SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH PPT WEEK#7
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社会医学概论ppt课件
西方工业化、都市化与社会医学的创立
十六、十七世纪后，工业化、都市化、居住拥挤、生 态破坏、环境污染和人口流动性大幅度增加，导致传 染性疾病的流行、职业病的出现，这些都在很大程度 上降低了劳动生产率，因而逐渐受到了业主和政府的 重视。
盖林（Jules Guerin， 1801-1886）于1846年首次提 出了“社会医学”这一术语，并把它分成四个部分， 即①社会生理学，研究某一特定人群的身体和精神状 况与其法律、社会制度、风俗习惯等的内在联系；② 社会病理学，研究关于健康和疾病的社会问题；③社 会卫生学，研究采取各种增进健康、预防疾病的措施； ④社会治疗学，制订治疗措施来对付各种社会问题。
社会医学是一门医学学科
Liang Zhou, MD, Ph.D
社会医学的性质和特点
The Nature and features of Social Medicine
社会医学的研究对象
临床医学以“个体(individual)”为主要工作对象 预防医学以“群体(population)”为主要工作对象 社会医学以“社会(society)”为主要研究对象，因为：
主要研究内容：
•个人与群体、群体与群体之间的相互作用与相互 影响(interaction)
•社区分层与社会不平等
•社会制度
•社会变迁 •社会理论
Liang Zhou, MD, Ph.D
社会与文化人类学
定义：
将人作为文化的产物进行研究的一门学科
主要研究内容：
解释人类文化行为的相同处和相异处 描述不同文化的特征 描述文化稳定、发展、变化的过程
社会医学的理论基础与研究方法来源于社会科 学(social sciences)
社会科学与自然科学理论和研究方法上存在一定的 差异
十六、十七世纪后，工业化、都市化、居住拥挤、生 态破坏、环境污染和人口流动性大幅度增加，导致传 染性疾病的流行、职业病的出现，这些都在很大程度 上降低了劳动生产率，因而逐渐受到了业主和政府的 重视。
盖林（Jules Guerin， 1801-1886）于1846年首次提 出了“社会医学”这一术语，并把它分成四个部分， 即①社会生理学，研究某一特定人群的身体和精神状 况与其法律、社会制度、风俗习惯等的内在联系；② 社会病理学，研究关于健康和疾病的社会问题；③社 会卫生学，研究采取各种增进健康、预防疾病的措施； ④社会治疗学，制订治疗措施来对付各种社会问题。
社会医学是一门医学学科
Liang Zhou, MD, Ph.D
社会医学的性质和特点
The Nature and features of Social Medicine
社会医学的研究对象
临床医学以“个体(individual)”为主要工作对象 预防医学以“群体(population)”为主要工作对象 社会医学以“社会(society)”为主要研究对象，因为：
主要研究内容：
•个人与群体、群体与群体之间的相互作用与相互 影响(interaction)
•社区分层与社会不平等
•社会制度
•社会变迁 •社会理论
Liang Zhou, MD, Ph.D
社会与文化人类学
定义：
将人作为文化的产物进行研究的一门学科
主要研究内容：
解释人类文化行为的相同处和相异处 描述不同文化的特征 描述文化稳定、发展、变化的过程
社会医学的理论基础与研究方法来源于社会科 学(social sciences)
社会科学与自然科学理论和研究方法上存在一定的 差异
社会医学基本理论双语ppt课件
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Standards of health vary over time
Little more than a century ago, physicians believed that hysteria was caused by the uterus breaking free and moving through the body. Thus, by definition, all hysterics were women, and the “cure” was removal of the uterus (hysterectomy).
But sociologists see these report as the latest example of medicalization, the process of defining a behavior or condition as an illness in need of medical treatment.
For instance, physical conditions that would be diagnosed as serious skin diseases by U.S. physicians are not considered even symptoms of illness by the Kuba of Sumatra.
-variable.
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Part 2 Defining Health and Medicine
Section 2.1 What is health?
Some people define health as simply the absence of illness, but this vague definition raises more questions than this answers.
Standards of health vary over time
Little more than a century ago, physicians believed that hysteria was caused by the uterus breaking free and moving through the body. Thus, by definition, all hysterics were women, and the “cure” was removal of the uterus (hysterectomy).
But sociologists see these report as the latest example of medicalization, the process of defining a behavior or condition as an illness in need of medical treatment.
