A comparative study of different metal acetylacetonates covalently
水化硅酸钙的制备及其吸附性能
水化硅酸钙的制备及其吸附性能张宏森;郭语桐;蒋保江;王君【摘要】为获得性能优异的吸附材料,以工业废物白泥和油页岩灰为原料制备水化硅酸钙,利用X射线粉末衍射仪和透射电子显微镜等分析其结构和形貌,并通过重金属吸附实验分析其吸附性能。
结果表明：水化硅酸钙具有薄片相互交错的网状结构,最佳合成条件为反应温度25℃、钙硅比1.5。
水化硅酸钙吸附过程符合Langmuir 吸附热力学模型。
它对U~（6＋）、Pb~（2＋）、Cd~（2＋）、Cr~（3＋）四种重金属离子的最大吸附容量均大于200 mg/g,去除率均大于86%。
其优异的吸附性能主要源于薄片层结构和离子交换机制。
该研究为溶液中重金属去除提供了廉价、高效的吸附材料,对于白泥和油页岩灰资源化利用亦具有推动作用。
【期刊名称】《黑龙江科技大学学报》【年(卷),期】2018(028)001【总页数】5页(P65-69)【关键词】水化硅酸钙;制备;吸附性能;油页岩灰;白泥【作者】张宏森;郭语桐;蒋保江;王君【作者单位】[1]黑龙江科技大学环境与化工学院,哈尔滨150022;[1]黑龙江科技大学环境与化工学院,哈尔滨150022;[2]黑龙江大学化学化工与材料学院,哈尔滨150086;[3]哈尔滨工程大学材料与化工学院,哈尔滨150001;【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TQ050.430 引言油页岩灰是油页岩加工利用过程中最主要的工业废物，主要成分是SiO2和金属氧化物，该产物数量巨大，长期堆放不仅占用大量的土地，而且会造成严重的环境污染[1]。
白泥是造纸生产过程中产生的主要工业废物，主要成分为CaCO3、CaSO4、CaCl2等钙盐，呈强碱性，每生产1 t粗浆要产生近0.5 t白泥，数量巨大，也会造成严重的环境影响 [2]。
目前，上述两种工业废物的资源化利用一直备受关注，学者们亦开展了大量研究工作。
Gao Guimei等[3-4]以油页岩灰或白泥为原料制备了二氧化硅微球、氧化铝、文石型碳酸钙等产品，处理工业废物的同时实现了资源化利用。
北京2023高考英语试卷
北京2023高考英语试卷2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语注意事项：1.本试卷共100分。
考试时长90分钟。
2.考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was always timid（羞怯的）. Being new to the school made me even____1____，so it was surprising I’d____2____to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night!After I got home，though. I took my time petting the cat﹣postponing the pain.When I finally sat down to____3____，I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear. Talking kept me and my neighboursfrom____4____. One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away，I’d turn to theft and go toprison. When I got out，people would say，“She used to talk in class.” The pages began____5____.But when mum got home from work，I was still____6____，“Five pages! That’s impossible!”“Well，you’d better get back to work，” she said. “and I want to read it when you’re through.”Soon after dinner，I handed the essay to mum. I half expecteda____7____﹣at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson”.____8____，mum laughed and laughed as she read.The next day，when Ms Black read the essay to the class，everyone laughed. I could____9____they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. My____10____still needed some nudging（激发），but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.1. A.freer B.shyer C.calmer D.happier2. A.nod B.point C.listen D.chat3. A.weep B.rest C.write D.read4. A.learning B.playing C.planning ughing5. A.standing out B.flying by C.breaking up D.checking in6. A.celebrating B.longing plaining D.warning7. A.lecture B.reason C.reward D.solution8. A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Instead9. A.hope B.imagine C.tell D.predict10.A.patience B.confidence C.tolerance D.independence第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
不同酸消解方法在土壤重金属测定中的比较研究 (1)
5.1 57.4
2.7
保 证 值 范 围 内 ， 相 对 标 准 偏 差 范 围 为 1.9% ～ 8.0%， 而元素Cr的测定值偏低， 不在保证值范围 之内。 方法二测定土壤标样GSS-5和GSS-12， 结 果与方法一的基本一致， 铜、 铅、 锌、 镉、 镍、 锰等元素均在保证值范围内， 相对标准偏差范围 为1.0%～5.0%， 其准确度与精密度比方法一高， 而元素Cr的测定值仍偏低， 不在保证值范围之 内。 方法三测定两种土壤标样， 元素Cr的测定值 均 在 范 围 以 内 ， 相 对 标 准 偏 差 范 围 为 2.7% ～ 5.1%， 其他元素的结果均低于保证值。
表3 三种酸消解方法实验操作的比较
比较项目
方法一
方法二
方法三
称样重量/g 0.250 0～0.500 0 0.200 0～0.300 0 0.200 0～0.300 0
使用酸种类 HCl+HNO3+HF+HClO4 HNO3+H2O2+HF HNO3+H2SO4+HF
使用酸总体积/ml
30
9
9
消解时间/h
各有优缺点， 笔者所研究的三种消解方法都属于 湿法消解， 湿法消解使用较为普遍， 样品称样量 范围较大， 消化过程操作简单， 易于控制。 1 材料与方法 1.1 仪器与试剂
仪器： TAS-990AFG火焰-原子吸收分光光 度计， NOV AA400石墨炉-原子吸收分光光度 计， 电子分析天平， 电热板；
Wang Xiaowen
（Dalian Environmental Monitoring Centre, Dalian Liaoning 116023, China）
英文学术论文写作-title(上课用)
英文学术论文写作 1 (标题)一般来说，一篇完整规范的学术论文由以下各部分构成：Title(标题)，Abstract(摘要)，Keywords(关键词)，Table of contents(目录)，Nomenclature(术语表)，Introduction(引言)，Method(方法)，Results(结果)，Discussion(讨论)，Conclusion(结论)，Acknowledgement(致谢)，Reference(参考文献)，Appendix(附录)1、标题的写法对论文题目的要求是：准确得体、简短精炼、外延和内涵恰如其分、醒目1.1 标题的长度大多为8—12个单词左右1.2 标题的用词用得最多的是名词(包括动名词)除名词外，用得较多的是介词，有时使用形容词、冠词、连词、副词。
1.3 标题的结构主要有三种结构：名词性词组(包括动名词)，介词词组，名词词组+介词词组。
(1)名词性词组名词性词组由名词及其修饰语构成。
例a．Severe Weather and the Automobile例b．Soil Behavior and Critical Soil Mechanics例c．High Speed Flow Sensor and Fluid Power Systems Modelling例d．Traditional Versus Adult Studies Students: the College(2)介词词组由介词十名词或名词词组构成例a．On the Distribution of Sound in a Corridor例b．On the Crushing Mechanism of Thin Walled Structures(3)名词／名词词组+介词词组例Dietary Supplement and Body Image in Female College StudentsKnowledge of Cardiovascular Disease in University StudentsDiversity in the Future Work ForceProgress on Fuel Cell and Its Materials(4)其他形式偶尔可用疑问句作为论文的标题，以点明整个论文讨论的焦点。
不同提取剂提取土壤中重金属能力的对比研究
依据.
关键词:浸提剂ꎻ提取能力ꎻ重金属ꎻ形态分布
中图分类号:Ｘ５３ 文献标志码:Ａ 文章编号:１０００－５４６３(２０２０)０１－００５５－０８
Ａ Ｃｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅ Ｓｔｕｄｙ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ Ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ ｏｆ Ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔａｎｔｓ ｔｏ Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔ Ｈｅａｖｙ Ｍｅｔａｌｓ ｉｎ Ｓｏｉｌ
物质局提出的 ＢＣＲ 连续提取法( ＢＣＲ) 和 ＴＥＳＳＩＥＲ 提出的 ＳＥＰ 连续提取法( Ｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｉａｌ Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ Ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ) 对污染
土壤中的重金属进行形态分析ꎬ探究了不同多级提取法中重金属形态分布的关系以及浸提剂浸出的重金属质量分
数与多级提取法中重金属形态分布的关系. 研究结果表明:各浸提剂的浸提能力从强到弱依次是:ＤＴＰＡ、ＴＣＬＰ、
ｅｘｔｒａｃｔａｂｌｅ ｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎ. Ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｈｅａｖｙ ｍｅｔａｌｓ ｌｅａｃｈｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ＤＴＰＡ ｉｓ ａｌｓｏ ｃｌｏｓｅｌｙ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｏ ｔｈｅ ｆｏｒｍ ｏｆ ｈｅａｖｙ ｍｅｔ￣
ｉｎ ｃｏｍｂｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ｗｉｔｈ Ｃｕꎬ Ｎｉꎬ Ｐｂ ａｎｄ Ｃｄ. Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅꎬ ｔｈｅ ＢＣＲ ｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｉａｌ ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄ ｂｙ Ｅｕｒｏｐｅａｎ Ｃｏｍ￣
ｍｕｎｉｔｙ Ｂｕｒｅａｕ ｏｆ Ｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ ａｎｄ Ｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｉａｌ Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ Ｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅｓ ( ＳＥＰ ) ｗｅｒｅ ｃａｒｒｉｅｄ ｏｕｔ ｔｏ ａｎａｌｙｚｅ ｔｈｅ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ
Ｒｅｍｅｄｉａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ Ｗａｔｅｒ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍꎬ Ｇｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕ ５１０００６ꎬ Ｃｈｉｎａ)
不同消解方法测定固体废物中重金属的对比
可调 式 电热 板 ；ＴＯＰ ｗａｖｅ◎ 顶 级微 波 消 解 系 统 ；ＡｕｔｏＤｉｇｉＢｌｏｃｋ￥６０全 自动 消解 仪 ；ＺＥＥｎｉｔ７００Ｐ
原 子 吸 收 分 光 光 度 计 ；铜 、镍 、锌 标 准 溶 液 （５００ ｍｇ·Ｌ ）：环境 保 护 部 标 准 样 品 研 究 所 ；硝 酸 ：高 氯 酸 ：盐 酸 ；氢氟 酸 ；过 氧化 氢 ；硝酸 镧 ，试 剂 均为 优 级 纯 ；超 纯水 。 １．２ 固体废 物样 品 的制备 １．２．１ 电 热 板 消解 法 称 取 ０．３０ｇ过 筛 后 的 样 品 于 ５０ ｍＬ聚 四氟 乙烯坩埚 中 ，用少 量水 润湿 样 品 后 加 入 ５ ｍＬ盐 酸 ，于 通 风 橱 内 的 电 热 板 上 约 １２０￣Ｃ加 热 ，使 样 品初 步 消 解 ，待 蒸 发 至 约 剩 ３ ｍＬ 时 取下 稍冷 。加 入 ５ ｍＬ硝 酸 ，５ ｍＬ氢 氟 酸 、３ ｍＬ 高 氯酸 ，加 盖后 于 电 热板 上 约 １６０￣Ｃ加 热 １ ｈ。开 盖 、电热 板 温 度 控 制 在 １８０℃继 续 加 热 ，并 经 常 摇 动 坩埚 。 当加热 至 冒 白烟 时 ，加盖使 黑 色有 机碳 化 物 充分分 解 。待 坩埚 壁上 黑色 有机 物消 失后 开盖 ， 驱 赶 白烟并 蒸至 内容 物呈 粘稠 状 。取下 坩埚 稍冷 ， 加入 １ ｍＬ硝酸溶液温热溶解可溶性残渣 ，冷却后
关键词 ：固体废物 ；消解方法 ；重金属 中 图分 类 号 ：Ｘ８３３ 文 献 标 识 码 ：Ａ
Ｃｏｍ ｐａｒａｔｉｖｅ Ｓｔｕｄｙ ｏｆ Ｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｔ Ｄｉｇｅｓｔｉｏｎ Ｍ ｅｔｈｏｄｓ ｆｏｒ Ｄｅｔｅｒｍ ｉｎｉｎｇ Ｈ ｅａｖｙ Ｍ ｅｔａｌ ｉｎ Ｓｏｌｉｄ Ｗ ａｓｔｅ
国际商法英文版
Theoretical Study Introduction to International and Comparative Law 国际法与比较法入门 State Responsibility and Environmental Regulation 国家责任和环境规制 Dispute Settlement 争端解决 Trade in Goods 货物贸易 Services and Labour 服务与劳务 Intellectual Property 知识产权 Sales 销售
CHAPTER 1
Defining International Law Making International Law Sources of International law Scope of International Law in Practice International Persons Individual Rights Under International Law Comparison of Municipal Legal Systems
© 2009 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Prentice Hall
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL AND
COMPARATIVE LAW
© 2009 Pearson Education Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 1-1
5. United States---Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products 美国 —虾及虾产品进口限制案
河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题(含答案)
信阳高中北湖校区2023-2024学年高一下期05月测试（二）英语试题分值：150分时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答题前请填好自己的姓名，班级，考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单词汉译英、英译汉(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)1.g adj.全球的；全世界的2.a adv.每年；一年一度地3.m n.大多数4.d v.消失，不见5.o adj.普通的；平常的6.c adj.当前的，现在的7.f adj.以前的，从前的8.o vt.克服(困难);控制情感9.s n.继续生存，幸存10.p n.建议，提议11.solution n.12.bother vi&vt.13.firm adj.14.involve vt.15.profit n.16.contented adj.17.determination n.18.slim adj.19.destination n.20.indicate vt.二、阅读理解(共两节，共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分)AGreen Line Performing Arts CenterUpcoming Programs:First Monday Jazz Series:CrosswindMonday Feb 4|7-9 pmFirst Monday Jazz is a free monthly event showcasing local Chicago jazz artists.Green Light Series:South Side Story TimeSunday Feb 17|10-11 amBring your kids to listen,learn,sing,dance,and interact!South Side Story Time is a small gathering that focuses on readings for its young attendees along with the chance for their parents to socialize.Open to families with children of all ages.Sistergirls and Freedom Fighters:Stories in Celebration of Women's Power and Grace Wednesday Feb 20|7-8 pmJoin us for an evening of storytelling featuring the dynamic singing,in the Spirit by Emily Hooper Lansana.This performance will highlight a range of stories that demonstrate women's creative and political genius from folk heroines to Nobel Peace Prize winners.Family Saturdays:Art togetherEvery 1st Saturday of the Month|3-5 pmExplore your child's artistic curiosity with hands-on art workshops designed to stimulate creativity and play.These interdisciplinary workshops are exciting for the entire family,offering activities from music to arts and e to learn something new!Appropriate for families with children.Registration(注册)is encouraged.Follow Arts +Public Life on Facebook for more event details and a full list of all upcomingperformances.21.When can people enjoy jazz in February?A.At 8 pm every first Monday. C.At 7 pm every first Wednesday.B.At 4 pm every other Saturday.D.At 9 pm every other Monday.22.What do we know about Sistergirls and Freedom Fighters?A.It lasts two hours.C.It is a prize-winning performance. B.It is organized by Emily.D.It celebrates women's achievements.23.What do Green Light Series and Family Saturdays have in common?A.Activity typesC.Target participants.B.Event frequencyD.Registration requirements. BI used to believe that only words could catch the essence of the human soul.The literary(文学的)works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world.Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves.Words were everything.That belief changed.In an ordinary math class,my teacher posed a simple question:What's 0.99 rounded to the nearest whole number?Easy.When rounded to the nearest whole number,0.99 =1.Somehow,I thought even though 0.99 is only 0.01 away from 1,there's still a 0.01 difference.That means even if two things are only a little different,they are still different,so doesn't that make them completely different?My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation(等式):1=0.9,which could also be expressed as 1=0.99999...repeating itself without ever ending.There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation.The left side was unchangeable,objective:it contained a number that ended.On the right was something endless,number repeating itself limitless times.Yet,somehow,these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.Lying in bed,I thought about how much the equation paralleled our existence.The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear.The concrete,whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die.But then there is that gap in between life and death.The right side means a time and space full of limitless possibilities,and endless opportunities into the open future.So that's what life is.Objective but imaginative.Unchangeable but limitless.Life is an equation with two sides that balances itself out.Still,we can't ever truly seem to put the perfect words to it.So possibly numbers can express ideas as equally well as words can.For now,let's leave it at that:1=0.99999...and live a life like it.What does the author emphasize about words in paragraph 1?A.Their wide variety. C.Their expressive power.B.Their literary origins D.Their distinct sounds.25.What made the author find the equation fascinating?A.The repetition of a number.B.The difference between the two numbers.D.The way two different numbers are equal.C.The question the teacher raised.26.Which of the following can replace the underlined word paralleled"in paragraph 6?A.Measured.posed.C.Mirrored.D.Influenced.27.What does the author think of“1=0.9”?A.They uncover the meaning of life.C.They are useful in learning maths.B.They are reliable in expressing ideas.D.They give limited possibilities.CDuring space missions,astronauts can experience a loss of some of the inner structural support in their bones.For trips in space lasting at least six months,that loss is equal to about 20 years of aging.Luckily,a new study finds a year back on Earth rebuilds half of the strength lost in the affected bone.Exercise scientist Leigh Gabel was part of a team that tracked 17 astronauts,each of whom had spent four to seven months in space.The team measured the 3-D structure of bone.They focused on the structure of the tibia(胫骨)and the lower-arm bone.The researchers took images of the bones3times—before spaceflight and again six months and one year later when the astronauts returned home from space.From these pictures,Gabel's team calculated an astronaut's bone strength and density(密度)at each of those times.What did hey find through comparison of the pictures?Astronauts in space for less than six months regained their preflight(起飞前的)bone strength after a year back on Earth.But those who stayed in space longer suffered permanent bone loss in their tibias.That loss was equal to a decade of aging.The lower arm bones showed almost no loss.Tat was likely because these aren’t weigh-bearing bones on Earth,Gabel explains.In fact,those arms can get bigger workout in space than on Earth as astronauts use them to move around their craft by pushing off handles and doors.“Increasing weight-lifing exercises in space could help alleviate (解)bone loss in the legs,”says Steven Boyd,also in exercise scientist.“With longer spaceflight,we can expect bigger bone loss-and probably a bigger problem with recovery,”says physiologist Laurence Vico.“Space agencies should also consider other bone health measures,such as nutrition,to reduce bone loss and increase bone formation.”28.Why did Gabel's team take pictures at different times?A.To offer evidence for their predictions.B.o show their respect for the astronauts.C.To compare the changes in the astronauts' bones.D.To find out the proper length of staying in space for astronauts.29.Which of the following may Gabel agree with?A.A spaceflight in less than half a year does no harm to astronauts.B.Astronauts coming back from a spaceflight look much older.C.Astronauts can aybid bone loss through doing enough exercise.D.There is almost no difference in the astronauts' lower-arm bones.30.What can we conclude from this text?A.People on Earth never suffer bone loss.B.The finding of the new study is good news for astronauts.C.The 17 astronauts knew the bone loss before their spaceflights.D.Astronauts can regain their bone strength as soon as they return to Earth.31.What does the text mainly talk about?A.ow to prevent bone loss in space.B.Problems faced by astronauts in space.C.Astronauts' suffering from bone loss in space.D.Astronauts' contributions to the development of science.DThe innovation is part of research into brain-computer interfaces(接口)to help improve the lives of people with disabilities.The researchers included machine learning capabilities with their brain-computer interface,making it a one-size-fits-all solutionTypically,these devices require extensive adjustment for each user-every brain is different,both for healthy and disabled users and that has been a major obstacle to mainstream adoption.This new solution can quickly understand the needs of an individual subject and self-adjust through repetition.That means multiple patients could use the device without needing to adjust it for better functioning.In a clinical setting,the subjects wear a cap packed with electrodes(电极)that is connected to a computer.The electrodes gather data by measuring electrical signals from the brain,and the decoder translates the brain signals into commands,which are used to control devices or applications.In this case,the decoded signals are translated into actions in a car racing game and a simpler task involving balancing a digital bar.Subjects were trained simultaneously for both the simpler bar game and the more complex car racing game,thus improving their brain function.This project used 18 subjects with no motor disabilities.As they continue down this road,they will test this on people with motor disabilities to apply it to larger groups in clinical settings.“To achieve this,we need to improve our technology to make it easier to use,'Millan.a professor in the University of Texas says.On the side of translating the research,Millan and his team continue to work on a wheel chair that users can drive with the brain-computer interface.At the South by Southwest Conference and Festivals this month,the researchers showed off another potential use of the technology:controlling two rehabilitation(康复)robots for the hand and arm.This was not part of the new paper but a sign of where this technology could go in the future.“We'll continue down this path wherever it takes us in the pursuit of helping people.”Millan says.32.Who will benefit the most from the Brain-Computer Interface innovation?A.People with physical disabilitiesB.Businessmen selling wheelchairsC.Students seeking academic improvement.D.Athletes seeking performance enhancement.33.What is the main advantage of the new solution?A.Faster adjustment process C.I proved mainstream adoption.B.Decreased need for adjustingD.Quick understanding of commands34.What is the function of electrodes?A.Translating signals C.Controlling devicesB.Measuring brain signals D.Enhancing brain function.35-What is the probable focus of Millan and his team's future work?A.Exploring hand and arm rehabilitation.B.Showcasing technology at conferences.C.Translating and publishing research papers.D.Enhancing brain-computer interface technology.第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)When I graduated from high school,I wanted to major in comparative literature.But,once I found out my fiends were going into“real”majors,like marketing,nursing,and engineering,II forced myself to believe that figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. 36 I would enjoy(it and succeed in the future,but eventually I exhausted myself understanding theeconomy and trying new marketing ing out of this experience,I realize it is OK tobe different from others and to study things like classics,art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities(人文学科)!The worries most people have about a Humanities degree and finding a career afterwards are Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes,which that the majors are too abstract. 37 are occasionally different from what people commonly believe,offer a broad perspective(视角).How could one effectively be an unbiased(无偏见的)writer with only a knowledge of the popular opinion of society?How could one speak persuasively with closed minds?Only seeing the world through a single perspective leads to missed learning,missed friendships,and missed growth! 