高中英语寒假作业阅读培优小卷：上海专用03 阅读培优小卷 (原卷版)

高一英语寒假作业阅读培优小卷
上海专用03
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分47.5分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
The Advice Gap
Advice My Parents Gave Me: Go to college and major in what you love.
Advice I Will Give My Kids: Go to college only if you’ll major in science, engineering, or money. It’s a depressing job market, and majoring in English literature or anything with the word English in it has been useless since 1910s.
My Parents: Never show up to a party empty-handed.
Me: Never show up to a party. Send a text to the host twenty minutes before the party starts to say that you’re “sooooooo sorry” to cancel but your stomach is feeling “weird.”
My Parents: To find a job, walk into the offices of ABC News’s “This Week with George Stephanopoulos” and ask for one.
Me: Apply to jobs via LinkedIn, Zip-Recruiter, or your connections. Write a cover letter and attach your résumé, then manually enter the same information through the company’s portal, which looks as though it were designed in Microsoft Paint. Do this twenty times a day for two years, and you’re bound to make it to a third round of phone interviews before getting ghosted.
My Parents: Learn the difference between a 401(k) (an employer-sponsored defined-contribution pension account) and a Roth I.R.A．(a special retirement account) so that you can start investing early.
Me: Learn the difference between a 401(k) and a Roth I.R.A．so that you can explain it to me.
My Parents: Never wait to do your taxes.
Me: If you wait long enough to do your taxes, there might be a global crisis that forces the federal government to extend the deadline: Then you can wait some more and do them right before the new deadline.
My Parents: Work hard so you can save for retirement.
Me: Retirement is something you’ll read about in your history books under the tile “Abstract Ideas.”
My Parents: When we’re gone, look after your siblings and never fight with them over money!
Me: When I’m gone, clear my browser history. Don’t quarrel with your siblings over who gets my monthly ten-cent payments from Medium (an American online publishing platform).
1．Why do you think the author has written this passage?
A．To present a better guide for young people today.
B．To show his annoyance with his parents’ advice.
C．To exhibit his capability of living a worthy life.
D．To demonstrate the contemporary generation gap.
2．Which of the following suggestions is the author most UNLIKEL Y to agree with?
A．Science majors should be favored over those related to English in college.
B．Job seekers should try various means and prepare for gloomy prospects.
C．You should check your stomach first before texting to the host of a party.
D．Siblings shouldn’t fight with each other but protect their gone parents’ privacy.
3．When it comes to finances, the author holds the idea that ________.
A．saving for retirement contributes to a better grasp of history books about abstract ideas.
B．the younger generation may inherit the legacy of their parents’ payment bills in the future.
C．the knowledge about a 401(k) and a Roth I.R.A is quite significant for early investment.
D．doing taxes is absolutely urgent, even allowing for unpredictable economic conditions.
B
（2022春·上海·高一上海市建平中学）
To celebrate his friend’s birthday, Luke Fortune drove from a small town in Central Oregon to Portland, where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning, he discovered that the car’s window had been smashed, along with his dreams for the future: His backpack and computer were gone.
“Everything important to me was on that computer,” said Fortune, 21, who is studying to become a paramedic. Two days after the theft, another young man was standing outside his apartment, also in Portland. Masoud Almazrouei, 29, was an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He had been approached by a man who said he had a computer for sale. Only $200. Almazrouei, who had been in the United States for only a year, admits now that he was naïve. But he needed a computer so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on. Within seconds, he saw files and photographs.
“I wondered who would sell a computer with all of this on it,” he said. “I realized it could be stolen.” Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s cell phone number and called it.
Fortune didn’t trust this guy with a thick accent and thought it was a scam.
Soon after, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. He passed along the man’s number.
Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200, the money he was out. Almazrouei refused. He said it was his mistake to buy the computer from someone he didn’t know. More important, he said, it was his honor and duty as a Muslim to return the property to the rightful owner. “I saw a photo of this man in his paramedic uniform,” Almazrouei said. “They help people. He is a good man. I don’t want my money back.”
Still, the encounter produced its own kind of rewards. For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes bitter national debate about immigrants, especially from the Arab world. “I’m from a small mainly white town,” Fortune said. “I’ve never met a Muslim. He’s a good man.”
Almazrouei’s lesson was perhaps more complex. When a story about the two young men’s encounter made it to the local papers, Almazrouei received a call from Wim Wiewel, the president of Portland State University, where
Almazrouei is studying economics.
“We thought since you gave back the laptop, we should give you a laptop so that you’ll have one,” Wiewel told him. “We’re very proud of you. It was a great story, but you did the right thing.”
4．What is the correct order of the events that happened?
①The computer was stolen in a paid garage.
①Almazmouei found a lot of files and photographs in the computer.
①Unsuspecting, Almazrouei bought the computer at $200.
①Almazrouei called Fortune but it didn’t work.
A．①①①①B．①①①①C．①①①①D．①①①①
5．The underlined word “scam” in Para. 5 is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A．trick B．game C．gamble D．accident
6．What does the author mean by saying “Still, the encounter produced its own kind of rewards” in Para. 8? A．Kindness will eventually pay off one day.
B．Almazrouei got admitted into a renowned university.
C．Fortune could seek his dream with his computer back.
D．Both of the young men learned something in their own way.
7．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Theft is common in Portland.
B．Almazrouei was short of money.
C．Fortune could not realize his dreams without his computer.
D．Fortune used to discriminate against Muslims.
C
（2022春·上海·高一上海市进才中学）
When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. You called me your child, and despite a number of chewed shoes and a couple of murdered pillows, I became your best friend. Whenever I was “bad”, you’d shake your finger at me and ask “How could you?”—but then you rolled me over for a belly (腹部) rub.
I remember those nights of rubbing you in bed and listening to your secret dreams, and I believed that life could not be any more perfect.
