2012年浙江财经学院871法学综合二考研试题
2012年中国政法大学法学综合二(民法学部分)考研真题及详解(圣才出品)
第二部分名校考研真题详解【3小时高清视频】2012年中国政法大学法学综合二（民法学部分）考研真题及详解[视频讲解]2012年中国政法大学法学综合二（民法学部分）考研真题一、单项选择题（每小题1.5分）1．王甲有一个8岁的儿子王乙。
聪明过人，平时经常帮助王甲买些小商品，从未出现差错。
某日，王甲带着王乙，到商场购买一台电视机。
因商场人多，两人走散。
王乙看到一款正在促销的电视机，款式好看，价格便宜，遂订购了一台。
关于该合同的效力，下列选项中正确的是（）。
A．该合同使王乙纯获经济上的利益，故应认定为有效B．该合同须经王甲追认后才能有效C．王乙不具备相应的民事行为能力，该合同应当无效D．在合同被王甲追认之前，商场可以撤销该合同【答案】C【解析】根据《民法通则》第58条规定，无民事行为能力人实施的行为属于无效民事行为，本案中，王乙时年八岁属于无民事行为能力人，而且其购买彩电的行为不是纯获益的行为，因而该合同行为应当是无效的。
2．孙某有一套仿古家具，价值10万元。
2007年7月2日，赵某见到该套家具，十分喜欢。
孙某谎称该套家具系祖上传下来的。
经协商，双方以80万元的价格成交。
2008年6月2日，赵某委托某鉴定机构对该套家具进行鉴定，才知道原来是仿古家具，市价仅为10万元。
关于本案，以下说法中正确的是（）。
A．孙某的行为构成欺诈，赵某有权在2010年6月2日前撤销合同B．孙某的行为构成欺诈，赵某有权请求法院将家具的价格从80万元减少到10万元C．赵某的行为构成重大误解，赵某有权在2009年6月1日前解除合同D．赵某的行为构成重大误解，赵某可以要求法院撤销合同，但不得请求法院变更合同【答案】B【解析】孙某谎称该家具是祖传家具，从而使赵某愿意出80万的高价购买该家具，孙某的行为构成欺诈。
所谓重大误解，依《民通意见》第71条规定，“行为人因对行为的性质、对方当事人、标的物的品种、质量、规格和数量等的错误认识，使行为的后果与自己的意思相悖，并造成较大损失的，可以认定为重大误解”。
【浙江财经学院2012年考研专业课真题】伦理学原理2012
2012年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 科目代码：901 科目名称：伦理学原理答案请写答题纸上一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1. 道德2. 社会公德3. 道德信念4. 个人主义二、简答题（每题15分，共60分）1．简论良心在道德行为过程中的作用。
2．简述你对伦理学基本问题的理解与看法。
3．简述你对道德义务的理解与看法。
4．试比较道德评价中的动机论与效果论。
三、论述题（第1,2题每题20分，第3题30分）1．试论在发展文化产业的进程中应如何对待中国传统伦理文化。
2．论道德修养。
3．材料分析题2011年10月13日，在广东佛山的一个五金城，两岁的女孩小悦悦被一辆面包车撞倒、辗压；接下来的几分钟，还有呼吸的小悦悦孤零零地躺在路边，期间，18个路人先后经过，但大多当没看见；躺在路边的小悦悦惨烈地又被另一辆货车辗轧；这令人心寒的一幕，直到拾荒阿姨陈贤妹经过，将小悦悦搬离街心，在高喊中惊动了小悦悦的妈妈，才得以终止。
10月21零时32分，小悦悦经医院全力抢救无效离世。
佛山小悦悦事件震惊了全中国，值得人们深入反思。
从伦理的角度看，这一事件深刻地反映了当代中国道德问题的严重性，同时，我们也能在这一事件的反思中，得到当代中国道德建设的许多启示。
请从伦理的角度谈谈你对佛山小悦悦事件的思考，主要从以下几个方面展开：1.你认为在这一事件中，哪些人应当为此事承担相应的道德责任？为什么？2.你认为导致这一令人难以接受事件的原因有哪些？3.这一事件反映了当代中国怎样的道德现状？4. 如果你是一个参与决策的伦理学者，你认为解决这类问题的应该从哪些方面入手？第 1 页共 1 页。
浙江财经大学 2012 级法学专业学分制培养方案
附表一
教学结构及学分分配总表
制表日期：2012年07月
专业：法学
专业代码： 0610
基本学制：4
课程层次 教学形式 课程类别
教学内容
学分 小计 合计
课程环节
公共必修
思想政治理论课、英语、数学、计算机、体育、语文、军事理论、 心理健康
41
公共教学
平台
公共选修
公共素质板块课程
11
军训
1
实践环节 公共必修
22 440410030 *民法总论
3.0 51 51 0 0 0 3.0-0.0 01-17 2 法学
23 300020240 数据库应用基础
4.0 85 51 34 0 0 3.0-2.0 01-17 2 信息
学 科
24 440780050 *经济法学
学 科
25 480200030 *经济学原理
本专业毕业生应具备以下几方面的知识、能力和素质：热爱社会主义祖国，坚持四项基 本原则，具有良好的道德修养，尤其是忠诚法律、维护正义的职业道德修养；具有较强的创 新意识和创业精神，有高度责任感、事业心；以马克思主义理论为指导，掌握毛泽东思想、 邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观；掌握法学各学科的基本理论、基本知识； 掌握基本经济理论，熟悉国家法律规定的相关方针、政策；了解法学的理论前沿、发展动态 和法制建设的基本趋势；掌握法学的分析方法和技术；掌握文献检索、资料查询的基本方法， 具备一定的法学研究和综合分析、解决实际问题的能力；较熟练地掌握一门外国语、计算机 应用技术；具有良好的身体素质和心理素质，具有较强是社会适应能力。
公共素质板块课程
小计
1.0 2周 0 0 0 0 11 187 54 940 593 30 0 98
浙江财经大学871法学综合二(经济法、民法)网授精讲班
江西省南昌市2015-2016学年度第一学期期末试卷（江西师大附中使用）高三理科数学分析一、整体解读试卷紧扣教材和考试说明，从考生熟悉的基础知识入手，多角度、多层次地考查了学生的数学理性思维能力及对数学本质的理解能力，立足基础，先易后难，难易适中，强调应用，不偏不怪，达到了“考基础、考能力、考素质”的目标。
试卷所涉及的知识内容都在考试大纲的范围内，几乎覆盖了高中所学知识的全部重要内容，体现了“重点知识重点考查”的原则。
1．回归教材，注重基础试卷遵循了考查基础知识为主体的原则，尤其是考试说明中的大部分知识点均有涉及，其中应用题与抗战胜利70周年为背景，把爱国主义教育渗透到试题当中，使学生感受到了数学的育才价值，所有这些题目的设计都回归教材和中学教学实际，操作性强。
2．适当设置题目难度与区分度选择题第12题和填空题第16题以及解答题的第21题，都是综合性问题，难度较大，学生不仅要有较强的分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及扎实深厚的数学基本功，而且还要掌握必须的数学思想与方法，否则在有限的时间内，很难完成。
3．布局合理，考查全面，着重数学方法和数学思想的考察在选择题，填空题，解答题和三选一问题中，试卷均对高中数学中的重点内容进行了反复考查。
包括函数，三角函数，数列、立体几何、概率统计、解析几何、导数等几大版块问题。
这些问题都是以知识为载体，立意于能力，让数学思想方法和数学思维方式贯穿于整个试题的解答过程之中。
二、亮点试题分析1．【试卷原题】11.已知,,A B C 是单位圆上互不相同的三点，且满足AB AC →→=，则AB AC →→⋅的最小值为（ ）A ．14-B ．12-C ．34-D ．1-【考查方向】本题主要考查了平面向量的线性运算及向量的数量积等知识，是向量与三角的典型综合题。
解法较多，属于较难题，得分率较低。
【易错点】1．不能正确用OA ，OB ，OC 表示其它向量。
2．找不出OB 与OA 的夹角和OB 与OC 的夹角的倍数关系。
2012年浙江财经大学252二外法语考研真题考研试题硕士研究生入学考试试题
2012年浙江财经大学252二外法语考研真题考研试题硕士研究生入学考试试题2012年浙江财经大学252二外法语考研真题考研试题硕士研究生入学考试试题2012年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：252 科目名称：二外法语答案请写答题纸上I.Structure grammaticale et vocabulaire (20 points)Complétez les phrases suivantes en choisissant A,B,C,D. Choisissez la meilleure réponse parmi ces quatre propositions.1.Elle a dit que Paul __________ en vacances le lendemain.A) partira B) partC) partirait D) partait2. C'est en juillet________Marie partira en vacances.A) oùB) quandC) queD) pour que3. Je n’irai pas à la campagne ce dimanche.Moi______.第 2 页共 26 页A) non pas B) aussiC) non plus D) non aussi4. En général, il pleut souvent ______ été àHangzhou.A) àB) auC) en le D) en5. Notre ami nous a réservédes chambres dans ________ h?tel.A) ce B) cetteC) ces D) cet6. Elle était_____________ fatiguée qu’elle s’est couchée très t?t.A) trop B) tellement C) tellement de D) beaucoup7. Avant __________ en voyage, vous devez renseigner auprès d’une agence de voyages. A) de partir B) partir C) avoir parti D) partirant第 3 页共 26 页8. ________ pas peur ! ________ courageux.A) N’as...Es B) N’es..as C) N’ayez...Soyez D) Ne soyez...Ayez9. Il trouve ces romans_________.A) d’excellents B) sont excell entsC) excellents D) excellent10. Vous êtes vraiment très courageux !Oui, je(j’)____ suis.A) en B) leC) / D) y11. Sa voiture est tombée en panne. Prêtez-lui________.A) le sien B) la tienneC) le v?tre D) la v?tre12. Quand je lui ai téléphoné hier, il m’a dit第 4 页共 26 页qu’il était occupé_____.A) en ce moment B) àce moment-làC) veille D) hier13. Ce sont des plantes médicinales, _________on a parfois besoin.A) des quellesB) dontC) de