非谓语讲练(学生版朱兰英)

非谓语动词（学生版）（一）非谓语动词的句法功能：充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分（二）非谓语动词的分类，意义，构成：（三）非谓语动词的考点：Ⅰ、谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别高考题点击：1. “Can‟t you read?” Mary said _____ to the notice.A. angrily pointingB. and point angrilyC. angrily pointedD. and angrily pointing析：两个动作之间用and 连接称为并列谓语，并列谓语需注意两个动词的形式的一致性，故B、D皆错；不用and 连接时称之为状语，只能用非谓语动词作状语，故C错。

2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods.A. seizing, disappearedB. seized, disappearedC. seizing, disappearingD. seized, disappearingⅡ、非谓语动词作主语，注意以下两个重要问题：第一是并行结构问题，即主表一致性如：Seeing is believing.第二需要注意一些结构：A)It’s no use (no good) doing sth.如：It‟s no use quarrelling with such a fellow .B) 在It’s + adj. 结构中都用不定式作主语。

注意两种句型：It’s easy (difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary…) + for sb. to do It’s kind (nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate (考虑周到的),mean(卑鄙的), silly, selfish (自私的) )后加of sb. to doⅢ、非谓语动词作表语The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make 注意两个问题:一是并行结构问题To see is to believe二是时间问题：一般来说，不定式作表语都表示该动作发生在将来，故在表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等名词作主语时其表语应该用不定式。

动名词作表语一般用来表示“身份、职业”等。

My job is teaching.My dream of life is to become a scientist.另外要特别注意现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别。

现在分词说明主语所具有的特征；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。

Ⅳ、非谓语动词作定语高考题点击:1.The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt2. A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night.A. advisedB. attendedC. attemptedD. admitted3. The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD. being hung非谓语动词作定语时要注意以下区别：A) 分词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系；B) 动名词作定语时只表示用途、场所等意义；C) 不定式作定语时要注意以下一些固定结构：在ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, power, right , time 等名词后；由序数词,only, last, next 或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语；I don‟t think he is the best man ________(do)the job.He is always the first / the last one __________ (leave) the office.D) 表示被动意义的非谓语动词作定语时的用法：done 表示已经完成的动作to be done 表示尚未开始的动作being done 表示正在进行之中的动作Ⅴ、非谓语动词作宾语1. How about the two of us ___ a walk down the garden?A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking2. I don‟t want ___ like I‟m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager‟s pla n is unfair.A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded3. I‟ve worked with children before, so I know what _____ in my new job.A. expectedB. to expectC. to be expectingD. expects注意仅带不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, refuse, offer, promise, decide, determine, intend, manage, fail, hope, expect, long, wish, tend, desire, plan, pretend, 等；动词know, show 等常带疑问词加to do 作宾语。

在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

即：consider / feel / think / find / make it n./adj. to do sth.例如：I found it impossible to finish the work on time.4. I really appreciate _____ to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had timeB. having timeC. to have timeD. to having time仅带动名词作宾语的动词为：admit advocate(提倡) appreciate，avoid，delay，enjoy，escape，excuse，prevent，finish，imagine，mind，miss，practise，resist，risk，suggest，stand，forgive，keep，allow permit，forbid，advise等。

但如果在allow permit forbid advise后提到有关的人，就只能用不定式作宾补。

在动词want, need, require, deserve 等词后加动名词作宾语时表示被动意义，相当于to be done。

特别注意：带不定式和动名词作宾语意义不同的动词：remember, forget, regret, try, go on, mean, stop stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事stop doing 停止正在做的事remember/forget/regret to do （指动作尚未发生）remember/forget/regret doing（指动作已经发生）try to do （设法，努力去做，尽力）try doing （试试去做，看有何结果）mean to do（打算做，企图做）mean doing （意识是，意味着）go on to do（接着做另外一件事）go on doing（接着做同一件事）can‟t help (to) do （不能帮忙做）can‟t help doing （忍不住要做）5. --- You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.--- Well, now I regret _____ that.A. to doB. to be doingC. to have doneD. having done6. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ___ at the party, but not______A. to arrive; leavingB. to arrive, to leaveC. arriving; leavingD. arriving; to leave7. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. to be waiting要特别注意to 的词性，分析其为介词还是不定式。

如：be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to，stick to，turn to ，devote oneself to，be devoted to，look forward to，pay attention to, get down to，contribute to, lead to 等to 为介词。

8. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _____some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up9. --- How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?--- The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand ____ by the customers.A. to solving … makingB. to solving … madeC. to solve … makingD. to solve … madeⅥ、非谓语动词作宾补1. Paul doesn‟t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning2. A computer does only what thinking people _____.A. have it doB. have it doneC. have done itD. having it done3. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _____ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out4. The missing boys were last seen _____ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play特别注意：hope, agree, demand, refuse 等没有宾补。