(chinese)macroch29讲义presentation

串讲班讲义(s)

1. Patricia resentment. A anger 2 .the compiled .A written 3 .H e’s cultivatingD developing4 We markedA clear5. Her graceful A polite 6. I decent A good7. In converts B changes8. Many restred A limted 9. What prootion C advancement10. If miss D avoid11. There profoundD deep12 I funny D humorous13 the capturedA caught14 Such set up.C establish15 The merge A combineA Great Quake Coming? archive fault (断层) 16. the San fault lies A 17 .the 1906 A18. the than 3.5C 19 .earth B 20. san B 21. scientistC 22. a majorA rightNatural Gas fusil(矿物燃料) 23A. Popularity 24D. Clean25F. Nat 26B. supply27 deep B. beneath28 source F. for some29 gas E .as 30 increase C. by Walking to Exercise the Brain 58 to 77,31 Walking C conc32 AfterC more33 TheB the fitter34 It D 10 minutes35 ItB notNight of the Living Ants zombies(僵尸). 36. 3?C A 37. ts?C If 38. thesis, D the 39. is? B It 40. aboutB whatThe Iceman 1991 41. becauseC. the 42. 2?A. The 43. EXCEPTB. he44. icemanC. was 45. The A. robbersSemco At 21, secretaries. C .This (46) else. D .And (47). on. E. He (48). That year.A .Also, (49).It else. _ F .If (50).The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints whorls (萝状指纹) case Arel(51)online a A pr (52) lotoB treat(53) h the D drug (54), the officialsB for (55) 4 noD disti (56) sl _B sid (57) es. C He (58), nt C lo (59) w heC cau (60) asA no (61) peC w (62) it., C wh (63) as B tes (64) we D ca (65) itNight of the Living Ants When 1. 3 ? 1.C A 2. dead? B What3. ing?, A When 4. sis, D the 5. result A ItArctic Melt1. ph?1.D) Expand.2. mer? A) 4.2 m3D) 38 2/ers. A) St3D) Light 4D) Both 5C) WThe Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints1*B them D problem 3* A treat C drug 5*C for B marks 7*A printed D side 9*B Hence. 10*A begin D prescribe 12*C without D which 14*A updating B doesSmoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in teens 1B icre 2C emal3.B Although 4A effects 5.D about 6C located7. A groups8. C state9. D trouble 10. A asleep11. B imvers12. C deping13. B asstion14. D principally15. D important China to help Europe Develop GPS Rival 1 will offer a 2 funding 3 become 4by 5 ago 6 located 7 with 8 is due to 9 consist of 10 cost 11 called _12_officials_ 13_satellite_ 14 location . 15 let第八篇当代婚姻（C级）如今的婚姻出什么严重问题了吗？在过去50年中，美国的离婚率暴涨：现在几乎50%的婚姻以离婚告终，证据显示，情况还将持续恶化。

(chinese)macro-ch33-presentation

总需求曲线的斜率：总需求曲线的斜率：总结
物价水平的上升减少了物品与劳务的需求量，因为：
财富效应 (消费减少) 利率效应(投资减少) 汇率效应 (净出口减少)
总需求与总供给
P P2
P1 AD Y2 Y1 Y
15
为什么总需求曲线会移动
任何改变消费，投资， P 政府购买或净出口的事件—除开物价水平的变动—都会移动总需求曲线 P1 例如：股市繁荣使家庭觉得更富有，消费增加，总需求曲线向右移动
CHAPTER
33
经济学原理
N. 格里高利曼昆格里高利
总需求与总供给
Premium PowerPoint Slides by Ron Cronovich
© 2009 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning, all rights reserved
本章我们将探索这些问题的答案：本章我们将探索这些问题的答案：
Y2
Y
总需求与总供给
28
为什么短期总供给曲线的斜率重要
如果AS曲线是垂直的，AD的波动并不 Phi 引起产量或就业的波 Phi 动如果AS曲线向右上方倾斜，那么 AD曲线的移动的确影响产出和就业
Plo Plo Ylo Y1 AD1 ADlo Yhi Y P LRAS SRAS
ADhi
总需求与总供给
总需求与总供给
38
短期总供给曲线与长期总供给曲线
P
LRAS SRAS
Y = YN + a(P – PE)
在长期中， PE = P ，Y = YN.
PE
YN
总需求与总供给
Y
39
为什么短期总供给曲线会移动

macro-ch01-presentation_2010_11

TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS
9
Largely concerned with individual markets.
Like:
Microeconomics ---it takes a sectional view of economic activity
1. Determination of prices of individual
Scarcity
Choice Opportunity cost
The Economic Problem: Scarcity--needs and wants
Economics is concerned with the use of resources
to satisfy our needs and wants.
© 2010 South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning, all rights reserved
2010 update
“Economics is a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life”
---- Alfred Marshall
decisions?
What are the principles of how people interact? What are the principles of how the economy as a
whole works?
3
Economy. . .
. . . The word economy comes from a Greek word for “one who manages a household.”