celaD) d'où14. Jeudi dernier, Fanny m'a dit qu'elle_______un vélo la veille.A) achèteraB) achèteraitC) a achetéD) avait acheté15. ________je voudrais obtenir commecadeau du Nouvel An, c'est un dictionnaire Larousse.A) Cela第 5 页共 26 页B) CeciC) Ce quiD) Ce que16. Tu veux que je te_____la vérité?A) disB) diseC) diraisD) dirai17. Chez nous, nous mangeons trois fois______jour.A) chaque B) unC) par D) tout18. J'aime beaucoup le chocolat chaud,chaque jour, __________prends toujoursune ou deux tasses.A) je leB) je luiC) j'enD) j'y19. Le vieux monsieur marche_________第 6 页共 26 页sur un baton.A) s’appuyant B) en s’appuyantC) appuyéD)s’appuyé20. Y a-t-il _________ que je puisse faire pour t’aider ?A) aucun B) personne C) quelque chose D) quelqu’un/doc/ae13718076.html,préhensionécrite (40 points)Lisez les textes suivants et répondez aux questions. Pour chaque question, on vous propose quatre réponses : A,B,C,D . Choisissez la meilleure réponse parmi ces quatre propositions.Document 1Le temps est venu de lire en 3D第 7 页共 26 页-Quelles sont les caractéristiques du livre électronique?-Le livre électronique ressemble àun livre de six cents pages, sinon qu'il peut contenir quinze mille pages. Il pèse neuf cents grammes. Son écran couleur fait vi ngt-cinq centimètres de long et dix de large. Il contient un modem et une connexion Internet. Sa lisibilitéest extraordinaire car l'écran n'a rien àvoir avec ceux des ordinateurs. De plus, chacun peut choisir la taille des caractères selon le confort de le cture qu'il recherche.-Peut-il remplacer un jour le livre papier?-Il complète. Le livre électronique est idéal pour lire autrement, ailleurs, pour avoir un cartable plus léger, pour emporter plein de livres en vacances dans une petite valise, pour recevoir son journal ou son courrier第 8 页共 26 页électronique confortablement et sans payer le prix d'un ordinateur portable.-Est-ce la fin des éditeurs, des bibliothèques et des imprimeurs?-Non. Le livre électronique est un complément des livres classiques, il permettra d'en lire davantage, en achetant seulement le droit à un livre pendant quinze jours ou un mois. Les éditeurs auront toute leur place dans ce futur dispositif.Questions :1.Ce document présente____________.A)l'opinion d'une personne interrogée dans la rueB)l'avis d'un vendeur de matériel électriqueC) les arguments de vente d'un responsable marketingD) l'analyse d'un partisan (拥护者) du livre第 9 页共 26 页électronique/doc/ae13718076.html, personne interrogée______________.A) souhaite que le livre électronique soit plus légerB) vante la lisibilité du livre électroniqueC) prétend que les dimensions du livre électronique doivent être encore réduitesD) pense que le prix d'un ordinateur portable sera le même que celui du livre électronique3.Lequel des énoncés suivants ne dit pas la caractéristique du livre électronique?A) Il peut être emportéen vacances parce qu'il présente un poids très léger.B) Il va être bien acceptéparce qu'il peut être utilisé gratuitement.C) Malgrésa petite taille, il peut contenir plusieurs livres.D) Malgréle prix réduit, il permet quandmême la réception des e-mails et des第 10 页共 26 页imformations.4.Les réponses de la personnes interrogée sont pour______________.A) troubler les utilisateurs d'InternetB) inciter les gens àacheter des livres classiquesC) rassurer les éditeursD) inquiéter les libraires5.Le livre électronique, àl'avenir, ___________.A) co?tera aussi cher qu'un ordinateur portableB) pourra faire l'objet d'un prêt gratuitC) nécessitera un apprentissage différent de la lectureD) coexistera avec le livre papier Document 2Une rencontre chez MichelMichel : Entrez Jacky ! Voilàmon ami Pierre.第 11 页共 26 页Jacky : B onsoir, je suis contente de vous voir. Pierre : Prenez place, s’il vous pla?t.Michel : Jacky est une amie de Cécile, elle est Anglaise. Maintenant elle enseigne àParis. Elle est professeur d’anglais. Pierre : Ah, elle est professeur d’anglais ? Michel : Oui, c’est même un professeur brillant.Jacky : M erci, mais...Michel : Si, si, c’est tout à fait vrai.Jacky : A lors, je ne dis rien.Pierre : Vous habitez près d’ici ?Jacky : O ui, j’ai une maison d’été, pas très loin de chez Michel.Michel : Elle habite chez les Dupré, ils sont en vacances.Pierre : Ah bon, les Dupréne sont pas en Bretagne cet été ?Michel : Non, ils viennent de partir pour l’Italie.第 12 页共 26 页Jacky : C’est ?a, ils me demandent d’hab iter chez eux pour leur jardin et de donner àmanger àleur chat ! J’accepte, mais jene suis pas là pour longte mps.Questions :1.Qui est Jacky ?A)C’est une ami de Pierre.B)C’est un professeur de fran?ais.C)C’est une fille anglaise.D)C’est un mauvais professeu r.2.Pourquoi Jacky ne dit rien ?A)Parce qu’elle n’est pas d’accord avec Michel.B)P arce qu’elle n’aime pas parler avec Michel.C)Parce qu’elle n’est pas contente que Michel dit ?a.D)Parce qu’elle accepte le compliment de Michel.