商务谈判课后题答案
商务谈判技巧,你需要学会的那些事课后测试
商务谈判技巧,你需要学会的那些事课后测试1、对战略方向有帮助时,怎样设定谈判底线?(10分)A放低底线B适当留利润C设高底线D无所谓正确答案:A2、以下哪一项不是谈判开局时应该掌握的原则?(10分)A开价高于实价B不要接受第一次出价C做一个不情愿的谈判者D不要花过多时间寒暄正确答案:D3、根据麦拉宾的三维沟通理论学说,以下哪种因素在沟通中占比最高?(10分)A肢体语言B语音语调C文字D微笑正确答案:A4、培养表达能力常用的一种方法是?(10分)A看电影B看图说话C看看演讲D背诵正确答案:B5、以探寻需求、了解情况、掌握信息为目的的问题类型是?(10分)A选择性问题B封闭式问题C开放式问题D是非性问题正确答案:C1、“铁人王进喜”那张照片泄漏了大庆油田哪些方面的信息?(10分)A地点B交通C年产量D石油储藏量正确答案:A B C2、收集和分析信息数据的作用有哪些?(10分)A有助于制定沟通战略和谈判目标B加强沟通谈判沟通与受众的紧密粘合度C有助于控制谈判的沟通过程D体现对谈判的重视和专业性正确答案:A B C3、收集信息的途径到底有哪些?(10分)A从对方的雇员当收集信息B从对方的合作伙伴收集信息C从网络收集信息D从历史资料收集信息E直接询问对方来收集信息正确答案:A B C D E4、确定谈判中间环节节奏快慢的原则有哪些?(10分)A谈判趋势是否对本方有利B谈判对象是否是主谈判人C谈判金额是否客观D谈判时间的长短正确答案:A B5、如何与他人实现“共情”?(10分)A读万卷书B行万里路C阅人无数D高人指路正确答案:A B C。
商务谈判课后答案
《商务谈判——理论、技巧、案例》作业题答案要点方其编写中国人民大学出版社编者前言应本教材使用院校广大老师的要求,我们以《商务谈判——理论、技巧、案例》为基本依据,编写了本教材作业题的答案要点,考虑到“案例与分析”部分的弹性比较大,答案要点仅限于“复习与思考”部分。
由于编者水平不高,再加上有些题目没有统一答案,错误之处难以避免,敬请在使用过程中给予纠正。
目录第一章商务谈判概述………………………………………第二章商务谈判的类型与内容…………………………第三章商务谈判准备……………………………………第四章商务谈判过程……………………………………第五章商务谈判心理研究………………………………………………第六章商务谈判策略……………………………………………………第七章商务谈判语言技巧………………………………………………第八章处理僵局技巧……………………………………………………第九章优势谈判技巧……………………………………………………第十章劣势谈判技巧……………………………………………………第十一章均势谈判技巧……………………………………………………第十二章涉外商务谈判技巧………………………………………………第十三章商务谈判的法律规定……………………………………………第十四章商务谈判协议的履行……………………………………………第十五章商务谈判的礼仪与禁忌…………………………………………第一章商务谈判概述一、基本概念1、谈判是具有利害关系的参与各方出于某种需要,在一定的时空条件下,就所关心或争执的问题进行相互采协调和让步,力求达到协议的过程和行为。
2、商务谈判是买卖双方为了促成交易而进行的活动,或是为了解决买卖双方的争端,并取得各自的经济利益的一种方法和手段。
3、互利互惠原则是指谈判双方在讨价还价、激烈争辩中,重视双方的共同利益尤其是考虑并尊重对方的利益诉求,从而达到在优势互补中实现自己利益最大化。
4、立场服从利益原则是指谈判双方在处理立场与利益的关系中立足于利益而在立场方面作出一定的让步。
商务谈判习题答案 仅答案范文
第1章课程综述【课堂练习】〖单项选择题〗⒈C⒉D⒊B4D5.D【课后作业】〖案例分析〗案例一价格磋商是谈判的需要就因为那个售货员不经过价格磋商就以250元把钟卖给了他们,而商务谈判恰恰是以价格谈判为核心的。
案例二参考答案:(1)说明中国人的谈判带有严重的封建官僚色彩(2)会导致谈判破裂或损害中方利益的结果。
(3)应该指派具有相应专业知识和能力的商务人员、技术人员和法律人员替换原小组中的3名政府官员参与谈判。
第2章谈判概述【课堂练习】〖单项选择题〗1.A2.C3.B)4.A5.C6B⒎A【课后作业】〖案例分析〗参考答案:两个孩子的谈判过程实际上就是不断沟通,创造价值的过程。
双方都在寻求对自己最大利益的方案的同时,也满足对方的最大利益的需要。
商务谈判的过程实际上也是一样。
好的谈判者并不是一味固守立场,追求寸步不让,而是要与对方充分交流,从双方的最大利益出发,开发出更好的解决方案,必要时可用相对较小的让步来换得最大的利益。
第3章商务谈判的类型与原则【课堂练习】〖单项选择题〗1. (B)2.(D)3 C 4. C 5.(D)6. C 7. C 8. C 9. C 10.(A)11. B 12. C【课后作业】〖案例分析〗参考答案:百事可乐在与印度政府的谈判中遵循了平等原则、互惠互利原则、重利益不重立场原则和诚信原则。
2第4章商务谈判的评价标准及成功模式【课堂练习】〖单项选择题〗1. B2. D【课后作业】〖案例分析〗参考答案:1、双方都站在自己的角度、立场、利益去谈,没有合作、协商、考虑对方所需利益,所以才能谈了一上午的时间反而不欢而散,如此谈法谈再长的时间也不会谈出双方满意的结果。
2、谈判有可能不散,至少可以避免“不欢而散”。
史密斯公司应按代理地位谈判的要求做到:“姿态超脱、态度积极’应做“好人”,站在双方的角度协商双方的利益达成共识。
第5章商务谈判准备【课堂练习】〖单项选择题〗A C C A DC A B C BC B B B C【课后作业】〖案例分析〗案例一参考答案:从中方来看,胜利的最关键一点在于对对方信息充分的收集整理,用大量客观的数据给对方施加压力。
(完整版)商务谈判参考答案.doc
名词解释简答题简答题1.模拟谈判:是在谈判前对谈判过程1.谈判活动具备哪些一般特征?6.谈判中如何坚持客观标准的原则?的预演,是从己方人员中选出某些人①谈判是一种目的性很强的活动;②①定义:是坚持协议中必须反映出不扮演谈判对手的角色,提出各种假设谈判是一种双向交流与沟通的过程;受哪一方立场左右的公正的客观标和臆测,从对手的谈判立场、观点、③它是“施”与“受”兼而有之的一准。
谈判依据的是客观标准,而不是风格等出发,和己方主谈人员进行谈种互动过程;④它同时含有“合作”某一方的压力。
通过对客观标准的讨判演习,目的在于检验谈判计划的完与“冲突”两种成分;⑤它是“互惠”论而不是固执地坚持自己的立场,就善与否,同时谈判者也得到一些临场的,但并非均等的。
可以避免任何一方向方屈服的问题,经验。
2.在谈判的开局阶段,如何建立良好使双方都服从于公正的解决方法。
2.软硬兼施策略:也称红白脸策略,的谈判气氛?②做法:客观标准关系到谈判双方,是在谈判中迫使对方让步的策略之 1. 把握气氛形成的关键时机 2. 运用中选择客观标准应该是独立于双方的意一,就是在谈判人员的角色搭配及手性话题,加强沟通 3. 树立诚实、可信、志之外,并且为双方认可和接受。
如段的运用上软硬相间,刚柔并济。
富有合作精神的谈判者形象 4. 注意利果双方认为每个问题都需要双方共同3.转化处理法:是指推销人员巧妙地用正式谈判前的场外非正式接触 5. 合努力去寻求客观标准,每一方就都应把顾客的异议转化成顾客购买理由的理组织在最能反映客观标准的问题上理智从一种方法。
3.推销面谈前约见准顾客有何意义?事。
如果要修改某些公正的标准,必4.硬式谈判法:也称立场型谈判,是 1. 有助于推销人员成功地接近顾客;须在提出了更好的建议后才可加以考商务谈判方法之一,是指参与者只关 2. 有助于推销人员顺利地开展推销面虑,而不能因为对方施加了压力、威心自己的利益,注重维护己方的立场,谈; 3. 有助于推销人员客观地进行推胁等将自己的意志强加于人的手段,不轻易向对方做出让步的谈判。
商务谈判技巧,你需要掌控的那些事课后测试
商务谈判技巧,你需要掌控的那些事课后测试1、以下哪一项不是精准让步的常用方法或原则?(10分)A在次要问题让步B假设性提议,条件换条件C清晰交接局势前提下的一揽子判断D尽快拿下谈判正确答案:D2、在次要问题上让步的前提条件是?(10分)A谈判陷入僵局或胶着状态时B对方开出的条件难以接受C对方很在意D谈判接近尾声正确答案:A3、应对谈判底线,谈判前要做的针对性准备是?(10分)A准确了解对方信息B掌握对手实际情况C了解对方的员工人数D做好相应预案和解决方案正确答案:D1、应对疑难问题的技巧有哪些?(10分)A加垫子B迎合C主导D制约正确答案:A B C D2、打价格战需要做好的重要准备有哪些?(10分)A知己知彼,充分了解客户信息B把握好价格战的时机C资金准备D心理准备正确答案:A B3、制订工作计划的要素有哪些?(10分)A目标B措施C资源D预案正确答案:A B C D4、结束谈判的收尾方式有哪些?(10分)A接受的让步B折中C二择一D其他正确答案:A B C5、什么条件下可以结束谈判?(10分)A谈判双方对条款了解清楚B即使谈判没有最终结果,双方有新的约定C部分达成谈判目标D达到谈判目标或条件正确答案:A B D6、当你的谈判底线不断被挑战时,正确的做法是?(10分)A不能说不B换个角度考虑问题C条件换条件并践行诺言D惩罚对方不信守承诺行为正确答案:A B C D7、谈判中交流的筹码有哪些?(10分)A金额B时间C权利D资源正确答案:A B C D。
商务谈判课后习题答案(樊...)
