河南省焦作市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中联考英语试题
河南省南阳市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题
2023 年秋期高中三年级期中质量评估英语试题说明：1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题，满分95分)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，满分55分)两部分。
2. 将所有答案均按题号填涂或填写在答题卡或答题纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。
满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题, 共 95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want his pie served with?A. Cream.B. Cheese.C. Nothing.2. Who is the woman probably?A. A customer.B. An eye specialist.C. An online shop owner.3. Which jeans will the boy wear?A. The white ones.B. The black ones.C. The blue ones.4. What does the man think of the woman's hair?A. Short hair suits her.B. She should grow it long.C. Her hair grows slowly.A. Once.B. Twice.C. Three time.第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或读白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。
2023-2024学年河南省部分名校联盟高二上学期秋季期中检测英语试题
2023-2024学年河南省部分名校联盟高二上学期秋季期中检测英语试题The New Writers Flash Fiction Competition 2024 is open and we’re seeking your best stories of up to 300 words before January 31st,2024. You can find the full details about the competition on the New Writers Flash Fiction Competition 2024 page.There’s a tidy top prize of £．1,000 as well as £300 for the second-placed story and £200 for third. We’re also happy that famous author Stephanie Carty has agree d to be our head judge. You can check out details of her published works at her website: .The entry fees are £10 (one entry),£19 (two entries), or£27(three entries), with early bird entry fees (￡8/£15/£．22) available until 30th November, 2023. Note that £1 from each entry will be given freeto First Story, which is England’s leading creative writing charity for young people.The competition is open to people from anywhere in the world and there is no set theme or genre(类型), though it’s not a competition for “children’s stories”.Also, we want to make the competition accessible to as many writers as possible. We therefore have up to 50 free entries for low-income writers, available on a first-come, first-served basis, but remember to submit(提交) the entries before 15th January, 2024.Free entries are available to writers from low-income households. If you would like to apply for a freeentry,*******************************.ukbeforemiddayonMonday15thJanuary,2024.So if you would like to enter the Flash Fiction Competition and get the chance to win the top prize, head over to the competition page now. And please make sure that you read the full terms and conditions before entering. Good luck!1. How much is needed for an entry submitted in December, 2023?A．£8. B． £． 10. C．£15. D．£19.2. What can we know about this contest?A．It is a global competition. B．Its prizes come from a charity.C．Its target group is poor writers. D．It is organized by Stephanie Carty.3. What is a requirement for a free entry?A．It needs an application in advance.B．It must be around the given theme.C．It should be emailed to the judge directly.D．It must be submitted before 31st January, 2024.I was driving when I received a new email. Filled with expectation , I pulled over and eagerly opened it. My emotions quickly changed as I learned, for the sixth and final time, that I had beenrefused a promotion to full professor. I was sad that the place I worked in didn’t seem to value what I brought to the table.When I told my family that news at night, my children offered a surprising response. They were excited to see what I was going to do next, they said. They clearly knew long before I did that losing my application for a promotion would turn out to be the best thing that could have happened for me.To my surprise, having a final answer brought a welcome sense of closure. Once it was all over, I realized how tiring the process had been. For 15 months, I had spent hours every day trying to prove my worth to my university. I was underweight. My self-worth was at an all-time low. I just wanted to regain my fitness and happiness.I wrote a letter of resignation(辞职)—but instead of sending it, I saved it on my desktop, ready to attach it to an email at any moment. Because I love working in academic circles too much to quietly quit, I decided to carry on in my existing position for a while but put my own values first. I began to say no to work that wasn’t personally rewarding so I would have more time to spend with m y children, exercise, eat well, and sleep more. I disconnected from people in my life who are against my values, and developed my relationships with those who bring out the best in me.As my mental health improved, I rethought about my institution and concluded it was no longer serving me well. A month after that email, I found myself in the car again, experiencing another career-defining moment. This time the email brought a job offer with a promotion to full professor and more salaries from a famous university.4. What’s the children’s attitude to the author’s news?A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Unclear.5. What did the author do after being rejected?A．He posted a letter of resignation immediately.B．He prepared for the next application.C．He turned to his friends for more help.D．He focused more on personal health and joy.6. Which word can best describe the author?A．Unadaptable. B．Flexible. C．Imaginative. D．Generous.7. What lesson can be learned from the author’s experience?A．Hard work will pay off. B．Experience must be bought.C．He who does not advance loses ground. D．Misfortune may be an actual good turn. The dust settled earlier this week after attendees at the annual Burning Man festival were finally given the green light to leave after heavy rains turned the event grounds into a muddy pool that prevented tens of thousands of people from driving out. Festival goers were told to save food and water until the ground dried sufficiently for cars, trucks, and RVs to drive on.For some, the uncooperative weather may remain only an unfortunate footnote in the storied history of this increasingly popular arts and music festival, which has been happening since the1980s. But for others, it is a wake-up call that such huge events cannot escape from the cruel realities of global warming.One of Burning Man’s most well-known principles is to “leave no trace(痕迹)”, where partygoers are encouraged to pick up every bit of pieces and“ matter that is out of place” in order to leave the site in a good s tate. However, despite attendees’ efforts to leave no trace on the site itself, local residents in the nearest town, have spoken out about how their town has become a junkyard after the event.Then, there are the scientists who say that the site’s delicate(脆弱的) ecosystem is put under great pressure each year. Though the pale sands of the desert may seem like they don’t support much life, it’s actually an ancient, dried lakebed that reawakens under rain.In fact, during the festival’．s opening, a climate organization blocked traffic temporarily from entering the festival grounds, whose aim was to draw attention to the fact that the event produces about 100,000 tons of CO₂ a year—90% of that coming from travel as people drive and fly to reach the festival.Though Burning Man has taken measures to make the festival greener, some protesters(抗议者) are pointing out that it’s simply not enough. Burning Man as a phenomenon has clearly reached a crossroads. Given the real environmental impacts that it has year after year, it might be time for organizers and community members to rethink how the festival continues going forward.8. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 probably refer to?A．The storied history. B．The bad weather.C．The huge event. D．The global warming.9. What can be learned from paragraph 3?A．The partygoers are not responsible at all.B．Burning Man has set up the most famous principle.C．Local residents often have an argument with attendees.D．There is a gap between the organizers’ wishes and reality.10. Why did the climate organization prevent the entry of traffic?A．To reduce the risks of car accidents.B．To limit the number of attendees.C．To attract people’s attention to the festival.D．To raise people’s awareness of the carbon footprint.11. What can be the best title for the text?A．It Is Time to Rethink Burning Man B．Burning Man Is Losing Its AppealC．Global Warming Is Ruining Our Life D．Burning Man Met Heavy RainIn a box stands a baby black-tailed godwit, which is only a few days old and, in a few weeks, this bird will set off on an extraordinary journey. First, it will be carefully loaded into the back of a truck with nine other young godwits and driven 1,000 kilometers east to Poland. From there, it will join the local black-tailed godwits on a vast migration(迁徙), traveling 3,600 kilometers south to sub-Saharan Africa.In the process, this little bird will help answer a fundamental question that has been troubling shorebird biologist Theunis Piersm a for more than 30 years: Are godwits born with their migratory routes programmed into their genes(基因), or do they learn it from other birds?Piersm a and his co-workers raised dozens of wild black-tailed godwits they collected from nests in the Netherlands’ north. They equipped the birds with tiny devices and freed them to migrate. Half were let go from their home; the others were trucked to Poland. Every 36 hours, the birds’ solar-powered devices reported their locations to passing satellites—and on to the biologists’ c omputers. Throughout 2015 and 2016, the scientists tracked 80 godwits, and all but one of the birds trucked to Poland assumed the Polish birds’ route. By tracking the birds’ progress, Piersma proved his idea that social learning, not genes, is driving the godwits’ migration.Though how the birds are learning from each other remains unclear, Piersm a thinks the godwits are not simply following the crowd. Instead, he believes they are somehow sharing information of their route with each other before they leave.Piersm a believes that the key point of this work—that scientists have been overvaluing the contributions of genes to bird migration—can extend(扩展) beyond shorebirds to other groups, such as songbirds, whose migration routes are seemingly related to their genes.In a changing world, Piersma believes godwits’ ability to learn new migration routes may make them more adaptable.12. What were the baby birds used to do?A．To add to the diversity of the local species.B．To explore the main reason for birds’ migration.C．To test birds’ ability to adapt to the new surroundings.D．To find out the key factor in the selection of migratory routes.13. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “assumed” in paragraph 4?A．Guessed. B．Changed. C．Adopted. D．Avoided.14. Why did Piersma mention songbirds?A．To show the conclusion of the study is reliable.B．To point out the contribution of genes is great.C．To stress scientific discovery applies universally.D．To prove shorebirds have similar genes to songbirds.15. What is mainly talked about in the text?A．Birds migrate along the same route.B．Birds differ from one another.C．Birds can learn from each other when migrating.D．Genes play a great part in birds’ migration.How to Avoid Post-Vacation StressLike many of us, I turn to vacation as a way to re charge from the daily stress of my life. Vacation can offer us many benefits, from creating memories to disconnection to rest. 16But something that many of us forget to do is to put in place a post-vacation plan. A plan that allows us to slowly return to our pre-vacation life and work pace. Or, if we’．re lucky, a plan that allows us to reduce that real-world pace altogether. 17 Then focusing on your post-vacation plan is a must.Plan post-vacatio n leisure activities. There’s a tendency when we get back from vacation to feel like we should stop leisure activities for a while. 