Ch29Exchange(微观-范里安-(上海交通大学,赵旭 )课件

The Endowment Allocation
More generally, …
The Endowment Allocation
B 1
OB
B 2
A 2
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
B 2
A 2
The endowment allocation OA
A 1 A B 1 1
Other Feasible Allocations
Starting an Edgeworth Box
Starting an Edgeworth Box
A B Width = 1 1 6 2 8
Starting an Edgeworth Box
Height = A B 2 2
4 2 6
A B Width = 1 1 6 2 8
Feasible Reallocations
All
points in the box, including the boundary, represent feasible allocations of the combined endowments. Which allocations will be blocked by one or both consumers? Which allocations make both consumers better off?
OB
6 4 OA 6 8
A ( 6,4 )
The Endowment Allocation
2 OB
2
6 4 OA 6 8

B
( 2, 2)
The Endowment Allocation
2 OB

授课内容弹日期2009年9月29日

格彈性，一種是弧彈性法（arc elasticity），另一種是點彈性法（point elasticity）。弧彈性法：利用兩個價格與相對應數量之間的平均值來計算自身彈性的大小。點彈性法：利用單一點上對應的價格、數量與斜率來計算自身彈性的大小。
政大學公企中心財經學分班—管理經濟學 4
圖 3.1 弧彈性法
計技巧，其主要重點在於能將不同自變數的影響效果分別獨立出來。 D=b0+b1×P+b2×N+b3×A+b4×C 每個市場估計到的需求與實際需求量之間可能會有差異，而所形成的差異稱為殘差（residual）。 D-(b0+b1×P+b2×N+b3×A+b4×C)
政大學公企中心財經學分班—管理經濟學 29
然而，實際估計的結果不可能使所有的殘差都為零，一種最常被經濟學家使用的方法稱為最小平方法（method of least squares），並使所有殘差的平方和最小。
政大學公企中心財經學分班—管理經濟學 31
經濟涵義表3.9顯示平均價格為32.20元，而平均數量為
88.93個，所以在平均價格與平均數量下的自身價格彈性為： -0.48×32.30 = -0.17
政大學公企中心財經學分班—管理經濟學 6
自身價格彈性的特性第一：自身價格彈性是一個負數的絕對值。第二：自身價格彈性是一個純數值，其大小與
所使用的衡量單位無關。第三：當價格變動而需求量卻沒有受任何影響
時，彈性為零。相反，如果價格變動少，數量卻大幅變動，則
彈性會是負的無限大。
政大學公企中心財經學分班—管理經濟學 7
其中D為需求量，P為產品價格，N為該地區人口數目，A則為廣告支出金額，C則為競爭產品平均價格。b0是常數，b1到b4則是各項因素對需求的影響係數。最後，則代表剩下來未曾被包含在內的可能影響因素所產生的效果。

Ch29

Inflation and the Price Level
Figure 29.1 illustrates the distinction between inflation and a one-time rise in the price level.
Inflation and the Price Level
Demand-Pull Inflation
Real GDP increases, the price level rises, and an inflationary gap arises. The rising price level is the first step in the demandpull inflation.
Demand-Pull Inflation
A Demand-Pull Inflation Process Figure 29.3 illustrates a demand-pull inflation spiral. Aggregate demand keeps increasing and the process just described repeats indefinitely.
Demand-Pull Inflation
The money wage rises and the SAS curve shifts leftward. Real GDP decreases back to potential GDP but the price level rises further.
Cost-Push Inflation
The increase in aggregate demand shifts the AD curve rightward. Real GDP increases and the price level rises again.