第 13 页共 26 页3.Où habite Jacky ?A)Elle habite chez la famille Dupré.B)E lle habite chez Michel.C)Elle habite chez Cécile, près de chez Michel.D)Elle habite en Bretagne.4.Où les Dupré partent-ils en vacances ?A)à ParisB)e n BretagneC)en ItalieD)en Angleterre5.Quelle n’est pas la raison pour laquelle les Duprédemande à Jacky d’habiter chez eux ?A)Parce que les propr iétaires sont partis en vacances.B)P arce que les propriétaires ont besoin de quelqu’un qui s’occupe le jardin.C)Parce que les propriétaires ont besoin de第 14 页共 26 页quelqu’un qui s’occupe de leur chat.D)Parce que les propriétaires ont besoin de quelqu’un qui fait le ménage.Document 3Qu’est-ce que c’est le bonheur ?Beaucoup de choses et d’activités me plaisent, par exemple discuter au téléphone, regarder la télévision, et naturellement, manger du chocolat. Pourtant, je crois que ce qu’on dit est vra i: le plaisir n’est pas le bonheur. Le plaisir touche le corps ou l’esprit, mais le bonheur touche l’ame.Dans mon pays, le Zimbabwe, tout devient de plus en plus cher. Souvent, je rêve d’être si riche que je pourrais acheter tout ce que je veux, même un avion! Ainsi, je serais heureuse. Mais est-ce que c’est vrai? Plusieurs millionnaires ont déclaréque, malgréleur richesse, ils étaient toujours第 15 页共 26 页insatisfaits.Quand j’étais plus jeune, je souhaitais la même chose que la plupart des filles: Je voulais devenir vedette ou chanteuse. Mais j’ai entendu dire qu’un grand nombre de vedettes étaient vraiment misérables! On dit qu’il est difficile de trouver le bonheur. Moi, j’ai décidé que si l’on peut partager sa joie avec d’autres, si l’on peut expliquer tous ses problèmes aux autres,aux membres de sa famille et à ses amies, on peut être vraiment content de vivre. Voilà le bonheur pour moi.Questions:1.Quel n’est pas un plaisir pour la petite ?A)Discuter au téléphone.B)R egarder la télévision.C)Boire du Coca.D)Manger du chocolat2.Au Zimbabwe, que se passe-t-il ?第 16 页共 26 页A)La vie devient de plus en plus difficile.B)L es gens deviennent de plus en plus riches.C)Tout devient de moins en moins cher.D)La vie devient de plus en plus facile.3.¨Plusieurs millionnaires ont déclaréque, malgréleur richesse, ils étaient toujours insatisfaits¨, cette phrase veut dire:A)Les millionnaires ne sont pas assez riches.B)L’argent n’apporte pas de bonheur.C)Les millionnaires sont les gens les plus insatisfaits du monde.D)Les millionnaires sont les gens qui donnent le moins mais qui demandent le plus.4.Finalement, qu’est-ce qu’elle veut faire dans la vie ?A)Devenir millionnaire.第 17 页共 26 页B)D evenir star.C)Devenir chanteuse.D)être heureuse.5.Dans ce texte, quelle est la comparaison qui résume le mieux le texte ?A)être riche et être pauvreB)être vedette et être quelqu’un de normalC)le plaisir et le bonheurD)l’esprit et l’ameDocument 4La France et l'écologieOn dit que, dans le monde, la pollution tue plus de personnes que les accidents de voiture. La France n'est pas un des pays les plus peuplés ou les plus pollués d'Europe, il n'y a en effet que 107 habitants/km 2 en France contre 176 en Suisse et 322 en Belgique. Mais on estime qu'en France, environ 17000 personnes meurent chaque第 18 页共 26 页année victimes de la pollution automobile, et que 15% à20% des Fran?ais ont des maladies respiratoires qui sont liées àla pollution de l'air. Et ce sont les automobiles qui sont responsables de la moitiéde l a pollution de l'air.On a constatéqu'une fois sur deux, les gens prennent leur voiture pour un trajet de moins de trois kilomètres. Quand une voiture démarre, le moteur est froid, et c'est àce moment qu'une voiture pollue le plus. Pour ces trajets très courts, le vélo ou la marche àpied pourraient bien remplacer la voiture: moins de gens seraient malades, et il y aurait moins de pollution. En septembre 1998, pour apprendre aux gens àlaisser la voiture au garage, 35 villes fran?aises ont lancé《la journée sa ns voiture》.Il y a maintenant plus de 1000 villes de plus de 30 pays qui participent àla journée sans voiture, le 22第 19 页共 26 页。
2012年浙江财经大学金融硕士(MF)金融学综合真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年浙江财经大学金融硕士（MF）金融学综合真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 名词解释 3. 计算题 4. 简答题 5. 论述题单项选择题1．在必要时迅速转变为现金而不致遭受损失的能力是指金融工具的( )。
A．安全性B．流动性C．收益性D．风险性正确答案：B解析：流动性的定义是金融工具转变为现金的难易程度和所花费的成本。
2．大额可转让定期存单的发行使商业银行引入了哪种经营策略?( )。
A．负债管理B．资产管理C．全方位满意服务管理D．资产负债综合管理正确答案：C解析：大额可转让存单，本身是商业银行的存贷款业务。
可以转让之后，等于说提高了存单的流动性，方便了储蓄者。
因此是全方位满意服务管理。
3．由地方政府和地方政府机构所发行的债券是：( )。
A．地方债B．国债C．金融债D．企业债正确答案：A解析：根据定义，由地方政府和地方政府机构所发行的债券是地方债。
4．我国同业拆借市场利率的英文简称是：( )。
A．HIBORB．LIBORC．CHIBORD．SHIBOR解析：①HIBOR(Hongkong InterBank Offered Rate)，是香港银行同行业拆借利率。
②伦敦同业拆借利率(UBOR)，LIBOR是英文London InterBank Offered Rate 的缩写，即伦敦银行同业拆放利率。
③即中国银行间同业拆借利率(China．Interbank Offered Rate)，1996年中央银行推出，以各银行同业拆借实际交易利率的加权平均值来确定。
④Shibor全称是“上海银行间同业拆放利率”(Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate，SHIBOR)，被称为中国的LIBOR(London Interbank Offered Rate，伦敦同业拆放利率)。
5．中国发挥“最后贷款人”职责的银行是：( )。
A．中国工商银行B．中国银行C．中国人民银行D．中国开发银行正确答案：C解析：中国人民银行是中国的央行，拥有“银行的银行”之称，发挥着“最后贷款人”的职责。
浙江财经大学《871法学综合二》考研专业课真题试卷
二、简答题（共 8 小题，每小题 6 分，共 48 分） 1、民法基本原则的功能 2、我国反垄断法上经营者集中的情形及其危害 3、宏观调控法及其原则 4、增值税的概念及其征收范围 5、简述担保物权的概念及特征 6、简述国家经济管理机关经济职权的内容 7、简述经营者资格的内容构成 8、简述经济法的制定与经济立法
海天课堂