18 If you’ve felt that, that is not scientific. In fact, research finds that planning post-vacation leisure activities can help you remain a good state, especially if the activity encourages relaxation.19 Just as job stress can reduce our vacation return on investment, so can home-related stress. Before leaving for your vacation, anticipate(预期) the stress that might happen when you return and make preparations for them.Fridge empty and you’ll need to grocery shop when you’re back? Loa d up the Instacart basket before you leave and submit the order on your drive back home. Will it be the end of the month requiring you to pay bills? ．Schedule payment in advance for all bills electronically. 20 This will make you less stressed when you are back from vacation.In a word, while we are still in the height of vacation season, consider investing just as much forethought and time in planning the post-vacation transition as you do the actual vacation. Your well-being will thank you!Going on a honeymoon adventure is something lots of couples do. However, few of them have the ______ of saving a life. When Zachary Lazev and his wife made their way to Rome,everything______ . But things took a turn for a fellow passenger on their way back home.While on a United Airlines flight, an attendant asked passengers if there were any ______providers on board. Zachary, who is a doctor, didn’t ______ to leap into action.Two other emergency nurses ______ Zachary, all of them learning that a woman was suffering from dangerously low blood pressure. ______, they began to make use of the medical supplies they could ______.Despite the ______ they were able to provide for her, it became clear to Zachary that this passenger ______ so much more. In fact, her health had worsened to the point where he knew s he wouldn’t make it to their destination. ______ this, the plan e was turned around for an emergency landing in Paris. Back there, French EMS waited for her arrival.No one can ______ prepare for an emergency like this one. Zachary expressed his ______ to his college and his hospital for the ______ he needed at that moment.“We usually work in the operating rooms, a ______ environment,” Zachary said. “This certainly isn’t, but I will say sometimes you can ______ yourself by doing what you never think you’re able to do.”21.A．dream B．ability C．experience D．duty22.A．sped up B．came back C．worked out D．took off23.A．healthcare B．finance C．technology D．training24.A．hesitate B．expect C．forget D．stop25.A．reminded B．introduced C．invited D．joined26.A．Rather B．Together C．Still D．Moreover27.A．reach B．change C．examine D．afford28.A．suggestions B．support C．evidence D．opportunities29.A．donated B．achieved C．wasted D．needed30.A．Apart from B．Due to C．Instead of D．As for31.A．merely B．slightly C．truly D．immediately32.A．intention B．determination C．appreciation D．apology33.A．knowledge B．time C．equipment D．patience34.A．learning B．controlled C．crowded D．public35.A．adjust B．protect C．cure D．amaze阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
河南省焦作市第一中学2024届高三上学期11月月考数学试题
河南省焦作市第一中学2024届高三上学期11月月考数学试题一、单选题1．已知集合{}{}223,log 1M x x N x x =-≤≤=≤，则M N =I （ ）A ．[2,3]-B ．[2,2]-C ．(0,2]D ．(0,3] 2．若0,0a b >>，则“1ab <”是“1a b +<”的（ ）A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件3．若3tan 4α=，则21sin 212sin αα+=-（ ） A ．17- B ．7- C ．17 D ．74．已知ABC V 是边长为1的等边三角形，点D ，E 分别是边,AB BC 的中点，连结DE 并延长到点F ，使得2DE EF =，则AF BC ⋅u u u r u u u r 的值为（ ）A ．18-B ．18C ．1D ．8-5．定义方程()()f x f x '=的实数根0x 叫做函数()f x 的“躺平点”.若函数()ln g x x =，3()1h x x =-的“躺平点”分别为α，β，则α，β的大小关系为（ ）A ．αβ≥B ．αβ>C ．αβ≤D ．αβ<6．已知x ，y 为非零实数，向量a r ，b r 为非零向量，则“a b a b +=+r r r r ”是“存在非零实数x ，y ，使得0xa yb +=r r r ”的（ ）A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件7．在ABC V 中，AB AC ⊥u u u r u u u r ，且AB AC ==u u u r u u u r ，M 是BC 的中点，O 是线段AM 的中点，则()OA OB OC ⋅+u u u r u u u r u u u r 的值为（ ）A ．0B ．C ．12-D ．28．如图，圆M 为ABC V 的外接圆，4AB =，6AC =，N 为边BC 的中点，则AN AM ⋅=u u u r u u u u r （ ）A ．5B ．10C ．13D ．26二、多选题9．已知实数a 满足，3i 2i 1i a +=+-（i 为虚数单位），复数(1)(1)i z a a =++-，则（ ） A ．z 为纯虚数 B ．2z 为虚数 C ．0z z += D ．4z z ⋅= 10．已知不等式2210x ax b ++->的解集是{}x x d ≠，则b 的值可能是（ ）A ．1-B ．3C ．2D ．011．关于函数()sin |||cos |f x x x =+有下述四个结论，则（ ）A ．()f x 是偶函数B ．()f x 的最小值为1-C ．()f x 在[2,2]ππ-上有4个零点D ．()f x 在区间,2ππ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭单调递增 12．如图，正方形ABCD 与正方形DEFC 边长均为1，平面ABCD 与平面DEFC 互相垂直，P 是AE 上的一个动点，则（ ）A ．CPB ．当P 在直线AE 上运动时，三棱锥D BPF-的体积不变C ．PD PF +D ．三棱锥A DCE -的外接球表面积为3π三、填空题13．已知曲线e ln x y m x x =+在1x =处的切线方程为3y x n =+，则n =.14．已知数列{}n a 是等差数列，1370,30a a a >+=，则使0n S >的最大整数n 的值为. 15．某区域规划建设扇形观景水池，同时紧贴水池周边建设一圈人行步道.要求总预算费用24万元，水池造价为每平方米400元，步道造价为每米1000元（不考虑宽度厚度等因素），则水池面积最大值为平方米.16．已知()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数，且(1)()f x f x -=，则()f x 的最小正周期为；若对任意的121,0,2x x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，当时12x x ≠，都有()()1212f x f x x x π->-，则关于x 的不等式()sin f x x π≤在区间33,22⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上的解集为.四、解答题17．已知向量2sin ,2sin 4a x x π⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭r，向量cos sin )b x x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭r ，记()()f x a b x =⋅∈R r r .(1)求()f x 表达式；(2)解关于x 的不等式()1f x ≥.18．记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，已知11,n n S a a ⎧⎫=⎨⎬⎩⎭是公差为13的等差数列． (1)求{}n a 的通项公式；(2)证明：121112na a a +++<L ． 19．ABC V 中，sin 2A －sin 2B －sin 2C =sin B sin C ．(1)求A ；(2)若BC =3，求ABC V 面积的最大值．20．已知数列{}n a 满足111,22n n na a a a +==-． (1)若11n nb a =-，证明数列{}n b 为等比数列，并求通项公式n b ； (2)数列{}nc 的前n 项和为(1)1,2(*)2n n n n S c b n N -+=+∈，求2n S ． 21．有人收集了春节期间平均气温x 与某取暖商品销售额y 的有关数据，如下表所示．(1)根据以上数据，用最小二乘法求出回归方程$$y bxa =+$； (2)预测平均气温为9C ︒-时，该商品的销售额为多少万元． ()()()$1122211,n ni i i ii i n n ii i i x x y y x y nx y b a y bx x x x nx ====---===---∑∑∑∑$$ 22．设函数()()ln f x a x =-，已知0x =是函数()y xf x =的极值点． （1）求a ；（2）设函数()()()x f x g x xf x +=．证明:()1g x <．。
2023-2024学年河南省焦作市高二(上)期中数学试卷【答案版】
2023-2024学年河南省焦作市高二（上）期中数学试卷一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．已知集合A ={−3，−2，1，3}，B ={x|3x ＜19}，则A ∩B ＝（ ） A ．{﹣3，﹣2}B ．{﹣3}C ．{3}D ．{1，3}2．已知双曲线C ：x 24−y 2b2=1(b ＞0)的一条渐近线与直线x ﹣3y ﹣2＝0平行，则b ＝（ ）A ．36B ．4√2C ．6D ．233．已知a ，b ∈R ，若z 1=a−i1+i与z 2＝b ﹣3i 是共轭复数，则a ＝（ ） A ．﹣7B ．﹣4C ．2D ．54．图1所示的明矾晶体可近似看作一个正八面体P ﹣ABCD ﹣Q （图2），其中P ﹣ABCD ，Q ﹣ABCD 均为所有棱长都相等的正四棱锥，若AB →=a →，AD →=b →，AP →=c →，则PQ →=（ ）A ．a →+b →+2c →B ．2a →+2b →+2c →C ．−a →−b →+2c →D ．a →+b →−2c →5．已知直线l ：y ＝2x 与圆C ：x 2+y 2+2x ﹣4ay +1＝0（a ≠0）交于A ，B 两点，且点C 到直线l 的距离等于|AB |，则a 的值为（ ） A ．1 B ．2√5+4C ．1或−13D ．2√5+4或2√5−46．已知椭圆C ：x 225+y 29=1的右焦点为F ，点E （0，2），点P 是C 上的动点，则|PF |+|PE |的最小值为（ ） A ．5B ．10−2√5C ．10D ．10+2√57．已知点A （﹣3，0），B （3，0），若在直线l 上有唯一点P 满足P A ⊥PB ，且有唯一点Q 满足|QA |＝2|QB |，则符合条件的l 有（ ） A ．4条B ．3条C ．2条D ．1条8．已知正六边形ABCDEF ，把四边形ABCD 沿直线AD 翻折，使得点B ，C 到达B 1，C 1且二面角B 1﹣AD﹣E 的平面角为120°．若点A ，B 1，C 1，D ，E ，F 都在球O 1的表面上，点O 1，B 1，C 1，E ，F 都在球O 2的表面上，则球O 2与球O 1的表面积之比为（ ） A ．34B ．43C ．√3D ．√32二、选择题（共4小题，每小题5分，满分20分） 9．已知双曲线C ：x 2a 2−y 24=1(a ＞0)，当a 变动时，下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．C 的焦点恒在x 轴上 B ．C 的焦距恒大于4C ．C 的离心率恒大于2D ．C 的一个焦点到其中一条渐近线的距离不变10．已知在平面直角坐标系中，点A （x 1，y 1），B （x 2，y 2）是不重合的两点，则下列结论错误的是（ ） A ．直线AB 的方程为y−y 1x−x 1=y 2−y 1x 2−x 1B ．若2x 1﹣y 1﹣1＝0，2x 2﹣y 2﹣1＝0，则直线AB 的方程为2x ﹣y ﹣1＝0C ．若3x 1﹣y 1﹣1＝0，3x 2﹣y 2+4＝0，则|AB |的值可以是√2D ．若x 12+y 12=x 22+y 22=4，y 1x 1−3=y2x 2−3，且|AB |是定值，则直线AB 有2条11．已知空间直角坐标系O ﹣xyz 中，点A （1，0，1），B （﹣1，﹣1，2），C （0，1，2），则下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．直线AB 的一个方向向量的坐标为（2，1，﹣1）B ．直线AC 与平面xOy 的交点坐标为（2，1，0） C ．点B 关于平面yOz 的对称点为B ′（1，﹣1，2）D ．∠BAC 为钝角12．已知函数f(x)={sin 2x cosx ，x ≠π2+kπ，cosx ，x =π2+kπ(k ∈Z)，则下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．f （x ）在区间(0，π2)上单调递增 B ．若f （α）＝1，则cos α有2个不同的取值 C ．f （x ）的图象关于点(π2，0)对称D ．若f （x ）在区间（0，x 0）上有且仅有10个零点，则x 0的取值范围是(5π，11π2) 三、填空题（共4小题，每小题5分，满分20分）13．若函数f(x)=log 3(9x +1)+(ax +3)2是偶函数，则实数a ＝ ．14．已知点O （0，0，0），A （2，0，1），B （﹣1，0，2），则△OAB 的面积为 ．15．著名数学家笛卡尔曾经给出一个四圆相切的定理：半径分别为r 1，r 2，r 3的三个圆两两外切，同时又都与半径为r 4的圆外切，则2(1r 1r 2+1r 1r 3+1r 1r 4+1r 2r 3+1r 2r 4+1r 3r 4)=1r 12+1r 22+1r 32+1r 42．已知O 1（﹣2，0），O 2(2，0)，O 3(0，32)，若圆O 1，O 2，O 3两两外切，且都与圆O 4外切，其中圆O 1，O 2的半径相等，则圆O 4的标准方程为 ． 16．已知椭圆C 1：x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1（a ＞b ＞0）与抛物线C 2：y 2＝2px （p ＞0）交于点A ，B ，直线AB 与x 轴的交点既是C 1的右焦点，也是C 2的焦点，点A ，B 关于原点的对称点分别为A '，B '，点P 是C 1上与A ，A '，B ，B '均不重合的点，记直线P A ，P A '的斜率分别为k ，k '，则kk '−4kk′= ． 四、解答题：共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17．（10分）某沙漠地区每年有2个月属于雨季，10个月属于旱季．经过初步治理该沙漠地区某年旱季的月降水量（单位：mm ）依次达到12.1，12.0，10.4，10.5，12.5，14.1，14.3，14.3，16.7，18.1．记这组数据的第40百分位数与平均数分别为m ，x ． （1）求m ，x ；（2）已知雨季的月降水量均大于旱季的月降水量，该沙漠地区人工种植了甲、乙两种植物，当月降水量低于12.0mm 时甲种植物需要浇水，当月降水量低于15.0mm 时乙种植物需要浇水，求这一年的某月甲、乙两种植物都需要浇水的概率及二者中有植物需要浇水的概率．18．（12分）在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知点F （﹣2，0），直线l ：x ＝3，动点P （x ，y ）（x ≤0）到l 的距离等于|PF |+1．设动点P 的轨迹为曲线C ． （1）求C 的方程；（2）若直线x ＝my ﹣4与曲线C 交于A ，B 两点，证明：OA →⋅OB →为定值．19．（12分）如图，在三棱柱ABC ﹣A 1B 1C 1中，侧面ABB 1A 1与侧面ACC 1A 1都是菱形，AA 1＝AB 1＝2，∠BAC ＝∠AA 1C 1＝120°．记AB →=a →，AA 1→=b →，AC →=c →． （1）用a →，b →，c →表示AB 1→，BC 1→，并证明BC 1⊥AB 1； （2）若D 为棱A 1C 1的中点，求线段BD 的长．20．（12分）在△ABC 中，点D 是BC 边上一点，BD ＝2AD ，AD ＝2DC ． （1）求证：5AB 2+20AC 2＝8BC 2；（2）若∠BAC 是锐角，∠BAD ＝∠CAD 且AB +AC ＝5，△ABC 的面积为4825，求sin B ．21．（12分）如图，在四棱台ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中，四边形ABCD 是边长为4的正方形，AA 1＝5，A 1B 1＝3，AA 1⊥平面ABCD ，E 为CC 1的中点． （1）求直线AC 1与平面B 1CD 1所成角的正弦值；（2）若平面α经过BE 且与AC 1平行，求点B 1到平面α的距离．22．（12分）已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1（a ＞b ＞0）经过A 1(√2，0)，A 2(√2，1)，A 3(√2，−1)，A 4(0，√2)中的3个点． （1）求C 的方程．（2）若直线x ＝ty +√2(t ≠0)与C 交于点M ，N ，点M 关于x 轴的对称点为M '，点D 是△MNM '的外接圆圆心，判断在x 轴上是否存在定点P ，使得|DP||MN|为定值．若存在，求出点P 的坐标及|DP||MN|的值；若不存在，请说明理由．2023-2024学年河南省焦作市高二（上）期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．已知集合A ={−3，−2，1，3}，B ={x|3x ＜19}，则A ∩B ＝（ ） A ．{﹣3，﹣2}B ．{﹣3}C ．{3}D ．{1，3}解：因为不等式3x ＜19可化为3x ＜3﹣2，解得x ＜﹣2，则B ＝（﹣∞，﹣2），所以A ∩B ＝{﹣3}． 故选：B ．2．已知双曲线C ：x 24−y 2b 2=1(b ＞0)的一条渐近线与直线x ﹣3y ﹣2＝0平行，则b ＝（ ）A ．36B ．4√2C ．6D ．23解：由题设，双曲线渐近线为y =±b2x （b ＞0），其中一条与y =13x −23平行，所以b2=13⇒b =23．故选：D ．3．已知a ，b ∈R ，若z 1=a−i1+i与z 2＝b ﹣3i 是共轭复数，则a ＝（ ） A ．﹣7B ．﹣4C ．2D ．5解：由题设z 1=a−i1+i =(a−i)(1−i)(1+i)(1−i)=a−1−(a+1)i2，与z 2＝b ﹣3i 是共轭复数， 所以a+12=−3⇒a =−7．故选：A ．4．图1所示的明矾晶体可近似看作一个正八面体P ﹣ABCD ﹣Q （图2），其中P ﹣ABCD ，Q ﹣ABCD 均为所有棱长都相等的正四棱锥，若AB →=a →，AD →=b →，AP →=c →，则PQ →=（ ）A ．a →+b →+2c →B ．2a →+2b →+2c →C ．−a →−b →+2c →D ．a →+b →−2c →解：连接AC ，BD 交于点O ，如图所示：则AO →=12AC →=12(AB →+AD →)，PQ →=2PO →=2（AO →−AP →）＝2[12（AB →+AD →）−AP →]=AB →+AD →−2AP →=a →+b →−2c →．故选：D ．5．已知直线l ：y ＝2x 与圆C ：x 2+y 2+2x ﹣4ay +1＝0（a ≠0）交于A ，B 两点，且点C 到直线l 的距离等于|AB |，则a 的值为（ ） A ．1 B ．2√5+4C ．1或−13D ．2√5+4或2√5−4解：圆C ：x 2+y 2+2x ﹣4ay +1＝0（a ≠0）即（x +1）2+（y ﹣2a ）2＝4a 2（a ≠0）， 所以圆心C （﹣1，2a ），半径r ＝|2a |， 则圆心到直线l ：y ＝2x 的距离d =|−2−2a|5， 因为点C 到直线l 的距离等于|AB |，所以d 2+(d2)2=r 2， 即(|−2−2a|√5)2+(|−1−a|√5)2=4a 2，解得a ＝1或a =−13． 故选：C ． 6．已知椭圆C ：x 225+y 29=1的右焦点为F ，点E （0，2），点P 是C 上的动点，则|PF |+|PE |的最小值为（ ） A ．5B ．10−2√5C ．10D ．10+2√5解：设F 1为椭圆的左焦点，则F 1（﹣4，0）， 由椭圆的定义可得|PF 1|+|PF |＝2×5＝10， 则|PF |＝10﹣|PF 1|，即|PF |+|PE |＝10+|PE |﹣|PF 1|， 又||PE|−|PF 1||≤|EF 1|=√(−4)2+22=2√5， 则−2√5≤|PE|−|PF 1|≤2√5，则|PF |+|PE |＝10+|PE |﹣|PF 1|≥10−2√5，当且仅当点P 在EF 1的延长线上时取等号， 即|PF |+|PE |的最小值为10−2√5． 故选：B ．7．已知点A （﹣3，0），B （3，0），若在直线l 上有唯一点P 满足P A ⊥PB ，且有唯一点Q 满足|QA |＝2|QB |，则符合条件的l 有（ ） A ．4条B ．3条C ．2条D ．1条解：若P A ⊥PB ，则P 在以AB 为直径的圆上，对应方程为x 2+y 2＝9，令Q （x ，y ），由题设有（x +3）2+y 2＝4（x ﹣3）2+4y 2，整理得（x ﹣5）2+y 2＝16， 所以直线l 与圆x 2+y 2＝9、（x ﹣5）2+y 2＝16均有且只有一个交点，即直线与两圆都相切， 又两圆圆心距离为5，半径之和为7，故两圆相交，它们的公切线有2条， 所以符合条件的l 有2条． 故选：C ．8．已知正六边形ABCDEF ，把四边形ABCD 沿直线AD 翻折，使得点B ，C 到达B 1，C 1且二面角B 1﹣AD ﹣E 的平面角为120°．若点A ，B 1，C 1，D ，E ，F 都在球O 1的表面上，点O 1，B 1，C 1，E ，F 都在球O 2的表面上，则球O 2与球O 1的表面积之比为（ ） A ．34B ．43C ．√3D ．√32解：由题设，若O 1为AD 中点，则OA ＝OB 1＝OC 1＝OD ＝OE ＝OF ， 令正六边形的边长为2，则球O 1的半径r ＝2，过C 1作C 1G ⊥DO 1于G ，连接EG ，由正六边形性质，△DC 1O 1，△EDO 1都为等边三角形， 所以G 为DO 1的中点，故EG ⊥DO 1，则二面角B 1﹣AD ﹣E 的平面角为∠EGC 1＝120°， GC 1=EG =√3，故C 1E ＝3，又C 1G ∩EG ＝G ，C 1G ，EG ⊂面EGC 1，故DO 1⊥面EGC 1，即DA ⊥面EGC 1， C 1E ⊂面EGC 1，则DA ⊥C 1E ，而B 1C 1∥DA ∥EF ，故B 1C 1⊥C 1E ，EF ⊥C 1E ， 由B 1C 1＝EF ＝2，故B 1C 1EF 为矩形，其对角线长为√13，由O 2是O 1﹣B 1C 1EF 外接球球心，故O 2必在O 1与底面B 1C 1EF 中心的连线上， 设球O 2的半径O 1O 2＝B 1O 2＝C 1O 2＝EO 2＝FO 2＝R ，如上图示，所以O 1O 2=√C 1O 12−(132)2+√C 1O 22−(132)2，即R =√4−134+√R 2−134=√32+√R 2−134，故(R −√32)2=R 2−134⇒R 2−√3R +34=R 2−134⇒R =43， 所以球O 1与球O 1的表面积之比为R 2r 2=43．