英语中限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句讲解和练习

定语从句讲解和练习
一、概念: He is the boy who often goes to school late.
先行词关系词定语从句
They have a clever son.
Do you know the man over there?
I know the man who wrote the book.
二、原则： a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。

b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。

c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.
三、扩大. She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.
Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.
Is this the key which you are looking for?
October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded.
This is the house where the great man was born.
I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.
四、下列定语从句只能用that来引导：
1.先行词为形容词最高级所修饰
This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.
2.先行词为序数词所修饰
This is the first composition that he has ever written in English.
3.先行词既包括人又包括物
They talked of things and persons that happened in the school.
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
4.主句是who或which开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句
Who is the man that came this morning?
Which is the bag that you lost?
5.先行词为the only, the very, the last, the same所修饰的定语从句
He is the very person that the police are looking for.
This is the only thing that I can remember.
6.先行词是everything, nothing, something, all, little, much,
everybody等不定代词
Tell us everything that you know, please.
Is there anything that you don’t understand?
7.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时
All that glitters is not gold.
I’ve read all the books that you gave me.
五、只用which 情况有两种情况：
1、非限制性定语从句，关连词要用which；
2、做介词宾语时只能用which。

请看下列两组例句：
I said nothing, which made him angrier.
I have the book about which you are talking.
六、“介词+ 关系词”及关系副词when, where, why
1). The box is full of bottles. He is standing on the box.
----> The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.
The box where he is standing is full of bottles.
2). This is the train. We work on the train.
---->This is the train on which we work.
This is the train where we work.
3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason.
---->I know the reason for which she did it.
I know the reason why she did it.
4). The man is our school master. You shook hands with the man just now.
----> The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.
5). The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen.
----> The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai.
不能拆开的词组：look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of / put on / take off…….
六、非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充，说明的作用，常用逗号分开。

关系代词用who(m), which，关系副词用where ,when. 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导.
This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.
He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying.
定语从句练习
一. 用适当的关系词填空：
1. We are learning English，a language _____ is used in many places in
the world.
2. Most Americans love Chinese food, ____ is cooked in a different way from western food.
3. This magazine belongs to the teacher ____ teaches us history.
4. Anyone ____ comes to China will surely visit the Great Wall near Beijing.
5. Anyone ____ has a cold should have a good rest.
6. The house _____ stands on the top of the hill was built last month.
7. The medicine _____ he bought is good for your health.
8. He is the only person ______ saw the accident yesterday.
9. Tom is trying to read in the room _____ the others are watching TV.
10. We won’t forget the day _____the hero was killed.
11. The student _____ the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English contest.
12. The newspaper ____ you are reading is two days old.
13. Do you remember the time _______ we got lost in the park?
14. I’ll never forget the time ____ we spent together in the army camp.
15. They are building a hospital on the street ___ we used to live.
16. The present _____ he gave her yesterday evening is still unopened.
17. Happiness is one of the things _____ money cannot buy.
18. This is the hospital ______ her mother works.
19. I’ll never forget the day _______ I joined the League.
20. The house ________ was pulled down last week is being rebuilt.
21. The man _______ wife died last year has gone to Japan.
22. Tell me the reason ______ the American lady left.
23. Do you know the boy ______ was praised at the meeting?
24. I know the girl ________ the teacher praised yesterday.
25. Allen is the girl ________ I think will succeed in the test.
26. Everything ____ I know will be taught to the students.
27. This is the best film _____ I have ever seen.
28. The manager walked toward the gate ____ the workers are waiting.
29. You can’t go into this room _______ they are having a meeting.
30. I still remember the days _____ we studied together.
31. The picture ____ has a house and flowers is the one I like best.
32. Don’t make the same mistake ______ you did last time.
33. He failed in the exam, ______ surprised us all .
34. He did all ______ was necessary to be done.
35. Her parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
36. Tom, _______ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry.
二. 用“介词+关系代词”填空：
1. Have you ever read the book ____ ______ there are many pictures?
2. The man _____ ________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library _____ ________ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman _____ _________ you just spoke is our headmaster.
5. This is the new bicycle _____ ______ I spent five hundred dollars.
6. Here are the table tennis players, some __ _____ are our old friends.
7. The tool _____ _________ he is working is called a spade.
8. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _____ _______ is Taiwan.
9. The school has 2600 students, two thirds ____ ________ are girls.
10.Water is a liquid, the freezing point ______ _________ is 0’C.
11. Give me a piece of paper ___ _____ I can write the phone number.
12. The boy built a telescope _____ ______ he could study the skies.
三．汉译英
1、这个班上有30位学生，大多数来自城市。

2、他是当时唯一在场的人。

3、凡是你知道的关于本书作者的情况请都告诉我。

4、他已不再是5年前那个头脑简单的他了。

5、他们租了两条船，乘船来到了那条河的源头。

6、我从报上得知，更多的美国部队正在被派往中东。

7、众所周知，成功来自于勤奋，不努力则一事无成。

8、那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美景。

9、我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。

10.我们昨天学的那课书不好懂。

11.你可以拿你感兴趣的任何一本书。

12.这是本月上映的最好的一部影片。

13.人们喜欢住在空气新鲜，噪声很少的地方。

14.1949年是新中国诞生的一年。

15.是在上星期开英语晚会的时候，我们遇到珍妮的。

16.你在会上看到的那个女孩是个出名的游泳运动员。

17.他就是我们昨天在报纸上见到照片的那个工人。

18.他进大学的那一天非常高兴。

19.我总不太明白他犯这样一个错误的原因。

20.我哪儿没讲清楚，你们只管问我。

21.我最远走过20多里地。

22.他就是我在展览会上遇到的那个人。

23.不要读那些你看不懂的书。

24.这是你借给他词典的那个学生吗？
25.这就是你们谈论那么多的那本新小说吗？
26.昨天在动物园我和他说话的那个人是一位工程师，我父亲的一个朋友。

27.这位为祖国献出生命的小英雄将永远活在人们心中。

1. There are thirty students in the class, most of whom are from the city.
2. He is the only person that was present at the time.
3. Please just tell me anything that you know about the author of the book.
4. He is no longer the simple-minded man that he was five years ago.
5. They hired two boats in which they came up to the source of the river.
6. More American troops are being sent to the Middle East, as (which) I have learnt from the newspaper.
7. As we all know, success comes from hard work; without efforts nothing can be done/achieved.
8. It’s very hard for those who haven’t been to the small village to describe its beauty.
9. I find it hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
10.The lesson (which, that) we studied yesterday was hard to understand.
11.You can take any book that interests you best.
12.This is the best film that has been shown this month.
13.People like to live in a place where there”s fresh air and little nois e.
14.1949 was the year when new China was born.
15.It was on the day when we had our English evening last week that we first met Jane.
16.The girl (who, whom, that) you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.
17.He is the very worker whose picture we saw in the newspaper yesterday.
18.He was very happy on the day when (on which) he entered the university.
19.I never really understand the reason why he made such a serious mistake.
20.You just ask me anything (that) I don”t make clear.
21.The longest walk (that) I ever took was over 20 miles.
22.He was the one (that) I met at the exhibition.
23.Don”t read such books as you cannot understand.
24.Is that the student to whom you lent your dictionary?
25.Is this the new novel about which you have talked so much?
26.The man (who, whom, that) I spoke to in the zoo yesterday is an engineer, a friend of my father’s.
27.The little hero, who has given his life for his country, will always live in the heart of the people.。