中国考研专业课辅导知名品牌
浙江财经大学考研专业课真题试卷
871 法学综合二
2012 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2013 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2014 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2015 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2016 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2017 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2018 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2019 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷 2020 年《871 法学综合二》专业课真题试卷
问：（1）李某的经济损失应该由谁赔偿？为什么？（5 分） （2）此案适用何种归责原则？为什么？（5 分）
3、某股份有限责任公司 2010 年度发生部分业务如下：
(1)公司购买国库券利息收入 10 万元；（２分）
(2)公司超标准列支招待费 30 万元；（1 分）
(3)公司将以前年度已作坏账损失处理的 10 万元应收账款收回；（２ 分）
(4)公司收到国家财政性补贴收入 5 万元，已列入收入总额，能提供财 政部的文件； （２分）
(5)公司技术性转让净收入 100 万元，计入其他业务收入；（２分）
(6)公司缴纳违反《环保法》的罚款 5 万元，违反经济合同的违约金 6 万元，缴纳税收滞纳金 8 万元。10 月份税务机关查处发现 2009 年有偷税行 为，被处 11 万元罚款。（4 分）
【浙江财经学院2012年考研专业课真题】综合英语2012
2012年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 科目代码：681 科目名称：综合英语答案请写答题纸上Part I READING COMPREHENSION (50 MIN, 50 points)In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of 25 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and finish the multiple choices. Text APeople do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing.There are six stages in analyzing a problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decides that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.第 1 页共 17 页Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.1.What is the best title for this passage?A.Six Stages for Repairing Sam's Bicycle.B.Possible Ways to Problem-solving.C.Necessities of Problem Analysis.D.Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem.2.In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except_________.A.recognize and define the problemB.look for information to make the problem clearerC.have suggestions for a possible solutionD.find a solution by trial or mistake3. By referring to Sam' s broken bicycle, the author intends to_________.A.illustrate the ways to repair his bicycleB.discuss the problems of his bicycleC.tell us how to solve a problemD.show us how to analyze a problem4.Which of the following is NOT true?A.People do not analyze the problem they meet.B.People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.C.People may learn from their past experience.D.People can not solve some problems they meet.5.As used in the last sentence, the phrase "in short" means________.A.in the long runB.in detailC.in a wordD.in the endText BFast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC.第 2 页共 17 页"It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets."Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996, according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997."Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue…but their tastes are increasingly diverse--whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population--and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children--has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next l 0 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors..., but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing."Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.6.What does the passage mainly tell about?A.Fast food disappoints consumers.B.People prefer less expensive food.C.McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.D.Fast food is losing its attraction.7. What can we learn from the passage?A.O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.B.The number of supermarkets doubles.C.Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fastfood.D. McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.8.What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?第 3 页共 17 页A.They seek a variety of food.B.They have come of age.C.They will spend more money on food.D.They tend to have luxurious food.9.Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choicesof food?A.Speed and price of the food.B.Diversity of the food.C.Tastes of the consumers.D.Age of the consumers.10. What brings trouble to fast food industry?A.Customers' demand and competition with retailers.B.The aging baby-boomer and diversity of food.C. Competition with retailers and diversity of food.D. Customers' demand and the aging of baby-boomer.Text CIt was going to have roughly the effect of a neutron bomb attack on high streets and shop ping malls. The buildings would be left standing but the people would vanish. Such was the superior efficiency of selling things via the Internet that brick-and-mortar stores would be unable to compete on price, choice or even service. Book and music sellers had already been "Amazoned". Soon web-based "category-killers", in everything from toys to pet supplies, would overwhelm their physical-world competitors. Shoppers would never be more than a mouse-click from the best deals. Traditional retailers, terrified of cannibalizing (同类相食) sales and destroying the value of their expensive properties, were already too late to meet the challenge. "In