38STEM(science,technology,engineering,and mathematics)graduates learn actual skills in their studies,while humanities majors learn "soft skills"like communicating effectively through writing critically and speaking persuasively,synthesizing(综合)ideas through gathering and interpreting information,and developing cultural awareness.Do those soft skills sound useless and inapplicable Produce ideas?Encounter people from other cultures?Every day.to you?Think of it.39 Every SECOND of every day.So why not master these skills?40 The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist's grace to our rapidly evolving high-tech future.Your skills will be valuable to any workplace you hope to be in.Stick to your dream major with all your energy,no matter what other people think.A.So one will not obtain any practical skills.B.How often do you communicate with others?C.How much progress can you make in a certain time?D.So I changed my mind and chose Business Management as my major.E.If you choose a major in the College of Humanities,you will be needed.F.The number of students majoring in the humanities has declined by about half.G.With a broader perspective,we will be more open-minded and less limited in what we can become!第三节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)In 1980,Foley was a new nurse,working the night shift in a maternity ward(产房).One night,a baby girl was born with a 41 congenital(天生的)disorder that affected her brain.She was 42 to die soon.As Foley had seen in similar cases,babies in this 43 were often placed in a bassinet(摇篮)and received little 44 until they died.But Foley said Nancy Allspach,a colleague of hers,had a 45 approach.“She went into the nursery multiple times through the shift and 46 that baby,”Foley recalled.“She put her 47 right down next to the baby,and she talked to the baby.And she even 48 the baby a bottle and rocked her in the big rocking chair.And she 49 the baby as thoughshe were her own.”Foley 50 remembers how the baby was treated,and how the mother was treated,too.Over her nearly 50-year 51 as a registered nurse,Foley has 52 many babies and children who died later.And looking back,she said she always tied to treat both the children and their parents with compassion(同情)—the way she 53 from Nancy Allspach."I never forgot the importance of touching and being 54 to the baby or the child and also the parents,”she said.“Because,at that moment,what they need is 55 .And Nancy taught me that.'41. A. fancy42. A. encouraged43. A. atmosphere44. A. attention45. A. passive46. A. spoiled47. A. face48. A. showed49. A. noticed50. A. clearly51. A. request52. A. met with53. A. heard54. A. polite55. A. compassionB. severeB. forcedB. pointB. commitment B. differentB. rankedB. footB. boughtB. treatedB. hardlyB. ambitionB. looked atB. learnedB. familiarB. destinationC. mildC. considered C. conceptC. contribution C. fatalC. held C. earC. drankC. defeated C. normally C. planC. cared for C. received C. similarC. exampleD. joyfulD. managed D. condition D. improvement D. broadD. setD. backD. fedD. keptD. carefully D. careerD. picked up D. borrowed D. closeD. competition第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)第一部分语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分;共15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意:答案请写在答题卡上,写在本卷无效)。
2020年9月英语六级真题及参考答案完整版
2020年9月英语六级真题及参考答案【完整版】四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，请找具体选项内容，忽略套数。
无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本(有文字也有图片)，仅供大家参考。
【网络综合版】听力：Section ALong Conversation OneM: You are a professor of Physics at the University of Oxford. You are a senior advisor at the European Organization for Nuclear Research. You also seem to tour the global tirelessly, giving talks. And in addition, you have your own weekly TV show On Science. Where do you get the energy?W: Oh, well. 【Q1】I just love what I do. I am extremely fortunate to have this life, doing what I love doing.M: Professor, what exactly is your goal? Why do you do all of these?W: well, as you said, I do have different things going on. But these I think can be divided into 【Q2】two groups: the education of science, and the further understanding of science.M: Don't these two things get in the way of each other? What I mean is, doesn't giving lectures take time away from the lab?W: Not really, no. I love teaching, and I don’t mind spending more time doing that now than in the past. Also, what I will say is, that 【Q3】teaching a subject helps me comprehend it better myself. I find that it furthers my own knowledge when I have to explain something clearly, when I have to aid others understanding it, and when I have to answer questions about it. Teaching at a high level can be very stimulating for anyone, no matter how much expertise they may already have in the field they are instructing.M: Are there any scientific breakthroughs that you see on the near horizon? A significant discovery or invention we can expect soon.W: 【Q4】The world is always conducting science. And there're constantly new things being discovered. In fact, right now, we have too much data sitting in computers.For example, we have thousands of photos of planet Mars taken by telescopes that nobody has ever seen. We have them, yet nobody has had time to look at them with their own eyes, let alone analyze them.Q1: Why does the woman say she can be so energetic?Q2: What has the woman been engaged in?Q3: What does the woman say about the benefit teaching brings to her?Q4: How does the woman say new scientific breakthroughs can be made possible?Section AConversation 2M: Do you think dreams 【Q5】have special meanings?W: No. I don't think they do.M: I don't either, but some people do. I would say people who believe that dreams have special meanings are superstitious, especially nowadays. In the past, during the times of ancient Egypt, Greece or China, people used to believe that dreams could foresee the future. But today, with all the scientific knowledge that we have, I think it's much harder to believe in these sorts of things.W: My grandmother is superstitious, and she thinks dreams can predict the future. Once, 【Q6】she dreamed that the flight she was due to take the following day crashed.Can you guess what she did? She didn't take that flight. She didn't even bother to go to the airport the following day. Instead, she took the same flight but a week later. And everything was fine of course. No plane ever crashed.M: How funny! Did you know that flying is actually safer than any other mode of transport? It's been statistically proven. People can be so irrational sometimes.W: Yes, absolutely. But, even if we think they are ridiculous, 【Q7】emotions can be just as powerful as rational thinking.M: Exactly. People do all sorts of crazy things because of their irrational feelings. But in fact, some psychologists believe that our dreams are the result of our emotions and memories from that day. I think it was Sigmund Freud who said that children's dreams were usually simple representations of their wishes, thingsthey wished would happen. 【Q8】But in adults', dreams are much more complicated reflections of their more sophisticated sentiments.W: Isn't it interesting how psychologists try to understand using the scientific method something as bazaar as dreams? Psychology is like the rational study of irrational feelings.Q5: What do both speakers think of dreams?Q6: Why didn't the woman's grandmother take her scheduled flight?Q7: What does the woman say about people's emotions?Q8: What did psychologist Sigmund Freud say about adults' dreams?Section BPassage 1While some scientists explore the surface of the Antarctic, others are learning more about a giant body of water -- four kilometers beneath the ice pack. Scientists first discovered Lake Vostok in the 1970s by using radio waves that penetrate the ice. Since then, they have used sound waves and even satellites to map this massive body of water. How does the water in Lake Vostok remained liquid beneath an ice sheet? “The thick glacier above acts like insulating blanket and keeps the water from freezing,” said Martin Siegert, a glaciologist from the university of Wales. In addition, geothermal heat from the deep within the earth may warm the hidden lake.The scientists suspect that microorganisms may be living in Lake Vostok, closed or more than two million years. Anything found that off from the outside world f s on the surface of the earth, said Siegert. Scientists ’will be totally alien to what are trying to find a way to drill into the ice and draw water samples without causing ht be the solution. If all goes as planned, a contamination. Again, robots mig shift robot will melt through the surface ice. When it reaches the lake, it -drill will release another robot that can swim in the lake, take pictures and look for ries will shed light on life in outer signs of life. The scientists hope that discove up -space, which might exist in similar dark and airless conditions. Recently closed s moon, Europa, shows signs of water beneath the icy surface. ’pictures of Jupiter ropa to search for life there, Once tested the Antarctic, robots could be set to Eu too.Q9: What did the scientists first use to discover Lake Vostok in the 1970s? Q10: What did scientists think about Lake Vostok?Q11: What do the scientists hope their discoveries will do?Section BPassage 2The idea to study the American Indian tribe – Tarahumaras, came to James Copeland in 1984 when 【Q12】he discovered that very little research had been done on their language. He contacted the tribe member through a social worker who workedwith the tribes in Mexico. At first, the tribe member named Gonzalez was very reluctant to cooperate. He told Copeland that no amount of money could buy his language. But after Copeland explained to him what he intended to do with his research and how it would benefit the Tarahumaras, Gonzalez agreed to help. 【Q13】He took Copeland to his village and served as an intermediary. Copeland says, thanks to him, the Tarahumaras understood what their mission was and started trusting us. 