【免费下载】新视野大学英语第二册课文原文
新视野大学英语读写教程(第二版)第二册课文及翻译
Unit 1Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor."We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sands have run out of a person's hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.A foreigner's first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don't take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point.Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear.Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer—especially given our traffic-filled streets. We, therefore, save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally.The US is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say "Thank you", to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work tooquickly. Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, given added weight by the passage of time. In the US, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. Usually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to "get it moving".Unit 3Marriage Across NationsGail and I imagined a quiet wedding. During our two years together we had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other. But through it all we had honestly confronted the weaknesses and strengths of each other's characters.Our racial and cultural differences enhanced our relationship and taught us a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other. Gail sometimes wondered why I and other blacks were so involved with the racial issue, and I was surprised that she seemed to forget the subtler forms of racial hatred in American society.Gail and I had no illusions about what the future held for us as a married, mixed couple in America. The continual source of our strength was our mutual trust and respect.We wanted to avoid the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons, and only finding out ten, twenty, or thirty years later that they were incompatible, that they hardly took the time to know each other, that they overlooked serious personality conflicts in the expectation that marriage was an automatic way to make everything work out right. That point was emphasized by the fact that Gail's parents, after thirty-five years of marriage, were going through a bitter and painful divorce, which had destroyed Gail and for a time had a negative effect on our budding relationship.When Gail spread the news of our wedding plans to her family she met with some resistance. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were going to get married so she could have grandchildren. Instead of congratulations upon hearing our news, Deborah counseled Gail to be really sure she was doing the right thing."So it was all right for me to date him, but it's wrong for me to marry him. Is his color the problem, Mom?" Gail subsequently told me she had asked her mother."To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them. But when I met Mark I found him a charming and intelligent young guy. Any mother would be proud to have him for a son-in-law. So, color has nothing to do with it. Yes, my friends talk. Some even express shock at what you are doing. But they live in a different world. So you see, Mark's color is not the problem. My biggest worry is that you may be marrying Mark for the same wrong reasons that I married your father. When we met I saw him as my beloved, intelligent, charming, and caring. It was all so new, all so exciting, and we both thought, on the surface at least, that ours was an ideal marriage with every indication that it would last forever. I realized only later that I didn't know my beloved, your father, very well when we married.""But Mark and I have been together more than two years," Gail railed. "We've been throughso much together. We've seen each other at our worst many times. I'm sure that time will only confirm what we feel deeply about each other.""You may be right. But I still think that waiting won't hurt. You're only twenty-five."Gail's father, David, whom I had not yet met personally, approached our decision with a father-knows-best attitude. He basically asked the same questions as Gail's mother:"Why the haste? Who is this Mark? What's his citizenship status?" And when he learned of my problems with the citizenship department, he immediately suspected that I was marrying his daughter in order to remain in the United States."But Dad,that's harsh," Gail said."Then why the rush?" he asked repeatedly."Mark has had problems with citizenship before and has always taken care of them himself," Gail defended. "In fact, he made it very clear when we were discussing marriage that if I had any doubts about anything, I should not hesitate to cancel our plans."Her father proceeded to quote statistics showing that mixed couples had higher divorce rates than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he had counseled who were having marital difficulties."Have you thought about the hardships your children could go through?" he asked."Dad, are you a racist?""No, of course not. But you have to be realistic.""Maybe our children will have some problems, but whose children don't? But one thing they'll always have: our love and devotion.""That's idealistic. People can be very cruel toward children from mixed marriages.""Dad, we'll worry about that when the time comes. If we had to resolve all doubt before we acted, very little would ever get done.""Remember, it's never too late to change your mind."Unit 5Weeping for My Smoking DaughterMy daughter smokes. While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, I am looking at the half-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at hand. I pick them up, take them into the kitchen, where the light is better, and study them—they're filtered, for which I am grateful. My heart feels terrible. I want to weep. In fact, I do weep a little, standing there by the stove holding one of the instruments, so white, so precisely rolled, that could cause my daughter's death. When she smoked Marlboros and Players I hardened myself against feeling so bad; nobody I knew ever smoked these brands.She doesn't know this, but it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked. But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers—when he was very young and very poor, with glowing eyes—he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. I remember the bright-red tobacco tin, with a picture of Queen Victoria's partner, Prince Albert, dressed in a black dress coat and carrying a cane.By the late forties and early fifties no one rolled his own anymore (and few women smoked) in my hometown of Eatonton, Georgia. The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies inwhich both male and female heroes smoked like chimneys, completely won over people like my father, who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. He never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert, though; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family, black, with a very white cigarette stuck in his mouth.I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed. By the time I was sixteen, my daughter's age, his breath was a wheeze, embarrassing to hear; he could not climb stairs without resting every third or fourth step. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.My father died from "the poor man's friend", pneumonia, one hard winter when his lung illnesses had left him low. I doubt he had much lung left at all, after coughing for so many years. He had so little breath that, during his last years, he was always leaning on something. I remembered once, at a family reunion, when my daughter was two, that my father picked her up for a minute—long enough for me to photograph them—but the effort was obvious. Near the very end of his life, and largely because he had no more lungs, he quit smoking. He gained a couple of pounds, but by then he was so slim that no one noticed.When I travel to Third World countries I see many people like my father and daughter. There are large advertisement signs directed at them both: the tough, confident or fashionable older man, the beautiful, "worldly" young woman, both dragging away. In these poor countries, as in American inner cities and on reservations, money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves. I read in the newspaper and in my gardening magazine that the ends of cigarettes are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die, and that the boiled water from a bunch of them makes an effective insecticide.There is a deep hurt that I feel as a mother. Some days it is a feeling of uselessness. I remember how carefully I ate when I was pregnant, how patiently I taught my daughter how to cross a street safely. For what, I sometimes wonder; so that she can struggle to breathe through most of her life feeling half her strength, and then die of self-poisoning, as her grandfather did?There is a quotation from a battered women's shelter that I especially like: "Peace on earth begins at home." I believe everything does. I think of a quotation for people trying to stop smoking: "Every home is a no-smoking zone." Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, occasionally joke or complain, and helplessly watch. I realize now that as a child I sat by, through the years, and literally watched my father kill himself: Surely one such victory in my family, for the prosperous leaders who own the tobacco companies, is enough.Unit 6As His Name Is, So Is He!For her first twenty-four years, she'd been known as Debbie—a name that didn't suit her good looks and elegant manner. "My name has always made me think I should be a cook," she complained. "I just don't feel like a Debbie."One day, while filling out an application form for a publishing job, the young woman impulsively substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie. "That was the smartest thing I ever did," she says now. "As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie, I felt more comfortable with myself... and other people started to take me more seriously." Two years afterher successful job interview, the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor. Friends and associates call her Lynne.Naturally, the name change didn't cause Debbie/Lynne's professional achievement—but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents. Social scientists say that what you're called can affect your life. Throughout history, names have not merely identified people but also described them. "As his name is, so is he." says the Bible, and Webster's Dictionary includes the following definition of name: "a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing, often expressing approval or disapproval". Note well "approval or disapproval". For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you.Names become attached to specific images, as anyone who's been called "a plain Jane" or "just an average Joe" can show. The latter name particularly bothers me since my name is Joe, which some think makes me more qualified to be a baseball player than, say, an art critic. Yet, despite this disadvantage, I did manage to become an art critic for a time. Even so, one prominent magazine consistently refused to print "Joe" in my by-line, using my first initials, J. S., instead. I suspect that if I were a more refined Arthur or Adrian, the name would have appeared complete.Of course, names with a positive sense can work for you and even encourage new acquaintances. A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name, while women believed Richard and David were the most attractive for men. One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because "he sounded dull". Several evenings later, she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very impressive man; they'd been exchanging