For instance, physical conditions that would be diagnosed as serious skin diseases by U.S. physicians are not considered even symptoms of illness by the Kuba of Sumatra.
-variable.
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Part 2 Defining Health and Medicine
Section 2.1 What is health?
Some people define health as simply the absence of illness, but this vague definition raises more questions than this answers.
英语健康ppt课件
Standards
The criteria used to evaluate psychological health include the presence of psychological illnesses, the presence of positive emotions, high cognitive abilities, and a well developed personality
A healthy diet should be energy balanced, meaning it provides
the right amount of calories to meet the body's energy needs
while not excelling the energy requirements
Factors affecting health
01 02 03 04
Lifestyle choices such as poor diet, lake of exercise, and unhealth smoking habits can negatively impact health
Environmental factors like pollution, radiation, and other hazardous conditions can also affect health
A balanced die provides all the essential nutrients required for good health and optimal functions of the body
Preventing defense issues
The criteria used to evaluate psychological health include the presence of psychological illnesses, the presence of positive emotions, high cognitive abilities, and a well developed personality
A healthy diet should be energy balanced, meaning it provides
the right amount of calories to meet the body's energy needs
while not excelling the energy requirements
Factors affecting health
01 02 03 04
Lifestyle choices such as poor diet, lake of exercise, and unhealth smoking habits can negatively impact health
Environmental factors like pollution, radiation, and other hazardous conditions can also affect health
A balanced die provides all the essential nutrients required for good health and optimal functions of the body
Preventing defense issues
《社会医学》PPT课件
四体液学说体现了整体 医学观
Embryonic stage of social medicine 萌芽时期
1. Galen: focus on psychological factors upon health；
2.Peter Frank: miserable life is the hotbed of diseases;
古罗马医师盖伦：重视心理因素 对健康的影响;
德国社会卫生学家:弗兰克: 悲惨的生活是疾病的温床; <全国医学监督体制>: 用医学监督计划使政府采取措施 保护公众的健康;
第一个提出社会卫生措施
Establishment and development of Social Medicine
Frenchman Jules Guerin: first 法国医生儒勒.盖林—第
Pathogenesis of disease and the role of doctors
The external influences of food and drink and climatic factors of excessive heat and cold influence internal mechanisms.
二、社会医学的研究内容 3、社会卫生对策及措施
社会处方
三、社会医学的任务 The tasks of social medicine
倡导积极的健康观 弘扬正确的医学模式 发现社会卫生问题 制定卫生政策和策略 常见病的社会防治 促进人群健康 加强社会医学教育
四、社会医学发展史 The history of social medicine
3. Society should promote health through both individual and social means.
Embryonic stage of social medicine 萌芽时期
1. Galen: focus on psychological factors upon health；
2.Peter Frank: miserable life is the hotbed of diseases;
古罗马医师盖伦：重视心理因素 对健康的影响;
德国社会卫生学家:弗兰克: 悲惨的生活是疾病的温床; <全国医学监督体制>: 用医学监督计划使政府采取措施 保护公众的健康;
第一个提出社会卫生措施
Establishment and development of Social Medicine
Frenchman Jules Guerin: first 法国医生儒勒.盖林—第
Pathogenesis of disease and the role of doctors
The external influences of food and drink and climatic factors of excessive heat and cold influence internal mechanisms.
二、社会医学的研究内容 3、社会卫生对策及措施
社会处方
三、社会医学的任务 The tasks of social medicine
倡导积极的健康观 弘扬正确的医学模式 发现社会卫生问题 制定卫生政策和策略 常见病的社会防治 促进人群健康 加强社会医学教育
四、社会医学发展史 The history of social medicine
3. Society should promote health through both individual and social means.
有关健康的英语PPT
4
Environmental factors
The four major factors affecting health
Acts and lifestyle factors Environmental factors Biological factors Medical and Health Service
Health
202X
The biggest wealth in life
Do you know the meaning of “health”?
WHO(World Health Organization ) definition of Health : Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
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diabetes
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hypertension
03
coronary heart disease
04
colon
05
prostate cancer
06
obesity
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sexually transmitted diseases
08
AIDS
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mental diseases
breast
The four major factors affecting health
Importance of health
The biggest wealth in life is ---health. Without health, everything is nothing.
