广东省海丰县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解演练(二)(含解析)

广东海丰县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮演练（二）
完形填空。

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳
选项。

In 1971, readers around the world were astonished by some photographs which appeared
in newspapers. Hidden deep in the rainforests of an island in the Philippines, was
an ethnic (种族的) ___1___ called the Tasaday. Not until that moment did anyone have any ___2___ of these people. They didn’t have an agricultural economy; they hunted animals and __3___ fruit from the plants in the rainforest. They carried tools made of stone, lived in ___4__ and wore clothes made of leaves. Unknown until 1971, they 5 became world famous. After that, there were TV 6 and books about them; people said their simple lives showed that human beings could be good and kind if they were not 7 by modern life. Then after 1974 the region was closed
by the government and the world 8 about them.
In 1986, a Swiss journalist, Oswald Iten, decided to visit the Tasaday. The journey __9____ thick rainforests and across rivers was hard and dangerous. Mr. Iten was 10 killed by the soldiers, villagers and businessmen who wanted to take the wood from the rainforest. Finally, Mr. Iten 11 and found the caves of the Tasaday 12 . The people were living in nearby huts and they were all 13 jeans and
T-shirts, not leaves. He thought that perhaps they were not an ethnic minority 14 .
When he 15 to Switzerland, Mr. Iten wrote about the Tasaday people in the newspapers. He said he thought that they were just ordinary farmers, poor, but not 16 from anyone else. He believed that in 1971, the government told “the Tasaday”to 17 they were native people from thousands of years ago, so that tourists---and money---would start ___18 into the region.
One group of experts said that they really were people who had no 19 with modern life before 1971; another group said they were just 20 the part. So who are these people, really? Perhaps we’ll never really be sure.
1. A. man B. group C. chief D.
tradition
2. A. knowledge B. impression C. doubt D. fear
3. A. grew B. enjoyed C. collected D. stored
4. A. huts B. houses C. apartments D. caves
5. A. certainly B. suddenly C. absolutely D. privately
6. A. advertisements B. services C. stations D. programs
7. A. refused B. separated C. spoilt D. conquered
8. A. forgot B. knew C. talked D. thought
9. A. around B. through C. over D. along
10. A. once B. almost C. often D. even
11. A. arrived B. left C. hid D. began
12. A. dirty B. valueless C. accessible D. empty
13. A. making B. selling C. wearing D. designing
14. A. in all B. at all C. after all D. above all
15. A. returned B. went C. traveled D. drove
16. A. absent B. secure C. different D. free
17. A. agree B. pretend C. admit D. consider
18. A. looking B. falling C. turning D. pouring
19. A. contact B. competition C. agreement D. patience
20. A. learning B. forming C. acting D. missing
【参考答案】BACDB DCABB ADCBA CBDAC
【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
Monty Hempel is a professor of environmental sciences at Redlands University in California.He studies ecological literacy—or ecoliteracy，for short.Ecoliteracy is
the ability to think about and understand the natural processes that make life possible.
Monty Hempel says ecoliteracy gives people knowledge about environmental problems.But he says it does not always work to get them to change their behavior.
Mr.Hempel wrote part of the Worldwatch Institute’s latest S tate of the World report.He says in his article，“Some people think that ecoliteracy is just a green form of science literacy.And what I have tried to ask is whether that’s enough.In other words，what an ecologically­literate person needs to know might inclu de things like the cycles and the flows，the energy systems，all of those kind of things that we would call the science of ecology.”
“That doesn’t se em to lead to action to protect our environment—to protect our life­support system to the level that we need to.Just because we know a lot about the environment doesn’t mean that we actually act to save it.After all，actions speak louder than knowledge.”
He adds that people may not be very worried about environmental problems if they seem far away.“Some people call it psychological distance.A lot of climate issues are worse in the Arctic and most of us don’t spend time in the Arctic.And so，there’s a certain distance.But there’s also a distance that’s happening in the world as it urbanizes—people spending more time in front of screens and less time out in nature.We become，if you will，disconnected from the natural systems that used to be the key to success for a human being.”
To help children discover the wonders of nature，he adds that children should learn about nature in school.But he also points out we have a high mountain for people to climb from knowledge to action.
1.From what Monty Hempel says in Paragraph 3，we learn that .
A.knowledge on environment protection is not enough
B.knowledge that children learn at school is useless
C.ecoliteracy can help people understand how nature works
D.people with enough knowledge will protect the environment well
答案 A
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段中 Monty Hempel说的话，尤其是文中的“And what I have tried to ask is whether that’s enough.”暗示仅仅有环保的知识是不够的，故最佳答案为A。

2.What is especially important for environment protection in Mr.Hempel’s opinion?
A.Knowledge.
B.Action.
C.Green living.
D.Psychological distance.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句“After all，actions speak louder than knowledge.”可知Mr.Hempel的观点是行动更重要，故最佳答案为B。

3.Mr.Hempel thinks people show no concern about some environmental problems because .
A.they lack knowledge on environment protection
B.they have no awareness of environment protection
C.some environmental problems are not worse at all
D.some environmental problems happened far away
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第五段中的“Some people call it psychological distance(有些人叫它心理距离).”以及“And so，there’s a certain distance(这里是有一定距离的).”，可知人们对一些环境问题不关心，是因为有些环境问题发生在遥远的地方，故最佳答案为D。

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Experts think it is the best way to learn nature in school.
B.Climbing a high mountain is a good way to exercise well.
C.Changing people’s attitude to environment protection is hard.
D.Knowledge can help children take action to protect the environment.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“But he also points out we have a high mountain for people to climb from knowledge to action(但他也指出对许多人来说从知识到行动有一座高山要爬).”可知要改变人们对环境保护的态度是很难的。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