glances all evening. "Oh," I said. "You mean Harry." She was ill at ease.Though most of us would like to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions, we're all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent. Confess: Wouldn't you be surprised to meet a carpenter named Nigel? A physicist named Bertha? A Pope Mel? Often, we project name-based stereotypes on people, as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery school's group of four-year-olds. "There I was, trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book—and pushing a thoughtful creature named Rory to play ball. I had their personalities confused because of their names!"Apparently, such prejudices can affect classroom achievement as well. In a study conducted by Herbert Harari of San Diego State University, and John McDavid of Georgia State University, teachers gave consistently lower grades on essays apparently written by boys named Elmer and Hubert than they awarded to the same papers when the writers' names were given as Michael and David. However, teacher prejudice isn't the only source of classroom difference. Dr. Thomas V. Busse and Louisa Seraydarian of Temple University found those girls with names such as Linda, Diane, Barbara, Carol, and Cindy performed better on objectively graded IQ and achievement tests than did girls with less appealing names. (A companion study showed girls' popularity with their peers was also related to the popularity of their names―although the connection was less clear for boys.)Though your parents probably meant your name to last a lifetime, remember that when they picked it they'd hardly met you, and the hopes and dreams they valued when they chose it may not match yours. If your name no longer seems to fit you, don't despair; you aren't stuck with the label. Movie stars regularly change their names, and with some determination, you can, too.Unit 7Lighten Your Load and Save Your LifeIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart.If you don't want to break your own heart, you need to learn to take charge of your life where you can—and recognize there are many things beyond your control.So says Dr. Robert S. Eliot, author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength: How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life. He's a clinical professor of medicine at the University of Nebraska.Eliot says there are people in this world that he calls "hot reactors". For these people, being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure.Eliot says researchers have found that stressed people have higher cholesterol levels, among other things. "We've done years of work in showing that excess alarm or stress chemicals can literally burst heart muscle fibers. When that happens it happens very quickly, within five minutes. It creates many short circuits, and that causes crazy heart rhythms. The heart beats like a bag of worms instead of a pump. And when that happens, we can't live."Eliot, 64, suffered a heart attack at age 44. He attributes some of the cause to stress. For years he was a "hot reactor". On the exterior, he was cool, calm and collected, but on the interior, stress was killing him. He's now doing very well.The main predictors of destructive levels of stress are the FUD factors—fear, uncertainty and doubt—together with perceived lack of control, he says.For many people, the root of their stress is anger, and the trick is to find out where the anger is coming from. "Does the anger come from a feeling that everything must be perfect?" Eliot asks."That's very common in professional women. They feel they have to be all things to all people and do it all perfectly. They think, 'I should, I must, I have to.' Good enough is never good enough. Perfectionists cannot delegate. They get angry that they have to carry it all, and they blow their tops. Then they feel guilty and they start the whole cycle over again.""Others are angry because they have no compass in life. And they give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument," he says. "If you are angry for more than five minutes—if you stir the anger within you and let it build with no safety outlet—you have to find out where it's coming from.""What happens is that the hotter people get, physiologically, with mental stress, the more likely they are to blow apart with some heart problem."One step to calming down is to recognize you have this tendency. Learn to be less hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking.Eliot recommends taking charge of your life. "If there is one word that should be substituted for stress, it's control. Instead of the FUD factors, what you want is the NICE factors—new, interesting, challenging experiences.""You have to decide what parts of your life you can control," he says. "Stop where you are on your trail and say, 'I'm going to get my compass out and find out what I need to do.' "He suggests that people write down the six things in their lives that they feel are the most important things they'd like to achieve. Ben Franklin did it at age 32. "He wrote down things like being a better father, being a better husband, being financially independent, being stimulatedintellectually and remaining even-tempered—he wasn't good at that."Eliot says you can first make a list of 12 things, then cut it down to 6 and set your priorities. "Don't give yourself impossible things, but things that will affect your identity, control and self-worth.""Put them on a note card and take it with you and look at it when you need to. Since we can't create a 26-hour day we have to decide what things we're going to do."Keep in mind that over time these priorities are going to change. "The kids grow up, the dog dies and you change your priorities."From Eliot's viewpoint, the other key to controlling stress is to "realize that there are other troublesome parts of your life over which you can have little or no control—like the economy and politicians".You have to realize that sometimes with things like traffic jams, deadlines and unpleasant bosses, "You can't fight. You can't flee. You have to learn how to flow."Unit 8There's a Lot More to Life than a JobIt has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the young.Reading a survey report on first-year college students, I recalled the regret, "If only I knew then what I know now."The survey revealed what I had already suspected from informal polls of students both in Macon and at the Robins Resident Center: If it (whatever it may be) won't compute and you can't drink it, smoke it or spend it, then "it" holds little value.According to the survey based on responses from over 188,000 students, today's college beginners are "more consumeristic and less idealistic" than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the students' major objective "is to be financially well off". Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the humanities is at a low, along with ethnic and women's studies. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That's no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of college instructors during her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree."I'll tell them what they can do with their music, history, literature, etc.," she was fond of saying. And that was four years ago; I tremble to think what she's earning now.Frankly, I'm proud of the young lady (not her attitude but her success). But why can't we have it both ways? Can't we educate people for life as well as for a career? I believe we can.If we cannot, then that is a conviction against our educational system—kindergarten, elementary, secondary and higher. In a time of increasing specialization, more than ever, we need to know what is truly important in life.This is where age and maturity enter. Most people, somewhere between the ages of 30 and 50, finally arrive at the inevitable conclusion that they were meant to do more than serve acorporation, a government agency, or whatever.Most of us finally have the insight that quality of life is not entirely determined by a balance sheet. Sure, everyone wants to be financially comfortable, but we also want to feel we have a perspective on the world beyond the confines of our occupation; we want to be able to render service to our fellow men and to our God.If it is a fact that the meaning of life does not dawn until middle age, is it then not the duty of educational institutions to prepare the way for that revelation? Most people, in their youth, resent the Social Security deductions from their pay, yet a seemingly few short years later find themselves standing anxiously by the mailbox.While it's true all of us need a career, preferably a prosperous one, it is equally true that our civilization has collected an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own. And we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More importantly, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions that went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company, no job. How short-sighted in the long run.But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which depicts a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom: "Miss Baxter," he says, "could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?"In the long run that's what education really ought to be about. I think it can be. My college roommate, now head of a large shipping company in New York, not surprisingly was a business major. But he also hosted a classical music show on the college's FM station and listened to Wagner as he studied his accounting.That's the way it should be. Oscar Wilde had it right when he said we ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.Let's hope our educators answer students' cries for career education, but at the same time let's ensure that students are prepared for the day when they realize their short-sightedness. There's a lot more to life than a job.Unit 1美国人认为没有人能停止不前。
新视野大学英语读写教程2(第三版)unit2课文原文及翻译
新视野大学英语读写教程2(第三版)unit2课文原文及翻译ost importantly,studying the humanities invests us P3 播放器那样的有用产品。
然而，仅有很少的人具有能力创造出一个如 iPod 那样的精彩品牌。
最重要的是，学习人文学科使我们具有伟大的洞察力和自我意识，从而以积极和建设性的方式来发挥我们的创造力和才艺。
Perhaps the best argument in favor of the humanities is the scope of possibilities that areatt Damon. Dr. HaroldVarmus, edicine, studied the humanities. Even Michael Eisner,Chairman of the Disney Company, majored in the humanities. Famous people anities make a long list indeed. It”s easy to see that the humanities can prepare us formany different careers and jobs edicine, business, science orentertainment.也许，支持人文学科的最好论点是，人文学科为我们提供了广阔的机会。
你知道世界闻名的电影《泰坦尼克号》的导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆拿的是人文学科的学位吗？第一个登上太空的女宇航员萨利·赖德拿的也是人文学科的学位。
还有电影演员李小龙、格温妮丝·帕特洛·蕾妮·齐薇格及马特·达蒙，也都如此。
获诺贝尔医学奖的哈罗德·瓦慕斯博士也学过人文学科。
甚至迪士尼公司的总裁迈克尔·艾斯纳也主修人文学科。
新视野大学英语2全部课文原文