章后基本训练参考答案与提示第1章□能力题案例分析1)商务谈判。
2)谈判当事人是小芳、小芳母亲和吉利大厦的售货员、柜组主任;谈判议题是买卖女上衣;谈判背景为春节前夕、小芳母亲需要、商厦促销、标价已打九折。
第2章□技能题2.2.2 综合题采用快速跳跃式谈判模式,从难到易跳跃,即先就分歧较大的条款进行磋商,然后再去敲定其他易于解决的问题。
□能力题案例分析1)民生电器批发商城因几乎不能满足其最低利益而断然拒绝交易。
2)采购员小刘此次谈判主要失误是只考虑己方利益,而几乎没有考虑对方的利益。
如果不仅考虑己方利益,同时也考虑对方利益,使对方得到一定的利益空间,如谈判目标为每箱价格610元至645元,谈判可能成功。
第3章3.2.1 实务题不可。
因为英国人一般视孔雀为祸鸟。
3.2.2 综合题1)品质。
应以样品、规格等级、品牌商标、产地名称等为标准。
2)价格。
解决的价格水平即单价,价格计算的方式即采用固定价格或非固定价格,价格术语的运用即FOB、CIF、C&F等问题。
3)交货。
解决好装运时间、装运地和目的地等问题。
4)支付。
注意解决支付手段、支付时间、支付货币、支付方式等问题。
□能力题案例分析1)对于通用设备,双方可按市场通行价、比较同类商品价和政策价(在成套设备供应时,供方会加集成费用)来磋商价格。
专用设备可按成本与效益核算,按比较价和政策价来磋商价格。
2)可先谈技术贸易的对象及方式,是专有技术还是专利技术;技术费如何计算而来,即采取的什么支付方式,是一次总算、提成,还是入门费加提成。
搞清这些信息后再进行技术价格谈判。
如为专有技术费,当以一次总算计价时,双方可就投入年数、年投入额、提成率三个因素的核定进行谈判,以定成交价;当以提成(营业额提成或利润提成)计价时,则对年数、产量、单价、提成率各数进行分别的又相互挂钩的谈判,以控制总提成数;当以入门费加提成计价时,应按心理取数法与比例取数法谈好入门费,再视提成的年限、产量、单价、提成率确定营业额提成数或参考利润率确定利润提成价。
商务谈判的四种沟通能力---课后测试及答案
商务谈判的四种沟通能力课后测试1、运用正向反弹力组织语言时,需要包括哪些要素()(10分)A认同+行为+价值+质问B认同+行为+价值+欣赏C理解+行为+损失+期望D理解+行为+损失+否定正确答案:B1、结构化的表达金字塔结构包括哪些关键要素()(10分)A结论先行B以上统下C归类分组D顺序逻辑正确答案:ABCD2、在谈判的过程中通常采用的逻辑顺序包括()(10分)A时间顺序B结构顺序C喜好顺序D重要性顺序正确答案:ABD3、在谈判的过程中产生分歧时,如何更好的理解客户的想法()(10分)A诊断原因B忽略问题C探究影响D构想能力正确答案:ACD4、在谈判的过程中,可以通过提问哪种类型的问题来提升理解力()(10分)A敞开式B收缩式C确认式D质疑式正确答案:ABC5、在谈判过程中,为了做到深度倾听,我们可以采用哪些肢体语言()(10分)A适时的点头、微笑B目光接触C记录D肢体同步正确答案:ABCD6、有效倾听的3F原则包括()(10分)A倾听事实B倾听感情C倾听情绪D倾听意图正确答案:ABD1、压力的本质是对未知事件悲观解释的结果,我们可以通过红转绿压力调节法来释放和缓解压力。
(10分)A正确B错误正确答案:正确2、我们在表达过程中容易出现主题不清、繁琐啰嗦、过于平淡等问题,原因可能是因为我们的表达没有结构,陷入了思维混乱、内容混乱、表达混乱的误区。
(10分)A正确B错误正确答案:正确3、深度倾听是指通过具体的行为让对方感觉到我在倾听,理解所听到的内容,与对方产生共鸣。
(10分)A正确B错误正确答案:正确。
商务谈判实务第3版- 课后习题答案
商务谈判实务第3版- 课后习题答案第1章课后习题参考答案一、判断题1.×2. ×3.×4.×5.×6.√7.√二、选择题1. AB2. AB3. CD4. A5. ABC6. A7. ABC8. AD9. A 10. C三、简答题1. 答:基本点包括:①判断动机出于双方需要、利益;②参与判断的双方都与利益有关;③谈判方式一定是自愿的平等的。
谈判是参与各方为了满足各自的需要,在一定时空条件下,就所关心的问题进行磋商,就所争执的问题相互协调与让步,努力达成协议的过程和行为。
2. 答:商务谈判是指人们为了协调彼此之间的商务关系,满足各自的商务需求,通过协商对话以争取达成某项商务交易的行为和过程。
3. 答:①坚持利益为本;②坚持互惠互利;③坚持客观标准;④坚持求大同存;⑤知己知彼的原则;⑥平等协商的原则;⑦人与事分开的原则;⑧礼敬对手的原则。
4. 答:谈判主体、谈判客体和谈判背景三个要素构成。
5. 答:评价商务谈判是否成功的价值标准归纳为三个方面:目标实现标准、成本优化标准和人际关系标准。
只要能达到标准,谈判就属于谈判成功。
6. 答:商务谈判按照不同的要求可以划分为不同的类型,可以分为国内商务谈判和国际商务谈判;商品贸易谈判和非商品贸易谈判;一对一谈判,小组谈判和大型谈判;主座谈判、客座谈判和主客座轮流谈判;软式谈判、硬式谈判和原则式谈判;传统式谈判和现代式谈判。
四、案例题1. (1) 答:商务谈判。
(2) 答:议题:买卖女上衣。
背景:春节前夕,小芳母亲需要上衣,商厦促销,标价已打9折。
当事人:小芳,小芳母亲,售货员,柜组主任。
实践题1-1:畅谈谈判经历答:略。
实践题1-2:畅谈谈判经历1. 答:(1)要求见经理。
2. 答:(2)这是个令人尴尬而又不利的场面。
3. 答:(3)现有设备的司机。
第2章课后习题参考答案开篇案例答案:1.土著人抓住了科恩的自我实现和自尊的心理,另外一方面毛毯披肩在价格合理的情况下也满足了科恩的需要。
商务谈判与礼仪(课后题答案)
《商务谈判与礼仪》课后练习答案第一章认识商务谈判与礼仪 (2)课后练习 (2)第二章商务谈判的准备 (3)课后练习 (3)第三章商务谈判的过程 (5)课后练习 (5)第四章商务谈判的语言沟通 (8)课后练习 (8)第五章个人礼仪 (9)课后练习 (9)第六章交际礼仪 (13)课后练习 (13)第一章认识商务谈判与礼仪课后练习1.如何实现谈判中的“双赢”?提示:应从志愿、平等、互利和求同等原则入手,认识和把握谈判的原则,有助于维护谈判各方的权益,提高谈判的成功率并指导谈判策略的运用。
2. 怎样理解谈判双方是问题的解决者而不是敌人或朋友?提示:谈判泛指一切为寻求意见一致而进行协商、交涉、商量、磋商的活动。
双方(或多方)有共同的利益,也有分歧之处;双方(或多方)都有解决问题和分歧的愿望;双方(或多方)愿意采取一定行动达成协议;双方(或多方)都能互利互惠。
并以目标性、交流性、公平性为基础。
3.你在生活中常常扮演谈判者的角色吗?你能举一两个你参与过的谈判事例吗?提示:应从谈判类型、谈判背景及谈判目的入手,着重介绍。
4.国际商务谈判有何特点?提示:(1)以利益为目的。
(2)以价格为核心。
(3)以合同条款为结果。
(4)以时效为要求。
5.讨论并分析大学生掌握礼仪礼节的重要意义何在。
提示:礼仪泛指人们在社会交往活动过程中逐步形成、演变和发展的,为现代社会的人们所共同认可并应当共同遵守的行为规范和准则。
其本质是通过某些规范化的行为,交流与表达人与人之间的真诚、尊重、友好、体谅等情感,是人的社会关系的体现。
通俗地说,现代交际礼仪就是人们待人接物的一种惯例,有助于调节和增进人与人之间的交往和联系。
它已经成为社会交际活动中不可缺少的内容。
礼仪还可以塑造个人形象、促进人际交往、改善人际关系、促进社会和谐等。
6.调查本校学生现代交际礼仪缺失的现状,分析原因并提出改善措施。
提示:从提高认识,高度重视礼仪;努力学习,加强知识积累;陶冶情感,时刻尊重他人;磨练意志,养成礼仪习惯四方面提出改善措施。
商务谈判(第四版)参考答案[17页]
第一章商务谈判概述同步测试一、单项选择1.C2.C3.D4.C5.A6.A7.B8.D9.B 10.C二、多项选择1.BCD2.ABD3.ABDEF4.ABCDF5.BCE三、简答论述(答题要点)1. 联系实际,试述商务谈判的基本原则。
平等互利原则、真诚合作原则、灵活机动原则、守法原则、守信原则。
2.你认为怎样的谈判才算是一场成功的谈判。
谈判是一项平等互利的合作事业,从这个观点出发,可以把评价商务谈判是否成功的标准归纳为三个方面:实现目标、优化成本、建立人际关系。
3.有人认为谈判就是比赛,目的就是为了获胜,你认为对吗?为什么?不正确。
因为从本质上说,谈判的直接原因是因为参与谈判的各方有自己的需要,或者是自己所代表的某个组织有某种需要,而一方需要的满足又可能无视他方的需要。
因此,谈判双方参加谈判的主要目的,就不能仅仅以只追求自己的需要为出发点,而是应该通过磋商,寻找使双方都能接受的方案,满足谈判双方的需要。
有时候,谈判各方的需要是多方面的,这就要求谈判者掌握对方的心理,采取针对性的策略满足对方多方面的需求。
4.商务谈判的特点是什么?(1)交易对象的广泛性和不确定性;(2)以获得经济利益为目的;(3)以价值谈判为核心;(4)特别注重合同条款的严密性与准确性;(5)具有底线。
5.举一个发生在你身上的生活中的谈判案例,想一想成功或失败的原因是什么?略(学生自由发挥)。
案例分析(答题提示)案例一1. 国家医保局为什么要对已经在医保目录内的药品进行降价谈判?降价的14种药品,价格比较昂贵,它们占用医保资金均超过10亿元以上,进入医保目录已久,相关研发成本早已收回,具备了降价空间。
经过专业测算,然后和企业进行谈判,形成一个更加合理的价格。
这个价格是符合当前形势不断变化的需要,能够让医药结构更加优化,并且可以调剂出一部分基金,用于扩大医药保障范围,提高保障水平。
这次谈判最重要的意义是惠泽民生,能够让更多人买得起药,吃得起药,治得好病,减轻负担。
商务谈判课后题答案
名词解释纵向谈判:是指在确定谈判的主要问题后,逐个讨论每一问题和条款,讨论一个问题,解决一个问题,一直到谈判结束的一种谈判方式。
(P53).横向谈判:是指在确定谈判所涉及的主要问题后,多项议题同时讨论,周而复始反复进行,直到所有内容都谈妥为止的一种谈判方式。
(P53).报价:这里所说的报价,不只是指产品在价格方面的要价,而是泛指谈判的一方对谈判的另一方提出自己的所有要求,包括商品的数量、质量、包装、价格、装运、保险、支付、商检、索赔、仲裁等交易条件,其中价格条件是最核心和最敏感的的交易条件。
谈判礼仪:是商务谈判人员在商务谈判过程中所必须遵守的,用来维护个体组织形象和对谈判对手表示尊重与友好的惯例以及形式。
谈判策略:指谈判人员为取得预期的谈判目标而采取的措施和手段的总和。
利益目标:(课本上没找到网上也没搜到事关考试所以没写)双赢理念:是指参与谈判的任何一方都必须抱着合作的诚意参与谈判,谈判的目的在于寻找时谈判双方均有所获得的方案。
有限权力:是指谈判人员使用权利的有限性。
谈判专家认为,受到限制的权力才具有真正的力量。
心理学 :心理学是一门涵盖多种专业领域的科学,但就其根本而言,心理学是一种研究人类行为和心理过程的科学。
既是一门理论学科,也是应用学科。
包括理论心理学与应用心理学两大领域。
美学:研究人们对客观世界的审美关系的科学。
气质:气质是一个人的稳定性心理活动的动力特征,它主要是由神经过程的生理特点所决定的。
气质:是一个人的稳定的心理活动的动力特征,它主要是由神经过程的生理特点所决定的。
性格:是指人对客观现实的态度和行为方式中经常表现出来的稳定倾向。
他是个性特征的核心,决定人的活动的内容和方向。
能力:是人成功地完成活动所必须的个性心理特征。
它有两种含义:一种是指实际能力,即个人已经具备并表现出来的能力,他是个人先天遗传基础加上学习的结果;另一种是潜在能开,即个人将来可能发展并表现的能力,又称为行向。
《商务谈判》章后习题答案
《商务谈判》章后习题答案第1章□知识题1.1 阅读明白得1〕阅教材p4—6。
2〕阅教材p6—7。
3〕阅教材p7—9。
4〕阅教材p10—14。
1.2 知识应用1.2.1 选择题1〕谈判是和谐双方的利益。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕+2,〔3〕+1,〔4〕-5。
2〕从表面看,这一观点近乎绝对化,然而在实践中运用,那么大有裨益。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕+2,〔3〕0,〔4〕-5。
3〕谈判者的素养,关于谈判的成功至关重要。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕+3,〔3〕-2,〔4〕-5。
4〕没有谈判议题,谈判就无从开始和无法进行。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕0,〔3〕-3,〔4〕-5。
5〕谈判背景是谈判所处的客观条件,任何谈判都不能离开一定的客观条件。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕+1,〔3〕-3,〔4〕-5。