some categories," said Mary Meeker, a seer of the Internet at Morgan Stanley, "it's already game over."These are convenient beliefs for anyone justifying some e-commerce share prices, but they are already mostly wrong. The reasons should surprise no one. The Internet is not a dominant technology but rather a network of people. It is a rich and highly flexible means of communicating that is rapidly achieving pervasiveness because more and more people find it easy and convenient to use. But it is those people's preferences that will count; and for most people, shopping is more than just a means to an end. Even if the Internet provided a perfectly efficient way to shop it would not provide a satisfactory alternative to the physical enjoyment of sniffing a ripe melon, say, or trying on a cashmere sweater.Of course, some products, such as music and banking, can be distributed第 4 页共 17 页electronically with success and cost saving. But most purchases cannot be reduced to digital code. And distributing physical goods is cumbersome and expensive. Behind even the most exciting user interface there are old-fashioned warehouses and lorries, customers who decline to sit at home waiting for purchases to arrive, and goods that must be re-wrapped and expensively returned. No wonder that the cost of getting goods to customers' homes so often soaks up the notional price advantages of e-commerce.What Internet shoppers have quickly realized is that the web is an addition to, and not a substitute for, their shopping habits. It is wonderful for gathering up-to-date information about products and prices. Cyber Dialogue, a research firm, estimates that in 1998 23m Americans sought information online, but then made their purchases offline, compared with only 17.7m who did the whole thing online.11.The author compares ______ of the online sale to the effect of neutron bombattack.A.the efficiencyB.the choiceC.the priceD.the service12.According to Mary Meeker, ______.A.traditional retailers can't compete with online ones on price, choice orserviceB.the battle between traditional retailers and online retailers is overC.online retailers have prevailed over traditional ones in the market ofcertain productsD.online retailers have destroyed the value of traditional retailers'properties13.According to the passage, shopping for most people ______.A.is a flexible means of communicatingB.is not just a means to gaining an endC.does not provide an alternative to physical enjoymentD.provides a perfectly easy and efficient way of living14. The cost of goods delivery brings about the result that ______.A.distributing goods becomes troublesome and expensiveB.the notional price advantages of e-commerce are eliminatedC.old-fashioned warehouses and lorries have to be still in useD.goods must be wrapped again and expensively returned15.According to Cyber Dialogue, ______.A.online shopping will not replace the traditional shopping habits第 5 页共 17 页B.customers seek information via the Internet more often than via anyother meansC.Internet users prefer to seek information online without making realpurchasesD.fewer and fewer people purchase what they want via the InternetText DLondon's Heathrow Airport is notorious for queues and delays. Why is this happening and what can you do to avoid the frustration?In the film Catch Me If You Can, Leonardo DiCaprio plays a dashing young con artist who fools an airline into believing he is one of their captains. He strolls through a sleek and futuristic air terminal flanked by a gaggle of stewardesses, his progress serene. The message is clear: Air travel is glamorous, sexy and a total breeze.Cut to Heathrow, 2007, and what is still the world's largest airport (by passenger numbers) is stretched to breaking point, beset by delays and hampered by a creaking infrastructure. Ken Livingstone, London's garrulous Mayor, says the airport is "shaming London". How did it come to this?In a sense, Heathrow's key role in the development of Britain's (and the world's) aviation industry has been its undoing. First opened to commercial flights in 1946, Heathrow has always been there first; consequently, it has inherited a legacy of aging terminal buildings. Then September 11 happened, and security protocols went through the roof. The 2005 London bombings didn't help matters.The queues to clear Heathrow's security can take hours to clear, especially when not all the x-ray machines are open. At the other end of the process, passengers have faced seemingly never-ending waits for luggage. A recent Association of European Airlines report showed that between April and June this year the luggage system at Heathrow broke down 11 times.The British government, spurred on by angry airlines, passenger groups and an increasingly vocal media, has announced an enquiry into how the airport is run. Heathrow, like seven other major airports in the UK, is run by the British Airports Authority (BAA), who has been accused of putting the profits from the vast shopping malls in each terminal before investment