Unit1Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor."We are slaves to nothing but the clock,” it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sands have run out of a person’s hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.A foreigner’s first impression of the U.S. is li kely to be that everyone is in a rush -- often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the paceof life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain appropriate point.Many new arrivals to the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house.Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or for around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear. Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. Weproduce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer -- especially given our traffic-filled streets. We, therefore, save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings. To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting “teleconferences” to settle problems not only in this country but also -- by satellite -- internationally.The U. S. is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say “Thank you,” to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly. Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, felt to be given added weight by the passage of time. In the U. S., however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with ually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to “get it moving.”Unit2Learning the Olympic Standard for LoveNikolai Petrovich Anikin was not half as intimidating as I ha d imagined he would be. No, this surely was not the ex-Soviet coach my father had shipped me out tomeet.But Nikolai he was, Petrovich and all. He invited me inside an d sat down on the couch, patting the blanket next to him toget me to sit next to him. I was so nervous in his presence. "You are young," he began in his Russian-style English. "If yo u like to try for Olympic Games, I guess you will be able to do this. Nagano Olympics too soon for you, but for 2002in Salt Lake City, you could be ready.""Yes, why not?" he replied to the shocked look on my face.I was a promisingamateur skier, but by no means the top skier in the country. " Of course, there will be many hard training sessions, and you will cry, but you will improve."To be sure, there were countless training sessions full of pain a nd more than a few tears,but in the five years that followedI could always count on being encouraged by Nikolai's amusing stories and sense of humor."My friends, they go in the movies, they go in the dance, th ey go out with girls," he would start. "But I," he would continue , lowering his voice, "I am practice, practice, practice in the stadium. And by the next year, I had cut 1-1/2 minutes of f my time in the15-kilometer race!"My friends asked me, 'Nikolai, how did you do it?' And I replied, 'You go in the movies, you go in the dance, you go out with girls, but I am practice, practice, practice.' "Here the story usually ended, but on one occasion, which we later learned was his 25th wedding anniversary, he stood proudly in a worn woolen sweater and smiled and whispered , "And I tell you, I am 26 years old before I ever kiss a girl! She was the woman I later marry."Romantic and otherwise, Nikolai knew love.His consistent good humor, quiet gratitude, perceptivity, and sincerity set an Olympic standard for love that I continue to r each for, even though my skiing days are over.Still, he never babied me.One February day I had a massive headache and felt quite fatigued. I came upon him in a clearing, and after approxim ately 15 minutes of stridinginto the cold breeze over the white powder to catch him, I fu ssed, "Oh, Nikolai, I feel like I am going to die.""When you are a hundred years old, everybody dies," he sa id, indifferent to my pain."But now," he continued firmly. "Now must be ski, ski, ski." An d, on skis, I did what he said.On other matters, though, I was rebellious.Once, he packed 10 of us into a Finnish bachelor's tiny home for a low-budget ski camp. We awokethe first morning to find Nikolai making breakfast and then m ade quick work with our spoonswhile sitting on makeshift chairs around a tiny card table. When we were finished, Nikolaistacked the sticky bowls in front of my sole female teammat e and me, asserting, "Now, girls do dishes!"I threw my napkin on the floor and swore at him,"Ask the damn boys! This is unfair."He never asked this of me again, nor did he take much notic e of my outburst. He savedhis passion for skiing.When coaching, he would sing out his instructions keeping r hythm with our stride: "Yes, yes, one-two-three, one-two-three ." A dear lady friend of my grandfather, after viewing a copy of a video of me training with Nikolai, asked, "Does he also te ach dance?"In training, I worked without rest to correct mistakes that Nik olai pointed out and I asked after each pass if it was better. "Yes, it's OK. But the faster knee down, the better." "But is i t fast enough?" I'd persist. Finally he would frown and say,"Billion times you make motion—then be perfect," reminding me in an I've-told-you-a-billion-times tone, "You m ust be patient."Nikolai's patience and my hard work earned me a fourth-pla ce national ranking headinginto the pre-Olympic season,but then I missed the cut for the 2002 Olympics.Last summer, I returned to visit Nikolai. He made me tea... a nd did the dishes! We talked while sitting on his couch. Missing the Olympic Team the previous year had made me pause and reflect on what I had gained—not the least of wh ich was a quiet, indissoluble bond with a short man in a tropi cal shirt.Nikolai taught me to have the courage, heart, and disciplin e to persist, even if it takes a billion tries.He taught me to be thankful in advance for a century of life on earth, and toremind myself every day that despite the challenges at hand , "Now must be love, love, love.Unit 3Marriage Across the NationsGail and I imagined a quiet wedding. During our two years together we had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other. But through it all we had honestly confronted theweaknesses and strengths of each other's characters. Our racial and cultural differences enhanced our relationship and taught us a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other. Gail sometimes wondered why I and other blacks were so involved with the racial issue, and I was surprised that she seemed to forget the subtler forms of racial hatred in American society.Gail and I had no illusions about what the future held for us as a married, mixed couple in America. The continual source ofour strength was our mutual trust and respect.We wanted to avoid the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons, and only finding out ten, twenty, or thirty years later that they were incompatible, thatthey hardly took the time to know each other, that they overlooked serious personality conflicts in the expectation that marriage was an automatic way to make everything work out right. That point was emphasized by the fact that Gail's parents, after thirty-five years of marriage, were going through a bitter and painful divorce, which had destroyed Gail and for a time had a negative effect on our buddingrelationship.When Gail spread the news of our wedding plans to her family she met with some resistance. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were going to get married so she could have grandchildren. Instead of congratulations upon hearing our news, Deborah counseled Gail to be really sureshe was doing the right thing."So it was all right for me to date him, but it's wrong for me to marry him. Is his color the problem, Mom?" Gail subsequently told me she had asked her mother."To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them. But when I met Mark I found him a charming and intelligent young guy. Any mother would be proud to havehim for a son-in-law. So, color has nothing to do with it. Yes, my friends talk. Some even express shock at what you're doing. But they live in a different world. So you see, Mark's color is not the problem. My biggest worry is that you may be marrying Mark for the same wrong reasons that I married your father. When we met I saw him as my beloved, intelligent, charming, and caring. It was all so new, all so exciting, and we both thought, on the surface at least, that ours was an ideal marriage with every indication that it would last forever.I realized only later that I didn't know my beloved, your father,very well when we married.""But Mark and I have been together more than two years," Gail railed. "We've been through so much together. We've seen each other at our worst many times. I'm sure that time will only confirm what we feel deeply about each other.""You may be right. But I still think that waiting won't hurt.You're only twenty-five."Gail's father, David, whom I had not yet met personally, approached our decision with a father-knows-best attitude. He basically asked the same questions as Gail's mother: "Why the haste? Who is this Mark? What's his citizenship status?" And when he learned of my problems with the Citizenshipdepartment, he immediately suspected that I was marrying his daughter in order to remain in the United States."But Dad, that's harsh," Gail said."Then why the rush? Buy time, buy time," he remarkedrepeatedly."Mark has had problems with citizenship before and has always taken care of them himself," Gail defended." In fact, he made it very clear when we were discussing marriage that if I had any doubts about anything, I should not hesitate tocancel our plans."Her father proceeded to quote statistics showing that mixed couples had higher divorce rates than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he hadcounseled who were having marital difficulties. "Have you thought about the hardships your children wouldgo through?" he asked."Dad, are you a racist?""No, of course not. But you have to be realistic." "Maybe our children will have some problems, but whose children don't? But one thing they'll always have: our loveand devotion.""That's idealistic. People can be very cruel toward childrenfrom mixed marriages.""Dad, we'll worry about that when the time comes. If we had to resolve all doubt before we acted, very little would everget done.""Remember, it's never too late to change your mind."Unti4A Test of True LoveSix minutes to six, said the digital clock over the information desk in Grand Central Station. John Blandford, a tall young army officer, focused his eyesight on the clock to note the exact time. In six minutes he would see the woman who had filled a special place in his life for the past thirteen months, a woman he had never seen, yet whose written wor ds had been with him and had given him strength without fai l.Soon after he volunteered for military service, he had receiv ed a book from this woman. A letter, which wished him courage and safety, came with the book. He discovered that ma ny of his friends, also in the army, had received the identical book from the woman, Hollis Meynell. And while they all got s trength from it, and appreciated her support of their cause, J ohn Blandford was the only person to write Ms. Meynell back. On the day of his departure, to a destination overseas wher e he would fight in the war, he received her reply. Aboard th e cargo ship that was taking him into enemy territory, he stoo d on the deck and read her letter to him again and again. For thirteen months, she had faithfully written to him. When hi s letters did not arrive, she wrote anyway, without decrease. During the difficult days of war, her letters nourished him and gave him courage. As long as he received letters from her, h e felt as though he could survive. After a short time, he believ ed he loved her, and she loved him. It was as if fate had bro ught them together.But when he asked her for a photo, she declined his request . She explained her objection: "If your feelings for me have a ny reality, any honest basis, what I look like won't matter. Sup pose I'm beautiful. I'd always be bothered by the feeling that you loved me for my beauty, and that kind of love would dis gust me. Suppose I'm plain. Then I'd always fear you were writing to me only because you were lonely and had no one els e. Either way, I would forbid myself from loving you. When yo u come to New York and you see me, then you can make yo ur decision. Remember, both of us are free to stop or to go o n after that—if that's what we choose..."One minute to six... Blandford's heart leaped.A young woman was coming toward him, and he felt a con nection with her right away. Her figure was long and thin, her spectacular golden hair lay back in curls from her small ears. Her eyes were blue flowers; her lips had a gentle firmness. In her fancy green suit she was like springtime come alive.He started toward her, entirely forgetting to notice that she wasn't wearing a rose, and as he moved, a small, warm smile formed on her lips."Going my way, soldier?" she asked.Uncontrollably, he made one step closer to her. Then he sa w Hollis Meynell.She was standing almost directly behind the girl, a woman well past forty, and a fossil to his young eyes, her hair sporting patches of gray. She was more than fat; her thick legs shook as they moved. But she wore a red rose on her brown coat. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away and soonvanished into the fog. Blandford felt as though his heart was being compressed into a small cement ball, so strong was his desire to follow the girl, yet so deep was his longing for the w oman whose spirit had truly companioned and brought war mth to his own; and there she stood. Her pale, fat face was g entle and intelligent; he could see that now. Her gray eyes h ad a warm, kindly look.Blandford resisted the urge to follow the younger woman, th ough it was not easy to do so. His fingers held the book she h ad sent to him before he went off to the war, which was to id entify him to Hollis Meynell. This would not be love. However, i t would be something precious, something perhaps even less common than love—a friendship for which he had been, an d would always be, thankful. He held the book out toward the woman."I'm John Blandford, and you—you are Ms. Meynell. I'm so g lad you could meet me. May I take you to dinner?" The wom an smiled. "I don't know what this is all about, son," she answe red. "That young lady in the green suit—the one who just wen t by—begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said that if you asked me to go out with you, I should tell you that she's waiting for you in that big restaurant near the highway.She said it was some kind of a test."Unte5Weeping for My Smoking Daughter)My daughter smokes. While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, I am looking at the h alf-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at han d. I pick them up, take them into the kitchen, where the light is better, and study them -- they are filtered, for which I am gr ateful. My heart feels terrible. I want to weep. In fact, I do we ep a little, standing there by the stove holding one of the inst ruments, so white, so precisely rolled, that could cause my d aughter's death. When she smokedMarlboros and Players I hardened myself against feeling so b ad; nobody I knew eversmoked these brands.She doesn't know this, but it was Camels that my father, her g randfather,smoked. But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufa cturers -- when he was very young and very poor, with glowi ng eyes -- he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. I remember the bright-red tobacco tin, with a picture ofQueen Victoria's partner, Prince Albert, dressed in a black dr ess coat and carrying a cane.By the late forties and early fifties no one rolled his own any more (and few women smoked) in my hometown of Eatonto n, Georgia. The tobacco industry, coupledwith Hollywood movies in which both male and female hero es smoked like chimneys,completely won over people like my father, who were hopel essly hooked by cigarettes. He never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert, though; he continued to look like a poor, ov erweight, hard working colored man with too large a family, black, with a very white cigarette stuck in his mouth.I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it w as unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed. By the time I was sixteen, my daughter's age, his breath was a wheeze, emb arrassing to hear; he could not climb stairs without resting ev ery third or fourth step. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.My father died from "the poor man's friend", pneumonia, o ne hard winter when hislung illnesses had left him low. I doubt he had much lung left at all, after coughingfor so many years. He had so little breath that, during his last years, he was alwaysleaning on something. I remembered once, at a family reuni on, when my daughter wastwo, that my father picked her up for a minute -- long enoug h for me to photograph them -- but the effort was obvious. N ear the very end of his life, and largely because he had no m ore lungs, he quit smoking. He gained a couple of pounds, b ut by then he was so slim that no one noticed.When I travel to Third World countries I see many people like my father anddaughter. There are large advertisement signs directed at th em both: the tough, confident or fashionable older man, the beautiful, "worldly" young woman, bothdragging away. In these poor countries, as in American inner cities and onreservations, money that should be spent for food goes inste ad to the tobacco companies; over time, people starve the mselves of both food and air, effectivelyweakening and hooking their children, eventually killing the mselves. I read in thenewspaper and in my gardening magazine that the ends of cigarettes are sopoisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die, and t hat the boiled water from a bunch of them makes an effecti ve insecticide.There is a deep hurt that I feel as a mother. Some days it is a feeling of uselessness.I remember how carefully I ate when I was pregnant, how pa tiently I taught my daughter how to cross a street safely. For what, I sometimes wonder; so that she can struggle to breath e through most of her life feeling half her strength, and then dieof self-poisoning, as her grandfather did?There is a quotation from a battered women's shelter that I especially like: "Peace on earth begins at home." I believe everything does. I think of a quotation for people trying to stop smoking: "Every home is a no smoking zone." Smoking is a for m of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, oc casionally joke or complain, and helplessly watch. I realize no w that as a child I sat by, through the years, and literally wat ched my father kill himself: surely one such victory in my famil y, for the prosperous leaders who own the tobacco compani es, is enough.Uint6 aFor her first twenty-four years, she'd been known as Debbie—a name that didn't suit her good looks and elegant manner."My name has always made me think I should be a cook," she complained."I just don't feel like a Debbie."One day, while filling out an application form for a publishingjob, the young woman impulsivelysubstituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie."That was the smartest thing I ever did," she says now."As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie, I felt more comfortable with myself... and other people started to take me more seriously."Two years after her successful job interview, the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor.Friends and associates call her Lynne.Naturally, the name change didn't cause Debbie/Lynne'sprofessional achievement—but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to hertalents Social scientists say that what you're called can affect your life.Throughout history, names have not merely identified people but also described them."As his name is, so is he." says theBible, and Webster's Dictionary includes the following definition of name: "a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing, often expressing approval or disapproval".Note well "approval or disapproval".For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you.Names become attached to specific images, as anyone who's been called "a plain Jane" or "just an average Joe" can show.Thelatter name particularly bothers me since my name is Joe, which some think makes me more qualified to be a baseball player than, say, an art critic.Yet, despite this disadvantage, I did manage to become an art critic for a time.Even so, one prominent magazine consistently refused to print "Joe" in myby-line, using my first initials, J. S., instead.I suspect that if I were a morerefined Arthur or Adrian, the name would have appeared complete.Of course, names with a positive sense can work for you and even encourage new acquaintances.A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name, while women believedRichard and David were the most attractive for men.One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because "he sounded dull".Several evenings later, she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very impressive man; they'd been exchanging glances all evening."Oh," I said. "You mean Harry."She was ill at ease.Though most of us would like to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions, we're all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent.<p18><28>Confess</28>: Wouldn't you be surprised to meet a <29>carpenter</29> named Nigel? A <30>physicist</30> named Bertha? A <31>Pope</31> Mel? Often, <p19>we project name-based stereotypes on people, <p20>as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a <33>nursery school</33>'s group of four-year-olds."There I was, trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book—<p21>and pushing a <34>thoughtful</34> <35>creature</35> named Rory to play ball.I had their personalities confused because of their names!"Apparently, such prejudices can affect classroom achievement as well.In a study conducted by Herbert Harari of San Diego State University, and John McDavid of Georgia State University, teachers gave consistently lower grades on essays apparently written by boys named Elmer and Hubert than they <36>awarded</36> to the same papers when the writers' names were given as Michael and David. However, teacher prejudice isn't the only source of classroom difference.<37>Dr</37>. Thomas V. Busse and Louisa Seraydarian of Temple University found those girls with names such as Linda, Diane, Barbara, Carol, and Cindy <p22>performed better on <39>objectively</39> graded IQ and achievement tests than did girls with less <40>appealing</40> names.(A companion study showed girls' <41>popularity</41> with their peers was also related to the popularity of their names―although the connection was less clear for boys.)Though your parents probably meant your name to last alifetime, remember that when they picked it they'd hardly met you, and the hopes and dreams they valued when they chose it may not match yours.If your name no longer seems to fit you, don't<42>despair</42>; <p23>you aren't stuck with the<43>label</43>.Movie stars regularly change their names, and with some determination, you can, too.Unit7 aIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart.If you don't want to break your own heart, you need to learn to take charge of your life where you can—and recognize there are many things beyond your control.。
新视野大学英语第三版第二册U1课文原文+翻译