【Q14】Entering the world of Tarahumaras has been a laborious project for Copeland.To reach their homeland, he must strive two and half days from Huston Taxes. He loads up his vehicle with goods that the tribe’s men can’t easily get and gives the goods to them as a gesture of friendship. The Tarahumaras, who don’t believe any humiliating wealth, take the food and share among themselves. For Copeland, the experience has not only been academically satisfying but also has enriched his life in several ways. 【Q15】“I see people rejecting technology and living a very hard, traditional life, which offers me another notion about the meaning of progress in the western tradition,” he says, “I experienced the simplicity of living in nature that I would otherwise only be able to read about.I see a lot of beauty and their sense of sharing and concern for each other.”Q12: Why did James Copeland want to study the American Indian tribe -- Tarahumaras?Q13: How did Gonzalez help James Copeland?Q14: What does the speaker say about James Copeland’s trip to the Tarahumaras village?Q15: What impresses James Copeland about the Tarahumaras tribe?Section CRecording 1What is a radical? It seems today that people are terrified of the term,minority, who are mostly wealthy white males in western society.Feminism is a perfect example of this phenomenon. The women's movement has been plagued by stereotypes, misrepresentations by the media, and accusations of man-hating and radicalism. When the basic foundation of feminism is simply that women deserve equal rights in all facets of life. When faced with the threat of being labelled radical, women back down from their worthy calls and consequently, participate in their own oppression.It has gotten to the point that many women are afraid to call themselves feminists because of a stigma attached to the word. If people refused to be controlled, and intimidated by stigmas, the stigmas lose all their power, without fear on which they feed, such stigmas can only die.To me, 【Q17】a radical is simply someone who rebels against the norm when advocates a change in the existing state of affairs. On close inspection, it becomes clear that the norm is constantly involving, and therefore, is not a constant entity. So why then, is deviation from the present situation such a threat, when the state of affairs itself is unstable and subject to relentless transformation?It all goes back to maintaining the power of those who have it and preventing the right of those who don't. In fact, when we look at the word "radical" in a historical context, nearly every figure we now hold up as a hero was considered a radical in his or her time. Radicals are people who affect change. They are the people about whom history is written. Abolitionists were radicals, civil rights activists were radicals, 【Q18】 even the founders of our country in their fight to win independence from England were radicals. Their presence in history has changed the way our society functions, mainly by shifting the balance of power that previously existed. Of course, there are some radicals who've made a negative impact on humanity, 【Q18】 but undeniably, there would simply be no progress without radicals. That been said, next time someone calls me a radical, I would accept that label with pride.Q16: What usually happens when people are accused of being radical?Q17: What is the speaker's definition of a radical?Q18: What does the speaker think of most radicals in the American history?Recording 2We are very susceptible to the influence of the people around us. For instance, you may have known somebody who has gone overseas for a year or so and has returned with an accent perhaps. We become part of our immediate environment. None of us are immune to the influences of our own world and let us not kid ourselves that we are untouched by the things and people in our life.Fred goes off to his new job at a factory. Fred takes his ten-minute coffee break, but the other workers take half an hour. Fred says, “What’s the matter with you guys?” Two weeks later, Fred is taking twenty-minute breaks. A month later, Fred takes his half hour. Fred is saying “If you can’t be them, join them. Why should I work any harder than the next guy?” The fascinating thing about being human is that generally we are unaware that there are changes taking place in our mentality. It is like returning to the city smog after some weeks in the fresh air. Only then do we realize that we’ve become accustomed to the nasty smells. Mix with critical people and we learn to criticize. Mix with happy people, and we learn about happiness. What this means is that we need to decide what we want from life and then choose our company accordingly. You may well say, "That is going to take some effort. It may not be comfortable. I may offend some of my present company." Right, but it is your life. Fred may say, "I’m always broke, frequently depressed. I’m going nowhereand I never do anything exciting." Then we discover that Fred’s best friends are always broke, frequently depressed, going nowhere and wishing that life was more exciting. This is not coincidence, nor is it our business to stand in judgement of Fred? However, if Fred ever wants to improve his quality of life, the first thing he'll need to do is recognize what has been going on all these years.It’s no surprise that doctors as a profession suffer a lot of ill health, because they spend their life around sick people. Psychiatrists have a higher incidence of suicide in their profession for related reasons. Traditionally, nine out of ten children whose parents smoke, smoke themselves. Obesity is in part an environmental problem. Successful people have successful friends, and so the story goes on.Q19 What does the speaker say about us as human beings?Q20 What does the speaker say Fred should do first to improve his quality of life?Q21 What does the speaker say about the psychiatrists?Section CLecture 3Virtually every American can recognize a dollar bill at a mere glance. Many can identify it by its sound or texture. But 【Q22】few people indeed can accurately describe the world's most powerful, important currency.The American dollar bill is colored with black ink on one side and green on the other;【Q23】 the exact composition of the paper and ink is a closely guarded government secret. Despite its weighty importance, the dollar bill actually weighs little. It requires nearly 500 bills to tip the scales at a pound. Not only is the dollar bill lightweight, but it also has a brief life span. Few dollar bills survive longer than 18 months.The word "dollar" is taken from the German word "taler," the name for the world's most important currency in the 16th century. The taler was a silver coin first minted in 1518 under the reign of Charles V, Emperor of Germany.The concept of paper money is a relatively recent innovation in the history of American currency. When the Constitution was signed, people had little regard for paper money because of its steadily decreasing value during the colonial era.【Q24】Because of this lack of faith, the new American government minted only coins for common currency. Interest-bearing bank notes were issued at the same time, but their purpose was limited to providing money for urgent government crises, such as American involvement in the War of 1812.The first noninterest-bearing paper currency was authorized by Congress in 1862, at the height of the Civil War. At this point, citizens' old fears of devalued paper currency had calmed, and the dollar bill was born. The new green colored paper money quickly earned the nickname "greenback."Today, the American dollar bill is a product of the Federal Reserve and is issued from the twelve Federal Reserve banks around the United States. The government keeps a steady supply of approximately two billion bills in circulation at all times.Controversy continues to surround the true value of the dollar bill.【Q25】American history has seen generations of politicians argue in favor of a gold standard for American currency. However, for the present, the American dollar bill holds the value that is printed on it, and little more. The only other guarantee on the bill is a Federal Reserve pledge of as a confirmation in the form of government securities.Q22: What does the speaker say about the American dollar bill?Q23: What does the speaker say about the exact composition of the American dollar bill?Q24: Why did the new American government mint only coins for common currency?Q25: What have generations of American politicians argued for?参考答案1.A)She can devote all her life to pursing her passion.2.D)Science education and scientific research.3.A)A better understanding of a subject.4.B)By making full use of the existing data.5. B) They have no special meanings.6. C) She dreamed of a plane crash.7. D) They can have an impact as great as rational thinking8. C) They reflect their complicated emotions.9. A) Radio waves.10. B)It may have micro—organisms living in it.11. D)Shed light on possible life in outer space.12. A)He found there had been little research on their anguage.13. D)He acted as an intermediary between Copel and the villagers.14. C)Laborious15. B)Their sense of sharing and caring.16 .A)They tend to be silenced into submission.17. D)One who rebels against the existing social orser.18. C)They served as a driving force for progress.19. B)It is impossible for us to be immune from outside influence.20. D) Recognize the negative impact of his coworkers.21. A) They are quite susceptible to suicide.22. B) Few people can describe it precisely.23. C) It is a well—protected government secret.24. A) People had little faith in paper money.25. C) It is awell—protected government secret.翻译：《水浒传》(Water Margin)是中国文学四大经典小说之一。
植物金属硫蛋白的研究进展
生物化工 Biological Chemical Engineering
文章编号：2096-0387（2021）03-0170-03
Vol.7 No.3 Jun. 2021
植物金属硫蛋白的研究进展
邱颖胜 1，刘燕敏 1，魏超 2，董舒乐 1，刘骕骦 1*
（1. 湖州学院 生命科学与健康系，浙江湖州 313000；2. 肇庆学院 生命科学学院，广东肇庆 526061）
Biochemistry (Mosc),2016,81(6):565-573.