in security and staff. Ryanair, British Airways and the head of the International Air Transport Association have all criticized the running of the airport, blaming under-investment.A spokesman for Heathrow notes that all may not be lost quite yet. Ninety-seven per cent of passengers get through security after less than 10 minutes of queuing. The baggage rules for using UK airports have been the第 6 页共 17 页same for a while now, so travelers should be getting used to the plastic bags and one item of hand-luggage rule. And BAA is recommending that people don't turn up earlier than they should--three hours for long-haul, two for short haul and 90 minutes for domestic should be fine. Heathrow has also employed 500 new security staff and opened nine new security lanes this year.And then there's Terminal Five, the gleaming, light-filled Richard Rodgers creation, complete with a landscaped civic space, due to open in March 2008. It will be British Airways' new home and should take the pressure off the rest of the airport. Far more suitable for a Leonardo-style sashay.16.Leonardo's performance conveys the idea that air travel is ________A.dangerous.B.enchanting.C.frustrating.D.time-consuming.17.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Heathrow Airport has the largest surface area in the world.B.Heathrow Airport is about to collapse as a result of huge passengernumbers.C.The significant position of the airport in history has become the maincause for its present situation.D.The airport is determined to renovate its old terminal buildings.18. It can take hours to pass the airport security, especially whenA.all the X-rays machines are shut down.B.luggage checked over and over again.C.the luggage system breaks down.D.only some of the X-ray machines arc open.19.Who's to blame for the under-investment in British airports?A.British Airports Authority.B.Association of European Airlines.C.Heathrow Airport.D.International Air Transport Association.20.According to BAA, when should domestic passengers arrive at the airport?A. 1 hour before boarding.B. 1.5 hours before boarding.C. 2 hours before boarding.D. 3 hours before boarding.Text E第 7 页共 17 页Every minute of every day, what ecologist James Carlton calls a global "conveyor belt" redistributes ocean organisms. It's planet wide biological disruption that scientists have barely begun to understand.Dr Carlton -- an oceanographer at Williams College in Williamstown, Mass. -- explains that, at any given moment, "there are several thousand (marine) species (traveling)... in the ballast water of ships." These creatures move from coastal waters where they fit into the local web of life to places where some of them could tear that web apart. This is the larger dimension of the infamous invasion of fish-destroying, pipe- clogging zebra mussels.Such voracious invaders at least make their presence known. What concerns Carlton and his fellow marine ecologists is the lack of knowledge about the hundreds of alien invaders that quietly enter coastal waters around the world every day. Many of them probably just die out. Some benignly -- or even beneficially -- join the local scene. But some will make trouble.In one sense, this is an old story. Organisms have ridden ships for centuries. They have clung to hulls and come along with cargo. What's new is the scale and speed of the migrations made possible by the massive volume of ship-ballast water -- taken in to provide ship stability -- continuously moving around the world...Ships load up with ballast water and its inhabitants in coastal waters of one port and dump the ballast in another port that may be thousands of kilometers away. A single load can run to hundreds of gallons. Some larger ships take on as much as 40 million gallons. The creatures that come along tend to be in their larva free-floating stage. When discharged in alien waters they can mature into crabs, jellyfish, slugs, and many other forms.Since the problem involves coastal species, simply banning ballast dumps in coastal waters would, in theory, solve it. Coastal organisms in ballast water that is flushed into midocean would not survive. Such a ban has worked for North American Inland Waterway. But it would be hard to enforce it worldwide. Heating ballast water or straining it should also halt the species spread. But before any such worldwide regulations were imposed, scientists would need a clearer view of what is going on.The continuous shuffling of marine organisms has changed the biology of the sea on a global scale. It can have devastating effects as in the case of the American comb jellyfish that recently invaded the Black Se[A]. It has destroyed that sea's anchovy fishery by eating anchovy eggs. It may soon spread to western and northern European waters.The maritime nations that created the biological "conveyor belt" should support a coordinated international effort to find out what is going on and what should be done about it.