Unit 1An impressive English lesson1 If I am the only parent who still corrects his child's English, then perhaps my son is right. To him,I am a tedious oddity: a father he is obliged to listen to and a man absorbed in the rules of grammar, which my son seems allergic to.2 I think I got serious about this only recently when I ran into one of my former students, fresh from an excursion to Europe. "How was it?" I asked, full of earnest anticipation.3 She nodded three or four times, searched the heavens for the right words, and then exclaimed, "It was, like, whoa!"4 And that was it. The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture were captured ina condensed non-statement. My student's "whoa!" was exceeded only by myhead-shaking distress.5 There are many different stories about the downturn in the proper use of English. Surely students should be able to distinguish between their/there/they're or the distinctive differencebetween complimentary and complementary. They unfairly bear the bulk of the criticism for these knowledge deficits because there is a sense that they should know better.6 Students are not dumb, but they are being misled everywhere they look and listen. For example, signs in grocery stores point them to the stationary, even though the actual stationery items— pads, albums and notebooks — are not nailed down. Friends and loved onesoften proclaim they've just ate when, in fact, they've just eaten. Therefore, it doesn't make any sense to criticize our students.7 Blame for the scandal of this language deficit should be thrust upon our schools, which should be setting high standards of English language proficiency. Instead, they only teach a little grammar and even less advanced vocabulary. Moreover, the younger teachers themselves evidently have little knowledge of these vital structures of language because they also went without exposure to them. Schools fail to adequately teach the essential framework of language, accurate grammar and proper vocabulary, while they should take the responsibility of pushing the young onto the pathof competent communication.8 Since grammar is boring to most of the young students, I think that it must be handled delicately, step by step. The chance came when one day I was driving with my son. As we set out on our trip, he noticed a bird in jerky flight and said, "It's flying so unsteady." I carefully asked, "My son, how is the bird flying?" "What's wrong? Did I say anything incorrectly?" He got lost. "Great! You said incorrectly instead of incorrect. We use adverbs to describe verbs. Therefore, it's flyingso unsteadily but not so unsteady."9 Curious about my correction, he asked me what an adverb was. Slowly, I said, "It's a word that tells you something about a verb." It led to his asking me what a verb was. I explained, "Verbs are action words; for example, Dad drives the truck. Drive is the verb because it's the thing Dad is doing."10 He became attracted to the idea of action words, so we listed a few more: fly, swim, dive,run. Then, out of his own curiosity, he asked me if other words had names for their useand functions. This led to a discussion of nouns, adjectives, and articles. Within the span of a10-minute drive, he had learned from scratch to the major parts of speech in a sentence. It was painless learning and great fun!11 Perhaps, language should be looked upon as a road map and a valuable possession: often study the road map (check grammar) and tune up the car engine (adjust vocabulary). Learning grammar and a good vocabulary is just like driving with a road map in a well-conditioned car.12 The road map provides the framework and guidance you need for your trip, but it won't tell you exactly what trees or flowers you will see, what kind of people you will encounter, or what types of feelings you will be experiencing on your journey. Here, the vocabulary makes the journey's true colors come alive! A good vocabulary enables you to enjoy whatever you see as you drive along. Equipped with grammar and a good vocabulary, you have flexibility and excellent control. While the road map guides your journey to your destination, an excellent vehicle helps you to fully enjoy all of the sights, sounds and experiences along the way.13 Effective, precise, and beneficial communication depends upon grammar and a good vocabulary, the two essential assets for students, but they are not being taught in schools.14 Just this morning, my son and I were eating breakfast when I attempted to add milk to my tea. "Dad," he said, "If I were you, I wouldn't do that. It's sour."15 "Oh my!" I said, swelling with pride toward my son, "That's a grammatically perfect sentence. You used were instead of was."16 "I know, I know," he said with a long agreeable sigh. "It's the subjunctive mood."17 I was, like, whoa!Translation一堂难忘的英语课1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
新视野大学英语读写教程(第三版)第二册课文原文及翻译
新视野大学英语第二册读写教程课文翻译Unit 1 Text A An impressive Engli lsesson标题: 一堂难忘的英语课1. 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2. 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3.她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4. 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5. 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6. 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎清理。
7. 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架一一准确的语法和恰当的词汇一一充分地传授给学生。
新视野大学英语读写教程第二册(第二版)Pre-reading听力原文
新视野大学英语读写教程第二册（第二版）Pre-reading听力原文Unit 1 第一单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesTime is the same in all places, but people’s relationship with time is different from country to country. In the United States, time is a real, precious resource, and every minute counts. People here are always in a rush and under pressure. There are no short conversations or small exchanges with strangers because people think it is a waste of time. Does this sound like your country If it does not, and if you don’t think you w ould like such a place, you would most likely be unhappy in the United States, where doing things quickly is seen as a skill.1. Time.2. Short conversations or small exchanges with strangers.3. (Open-ended.)Unit 2 第二单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesWhen I think back about the many people who have influenced me during my life, I often think of one person who showed his passion through his commitment to my success. I think of my coach, the man who taught and inspired me not only how to run the mile as fast as I could, but also how to work at something a little every day until greatness is achieved. Through his continuous efforts, I gradually came to an understanding of the meaning of commitment, which is really what love is all about.1. Her coach.2. How to run the mile as fast as she could and how to work at something a little every day until greatness is achieved.3. (Open-ended.)Unit 3 第三单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesGail and Mark were from different cultural and racial background. They had been together for two years and had learned to understand and respect each other. Recently they decided to marry and they told the news to Gail’s parents. To their surprise, they met with some resistance. Gail’s mother was worried that they might be mar rying for the wrong reasons and advised her daughter to wait. Gail’s father also opposed the marriage because he thought that Mark wasmarrying his daughter so that he could remain in the United States. Such concerns are understandable. After all, marriage across nations may have its problem of one kind or another.1. Gail’s mother was worried that they might be marrying for the wrong reason.2. Mark wanted to marry Gail so that he could remain in the United States.3. (Open-ended.)Unit 4 第四单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesI wrote a story about love, and I hope you like it. The story is about a young soldier who is waiting to see a woman he has fallen in love with. I suppose it’s a lot like my other stories in that it has a happy ending. You might laugh at me for writing stories that are so sweet. But, you see, I am a deep believer in love, and I am hopeful about everyone finding it. Without love, I really don’t know what the purpose of living would be.4. He is waiting to see a woman he has fallen in love with.5. A happy ending.6. (Open-ended.)Unit 5第五单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesToday, I want to talk about the historic opportunity we now have to protect our children from an even more deadly threat: smoking. Smoking kills more people every day than AIDS, alcohol, car accidents, murders, drugs and fires combined. Nearly 90% percent of those smokers lit their first cigarette before they turned 18. In the past few years we’ve worked to stop our children from smoking before they start, to reduce their access to tobacco products, and to restrict tobacco companies from advertising to young people. If we do these, we’ll cut teen smoking by almost half over the next five years.1. Before they turned 18.2. To reduce children’s access to tobacco pro ducts, and to restrict tobacco companies from advertising to your people.3. ( Open-ended)自由作答，陈述各自的观点.Unit 6 第六单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesThere are various reasons for our final decision on what name to give to a baby. For some it may simply because they come across a name that they feel is “it”. But for most people it may be a process of careful selection based on meaning, tradition, or parents’ wishes for their child. Whatever the naming method, a given name follows the child throughout his or her life. How can parents decide on a name that will satisfy them Consider the following: First, consider the area the child will grow up in when selecting a name. Second, choose a name based on some personal meaning so when th e child asks why they’re named so, the parents will have a reasonable explanation. Finally, before deciding on a name, get opinions of people around! Chances are, if your friends and family members look shocked when you share your name selection, your child will probably be horrified as well.１.Meaning, tradition, or parents’ wishes for their child.2. Three. Get opinions of people around.3. (Open-ended.)Unit 7 第七单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesStress can kill you. Being tense can damage your heart, so it is wise to take charge of your life and realize you cannot control everything. But you can control stress which is caused by fear, uncertainty, doubt, and lack of control. Anger may also be the root of this stress, especially for hard-working professional women and people with no goals in life. To relax and take control of your life, try the NICE factors: new, interesting, challenging experiences. And follow Ben Franklin’s example by writing down the major goals you want to achieve in your life. For the problems over which you have no control, you have to learn to go with the flow. can be caused by fear, uncertainty, doubt, lack of control, and anger..2. The NICE factors are new, interesting, challenging experiences.3. (open-ended.)Unit 8 第八单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesWhat is life about We work hard everyday to make more money, to gain power and recognition. We neglect our health, time with our family, the surrounding beauty and the hobbies we love. One day when we look back, we w ill realize that we don’t really need that much. We then willrealize how much we have missed in life! Work definitely is not the whole of life. Work is meant to keep us living so that we enjoy the beauty and pleasures of life.Life is a balance of work and play, family and personal time. Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the aim of human existence. So, live a balanced lifestyle and enjoy life!health, time with our family, the surrounding beauty and the hobbies we love.2. Happiness.3. (open-ended.)Unit 9 第九单元SECTION A Pre-reading ActivitiesI wasn’t the brightest kid in my graduating class. I didn’t even attend a famous school. What I did have, though, was a supportive family, and with their help, I was able to become one of the top lawyers in the state of Florida and then a Florida State Supreme Court Justice. And you know what It wasn’t as hard as you may think. It started with a clear set of rules: always get up early, always work hard, always do things honestly, always try to improve on the day before and never give up. When I was younger, I didn’t always remember the rules myself, so my father had to remind me. After a while, though, the rules became habit and everything else sort of fell into place.1. He owed his success to his supportive family.2. The rules were: always get up early, always work hard, always do things honestly, always try to improve on the day before, and never give up.3. (Open-end.) 开放性问题，可按自己的想法回答。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第二册原文和翻译