6〕为了采取有效的谈判策略,必须充分考虑谈判类型。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕+2,〔3〕0,〔4〕-5。
7〕买方谈判或卖方谈判,是依据谈判方在交易中是处于买方依旧处于卖方的身份来区分的。
得分:〔1〕+5,〔2〕0,〔3〕0,〔4〕0。
8〕谈判中一味坚持强硬立场,不仅不利于达成协议,而且即使达成某些妥协也不利于顺利履行,同时,不利于建立和巩固良好的关系。
得分:〔1〕-5,〔2〕-3,〔3〕+5,〔4〕0。
9〕在于谈判背景不同,它是由谈判参与方的国域界限造成的,又导致了文化、语言等差异,同时,文化、语言也属于谈判背景。
得分:〔1〕+3,〔2〕+2,〔3〕+5,〔4〕0。
1.2.2 判定题1〕√ 2〕√ 3〕√ 4〕× 5〕√□能力题案例分析1〕商务谈判。
2〕谈判当事人是小芳、小芳母亲和吉利大厦的售货员、柜组主任;谈判议题是买卖女上衣;谈判背景为春节前夕、小芳母亲需要、商厦促销、标价已打九折。
第2章□知识题2.1 阅读明白得1〕阅教材p19。
2〕阅教材p20—21。
3〕阅教材p22—23。
4〕阅教材p23—26。
5〕阅教材p27—28。
商务谈判学课后答案
《商务谈判》思考题第 1 页第 2 页第 3 页第 4 页第 5 页篇二:商务谈判考试试题及答案试卷一第一部分选择题一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分) 1.按谈判中双方所采取的的态度,可以将谈判分为立场型谈判、原则型谈判和(a)a.软式谈判b.集体谈判c.横向谈判d.投资谈判2.在商务谈判中,双方地位平等是指双方在__上的平等。
(c)a.实力b.经济利益c.法律d.级别3.价格条款的谈判应由____承提。
( b )a.法律人员b.商务人员c.财务人员d.技术人员4.市场信息的语言组织结构包括文字式结构和__结构。
(b)a.图形式b.数据式c.表格式d.组合式5.根据谈判者让步的程度,谈判风格可分为软弱型模式、强有力模式和( a)a.合作型模式b.对立型模式c.温和型模式d.中立型模式6.在国际商务谈判中,有两种典型的报价战术,即西欧式报价和(b )a.中国式报价b.日本式报价c.东欧式报价d.中东式报价7.在缺乏谈判经验的情况下,进行一些较为陌生的谈判,谈判人员应采取_____的让步方式。
(b)a.坚定b.等额c.风险性d.不平衡8.商务谈判中,作为摸清对方需要,掌握对方心理的手段是(a)a.问b.听c.看d.说9.谈判中的讨价还价主要体现在___上。
(d)a.叙b.答c.问d.辩10.谈判中最为纷繁多变,也是经常发生破裂的阶段是谈判(b)a.初期b.中期c.协议期d.后期11.国际商务谈判中,非人员风险主要有政治风险、自然风险和(b)a.技术风险b.市场风险c.经济风险d.素质风险12.谈判中,双方互赠礼品时,西方人较为重视礼物的意义和(d)a.礼物价值b.礼物包装c.礼物类型d.感情价值13.谈判中以与别人保持良好关系为满足的谈判心理属于是(b)a.进取型b.关系型c.权力型d. 自我型14.英国人的谈判风格一般表现为( c )a.讲效率b.守信用c.按部就班d.有优越感15.日本人的谈判风格一般表现为(d)a.直截了当b.不讲面子c.等级观念弱d.集团意识强二、多项选择题(本大题共11小题,每小题1分,共11分) 16.关于国际货物买卖的国际惯例主要有(abd)a.《国际贸易术语解释通则》b.《华沙--牛津规则》c.《海牙规则》d.《美国1941年修订的国际贸易定义》17.还盘的具体方法有(cd)a.询问对方的交易条件b.拒绝成交c.请求重新发盘d.修改发盘18.对谈判人员素质的培养包括( bcd)a.家庭的培养b.社会的培养c.企业的培养d.自我培养19.国际经济贸易活动中解决争端的普遍的、基本的方式是( bc )a.第三方协调b.仲裁c.诉讼d.贸易报复20.谈判信息传递的基本方式有( abd )a.明示方式b.暗示方式c.广告方式d.意会方式21.谈判议程的内容包括(bc )a.模拟谈判b.时间安排c.确定谈判议题d.确定谈判人员22.进行报价解释时必须遵循的原则是( abcd)a.不问不答b.有问必答c.避实就虚d.能言不书23.迫使对方让步的主要策略有(abd )a.利用竞争b.最后通牒c.撤出谈判d.软硬兼施24.选择自己所在单位作为谈判地点的优势有( cd )a.便于侦察对方b.容易寻找借口c.易向上级请示汇报d.方便查找资料与信息25.谈判中迂回入题的方法有( ab)a.从题外语入题b.从自谦入题c.从确定议题入题d.从询问对方交易条件入题26.国际商务谈判中的市场风险具体有( bcd )a.投资风险b.利率风险c.汇率风险d.价格风险第二部分非选择题三、判断改错题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)判断下列命题正误,正确的在其题干后的括号内打√,错误的打╳,并改正。
商务谈判课后习题答案樊
商务谈判课后习题答案(樊。
商务谈判课后习题答案
1.商务谈判的定义是什么?商务谈判是指两个或多个组织或个体之间通过交
流、协商和讨论,以达成共同目标、解决问题或达成协议的过程。
2.商务谈判的目标是什么?商务谈判的目标是通过有效的沟通和协商,达成
双方都可以接受的协议,实现双方的利益最大化。
3.商务谈判的原则有哪些?商务谈判的原则包括诚信、互利互惠、平等互
利、协商一致、持久有效、灵活变通等。
4.商务谈判的准备工作有哪些?商务谈判的准备工作包括对对方的了解、对
谈判的目标和利益的明确、制定谈判策略和计划、确定最低底线、收集相关信息和数据等。
5.商务谈判的流程是怎样的?商务谈判的流程通常包括准备、开场、交流、
协商、达成协议和总结等阶段。
6.商务谈判中如何处理分歧和争议?处理分歧和争议的方法包括倾听对方的
观点、提出自己的意见、寻找共同点、寻求妥协、寻求中立的第三方进行调解等。
7.商务谈判中如何提高谈判技巧?提高谈判技巧的方法包括积极倾听、善于
提问、掌握谈判技巧、保持冷静和理性、善于观察和分析对方的行为等。
8.商务谈判中如何处理谈判中的压力和紧张感?处理谈判中的压力和紧张感
的方法包括深呼吸、积极思考、保持冷静和理性、寻求支持和帮助、调整自己的心态等。
9.商务谈判中如何建立良好的合作关系?建立良好的合作关系的方法包括积
极主动、展示诚信和责任感、尊重对方、注重合作和共赢、建立互信和信任等。
10.商务谈判中的谈判失败如何处理?处理谈判失败的方法包括分析失败的原
因、总结经验教训、调整自己的策略和计划、重新制定谈判目标、寻求其他解决方案等。
英语商务谈判课后答案
英语商务谈判课后答案第⼀单元II. Discussion1. Students should identify:1.macro and micro information to be researched2. objectives and targets to be achieved3.strategies to be chosen and agenda to be set4. negotiation team members to be involved5. locations where negotiations to be conducted6. Adjusting based on reality backed up by learning1. macro and micro information to be researched1) Information on related environmental factorsThe political state, Religious belief, The legal system, Business convention, Social customs,Financial state, Infrastructure and logistics system, Climate factor2) Knowledge of the opponentNature of the company, Development history, Financial and credit status, Features of its products,World market shares, Production and supply capacity, Price levels, Preferred payment terms,Negotiation targets or objectives, Nature of the company, Credit status and financial status,Individuals3) Knowledge of competitorsSupply of and demand for the products, Information about similar products, Technological development trends, Production capacity, Operational states, Market shares of the major producers, Sales forces, Price levels, distribution channels, competition and relationship between or among rivals4) Knowledge of oneselfcapacities and abilities to supply, operational conditions2. objectives and targets to be achieved1) Defining one’s interest2) Clarifying objectivesPrioritizing one’s goalsEstablishing goals3)Building one’s BATNA3.strategies to be chosen and agenda to be set1) Choosing a strategy (5 types)2) Setting an agenda (the order:1-4-3-2)4.negotiation team members to be involved1) One-on-One vs Team NegotiationAdvantages and Disadvantages2) The LeaderObligations /responsibilities/ job descriptionGeneral Characteristics/ How to choose the leader ?3) Team MembersHow to choose team members? (2 wrong choices)Men vs. WomenNegotiating characters (5 types)4) TeamworkGeneral Characteristics of effective teamsRolesSeating Location5. locations where negotiations to be conductedhome court /venue6. Adjusting based on reality backed up by learning2. For example (students will find their own examples, but should identify:A toy, cost 50 yuanideal target 90 yuanminimum target or bottom line: 60 yuanrealistic target: 75 yuan3.Students should identify:Avoidance, Competition, Accommodation , Compromise, and CollaborationAvoidance is non-negotiation.Competition is also known as distributive or win-lose strategy.Accommodation is “I lose you win” policy.Compromise is a combination of competition and accommodation, two distributive strategies. Collaboration is also called integrative, or win-win strategy.Case one: Sino- Japanese