深部金属矿山岩爆监测、预警和控制

Engineering 3 (2017) 538–545

Research

Efficient Exploitation of Deep Mineral Resources—Review

Monitoring, Warning, and Control of Rockburst in Deep Metal Mines

Xia-Ting Feng a ,b ,*, Jianpo Liu a , Bingrui Chen b , Yaxun Xiao b , Guangliang Feng b , Fengpeng Zhang a

a Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

b

State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China

a r t i c l e i n f o

a b s t r a c t

Article history:

Received 6 July 2017Revised 13 July 2017Accepted 14 July 2017

Available online 16 August 2017This paper reviews the recent achievements made by our team in the mitigation of rockburst risk. It includes the development of neural network modeling on rockburst risk assessment for deep gold mines in South Af-rica, an intelligent microseismicity monitoring system and sensors, an understanding of the rockburst evo-lution process using laboratory and in situ tests and monitoring, the establishment of a quantitative warning method for the location and intensities of different types of rockburst, and the development of measures for the dynamic control of rockburst. The mitigation of rockburst at the Hongtoushan copper mine is presented as an illustrative example.

© 2017 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and

Higher Education Press Limited Company. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND

license (/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Keywords:

Deep metal mining Rockburst Monitoring Warning Mitigation

1. Introduction

Due to an increasing demand for mineral resources in China, numerous metal mines, such as the Hongtoushan copper mine, the Dongguashan copper mine, the Jiapigou gold mine, the Sanshandao gold mine, the Fankou lead-zinc mine, the Linglong gold mine, and so forth, have operated at depths exceeding 1000 m [1]. Deep min-ing inevitably creates an increase in and concentration of ground stress, and the maximum principal stress in the deep stope of some metal mines can exceed 50 MPa [2]. Under these conditions, the incidences of dynamic failures such as rockburst have rapidly in-creased in recent years in metal mines in China.

Factors that induce rockburst include strong blasting distur-bance and high stress concentration caused by overlying mining and tectonic structural planes. For example, the Baiyinnuoer lead-zinc mine, a large lead-zinc polymetallic deposit in North China, has a goaf volume greater than millions of cubic meters. Because of the existence of such huge-volume goafs in this mine, in situ stress is highly concentrated in the rock mass of some mining zones. Under this condition, dynamic disasters such as rock ejection and roof cav-ing appear during tunnel excavation when the underground mining reaches only a depth of 300 m. These seriously affect the normal production safety of the mine, as shown in Fig. 1. The failure pattern in the tunnels clearly indicates that the direction of the maximum principal stress is influenced by goafs. In the Dongguashan copper mine, more than a tenth of the rockbursts that led to casualties oc-curred from 1996 to 1999. In April 2006, a rockburst in the Erdaogou gold mine resulted in injury to many workers and a considerable ore loss, and made mining work much more difficult at the lower levels. In January 2013 in the Linglong gold mine of Shandong Province, two workers were injured by a shock wave induced by a rockburst, and a great deal of electrical equipment was destroyed. According to incomplete statistics, in the period from 2001 to 2007, more than 13 000 accidents occurred in Chinese metal mines that became se-rious threats to the safe production of the mine and that resulted in more than 16 000 workers injured. Moreover, a large amount of valuable resources could not be extracted.

Several strategies have been proposed to reduce the risk of rock-burst; these include the development of a new-generation micro-seismicity monitoring system, increasing current understanding of the rockburst evolution process using laboratory and in situ tests and monitoring, the establishment of a quantitative warning and

* Corresponding author.

E-mail address: xtfeng@, xia.ting.feng@

/10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.013

2095-8099/© 2017 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press Limited Company.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

jo ur n al h om e pag e: w w /locate/eng

Engineering