PERMA_模式积极心理干预在护理领域的研究进展
随着护理领域干预方法的不断发展和进步，其中积极心理干预(positive psychological intervention，PPI)方法受到广泛关注和重视。
积极心理学的创始人马丁•塞利格曼(Martin Seligman)教授在幸福三要素的基础上最终得出幸福五要素原则，既PERMA 理论模式。
在护理领域，心理护理越来越被患者所重视和需要，从最初主要重视减少患者的负性情绪逐步向挖掘其积极情绪发生了转变，而PERMA 模式是包括培养患者积极的情绪、使其投入积极活动、进而改善人际关系、收获意义、最终获得成就的5个方面，该模式通过挖掘积极情绪从而改善患者心理及生理健康达到良好的心理护理作用[1]。
研究就PERMA 模式的相关概念、基本内容及在护理领域的应用进行综述，以期为护理领域的心理干预方法提供参考依据。
1 PERMA 模式概述1.1 相关概念与发展进程PPI 是以积极心理学为理论的干预方法，是培养人的积极情绪、认知、行为的技术。
积极心理学的概念是 2000 年由当时担任美国心理学会主席的宾夕法尼亚大学教授 Martin Seligmen 和其搭档 Mihaly Csikzentmihalyi 在《美国心理学家》上刊登的《积极心理学导论》一文中正式提出，旨在激发人类自身内在的积极力量和个人的优秀品质，主要关注点是人在心理、生理、社会方面的最佳功能，最大限度地帮助个体发现并挖掘潜力，促进其追求更好的生活[2]。
Seligman 作为幸福三要素理论的创始者于2002年首次提出该理论，并不断完善最终得出幸福五要素原则，即PERMA 理论模式，由积极情绪(P,positive emotion)、投入(E,engagement)、人际关系(R,relationship)、意义(M,meaning)、成就(A,achievement)共同组成[3]。
1.2 主要内容PERMA 模式由5个方面组成[4-5]。
①P 主要包含快乐、感恩、平静、希望、骄傲、兴趣、鼓励、敬畏和关爱。
关于健康的英语PPT
What is the definition of health
According to the health standards of the world health organization ,a global survey conducted by the WTO (世界卫生组织）concluded that only 5% of the world’s population is truly healthy. Most of us are in a state of sub-health（亚健康）
How could we do for hate health
Ensure the quality of sleep Ensure a high quality diet
There are many other Ensure good living habits habits that you can search for .
The official line is that health has two sides: The first is mental health.
The second is physical health.
What kind of people are healthy
Healthy people are not just satisfied with one aspect.
About health
注：文本框可根据需求改变颜色、移动位置；文字可编辑
Catalogue
What kind of people are healthy What is the definition of health
How could we do for health
SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH PPT WEEK#5
WHAT IS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITION
• Epidemiological transition is the change in major causes of death from infectious disease to chronic (degenerative, or non-communicable) disease. • Generally when countries are poor the major causes of death are infectious (communicable) diseases: • What are the communicable disease? [students must give examples]
PUBLIC POLICY CONCERNS:
1.
One of the biggest challenges to Western biomedical model comes from the epidemiological transition that takes place with socio-economic developments. It is important to understand these relationships to develop appropriate public policies to deal with specific demographic outcomes of epidemiologic transition. The economic development and the control of infectious diseases are directly connected to each other. The decline of infectious disease is closely connected with the decline in fertility in a given society. 公共政策问题： 西方生物医学模式面临的最大挑战之一来自流行病学过渡的发生与社会经济发展。 这是理解这些关系，以制定适当的公共政策来处理特定的人口统计结果的重要的流 行病学过渡。 经济发展和控制传染病的直接相互连接。 传染病的下降是在特定的社会中生育率的下降密切相关。
有关健康health的英语演讲ppt
Mental Health
This aspect of health deals with the psychological well being of an individual It involves positive mental states like happiness, content, and the presence of any mental illnesses
intensity exercise per day, or 150 minutes per week
Different types of exercise, such as walking, running, swimming, and
strength training, can provide different benefits to the body
A healthy mind is better able to make sound decisions and think clearly, enabling better choices in all aspects of life
The relationship between health and work
English speech on health
目录
CONTENTS
• The Importance of Health • Methods for maintaining health • The benefits of a healthy lifestyle • Personal experience sharing • Outlook for the future
Social Health
This aspect deals with an individual's relationships and interactions with others It involves effective communication, strong relationships, and a sense of being in the community