negotiations1. What factor played an important role in concluding the deal at the figure given by the Chinese side ? Preparation played an important role in concluding the deal at the figure given by the Chinese side. Before the negotiation, the Chinese side devoted much energy to preparation including doing market research, gathering information. During the negotiation, they still kept a close look at the changing market, therefore they had a card up their sleeve from the beginning to the end of the negotiations that laid a foundation for further discussions, during which, a series of tactics were wisely used.2. What tactics did the Japanese side use in the first round of negotiation?The Japanese side used a tactic of trial balloon by making an offer at 10 million Japanese yen. Their purposes are two fold: if the Chinese side did not know the international market, they can take it as a basis, a starting point for their bargaining, then they can surely make large profits. If the Chinese side won't accept it, they can justify themselves.3. Why did the Japanese side turn to introduction of their products?By talking about performance, and high quality of their products, they wanted to justify their first offer in a round about way.4. What tactics did the Chinese side use in responding to their introduction of the product ?Ask while knowing the answer.They meant to show that the Chinese side know quite clearly about the market, that the Japanese are not the only supplier, and that the Chinese side has the right to make a choice.5. How do you look at the result of the negotiation to both parties?To both parties the result of the negotiation is a win-win negotiation. The success of this negotiation reflects both cooperation and competition between the two sides. The Chinese side reached the goal of importing quality equipment with limited foreign exchange only after two rounds of talks. The Japanese side apparently sold goods at a price lower than the price of sales sold to other countries. But their profits were not reduced because of the short transportation distance, and their costs of transportation and risks were reduced. They adjusted their objective in good time, and chose to conclude the deal rather than leave this opportunity to rivals.Case two: Negotiating a better package when you start work (这⼀部分是修改过的,要认真看看)You need to do your research before entering the negotiation so that you're supported by accurate, current information. Firstly, you need to get the general knowledge of the market price, that is the general wage level, of the labor like you, especially in the particular area where the company is located. Then you also should familiarize yourself with the company itself, as well as the range of salary and benefit options that are being offered. And as one of the applicants for the job, maybe you should be aware of other applicants’ asking price for the remuneration, that is the BATNA of the company.If you are expecting better payment, knowing how to show your selling points or specialties which are superior to other competitors is of great importance. You should match your advantages logically and closely with the job description, thus the employer may be attracted and offer you higher pay.It’s quite important to set clear goals in the preparation. Based on the above information, you need to set your three levels of goals. The goals should also be very comprehensive, in other words, it should includes both the salary and benefits. Maybe it is not easy to ask for higher pay, but you can ask for some housing allowance, telephone allowance, or travel allowance. You may be able to tinker with the combination of benefits, if the salary is fixed.And the last point in the preparation is you’d better know clearly of the negotiating power of the company and yourself. Combined with your career goals, you need to choose a wise strategy when negotiating with the company. That is to say, if it is a quite famous and powerful company, as an ordinary applicant, maybe you just want to have the chance to enter into the company to enrich your working experience and gain knowledge and ability. Therefore, you should choose a quite collaborating or even compromising strategy. And you should also know your BATNA clearly.第⼆单元Case two: The composition of American negotiating teamCross-cultural negotiation requires very detailed preparation on cultural differences. Many negotiations failed not because of lack of common ground but rather because of ignorance of cultural differences.Popular Chinese values are: modesty, patience, respect for hierarchy, pride (no losing face), loyalty and tradition etc. All these show that in negotiations, there is something more important than the purely substantive matters for the Chinese—the relationship. As a result, decisions have a long term orientation. Negotiations in China are important social events used to foster relationships. The Chinese generally negotiate in an unhurried manner. They usually opennegotiations with a discussion of general principles of mutual interests. They do not like the western eagerness to sign a contract and this typically means that you will be dealing with people who place values and principles above money and expediency.There are two distinct phases of negotiating business deals in China—the technical and the commercial phases. There are usually two negotiating teams. The technical phase comes first and is very detailed. This is a stage where you need to send someone representative and