Gradually, you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time searching for a human mate. She, now your wife, is not a “dog person”—still I welcomed her into our home, tried to show her affection, and obeyed her. I was happy because you were happy.
Then the human babies came along and I shared your excitement. I was fascinated by the pinkness, how they smelled, and I wanted to mother them, too. Only she and you worried that I might hurt them, and I spent most of my time in another room.
There had been a time, when others asked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your
wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”.
Now, you have a new career opportunity in another city, and you and they will be moving to another apartment that does not allow pets. You’ve made the right decision for your “family”, but there was a time when I was your only family.
People in the animal shelter are attentive to me, but I lost my appetite. At first whenever anyone passed, I rushed to the front, hoping it was you—that this was all a bad dream or I hoped it would at least be someone who cared, anyone who might save me.
8．How did the dog’s owner treat the puppy when it was at a younger age?
A．He entertained the puppy with jokes and gestures.
B．He treated the puppy as if it were a family member.
C．He disciplined the puppy when it made a mess.
D．He kept the puppy at a distance for the chewed shoes.
9．Why was the puppy excluded from the room after the babies were born?
A．The puppy was tempted by the babies’ pinkness and sweet smell.
B．The puppy poses a serious danger to the health and well-being of babies.
C．The couple were concerned that the babies would be in danger.
D．The master envied the natural affection between the babies and the puppy.
10．What can we infer from the last 3 paragraphs?
A．It was hard for the puppy to accept the fact that it was ignored.
B．The master had a mixed feeling for the advancement in career.
C．The puppy felt relieved for the master’s establishment of a new family.
D．It was urgent for the master to give up the puppy and move to another city.
11．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．A Good Heart to Lean on B．New Member of the Family
C．The Words of an Abandoned Dog D．Animal Shelter: the Last Home for Puppies
D
（2022春·上海·高一上海市光明中学）
Many years ago, my dad was facing a serious heart condition. He was unable to work a steady job. He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital.
He wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at the local children’s hospital. My dad loved kids. It was the perfect job for him. He ended up working with the seriously ill children. He would talk, play, and do arts with them.
One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed (瘫痪) her from the neck down. She couldn’t do anything, and she was very depressed. My dad decided to try to help her. He started visiting her in her room,
bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint. He didn’t use his hands at all. All the while he would tell her, “See, you can do anything you set your mind to.”
At the end of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, and she and my dad became friends. Soon after, the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her. My dad also left the children’s hospital for a little while because he became ill. Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work, in came the little girl who had been paralyzed, only this time she was walking. She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight. She gave him a picture she had done using her hands. At the bottom it read: “Thank you for helping me walk.”
My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we. He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctors, and my dad – who died just a few months after the little girl gave him the picture – loved every single child in that hospital.
12．The author’s father worked at the local hospital to _______.
A．ease his serious heart condition B．realize his childhood dream
C．earn money to pay for treatment D．keep himself occupied and happy
13．How did the author’s father help the paralyzed little girl?
A．He showed her she could still do things.B．He painted special pictures for her.
C．He helped her practise walking.D．He visited her and made a toy for her.
14．According to paragraph 4, the paralyzed girl _______.
A．eventually became a unique painter B．gradually recovered and walked
C．was sent home and never seen again D．sent him a picture painted with her mouth
15．What message does the passage mainly convey?
A．A sick person should not focus on his disease.B．V olunteering is a worthwhile thing to do.
C．Love can sometimes bring great results.D．It’s better to give than to receive.
第二节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2022春·上海·高一上海市进才中学）
We all regard receiving presents as a pleasant experience and yet it can be one of the most awkward situations. It is often difficult to look pleased when you receive a gift which is useless or the wrong size.
___16___ However, you have no right to change an article purchased just because it does not fit or is not to your liking. Worse still, the agreement on the sale is between the person who bought it and the shop.
So you will have to tell your favourite aunt that the T-shirt does not fit. But an exchange is not always that simple because there has to be a good reason for it. ___17___ For example, if the buyer was told that a switch was voice-operated and later found out it was not, then action could be taken. You would have the right to return it and get the money back.
But if you are returning something, no matter what the reason is, you will be expected to have proof of
purchase. If the receipt cannot be found, then it is possible to use another proof of purchase such as a credit card receipt. If all of these have been lost, you may have to rely on a witness.
Many big stores have a much more tolerant policy towards return and see it as a gesture of good will to exchange goods without question. Stores including Marks & Spencer are well-known for their “no argument” policy on returned goods. ___18___
So if a shop refuses to exchange the goods or to offer a refund, the seller is likely to be within his legal rights unless there is something wrong with the goods. In that case, the boot is on the other foot. You have every right to demand a cash refund or a replacement, but only if you have returned it within a “reasonable” time.
___19___ Some shops and stores expect things to be returned within a week of purchase, while others may permit a much longer time limit. in any case, if you return a thing after what is considered a “reasonable” time, then all you are legally entitled to is the cost of repair.
A．It is unlike anything you would buy for yourself.
B．However, shoppers should remember this is a privilege, not a right.
C．Unfortunately, the law does not explain what it meant by “reasonable”.
D．All you can do is exchange it after your friend or relative has gone home.
E．Either the thing has to be broken or unsuitable for the job it was intended to do.
F．You should make clear what your legal position is before returning goods to the shop.
高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准
高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。