This aspect of health deals with the psychological well being of an individual It involves positive mental states like happiness, content, and the presence of any mental illnesses
intensity exercise per day, or 150 minutes per week
Different types of exercise, such as walking, running, swimming, and
strength training, can provide different benefits to the body
A healthy mind is better able to make sound decisions and think clearly, enabling better choices in all aspects of life
The relationship between health and work
English speech on health
目录
CONTENTS
• The Importance of Health • Methods for maintaining health • The benefits of a healthy lifestyle • Personal experience sharing • Outlook for the future
Social Health
This aspect deals with an individual's relationships and interactions with others It involves effective communication, strong relationships, and a sense of being in the community
Sociology of Health PPT WEEK#2
BIOMEDICAL MODEL IS A DISEASE MODEL 生物医学模式是一种疾病模型 • Health is viewed as a condition to be achieved by eliminating disease.健康是可以通过消除疾病达到的条件。
• The current medical model is a “disease model” developed by investigating specific causes of disease and the treatment to cure them.当前的医学模式是一种“病”模型通过对特定疾病的 原因和治疗的发展。 • Very little effort has been made to understand what makes people healthy and how to improve those conditions that sustain health.很小的努力已经取得了理解什么使人健康，如何 改善这些条件，维持健康。
PATIENT IS UNIMPORTANT
• While such tools are important, the power they are given has come at the • •
• •
expense of the patient. The patient has become a less reliable source of information for diagnosing illness. While technology and laboratory tests have slowly gained credibility as part of the doctor’s routine examinations, the consideration of non-technical information has gradually diminished. Patient’s own experience and judgements about illness are unimportant. Patient is a passive object. 虽然这样的工具是重要的，他们有能力在病人的代价。 病人已成为疾病诊断的一个不可靠的信息源。 而技术和实验室测试已经慢慢地获得公信力作为医生的例行检查的一部分，非 技术性信息的考虑逐渐减少。 病人的病情的自己的经验和判断是不重要的。病人是一个被动的对象。
骨质疏松的健康教育PPT课件
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• 9、海鲜如鱼类，蛤类、蚝、鱼翅、 沙丁鱼、淡菜类。
• 10、尽量减少摄取脂肪，尤其是 饱和脂肪和反式脂肪酸。
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应加以避免的食物：
• 1、内脏如肝脏、肾脏、脑。 • 2、熏肉。 • 3、汽水如可乐和苏打汽水。 • 4、高胆固醇的食物。 • 5、煎炸的食物。
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• 6、工厂加工的食物如午餐肉，冷 冻微波炉菜肴和其它的加工食品。
随着年龄的 增长，骨质 疏松症的患 病率亦相应 上升。
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谁是高危险群？
1.停经妇女（荷尔蒙） welcome to use these PowerPoint templates, New 2.C老ont化ent d（esig特n, 1别0 ye6a5rs岁exp以erie上nce 的老年人 ） 3.烟、酒、咖啡、茶摄取过量 4.缺乏运动（一周少于三次，每 次少于30分钟） 5.钙质摄取不足
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• 4、利尿剂（请选用不会导致钙质 流失的利尿剂）。
• 5、治疗甲状腺机能减退的药物。
• 6、可消灭肠内良菌的抗生 素。肠内良菌可制造充足 的维生素K以供身体使用。
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如果你有很高的机会患上 骨质疏松症，你必须定期检查 你的骨质密度，及采取足够的 预防措施。这包括向你的医生 询问最适合你身体状况的药物 剂量，确保你每天摄取足够的 钙质与维他命D及常做运动，以 保持强壮的骨骼。未经历更年 期的妇女每日应摄取一千毫克 的钙质。
• 搭巴士时，提前一个站下 巴士，然后步行回家。
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• 把汽车泊在一个地方，距离你的办公室有一段 适当的路程，然后享受早晨步行上班的乐趣。
《Neuman护理理论》课件
Neuman护理理论的贡献和影响
Neuman护理理论对护理领域做出了显著贡献，引领和推动了护理实践的发展。
1 Improved Patient
Outcomes
The theory has contributed to improved patient outcomes by providing a comprehensive framework for nursing care.
Neuman系统模型的核心概念
Wholeness
The model views the individual as a whole, considering their physical, emotional, and social aspects.
Client-Environment Interaction
1 Response to
Healthcare Challenges
Neuman developed her theory in response to the complex and everchanging healthcare landscape.
2 Interdisciplinary
Approach
理论的主要内容和要点
Core Concepts
Neuman's theory emphasizes the concepts of stress, the environment, and the individual's response.