competent in technical issues. To the Chinese, a contract is a commercial agreement, not a legal document and should be based on friendship and goodwill. In this context, a lawyer would not be the most appropriate resource to conduct the negotiation. In China, whenever unexpected circumstances arise, they are typically sorted out through the strong relationship bonds that exist.China is a one-leader oriented culture and Chinese expect exactly the same approach from foreigners. During negotiation, a team of negotiators is welcomed but the Chinese will look for the leader with authority to make decisions. It is definitely advisable to bring your technical experts to the negotiation table. Like in any negotiation you need to be sure that both substantive and relationship issues are considered in terms of negotiation goals. While composing your negotiation team, choose delegates who are competent in building relationships, creating and claiming value.Case three: Team members do not get on well togetherA common question in business negotiation when determining whether someone will be a success is,“Can they pass muster(符合要求)?”. Members of a negotiating group are masters preparing to stitch together a successful negotiation. In this case, we should avoid arranging the unfriendly persons in one negotiating team because in such circumstances, their quarrel only brings up problems but never offers solutions, and the counterparts will make use of the dissension (意见不同,纠纷, 争执)within the team. So they cannot be involved in the same group. A successful negotiating team needs those who can get on well with each other.第三单元II. Form Groups and Discuss1.Principled negotiations represent a higher level of negotiation strategy and tactics. They include focusing on interest, not position; separating the people from the problem; inventing options for mutual gains; and insisting on using objective criteria. (They can apply to negotiations involving various situations like politics,diplomacy, trade, management, even everyday conflicts. The principles help negotiators jump out of the set pattern of positional bargaining, and help them to deal with complicated problems freely.)括号部分可以不⽤回答2.American famous psychologist Maslow's hierarchy of human needs theory serves as a theory of negotiations. Based on which, Gerard I. Nierenberg——an American famous negotiation expert points out that needs and satisfaction of the opponent's needs serve as the basis of a negotiation.3 .ABC company wants to import a set of production line from Japan in order to increase productivity.To buy a set of production line from Japan is the position of ABC companyIn order to increase productivity is the interest of the company.Case one : Driving a bargain1.Why did both the German and the Chinese sides emphasize their own advantages?Because each of them adopted the tactic of forestalling their opponent by a show of strength. Both of them want to gain more negotiating power.The German side wanted to use its experience to influence the Chinese side psychologically, gaining the negotiating power, and hoping that the Chinese side would defer to them. The Chinese side pushed the advantages of a host country in order to gain an equal position from which to negotiate with the opponent.2.Why did the Chinese side oppose the name of the joint venture given by the German side?Because the name firstly suggested denied the equal position of the two parties, instead the joint venture became a subsidiary of Baier.3. On the whole, in what spirit or with what principle did the negotiations come to a successful agreement to mutual benefits? The principles used are “focusing on interest, not position; inventing options for mutual gains; and insisting on using objective criteria”.(这三条原则具体体现在哪⾥,要结合⽂章⽤⾃⼰的语⾔简述) .4 .What are the experiences reflected through the negotiations?First, the two parties prepared well, reflected by their carrying out a feasibility study, and by forming a capable exploration team to collect information. During the opening stages, they dealt well with the degree of competition and cooperation, conducting the negotiations on an equal footing. During the bargaining stages, both parties competed and compromised, finding satisfactory solutions whenever they came across issues related with each other's interests, and they just follow the principle of CPN. Finally at the closing stage, they did well in drafting the contract, preventing further disputes from arising. Case two: The unit priceThe rule of thumb in this situation is to let your counterpart offer to split the difference. If you make the offer, your counterpart knows you are willing to accept the lower price. A good solution is to state, “We are only twenty dollars apart. What should we do?” If the buyer offers to split the difference, you know she is willing to accept $190. With this new information, you, as the seller, could counter, “You have just stated that you are willing to take $185. I am willing to give you $195. That makes us only $10 apart. Why don't we split the difference and do the deal for $190?”Case three: Special pricingThe hurdle can be overcome. Victor is able to raise a second possibility: to provide the Chinese with some new equipment at a cost he thought they would appreciate. In return, the Chinese agree to help him out with his regulatory mandate and agree to the pricing of the deal as originally stated. This satisfies Victor's own pricing problems and seals the relationship of special friendship between his company