You are busy filling out the application form for a position you really need；let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn't it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma (文凭) represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?
More and more people are turning to an utter deception (欺骗)like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers. For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degress from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good
education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well­known university. Registrars(学籍管理员)at most well­known colleges say that they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.
Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. It turns out that when an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy Leag ue school refers to them as “special cases”. One well­known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims are made by “no such people”．
To avoid complete lies，some job seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associate d with”a college or university. After careful checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that's when they began keeping records, anyhow.
If you don't want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University”. T he prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
因为人事部门的官员们更看重名校学历，因此人们常常为谋求一份好工作和职位而造假。

13．The writer mainly wants to tell us that ________.
A. college degrees can now be purchased easily
B. nowadays it is very hard for people to find jobs
C. lying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problem
D. employers are no longer interested in applicants' actual performances
答案：C。

主旨大意题。

总览文章可知C项为本文主旨。

14．As used in the first line of the second paragraph，the word “utter” means ________.
A. thorough
B. careful
C. imcomplete
D. spoken
答案：A。

词义猜测题。

由第二段第一句中的关键词deception(欺骗)及其后的解释“学历
造假”，再结合文章主旨可推出A项正确。

thorough彻底的。

15．Once finding applicants with false diplomas, most colleges would ________. A. keep the records of them B. drive them out of college
C. avoid direct conflicts with them
D. accuse them of such behaviors
答案：C。

推理判断题。

由第三段中的“...most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly”．和下面给出的例子可推断出C项正确。

16．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. US employers value their job applicants with a degree from top universities
B. University of Purdue and Purdue University are the same school
C. people with fake diplomas can get their first jobs in US easily
D. people pay the same price for a fake diploma from different universities
答案：A。

事实细节题。

由第二段第二句“For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous s chools.”可知A项正确。

由尾段可知B、D错误；C项在文
中没有信息支持。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Early on Saturday morning, one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded hit central Chile. The powerful quake killed more than 800 people, destroyed or badly damaged 1.5 million homes and affected almost 2 million people.
The 8.8-magnitude earthquake struck around 3:34 a.m., jolting(震摇) people awake all over the country. The earthquake came from underwater, off the coast of Chile. Fernando Abarzua was in one of the many buildings that collapsed(倒塌) there. “I was on the eighth floor and all of a sudden I was down here,” he said, adding that he was surprised to have escaped with no major injuries.
The earthquake triggered(引发) a tsunami that swept across the Pacific Ocean, setting off warnings in 53 countries. In the end, the tsunami's waves caused major damage and several deaths in Chile but nowhere else.
Dozens of aftershocks, or smaller earthquakes, rattled(使颤动) the area in the days following Saturday's massive quake.
Chile has a history of earthquakes. The largest recorded earthquake in the world—a 9.5-magnitude quake—struck the country in May 1960. Since 1973, there have been 13 quakes there with a magnitude of at least 7.0. As a result, Chile's newer buildings were built to withstand(经受住) the shocks.
That is one reason that Chile's quake—though 500 times stronger—has caused much less damage than the earthquake that struck Haiti in January.
On Sunday, Bachelet ordered troops in Chile to help hand out food, water and blankets and to clear rubble(瓦砾堆)from the roads. Temporary hospitals were planned for the hardest-hit areas.
She later requested help from the international community. On Monday, the United Nations prepared earthquake relief efforts as well as 30 tons of food and other help. Even before Bachelet's request, President Obama announced that the U.S. was prepared to help. “The United States stands ready to assist in the rescue and recovery efforts,” he said.
60. The passage mainly tells us .
A. how the world helped Chile after its earthquake
B. a massive（巨大的） earthquake rocked Chile and the response to it
C. hundreds of people died after the Chile’s earthquake
D. the poorest country-Chile was destroyed completely
61. According to the passage, we know Fernando Abarzua is .
A. brave
B. devoted
C. lucky
D. kind
62. Which of the following could be the main and direct reason that caused less damage in Chile than that in Haiti?
A. Help came in time.
B. Chile's people had got the news before the earthquake.
C. Chile is richer than Haiti.
D. Most of the buildings in Chile can bear the shocks.
63. The passage most probably appears .
A. in a newspaper
B. in a magazine
C. in a history book
D. in an advertisement
【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.
A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far more ecofriendly ually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(渗透) slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.
Thus，a rain garden keeps the water，allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden，rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.This is a simple，attractive，and ecofriendly “green” way to treat storm water.
What’s mo re，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals，rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.
Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once native plants establish the necessary root system，they will require little care.
Often，local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems.However，you don’t need to be a professionally environmental engineer to create a rain garden.As long as you’re eco­conscious homeowners，you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.
1.Which of the following is NOT true for the function of rain gardens?
A.They are good for living conditions.
B.They increase pollution.
C.They can beautify the community.
D.They improve the environment.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第一段内容“Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，ecofriendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.”可知雨水花园对环境有益，并不会增加污染。

故选B。

2.Which of the following is the ecofriendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4?
A.They can help reduce the pollution problem.
B.They can keep the rain and storm water.
C.They can be healthy for the people around.
D.They can make the environment more beautiful.
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句话“Wha t’s more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园有助于减少污染。

故A正确。

3.One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that .
A.they cost less and are much easier to get
B.they may attract local wildlife to come
C.they require little care from the local gardener
D.they are more used to the local growing conditions
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第五段第一句话“Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。

4.What do we know about rain gardens?
A.They need little water after all the plants are planted.
B.They may attract local birds and change the local climate.
C.They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.
D.They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

由第五段第三句话“Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可
知，雨水花园一周需要至少一英尺的雨水。

故选C。