故选：B ．二、选择题（共4小题，每小题5分，满分20分） 9．已知双曲线C ：x 2a 2−y 24=1(a ＞0)，当a 变动时，下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．C 的焦点恒在x 轴上 B ．C 的焦距恒大于4C ．C 的离心率恒大于2D ．C 的一个焦点到其中一条渐近线的距离不变解：由双曲线C ：x 2a2−y 24=1(a ＞0)，焦点在x 轴上，A 对；c =√a 2+4＞2，故焦距2c ＞4，B 对； 离心率e =c a =√1+4a2∈(1，+∞)，C 错； 由渐近线为y =±2ax ，即ay ±2x ＝0，焦点坐标为（±c ，0），所以一个焦点到其中一条渐近线的距离d =2√a 2+4√4+a 2=2，D 对．故选：ABD ．10．已知在平面直角坐标系中，点A （x 1，y 1），B （x 2，y 2）是不重合的两点，则下列结论错误的是（ ） A ．直线AB 的方程为y−y 1x−x 1=y 2−y 1x 2−x 1B ．若2x 1﹣y 1﹣1＝0，2x 2﹣y 2﹣1＝0，则直线AB 的方程为2x ﹣y ﹣1＝0C ．若3x 1﹣y 1﹣1＝0，3x 2﹣y 2+4＝0，则|AB |的值可以是√2D ．若x 12+y 12=x 22+y 22=4，y 1x 1−3=y2x 2−3，且|AB |是定值，则直线AB 有2条解：A ：当x 1＝x 2时，直线方程不能用y−y 1x−x 1=y 2−y 1x 2−x 1表示，错；B ：由题设，不重合的点A ，B 在直线2x ﹣y ﹣1＝0上，故直线AB 的方程为2x ﹣y ﹣1＝0，对；C ：由题设，A （x 1，3x 1﹣1），B （x 2，3x 2+4），则|AB|=√(x 1−x 2)2+[3(x 1−x 2)−5]2， 所以|AB|=√10[(x 1−x 2)−32]2+52≥√102＞√2，错； D ：由题设，不重合的点A ，B 在圆x 2+y 2＝4上，且与点C （3，0）所成直线斜率相同， 所以A ，B ，C 共线，而C 在圆x 2+y 2＝4外，只需过C 的直线y ＝k （x ﹣3）与圆有两个交点即可，如下图示，若|AB |是定值且为4时，结合圆的性质知：此时直线AB 有1条，而定值不为4时有2条，错．故选：ACD ．11．已知空间直角坐标系O ﹣xyz 中，点A （1，0，1），B （﹣1，﹣1，2），C （0，1，2），则下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．直线AB 的一个方向向量的坐标为（2，1，﹣1）B ．直线AC 与平面xOy 的交点坐标为（2，1，0） C ．点B 关于平面yOz 的对称点为B ′（1，﹣1，2）D ．∠BAC 为钝角解：对于A ，由AB →=(−2，−1，1)，而−AB →=(2，1，−1)， 故直线AB 的一个方向向量为（2，1，﹣1），故A 正确；对于B ，由AC →=(−1，1，1)，令直线AC 与平面xOy 的交点D （x ，y ，0）， 则AD →=(x −1，y ，−1)， ∴x−1−1=y 1=−11⇒{x =2y =−1，即交点D （2，﹣1，0），故B 错误；对于C ，点B 关于平面yOz 的对称点为B ′（1，﹣1，2），故C 正确； 对于D ，由cos ∠BAC =AB →⋅AC →|AB →||AC →|=2√6×√30，故∠BAC 为锐角，故D 错误． 故选：AC ．12．已知函数f(x)={sin 2x cosx ，x ≠π2+kπ，cosx ，x =π2+kπ(k ∈Z)，则下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．f （x ）在区间(0，π2)上单调递增 B ．若f （α）＝1，则cos α有2个不同的取值 C ．f （x ）的图象关于点(π2，0)对称D．若f（x）在区间（0，x0）上有且仅有10个零点，则x0的取值范围是(5π，11π2)解：当x≠π2+kπ时，f(x)=1−cos2xcosx=1cosx−cosx，f（x+2π）=1cos(x+2π)−cos(x+2π)=1cosx−cosx，所以f（x+2π）＝f（x），当x=π2+kπ，k∈Z时，f（x+2π）＝f（x）也成立，故f（x）是周期为2π的函数，f′（x）=sinxcos2x +sinx=sinx(1+1cos2x)，当x∈(0，π2)时，f′（x）＞0，则f（x）单调递增，且f（x）＞0，故A正确；当x∈(π2，π)时，f′（x）＞0，则f（x）单调递增，且f（x）＜0，当x∈(π，32π)时，f′（x）＜0，则f（x）单调递减，且f（x）＜0，当x∈(32π，2π)时，f′（x）＜0，则f（x）单调递减，且f（x）＞0，且f（0）＝f（π）＝f（2π）＝0，又x=π2+kπ，k∈Z时，f（x）＝cos x，则f(π2)=f(32π)=0，可得函数f（x）的图象如图所示，若f(α)=1，f(α)=1cosα−cosα=1，则cos2α+cosα﹣1＝0，解得cosα=−1+√52或cosα=−1−√52（舍），故cosα只有一个值，故B错误；当x≠π2+kπ，k∈Z时，f(x+π)=1cos(x+π)−cos(x+π)=−1cosx+cosx=−f(x)，当x=π2+kπ，k∈Z时，f（x+π）＝﹣f（x）也成立，所以f（x）的图象关于点(π2，0)对称，故C正确；因为f(π2)=f(π)=f(3π2)=f(2π)=0，所以f （x ）在（0，2π]上只有四个零点， 若f （x ）在区间（0，x 0）上有且仅有10个零点，则x 0的取值范围是(5π，11π2]，故D 错误． 故选：AC ．三、填空题（共4小题，每小题5分，满分20分）13．若函数f(x)=log 3(9x +1)+(ax +3)2是偶函数，则实数a ＝ −16 ． 解：f(x)=log 3(9x +1)+(ax +3)2的定义域为R ，所以f(x)=log 3(9x +1)+(ax +3)2=log 3(9−x +1)+(−ax +3)2=f(−x)， 故log 3(9x +1)−log 3(9−x +1)+12ax =0，进而log 3(9x+1)−log 39x+19x +12ax =0，所以2x +12ax ＝0，解得a =−16． 故答案为：−16．14．已知点O （0，0，0），A （2，0，1），B （﹣1，0，2），则△OAB 的面积为 52．解：由题意可知OA →=(2，0，1)，OB →=(−1，0，2)，显然OA →⋅OB →=0⇒OA ⊥OB ，故△OAB 的面积为S =12|OA →|⋅|OB →|=12×√5×√5=52．故答案为：52．15．著名数学家笛卡尔曾经给出一个四圆相切的定理：半径分别为r 1，r 2，r 3的三个圆两两外切，同时又都与半径为r 4的圆外切，则2(1r 1r 2+1r 1r 3+1r 1r 4+1r 2r 3+1r 2r 4+1r 3r 4)=1r 12+1r 22+1r 32+1r 42．已知O 1（﹣2，0），O 2(2，0)，O 3(0，32)，若圆O 1，O 2，O 3两两外切，且都与圆O 4外切，其中圆O 1，O 2的半径相等，则圆O 4的标准方程为 x 2+(y −56)2=136 ． 解：设圆O 1，O 2，O 3，O 4的半径分别为r 1，r 2，r 3，r 4，由题意可得：{r 1=r 2r 1+r 2=|O 1O 2|=4r 1+r 3=|O 1O 3|=52，解得{r 1=r 2=2r 3=12， 又因为2(1r 1r 2+1r 1r 3+1r 1r 4+1r 2r 3+1r 2r 4+1r 3r 4)=1r 12+1r 22+1r 32+1r 42，即2(14+1+12r 4+1+12r 4+112r 4)=14+14+114+1r 42，解得r 4=16， 由|O 1O 4|＝|O 2O 4|，可知点O 4在线段O 1O 2的中垂线上，即y 轴上，设O 4（0，a ），由题意可得{|O 1O 4|=√4+a 2=2+16|O 3O 4|=|32−a|=12+16，解得a =56， 即圆O 4的圆心O 4(0，56)，半径r 4=16，所以圆O 4的方程为x 2+(y −56)2=136． 故答案为：x 2+(y −56)2=136． 16．已知椭圆C 1：x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1（a ＞b ＞0）与抛物线C 2：y 2＝2px （p ＞0）交于点A ，B ，直线AB 与x 轴的交点既是C 1的右焦点，也是C 2的焦点，点A ，B 关于原点的对称点分别为A '，B '，点P 是C 1上与A ，A '，B ，B '均不重合的点，记直线P A ，P A '的斜率分别为k ，k '，则kk '−4kk′= 4 ． 解：如图，令椭圆C 1半焦距为c ，由C 1的右焦点，也是C 2的焦点，得c =p2，又直线AB 过点F(p2，0)，由椭圆、抛物线的对称性知，点A ，B 关于x 轴对称，即直线AB ⊥x 轴，由{x =p 2y 2=2px ，得|y |＝p ，由{x =cx 2a 2+y 2b 2=1，得|y|=b2a ， 于是b 2a=2c ，即b 2＝2ac ，则a 2﹣c 2＝2ac ，解得ca=√2−1，不妨令A （c ，2c ），则A ′（﹣c ，﹣2c ），设P （x 0，y 0），x 0≠±c ，显然y 02=b 2−b 2a2x 02=2ac −2c a x 02，所以kk ′=y 0−2c x 0−c ⋅y 0+2c x 0+c =y 02−4c 2x 02−c 2=2ac−2c a x 02−4c 2x 02−c 2 =−2c a ⋅x 02−(a 2−2ac)x 02−c 2=−2c a ⋅x 02−c 2x 02−c2=−2c a =−2(√2−1)， 所以kk ′−4kk′=−2(√2−1)4−2(2−1)=4． 故答案为：4．四、解答题：共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17．（10分）某沙漠地区每年有2个月属于雨季，10个月属于旱季．经过初步治理该沙漠地区某年旱季的月降水量（单位：mm ）依次达到12.1，12.0，10.4，10.5，12.5，14.1，14.3，14.3，16.7，18.1．记这组数据的第40百分位数与平均数分别为m ，x ． （1）求m ，x ；（2）已知雨季的月降水量均大于旱季的月降水量，该沙漠地区人工种植了甲、乙两种植物，当月降水量低于12.0mm 时甲种植物需要浇水，当月降水量低于15.0mm 时乙种植物需要浇水，求这一年的某月甲、乙两种植物都需要浇水的概率及二者中有植物需要浇水的概率．解：（1）由数据从小到大为10.4，10.5，12.0，12.1，12.5，14.1，14.3，14.3，16.7，18.1， 又10×40%＝4，则第40百分位数为m =12.1+12.52=12.3mm ， 平均数x =10.4+10.5+12.0+12.1+12.5+14.1+14.3+14.3+16.7+18.110=13.5mm ． （2）由数据及题设知：12个月中降水量低于12.0mm 有2个月，降水量低于15.0mm 有8个月， 所以甲、乙两种植物都需要浇水的概率为16，二者中有植物需要浇水的概率为23．18．（12分）在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知点F （﹣2，0），直线l ：x ＝3，动点P （x ，y ）（x ≤0）到l 的距离等于|PF |+1．设动点P 的轨迹为曲线C ． （1）求C 的方程；（2）若直线x ＝my ﹣4与曲线C 交于A ，B 两点，证明：OA →⋅OB →为定值．解：（1）由点F （﹣2，0），直线l ：x ＝3，动点P （x ，y ）（x ≤0）到l 的距离等于|PF |+1， 可得|x ﹣3|＝1+√(x +2)2+y 2，即为（2﹣x ）2＝x 2+y 2+4x +4， 化为y 2＝﹣8x ；（2）证明：联立{x =my −4y 2=−8x ，可得y 2+8my ﹣32＝0，设A （−y 128，y 1），B （−y 228，y 2），则y 1y 2＝﹣32， OA →•OB →=164（y 1y 2）2+y 1y 2＝16﹣32＝﹣16，即为定值．19．（12分）如图，在三棱柱ABC ﹣A 1B 1C 1中，侧面ABB 1A 1与侧面ACC 1A 1都是菱形，AA 1＝AB 1＝2，∠BAC ＝∠AA 1C 1＝120°．记AB →=a →，AA 1→=b →，AC →=c →． （1）用a →，b →，c →表示AB 1→，BC 1→，并证明BC 1⊥AB 1； （2）若D 为棱A 1C 1的中点，求线段BD 的长．解：（1）根据题意可得： AB 1→=AB →+AA 1→=a →+b →，BC 1→=BA →+AC →+CC 1→=−AB →+AC →+AA 1→=−a →+b →+c →，证明：∵BC 1→⋅AB 1→=(−a →+b →+c →)⋅(a →+b →)=−a →2−a →⋅b →+a →⋅b →+b →2+a →⋅c →+b →⋅c →＝﹣4+4+2×2×cos120°+2×2×cos60°＝0， ∴BC 1⊥AB 1；（2）∵D 为棱A 1C 1的中点，∴根据题意可得： BD →=BA →+AA 1→+A 1D →=−a →+b →+12c →， ∴BD →2=a →2+b →2+14c →2−2a →⋅b →−a →⋅c →+b →⋅c →＝4+4+1﹣2×2×2×cos120°﹣2×2×cos120°+2×2×cos60° ＝17， ∴|BD →|=√17．20．（12分）在△ABC 中，点D 是BC 边上一点，BD ＝2AD ，AD ＝2DC ． （1）求证：5AB 2+20AC 2＝8BC 2；（2）若∠BAC 是锐角，∠BAD ＝∠CAD 且AB +AC ＝5，△ABC 的面积为4825，求sin B ．解：（1）由题设，令BD ＝4DC ＝4x ，则AD ＝2x ，BC ＝5x ，△ADB 中cos ∠ADB =AD 2+BD 2−AB 22AD⋅BD ，△ADC 中cos ∠ADC =AD 2+DC 2−AC 22AD⋅DC，又∠ADB +∠ADC =π，故cos ∠ADB +cos ∠ADC =0， 所以4x 2+16x 2−AB 22⋅2x⋅4x+4x 2+x 2−AC 22⋅2x⋅x=0，即AB 2+4AC 2＝40x 2，则5AB 2+20AC 2＝200x 2＝8BC 2，得证． （2）设∠BAD =∠CAD =θ，在△ABD 中BD sinθ=AB sin∠ADB，在△ACD 中CDsinθ=AC sin∠ADC，而∠ADB +∠ADC =π，故sin ∠ADB =sin ∠ADC ，则AB AC=BD CD=4，又AB +AC ＝5，故AB ＝4，AC ＝1，又12AB ⋅ACsin2θ=4825，所以sin2θ=2425，由∠BAC =2θ为锐角，则cos2θ=1−2sin 2θ=725⇒sinθ=35，由BD sinθ=AD sinB⇒4x sinθ=2x sinB⇒sinB =sinθ2=310．21．（12分）如图，在四棱台ABCD ﹣A 1B 1C 1D 1中，四边形ABCD 是边长为4的正方形，AA 1＝5，A 1B 1＝3，AA 1⊥平面ABCD ，E 为CC 1的中点． （1）求直线AC 1与平面B 1CD 1所成角的正弦值；（2）若平面α经过BE 且与AC 1平行，求点B 1到平面α的距离．解：（1）根据题意，可建系如图，则A （0，0，0），B （4，0，0），C （4，4，0），B 1（3，0，5），D 1（0，3，5），C 1（3，3，5），E （72，72，52），∴AC 1→=(3，3，5)，B 1C →=(1，4，−5)，CD 1→=(−4，−1，5)，BE →=(−12，72，52)， 设平面面B 1CD 1所的法向量为m →=(x ，y ，z)，则{m →⋅B 1C →=x +4y −5z =0m →⋅CD 1→=−4x −y +5z =0，取m →=(1，1，1)， ∴直线AC 1与平面B 1CD 1所成角的正弦值为：|cos ＜AC 1→，m →＞|=|AC 1→⋅m →||AC 1→||m →|=11√9+9+25×3=11√129129；（2）∵平面α经过BE 且与AC 1平行，又根据（1）可知AC 1→=(3，3，5)，BE →=(−12，72，52)，BB 1→=(−1，0，5)，设平面α的法向量为n →=(a ，b ，c)，则{n →⋅BE →=−12a +72b +52c =0n →⋅AC 1→=3a +3b +5c =0，取n →=(1，1，−65)， ∴点B 1到平面α的距离为：|BB 1→||cos ＜BB 1→，n →＞|=|BB 1→⋅n →||n →|=7√1+1+3625=35√8686． 22．（12分）已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1（a ＞b ＞0）经过A 1(√2，0)，A 2(√2，1)，A 3(√2，−1)，A 4(0，√2)中的3个点． （1）求C 的方程．（2）若直线x ＝ty +√2(t ≠0)与C 交于点M ，N ，点M 关于x 轴的对称点为M '，点D 是△MNM '的外接圆圆心，判断在x 轴上是否存在定点P ，使得|DP||MN|为定值．若存在，求出点P 的坐标及|DP||MN|的值；若不存在，请说明理由．解：（1）因为A 2(√2，1)，A 3(√2，−1)关于x 轴对称， 所以这2个点在椭圆上，此时2a 2+1b 2=1，①当A 1(√2，0)在椭圆上时，2a 2+0b 2=1，②由①②知，方程无解； 当A 4(0，√2)在椭圆上时，0a 2+1b 2=1，③联立①③，解得a 2＝4，b 2＝2， 因为a ＞b ＞0，所以a 2＝4，b 2＝2， 则椭圆C 的方程为x 24+y 22=1；（2）不妨设M （x 1，y 1），N （x 2，y 2），可得M '（x 1，﹣y 1）， 联立{x =ty +√2x 24+y 22=1，消去x 并整理得(t 2+2)y 2+2√2ty −2=0，由韦达定理得y 1+y 2=−2√2t t 2+2，y 1y 2=−2t 2+2， 所以|MN |=√1+t 2|y 1−y 2|=√1+t 2⋅√(y 1+y 2)2−4y 1y 2 =√1+t 2⋅√(−2√2t t 2+2)2−4×(−2t 2+2)=4t 2+4t 2+2，由外接圆的定义知，点D 为线段MM '，MN 垂直平分线的交点， 因为线段MM '的垂直平分线为x 轴， 所以线段MN 垂直平分线为y −y 1+y 22=−t(x −x 1+x 22)，令y ＝0，解得x D =y 1+y 22t =x 1+x 22=(t 2+1)(y 1+y 2)+2√2t2t=(t 2+1)(−2√2t t 2+2)+2√2t2t=√2t 2+2，不妨设P （x 0，0）， 此时|DP||MN|=|x 0−√2t 2+2|4t 2+4t 2+2=|x 0t 2+2x 0−√2|4t 2+4，所以当x 0=2x 0−√2， 即x 0=√2时，|DP||MN|为定值，定值为√24， 故当在x 轴上存在定点P （√2，0），使得|DP||MN|为定值，定值为√24．。
2023-2024学年河南省顶尖联盟高一上学期期中检测英语试题
2023-2024学年河南省顶尖联盟高一上学期期中检测英语试题1. Where does the conversation take place?A．In a shop. B．At a theater. C．At a restaurant.2. When can the man see the doctor today?A．At 2:30. B．At 10:15. C．At 11:15.3. What are the speakers talking about?A．Courses. B．Universities. C．Countries.4. What does the man want to do?A．Go to school. B．Have a meal. C．Do cooking.5. What might the woman do next?A．Have her clothes cleaned.B．Go shopping with the man.C．Invite the man to eat out.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What are the speakers doing?A．Having a meeting. B．Talking about a friend. C．Speaking on thetelephone.7. What is Mr. Green doing?A．He is away on business. B．He is travelling abroad. C．He is working in theoffice.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A．Teacher and student. B．Coach and player. C．Policeman and driver. 9. What did the woman do just now?A．She asked for help. B．She made a mistake. C．She knocked another car.10. What happens at the end of the conversation?A．The woman is punished.B．The man says sorry to the woman.C．The car is driven away by the man.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
2023-2024学年河南省郑州市郑州外国语学校高一上学期11月期中英语试题
2023-2024学年河南省郑州市郑州外国语学校高一上学期11月期中英语试题Kew Gardens is not only a popular tourist destination in London, but also a botanic garden and a research center that has the largest collection of living plants at a single site. So, let’s explore the Royal Botanic Gardens with CGTN’s reporter Robyn Dwyer.Palm HouseThe first stop is the Palm House, a giant indoor rainforest with a wide range of plants. Visitors can enjoy these exotic plants while researchers can study the secrets of these flora. Eatable plants such as cocoa tree and African oil palm are all preserved here to keep the diversity of food resources. At the same time, it houses many medical use plants, including some that are used to treat cancer.Temperate HouseKnown as the world’s largest Victorian glasshouse, the Temperate House is home to1,500 species of plants from temperate regions of the world. Some of the species kept here have gone extinct in the wild, such as Encephalartos woodii, a cycad from South Africa. And some are already extinct like Saint Helena olive, but the Kew has stored its DNA.Mediterranean GardenIn the Mediterranean Garden, one can see plants from the Southern Europe, such as rosemary, olives and cork oak. Walking in the garden, one can feel the non-indoor vibe (氛围) of the Mediterranean and learn about the economic as well as scientific uses of these plants.On International Day for Biological Diversity this year, join CGTN to travel around the world’s national parks and reserves across seven continents. Our next program is to visit penguins and seals in the Antarctic Ice Aquarium Norway. Please stay tuned!1. What do the three stops have in common?A．They store plants for medical use.B．They have plants of economic value.C．They house plants of seven continents.D．They own plants for scientific research.2. Which one suits a visitor preferring outdoor sites?A．Palm House. B．Temperate House.C．Antarctic Ice Aquarium. D．Mediterranean Garden.3. Where is the text most probably taken from?A．A botanic dictionary. B．A TV travel series.C．A trip advertisement. D．