Expression and Induction During Senescence and in Response to [13] CHEN Y,ZHI J,LI X,et al.Diversity in Cadmium Accumulation and
积极的作用。Liu 等利用酵母双杂交和双分子荧光 互补（BiFC）实验发现大豆基质金属蛋白酶 Gm1MMP 与 GmMT4 存在互作关系，并推测 Gm1-MMP 与
的萌发有关。番茄中，SlMT1 在根中高表达，SlMT2 在叶片中高表达，SlMT3 在根、叶片和果实中高表达， SlMT4 主要在果实中高表达 [8]。瓜尔豆中，CtMT1 在
面的研究进展进行综述，以期为进一步阐明植物金属
因 类 型、物 种、组 织 和 器 官、生 长 发 育 时 期 和
硫蛋白的功能特征以及新种质的创新奠定基础。
环境因子的不同，植物 MTs 基因呈现出不同的表达
基金项目：浙江省自然科学基金（LQ20C130003）；湖州学院大学生创新创业训练科研项目（2021CXCY06）。 作者简介：邱颖胜（2000—），男，浙江宁波人，本科在读，研究方向：种子生物学。 通 信 作 者：刘 骕 骦（1990—），男，黑 龙 江 绥 化 人，博 士，讲 师，研 究 方 向：植 物 耐 逆 分 子 生 物 学。E-mail：8387870552@ 。
不同形貌纳米Cu2O的制备
不同形貌纳米Cu2O的制备张迎迎;谈君婕;赵月;褚效中;王飞;张岩【摘要】纳米C u2 O作为一种重要的金属氧化物,在电池、传感器、催化剂及生物医药等领域应用广泛.通过水热法制备出具有不同形貌的纳米C u2 O,考察了反应物浓度和分散剂因素对纳米Cu2 O形貌的影响,并对产物进行SEM、XRD和XPS分析表征.结果表明:当原料浓度较低时,纳米C u2 O主要为空心球形;而当原料浓度较高时,得到的纳米C u2 O形貌主要为多面体或多面体晶簇.【期刊名称】《淮阴师范学院学报（自然科学版）》【年(卷),期】2018(017)002【总页数】5页(P148-152)【关键词】纳米Cu2O;水热法;形貌;制备【作者】张迎迎;谈君婕;赵月;褚效中;王飞;张岩【作者单位】淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安 223300;淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安 223300;淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安 223300;淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安 223300;淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安223300;淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安 223300【正文语种】中文【中图分类】O690 引言由于纳米金属氧化物的形貌和尺寸能够显著影响其物理和化学性质,因此如何有效控制纳米功能材料形貌和尺寸的制备方法已成为近年来研究热点．纳米Cu2O作为一种p-型半导体材料,具有显著的表面效应、宏观量子隧道效应以及量子尺寸效应[1-5]．纳米氧化亚铜在传感器[6]、CO催化氧化[7]、光催化[8-9]、水制氢[10]等方面具有较好的应用．目前,制得的纳米氧化亚铜形貌包括纳米粒子[6]、纳米簇[11]、立方体[12-13]、空心球[14-15]、花状[16-17]、纳米笼状[18-19]、八面体[20-21]、棒状[22-23]、线状[24]、管状[25]、双棱锥状[26]以及膜状[27]．本课题组前期合成的空心球状纳米Cu2O具有较好的光催化降解染料性能[15]．因此,研究不同形貌纳米Cu2O制备方法对于拓宽其应用具有重要的意义．1 实验部分1.1 仪器电子分析天平,天津市德安特传感技术有限公司;HJ-4A四联数显恒温磁力搅拌器,常州未来仪器制造有限公司;501A型超级恒温器,上海实验仪器厂有限公司;2XZ-1型旋片式真空泵,临海市精工真空设备厂;数显鼓风干燥箱,上海博迅实业有限公司医疗设备厂;水热反应釜,安徽科幂机械科技有限公司;石英舟,东海县富友石英制品厂;场发射扫描电子显微镜FESEM(Quanta FEG450),美国FEI公司;X射线衍射仪(XRD),美国Bruker公司．1.2 试剂无水碳酸钠(AR)、硫酸铜(AR)、六次甲基四胺(AR)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB、AR),国药集团化学试剂有限公司;聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,分子量为55 000)和抗坏血酸(VC),阿拉丁试剂,上海晶纯生化科技股份有限公司．1.3 实验步骤在一定温度下,向不同浓度的CuSO4 溶液中滴加不同类型的分散剂,然后分别加入不同浓度的Na2CO3溶液和还原剂,过滤,洗涤,烘干,对所得样品进行SEM、XRD和XPS分析表征．2 结果与讨论2.1 纳米球状Cu2O的制备在50℃下,向20 mL 0.1 mol/L CuSO4 溶液中缓慢滴加20 mL 0.1 mol/LNa2CO3溶液,结束后加入20 mL 0.1 mol/L VC还原剂,然后保温反应2h,过滤,用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗3次,80℃真空烘干后得样品1，该样品的SEM图如图1所示．由图1可知,制备的纳米Cu2O颗粒形状为松散的球状或者半球状,颗粒直径约500 nm．图1 样品1的SEM图2.2 原料浓度对纳米Cu2O形貌的影响在50℃下,向20 mL 0.3 mol/L CuSO4溶液中缓慢滴加20 mL 0.3 mol/LNa2CO3溶液,然后滴加20 mL 0.3 mol/L VC溶液,保温反应2h,过滤,用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗3次,80℃真空烘干后得样品2，该样品的SEM图如图2所示．由图2可知,制备的纳米Cu2O颗粒形状为不均匀的十二面体晶体或者多面体晶簇．图2 样品2的SEM图图3 样品3的SEM图2.3 分散剂对不同反应物浓度下纳米Cu2O形貌的影响在50℃下,向20 mL 0.1 mol/L CuSO4 溶液中,缓慢滴加10 mL 0.1 mol/L PVP,然后滴加20 mL 0.1 mol/L Na2CO3溶液,最后滴加20 mL 0.1 mol/L VC溶液,保温反应2 h,过滤,用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗3次,80℃真空烘干后得样品3，该样品的SEM图如图3所示．由图3可知,制备的纳米Cu2O颗粒形状为较致密的球状或者带有开口的空心球状．图4 样品4的SEM图在50℃下,向20 mL 0.3 mol/L CuSO4 溶液中,缓慢滴加10 mL 0.1 mol/L PVP溶液,然后缓慢滴加20 mL 0.3 mol/L Na2CO3溶液,最后缓慢滴加20 mL 0.3mol/L VC溶液,保温反应2 h,过滤,用去离子水和无水乙醇分别洗3次,80℃真空烘干后得样品4，该样品的SEM图如图4所示．由图4可知,制备的纳米Cu2O颗粒形状为光滑的多于12个面的多面体或者多面体晶簇．图5 不同形貌纳米Cu2O的XRD图图6 样品1的XPS图图7 纳米Cu2O的SEM图由图1～图4对应的4个样品SEM图与标准样品XRD(图5)中主要衍射峰位置对比结果可知,制备的纳米材料均为Cu2O．而且由样品1的XPS图(图6)可知,对应于铜元素2p1/2和2p3/2两个峰的能级分别为952.41 eV和932.69 eV,这与纯Cu2O一致[15,17]．当分散剂分别更换为0.1 mol/L CTAB和六甲基四胺,其他条件不变时,得到的纳米Cu2O形貌如图7所示,图中a、b、c、d分别为样品1、2、3和4. 其形貌由多面体状向球状转变,表明分散剂类型对纳米Cu2O形貌具有较大影响,这将为合成多面体形貌纳米Cu2O的分散剂类型选择提供参考．3 结论利用硫酸铜与弱碱反应,通过控制原料浓度和分散剂类型制备了不同形貌的纳米Cu2O．当原料浓度较低时,纳米Cu2O主要为空心球形;而当原料浓度较高时,得到的纳米Cu2O形貌主要为多面体或多面体晶簇;PVP作为分散剂时,容易形成多面体形貌的纳米Cu2O,对于制备多面体形貌纳米Cu2O的分散剂类型选择具有指导意义．参考文献：【相关文献】[1] Hakim S H, Shanks B H. A Comparative study of macroporous metal oxides synthesized via a unified appro-ach[J]. Chem Mater, 2009, 21: 2027-2038.[2] Susman M D, Feldman Y, Vaskevich A, et al. Chemical deposition of Cu2O nanocrystals with precise morphology control[J]. ACS Nano, 2014, 8: 162-174.[3] Park J, Kim J, Kwon H, Song H. Synthesis of Cu2O nanocubes and subsequent oxidation to CuO hollow nanostructures for lithium-Ion battery anode materials[J]. Adv Mater, 2009, 21: 803-807.[4] Tan C S, Hsu S C, Ke W H, et al. Facet-dependent electrical conductivity properties of Cu2O crystals[J]. Nano Lett, 2015, 15: 2155-2160.[5] Fan H M, You G J, Li Y, et al. Shape-controlled synthesis of single-crystalline Fe2O3 hollow nanocrystals and their tunable optical properties[J]. J Phys Chem C, 2009, 113: 9928-9935.[6] Zhang J, Liu J, Peng Q, et al. Nearly monodisperse Cu2O and CuOnanospheres:preparation and applications for sensitive gas sensors[J]. Chem Mater, 2006, 18: 867-871.[7] White B, Yin M, Hall A, et al. Complete CO oxidation over Cu2O nanoparticles supported on silica gel[J]. Nano Lett, 2006, 6: 2095-2098.[8] Kuo C H, Chen C H, Huang M H. Seed-mediated synthesis of monodispersed Cu2O nanocubes with five different size ranges from 40 to 420 nm[J]. Adv Funct Mater, 2007, 17: 3773-3780.[9] Pan L, Zou J J, Zhang T R, et al. Cu2O film via hydrothermal redox approach: morphology and photocatalytic performance[J]. J Phys Chem C, 2014, 118:16335-16343. [10] Hsu Y K, Yu C H, Chen Y C, et al. Synthesis of novel Cu2O micro/nanostructural photocathode for solar water splitting[J]. Electrochim Acta, 2013, 105: 62-68.[11] Zahmakiran M, Ozkar S. Preparation and characterization of zeolite framework stabilized cuprous oxide nanoparticles[J]. Mater Lett, 2009, 63: 1033-1036.[12] Cao Y Y, Xu Y Y, Hao H Y, et al. Room temperature additive-free synthesis of uniform Cu2O nanocubes with tunable size from 20 nm to 500 nm and photocatalytic property[J]. Mater Lett, 2014, 114: 88-91.[13] Kim M H, Lim B, Lee E P, et al. Polyol synthesis of Cu2O nanoparticles: use of chloride to promote the formation of a cubic morphology[J]. J Mater Chem, 2008, 18: 4069-4073.[14] Ge X Q, Hu H M, Deng C H, et al. Facile sonochemical synthesis of hierarchical Cu2O hollow submicrospheres with high adsorption capacity for methyl orange[J]. Mater Lett, 2015, 141: 214-216.[15] Chu X Z, Cheng Z P, Zhao Y J, et al. Morphology control of mesoporous Cu2O by reductants and its photocatalytic activity[J]. Ceramics International, 2017, 43: 8222-8229 [16] Liang Z H, Zhu Y J. Synthesis of uniformly sized Cu2O crystals with star-like andflower-like morphologies[J]. Mater Lett, 2005, 59: 2423-2425.[17] Chu X Z, Cheng Z P, Xu J M, et al. Synthesis of submicrometer-sized Cu2O with morphological evolution in a one-pot reaction[J]. Mater Lett, 2015, 159: 297-300. [18] Kuo C H, Huang M H. Fabrication of truncated rhombic dodecahedral Cu2O nanocages and nanoframes by particle aggregation and acidic etching[J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2008, 130: 12815-12820.[19] Xu H, Wang W. Template synthesis of multishelled Cu2O hollow spheres with a single-crystalline shell wall[J]. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2007, 46: 1489-1492.[20] Wang X Z, Chen M J, He Y R, et al. Shape-controlled preparation of Cu2O crystals and their growth mecha-nism[J]. J Alloy Compd, 2015, 628: 50-56.[21] Siegfried M J, Choi K S. Elucidating the effect of additives on the growth and stability of Cu2O surfaces via shape transformation of pre-grown crystals[J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2006, 128: 10356-10357.[22] Pang H, Gao F, Lu Q. Morphology effect on antibacterial activity of cuprous oxide[J]. Chem Commun, 2009, 9: 1076-1078.[23] Sabbaghan M, Beheshtian J, Liarjdame R N. Preparation of Cu2O nanostructures by changing reducing agent and their optical properties[J]. Mater Lett, 2015, 153: 1-4. [24] Xiao X X, Xia P, Ji X, et al. In situ synthesis and characterization of Cu2O nanowire networks from CuSCN fi-lms[J]. Mater Lett, 2014, 128: 271-274.[25] Xu J, Tang Y B, Zhang W X, et al. Fabrication of architectures with dual hollow structures: arrays of Cu2O nanotubes organized by hollow nanospheres[J]. Cryst Growth Des, 2009, 9: 4524-4528.[26] Jimenez-Cadana G, Comina E, Ferroni M, et al. Synthesis of Cu2O bi-pyramids by reduction of Cu(OH)2 in solution[J]. Mater Lett, 2010, 64: 469-471.[27] Yu X J, Wei Y C, Huang L Z, et al. Fabrication, morphology formation mechanism and properties of nanometer Cu2O thin film with KCl-doping[J]. Mater Chem Phys, 2014, 148: 727-733.。
金矿石中高含量金元素测定方法的研究及比对分析
金矿石中高含量金元素测定方法的研究及比对分析黄登丽（甘肃省有色金属地质勘查局张掖矿产勘查院，甘肃 张掖 ７３４０００）摘 要：本文建立了对金矿石中高含量金元素的化学分析流程及不同分析流程的对比性研究，对高温焙烧处理后的样品采用１：１王水混合溶液溶解浸取，并对样品的浸取时间，振荡吸附时间、振荡吸附频率及解脱剂硫脲浓度条件进行了优化，采用多次吸附法和分液法对高含量金的测定进行对比性分析。
实验方法采用１：１的王水混合溶液溶解浸取金、泡沫塑料富集、硫脲解脱、火焰原子吸收测定金的含量。
关键词：金矿石；金元素；浸取；吸附；解脱；多次吸附；分液中图分类号：Ｏ６５７．３１ 文献标识码：Ａ 文章编号：１００２－５０６５（２０１９）０５－０１７５－４Study and comparative analysis on determination method of high content gold in gold oreHUANG Deng-li（Ｚｈａｎｇｙｅ ｍｉｎｅｒａｌ ｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ ｏｆ ｇａｎｓｕ ｎｏｎｆｅｒｒｏｕｓ ｍｅｔａｌ ｇｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｅｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎ ｂｕｒｅａｕ，Ｚｈａｎｇｙｅ ７３４０００，Ｃｈｉｎａ）Abstract: Ｔｈｉｓ ｐａｐｅｒ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｈｉｇｈ ｇｏｌｄ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｇｏｌｄ ｅｌｅｍｅｎｔ ｆｌｏｗ， ａｎｄ ｃｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｏｆ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ， ａｆｔｅｒ ｈｉｇｈ ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ ｒｏａｓｔｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓａｍｐｌｅ ｔｈｅ １：１ ａｑｕａ ｒｅｇｉａ ｍｉｘ ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｌｅａｃｈｉｎｇ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｌｅａｃｈｉｎｇ ｔｉｍｅ ｏｆ ｓａｍｐｌｅ， ｔｈｅ ｏｓｃｉｌｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ ｔｉｍｅ， ｏｓｃｉｌｌａｔｉｏｎ ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ ａｎｄ ｒｅｌｅａｓｅ ａｇｅｎｔ ｔｈｉｏｕｒｅａ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ ａｒｅ ｏｐｔｉｍｉｚｅｄ， ｕｓｉｎｇ ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ａｎｄ ｌｉｑｕｉｄ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｈｉｇｈ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｇｏｌｄ ｆｏｒ ｃｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ． Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ： ｇｏｌｄ ｗａｓ ｄｉｓｓｏｌｖｅｄ ａｎｄ ｌｅａｃｈｅｄ ｉｎ ａ １：１ ｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ ｏｆ ａｑｕａ ｒｅｇｉａ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｇｏｌｄ ｗａｓ ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ ｂｙ ｆｌａｍｅ ａｔｏｍｉｃ ａｂｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ ｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｒｙKeywords: Ｇｏｌｄ ｏｒｅ； ｇｏｌｄ ｅｌｅｍｅｎｔ； ｌｅａｃｈｉｎｇ； ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ； ｒｅｌｅａｓｅ； ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅ ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎ； ｌｉｑｕｉｄ ｓｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ测定地质样品金矿石中的高含量金元素，采用的方法大致分为两种，一种为火试金重量法[1，2]，一种为氢醌滴定容量法[3-5]，这些方法实验流程长、操作复杂、化学试剂配置量大、测定过程繁琐干扰相多且对分析测试人员的工作经验要求较高。
血管支架材料及植入支架后影像学随访研究进展