and the Chinese, and looks on his possible chips as needs-satisfiers. Nowadays, many American business persons have come to see the importance of relationship in Chinese negotiation and adapt their style accordingly. Case four : Phrases sometimes heardHere are some key points to handle these scenarios:Don't believe everything you see and hear.Part of a good salesperson's skill is to learn to read people and situations very quickly. However, when it gets down to negotiating, you have to take everything you see and hear with a grain of salt. Buyers aregood negotiators, and thus they are good actors. You may be the only person who has what they need, but everything they do and say, from body language to the words they use, will be designed to lead you to believe that unless they get an extra 10% off or discount, they're going away. Be skeptical. Be suspicious. Test, probe, and see what happens.Don't offer your bottom line early in the negotiation.How many times have you been asked to “give me your best price”? And have you ever given your best price only to discover that the buyer still wanted more? You have to play the game. It's expected. If you could drop your price by 10%, start out with 0%, or 2%, or 4%. Leave yourself room to negotiate some more. Who knows—- you may get it for a 2% reduction. You might have to go all the way to 10%, but often you won’t. A little stubbor nness(倔强, 顽强)pays big dividends.Get something in return for your added value.Before you make concession, think about your options. You could throw it in as part of the package and try to build goodwill. Or you could take a deep breath and try something like, “That's a difficult problem that will require some effort on our part, but it's doable.” In the second case, you've told the buyer you definitely could do it, but you have not yet agreed to do it. You may not be able to get him to pay extra for it, but you may be able to use it as a bargaining chip in resisting price concessions. Which way you choose to go will depend on who your customer is and on the situation. However, you do have options.Sell and negotiate simultaneously.Think of selling and negotiating as two sides of the same coin. This is particularly true in your earliest contacts with the buyer. The face the buyer sees is that of a salesperson demonstrating features and benefits. The hidden face is that of a negotiator probing and seeking out information like price, terms, quality, delivery, etc. that may be invaluable later and have to be negotiated.Be patient.Finally, and most important, be patient. Sales are a high energy, fast moving business. Patience is one commodity that is in relatively short supply, but if you're impatient in a negotiation, you'll lose your shirt. Take the time that you need, don't rush to give in, don't show your anxiety, stay cool and don't get panicky. Negotiation is a process and a game. Use the process and play the game. You'll be astonished at the difference that it makes!第四单元Case one: A last minute decisionIf the deal sounds interesting it is suggested that you continue to negotiate. Do not give in to his threat or ultimatum. His tactic is designed to make you panic and not think carefully about your decision. If he refuses to give you more time to examine the details of the offer you should get on the plane and leave. He would not present the offer in such a way unless it gave him a big benefit to do so.Case two: Is that your best offerA great way to practice our negotiation skills is to simply get in the habit of asking salespeople,“Is That Your Best Offer?”We would be amazed how many times they will lower their price or throw in an extra benefit in response to this simple question. In this case, the salesperson is honest and does the right thing. The effective counter to this tactic is to build up the value of the benefits that the product or service has to support the price. The salesperson could respond, “That is our best price on this model, but if you do not need DVD for your compact disc drive, we can sell you that model over there for four hundred Yuan less. Which would be better for you?”Case four: You'll be sorry.The key element in the case is moving a counterpart toward an unpleasant outcome, then threatening to push.When both sides in a negotiation have a great deal to lose if the negotiation fails and a great deal to win if it succeeds, the You'll Be Sorry tactic can be useful. One counterpart pushes the other right up to the edge of some terrible outcome, then threatens to push.If a counterpart uses You'll Be Sorry against you and you believe that your counterpart has the power to back up the threat, you have two choices: You can accept the consequences, or you can decide what is most important to you and use the Trade-Off Concession to negotiate other deal points.Case five: Keep silent.When your counterpart is a talker and you want to learn as much as you can about the product, service, or counterpart without making any type of commitment, saying nothing and letting your counterpart do all the talking may be the best tactic. If you do not say anything, there is nothing for the other person to counter.The most effective counter for the salesperson would be Asking an Open-Ended Question like “How do you plan on utilizing our product?” Or “What features about this product are most important to you?” Both these questions force the buyer to dialogue. Without dialogue, it is difficult to build a relationship based on mutual benefits.