A biodiversity essay.This winter, the state of California in the US received unusually large amounts of rain and snow. Now, people worry that some areas will flood as the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains melts (融化).Ron Caetano lives about half-way between the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco. He is preparing to leave in case his community, called the Island District, floods.More than 100 years ago, the Island District area was under Tulare Lake, a large lake. At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River. But reservoirs (水库) and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear. However, in very rainy years, farmland can still get covered with water.Experts say reservoirs near the area will likely receive three times more water than they can hold this year. That means officials must increase the amount of water they release (释放) from the reservoirs. But if too much water is released, the area might flood.The Island District has organized a community network to help prepare for floods. People are placing sandbags close to elderly neighbors’ houses to stop possible flooding. And they are looking at reports from water officials, county officials, and from each other.California has had very dry weather in recent years. Therefore, both cities and farm communities acclaimed this year’s winter rains. If the weather gets warmer slowly, the snow will n ot melt quickly and there may be little or no flooding. But if the weather gets hot quickly, that will bring trouble from too much melting snow.Officials announced plans to close parts of Yosemite National Park because of possible danger of flooding. The park is about 270 kilometers east of San Francisco in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Nicholas Pinter is with the University of California, Davis Center for Watershed Sciences. He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather. He des cribed the surrounding area this way. “It has been an engineering problem all along,” he said. “This is a bathtub (浴缸) with no way out.”4. What made Tulare Lake disappear?A．Lack of rainfall. B．Natural disasters. C．Climatewarming. D．Human behavior.5. W hat does the underlined word “acclaimed” in paragraph 6 mean?A．Feared. B．Doubted. C．Welcomed. D．Tracked.6. What might Californians want to see?A．The government can help them move to other states. B．The weather can get warm gradually in California.C．There is more rain in the cities than on farms. D．The officials release water on a regular basis.7. What can we infer from Nicholas Pinter’s words?A．It is difficult to deal with the flood. B．It is easy to keep the snow water.C．The surrounding area is unfit to live in. D．The lake is already overflowing. Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter of the alphabet matches to one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy after the first year. However, students even after years of learning English are still far below Italian or Finnish students in reading accuracy.English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected to German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman invasion (侵略) in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and legal documents. And Latin was used in religious and educational activities. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language. The printing press invented in the late 1400s helped to establish English spelling. The English of today is how the language was written at the time. However, the spoken language started to change in the 1500s with the pronunciation of all long vowels. For example, “bite” was pronounced closer to “beet” in 1400, before changing through the years to its current sound. The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.English has 26 letters in the alphabet, but over 44 individual sounds depending on the variation of spoken English. There are several sounds represented by only one letter. For example, the letter “C” can sound like an “S” as in “city”. And it also sounds like a “K” as in “cat”.There are only 5 or 6 vowel (元音) letters in the English alphabet. They include A, E, I, O, U, and sometimes Y. But there are 20 different ways to sound them. At the centre is the most common vowel sound of “uhhh”. It is the most relaxed and natural sound. It takes almost no e ffort of the tongue or throat to create the sound. Since it takes little effort, the sound “uhhh” often makes its way into pronunciations. For example, the word “please” often turns into “PUH-lease” when someone is trying to call attention. This is another reason why spelling in English is so difficult!8. How does the author lead to the topic of this text?A．By comparison.B．By making a classification.C．By the calculation of an example.D．By describing a process.9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A．The complex history of English.B．The formation of modern English.C．The influence of English on other languages.D．Factors promoting the development of English.10. When did the current spelling of English come into being?A．In the 12th century. B．Before the Norman invasion.C．In the late 1400s. D．In the 1500s.11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A．One Letter, Many SoundsB．So Many Ways to Sound a VowelC．Why Spelling in English Is So DifficultD．How to Improve the Accuracy of English SpellingWhen plates are set on the table, phones, rather than forks, are at the ready. At this point in our social media entanglement (纠缠), the fact that the camera eats first is pretty much a given. Sure, some chefs, including Michelin rated star chefs, express their displeasure at this, but efforts to make the table a screen-free domain have mostly fallen flat.New research from Aston University has found that people are indeed influenced by the food photos that their friends post on social media. For example, for every serving of fruits and vegetables that a person thinks their friends are eating, they’ll eat one-fifth of a serving more. This number makes more sense within the context of the recommended “five a day”, meaning someone who’s being influenced would make a point of eating six portions of fruits or vegetables. Similarly, for every three portions of junk food that a person sees friends consuming on social media, they’ll eat an extra one.The researchers have also suggested that social media can be very beneficial when it comes to people’s choices of food and their diets. Study supervisors Dr. Jason Thomas said, “The implication is that we can use social media as a tool to encourage each other’s eating choice within friendship groups, an d use this knowledge as a tool for public health interventions.”Actually, the daily food situation is somewhat different from everything else posted on social media. People also desire to copy what they see but they need good social media literacy skills in order to grasp what’s realistic and what’s absurd. It is necessary to avoid the fake perfection of social media. It gets boring trying to figure out what to eat three times a day, week after week, so no wonder people want to take the path of least resistance and eat what their friends are eating. Unfortunately, most of what gets posted is the more time-consuming recipes or the attractively styled restaurant meals. By all means, keep your antennae (触角) out for new ideas, but gather them from food magazines, cookbooks, store flyers, reliable cooking websites, and recommended recipes from friends and family.12. What phenomenon is talked about in Para.1?A．The influence of social media on people’s diet.B．People’s taking photos of food before eating.C．Chefs’ efforts to make the table screen-free.D．The pursuit of dining in fancy restaurant.13. What’s the consequence of people’s seeing their friends’ online post?A．They’ll copy what their friends do.B．They’ll take junk food more seriously.C．They’ll consume more than their friends.D．They’ll care more about their friends’ eating habits.14. What’s Dr. Jason Thomas’s attitude towards social media?A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Unclear.15. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A．Point out the unreality of social media.B．Call on people to enrich their knowledge in cooking.C．Introduce the general classification of food posted online.D．Encourage people to broaden their sources of food inspiration.First aid is a crucial aspect of healthcare that can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injury or illness. Knowing when to use first aid is essential so that proper measures are taken promptly. 16Injuries and AccidentsOne of the most common instances where first aid is required is in injuries and accidents. 17 In such situations, it is essential to provide immediate care to prevent further damage and ensure that the affected individual receives timely medical attention. Some of the initial steps in first aid for injuries include applying pressure to stop bleeding, immobilizing the affected area, and administering pain relief medication.Cardiac Arrest (心脏停跳)Another critical situation where first aid can make a difference is during a cardiac arrest. A cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops functioning; immediate intervention is necessary. 18 The first step in such a situation is to call emergency services and start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) until professional help arrives. Knowing how to perform CPR can be life-saving in such situations.Choking and Suffocation (窒息)Choking and suffocation are emergencies that can occur at any time, and immediate intervention is necessary to prevent further complications. If someone is choking, it is essential to act quickly. 19 Similarly, if someone is suffocating due to a blocked airway, it is vital to clear the obstruction and ensure that the person’s airway is open.When to use first aid can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injur y or illness. 20 Call for emergency services, and provide immediate care until professional help arrives. Being prepared and trained in first aid can ensure the safety and well-being of those around us.Have you had enough(or enuf)trouble spelling English words to make you want to scream(or skreem)? You are not alone. Generations of scholars since the 17th century have protested against the________ in English spelling.Part of the problem is caused by the_______ origins of English words. German, Latin, French and Greek are al common sources, and each follows a different set of________ for spelling. In fact, even within any one of these languages, it is________ to guarantee consistency(一致性). As these systems were________ over time, the English spelling system we see today came into being.Some English learners know that memorizing the Latin roots of English words is a great wayto________ their vocabulary, but most Latin-rooted words entered English from French after the Norman Conquest(诺曼征服)of the 11th century. The Normans used French as the language of the court, throwing Old English, a Germanic(日耳曼语的)language, out of________ usage for around 300 years.By the time English was again_______ at the court, it was a French-influenced language(Middle English). There was actually no________ form of spelling. In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), the same word was spelled differently. This was not his fault. He was simply following the spelling of the time.Standardization did not come until the 15th century. The use of the printing press(印刷机)and, for the first time, the mass distribution(大量流通)of books________ the spelling of words. The spelling system we use today is based on the pronunciation of that time.Now the story gets a bit________. Between 1450 and 1750, English pronunciation went through what experts call the Great Vowel Shift(主要元音转移). However, _______ the nature of how English words are pronounced has evolved, the spelling system has remained largely unchanged.Supporters of English spelling reform argue that________ words with more phonetically accurate letter combinations will promote literacy(读写能力). Others don’t think so. They say that the spelling system we use today leaves plenty of________ to unlocking the history of the language, helping readers understand the origins of words. What do you think? Should English try to“________” the spelling of words?21.A．