An impressive English lesson一堂难忘的英语课1.If I am the only parent who still corrects his child's English, then perhaps my sonis right.To him, I am atedious oddity: a father he is obliged to listen to and a man absorbed in the rules of grammar, which my son seems allergic to.1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2.I think I got serious about this only recently when I ran into one of my formerstudents, fresh from anexcursion to Europe."How was it?" I asked, full ofearnest anticipation.2 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3.She nodded three or four times, searched the heavens for the right words, andthen exclaimed, "It was, like, whoa!"3 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4.And that was it. The civilization of Greece and the glory ofRoman architecture were captured in a condensed non-statement. My student's "whoa!" was exceeded only by my head-shaking distress.4 没了。
新视野大学英语2全部课文原文中英文翻译
新视野大学英语2全部课文中英文翻译Unit1Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor.美国人相信没有人会停滞不前。
如果你不前进，你就落后了。
这种态度造就了一个致力于研究、试验和探索的民族。
时间是美国人谨慎节约的两个要素之一，另一个是劳动。
"We are slaves to nothing but the clock,” it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sandshave run out of a person’s hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.有人说：“我们只是时钟的奴隶。
新视野第大学英语读写教程2（第三版）unit2课文原文
新视野第大学英语读写教程2（第三版）unit2课文原文The humanities: Out of date?1 When the going gets tough, the tough take accounting. When the job market worsens, many students calculate they can't major in English or history. They have to study something that boosts their prospects of landing a job.2 The data show that as students have increasingly shouldered the ever-rising cost of tuition, they have defected from the study of the humanities andtoward applied science and "hard" skills that they bet will lead to employment. In other words, a college education is more and more seen as a means for economic betterment rather than a means for human betterment. This is a trend that is likely topersist and even accelerate.3 Over the next few years, as labor markets struggle, the humanities will probably continue their long slide in succession. There already has been a nearly 50 percent decline in the portion of liberal arts majors over the past generation, and it is logical to think that the trend is bound to continue or even accelerate. Oncethe dominant pillars of university life, the humanities now play little roles when students take their college tours. These days, labs aremore vivid and compelling than libraries.4 Here, please allow me to stand up for and promote the true value that the humanities add to people's lives. Since ancient times, people have speculated about the mystery of those inner forces that drive some people to greatness and others to self-destruction.This inner drive has been called manythings over the centuries. The famous psychologist, Sigmund Freud, called it the "unconsciousmind" or, more familiarly, "instinct".5 From the beginning of time, this inner aspect of our being, this drive that can be constructive or destructive, has captured our imagination. The stories of this amazing struggle have formed the basis of cultures the world over. Historians, architects, authors,philosophers and artists have captured the words, images and meanings of this inner struggle in the form of story, music, myth, painting, architecture, sculpture, landscape and traditions. These men and women developed artistic "languages" that help us understand these aspirations and also educate generations. This fertile body of work from ancient times, the very foundation of civilization, forms the basis of study of the humanities.6 Studying the humanities improves our ability to read and write. No matter what we do in life, we will have a huge advantage if we can read complex ideas and understand their meaning. We will have a bright career if we are the person in the office who can write a clear and elegant analysis of those ideas!7 Studying the humanities makes us familiar with the language of emotion and the creative process. In an information economy, many people have the ability to produce a useful product such as a new MP3 player. Yet, very few people have the ability to create aspectacular brand: the iPod. Most importantly, studying thehumanities invests us with great insight and self-awareness, therebyreleasing our creative energy and talent in a positive and constructive manner.8 Perhaps the best argument in favor of the humanities is thescope of possibilities that are widely open to us. Did you know thatJames Cameron, world-famous director of the movie, Titanic, graduated with a degree in the humanities? So did Sally Ride, the first woman in space. So did actors Bruce Lee, Gwyneth Paltrow, Renee Zellweger and Matt Damon. Dr. Harold Varmus, who won a Nobel Prize for Medicine, studied the humanities. Even Michael Eisner, Chairman of the Disney Company, majored in the humanities.Famous people who studied the humanities make a long list indeed. It's easy to see that the humanities can prepare us for many different careers and jobs we can undertake, whether medicine, business, science or entertainment. If we study only mathematics, it's likely we will be a candidate only for jobs as a mathematician. If we include studying the humanities, we can make breakthroughs on many barriers and are limited only by our effort and imagination.9 Of course, nowadays, if we study the humanities alone, we are liable to miss many opportunities. Each one of us needs to become as technically and professionally skilled as possible to help meet the needs of modern life. In fact, increasingly a pairing of technical knowledge and inner insight is seen as the ideal in the establishment of a career. If I were the Dean of Admissions at a medical school and two people applied to our school, both having the required basic scientific courses, one a philosophy major and the other solely a pre-med student, the philosophy applicant would be chosen.10 In summary, the humanities help to create well-rounded human beings with insight and understanding of the passions, hopes and dreams common to all humanity. The humanities, the ancient timeless reservoir of knowledge, teach us to see things differently and broaden our horizons. They are as useful andrelevant in our modern age as they have always been. Doesn't it make sense to spend some time in the company of the humanities, our outstanding and remarkable treasure of knowledge? Who knows how famous YOU might become!。
新视野大学英语读写教程(第三版)第二册课文原文及翻译
新视野大学英语第二册读写教程课文翻译Unit 1 Text A An impressive Engli lsesson标题: 一堂难忘的英语课1. 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2. 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？” 3.她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！” 4. 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5. 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6. 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎清理。
7. 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架一一准确的语法和恰当的词汇一一充分地传授给学生。
(完整版)新视野大学英语2课文原文和翻译unit7、8
Lighten Your Load and Save Your LifeIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart。
如果你常常生气、身心疲乏，好像你生活中的压力正在快速地积聚，将要失去控制，那么你可能是在损害你的心脏了。
If you don't want to break your own heart, you need to learn to take charge of your life where you can—and recognize there are many things beyond your control。
假如你不想损害自己的心脏,你就需要努力学会在力所能及的范围内控制自己的生活──并且承认有许多东西你是无法控制的。
So says Dr. Robert S。
Eliot， author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength：How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life. He's a clinical professor of medicine at the University of Nebraska. 这是罗伯特·S。
埃利奥特博士的观点。
他是内布拉斯加大学的临床医学教授，新书《从压力到力量：怎样减轻你的负担，拯救你的生命》的作者。
Eliot says there are people in this world that he calls ”hot reactors”。
For these people, being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure。
新视野大学英语读写教程【第三版】第二册课文原文与翻译
Unit 1Text A An impressive English lesson一堂难忘的英语课1 If I am the only parent who still corrects his child’s English，then perhaps my son is right。
To him，I am a tedious oddity：a father he is obliged to listen to and a man absorbed in the rules of grammar，which my son seems allergic to。
如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的.对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲,一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2 I think I got serious about this only recently when I ran into one of my former students, fresh from an excursion to Europe。
"How was it?" I asked，full of earnest anticipation。
我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的.这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3 She nodded three or four times，searched the heavens for the right words, and then exclaimed，”It was, like，whoa!"她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语,然后惊呼：“真是，哇!”4 And that was it. The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture were captured in a condensed non—statement. My student’s ”whoa！” was exceeded only by my head—shaking distress.没了。
新视野大学英语第二版读写教程第二册课后翻译及原文
Unit1她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。
wouldn'ttakeadrink,muchlesswouldshestayfordinner.他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。
thoughtIwaslyingtohim,whereasIwastellingthetruth.这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？doyouaccountforthefactthatyouhavebeenlateeverydaythisweek?他们利润增长的局部原因是采用了新的市场策略。
increaseintheirprofitsisduepartlytotheirnewmarketstrategy.这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。
measuresarelikelytoresultintheimprovementofworkefficiency.我们已经在这个工程上投入了大量的时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。
havealreadypouredalotoftimeandenergyintotheproject,sowehavetocarryon.Unit2尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。
thefactthatsheistheonlychildinherfamily,sheisneverbabiedbyherparents.迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打做任何解释。
didn'tcometothepartylastnight,nordidhecallmetogiveanexplanation.坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但绝不是什么大作家。
personsittingnexttohimdidpublishsomenovels,butheisbynomeansagreatwriter.他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。
hasnointerestinfootballandisindifferenttowhowinsorloses.经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。
新视野大学英语读写教程(第三版)第二册课文原文及翻译
新视野大学英语第二册读写教程课文翻译Unit 1 Text A An impressive Engli lsesson标题: 一堂难忘的英语课1. 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2. 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3.她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4. 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5. 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6. 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎清理。
7. 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架一一准确的语法和恰当的词汇一一充分地传授给学生。
新视野大学英语读写教程(第二版)第二册课文及翻译