Research progresses of different material endovascularstents and imaging follow-up after stent implantationRAO Yanzhi， GUO Qianwen， QI Xun*（Department of Interventional Therapy， the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University， Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province， Shenyang 110001， China）［Abstract］Endovascular stent implantation had become a major therapeutic option for heart， brain and peripheral vascular diseases.After stent implantation，CT angiography （CTA）and MR angiography （MRA）were often performed during follow-up to diagnose or predict relative complications as early as possible.The research progresses of different material endovascular stent and imaging follow-up after stent implantation were reviewed in this article.［Keywords］stent implanting； tomography， X-ray computed； magnetic resonance imagingDOI：10.13929/j.issn.1672-8475.2023.12.014血管支架材料及植入支架后影像学随访研究进展饶燕芝，郭倩文，戚勋*（中国医科大学附属第一医院介入治疗科辽宁省影像诊断与介入治疗重点实验室，辽宁沈阳 110001）［摘要］植入血管支架已成为治疗心、脑及外周血管疾病的主要方法。
journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry参考文献格式
journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry参考文献格式当您引用《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》期刊中的文章时，可以按照以下的参考文献格式进行引用：姓，名。
论文标题。
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry，卷号（期号），页码，出版年份。
例如：1. Smith, J. A. Recent Advances in Thermal Analysis. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 60(3), 789-801, 2012.如果您引用的是期刊的特定页面或文章段落，可以使用以下格式：文章作者。
文章标题。
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry，卷号（期号），页码，出版年份。
在《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》中的引用范围：起始页码-结束页码。
例如：1. Johnson, R. F. A Comparative Study of Thermal Conductivity in Metal Oxides. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 65(2), 356-369. In Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, pages 356-369, 2015.请注意，这只是一种标准的参考文献格式示例，您应该根据特定的引用样式（如APA、MLA或Chicago）进行格式调整。
介绍两个不同材料物品英语作文
介绍两个不同材料物品英语作文英文回答：Two Contrasting Materials: A Comparison of Wood and Metal.Wood and metal, two vastly different materials, exhibit unique properties that make them suitable for a myriad of applications. This essay will explore the distinct characteristics, advantages, and limitations of wood and metal, examining their physical, mechanical, and aesthetic qualities.Physical Properties.Wood is a natural material derived from trees and is composed of cellulose fibers and lignin. It is renowned for its low density, making it lightweight and buoyant. Metal, on the other hand, is a solid inorganic substance,typically consisting of iron, aluminum, or copper. Metalsare characterized by their high density and thermal conductivity.Mechanical Properties.Wood is a strong and durable material, capable of withstanding compressive and tensile forces. However, it is susceptible to moisture and can be prone to warping or rotting when exposed to excessive humidity. Metal, by contrast, is highly durable and resistant to corrosion. Its strength and rigidity make it ideal for applications requiring structural support and resistance to external forces.Aesthetic Qualities.From the warmth and charm of rustic timber to the sleek elegance of brushed steel, wood and metal offer distinct aesthetic appeals. Wood has a natural grain pattern that lends a sense of organic beauty, while metal can be polished or painted to achieve a variety of finishes, from matte to glossy.Applications.The versatility of wood and metal makes them indispensable in countless industries. Wood is commonly used in construction, furniture making, and musical instruments. Its insulating properties make it ideal for doors, windows, and cabinetry. Metal, on the other hand, is widely employed in automotive, aerospace, and architecture. Its strength and durability make it suitable for building bridges, skyscrapers, and airplanes.Comparative Advantages.Wood: Lightweight, aesthetically pleasing, renewable, and biodegradable.Metal: Durable, strong, corrosion-resistant, recyclable.Comparative Disadvantages.Wood: Susceptible to moisture, prone to warping or rotting.Metal: Dense, can be expensive, may require additional corrosion protection.Conclusion.Wood and metal are two materials that offer a wide range of properties and applications. Their distinct characteristics – from their physical and mechanical properties to their aesthetic qualities – make them essential materials in modern society. Whether used for construction, engineering, or decoration, wood and metal continue to shape the world around us.中文回答：两种对比材料，木材和金属。
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题和答案(第2套)
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题和答案（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) It hit a bird shortly after takeoff.B) Its crew members went on strike.C) It narrowly escaped a plane crash when turning around.D) Its captain got slightly injured during the forced landing.2. A) Panic.B) Nervous.C) Relieved.D) Contented.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He is now kept in a secure area.B) He has escaped the zoo once again.C) He has been caught a second time.D) He finally disappeared six days ago.4. A) Squeezed.B) Threatened.C) Disappointed.D) Frustrated.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It is condemned as a crazy idea.B) It is enriching the city’s night life.C) It is questioned by local residents.D) It is giving rise to safety concerns.6. A) Avoid entering one-way streets.B) Ensure the safety of pedestrians.C) Follow all the traffic rules drivers do.D) Give way to automobiles at all times.7. A) To ease the city’s busy traffic.B) To bring new life into the city.C) To add a new means of transport.D) To reduce the city’s air pollution.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Take it seriously.B) Discuss it regularly.C) Make it sound scary.D) Talk about it openly.9. A) By shopping around for the best deals.B) By making abstract sums relevant.C) By citing concrete examples.D) By visiting discount stores.10. A) Paying their kids to help with housework.B) Setting kids a good example by sharing chores.C) Giving kids pocket money according to their needs.D) Urging kids to deposit some of their gift money.11. A) The importance of cutting down family expenses.B) The need to learn important lessons from her elders.C) The delight in seeing their savings grow.D) The necessity of saving into a pension.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He is a successful businessman.B) He reviews books on political affairs.C) He has published a new bestseller.D) He has worked in several banks.13. A) The man’s ideas about education.B) The man’s academic background.C) The man’s attempts at drawing public attention.D) The man’s proposals to solve economic problems.14. A) To reduce students’ financial burden.B) To motivate all students to be successful.C) To give students incentive to excel in economics.D) To provide remedies for students’ poor performance.15. A) Improving school budgeting.B) Increasing tuition fees.C) Seeking donations.D) Raising taxes.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To show his sympathy towards people always being busy.B) To prevent people from complaining about being “busy”.C) To call on busy people to take care of themselves.D) To help busy people to sort out their priorities.17. A) Avoid saying we are busy.B) Reflect on their true purpose.C) Describe our schedule in detail.D) Respond as most busy people do.18. A) To show their achievements resulted from great efforts.B) To prove they stand out as accomplished professionals.C) To cover up their failure to achieve some purpose.D) To tell others a complete lie about their inability.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They will help one reduce fear.B) They should become so popular.C) They will be less challenging after a time.D) They should cover so many different types.20. A) To break one’s ultimate limits.B) To stop being extremely afraid.C) To avoid dangerous mistakes.D) To enjoy the sports to the full.21. A) By allowing our motivation to be at an all-time high.B) By stopping us hurting the same muscles repeatedly.C) By burning as many as 300 calories per hour.D) By enabling us to get an all-over workout.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is natural.B) It is instrumental.C) It is personal.D) It is vital.23. A) To guard against being perceived negatively.B) To prevent themselves from being isolated.C) To conceal personality preferences.D) To maintain workplace harmony.24. A) It helps to enhance team spirit.B) It stimulates innovative ideas.C) It helps to resolve problems.D) It facilitates policy-making.25. A) An innovative mind.B) Corporate culture.C) Mutual trust.D) A healthy mentality.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on “communicative abstraction” to verbally convey their ideas and emotions. Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers, reflects the tendency of people to use “abstract speech that focuses on the broader picture and____26____purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the meansof____27____action.” Interestingly, they found that men were far more likely to speak in the abstract than were women.To arrive at this____28____, the researchers examined the linguistic (语言的) patterns of men and women in over 600,000 blog posts written on websites. To do this, the researchers computed abstractness ratings for____29____40,000 commonly used words in the English language. Words considered to be concrete could be easily visualized, such as “table”or “chair”. Words that were more____30____to visualize, for example, “justice” or “morality” were considered to be more abstract. They found that men used____31____more abstract language in their blog posts.What is the____32____of this effect? The researchers suggest that power differences between the genders— that is, men having more power in society—might be a key determinant(决定因素). For instance, in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students, the researchers____33____power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence communicative abstraction. They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role. This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a____34____tendency of men or women butrather____35____within specific contexts.A) approximatelyB) attainingC) conclusionD) difficultE) emergesF) fixedG) ignoredH) legallyI) manipulatedJ) recommendedK) refrainingL) signalsM) significantlyN) sourceO) ultimateSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to better work towards long-term goalsA) Hal Hershfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren’t saving for retirement. Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they’ll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the U.S. have gone down in recent decades, not up.B) To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hershfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits (特征)—like “honorable” or “funny”—applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a futureother. As participants answered, Hershfield’s team recorded which parts of their brains lit up. Unsurprisingly, people’s brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other. But the team found that participants’ brain activity while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.C) Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely.D) In light of Hershfield’s study, one simple question arises: Is it possible to make our present selves give a damn about our future selves? The answers are anything but simple.E) Seen through the lens of the present self versus the future self, our self-defeating actions—like choosing to watch television rather than go to the gym—suddenly make perfect sense. We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely, our future selves) suffers the hypothetical(假设的), far-off consequences. As a result, the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves. We believe that tomorrow will be different. We believe that we will be different tomorrow; but in doing so, we prioritize our current mood over the consequences of our inaction for the future self.F) Understanding our procrastination (拖延) through the lens of the present and future selves, we’re left with three possible solutions: The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesn’t want to do. The second is to convince your present self that your future self is, in fact, still you. If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people, it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.G) In a follow-up study, Hershfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect between the present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement. He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces. Participants were then placed in a virtual reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30% more of their salary for retirement than the control group.H) Whatever your long-term goals may be—getting in better shape, launching your own business, writing a book—thinking about your deadline in terms of days rather than months or years can help you wrap your mindaround how close the future really is.I) The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present self’s love of instant gratification (满足感) to your advantage. While the two tactics (手段) above can be effective in making better long-term choices, in the end, you’re still struggling against human nature. Our brains are hard-wired for instant gratification. Instead of fighting your present self’s need for immediate rewards, why not use it to your advantage? When most of us set goals, we focus on long-term results we want to see—e.g., losing weight, getting a promotion, retiring in comfort, etc. While those visions of our future selves can be inspiring, when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work, it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of their immediate, or at least very near-term, rewards.J) Take writing this article, for instance. It’s easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done. This isn’t just my opinion. Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of the University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the wayside.K) “In one study, we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year. Most people set goals to achieve delayed, long-term benefits, such as career advancement, debt repayment, or improved health. We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal, as well as how important their goal was. We also asked whether they were still working on their goals two months after setting them. We found that enjoyment predicted people’s goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be,” Woolley said.L) This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods. For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits. Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of doing the exercise now rather than future health gains.M) These findings suggest that when it comes to achieving your goals, enjoying the process itself is more important than wanting the long-term benefits. In other words, present self trumps (战胜) future self. Who says instant gratification has to be a bad thing? By all means, set ambitious long-term goals for your future self, but when it comes to actually following through day-to-day, make sure your present self knows what’s in it for her too.36. Our brains are genetically determined to satisfy immediate desires.37. Taken in a practical way, saving for post-work years is like givingmoney away to others.38. Research found that, as regards achievement of one’s goals, it is important to focus more on enjoying the process than the long-term benefits.39. Regarding our future selves as still being ourselves will help us make better long-term decisions.40. Savings rates in America have dropped in recent decades even though people’s life expectancy has increased.41. Researchers found that enjoyment rather than importance enabled people to persist in their goals.42. When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.43. People ate more of a healthy food when they focused on its good taste instead of its longterm benefits.44. As was expected, when people thought of their present selves, their brains were observed to become more active.45. Researchers found that participants who saw the images of their aged selves would save more for their later years than those who didn’t.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior?I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it is possible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise.Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success.Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create good habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place,you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-today basis.The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. It’s easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something you’re passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and adopt those that do.Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?A) Keep it under control.B) Apply it continuously.C) Learn from entrepreneurs.D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?A) Out of habit.B) With determination.C) Like muscle building.D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis.B) Associating it with improving health.C) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.B) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay, products and services you purchase, and donations you make.Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage (资助), church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of U.S. clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets. Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter—all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely to end up favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research.So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.51. What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?A) Its foundation.B) Its rewards.C) Its prospect.D) Its funding.52. What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?A) They have little access to government funding.B) They can do research with limited resources.C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.D) They have no means for large-scale research.53. What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?A) They would be totally unbiased.B) They would be independently funded.C) They would be responsibly conducted.D) They would be strictly supervised.54. What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.55. What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历（the lunar calendar）起源于数千年前的中国，根据太阳和月亮的运行规律制定。
The study of the properties of metal complexes
The study of the properties of metalcomplexesMetal complexes are compounds formed by metal ions and ligands. They have unique properties that make them important in various fields like medicine, material science, nanotechnology, and environmental studies. Understanding the properties of metal complexes is crucial for designing new compounds with specific functions. In this article, we will discuss the important properties of metal complexes and their applications.Ligand Exchange ReactionsLigand exchange reactions are the most important properties of metal complexes. In these reactions, a ligand replaces another ligand from the metal ion, which results in the formation of a new complex. The rate of the ligand exchange reaction depends on the steric and electronic factors. Steric factors such as the size of the ligand and the geometry of the metal complex affect the rate of the reaction. Electronic factors such as the charge and the electronegativity of the ligand also play a crucial role.Applications: Ligand exchange reactions are important in catalysis and bioinorganic chemistry. Many catalysts use metal complexes because of their ability to undergo ligand exchange reactions. In bioinorganic chemistry, metal complexes play a crucial role in the transport and storage of metals in the body.Redox PropertiesRedox properties refer to the ability of a metal complex to undergo oxidation-reduction reactions. In these reactions, the metal ion changes its oxidation state, resulting in the formation of a new complex. The redox potential of a metal complex depends on the ligands and the metal ion. The presence of strong field ligands like cyanide and carbon monoxide increases the redox potential of the metal complex.Applications: Redox properties of metal complexes are important in electrochemistry and catalysis. In electrochemistry, metal complexes are used as mediators in the redoxreactions. In catalysis, many reactions are driven by the redox properties of metal complexes.Optical PropertiesOptical properties refer to the ability of a metal complex to exhibit color and luminescence. The color of a metal complex depends on the nature of the ligands and the metal ion. The presence of d-orbitals in the metal ion gives rise to the color of the complex. The luminescence of a metal complex depends on the energy gap between the ground and excited states.Applications: Optical properties of metal complexes are important in materials science, biology, and medicine. In materials science, metal complexes are used as dyes, pigments, and sensors. In biology, metal complexes are used as probes to study biological processes. In medicine, metal complexes are used as imaging agents and anticancer drugs.Structural PropertiesStructural properties refer to the geometry and bonding of a metal complex. The geometry of a metal complex is determined by the coordination number, the ligands, and the metal ion. The bonding in a metal complex can be classified as covalent, ionic, and dative.Applications: Structural properties of metal complexes are important in catalysis, material science, and environmental studies. In catalysis, the geometry and bonding of metal complexes determine their catalytic activity. In material science, the structure of metal complexes determines their thermal stability and mechanical properties. In environmental studies, the structure of metal complexes plays a crucial role in their toxicology and biodegradation.In conclusion, the study of the properties of metal complexes is crucial for their understanding and applications. The properties of metal complexes like ligand exchange reactions, redox properties, optical properties, and structural properties make them important in various fields like medicine, material science, nanotechnology, andenvironmental studies. Further research in this field will lead to the development of new compounds with specific functions.。
2种磁共振去伪影技术在不同材料金属烤瓷冠成像中的比较