similarities B．mistakes C．irregularities D．varieties 22.A．ancient B．various C．local D．unknown 23.A．questions B．steps C．goals D．rules24.A．unnecessary B．impossible C．natural D．easy25.A．mixed together B．put forward C．figured out D．written down 26.A．understand B．recite C．expand D．practice 27.A．correct B．actual C．official D．popular 28.A．banned B．translated C．changed D．allowed 29.A．set B．alternative C．complex D．separate 30.A．transformed B．froze C．repeated D．measured 31.A．funny B．clear C．scary D．tricky32.A．since B．while C．unless D．until33.A．combining B．replacing C．sharing D．exchanging 34.A．obstacles B．admissions C．keys D．applications 35.A．fix B．improve C．copy D．avoid36. The UN recommended that all sides ______ a resolution on the Palestine-Israel conflict on Saturday, hoping it will end, even if temporarily, the deaths and sufferings of people in the Gaza Strip.A．adopted B．would adopt C．adopt D．could adopt37. A group of foreign climbers, ______ love adventures and extreme sports, are determined to visit Guilin and tried a vertical journey about Karsts.A．many of them B．many of who C．many of whom D．whose many 38. An earthquake occurs when plates below the earth’s surface ______.A．push together B．push up C．pull apart D．pull up39. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor ______ published the article as it had ______ been written.A．impatiently, organically B．independently, ordinarilyC．reluctantly, originally D．relevantly, occasionally40. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights ______ and its horn______, roared down the arcade.A．on, blaring B．on, blared C．up, blaring D．up, blared41. "______ there is something to identify, we will give people their money back," said a spokeswoman for the Bank. "Last year, we paid ￡1.5m on 21,000 ______."A．As long as, declarations B．So long as, claimsC．as if, announcements D．if only, statements42. ______ a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Great St. Bernard Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveler is in difficulty.A．Because of B．Due to C．On account of D．Now that43. Cats can be friendly and affectionate towards humans, but they never become ______ like dogs and horses.A．fascinated B．submissive C．suspicious D．mysterious44. ____ no means ______ give up English learning, the bridge between us and the world.A．By, we would B．By, should we C．In, we should D．In, shall we45. Sometimes twins don’t need to speak to each other and they can ______ send messages to each other when they aren’t in the same place.A．somewhat B．anyhow C．somehow D．anyway46. China and Cuba had worked hand in hand on the path of building socialism with their own characteristics, thus forging an unbreakable ______ of trust and friendship.A．bound B．measure C．bond D．response47. There are few warning ______ just before a tsunami hits, so scientists study and ______ tsunamis in order to warn people and minimize deaths.A．signs, track B．signals, track C．sighs, treat D．sights, treat 48. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to ______ dialects and characters.A．various of B．variety of C．varieties of D．diversity of49. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.A．breaks B．has brokenC．were broken D．had been broken50. Despite ______ under city ruins after the earthquake, he was still positive and relived a younger girl crying beside him.A．he was trapped B．trapped C．trapping D．being trapped阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
河南省2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题(含解析)
2024-2025学年度（上）高三期中考试英语试题考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将正确答案填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ADriver WantedClean driving license (执照).Must be of smart appearance.Age over 25.Apply to (申请): Capes Taxi, 17 Palace Road, Royston.Air Hostesses for International Flights WantedApplicants (申请者) must be between 20 and 33 years old.Height: 1. 6 m to 1. 75m.Education to GCSE standard.Two languages. Must be able to swim.Apply to: Recruitment (招聘) office, Southern Airlines, Heathrow Airport West. HR 37 KK.Teachers NeededFor private language school.Having college education.Teaching experience unnecessary.Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Languages Ltd. 279 Canal Street, Royston. 1．What prevents Jack, an experienced taxi driver, working for Capes Taxi?A．Unable to speak a foreign language.B．Punished for speeding and wrong parking.C．Fond of beer and wine.D．Not having college education.2．What prevents Mary, aged 25, becoming an air hostess?A．She has never worked as an air hostess before.B．She doesn't feel like working long hours flying abroad.C．She can't speak Japanese very well.D．She once broke a traffic law and was fined3．Which of the following is not mentioned in the three advertisements?A．Education.B．Working experience.C．Male or female.D．Marriage.B“Colour” and “color”, “favourite” and “favorite”, “honour” and “honor”… Have you ever wondered why Americans spell those words without a “u”? Is it because they are lazy? Of course not. In fact, the difference in spelling was started by Noah Webster(1758 — 1843). He was a teacher who reformed (改革) English to make American identity (特征) stronger. Linguists (语言学家) celebrate his birthday on October 16 every year.After the Revolutionary War (1775 — 1783), Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary, rather than rely on British dictionaries. He dropped the British “u” in some words. And he changed “centre” into “center” for children to learn English by spelling words more like what they sounded. He used “subway” instead of British word “underground”. Some other examples are “soccer” and “football”, “fall” and “autumn”.Webster wasn’t shy about expressing his opinions. In defining (定义) preposterous(unreasonable), he wrote: “A republican government in the hands of female is preposterous.” Webster spent 28 years on the project before completing the 70,000-word dictionary with his American-style spelling in 1828. He also added local words.His dictionary was widely used in schools. Linguists believed it helped a new country achieve unity (统一) and cultural independence at a time when most people cared about political freedom.“He was the creator of our language and the creator of American identity,” said Joshua Kendall, who is working on a book about Webster. “He at last brought us together through our language.”4．Which is NOT true about Webster’s dictionary?A．It has local words in it.B．It is a 70,000-word dictionary.C．All the words are spelled without “u”.D．Its words are in American-style spelling.5．What does the underlined phrase “rely on” in Paragraph 2 mean?A．Depend on.B．Trust in.C．Put up with.D．Give up. 6．What do people think of Webster’s dictionary?A．It is the only dictionary that Americans still use today.B．It helped to bring Americans together besides its cultural influence.C．It has no influence on the development of American English.D．It helped to make American English more useful than British English.7．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．The development of the British English.B．American English is better than British English.C．Noah Webster added local words to the dictionary.D．Noah Webster wrote an American English dictionary and reformed English.COne August afternoon, Richard Allen dropped off his last passenger, Mrs. Carey. Lifting two grocery bags, he followed her across the yard and stood on the step of her house. Glancing up, he saw a large wasp (黄蜂) nest under the roof. Allen had heard that wasps can become more likely to sting (蜇) in summer. He mentioned this to Mrs. Carey, who had opened the door.“Oh, they don’t bother me,” she said lightly. “I go in and out all the time.”Anxiously, Allen looked at the nest again—— to see the wasps flying straight at him. “Hurry!” he shouted to Mrs. Carey. “Get in!”She stepped quickly inside. Allen ran for his mini-bus. Too late; they were upon him. Just as he jumped aboard, half a dozen red spots showed on his arm, and he felt more on his back and shoulders.As he was driving down the road, Allen felt as if something was burning at the back of his neck, and the “fire” was spreading forward toward his face. And immediate anxiety took hold of him.Allen knew that stings could cause some persons to die. But he had been stung the previous summer and the after-effects soon passed. However, what he didn’t know what that the first sting had turned his body into a time bomb waiting for the next to set off an explosion.Miles from the nearest medical assistance, Allen began to feel his tongue thick and heavy and his heartbeat louder. Most frightening, he felt his breathing more and more difficult. He reached for the radio mike (话筒), trying to call the mini-bus center, but his words were hardly understandable. Signals were also poor that far out. He knew a rescue team was on 24-hour duty at the Amherst Fire Department’s north station. So his best chance was to make a run for it.Rushing down the mountain, Allen tried not to panic, focusing his mind on each sharp turn. He was almost through the last of them when he felt sure he was going into shock (休克). Just then he reached for the radio mike again.“Call fire station,” he shouted, concentrating to form the words. “Emergency. Bee sting. Emergency. There in ten minutes.”“Five-ten,” the center replied.Hold on, Allen thought. Keep your eyes open. Breathe. Keep awake.At last he reached the station. Two firemen ran out. Allen felt their hands grasp him before he hit the ground. You made it, he thought.8．It is mentioned in the passage that wasps are more likely to attack when _______.A．there are huge noisesB．strangers are approachingC．the air is filled with food smellD．the hottest season comes around9．Allen didn’t know that if stung by wasps again, he would _______.A．have no after-effectsB．suffer from sharper painC．surely lose his lifeD．become more sensitive10．Allen failed at his first attempt to send his message to the mini-bus center because _______.A．he was unable to speak clearlyB．his radio equipment was poorC．he was in a state of shockD．no one was on duty11．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．Allen, A Helpless DriverB．Wasps, Bloody KillersC．A Race Against DeathD．War Against WaspsDArmy ants are mainly distributed in South America and Africa and mostly live in the Amazon River basin. They like to live in groups and generally one or two million in a group. They are migratory, have no fixed on the move. When encountering obstacles such as gaps, army ants are able to connect their bodies to each other and build a bridge for large groups of ants to pass through, saving crawling distance. The bridge can be built and removed very quickly, in seconds.Christopher Reid of the University of Sydney’s Insect Behaviour and Ecology Laboratory, said that when studying the ant bridge, he initially assumed that once the ant bridge was built the two end positions of the bridge would be fixed, and the bridge itself would be relatively stationary (不动的).However, after observation, it was found that the ant bridge would constantly change according to the army ants’ knowledge of the outside world. The ant bridge can move slowly from the original position, increasing the number of ants in the bridge, extending the length of the bridge, so that other ants may save a lot of efforts by using the ant bridge instead of taking other routes. In this way, it can continuously compress the distance to the target area.Meanwhile, the researchers have also found that the changing ant bridge does not always achieve the shortest distance. When the bridge is extended to a certain extent, the number of ants involved in the construction of the ant bridge will not continue to increase, and the length of the bridge will stop growing.Researchers believe that army ants use the best methods in the construction of bridges. Since the ants involved in building the bridge are unable to participate in other work, the colony stops putting in more ants as soon as it finds that the number of ants put into extending the bridge is out of balance with the number of ants needed for other jobs.12．What is mainly introduced about army ants in paragraph 1?A．Their migration.B．Their distribution.C．Their living habits.D．Their hunting targets.13．What did the research find about the bridge built by army ants ?A．It becomes longer constantly.B．It keeps unchanged once built.C．It achieves the shortest distance.D．It is adjusted according to the needs.14．What does the underlined word “compress” mean in paragraph 3?A．Reduce.B．Calculate.C．Neglect.D．Judge.15．What is the writing purpose of the text ?A．To stress the importance of cooperation.B．To explain army ants’ incredible strength.C．To show army ants’ collective intelligence.D．To indicate the harmony between nature and human.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