Systems Model
The theory uses a systems model to explain the interaction between the individual and their environment.
社会医学绪论PPT课件
人类健康
生物遗传
环境因素
医疗服务
生活方式
社会
自然
心理
消费方式
职业危害
生活危害
遗传
机体成熟老化
机体内因
治疗
的社会因素
广义社会因素人口:生物属性和社会属性文明:物质文明和精神文明环境:自然环境和社会环境狭义社会因素人口的社会属性:阶层、家庭、情感物质文明:国民收入水平、GDP精神文明:政治、法律、文化、风俗、伦理、生活方式社会环境:人际关系社会学范畴规范、文化、伦理、宗教、风俗、生活方式人际关系和人的社会化社会阶层、婚姻家庭、社会互动、社会支持、社会资本
本文档下载后可以修改编辑，欢迎下载收藏。
进一步阅读的文献
A 吉登斯著,社会学(第十版)。北京大学出版社,2005。W. 科克汉姆著,杨辉,张拓红译。医学社会学(第七版)。华夏出版社。2000。E. 迪尔凯姆。自杀论。商务印书馆,北京。2000。Rose G. The Strategy of Preventive Medicine, Oxford: Oxford University Press (1992).
本课程考核
平时成绩30分(三次随机课堂测验)结业闭卷考试70分题目类型及分值名词解释(6个,每个3分共18分):英译中,用中文解释填空(40空,每空0.5分,共20分)选择(15题,每题2分,共30分)问答题(3题,每题6分,共18分)分析题(1题,共14分)题目内容:不超出课堂讲授和教材教材: 张拓红,陈少贤主编,社会医学,北京大学医学出版社,2006年4月版
健康和健康问题
什么是健康?我国居民的主要健康问题是什么?如何衡量健康?
健康维度和多种评价方法
负向健康的测量Negative死亡mortality疾病morbidity正向健康的测量Positive以寿命表为基础的测量 LEFD,PYLL综合指标 PQLI,ASHA,DALY,DALE,QALY多维健康的测量客观健康测量:IMR,MMR次客观健康测量:症状功能评价主观健康测量:生活质量评价(QOL)
健康社会学视角下《身体活动全球行动计划(2018-2030)》价值内涵与实践路径
体育文化导刊 2020年7月 第7期 Sports Culture Guide No.7 July 202060健康社会学视角下《身体活动全球行动计划（2018-2030）》价值内涵与实践路径贾晨（华南师范大学体育科学学院，广州 510006）摘要：运用文献资料法等，从健康社会学视角对世界卫生组织颁布的《身体活动全球行动计划（2018-2030）》进行解读。
研究表明：该行动计划注重科学性，以健康社会学为理论依据；注重引领性，树立以身体活动助推人类发展的大健康理念；注重全面性，将系统的战略目标与具体的行动措施相结合；注重实效性，强调实施监测与效果评估。
提出对我国的启示：充分认识身体活动的价值，推广和培养健康行为理念；保障公民身体活动权利，完善全民健身联动机制；充分发挥社区中枢作用，构建全民健身活动系统；强化科学的监测与评估，注重政策的落实与成效。
关键词：群众体育；健康社会学；《身体活动全球行动计划（2018-2030）》；世界卫生组织Value Connotation and Practical Approach of the Global Action Plan onPhysical Activity (2018-2030) from the Perspective of Health SociologyJIA Chen(School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, China)Abstract: Using the literature method, this research interpreted the Global Action Plan for Physical Activity (2018-2030) promulgated by the World Health Organization from the perspective of health sociology. The results show that the action plan pays attention to science, based on the health sociology; it establishes the concept of promoting human development through physical activity, focusing on leadership; it puts an emphasis on comprehensiveness and combines systematic strategy with specific actions; it focuses on effectiveness and emphasis on monitoring and evaluation. On this basis, the paper puts forward the inspiration to China as follows: We will recognize the value of physical activity, promote and cultivate the concept of health behavior, guarantee the citizens' rights to physical activity and improve the linkage mechanism of national fitness, give full play to the role of the community center and build a national fitness system, strengthen scientific monitoring and evaluation, focusing on the implementation and effectiveness of policy.Keywords: mass sports;health sociology; the Global Action Plan for Physical Activity (2018-2030); the World Health Organization基金项目：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目资助（19YJC890054）；广东省教育科学“十三五”规划2018年度教育科研重点项目（2018JKZ009）；华南师范大学研究生科研创新计划资助项目（2019WKXM009）作者简介：贾晨，女，在读博士，研究方向为体育社会学。
医学-老年保健-身体篇-健康休闲饮食良好生活习惯养生ppt早会晨会夕会幻灯片投影片培训课件专题材料素材
流汗或费力，但能与他人交谈为准 强度:达最大心跳率的60%—85%
最大心跳率=220－年龄
只有你能为自己的健康负责
健康的食品及正确的饮食习惯 持续的运动、练气功、走路、骑自行
车 适宜的居住环境:安全、安心、安定 每年体检，有病求医，寻求专业的咨
询与建议 乐观的态度，知足常乐
触觉
- 成人到60或70岁时，手掌及手指敏感度，会有 衰退情形，对振动的敏感度也有衰退。
- 皮肤温度降低也会使痛觉接受器之敏感度降低。
皮肤外观
– 皱纹、松弛：表皮细胞数目减
少，真皮厚度减少，胶原蛋白 与弹性蛋白含量变少。表皮下 的皮下脂肪和水分丧失。
– 老人斑：阳光曝晒，色素沉淀。
– 干燥：汗腺萎缩、皮脂腺分泌
诊断失智，忆不容迟
简易心智状态问卷调查表(SPMSQ)
1. 今天是几号?