第 8 页共 17 页21.According to Dr. Carlton, ocean organisms are_________.A.being moved to new environmentsB.destroying the planetC.succumbing to the zebra musselD.developing alien characteristics22. Oceanographers are concerned because________.A.their knowledge of this phenomenon is limitedB.they believe the oceans are dyingC.they fear an invasion from outer spaceD.they have identified thousands of alien webs23.According to marine ecologists, transplanted marine species_________.A.may upset the ecosystems of coastal watersB.are all compatible with one anotherC.can only survive in their home watersD.sometimes disrupt shipping lanes24. The identified cause of the problem is___________.A.the rapidity with which larvae matureB. a common practice of the shipping industryC. a century-old speciesD. the worldwide movement of ocean currents25.The article suggests that a solution to the problem________.A.is unlikely to be identifiedB. must precede further researchC.is hypothetically easyD.will limit global shippingPart II GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN，20 Points) There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1.Which of the following is the world's smallest continent?.B.Australia.C. Europe.D.Africa.2.Ronald Reagan used to be a ______.A.basketball playerB.sports radio announcerC.conservative political columnistD. sports writer第 9 页共 17 页3.What is the generation with a sudden, large increase in birthrate called in theUnited States after World War Ⅱ from 1947 to 1961?A.Baby Boomer.B. Last Generation.C.Yuppies.D. Dinks.4. The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed to thank ______.A.GodB.their ancestorsC.their parentsD.the Pilgrims5. Nathaniel Hawthorne was most famous for ______.A.Annabel LeeB.The Scarlet LetterC.The RavenD.Moby Dick6.Who was the "father of English poetry"?A.Francis Bacon.B. John Milton.C.Robert Burns.D.Geoffrey Chaucer.7.Bunyan's most important work is ______, written in the old-fashioned,medieval form of allegory and dream.A.The FootprintB.On His BlindnessC.Vanity FairD.The Pilgrim's Progress8. ______ can be simply defined as the study of meaning.A.SyntaxB.SemanticsC.PragmaticsD.Linguistics9.Which of the following is NOT one of the major branches of linguistics?A.Phonetics.B.Syntax.C.Synchronic.D. Semantics.10.Which of the following words has most morphemes?A.undertake.B.undesirablity.C.pickpocket.第 10 页共 17 页D.announcement.PART III PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION(20 MIN, 20 points)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage, correct them and write your answer on the answer sheet in the following way:EXAMPLEWhen art museum wants a new exhibit, it 1. When an artmuseum … never buys things in finished form and hangs 2. …it never buysthings in…them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. 3. …wants an exhibit,it …A newly published 2010 report on Chinese people’sphysical health sent a warning: if you don’t move you willget old faster. The report called everyone’s attention to thefact that the nation is premature aged. The physiological 1.ages of people aged from 35 to 50 are 10 years ahead oftheir chronological ages, 54 percent of people aged 45 toyoung. 2.themselvesconsidered54In urban areas the vast majority of people now workin sedentary occupations and works under more pressure. 3. Meanwhile the fast change from famine to feast has also beendangerous to our health. China, a nation once considered tohave one of the fattest populations, now has an obesity 4.epidemic due to changes to the traditional diet, high levels 5.of physical activity and sedentary lifestyles.The number of obese people has risen from 18 million in2005 to 100 million last year. They’re prime candidates fordiabetes and heart disease. Perhaps even more worried 6.is that the physical constitution of people aged from 25 to29 was found to be deteriorating the fastest.We also have the world’s largest army of couch potatoes.It is said that more than half of Chinese citizens above the age of第 11 页共 17 页16 did manage to participate in any form of sporting activity 7.last year.While China’s obesity rate is still less than that in the US,Britain and Australia, it has led to a worrying rise in chronicly 8.non-communicable diseases such as cancer, strokes, heart diseaseand diabetes.Experts are predicting that the number of overweight andobese people in China could double in the next two decades,posing a serious threats to China’s health system and putting a 9.brake on the country’s economic growth.The government has yet to take serious action to address theproblem and many people still lack the aware to recognize 10.obesity as a problem. The country needs a comprehensiveinitiative to let the whole nation move so it has healthier citizens.PART IV CLOZE (20 MIN, 20 points)The passage contains TWENTY blanks. Read the whole passage and fill in the missing word for each blank. Then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.The Constitution makes clear that a child born in the United States is a citizen of the United States. But it is silent on the subject of children born to Americans