高中英语 2023-2024学年河南省焦作市高二(上)期中英语试卷
2023-2024学年河南省焦作市博爱一中高二（上）期中英语试卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）1．（1分）When is the first train to London tomorrow morning？A．At 5：00B．At 5：15C．At 6：00．2．（1分）Where does the conversation probably take place？A． In a libraryB． In a classroomC． In a travel agency3．（1分）What will the woman do tonight？A．Go to a party．B．Write a report．C．Do her housework．4．（1分）What does the man mean？A．He wouldn't like to walk the dog．B．He will be busy with his work．C．He is tired of the dog．5．（1分）What are the speakers mainly talking about？A． A writer．B． An actor．C． An explorer．6．（2分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题．6．How many bathrooms are there in the woman's new house？A．Four．B．Three．C．Two．7．What can we learn about the new house？A．Each floor has a small kitchen．B．There are many wooden chairs．C．There is little furniture in the house．7．（2分）（1）Who could the woman probably be？A．A passenger．B．An air hostess．C．A pilot．（2）How will the woman deal with the computer？A．She will use it．B．She will repair it．C．She will take it away．8．（3分）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题．10．Why is the man upset？A．He has quarrelled with his friend．B．He has not got an e-mail from his friend．C．He has lost a long e-mail to his friend．11．What do we know about Jack？A．He had a bad experience of online shopping．B．He lost his girlfriend's ring．C．He lost 200 dollars．12．What did the seller suggest Jack do？A．Call the police．B．Phone the post office．C．Explain to his girlfriend．9．（4分）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题．13．Where are the speakers？A．At a cinema．B．At a theater．C．At a school．14．What does the man say about people in the Poetry（诗歌） Club？A．They read all the time．B．They often hold parties．C．They know nothing about poetry．15．What is the man interested in？A．Guitar．B．Movies．C．Books．16．What are the speakers mainly talking about？A．What hobbies they have．B．What movie they will watch．C．Which club they should join．10．（4分）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．17．Where did the speaker take a journey last year？A．In south-west Africa．B．In south-east Africa．C．In south-west Asia．18．What did the speaker have to carry during his journey？A．Enough food．B．Plenty of water．C．A lot of clothes．19．How many hours did the speaker walk every day？A．Five．B．Three．C．Two．20．Where did the speaker stay for the hottest part of the day？A．Under some rocks．B．Under some trees．C．Under a space blanket．第二部分：阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案．11．（10分）A Japanese went to a small Australian town and was staying with his wife at the best hotel there．One night，he went out for a walk alone．It was late and the small street was dark and quiet．Suddenly he felt someone behind him．Heturned his head and saw an Australian young man who quickly walked past him．The man was nearly out of sight when the Japanese suddenly found that his watch was gone．He thought that it must be the Australian who had taken his watch．He decided to follow him and get back the watch．Soon the Japanese caught up with the Australian．Neither of them understood the other's language．The Japanese frightened the Australian with his fist（拳头） and pointed at the Australian's watch．In the end the Australian gave up his watch to the Japanese．When he returned to the hotel，the Japanese told his wife what had happened．He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table．Now he realized that by mistake he had robbed the watch and it was the Australian's．（1）The Japanese went to a small Australian town．A．aloneB．with his friend C．with his wifeD．with an Australian（2）Suddenly he found his was gone．A．watchB．moneyC．bookD．ring（3）The Japanese decided to follow the Australian because．A．The Japanese wanted to beat the AustralianB．The Australian wanted to beat the JapaneseC．The Australian believed the Japanese had stolen the watchD．The Japanese thought the Australian had stolen the watch（4）The Australian gave up his watch to him at last because．A．he had stolen the watch from the JapaneseB．he was afraid of the JapaneseC．he had picked up the watch on his w ay from workD．he understood what the Japanese wanted（5）Who was robbed of the watch on earth？A．The Australian was．B．The Japanese was．C．Both of them was．D．Neither of them was．12．（10分）Mr．Harris used to work in Dover，but then he changed his work，and he and his wife moved to another town．They did not have many friends there，but they soon met a lot of interesting people，and after a few weeks，they often went to dinner or to parties at other people's houses．Then Mrs．Harris said to her husband，"We've been to a lot of other people's houses，and now we must invite them to our house，mustn't we？""Yes，certainly，"answered her husband，"A big party will be the easiest thing，won't it？Then we can start to invite people to dinner in small numbers next month．"So Mrs．Harris said，"Yes，I'll invite all our friends here to a big party on 5th December．""How many will that be？"Mr．Harris asked．"Don't invite too many．"Mrs．Harris was beginning to write the invitation when her husband saw that she was writing，"Party：6：30 to 8：30 p．m．""That isn't very nice，is it？"he said．"You're telling our guests that they must go at 8：30．"So Mrs．Harris just wrote"Party：6：30 p．m．"A lot of guests came，and they all had a good time，so they did not go home at 8：30．In fact they were still there at mid-night when the door bell rang and a policeman arrived．He said，"You must stop making a noise，because someone has complained（抱怨）．"Mr．Harris said he did not want to quarrel with the policeman，so everyone went home．They were sorry to have to go．When Mr．and Mrs．Harris were alone again，she said to him．"That was a surprise，wasn't it？Who complained about the noise？""I did，"Mr Harris answered in a tired voice．（1）Why did Mr．Harris and his wife move to another town？A．They wanted to make some new friends．B．Mr．Harris changed his work．C．They wanted to meet a lot of interesting people．D．They enjoyed going to parties and visiting other people's houses．（2）What made Mr．and Mrs．Harris hold a party at their house？A．It was easy to hold a big party at home．B．They could ask people to dinner in small numbers．C．They had gone to other people's parties many times．D．They liked making friends with others．（3）How long would Mrs．Harris like the party to last？A．About two hours．B．About fourteen hours．C．From the morning till night．D．Till midnight（4）When did the party end that evening？A．At about 8：30．B．When the policeman talked with Mr．Harris on the phone．C．About twelve o'clock．D．When someone telephoned the police station．（5）Why did Mr．Harris telephoned the policeman about the noise？A．Because someone rang his door bell many times at mid-night．B．His friends had a good time that night and also feel tired．C．Because he hated the noise．D．He did not want his friends to stay late that night．13．（10分）If you'd like to go sight-seeing，the following World Heritage Sites may be your best choices．Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest AreaThe Jiuzhaigou Valley，which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province，reaches a height of more than 4，800 meters，with a series of different forest ecosystem （生态系统）．There you can enjoy watching excellent waterfalls．Some 140 kinds of birds also live in the valley，as well as a number of endangered plants and animals，including the giant panda．For more information，please visit http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/637．Khami Ruins National MonumentThe city of Khami，which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century，is of great archaeological （考古的） interest．The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major center for trade over a long period of time．For more information，please visit http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/365．Henderson IslandHenderson Island，which lies in the eastern South Pacific，is one of the few atolls （环礁） in the world whose ecology （生态） has not been touched by human beings．It is especially famous for the ten plants and four land birds that can only be seen on the island．For more information，please visit http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/487．The Old City of JerusalemAs a holy city for three different religions in the Middle East，Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance．It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the"List of World Heritage in Danger"the following year．For more information，please visit http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/148．（1）The passage is mainly about ．A．Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest AreaB．One of the few atolls in the worldC．Several World Heritage SitesD．Khami was a major center for trade（2）What can we know about The Jiuzhaigou Valley？A．It sits at the foot of a 4，800-meter-high mountain．B．It has different forest ecosystem．C．Most of China's endangered plants can be found here．D．In all about 140 kinds of birds and animals live there．（3）The discovery of some of the objects in Khami shows that the city ．A．had a very short historyB．was ruined in the mid-16th centuryC．was once Great Zimbabwe's largest cityD．once played a great role as a trade center（4）From the passage we can learn that Henderson Island ．A．isn't suitable for humans to live onB．has been open to visitors for yearsC．is made up of a few large atollsD．hasn't been greatly influenced by human activities（5）If you are interested in religion，you should visit ．A．http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/148B．http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/365C．http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/487D．http：//whc．unesco．org/en/list/637第二节 七选五（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选择中有两项为多余项．14．（10分）How to Overcome the Sense of FailureIn the modern society，failure can be made to feel like the worst thing that could have ever happened to a person．The fact is that failure is common．In this article，you'll learn a little about how to overcome failure through having the right attitude．Expect mistakes．（36）To expect life to be always smooth （顺利） is not practical．Failure helps to create balance in your life and presents an opportunity for personal growth．Accept the fact that things won't always go your way．Learn to love finding out that you're wrong about something．That's not failure；it's the path to finding the right way．（37）Whatever you're feeling about a failure，keep cool．Look at it this way---it won't make any difference to the result itself whether you blow your top or stay calm，but it will take a lot less energy if you choose the latter response．If you're really angry，channel these emotions to motivate yourself to start again．（38）It's not good to bottle up feelings，but you can't take out your anger on those around you for no good reason．Go for a run or a swim to give yourself space to think．Just do something to distract （使分散注意力） yourself from the strong feelings until you calm down．