第六单元II. Discussion (这⼀部分是修改过的,要认真看看)1. identify as many factors as possible which will establish the pricing of a product that a company might sell1)costs of production: VC (cost of raw materials, cost of labor), FC (rent, management personnel costs, equipment, etc.)2)profit margins3)market prices4)terms of delivery, whether include freight, insurance, etc.5)pricing strategies2. discuss under what considerations a company might be prepared to reduce its price or accept higher pricesSellers will reduce the price:1)the production cost is reduced2)fierce competition, supply exceeding demand3)pricing strategies, such as market penetration,4)a desire to complete a successful negotiation5)The cost of transportation, insurance, etc. is reduced6)The products is somewhat out-of-date, in the decline stage of PLC, or the seller eager to sell the products so as to clear stocksBuyers will accept higher price:1) No options(P115), fierce competition, demand exceeding supply2)Credit(P115)3)Relationship(P115)4)a desire to complete a successful negotiation5)the seller’s production cost is improved6)the cost of transportation, insurance, etc. is increased7)The buyer needs the product urgently3. identify possible means to persuade a foreign company to accept the prices at which your company is prepared to negotiate a contract1)justify the price by analyzing the international market situation, the supply conditions ,etc.2)showing the selling points and the unique features of your products which are superior to other similar products, such as quality, design, technology, after-sale service, user-friendliness, company culture, package,3)favorable terms of delivery, payment,4)justify the price by analyzing the ingredients of product cost5)promise of future discounts and long-term relationship6)Increasing the negotiating power and use some tacticsCase three: Unreasonable discountsuppose you are a Chinese seller .in the negotiating room ,the foreign buyers asks you for an unreasonable discount .What should be your responseAs the seller, you have as many responses to requests for unreasonable discounts as the buyer has reasons for asking for the discount. Before we make recommendations as to how you should respond, let's spend a brief moment in the customer's shoes. So why do you think they have asked for an unreasonable discount? Are they “trying their luck” and testing your knowledge or resolve to see what they can get away with? It's a well known tactic in negotiation to open with an extreme position. Do they really know the real market value of your goods or services? Perhaps they have not yet shopped around and are blissfully ignorant of the real value. If this is the case, a good place to start is with a question. Ask why they have asked for such a large discount. If they can't substantiate(证明某事有根据)it, the issue evaporates before your eyes. If they quote one of your competitors’ prices, then you will need to substantiate their claim and compare your own offering (We are assuming you know how you compare to your competitors). Let’s further analyze the unreasonable discount. Why would they try such a tactic or ploy on you? “Extreme Offers” are designed to lower expectations through shocking you. Even though they may not get the extreme price they have opened with, they may still end up succeeding at chipping away at your margin and walking away with a lower price than you would have given them without this ploy. They do risk offending or even outraging you, resulting in the sale being lost altogether. So as with many tactics, they are taking a risk. When faced with tactics, separate the person from their behavior. If you are surprised, feel free to show your surprise. If you feel like laughing, then laugh (do let them know that you are laughing at their offer and not at them). Natural authentic behavior can diffuse the situation and facilitate a deal. Let the other side know that their expectations need to be adjusted, and quote other deals as precedents to inform and persuade them over to your price.第七单元Case three: Who makes the decisions?Students should respond with an analysis that might go like the following:This could be both good news and bad. The good news is that you now know that the real decision maker is back at the office. You know that the person you are dealing with does not have total authority. You could try to discover the identity of the decision maker and deal with him directly. This could lead to a proper conclusion. This may, however, lead to antagonism between the other party and yourself if they are being undermined. You could destroy the relationship if they feel that they are undervalued.The bad news might be that this is merely a ploy by a skillful negotiator to buy some space in the negotiation. He might need some time for thinking of extra planning.It might be that the other side intends to use the “boss” character as a lever against you. “My boss won't let me go any higher”allows the other negotiator to remain your “friend” and directs your unhappiness towards the boss. It is amazing in these situations how often the boss is unavailable for meeting with you. Should this occur, you can use both emotion and logic to undo the tactic. Feeling of being “let down” by the other party or perhaps a need to send more information to the boss by fax can start to unpick it. Ultimately this is often a ploy and you should treat it as such.The best way, of course, is to ascertain(查明,弄清)the extent of the other party’s authority at the start of the negotiation.。
商务谈判实务课后习题答案