2. 今天是星期几?
3. 这是什么地方?
4. a.您的电话号码是几号?
b.您住在什么地方?
5. 您几岁了?
6. 您的出生年月日?
7. 现任的总统是谁?
8. 前任的总统是谁?
9. 您妈妈叫什么名字?
10. 从20减3开始算，一直减下去
8 2025
资料来自：United Nations,World Population Prospects
台湾健保局统计: 重大伤病卡:29万(2019) →72万(2019) 65岁以上老人，平均:1.5种慢性病/人
身体健康 才能享受人生
健康为快乐之本
老人眼疾－来自于次级老化
白内障 水晶体变得不透明，阻止光进入网膜 而看不见物体，严重时，黑眼珠中间 泛白，称为白内障。可能与紫外线照 射或血中糖分过高有关。
最大心跳率=220－年龄
只有你能为自己的健康负责
健康的食品及正确的饮食习惯 持续的运动、练气功、走路、骑自行
车 适宜的居住环境:安全、安心、安定 每年体检，有病求医，寻求专业的咨
询与建议 乐观的态度，知足常乐
触觉
- 成人到60或70岁时，手掌及手指敏感度，会有 衰退情形，对振动的敏感度也有衰退。
- 皮肤温度降低也会使痛觉接受器之敏感度降低。
皮肤外观
– 皱纹、松弛：表皮细胞数目减
少，真皮厚度减少，胶原蛋白 与弹性蛋白含量变少。表皮下 的皮下脂肪和水分丧失。
– 老人斑：阳光曝晒，色素沉淀。
– 干燥：汗腺萎缩、皮脂腺分泌
诊断失智，忆不容迟
简易心智状态问卷调查表(SPMSQ)
1. 今天是几号?
2. 今天是星期几?
3. 这是什么地方?
4. a.您的电话号码是几号?
b.您住在什么地方?
5. 您几岁了?
6. 您的出生年月日?
7. 现任的总统是谁?
8. 前任的总统是谁?
9. 您妈妈叫什么名字?
10. 从20减3开始算，一直减下去
8 2025
资料来自：United Nations,World Population Prospects
台湾健保局统计: 重大伤病卡:29万(2019) →72万(2019) 65岁以上老人，平均:1.5种慢性病/人
身体健康 才能享受人生
健康为快乐之本
老人眼疾－来自于次级老化
白内障 水晶体变得不透明，阻止光进入网膜 而看不见物体，严重时，黑眼珠中间 泛白，称为白内障。可能与紫外线照 射或血中糖分过高有关。
健康英文health_ ppt课件
11
Food and drinks
Eating Pyramid
12
健康英文health_
13
noodles
fish
meat
rice
14
dessert
健康英文health_
biscuit
birthday cake
15
bread Strawberry cake
英 文 hea lth_
TAKOYAKI
Way:A healthy diet involves consuming appropriate amounts of all nutrients, and an adequate amount of water. Nutrients can be obtained from many different foods, so there are a wide variety of diets that may be considered healthy diets
随着我们的国家的发展，人们对健康越来越重视。但是，仍有许多人 不知道如何在日常生活中保持健康。常言道，健康不是一切，但是 没有了健康，你将失去一切，包括你的理想，生命。因此保持健康是 非常重要的.