（39）Not only will your failure soon be yesterday's news，but if you think other people are judging you，it won't be long before they're busy worrying about their own failures．After all，everyone is going to fail now and then．So does it really matter what others think？Stop worrying，start laughing．The sun will come up again tomorrow．Things might be terrible for a little while but how will worrying help？Think back to a time when you worried a lot．（40）Most likely not，apart from giving you more wrinkles （皱纹） and gray hair．The greatest thing you can do for yourself during failure is to use humor．A．Focus on trying again．B．Remain calm．C．Don't take your anger out on others．D．Did it make any difference？E．Forget about how other people view you．F．Life's hard knocks are as common as life's successes．G．It is a good thing to set out to do something that you know will fail．第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节 完形填空（满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．15．（30分）Earthquakes are （1）；thousands of them happen each day．But most are too weak to feel．During a （2）earthquake，there is often a great noise first．Then the earth shakes terribly；many houses（3）down．Railway tracks break and trains go （4）lines；a great many factories are （5）；thousands of deaths are caused，and many more lose homes…（6）the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake （7），other disasters such as fires often （8）．More buildings are destroyed and more （9）are caused．It is well known of the （10）of possible earthquake，and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes．More than 2，000 years ago，（11），a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng （12）the very machine （13）could find out from which （14）the seismic （地震的） waves had come，and this machine is still（15）by scientists today．Now we know much more about earthquakes and（16）they happen，but we stillcannot （17）exactly when and where an earthquake will happen，and cannot （18）it from happening．So earthquakes are among the （19）disasters in the world．No one can stop natural earthquakes．（20），scientists can help stop earthquakes from destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths．（1）A．common B．unusual C．strange D．familiar（2）A．real B．weak C．big D．small（3）A．get B．put C．set D．fall（4）A．off B．on C．into D．behind（5）A．burst B．hurt C．destroyed D．buried（6）A．Except B．Besides C．Instead of D．Because of（7）A．lonely B．later C．themselves D．itself（8）A．follow B．copy C．come D．enter（9）A．quakes B．deaths C．difficulties D．results（10）A．informationB．questions C．dangers D．shock（11）A．as a result B．in fact C．for example D．as well（12）A．invented B．discovered C．found D．operated（13）A．where B．which C．as D．that（14）A．country B．directions C．ways D．city（15）A．improved B．repaired C．protected D．used（16）A．where B．when C．what D．why（17）A．speak B．tell C．talk D．point（18）A．make B．prepare C．stop D．let（19）A．worst B．best C．most D．fast（20）A．However B．But C．And D．So第四部分：笔试部分（共四节）第一节：单句语法填空，每空填写一词（15分）16．（1分）Finally，the thief handed over everything he had stolen to the police．17．（1分）The big earthquake destroyed the city （entire）．18．（1分）The magazine which Betty paid one dollar was very good．19．（1分）I found him an honest and（rely） man．20．（1分） is known to all，English is not very difficult to learn．21．（1分）A teacher should not show（prefer） for any one of his students．22．（1分）He saw a house windows were all broken．23．（1分）We send our（congratulate） to her when she passed the exam．24．（1分）We should read such books will make us better and wiser．25．（1分）The man was too（frighten） to stand up．26．（1分）After hearing his words，the poor girl burst tears and rushed from the room．27．（1分）The army organized teams to dig out those were trapped and to bury the dead．28．（1分）In the traffic accident，he was seriously（injure）．29．（2分）Was it in 2008he was still at middle school he became an expert at computer．第二节：短文语法填空（10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（答案请写在短文下面的划线上）．30．（10分）In the past，black people in South Africa（75） （live） a miserable（悲惨的） life．They could not vote or choose their （76） （leader）．They could not get the jobs they wanted．The parts of town in which they had to live （77） （decide） by white people．They lived in the （78） （poor） areas in the country and could not get jobs they wanted．Nelson Mandela，a modern hero，called for black people（79） （fight） against white people to make black and white people equal．He said，"We were put into a position（80） we had either to accept we were less important，（81） fight the Government．We chose to attack the law．We first broke the law（82） a way which was（83）（peace）； when this was not allowed…only then （84）we decide to answer violence with violence．"第三节：单句改错（一句一错）（10分）31．（1分）One Sunday morning，there were much people in the park．．32．（1分）There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench，read a newspaper． ．33．（1分）We both work hardly and love sports．．34．（1分）I have been interesting in science since my childhood．．35．（1分）All the time he was glancing at his new shoes what his father had bought for him．．36．（1分）Our teacher was in the charge of this activity．．37．（1分）We should protect themselves from danger．．38．（1分）I was invited my friend Sam's home for dinner．．39．（1分）My aunt felt sadly and wanted him to stop doing experiment．．40．（1分）That night，we had a great fun together．．第四节：书面表达（满分25分）41．（25分）假设你叫李华，你的初中同学王莹到广州读高中，她来信告诉你，她的英语跟不上那里学生的英语水平，课堂上听不懂，不知道怎样才能提高英语，希望你给她提些有关英语学习的建议．现在请你根据以下内容提示给她写一封回信．【写作内容】1．对她在英语学习方面有困难表示关心，并愿意提供帮助．2．给她提出建议：1）每天坚持阅读，提高阅读能力；2）扩大词汇量；3）多听英语录音带或光盘，模仿准确的语音语调，提高听力；3．提出希望：希望她在英语方面能取得进步，并赶上其他同学．注意：词数：120字左右；参考词汇：积累、背：memorize；模仿：imitate；语调：intonationDear Wang Ying，Nice to hear from you again!All the best!Yours，Li Hua．。
河南省南阳市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题
河南省南阳市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解A music festival is a community event focusing on live performances of singing and instrument playing that is often presented with a theme. On the list are the music festivals for fans around the world. Find your favorite now!Field DayJanuary 1, 2023, SydneyField Day means New Year’s Day for young people in Sydney. Seen as the city’s original multi-stage party, it’s a gathering of friends coming together for a great fun-filled first day of the year. There’s an air of hope and positive energy on a perfect summer’s day.The Envision FestivalFebruary 27—March 6, 2023, UvitaThe Envision Festival is an annual gathering in Costa Rica that aims to provide an opportunity for different cultures to work with one another to create a better community. The festival encourages people to practice art, music, dance performances, and education. Meanwhile, our connection with nature is expected to be strengthened.The McDowell Mountain Music FestivalMarch 2—4, 2023, PhoenixThe McDowell Mountain Music Festival is Phoenix’s musical celebration of community culture. Since its foundation in 2004, it has been the only 100% non-profit music festival designed to support, entertain and educate the community. The festival attracts thousands of visitors each year from around the country, and it is an opportunity to experience true culture.The Old Settler’s Music FestivalApril 20—23, 2023, DaleThe Old Settler’s Music Festival is a nationally known music festival for American music. The festival is held in the country of Texas at the height of the wild flower season. The Old Settler’s Music Festival offers great music and activities for the whole family.1．In which city can people enjoy a fun New Year’s Day?A．Phoenix.B．Uvita.C．Sydney.D．Dale. 2．What is special about the McDowell Mountain Music Festival?A．It encourages people to receive education.B．It is not aimed at making money.C．It provides an opportunity for friend gathering.D．It focuses on cultural exchanges. 3．Which festivals are connected with nature?A．Field Day and the Envision Festival.B．The Envision Festival and the McDowell Mountain Music Festival.C．The Old Settler’s Music Festival and the McDowell Mountain Music Festival.D．The Envision Festival and the Old Settler’s Music Festival.In the year 2000, as usual, my family were coming back from a T-ball game at the weekend. However, little did we know that a surprise was waiting for us in our driveway —panic, with their baby left behind.Hours passed before night eventually fell. It was clear that the small goose needed protection, warmth and food to make it to the morning. We brought him to our backyard. Each morning, we would try to drive the small goose away to his parents, who kept coming back to our yard. He wouldn’t go to them, though, and neither would the adult geese come close enough to take him back. Realizing the young goose had apparently decided we were his family then, we gave him a name, calling the little guy Peeper.Days turned into weeks and weeks into months. The little creature had grown into a big bird with two powerful wings before we knew it. One day, when my dad threw Peeper in the air, he just flew away and didn’t come back. With night falling, all of us became increasingly worried. We looked for him, called his name and anxiously expected his return. But he never appeared again. It took a long time before we accepted the fact that he was missing. We could only pray he found his parents and went off on his natural way.So I was thrilled to see when, in 2019, an adult goose made his way back to my family home. He did all of the same things Peeper used to do! Much to my amazement, he even responded to the name Peeper. It became clear to me that my old best friend had returned many years later.This experience has been as meaningful to me as anything in my life. Looking beyond our reach high in the sky, birds have feelings like human beings, so do many other living things. We human beings should learn to get along with them. We need each other’s care and protection for a better world.4．Which of the following can best replace “startled” in paragraph 1?A．Astonished.B．Confused.C．Terrified.D．Embarrassed. 5．Why did the family give the goose a name Peeper?A．Because the small goose regarded himself as one of the family members.B．Because the small goose was abandoned by its parents.C．Because the small goose didn’t respond to the family when spoken to.D．Because the small goose finally came back many years later.6．How did the family feel when they found the goose was missing?A．Thrilled and Relieved.B．Puzzled and Desperate.C．Frightened and Upset.D．Concerned and Sorrowful.7．What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?A．To raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.B．To share a story about a goose and his family.C．To remind readers to live in harmony with wild animals.D．To call for people’s love and care for geese.David Bennett Sr. , who was seriously ill and seeking a miracle, took the last bet on Jan. 7, when he became the first human to be successfully transplanted with the heart of a pig. “It creates the beat; it creates the pressure; it is his heart,” declared Bartley Griffith, director of the surgical team that performed the operation at the University of Maryland Medical Center.Bennett, aged 57, held on through 60 tomorrows, far longer than any previous patient who’d received a heart from another species. His remarkable run offered new hope that such procedures, known as xenotransplantation (异种移植) could help relieve the shortage of replacement organs, saving thousands of lives each year.The earliest attempts at xenotransplantation of organs, involving kidneys from rabbits, goats, and other animals, occurred in the early 20th century, decades before the first successful human-to-human transplants. Rejection, which occurs when the recipient’s body system recognizes the donor organ as a foreign object and attacks it, followed within hours or days. Results improved after some special drugs arrived in the 1960s, but most recipients still died after a few weeks. The record for a heart xenotransplantation was set in 1983, when an infant named Baby Fae survived for 20 days with an organ from a baboon (狒狒).However, in recent years, advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility:re-edit some genes in animals to provide user-friendly spare parts. Pigs could be ideal for this purpose, because they’re easy to raise and reach adult human size in months. Some biotech companies, including Revivicor, are investing heavily in the field. The donor pig was offered by Revivicor from a line of animals in which 10 genes had been re-edited to improve the heart’s condition Besides, the pig was raised in isolation and tested regularly for viruses that could infect humans or damage the organ itself.This medical breakthrough provided an alternative for the 20% of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate. 8．