高二学生学习计划化学02月18日(Senior students study plan chemistry 02 18)

高二学生学习计划化学02月18日（Senior students study plan
chemistry 02 18）
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In reaction with O2, a small amount can react with N2 to increase the weight less than combustion in O2.
4. sodium peroxide has strong oxidation, with charcoal, aluminum and other reducing substances when burning. The following statement is incorrect
When A.Na2O2 is reacted with CO2, Na2O2 is an oxidant and CO2 is a reducing agent
The use of quartz crucible can not melt when the sodium peroxide B.
The C. of sodium peroxide with charcoal, Al reaction, sodium peroxide showed strong oxidation
D. sodium peroxide reaction with sulfur dioxide can produce sodium sulfate
Answer A
Analysis of Na2O2 and H2O, CO2 reaction, is the disproportionation of Na2O2 itself, so the A error; main component of quartz is SiO2, while Na2O2 can react with SiO2 to generate Na2SiO3, so it can not be used when melting Na2O2 quartz crucible, B correct; Na2O2 has strong oxidation, while
C, Al and SO2 is reducing, so Na2O2 can be a redox reaction with C, Al, SO2, C can be oxidized to CO2, oxidation of Al into Al2O3, the oxidation of SO2 into Na2SO4, so C and D are correct.
5. the following statements about the nature of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 are wrong ()
A. thermal stability: NaHCO3 < Na2CO3
The intensity of B. reaction with the same concentration of hydrochloric acid: NaHCO3 < Na2CO3
Solubility of C. in water at the same temperature: NaHCO3 < Na2CO3
The concentration of D. and other substances; the pH:NaHCO3 of the solution is < Na2CO3
Answer B
The intensity of the reaction with the same concentration of hydrochloric acid was analyzed: Na2CO3 < NaHCO3.
6. the following chemical experiment facts and their explanations are incorrect
A. drops NaHCO3 solution with phenolphthalein is pale red, red hot after deepen, because the NaHCO3 decomposition of Na2CO3
B. sodium is stored in kerosene because kerosene does not react with sodium. Sodium is more dense than kerosene. Kerosene can
insulate sodium from air and water vapor
C. blowing clean cotton with Na2O2 absorbent cotton with a clean glass tube, burning the absorbent cotton, indicating that the reaction of CO2, H2O and Na2O2 is exothermic
The product of D. sodium exposure in the air for a long time is Na2CO3, because the Na2O produced by sodium and oxygen reacts with water and carbon dioxide
Answer A
The A term is analyzed. The hydrolysis degree of NaHCO3 solution is increased, the hydrolysis degree of HCO is increased, and the solution basicity is increased.
7., in order to make astronauts in the spacecraft to get a stable, good living environment, usually in the spacecraft installed with Na2O2 or K2O2 particles of the device, its purpose is to produce oxygen. The following statement about Na2O2 is correct ()
The number of A.Na2O2 anions and cations in the ratio of 1: 1
When B.Na2O2 produces the same amount of O2 with water and CO2, it requires equal mass of water and CO2
When C.Na2O2 produces the same amount of O2 with water and CO2, the amount of electrons transferred is equal
The bleaching principle of D.Na2O2 is the same as that of SO2
Answer C
Electronic analysis of Na2O2 + Na []2 - Na +, the Yin and the number of cations is 1: 2, A error; water and carbon dioxide material consumption generates the same amount of O2 when the amount of the same, but the quality is different, B wrong by the pros and cons of electronic conservation knowledge; the two electron transfer amount of substance, C correct; Na2O2 has strong oxidizing and bleaching, SO2 easy and colored substances combine to form colorless unstable substances, so the two principle is different, D error.
8. alkali metal (Fr) francium radioactive, it is one of the most important elements of the alkali metal elements, predict its properties according to regularity properties of alkali metal elements, which is not true ()
A. in the alkali metal element, it has the biggest atomic radius
B. Fang in the air in the combustion, only generate chemical formula Fr2O oxide
C. the chemical formula of its hydroxide is FrOH, which is a strong base
D.
It reacts with water to produce the base and hydrogen, which explodes as a result of intense reactions
Answer B
According to the analysis of regularity properties of main group elements, from lithium metal to metal francium with increasing atomic number, atomic radius increases gradually, the metallic elements gradually increased, the highest price of the corresponding alkaline oxide hydrate gradually increased, and the intensity of reaction water gradually increased, and oxygen reaction products are becoming more and more complex, can produce peroxides, superoxide and ozonide etc..
9. there are 3 small soda quality, first hydrochloric acid directly and exactly the reaction; second first heating parts of the decomposition, with exactly third hydrochloric acid reaction; the first heating, so that it is completely decomposed, then exactly the reaction with hydrochloric acid. If the amount of hydrochloric acid is the same amount, the volume of hydrochloric acid consumption is V1, V2 and V3 respectively, then the size of V1, V2 and V3 is correct
A.V1>V2>V3
B.V1>V3>V2
C.V2>V3>V1
D.V1 = V2 = V3
Answer D
A small soda analysis of 3 equal mass, either directly reacts with hydrochloric acid, or partially decomposed or completely decomposed with hydrochloric acid reaction was NaCl solution, which Cl from Na + from hydrochloric acid, NaHCO3,3
hydrochloric acid consumption volume of the same.