2
精品资料
• 你怎么称呼老师？ • 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你
是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？ • 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭 • “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我
5
Sports
Do you like sports, which sports do you like best?
6
Aerobic exercise can help able-bodied cardiopulmonary and blood circulation system 有氧运动有助于强健心肺 功能和血液循环系统
Food and drinks
Eating Pyramid
12
健康英文health_
13
noodles
fish
meat
rice
14
dessert
健康英文health_
biscuit
birthday cake
15
bread Strawberry cake
英 文 hea lth_
TAKOYAKI
Way:A healthy diet involves consuming appropriate amounts of all nutrients, and an adequate amount of water. Nutrients can be obtained from many different foods, so there are a wide variety of diets that may be considered healthy diets
随着我们的国家的发展，人们对健康越来越重视。但是，仍有许多人 不知道如何在日常生活中保持健康。常言道，健康不是一切，但是 没有了健康，你将失去一切，包括你的理想，生命。因此保持健康是 非常重要的.
2
精品资料
• 你怎么称呼老师？ • 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你
是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？ • 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ • 教师的教鞭 • “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我
5
Sports
Do you like sports, which sports do you like best?
6
Aerobic exercise can help able-bodied cardiopulmonary and blood circulation system 有氧运动有助于强健心肺 功能和血液循环系统
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Homicide: Social and economic
AGE 15-24 Years
Unintentional injuries: Accidents
Homicide: Social and economic
Suicide: Social and psychological Cancer: Environmental and genetics
6) Inactivity, lack of physical activity can be a factor in producing atrophy and pathological aging,
7) Prolonged period of nutritional deficiency,
8) Smoking and Excessive consumption of alcohol.
3.
Social Networks: To prevent feelings of isolation, older persons need continued involvement in various social networks (such as family, friendship, work, leisure, religion, sports, etc).
The Functional Health:
•
The functional health refers to a state of general health emphasizing ability to perform activities of dais a natural process involving a number of physiological changes, many of them merely a decline in the rate of functioning.
4) Chronic tension, worry and fatigue associated with an inability to relax,
5) The use of multiple drugs commonly results in over-dosages and toxicities,
What are those factors that adversely affect body functioning:
1)
2) 3)
Chronic infection taking a long time to heal,
Toxins from the environment Critical illness and degenerative diseases (Examples: hypertension, arthritis and rheumatism tend to produce premature aging)
LIFE SPAN RISKS: WE NEED TO SET OUR POLICY PRIORITIES ON THE BASIS OF OUR POPULATION COMPOSITION:
From the moment you were born, you grow older.
Age is closely related to mortality and morbidity.
A community can set its priorities for intervention on the problems of specific subpopulations defined by age.
The four leading causes of death for each of six major age groups, for example, are different in each age group.
1.
2.
Allocation of resources and social roles: Continuing involvement in society by the aged make a large difference in the quality of life and consequently in the health of the elderly.
•
•
Anticipate future health needs of older populations.
Gerontology and Geriatrics are important subjects for the students of social work. Gerontology is the study of the aging process. Geriatrics is the study of the care of the aged. And it is concerned primarily with enabling older people with illness or disability to live productively and enjoyably.
Health science seeks to prevent premature death and to promote optimum health with the life span.
Pathological aging refers to a “rapid aging process” by adverse factors affecting body functioning.
WHEN YOU ARE OLD, YOU WANT TO BE WITH YOUR FRIENDS
WHEN YOU ARE OLD, YOU WANT TO BE WITH YOUR FRIENDS…
SPENDING TIME WITH GRANDCHILDREN…
AGING AND HEALTH OF OLDER POPULATIONS
•
In this discussion, we will examine special health needs of a community’s older population. Identify community health programs and services appropriate to the needs of the elderly;
Age is powerful correlate of activity limitation.
Age correlates so consistently with mortality and morbidity, therefore it serves as convenient marker of for program planning.
Cancer: Life style, and environmental Heart disease: Life style and heart disease
Stroke: genetics, lifestyle
Injuries: accidents/social
AGE 65 AND OLDER
AGE 25-44 YEARS
Unintentional injuries: Accidents Cancer: Environmental and lifestyle HIV infection: Social/behavioral Heart disease: Lifestyle
AGE 45-64 YEARS
Sudden infants death: Unknown
Age 1-14 YEARS:
Unintentional injuries: Precaution is required Cancer: Mostly genetics, and environmental
Congenital anomalies: Mostly genetics
•
Older people may experience longer periods of illness because of body’s delayed response to infections or any other disorders.