Unit 1Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor."We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sands have run out of a person's hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.A foreigner's first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don't take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point.Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear.Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer—especially given our traffic-filled streets. We, therefore, save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally.The US is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say "Thank you", to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work tooquickly. Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, given added weight by the passage of time. In the US, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. Usually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to "get it moving".Unit 3Marriage Across NationsGail and I imagined a quiet wedding. During our two years together we had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to know, understand, and respect each other. But through it all we had honestly confronted the weaknesses and strengths of each other's characters.Our racial and cultural differences enhanced our relationship and taught us a great deal about tolerance, compromise, and being open with each other. Gail sometimes wondered why I and other blacks were so involved with the racial issue, and I was surprised that she seemed to forget the subtler forms of racial hatred in American society.Gail and I had no illusions about what the future held for us as a married, mixed couple in America. The continual source of our strength was our mutual trust and respect.We wanted to avoid the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons, and only finding out ten, twenty, or thirty years later that they were incompatible, that they hardly took the time to know each other, that they overlooked serious personality conflicts in the expectation that marriage was an automatic way to make everything work out right. That point was emphasized by the fact that Gail's parents, after thirty-five years of marriage, were going through a bitter and painful divorce, which had destroyed Gail and for a time had a negative effect on our budding relationship.When Gail spread the news of our wedding plans to her family she met with some resistance. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were going to get married so she could have grandchildren. Instead of congratulations upon hearing our news, Deborah counseled Gail to be really sure she was doing the right thing."So it was all right for me to date him, but it's wrong for me to marry him. Is his color the problem, Mom?" Gail subsequently told me she had asked her mother."To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them. But when I met Mark I found him a charming and intelligent young guy. Any mother would be proud to have him for a son-in-law. So, color has nothing to do with it. Yes, my friends talk. Some even express shock at what you are doing. But they live in a different world. So you see, Mark's color is not the problem. My biggest worry is that you may be marrying Mark for the same wrong reasons that I married your father. When we met I saw him as my beloved, intelligent, charming, and caring. It was all so new, all so exciting, and we both thought, on the surface at least, that ours was an ideal marriage with every indication that it would last forever. I realized only later that I didn't know my beloved, your father, very well when we married.""But Mark and I have been together more than two years," Gail railed. "We've been throughso much together. We've seen each other at our worst many times. I'm sure that time will only confirm what we feel deeply about each other.""You may be right. But I still think that waiting won't hurt. You're only twenty-five."Gail's father, David, whom I had not yet met personally, approached our decision with a father-knows-best attitude. He basically asked the same questions as Gail's mother:"Why the haste? Who is this Mark? What's his citizenship status?" And when he learned of my problems with the citizenship department, he immediately suspected that I was marrying his daughter in order to remain in the United States."But Dad,that's harsh," Gail said."Then why the rush?" he asked repeatedly."Mark has had problems with citizenship before and has always taken care of them himself," Gail defended. "In fact, he made it very clear when we were discussing marriage that if I had any doubts about anything, I should not hesitate to cancel our plans."Her father proceeded to quote statistics showing that mixed couples had higher divorce rates than couples of the same race and gave examples of mixed couples he had counseled who were having marital difficulties."Have you thought about the hardships your children could go through?" he asked."Dad, are you a racist?""No, of course not. But you have to be realistic.""Maybe our children will have some problems, but whose children don't? But one thing they'll always have: our love and devotion.""That's idealistic. People can be very cruel toward children from mixed marriages.""Dad, we'll worry about that when the time comes. If we had to resolve all doubt before we acted, very little would ever get done.""Remember, it's never too late to change your mind."Unit 5Weeping for My Smoking DaughterMy daughter smokes. While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, I am looking at the half-empty package of Camels tossed carelessly close at hand. I pick them up, take them into the kitchen, where the light is better, and study them—they're filtered, for which I am grateful. My heart feels terrible. I want to weep. In fact, I do weep a little, standing there by the stove holding one of the instruments, so white, so precisely rolled, that could cause my daughter's death. When she smoked Marlboros and Players I hardened myself against feeling so bad; nobody I knew ever smoked these brands.She doesn't know this, but it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked. But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers—when he was very young and very poor, with glowing eyes—he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. I remember the bright-red tobacco tin, with a picture of Queen Victoria's partner, Prince Albert, dressed in a black dress coat and carrying a cane.By the late forties and early fifties no one rolled his own anymore (and few women smoked) in my hometown of Eatonton, Georgia. The tobacco industry, coupled with Hollywood movies inwhich both male and female heroes smoked like chimneys, completely won over people like my father, who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. He never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert, though; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family, black, with a very white cigarette stuck in his mouth.I do not remember when he started to cough. Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning as he lit his first cigarette upon getting out of bed. By the time I was sixteen, my daughter's age, his breath was a wheeze, embarrassing to hear; he could not climb stairs without resting every third or fourth step. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.My father died from "the poor man's friend", pneumonia, one hard winter when his lung illnesses had left him low. I doubt he had much lung left at all, after coughing for so many years. He had so little breath that, during his last years, he was always leaning on something. I remembered once, at a family reunion, when my daughter was two, that my father picked her up for a minute—long enough for me to photograph them—but the effort was obvious. Near the very end of his life, and largely because he had no more lungs, he quit smoking. He gained a couple of pounds, but by then he was so slim that no one noticed.When I travel to Third World countries I see many people like my father and daughter. There are large advertisement signs directed at them both: the tough, confident or fashionable older man, the beautiful, "worldly" young woman, both dragging away. In these poor countries, as in American inner cities and on reservations, money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves. I read in the newspaper and in my gardening magazine that the ends of cigarettes are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die, and that the boiled water from a bunch of them makes an effective insecticide.There is a deep hurt that I feel as a mother. Some days it is a feeling of uselessness. I remember how carefully I ate when I was pregnant, how patiently I taught my daughter how to cross a street safely. For what, I sometimes wonder; so that she can struggle to breathe through most of her life feeling half her strength, and then die of self-poisoning, as her grandfather did?There is a quotation from a battered women's shelter that I especially like: "Peace on earth begins at home." I believe everything does. I think of a quotation for people trying to stop smoking: "Every home is a no-smoking zone." Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters those who must sit by, occasionally joke or complain, and helplessly watch. I realize now that as a child I sat by, through the years, and literally watched my father kill himself: Surely one such victory in my family, for the prosperous leaders who own the tobacco companies, is enough.Unit 6As His Name Is, So Is He!For her first twenty-four years, she'd been known as Debbie—a name that didn't suit her good looks and elegant manner. "My name has always made me think I should be a cook," she complained. "I just don't feel like a Debbie."One day, while filling out an application form for a publishing job, the young woman impulsively substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie. "That was the smartest thing I ever did," she says now. "As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie, I felt more comfortable with myself... and other people started to take me more seriously." Two years afterher successful job interview, the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor. Friends and associates call her Lynne.Naturally, the name change didn't cause Debbie/Lynne's professional achievement—but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents. Social scientists say that what you're called can affect your life. Throughout history, names have not merely identified people but also described them. "As his name is, so is he." says the Bible, and Webster's Dictionary includes the following definition of name: "a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing, often expressing approval or disapproval". Note well "approval or disapproval". For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you.Names become attached to specific images, as anyone who's been called "a plain Jane" or "just an average Joe" can show. The latter name particularly bothers me since my name is Joe, which some think makes me more qualified to be a baseball player than, say, an art critic. Yet, despite this disadvantage, I did manage to become an art critic for a time. Even so, one prominent magazine consistently refused to print "Joe" in my by-line, using my first initials, J. S., instead. I suspect that if I were a more refined Arthur or Adrian, the name would have appeared complete.Of course, names with a positive sense can work for you and even encourage new acquaintances. A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name, while women believed Richard and David were the most attractive for men. One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because "he sounded dull". Several evenings later, she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very impressive man; they'd been exchanging glances all evening. "Oh," I said. "You mean Harry." She was ill at ease.Though most of us would like to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions, we're all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent. Confess: Wouldn't you be surprised to meet a carpenter named Nigel? A physicist named Bertha? A Pope Mel? Often, we project name-based stereotypes on people, as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery school's group of four-year-olds. "There I was, trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book—and pushing a thoughtful creature named Rory to play ball. I had their personalities confused because of their names!"Apparently, such prejudices can affect classroom achievement