princ-ch28-presentation

失业
40
内容提要
失业率是那些想要工作但没有工作的人所占的百
分比
不同人口群体的失业和劳工参与状况差别很大自然失业率是指失业率围绕它而波动的正常失业
率。周期性失业是失业率对自然失业率的背离，和短期经济波动相关
41
内容提要
自然失业率包括摩擦性失业和结构性失业当工人花时间去寻找合适的工作时，就会产生摩
失业
3
劳动力数据
劳工统计局（ BLS ）把受调查家庭中的成年人分为三个类别：
就业者：包括作为得到报酬的员工而工作的人，
在自己的企业里工作且得到报酬的人，以及在家族企业里工作但拿不到报酬的人
失业者：包括能够工作且在之前4周内努力找工
作但没有找到工作的人
非劳动力：不属于前两个类别的人
就业者失业者非劳动力 1.459 亿 8.5 百万 79.20 百万
6
主动学习 1
参考答案
劳动力 = 就业者 + 失业者 = 1.459 + 0.085 = 1.544 亿失业率 = 100 x (失业者人数)/(劳动力)
= 100 x 8.5/154.4
= 5.5%
7
主动学习 1
参考答案
2. 工人流动率
企业雇佣并培训新工人是有成本的。支付高工资可以鼓励工人留在原企业，减少流动率
失业
34
3. 效率工资
企业支付效率工资的四个原因：
3. 工人素质支付高工资可以吸引更好的求职者，从而提高劳动者的素质 4. 工人努力程度工人可以努力工作或偷懒。偷懒者如果被抓住，会被解雇。解雇偷懒者这种威胁管用吗？这取决于找到另一个工作的难易程度。如果市场工资高于均衡工资，市场上便不会有足够的工作岗位给想要工作的工人。因此工人会更加努力工作，而不偷懒

Standard microcellular presentation - v2.0

Greater China Cellular Infrastructure Division
Microcellular Presentation
Core Systems Engineering - GSM team
Motorola (China) Electronics Ltd Asia Pacific Cellular Infrastructure Group
MOTOROLA PROPRIETARY CONFIDENTIAL CHINA OPERATIONS
13
Greater China Cellular Infrastructure Division
Illustration of Handover Types
Macro - micro (1)* micro - Macro (2)* a) Rxlev or Rxqual HO (emergency) b) Secondary target for 3 “safety net” c) HO rate monitor Microcell Macrocell Macro - micro (5,6)*
Macro neighbor (2) Macro Neighbor (2) micro neighbor (4,5,6)
MOTOROLA PROPRIETARY CONFIDENTIAL CHINA OPERATIONS
9
Greater China Cellular Infrastructure Division
Frequency Hopping e.g. BBH, SFH, MRP Capacity
MOTOROLA PROPRIETARY CONFIDENTIAL CHINA OPERATIONS

ch32presentation开放经济的宏观经济理论

开放经济(jīngjì)的微观经济(jīngjì)实践
10
第十页，共44页。
外汇市场(wài huì shì chǎnɡ) ▪ 温习(wēnxí)： ▪
美国的真实汇率〔E〕权衡一单位美国物品与劳务能交流的本国物品与劳务的数量
▪ E 是外汇市场上美元的真实价值
开放经济的微观经济(wēi ɡuān jīnɡ jì)实践
E2
在E1，外汇市场对美元有 E1 超额(chāo é)需求
E 上升，外汇市场重新回到平衡
外汇市场
S = NCO
D2 D1
美元
开放经济的微观经济(wēi ɡuān jīnɡ jì)实践
28
第二十八页，共44页。
对日本汽车实行(shíxíng)出口配额的剖析
NX 发作了什么变化？什么也没发作！
假定 E 依然维持在 E1，NX 会上升，对美元的需求量也会添加
所说，r 上升而NCO添加
▪ 预算赤字会如何影响美国真实汇率和贸易余额？
15
第十五页，共44页。
自动(zìdòng)学习 2 参考答案
预算赤字增加NCO和美元的供应
真实汇率升值(shēngzhí) 净出口增加
由于最后NX = 0，预算赤字招致贸易赤字 (NX < 0)
外汇市场(wài huìshì S2c=hǎNnCɡO) 2
开放经济(jīngjì)的微观经济(jīngjì)实践
5
第五页，共44页。
资本(zīběn)净流出如何取决于真实利率
真实(zhēnshí)利率 r 是国际资产的真实(zhēnshí)收益
r 的降低使国际资产相关于 r 国外资产缺乏吸引力
资本净流出
美国人会置办更多的国外 r1