outside the country. This month, the Supreme Court heard arguments about a tiny subset of this group—children born to an American____1____ not only out of the country but also ____2____ of wedlock—and the conditions under which they may become ____3____.The problem ____4____ the court is that existing law blatantly discriminates against men, making it substantially more difficult for____5____ fathers to pass along their citizenship to children born abroad than it is for unmarried mothers to do ____6____. But there’s no reason—other than outdated gender stereotypes—for an American mother to____7____ stronger rights than an American father. The court should strike ____8____ this unfair law.Ruben Flores-Villar, born out of wedlock in Mexico but ____9____ in San Diego by his American father, faced deportation after ____10____ the United States illegally. He insisted that he couldn’t be deported because he was a U.S. citizen. But federal law at the time of his birth granted citizenship to foreign-born, out-of-wedlock children of male U.S. citizens ____11____ if the father had resided ____12____ the United States for 10 years before the child’s birth, including five years after the father’s 14th birthday—a requirement Flores-Villars’ father failed to ____13____.By contrast, a female U.S. citizen hoping to pass along citizenship to an第 12 页共 17 页out-of-wedlock child born abroad needed only to have lived in the United States continuously for one year any time before the child’s ____14____. This disparity is a relic of a time when it was assumed that mothers always had a closer connection than fathers ____15____ their children.The Obama administration argued to the Supreme Court in ____16____ of preferential treatment for unwed mothers, saying it serves the purpose of reducing the number of “stateless” children because other countries would be ____17____ to grant citizenship to out-of-wedlock children. But the same argument supports making it easier for unwed fathers to be able to pass along citizenship to their children.Some justices seemed inclined to uphold the law because of Congress’ traditional discretion over matters of immigration and naturalization. But ____18____ the law involved in Flores-Villar’s ____19____ nor the current version can be reconciled with the constitutional guarantee of “equal protection of the laws.” The court should rule that unwed mothers and unwed fathers be treated ____20____. Then Congress should go further and abolish all distinctions in the law, treating children born out of wedlock and children of married couples the same.PART V WRITING (70 MIN, 40 points)Section ATo summarize an essay, you should not include your own thoughts on the matter, but describe the essay as objectively as possible, whether you agree with it or not. Try to use pertinent quotations by the author, working them in gracefully where appropriate. Also, any important or conspicuous words, phrases, or terms should be put in quotation marks.Write a 150-word summary based on the following passage.Why do some of us reject consensus on a whole range of scientific findings? As Professor Stephan Lewandowsky explains, it often comes down to the way we look at the world. What does Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity have to do with the human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV)? What does acid rain have to do with the fact tobacco smoking causes lung cancer? What does Reye’s syndrome have in common with the CFCs that caused the hole in the ozone layer? And what do all those issues have to do with the fact our climate is rapidly changing due to human greenhouse gas emissions?第 13 页共 17 页。
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2012年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 科目代码：871 科目名称：法学综合二
答案请写答题纸上
一、名词解释（共8小题，每小题4 分，共32分）
1、再代理
2、市场支配地位
3、转移支付
4、税收强制执行措施
5、人格权
6、经济立法
7、社会评价主体
8、国家经济管理机关
二、简答题（共8小题，每小题6分，共48分）
1、民法基本原则的功能
2、我国反垄断法上经营者集中的情形及其危害
3、宏观调控法及其原则
4、增值税的概念及其征收范围
5、简述担保物权的概念及特征
6、简述国家经济管理机关经济职权的内容
7、简述经营者资格的内容构成
8、简述经济法的制定与经济立法
三、论述题（共3题，第1、第2题10分，第3題15分，共35分）
1、试述法律上对胎儿利益的保护
2、民事行为被确认无效的法律后果
3、试论经济法的价值
第 1 页共 2 页
四、案例分析（共3題，第1、第2题10分，第3題15分，共35分）
1、甲公司向乙公司购买价值50万元的彩电。
合同约定，甲公司先预付20万元货款，其余30万元货款在提货后三个月内付清，并由丙公司提供连带保证担保，但未约定保证范围。
提货一个月后，甲公司在征得乙公司同意后，将30万元债务转移给尚欠其30万元货款的丁公司。
对此，丙公司完全不知情。
至债务清偿期届满时，乙公司要求丁公司偿还30万元货款及利息，而丁公司因违法经营被依法查处，法定代表人不知去向，公司的账户被冻结。
于是，乙公司找到丙公司，要求其承担保证责任。
丙公司至此才知道甲公司已将其债务转让给丁公司，遂以此为由拒绝承担责任。
双方为此发生争议，乙公司诉至法院。
问：（1）丙公司保证担保的范围应如何确定？为什么？（5分）
（2）丙公司是否应继续承担保证责任？为什么？（5分）
2、李某在孙某的摩托车店里购买了一辆摩托车，该车的生产商为某摩托车公司。
两个月后，李某在一次正常驾驶时突然发生翻车事故，受伤严重，经治疗花去医疗费3万多元。
后经鉴定，事故原因为李某所驾驶的摩托车车轮材料不正常疏松所致。
问：（1）李某的经济损失应该由谁赔偿？为什么？（5分）
（2）此案适用何种归责原则？为什么？（5分）
3、某股份有限责任公司2010年度发生部分业务如下：
(1)公司购买国库券利息收入10万元；（２分）
(2)公司超标准列支招待费30万元；（1分）
(3)公司将以前年度已作坏账损失处理的10万元应收账款收回；（２分）
(4)公司收到国家财政性补贴收入5万元，已列入收入总额，能提供财政部的文件； （２分）
(5)公司技术性转让净收入100万元，计入其他业务收入；（２分）
(6)公司缴纳违反《环保法》的罚款5万元，违反经济合同的违约金6万元，缴纳税收滞纳金8万元。
10月份税务机关查处发现2009年有偷税行为，被处11万元罚款。
（4分）
(7)管理不善库存原材料损失若干万元，其中含进项税11万元；（２分）
你认为，根据相关税收法律法规规定，上述业务应作为企业应税所得额的收入项，还是税前扣除项处理？（本题共15分）
第 2 页共 2 页。