一是细化“作战地图”。

从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。

各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。

二是组织集体攻坚。

发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。

学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。

三是找准学科增分点。

认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。

英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，找到质量提升的突破口。

二、课堂教学务必高效。

课堂是教育教学是主阵地。

高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。

一是上好微专题课。

春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。

这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。

高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。

微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。

二是上好试卷讲评课。

试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型，必须切实收到实效。

首先，要精确掌握考情。

考试不过夜，打铁要趁热，每次考试以后，要对班级考试情况了如指掌，充分了解易错点、易考点，这样讲评时，才能有所侧重，才能有针对性地攻克重难点。

其次，要规范讲评流程。

针对错误率高或重点考察的试题，教师引导出方法思路；再由学生个人进行自评自纠，小组讨论展示，找出得分原因和失分原因，真正弄清楚解题思路。

师生合作再对解题思路进行再归纳总结，写到纸上记录下来，强化验证结果。

三是克服“漏斗思维”。

所谓“漏斗思维”，就是：今天正在学，突然有事不继续了，明天已经忘记一大部分，后天想起来，继续学，但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始，周而复始，积累数月，结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容，而且是在同一个地方循环往复。

对于常错、常考的知识点，要经常复习，要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。

尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练，不能认为进行过一次、两次就万事大吉，要每隔2周进行“回头看”，把学生的易错题重新编辑，归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生，克服漏斗思维，反复夯实专题训练的知识点。

三、学生训练务必得法。

教师的教学能力最终要转化为学生的学习能力，对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。

一是严格限时训练。

限时训练就是让学生在规定时间内做完训练题目，既训练速度，又锻炼准确度。

限时训练可短可长，可以是课前十分钟，可以是一节课，但必须坚决做到即练即评，长期坚持，通过教师评阅提升学生答题速度和效度，做到日日清，周周清，月月清，适应高考临场答题要求。

二是严格规范答题。

要认真研究高考原题和高考答案，根据学生的答题情况认真进行比对。

要把学生在考试时的原生态答卷原汁原味地展示出来，再让学生自己对照答案进行打分、评价，找出与标准答案的差距，小组内相互交流、讨论，制定答题标准模板，保证将来一分不丢。

三是突出变式训练。

对于临界生的典型错题或遗漏知识点，要进行变式训练，一题多变进行训练，把错题作为“母题”，至少进行一题五变以上，让学生写出每道题的解题思路，最后总结出此类变式的特点和解题入手点。