MacroModel(中级宏观经济学,香港中文大学)

• In equilibrium, we have Nd = Ns = N = h - l.
• Output is given by Y = zF( K, h - l ).
which is a relationship between output and leisure. • Y* is the level when l = 0.
• Equilibrium refers to the state when the actions of all consumers and firms are consistent.
Formal Definition: • A competitive equilibrium is a set of endogenous quantities C,
• Combining the two FOCs, we have U2( C, l ) - zF2(K, h - l ) U1( C, l ) = 0.
• Since = zF( K, hபைடு நூலகம்- l ) - w Nd and G = T, from the
budget constraint C = zF(K, h - l ) - G.
Step 2: Put the PPF together with the consumer’s indifference curves, so that we can analyze a competitive equilibrium in a single diagram.
Production Possibilities Frontier
Ns, Nd, T and Y, and an endogenous real wage w, such that, given the exogenous variables G, z, and K, the following are satisfied:

冀教版九年级上英语Lesson29课件缪婷

Position usage
Learn the usage of prepositions and understand their function and meaning in sentences.
Infinitive verb forms
Learn the forms and usage of infinitive verbs, and understand the grammatical function of infinitives in sentences.
Language
The text employees rich vocabulary and complex presence structures to accommodate the depth and emotion of the theme
Reading and improving the text
The summary includes practical examples and tips for students to apply the listening skills they have learned in their daily lives and academic settings
Vocabulary learning
点击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了演示发布的良好效果，请言简意赅地阐述您的观点。
TWO
New vocabulary
Lesson 29 Lesson 30 Lesson 31 Lesson 32 10 new words 15 new words 12 new words 8 new words
Carry out lifeboat drill

《宏观经济学教学课件》macro(8).ppt

4
8.1.1 失业的数据
失业是指有劳动能力的人找不到工作的状态就业是指处于受雇佣与“自我雇佣”的状态劳动力=失业者+就业者失业率是劳动力中没有工作又在寻找工作的
人所占的比率。
失业率失业人数1 0 0 % 劳动力
5
我国失业状况：城镇登记失业率变化状况
年 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 份 78 80 88 90 98 00 06 07 08 09 10 11
美国劳工部会于每个月第一个星期五公布非农就业报告。这份报告是美国劳工部通过家庭调查和机构调查两种方式获得的。前者取样数万个家庭，统计样本小，但反馈率较高，且在问卷中涉及年龄、学历、性别等信息，后者样本则较为庞大，有数十万个企业，反馈率相对较低，不过，通过对不同类型行业工资册的调查，可以获得较为详实的行业就业图景。
这份权威的就业报告提供失业率、月度新增就业人数、劳动参与率等非常重要的数据，对于大多数人来说，这已经足够了。如果希望了解得更清楚些，还可以查阅月度报告的每一个分项报表，诸如分行业、分年龄、分性别等的不同选项。
_______ 2012年11月22日 17:52 来源于财新网
11
调查失业率
城镇调查失业率是是国际劳工组织通用的一个指标，是反映城镇常住经济活动人口中，符合失业条件的人数占全部城镇常住经济活动人口的比率。其计算公式为：
第九讲国际经济的基本知识
第十讲国际经济部门的作用
第十一讲经济增长和经济周期理论
第十二讲宏观经济学在目前的争论和共识
1
第八讲失业与通货膨胀
失业和通货膨胀是现代经济中的两大宏观经济国际现象，也是两大重要问题。上一章总需求和总供给曲线未必相交于充分就业点上，即使偶然相交，它们的移动也会造成失业或通货膨胀。即失业或通货膨胀是市场经济难以避免的。本章将学习有关失业和通货膨胀相关化统计，早已为我们提供了样本。

princch29macroeconomicspresentation

U.S.
CHAPTER 29 THE MONETARY SYSTEM
7
The Structure of the Fed
The Federal Reserve System
consists of:
• Board of Governors
(7 members),
located in Washington, DC
banking system and regulates the money supply
▪ Monetary policy: the setting of the money
supply by policymakers in the central bank
▪ Federal Reserve (Fed): the central bank of the
CASE 2: 100% reserve banking system
Public deposits the $100 at First National Bank (FNB).
FNB holds 100% of deposit as reserves:
FIRST NATIONAL BANK
Assets
traveler’s checks, and other checkable deposits. M1 = $1.4 trillion (February 2008)
▪ M2: everything in M1 plus savings deposits,
small time deposits, money market mutual funds, and a few minor categories. M2 = $7.6 trillion (February 2008)

