的数据采集与监控(supervisory control and data acquisition，SCADA)和能量管理系统(energy management system，EMS)不能完成的实时测量和紧急保护控制功能。为能在更精准的时间尺度和更广泛的空间跨度上对电力系统进行实时监控，WAMS对其通信网络提出了更高的实时性、可靠性和安全性要求。全光纤网络的交叉连接器和光分插复用器的出现促进了波分复用(wavelength division multiplexing，WDM) 技术的研究和发展。WDM环网保留了环形结构的自愈特性，同时还可以在不改变系统结构的情况下进行容量的平滑升级，它是组建高速、大容量通信系统的优选方案。目前，基于WDM光网络承载IP业务的自愈环网已经广泛应用于WAMS通信主干网络[1-5]。

风险管理一词最早出现于1956年的哈佛商业评论[6]，当时所谓的风险主要是指保险公司的财务风险，如今风险评估已经成为一门整合性的新科学，涉及到技术、管理和社会等各个层面。对于大区域电网而言，WAMS中传输的实时数据直接影响