教师必须要把变式训练当做作业认真批改，带领学生共同验证解题思路，形成答题的基本思路。

四是落实“作业自助餐”。

对学生要进行分类指导，不能一刀切，尤其是对于清北临界生和一本临界生，学校应高度重视临界生转化工作。

要把握好临界生的学科短板，制定好辅导、转化和提升的具体措施，要实行面批面改，落实“作业自助餐”。

针对不同的高频错题，由教师分别独立设置变式训练题，也就是A错题出至少5道变式训练，独立印刷；B错题再出5道变式训练，独立印刷；C错题也出5道变式训练，独立印刷；学生可以根据自己的错题，自主领取对应的变式训练题，通过针对性训练补齐学科或知识短板，提升整体备考效益。

五是强化精神激励。

高三学生学习任务重，压力大，师生缺乏必要交流，学生容易出现心理焦虑、缺乏归属感等心理问题。

为此，要对高三年级学生多鼓励，多表扬。

大人总想听好听话，学生也是如此，越是鼓励越有劲，因老师的一句话、一个眼神而改变一生命运的事例不胜枚举。

教师要不吝赞美，从情绪上、从情感上调动学生学习积极性。

高考前30天冲刺复习方法：
英语
一、英语听力：要坚持每天听1、调整并保持听力状态很重要。

建议考前，考生要保持每天20分钟的听力练习量。

2、真题最好反复演练。

最后的30天，主要应该听去年各省市的高考听力试题和仿真度比较高的今年各市一模、二模试题。

3、听写训练。

做一些真题的听写训练。

基本方法，先整体听一遍，然后听一句写一句，坚持听写完为止，然后再对照原文，检查自己错在哪里。

另外值得一提的是，在正式考试中，做完所有听力20道选择题后，一般来说，没有百分之百的把握，不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。

据统计，第一次选择往往比改动后的选择更可靠。

二、词汇语法：坚持每天复习一部分
在单项选择题上，适当做题是必要的，但不要采用题海战术。

匀些时间看以前的听课笔记、讲义、以前做错的题目(错题集)也是复习该题型很好的方法。

尤其要把做过的一些题，特别是错题，反复地看，同时简单的题要总结规律，难题记死记牢即可。

要重视语境题、时态题、动词短语相关的单选题。

关于语法，最近几年的高考在淡化语法，但并不是完全不考，而是以交际的方式考查，所以复习语法专题的同时要注意交际方面的问题，要特别注意从语境和语意中来解决语法问题。

语法重点要掌握时态、非谓语动词以及定语从句三大块的内容。

三、完形填空：每天要保证做一篇1、培养语感。

如何来培养语感呢？这里给同学们提一个成功学生使用过的、正确提高语感的方法：把去年的所有完形填空题正确答案填上，然后大声朗读，不要求背诵但是至少要能做到熟练朗读。

在朗读中，慢慢领悟。

2、坚持训练。

每天要保证做一篇，这是量上的一个要求。

还要把做错的做出标记，重点记忆。

应重视文章的整体性和逻辑性。

完形填空的过程就是由已知信息推出未知信息的过程。

四、阅读理解：重中之重
阅读理解是高考的重头戏，提高成绩，阅读理解是关键。

考试临近也要坚持阅读。

与其陷入题海，不如抽出20-30分钟阅读英文篇章。

1、阅读训练不停歇。

在冲刺阶段，应多进行一些限时训练，通常每五篇阅读材料作为一组，在35到40分钟里完成。

这样既可以保证考场上充沛的阅读精力和体力，又可以营造考试的氛围，还提高了阅读速度。

2、阅读文章要复习。

提倡在复习阅读的过程中对三点进行注意：单词、语法点以及复杂句。

平时的阅读复习，在做完题目后要坚持每天读过几篇后，认真分析1-2篇。

3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下，看哪类题自己容易错，重点对付该类题。

需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化，科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等，但如果生词太多，影响理解或过于难懂的文章，则不应花更多的时间。

五、对话填空，认真练习应该比短文改错更容易拿分
对话填空要填写的十个单词本身不会太难拼写，不会超过2000单词表，所以虽然是新题型也不必恐惧。

其实质上也是一种完形填空题，解题关键是要对所给的对话有一个整体把握，通读全篇对话，弄清谈话的语境及内容。

六、作文：考前至少精练10篇
重点背一些连词和英语固定表达的句型，以及常用的短语和有特点的动词词组。

在写作的时候可以采用一些写作的套路。

每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的？主体时态用什么时态？人称用第几人称？可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词？带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内容，然后列出提纲。

最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。