macro-ch15-presentation

In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions: How is unemployment measured?
What is the “natural rate of unemployment”? Why are there always some people unemployed? How is unemployment affected by unions and
BLS divides population into 3 groups:
•
employed: paid employees, self-employed, and unpaid workers in a family business
• •
unemployed: people not working who have looked for work during previous 4 weeks
experiences for different groups.
CHAPTER 15
UNEMPLOYMENT
8
Labor Market Statistics for Whites & Blacks,
March 2008
Adults (20 yrs & older) u-rate
White, male 4.1%
14
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
u-rate rises
2:
A. Sue lost her job, and begins looking for a new one.
A rising u-rate gives the impression that the labor market is worsening, and it is.

Ch29Exchange课件

worse off
Pareto-Optimality
The allocation is Pareto-optimal since the only way one consumer’s welfare can be increased is to decrease the welfare of the other consumer.

B 2
x
B 2
Adding Preferences to the Box
x
A 2
For consumer A.

A 2
OA

A 1
x
A 1
Adding Preferences to the Box
x
A 2
x
B 1

B 1
OB

A 2
OA

B 2

A 1
x
A 1
x
B 2
Edgeworth’s Box
Adding Preferences to the Box
x
A 2
For consumer A.

A 2
OA

A 1
x
A 1
Adding Preferences to the Box
x
A 2
For consumer A.

A 2
OA

A 1
x
A 1
Adding Preferences to the Box

A 2

B 2
42
6
A(6,4)
Width = 1 A 1 B 628 B(2,2)
The Endowment Allocation

留学生教学lesson29咱们带一束花去吧MicrosoftPowerPointPresentation概要

卡伦带了一瓶酒去，张华带了一束花儿去，他们（）带了礼物。

他是韩国人，她也是韩国人，他们（）是韩国人。
首都

都dōu already
现在都七点了，你怎么还不起床？都冬天了，你怎么穿chuān wear这么少？不冷吗？他都毕业bì yè graduate了，这么快！我都吃完了，他刚开始吃。
中国的白酒很烈liè。烈酒

喝醉hēzuì be drunk 他喝醉了。他醉了。

你不应该…… 少/多+v.

在你们国家……
不同的国家有不同的法律（fǎlǜ law）…… 比如bǐrú……for example; such as 酒和年龄nián lí ng age ……以上above;more than /……以下below;under

交通让为了堵车打车
事故
开车
打的
喝酒
是……的
This structure emphasizes the time, location, manner, etc. of an action that has already taken place or completed. 他是昨天从上海坐飞机回来的。
（4）A：听说他想去日本。 B：我…听说..(早) B：他….去..(早)
公共汽车gōnggòngqìchē

bus
公交车gōngjiāochē 坐zuò sit; take 你坐公交车还是坐地铁dì tiě？（或者）
座位zuòweìseat 座儿位儿让座儿让：give up sth. for the benefit of others. 请问，我到……，在哪一站下车？

14 29 演示文稿

爬树比赛
• Spread in rural areas in Germany, a kind of New Year customs - "tree-climbing game," the boys race along the bare tree climbing, first known as the "New Year's Hero," to show that rise higher and higher. • 在德国的农村流传着一种过新年的风俗－－“爬树比赛”，小伙子们顺着光秃秃的树比赛爬高，第一名被誉为“新年英雄”，以示步步高升。
Wear
德国人也很重视服装穿戴。工作时就穿工作服，下班回到家里虽可以穿得随便些，但只
要有客来访或外出活动，就一定会穿戴得整
洁。
Germans pay attention to clean and tidy, not only to keep their own small environment clean and tidy, but also attach great importance to the clean and tidy environment. 德国人很讲究清洁和整齐，不仅注意保持自己生活的小环境的清洁和整齐，而且也十分重视大环境的清洁和整齐。 In Germany, whether it's parks, streets, theatres or other public places, everything is clean and tidy.
柏林国际电影节，原名西柏林国际电影节，创办于1951年，与戛纳国际电影节、威尼斯国际电影节并称为欧洲三大国际电影节，最高奖项是“金熊奖”。其目的在于加强世界各国电影工作者的交流，促进电影艺术水平的提高