2种磁共振去伪影技术在不同材料金属烤瓷冠成像中的比较李文晋;牛金亮;朱莉;王瑜;安颖;张双元【摘要】目的通过比较金属烤瓷冠在2种磁共振去伪影技术MRI成像中的伪影大小,探讨螺旋桨成像(propeller)-快速自旋回波T2加权(FSE T2WI)序列技术在降低金属伪影中的应用价值.方法收集存在右下颌第一磨牙金属烤瓷冠且行MRI头颅检查的患者48例,根据金属基底的不同将金属烤瓷冠分为镍铬合金烤瓷冠、钴铬合金烤瓷冠、纯钛烤瓷冠.48例患者均采用MRI扫描仪进行FSE T2WI序列扫描和propeller-FSE T2WI序列扫描,比例2种序列下金属烤瓷冠的MRI伪影面积大小.结果 propeller-FSE T2WI序列下各金属烤瓷冠形成的伪影面积均小于FSE T2WI 序列,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 Propeller-FSE T2WI技术能有效降低金属烤瓷冠的金属伪影.%Objective This study aimed to compare the porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown artifact in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the two magnetic resonance deartifact techniques in studying the application value of the propellerfast spin-echo T2-weighted sequence (FSE T2WI) in troubleshooting PFM crown artifacts.Methods A total of 48 patients with right mandible first molar crown who underwent MRI head examination were chosen as subjects in the study.According to different metal substrates, PFM crowns were divided to three types, namely, nickel-chromium alloy crown, cobalt-chromium alloy crown and titanium crown.The patients received two MRI scan sequences, that is, FSE T2WI and propeller-FSE T2WI sequences.The MRI artifacts areas in two sequences were measured.Results The difference between FSE T2WI and propellerFSE T2WI sequences in three kinds of PFM crown was significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Propeller-FSE T2WI sequence technique can effectively reduce the metal artifacts of various PFM crowns.【期刊名称】《华西口腔医学杂志》【年(卷),期】2019(037)001【总页数】4页(P66-69)【关键词】磁共振成像;金属烤瓷冠;螺旋桨成像;金属伪影【作者】李文晋;牛金亮;朱莉;王瑜;安颖;张双元【作者单位】山西医科大学第二医院口腔科, 太原 030001;山西医科大学第二医院影像科, 太原 030001;山西医科大学第二医院口腔科, 太原 030001;山西医科大学第二医院口腔科, 太原 030001;山西医科大学第二医院口腔科, 太原 030001;山西医科大学第二医院口腔科, 太原 030001【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R812磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）是头颈部病变的一项重要检查方法，然而金属材料（尤其是铁磁性物质）可引起局部磁化率变化，出现严重的金属伪影。
磁流体制备技术的研究现状及其存在问题
磁流体制备技术的研究现状及其存在问题叶荣昌1,刘书进2,高宏2,杨志伊2(1.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083;2.中国矿业大学机电与材料学院,江苏徐州221008)摘 要:根据磁性粒子种类的不同,对磁流体进行了归类,并对金属类磁流体与氮化铁类磁流体的制备方法进行了系统回顾,指出了存在的问题及解决的措施。
与铁氧体类磁流体相比,金属类磁流体与氮化铁类磁流体具有更高的饱和磁化强度,但是其抗氧化性较差,要实现真正的实用化,还须作进一步的完善。
关键词:磁流体;磁性粒子;铁氧体类;金属类;氮化铁类中图分类号:T B383 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000 3738(2003)03 0033 02Development and Problems of the Preparation of Magnetic Flu idsYE Rong chang1,LIU Shu jin1,GAO Hong2,YANG Zhi yi2(1.University of Science and Technolog y Beijing,Beijing100083;2.China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou221008,China)Abstract:M agnet ic fluids ar e classified into three categories according to t he so rt of mag netic part icles.T he meth ods of preparation of metal magnetic part icles and ir on nitride ones,the pr oblems and the measures that should be taken are par ed with ferrite magnetic fluids,metal magnetic fluids and iron nitride ones have higher satur at ion magnetization and lower oxidation stability.T herefor e,fur ther impro vement is still necessary fo r practical applications.Key words:magnetic fluid;ferrite magnet ic par ticle;metal magnetic particle;iron nitride magnet ic par ticle1 引 言磁流体又称磁性流体、磁性胶体或铁磁流体,是纳米材料的重要应用领域之一。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Supporting InformationA comparative study of different metal acetylacetonates covalently anchored onto amine functionalized silica: A study of the oxidation of aldehydes and alcohols to corresponding acids in waterRavinderpal Kour Sodhi, Satya Paul* and J. H. ClarkSpectral data of the compoundsBenzoic acid (Table 3, Entry 1): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.45–7.64 (m, 3H, H arom), 8.13 (d, 2H, H arom ); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 172.5, 133.8, 130.2, 128.4; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1670 (C=O stretch), 2950 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 122 (M+).4-Methoxybenzoic acid (Table 3, Entry 2): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 3.79 (s, 3H, OCH3), 6.85 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.94 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 168.7, 163.3, 131.8, 114.6, 55.2; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1690 (C=O stretch), 2995 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 152 (M+).4-Chlorobenzoic acid (Table 3, Entry 3): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.56 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.93 ( d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ166.4, 137.8, 131.1, 129.6, 128.7; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1687 (C=O stretch), 2985 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 156 (M+), 158 (M+2).4-Bromobenzoic acid (Table 3, Entry 4): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.66 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.95 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ165.4, 133.8, 131.1, 127.6, 128.7; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1685 (C=O stretch), 3010 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 200 (M+), 202 (M+2).Cinnamic acid (Table 3, Entry 5): 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.47 (d, 1H, =CH), 7.42-7.56 (m, 5H, H arom ), 7.81 (d, 1H, =CH); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 170.6, 148.0, 135.2, 126.4, 115.6; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1667 (C=O stretch), 2885 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 148 (M+).Furan-2-carboxylic acid (Table 3, Entry 6):1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ6.49-6.99 (m, 2H, H arom), 7.58 (dd, 1H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 161.7,148.2, 146.8, 120.7, 113.2; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1708 (C=O stretch), 3016 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 112 (M+).(Z)-3-Chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (Table 5, Entry 1):1H NMR (CDCl3): δ3.85 (s, 3H, OCH3), 6.50 (s, 1H, =CH), 6.98 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.73 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (CDCl3):δ 165.6, 162.1, 145.2, 129.3, 129.1, 113.1, 55.7; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1674 (C=O stretch), 2905 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 214 (M+), 216 (M+2).(Z)-3-Chloro-3-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylic acid (Table 5, Entry 2): 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 6.62 (s, 1H, =CH), 7.44 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.65 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (CDCl3):δ 165.9, 146.5, 135.1, 129.2, 127.5, 115.3; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1672 (C=O stretch), 2890 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 216 (M+), 218 (M+2).(Z)-3-Chloro-3-(4-nitrophenyl)acrylic acid (Table 5, Entry 3):1H NMR (CDCl3):δ 6.85 (s, 1H, =CH), 7.78 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.98 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 165.1, 146.2, 143.5, 126.5, 121.5, 110.6; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1680 (C=O stretch), 2877 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 227 (M+), 229 (M+2).2-Chloroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (Table 5, Entry 4): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6):δ7.43-7.68 (m, 3H, H arom), 8.05-8.71 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 169.4, 151.7,149.1, 140,133.4, 129.4,127.6, 125.3; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1720 (C=O stretch), 2925 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 207 (M+), 209 (M+2).4-Nitrobenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 5):1H NMR (DMSO-d6):δ8.15-8.30 (m, 4H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d):δ 165.8, 150.0, 136.4, 130.7, 123.7; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1695 (C=O6stretch), 3116 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 166 (M+).2-Nitobenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 6): 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 7.74-7.97 (m, 4H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d): δ 165.9, 148.4, 133.1, 132.4) 129.9, 127.3, 123.7; IR (νmax in cm-1):61683 (C=O stretch), 2888 (O-H stretch; ms (m/z): 166 (M+).4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 7): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 6.83 (d, 2H, H arom), 7.80 (d, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 169.4, 163.7, 131.7, 122.9, 115.8; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1688 (C=O stretch), 2921 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 138 (M+).2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 8): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 6.80–6.95 (m, 2H, H arom), 7.45–7.82 (m, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 172.1, 161.5, 135.2, 130.2, 118.7, 116.9, 112.7; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1678 (C=O stretch), 2905 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 138 (M+). 2,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 9): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ6.58 (d, 1H, H arom), 7.01-7.44 (m, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 169.7, 139.4, 136.2, 133.6, 131.5, 127.0, 126.8; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1688 (C=O stretch), 2895 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 191 (M+), 193 (M+2).3-Nitrobenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 10): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 7.77-8.45 (m, 4H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d): δ 165.9, 148.4, 133.1, 132.4, 129.9, 127.3, 123.7; IR (νmax in cm-1):61710 (C=O stretch), 2925 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 167 (M+).3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 11): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 3.79 (s, 3H, OCH3), 3.94 (s, 6H, 2 × OCH3), 7.18 (s, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ169.4, 150.7, 144.4, 56.5, 56.2; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1680 (C=O stretch), 3005 (O-H stretch; ms (m/z): 212 (M+).Butyric acid (Table 5, Entry 12): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ0.92 (t, 3H, CH3), 1.60 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.25 (t, 2H, CH2); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ177, 37.5, 18.1, 13.2; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1705 (C=O stretch), 2995 (O-H stretch; ms (m/z): 88 (M+).Glutaric acid (Table 5, Entry 13): 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ1.65 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.25-2.42 (t, 4H, -CH2); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6):δ177, 37.5, 18.1, 13.2; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1715 (C=O stretch), 3010 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 132 (M+).2-Methoxybenzoic acid (Table 5, Entry 14): 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 3.98 (s, 3H, OCH3), 6.73-7.11 (m, 2H, H arom), 7.49-8.02 (m, 2H, H arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 166, 158.3, 135.1, 133.4, 121.8, 117.5, 111.8, 56.6; IR (νmax in cm-1): 1690 (C=O stretch), 2995 (O-H stretch); ms (m/z): 152 (M+).。