第9章课后习题参考答案一、判断题1.×2.× 3。
√ 4。
× 5.× 6。
× 7.× 8×二、选择题1.abcd2.abd3.ac4.c5.acd6.abc7.a三、简答题1.答:座谈判、客座谈判、主客座谈判、第三地谈判。
2.答:讲究打扮、保持风度、礼待对手.3.答:签约仪式正式开始、签字人正式签署合同文本、签字人正式交换已经有关各方正式签署的合同文本、共饮香槟酒互相道贺。
4。
答:握手、拥抱、鞠躬礼、合十礼、称呼。
5。
答:遵守时间、尊重老人、妇女、尊重各国、各民族的风俗习惯、举止得体。
四、案例题1.答:(1)小刘为什么被辞退了?因为小刘在礼节上出现了三点失误:迟到、关门声太响、手机没有设置为震动或静音。
(2)如果你是小刘,你会怎样做?如果我是小刘一定会提前到达、关门时注意不要发出太响的声音、手机设置为静音状态。
2.答:(1) 根据案例内容,用所学的相关知识分析为什么a公司这次的业务会失败?失败的原因:①不守时,a公司销售部的人比预定时间早到了两个小时;②脾气急躁,销售员等了不到半小时,就开始不耐烦了;③做事马虎,将客户名片不小心掉在了地上,走时还无意从名片上踩了过去。
(2)正确的做法是什么?做事一定要守时,即按时或提前5分钟比较合适;遇事不能过于情绪化,尤其是不满情绪不要在客户目前表露,这是一种没有教养的表现;认真收好客户的名片,防止无意中出现失误。
实践题9-1:(1)答:男士可以,因为谈判和宴会对男士的着装要求都是正装;女士不可以着同一套服装出席。
(2)答:男士按商务礼仪的基本要求着正装即可。
女士在参加宴会时应该与白天谈判时的仪容仪表有所变化,不需要像白天那么正式,发型、化妆、服装、包包、首饰都可以更亮丽、讲究,适当用点香水以适应宴会的氛围.篇二:商务谈判实务第二版第9章课后习题答案第9章课后习题参考答案一、判断题1.×2.×3.√4.×5.× 6。
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名词解释纵向谈判:是指在确定谈判的主要问题后,逐个讨论每一问题和条款,讨论一个问题,解决一个问题,一直到谈判结束的一种谈判方式。
(P53).横向谈判:是指在确定谈判所涉及的主要问题后,多项议题同时讨论,周而复始反复进行,直到所有容都谈妥为止的一种谈判方式。
(P53).报价:这里所说的报价,不只是指产品在价格方面的要价,而是泛指谈判的一方对谈判的另一方提出自己的所有要求,包括商品的数量、质量、包装、价格、装运、保险、支付、商检、索赔、仲裁等交易条件,其中价格条件是最核心和最敏感的的交易条件。
谈判礼仪:是商务谈判人员在商务谈判过程中所必须遵守的,用来维护个体组织形象和对谈判对手表示尊重与友好的惯例以及形式。
谈判策略:指谈判人员为取得预期的谈判目标而采取的措施和手段的总和。
利益目标:(课本上没找到网上也没搜到事关考试所以没写)双赢理念:是指参与谈判的任何一方都必须抱着合作的诚意参与谈判,谈判的目的在于寻找时谈判双方均有所获得的方案。
有限权力:是指谈判人员使用权利的有限性。
谈判专家认为,受到限制的权力才具有真正的力量。
心理学:心理学是一门涵盖多种专业领域的科学,但就其根本而言,心理学是一种研究人类行为和心理过程的科学。
既是一门理论学科,也是应用学科。
包括理论心理学与应用心理学两大领域。
美学:研究人们对客观世界的审美关系的科学。
气质:气质是一个人的稳定性心理活动的动力特征,它主要是由神经过程的生理特点所决定的。
气质:是一个人的稳定的心理活动的动力特征,它主要是由神经过程的生理特点所决定的。
性格:是指人对客观现实的态度和行为方式中经常表现出来的稳定倾向。
他是个性特征的核心,决定人的活动的容和方向。
能力:是人成功地完成活动所必须的个性心理特征。
它有两种含义:一种是指实际能力,即个人已经具备并表现出来的能力,他是个人先天遗传基础加上学习的结果;另一种是潜在能开,即个人将来可能发展并表现的能力,又称为行向。
语言:是以语音为载体,以次为基本结构单位,以语法为构造规则的符号系统。
它是一种社会现象,是音义统一的人类交际工具。
风度:是人们在漫长的社会生活中逐渐形成的。
他是人们对于美得人体形态、举止谈吐、装束打扮的一种肯定的审美尺度。
仪表:是指人的形貌外表,包括人的容貌、身材、发型、服饰等方面。
谈判者的以便反映七个人的精神面貌和礼貌素养,影响其经济实体的形象和交易的顺达。
服饰:谈判者服饰的选择受到民族习惯、性别、年龄、季节等多种因素的影响。
得体的服饰不仅可以增强个人的仪表美,体现个人的气质,还能够反映出一个人的素养和文化。
声东击西:谈判中的一方,出于某种需要而有意识的将谈判的议题引到对己方并不重要的问题上,借以分散对方对己方真正要解决问题的注意力,达到己方目的。
休会:休会也称休息,是谈判人员比较熟悉并经常使用的基本策略,是指谈判进行到某一阶段或遇到某种障碍或麻烦时,谈判一方或双方提出中断会议,休息一段时间的要求,以使双方谈判人员按恢复体力,精力和调整对策,以使谈判顺利进行。
软硬兼施:在谈判过程中,以两人分别扮演‘软’的谈判角色和;’硬‘的谈判角色。
一个是温和派,一个是强硬派。
谈判开始阶段,强硬派先出场,态度傲慢,条件苛刻,立场坚定,决不妥协,使对方产生极大的反感。
容易进入僵持状态。
此时温和派出场。
温和派表现出体谅的态度,以合情合理的条件照顾对方的某些要求。
并放弃自己的一些苛刻的条件,尽力促成双方的合作。
价格陷阱:指卖方利用传递商品价格上涨的信息和人们对涨价的不安情绪所投的诱饵,将谈判对方的注意力吸引到价格上来,从而使买方忽略对其他条款的讨价还价。
出其不意:这种策略表现为手段,观点或方法的突然改变。
方位性技巧:主要形式有合伙,联系,脱钩,纵横交错,任意取例,意大利香肠,夹叉射击时机性技巧:该类技巧属于对时间的利用和把握。
分为忍耐,出其不意,造成既成事实,不动声色的退却,逆向行动,设立限制,佯攻意大利香肠:要取得全部胜利,必须循序渐进,一口一口地吃,直到最后胜利。
意欲取其尺利,则每次谋取毫厘。
就像切香肠一样,一片一片把最大利益切到手。
相互交流:作用:谈判成功,交流先行;排除障碍,赢得胜利;长期合作,交流伴行。
最后通牒:买方最后给卖方一个出价或期限,卖方如不接受,买方就毅然退出谈判。
讨价还价:讨价还价指在买卖东西或谈判时双方对所提条件斤斤计较,反复争论。
假出价:假出价又称为故意出假价,是指在谈判时为了使自己以后控制谈判进程和结局,承诺接受对方的出价,而一旦卖主或买主要与他完成交割手续时,他便开始削价或抬价的一种谈判策略。
货物买卖合同:货物买卖合同是出卖人转移标的物的所有权于买受人,买受人支付价款的合同。
技术合同:技术合同是当事人就技术开发、转让、咨询或者服务订立的确定相互之间权利和义务的合同。
运输合同:是承运人将旅客、行或者货物从起运地点运输到约定地点,旅客、托运人或者收货人支付票款或者运输费用的合同。
保管合同:是指保管人保管寄存人交付的保管物,并返还该物的合同。
仓储合同:是保管人储存存货人交付的仓储物,存货人支付仓储费的合同。
居间合同:是居间人向委托人报告订立合同的机会的媒介服务、委托人支付报酬的合同。
基建承包合同::是承包人进行工程建设,发包人支付价款的合同。
加工承揽合同:是承揽人按照定作人的要求完成工作,交付工作成果,定作人给付报酬的合同。
借款合同:是借款人向贷款人借款,到期返还借款并支付利息的合同。
租赁合同:是出租人将租赁物交给承租人使用、收益,承租人支付租金的合同。
融资租赁合同:是出租人根据承租人对出卖人、租赁物的选择,向出卖人购买租赁物,提供给租赁人使用,承租人支付租金的合同标的物:标的物是买卖合同中的当事人双方权利和义务共同指向的对象。
标的物的所有权的转移:是指买卖合同的标的物的所有权由出卖人转移给买受人的一种行为。
出卖人:是根据合同约定交付自己财产并转移所有权给买受人的人。
买受人:又称买方或买主,是根据合同约定取得财产并支付价款的人。
要约:要约是买卖一方向另一方发出希望订立买卖合同的意思表示,提出要约的一方是要约人,接受要约的一方是受要约人。
承诺:是受约人同意要约的意思表示。
保险合同:保险合同是投保人与保险人约定保险权利和义务关系的协议。
投保人:是指与保险人订立保险合同,并按照保险合同负有支付保险费义务的人。
保险人:是指与投保人订立保险合同,并承担赔偿或者给付保险金的公司。
被保险人:是指其财产或者人身受保险合同保障,享有保险金请求的人。
违约责任:是买卖合同当事人所约定的保障义务人认真履行义务,保障权利人实现权利的合同条款。
当事人:是指民事诉讼中以自己的名义要求人民法院保护民事权利或者法律关系、受人民法院裁判约束的起诉方和被诉方。
义务:就是人在相应的社会关系中应该进行的价值付出。
权利:就是人在相应的社会关系中应该得到的价值回报。
合同履行:指的是合同规定义务的执行。
任何合同规定义务的执行,都是合同的履行行为;相应地,凡是不执行合同规定义务的行为,都是合同的不履行。
因此,合同的履行,表现为当事人执行合同义务的行为。
当合同义务执行完毕时,合同也就履行完毕。
对外直接投资:是指企业以跨国经营的方式所形成的国际间资本转移。
一般认为,对外直接投资是一国投资者为取得国外企业经营管理上的有效控制权而输出资本,设备,技术和管理技能等无形资产的经济行为。
文化差异即是指因地区异同,各地区人们所特有的文化异同而产生的差异非语言行为:包括言语行为之外的一切由交际者和交际环境所产生的刺激,这些刺激对交际参与者都具有潜在的信息价值或意义,一旦这些刺激被对方感知,就产生了交际意义。
商业信誉,是指社会公众对某一经营者的经济能力、信用状况等所给予的社会评价,即该经营者在经济生活用、声望的定位。
价值取向:它指的是一定主体基于自己的价值观在面对或处理各种矛盾、冲突、关系时所持的基本价值立场、价值态度以及所表现出来的基本价值倾向。
社交礼仪:是指人们在人际交往过程中所具备的基本素质,交际能力等跨国公司:主要是指发达资本主义国家的垄断企业,以本国为基地,通过对外直接投资,在世界各地设立分支机构或子公司,从事国际化生产和经营活动的垄断企业惯例、习俗:1、习俗就是习惯,风俗;个人或集体的传统、传承的风尚、礼节、习性2、惯例就是通常方法,习惯做法,常规办法,一贯的做法。
简答题谈判以及商务谈判谈判有广义与狭义之分。
广义的谈判是指除正式场合下的谈判外,一切协商、交涉、商量、磋商等等,都可以看做谈判。
狭义的谈判仅仅是指正式场合下的谈判。
谈判是指人们为了协调彼此之间的关系,满足各自的需求或利益目标,通过协商而争取达到意见一致的行为和过程。
谈判根据不同的划分标准可以有不同的分类。
商务谈判就是指商务活动的双方或多方为了实现各自的商务利益并取得一致性意见而进行的沟通与磋商活动。
1.商务谈判的特征2.物质利益性 2.当事人关系的平等性3.互利性4.利益上的矛盾性5.商务谈判方法上的矛盾性各类商务谈判的意义及应用价值商务谈判依据一定的标准可以划分不同种类,划分的目的在于找到同类谈判的共性,这样可以为处理同类事物提供有益的经验和帮助。
1.依据容划分:商品贸易谈判、投资项目谈判、技术贸易谈判、劳务(服务)谈判2.依据谈判空间划分:国际谈判、国谈判、区域谈判、跨区域谈判、主场谈判、客场谈判、中立地点谈判3.依据谈判人数划分:小组谈判、单独谈判4.依据谈判要点划分:价格型谈判、成本性谈判5.商务交易地位:买方谈判、卖方谈判、代理谈判6.时间角度划分:短期谈判、中期谈判、长期谈判7.谈判的透明度:公开、半公开、封闭8.政府的参与程度:民间谈判、官方谈判、半官半民谈判9.依据采用方式:面对面谈判、谈判、信函谈判、电子网络谈判10.依据谈判者态度:软式谈判、硬式谈判谈判方式的选择是依据谈判双方的基本情况及目的等因素决定的,采用何种方式只要是有利于谈判的目的就是好的谈判方式,考虑到谈判的复杂性可能会出现多种谈判方式重合的情况,谈判方式的选择应当依据实际情况的变动而做出适当的调整。
商务谈判的经济及法律属性商务谈判的主体多为商业组织,双方谈判的目的是就一些涉及双方经济利益关系的事物达成协定,以实现双方利益的最大化。
同时合法的商务谈判是一种法律行为,是受国家法律条目限制和保护的。
商务谈判中该注意的法律问题1.合法的商务谈判时是一种法律行为1.商务谈判行为与法律行为:商务谈判具有双重属性,既是商务行为又是法律行为,因此双方都要依据法律进行商务谈判行为。
2.合法商务谈判活动的有效要件:参加谈判的法律关系主体和参与谈判活动的直接当事人资格要合法、谈判容要合法、谈判双方的意思表示要真实合法、谈判的形式和程序要合法2.对商务谈判的主体资格的法律认定1.对自然人法律资格的认定:参与者要具备起码的主体资格、代表组织对外开展业务的活动人员,要具备法定资格或经组织合法授权2.对社会组织法律资格的认定:法人执照与营业执照的认定、社会组织的活动能力围、合伙人身份的认定3.商务谈判过程中几种谈判文件的法律属性1.协定议定书2.君子协定或允诺3.商务谈判记录4.正式的合同文本第二章商务谈判的计划与实施商务谈判之前最重要的工作是什么?情报的收集与分析。