as well. In a study conducted by Herbert Harari of San Diego State University, and John McDavid of Georgia State University, teachers gave consistently lower grades on essays apparently written by boys named Elmer and Hubert than they awarded to the same papers when the writers' names were given as Michael and David. However, teacher prejudice isn't the only source of classroom difference. Dr. Thomas V. Busse and Louisa Seraydarian of Temple University found those girls with names such as Linda, Diane, Barbara, Carol, and Cindy performed better on objectively graded IQ and achievement tests than did girls with less appealing names. (A companion study showed girls' popularity with their peers was also related to the popularity of their names―although the connection was less clear for boys.)Though your parents probably meant your name to last a lifetime, remember that when they picked it they'd hardly met you, and the hopes and dreams they valued when they chose it may not match yours. If your name no longer seems to fit you, don't despair; you aren't stuck with the label. Movie stars regularly change their names, and with some determination, you can, too.Unit 7Lighten Your Load and Save Your LifeIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart.If you don't want to break your own heart, you need to learn to take charge of your life where you can—and recognize there are many things beyond your control.So says Dr. Robert S. Eliot, author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength: How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life. He's a clinical professor of medicine at the University of Nebraska.Eliot says there are people in this world that he calls "hot reactors". For these people, being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure.Eliot says researchers have found that stressed people have higher cholesterol levels, among other things. "We've done years of work in showing that excess alarm or stress chemicals can literally burst heart muscle fibers. When that happens it happens very quickly, within five minutes. It creates many short circuits, and that causes crazy heart rhythms. The heart beats like a bag of worms instead of a pump. And when that happens, we can't live."Eliot, 64, suffered a heart attack at age 44. He attributes some of the cause to stress. For years he was a "hot reactor". On the exterior, he was cool, calm and collected, but on the interior, stress was killing him. He's now doing very well.The main predictors of destructive levels of stress are the FUD factors—fear, uncertainty and doubt—together with perceived lack of control, he says.For many people, the root of their stress is anger, and the trick is to find out where the anger is coming from. "Does the anger come from a feeling that everything must be perfect?" Eliot asks."That's very common in professional women. They feel they have to be all things to all people and do it all perfectly. They think, 'I should, I must, I have to.' Good enough is never good enough. Perfectionists cannot delegate. They get angry that they have to carry it all, and they blow their tops. Then they feel guilty and they start the whole cycle over again.""Others are angry because they have no compass in life. And they give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument," he says. "If you are angry for more than five minutes—if you stir the anger within you and let it build with no safety outlet—you have to find out where it's coming from.""What happens is that the hotter people get, physiologically, with mental stress, the more likely they are to blow apart with some heart problem."One step to calming down is to recognize you have this tendency. Learn to be less hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking.Eliot recommends taking charge of your life. "If there is one word that should be substituted for stress, it's control. Instead of the FUD factors, what you want is the NICE factors—new, interesting, challenging experiences.""You have to decide what parts of your life you can control," he says. "Stop where you are on your trail and say, 'I'm going to get my compass out and find out what I need to do.' "He suggests that people write down the six things in their lives that they feel are the most important things they'd like to achieve. Ben Franklin did it at age 32. "He wrote down things like being a better father, being a better husband, being financially independent, being stimulatedintellectually and remaining even-tempered—he wasn't good at that."Eliot says you can first make a list of 12 things, then cut it down to 6 and set your priorities. "Don't give yourself impossible things, but things that will affect your identity, control and self-worth.""Put them on a note card and take it with you and look at it when you need to. Since we can't create a 26-hour day we have to decide what things we're going to do."Keep in mind that over time these priorities are going to change. "The kids grow up, the dog dies and you change your priorities."From Eliot's viewpoint, the other key to controlling stress is to "realize that there are other troublesome parts of your life over which you can have little or no control—like the economy and politicians".You have to realize that sometimes with things like traffic jams, deadlines and unpleasant bosses, "You can't fight. You can't flee. You have to learn how to flow."Unit 8There's a Lot More to Life than a JobIt has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wasted on the young.Reading a survey report on first-year college students, I recalled the regret, "If only I knew then what I know now."The survey revealed what I had already suspected from informal polls of students both in Macon and at the Robins Resident Center: If it (whatever it may be) won't compute and you can't drink it, smoke it or spend it, then "it" holds little value.According to the survey based on responses from over 188,000 students, today's college beginners are "more consumeristic and less idealistic" than at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the students' major objective "is to be financially well off". Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the humanities is at a low, along with ethnic and women's studies. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That's no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of college instructors during her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree."I'll tell them what they can do with their music, history, literature, etc.," she was fond of saying. And that was four years ago; I tremble to think what she's earning now.Frankly, I'm proud of the young lady (not her attitude but her success). But why can't we have it both ways? Can't we educate people for life as well as for a career? I believe we can.If we cannot, then that is a conviction against our educational system—kindergarten, elementary, secondary and higher. In a time of increasing specialization, more than ever, we need to know what is truly important in life.This is where age and maturity enter. Most people, somewhere between the ages of 30 and 50, finally arrive at the inevitable conclusion that they were meant to do more than serve acorporation, a government agency, or whatever.Most of us finally have the insight that quality of life is not entirely determined by a balance sheet. Sure, everyone wants to be financially comfortable, but we also want to feel we have a perspective on the world beyond the confines of our occupation; we want to be able to render service to our fellow men and to our God.If it is a fact that the meaning of life does not dawn until middle age, is it then not the duty of educational institutions to prepare the way for that revelation? Most people, in their youth, resent the Social Security deductions from their pay, yet a seemingly few short years later find themselves standing anxiously by the mailbox.While it's true all of us need a career, preferably a prosperous one, it is equally true that our civilization has collected an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own. And we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More importantly, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions that went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company, no job. How short-sighted in the long run.But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which depicts a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom: "Miss Baxter," he says, "could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?"In the long run that's what education really ought to be about. I think it can be. My college roommate, now head of a large shipping company in New York, not surprisingly was a business major. But he also hosted a classical music show on the college's FM station and listened to Wagner as he studied his accounting.That's the way it should be. Oscar Wilde had it right when he said we ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.Let's hope our educators answer students' cries for career education, but at the same time let's ensure that students are prepared for the day when they realize their short-sightedness. There's a lot more to life than a job.Unit 1美国人认为没有人能停止不前。
新视野大学英语读写教程(第三版)第二册课文原文及翻译
新视野大学英语第二册读写教程课文翻译Unit 1 Text A An impressive Engli lsesson标题: 一堂难忘的英语课1. 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2. 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3.她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4. 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5. 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6. 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎清理。
7. 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架一一准确的语法和恰当的词汇一一充分地传授给学生。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 1Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor.美国人认为没有人能停止不前。
如果你不求进取，你就会落伍。
这种态度造就了一个投身于研究、实验和探索的民族。
时间是美国人注意节约的两个要素之一，另一要素是劳力。
"We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sands have run out of a person's hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.人们一直说：“只有时间才能支配我们。
”人们似乎把时间当作一个差不多是实实在在的东西来对待。
我们安排时间、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时间、对时间的利用作出解释；我们还要因付出时间而收取费用。
时间是一种宝贵的资源，许多人都深感人生的短暂。
时光一去不复返。
我们应当让每一分钟都过得有意义。
A foreigner's first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don't take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point.外国人对美国的第一印象很可能是：每个人都匆匆忙忙──常常处于压力之下。
城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方，在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务，或者为了赶快买完东西，用肘来推搡他人。
白天吃饭时人们也都匆匆忙忙，这部分地反映出这个国家的生活节奏。
人们认为工作时间是宝贵的。
在公共用餐场所，人们都等着别人尽快吃完，以便他们也能及时用餐，你还会发现司机开车很鲁莽，人们推搡着在你身边过去。
你会怀念微笑、简短的交谈以及与陌生人的随意闲聊。
不要觉得这是针对你个人的，这是因为人们都非常珍惜时间，而且也不喜欢他人“浪费”时间到不恰当的地步。
Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear.许多刚到美国的人会怀念诸如商务拜访等场合开始时的寒暄。
他们也会怀念那种一边喝茶或喝咖啡一边进行的礼节性交流，这也许是他们自己国家的一种习俗。
他们也许还会怀念在饭店或咖啡馆里谈生意时的那种轻松悠闲的交谈。
一般说来，美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的客人的，更不用说会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭，或带他们去打高尔夫球。
既然我们通常是通过工作而不是社交来评估和了解他人，我们就开门见山地谈正事。
因此，时间老是在我们心中滴滴答答地响着。
Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer—especially given our traffic-filled streets. We, therefore, save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.因此，我们千方百计地节约时间。
我们发明了一系列节省劳力的装置；我们通过发传真、打电话或发电子邮件与他人迅速地进行交流，而不是通过直接接触。
虽然面对面接触令人愉快，但却要花更多的时间，尤其是在马路上交通拥挤的时候。
因此，我们把大多数个人拜访安排在下班以后的时间里或周末的社交聚会上。
To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally.就我们而言，电子交流的缺乏人情味与我们手头上事情的重要性之间很少有或完全没有关系。
在有些国家，如果没有目光接触，就做不成大生意，这需要面对面的交谈。
在美国，最后协议通常也需要本人签字。
然而现在人们越来越多地在电视屏幕上见面，开远程会议不仅能解决本国的问题，而且还能通过卫星解决国际问题。
The US is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say "Thank you", to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.美国无疑是一个电话王国。