PREVENTION OF FASTER AGING:
•
With the reduction in the efficiency in circulation, endurance decline.
•
There is also a general decline in the functioning of the nervous system and the sensory organs.
COMMUNITY LIVING AND ACTIVE LIFE
Community living: Living with others is the best for older people. When they live with others of similar age, they are happier and healthier.
3.
Family networks: most older people like to have their family around.
•
A reduction in the metabolic rate of about 7 percent occurs for every 10 years after age of 30.
AGE 15-24 Years
Unintentional injuries: Accidents
Homicide: Social and economic
Suicide: Social and psychological Cancer: Environmental and genetics
6) Inactivity, lack of physical activity can be a factor in producing atrophy and pathological aging,
7) Prolonged period of nutritional deficiency,
8) Smoking and Excessive consumption of alcohol.
3.
Social Networks: To prevent feelings of isolation, older persons need continued involvement in various social networks (such as family, friendship, work, leisure, religion, sports, etc).
The Functional Health:
•
The functional health refers to a state of general health emphasizing ability to perform activities of dais a natural process involving a number of physiological changes, many of them merely a decline in the rate of functioning.
4) Chronic tension, worry and fatigue associated with an inability to relax,
5) The use of multiple drugs commonly results in over-dosages and toxicities,
What are those factors that adversely affect body functioning:
1)
2) 3)
Chronic infection taking a long time to heal,
Toxins from the environment Critical illness and degenerative diseases (Examples: hypertension, arthritis and rheumatism tend to produce premature aging)
LIFE SPAN RISKS: WE NEED TO SET OUR POLICY PRIORITIES ON THE BASIS OF OUR POPULATION COMPOSITION:
From the moment you were born, you grow older.
Age is closely related to mortality and morbidity.
A community can set its priorities for intervention on the problems of specific subpopulations defined by age.
The four leading causes of death for each of six major age groups, for example, are different in each age group.
1.
2.
Allocation of resources and social roles: Continuing involvement in society by the aged make a large difference in the quality of life and consequently in the health of the elderly.
•
•
Anticipate future health needs of older populations.
Gerontology and Geriatrics are important subjects for the students of social work. Gerontology is the study of the aging process. Geriatrics is the study of the care of the aged. And it is concerned primarily with enabling older people with illness or disability to live productively and enjoyably.
Health science seeks to prevent premature death and to promote optimum health with the life span.
Pathological aging refers to a “rapid aging process” by adverse factors affecting body functioning.
WHEN YOU ARE OLD, YOU WANT TO BE WITH YOUR FRIENDS
WHEN YOU ARE OLD, YOU WANT TO BE WITH YOUR FRIENDS…
SPENDING TIME WITH GRANDCHILDREN…
AGING AND HEALTH OF OLDER POPULATIONS
•
In this discussion, we will examine special health needs of a community’s older population. Identify community health programs and services appropriate to the needs of the elderly;
Age is powerful correlate of activity limitation.
Age correlates so consistently with mortality and morbidity, therefore it serves as convenient marker of for program planning.
Cancer: Life style, and environmental Heart disease: Life style and heart disease
Stroke: genetics, lifestyle
Injuries: accidents/social
AGE 65 AND OLDER
AGE 25-44 YEARS
Unintentional injuries: Accidents Cancer: Environmental and lifestyle HIV infection: Social/behavioral Heart disease: Lifestyle
AGE 45-64 YEARS
Sudden infants death: Unknown
Age 1-14 YEARS:
Unintentional injuries: Precaution is required Cancer: Mostly genetics, and environmental
Congenital anomalies: Mostly genetics
•
Older people may experience longer periods of illness because of body’s delayed response to infections or any other disorders.
PREVENTION OF FASTER AGING:
•
With the reduction in the efficiency in circulation, endurance decline.
•
There is also a general decline in the functioning of the nervous system and the sensory organs.
COMMUNITY LIVING AND ACTIVE LIFE
Community living: Living with others is the best for older people. When they live with others of similar age, they are happier and healthier.
3.
Family networks: most older people like to have their family around.
•
A reduction in the metabolic rate of about 7 percent occurs for every 10 years after age of 30.