10. (2011 Beijing science comprehensive, 11) the following experiment, Na2CO3 cannot determine the mass fraction of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 in the mixture is ()
A. take a grams of mixture, full heating, weight loss B grams
B. take a grams of mixture and sufficient hydrochloric acid sufficient reaction, heating, steaming, drying and burning, get B grams of solid
C. take a grams of mixture with sufficient dilute sulfuric acid fully reacted, escaping gas absorbed by alkali lime, weight gain B grams
D. take a grams of mixture with sufficient Ba (OH) 2 solution to fully react, filter, wash and dry, get B grams of solid
Answer C
Analysis: take a grams mixture well heating, weight B grams, according to the different method to calculate the quality of NaHCO3, to calculate the mass fraction of Na2CO3, so A is correct; take a grams mixture with sufficient dilute hydrochloric acid sufficient reaction, heating, evaporation, ignition, B grams of solid sodium chloride, equations can be listed for B, right; C, take a grams mixture with sufficient sulfuric acid reacting, gas with soda lime absorption, weight of B grams, the gas containing H2O, so it can not be solved; because the two can D and Ba (OH) 2 solution reaction of BaCO3
by precipitation transformation the relationship between
Na2CO3, BaCO3, NaHCO3, BaCO3, column equations can be obtained by mass fraction in the mixture of Na2CO3, D.
11.A, B and C are three common compounds consisting of short cycle elements in the periodic table. A, B, C are three simple elements, and the relationships between these elements and compounds are as follows:
(1) A, B, chemical formula C were ________, ______, ______.
(2) a compound with elemental ionic equation for the reaction of B __________.
(3) in A, B, C three kinds of compounds, must contain elements that are ________ (represented by symbols).
Answer (1) Na2O2, H2O, NaOH
(2) 2Na2H2O===2Na2OHH2 hav'e
(3) O
The analytical and B reaction is a substitution reaction of four basic types of chemical reactions, a and B is the chemical reaction of propylene and ethylene, reaction is combined on the basis of the three reaction that is a metal, according to the transformation diagram, launched a Na, B H2O, C NaOH, A Na2O2.
12. sodium burn in the air (as shown on the left) in the production of solid material in addition to a pale yellow powder,
and solid material -- carbon black.
(1) please assume that the possible cause of the formation of black solid matter is
The
___________________________________________________________ ______ hypothesis;
The
___________________________________________________________ ______ hypothesis;
The
___________________________________________________________ ______ hypothesis.
(2) to confirm the hypothesis is wrong, some students conclude that due to the combination of ability of metallic sodium and oxygen than carbon black carbon may be so strong, carbon dioxide and sodium replacement reaction generated. The student designs experiments as follows:
Drill a hole puncher with metal sodium, take the middle piece of sodium on full of carbon dioxide gas tube (as shown on the right) in the heating, observed sodium burning a yellow flame and light yellow solid and solid black generation, generation of light yellow solid immediately become white. Please answer the following questions:
The reason for the punch from sodium metal is
______________________________________________;
The chemical reaction generated above phenomenon may be
___________________________________.
Answer: (1) there is no sodium metal clean kerosene, incomplete combustion of the carbon generated by the incomplete combustion of alcohol combustion generated carbon dioxide and alcohol (or carbon dioxide in the air) with sodium metal reaction of carbon (2) the obtained pure sodium 2Na (CO2 lit light (or pure) CNa2O2,2Na2O22CO2===2Na2CO3O2 Na2O22Na===2Na2O)
Analysis (1) according to the reaction conditions and reaction environment, we can see that the black substance can only be carbon. The reason for the formation of carbon elements may be incomplete combustion of carbon containing material, or a substitution reaction between CO2 and Na in the air.
(2) in order to prove that the black carbon element is produced by the replacement reaction of CO2 with sodium, it is necessary to exclude the incomplete combustion of the carbonaceous material, so the metal sodium is removed from the hole and the surface will not have residual kerosene.
13. it is known that a sodium carbonate sample contains NaCl impurities. In order to determine the mass fraction of soda ash in the sample, the experiment can be carried out in the following figure. The main experimental procedures are as follows:
Assemble the instrument according to the diagram and check the
tightness of the device
A G sample is placed in a conical flask, and distilled water is added to the sample to obtain the sample solution
Weighing the U shaped tube with alkali lime, the quality is B G
Dropping the dilute sulfuric acid of 6 mol / L 1 from the hopper until the gas is no longer produced
Slowly blow up a certain amount of air from the catheter A
The weighing again filled with soda lime U tube quality, C G
The 5 and 6 repeat step operation, until the U tube quality unchanged, d g
Fill in the blanks and answer the questions, please:
(1) in the tray balance sample, if the balance of the deflection pointer to the left, that ______________.
(2) device in drying tube B is ____________.
(3) if the separatory funnel in sulfuric acid for the same concentration of hydrochloric acid, the test results ________ (fill in "high" and "low" or "change").
(4) the steps to __________________.
(5) the steps to __________________.
(6) calculation of mass fraction of soda ash in the sample for _________________________________________
(expressed in algebraic form with a, B, D).
(7) the mass fraction of soda ash in the sample can also be determined by other experimental methods. Please describe a different experimental method.
Answer (1) sample weight, weight light
(2) prevent air CO2 and water vapor from entering the U tube
(3) high
(4)
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