安徽马鞍山市第十一中学八年级英语下册 8B Unit 3 Online Shopping(第四课时)Grammar学案(无答案) 牛津

课题：8 B Unit 3 Online Shopping 第四课时 Grammar
班级：姓名：时间：年月日
一、学习目标
单词： widely _____________ e-dictionary ___________
restart_____________ connect ________________
total _____________ Mars __________________
set ________________
词组： restart the co mputer _________________
句型： The park has become a new tourist attraction.
认真预习课本,看看自己能否找出下列句子和我们以前学的句子有什么区别
1. He turns on the TV. We are ready to watch TV.
The TV is turned on. We are ready to watch TV
2. We use a keyboard for typing information into the computer.
A keyboard is used for typing information into the computer.
3. The teacher checked my homework two hours ago.
My homework was checked two h ours ago.
这种结构就是我们本节课要学的语法，叫做被动语态，请你根据上面的句子写出下列词组的被动形式
turns on the TV 的被动形式是
use a keyboard的被动形式是
checked my homework的被动形式是
预习后，让学生先总结被动语态的结构
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
被动语态的时态怎么变化
_____________________________________________
还有什么需要注意的
_____________________________________________
二、预习导学
被动语态的讲解
1. 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

请说出下列句子是主动还是被动
A. Ma ny people speak Chinese. ______________
Chinese is spoken by many people. ______________
B. He was laughed at by all people. ______________
All the people laughed at him. ______________
C. They make the bikes in the factory. _____________
The bikes are made by them in the factory.__________
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：
He cut down a tree.
A tree was cut down by him.
They use metal to make machines.
Metal is used to make machines by them.
三.课堂活动
1.预习情况交流
2.要求学生同读课本P48A1&A2部分的对话，对语境形成整体了解，然后完成句子的填空
3.自学能力检测
A. 集体订正 P51B2
B. 学生朗读，理解被动语态的构成和用法
C．要求学生能把主动语态变成被动语态，把被动语态变成主动语态
D．复习被动语态的用法
复习后，要求用以下时间词填空
仿照例句改写句子。

例：We turn on the TV now.
The TV is turned on now.
1. We use the computer to search for information.
The computer _______ _______ to search for information.
2. We used the computer for playing games.
The computer _______ ________ for playing games.
3. Jackson design this CD-ROM.
This CD-ROM ________ ________ by Jackson.
4. We call it printer.
It ________ _________ printer.
四随堂检测
I、用动词适当形式填空：
1. A keyboard _______ (use) for typing information into the computer.
2. The trip to the World Park ___________ (organize) by Mr Wu.
3. The skirts with green and white flowers ___________ (design) by my sister.
4. The little cat _________ (take) to the animal center.
5. Many reserves _________ (built) in China last year.
6. English _________ (teach) in schools all over the China.
7. I’m afraid the trousers of your size ________ (sell out).
8. The fire _________ (put out) by the firemen.
9. My new sweater ________ (make) of wool.
10. Thousands of new books _________ (print) every year in our country. 按要求变换句型
1.My brother turned on the TV after he got home. (改为被动语态)
2. Computers are sold in the shop.(改为否定形式)
3. We connected the keyboard to the computer. (改为被动语态)
五.学后记
本节课我们学了: __________________________________________________ 本节课我学会了: __________________________________________________ 我存在的问题：___________________________________________________。