What can we learn from the passage?A．Bennett survived the surgery and has lived healthily since then.B．The operation on Bennett was successfully carried out.C．Xenotransplantation completely solve the problem of the shortage of replacement organs.D．Many patients have received the heart from a pig but failed to live as long as Bennett. 9．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 3?A．The process of an xenotransplantation operation.B．The consequence of the xenotransplantation operation.C．The significance of the xenotransplantation operation.D．The past exploration of the xenotransplantation operation.10．What makes pigs ideal for providing spare parts in xenotransplantation?A．Their growth speed and health condition.B．Their life pattern and resistance to viruses.C．Their easiness of keeping and rapid growth.D．Their investment value and natural qualities.11．Why was Bennett’s operation considered as a breakthrough?A．It offered a possibility of replacement organs through gene editing.B．It proved the potential for using organs from various animals.C．It guaranteed a sufficient supply of donor pigs for transplants.D．It introduced new medications to prevent organ rejection.Ask the new artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT to write an essay about the cause of the American Civil War and you can watch it produce a persuasive term paper in a matterof seconds that has even be enable to pass school exams. That’s one reason why New York City school officials this week started blocking the impressive but controversial writing tool that can generate paragraphs of human-like text. The free tool has been around for just five weeks but is already raising tough questions about the future of AI in education, the tech industry and a host of professions.ChatGPT was launched on Nov. 30 and is part of a new generation of AI systems that can chat, generate readable text on demand and even produce novel images and video based on what they’ve learned from a vast database of digital books, online writings and other media. But unlike previous models of so-called “large language models”, such as Open AI’s GPT-3, launched in 2020, the ChatGPT tool is available to anyone with an Internet connection for free and designed to be more user-friendly. It works like a written dialogue between the AI system and the person asking it questions.Millions of people have played with it over the past month, using it to write silly poems or songs, trying to trick it into making mistakes, or for more practical purposes such as helping compose an email.As with similar systems, ChatGPT can generate convincing prose, but that doesn't mean what it says is factual or logical. Its launch came with little guidance on how to use it, other than a promise that ChatGPT will admit when it's wrong.Many school districts are still struggling to figure out how to set policies on whether and how it can be used. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success,” said a school’s spokesperson Jenna Lyle from NYC．But there's no stopping a student from accessing ChatGPT from a personal phone or computer at home.12．What can we learn about the term paper from paragraph 1?A．It is a result of the improvement of education.B．It can be rated as passing byschoolteachers.C．It has caught the attention of the public.D．It acts as a model for students to follow. 13．What makes Chat GPT different from GPT-3?A．ChatGPT can create text.B．ChatGPT can edit digital books.C．ChatGPT is free of charge to all.D．ChatGPT can ask its users questions. 14．What is Jenna's attitude towards students’ use of Chat GPT?A．Favourable.B．Tolerant.C．Uncaring.D．Disapproving. 15．What is the best title for the text?A．How Are Schools Handling Chat GPT?B．You Can Check When ChatGPT’s Telling the TruthC．What Is ChatGPT and Why Are Schools Blocking It?D．Students Are Using ChatGPT to Do Their Homework二、七选五The human brain is the command center for the nervous system and enables thoughts, memory, movement, and emotions. As the population ages, the challenges for thehow to protect it.Exercise regularly. Regular physical exercise tends to help fight against the natural reduction in brain connections that occur during aging. Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease. 17Have a “right” nap. Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long. 18 While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories.19 Your brain is similar to a muscle -you need to use it or lose it. There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards. You can also learn something new such as musical instruments, drawing, or even digital devices. Combine different types of activities to increase the effectiveness.Eat a Mediterranean diet. Studies show people who closely follow a Mediterranean diet are less likely to have brain disease than people who don’t follow the diet. 20 However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly.A．Stay mentally active.B．Explore new interests if possible.C．But keep in mind that the length matters.D．These benefits result from regular exercise.E．Your diet plays a large role in your brain health.F．Therefore a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health for seniors.G．Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most三、完形填空Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives with banks, consulting firms,most.21．A．much B．never C．very D．well 22．A．least B．last C．first D．best 23．A．shared B．paid C．equaled D．spent 24．A．committed B．witnessed C．admitted D．classified 25．A．complain B．dream C．hear D．approve 26．A．curious B．guilty C．envious D．empty 27．A．accustomed B．appointed C．accessible D．available 28．A．also B．but C．instead D．rather 29．A．let out B．give away C．give up D．believe in 30．A．fundamental B．practical C．impossible D．unforgettable 31．A．take off B．drop off C．put off D．pay off 32．A．missing B．inspiring C．sinking D．shining 33．A．measure B．suffer C．digest D．deliver 34．A．catastrophes B．motivations C．campaigns D．decisions 35．A．assessed B．involved C．covered D．estimated四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
河南省商丘市2023-2024学年八年级上学期11月期中考试英语试题
2023—2024 学年度第一学期期中素质评估试卷八年级英语注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2.本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上的注意事项的要求，直接把答案填写在答题卡上。
答在试卷上的答案无效。
一、听力理解(20 小题，每小题1分，共20分)第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
1. What class are they going to play against?A、Class 1, Grade 8. B. Class 2, Grade 8. C. Class 3, Grade 8.2. When did table tennis come into being?A. In 1881.B. In 1818.C. In 1808.3. Who did the boy take part in the long jump with?A. His brother.B. His teacher.C. His friend.4. What did the woman feel like having?5. What are they talking about?A. Favorite players.B. The soccer game.C. Illness and health.第二节听下面几段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7 两个小题。
6. What is the man going to be in the future?A. A scientist.B. A policeman.C. A musician.7. When is the woman leaving for Beijing?A. On October 11.B. On October 12.C. On October 13.听下面一段对话，回答第8 至第9 两个小题。
【英语】河南省信阳市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中试题(解析版)
河南省信阳市2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
AEstablished 11 years ago, Let Me Play started off as a sports camp organization. Through rapid growth and diversification, we now provide coaching and teaching programs for after-school clubs, breakfast clubs and lunch-time clubs for schools across London.We need passionate coaches to deliver high quality lessons to children aged 5 to 18 in schools in and around London. Each class will have 15-20 children. There will be a framework (框架) of coaching principles to work within but coaches are expected to bring their expertise and coaching knowledge and to make teaching plans before every lesson.This job is perfect for a student or someone looking for extra work, as the hours are flexible.Person Specification:A keen interest in sports coachingConfident in deliveryGood level of EnglishEXCELLENT communication skillsCapable of coaching in at least one sportExperience of working with ChildrenAnti-Discrimination (歧视) and Equal OpportunitiesSport belongs to and should be enjoyed by everyone equally. Let Me Play is aimed to remove discrimination whether by reason of race, nationality, ethnic origin, color, religion or ability and to encourage equal opportunities.How to apply:*******************************.ukClosing date: Friday 14th NovemberAssessment day: Monday 17th NovemberIncome: £20 per hourLocation: Schools all over London1. What is Let Me Play?A. It’s a charity organization.B. It’s a voluntary organization.C. It’s a fast-developing organization.D. It’s a world-wide organization.2. What should a coach of Let Me Play do?A. Set out lesson plans in advance.B. Get professional training before work.C. Give lessons to primary school students.D. Make a framework of coaching principles.3. What is required for an applicant?A. Sending the CV in person.B. A keen interest in human rights.C. Experience in sports coaching.D. Applying before 14th November.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。
2023-2024学年河南省部分重点高中高三上学期期末考试英语试题
2023-2024学年河南省部分重点高中高三上学期期末考试英语试题The Best Writing Contests of 2024Kentucky Visions Short Story ContestThe Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest, an annual contest, is designed to highlight Kentucky’s rich literary talent and celebrate the best in short fiction written by Kentuckians or about our beloved Bluegrass State.Top prize Best entry: $500Entry requirements Fee: FREEDeadline March 31, 2024Fiction Factory Flash FictionThis is an international competition—we welcome entries from around the world. Maximum word count: 1,000, Stories may be on any theme. Entries must be previously unpublished. Results will be announced by April 2024. Minimum age: 16 years. Children’s compositions cannot be accepted sadly.Top prize Best entry: £500Entry requirements Fee: FREEDeadline March 31, 2024Journalism Competition 2024What are the most important issues taking place close to home? Perhaps a rare bird sighting near your town? Or a band of young people in your province fighting for access to higher education? This month, involve yourself in a newsworthy event inside the borders of your own country, and invite us there through your written reporting.Top prize Best entry: $100Entry requirements Fee: FREEDeadline July 22, 2024Poetry & Spoken Word Competition 2024“Poetry lays the foundations for a future of change,” wrote Audre Lorde. This month, sow your own seeds of change into poetry, or else write and perform an original piece of spoken word(poetry performed aloud). We’ll award two top prizes-one for a written poem, and one for a recorded performance.Top prize Best entry: $100Entry requirements Fee: FREEDeadline May 27, 20241. Which contest accepts entries both at home and abroad?A．Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest. B．Fiction Factory Flash Fiction.C．Journalism Competition 2024. D．Poetry&-Spoken Word Competition2024.2. What do we know about Poetry&-Spoken Word Competition 2024?A．It offers two first prizes. B．It only requests written compositions.C．It provides the highest awards. D．It inspires students to perform actively.3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?A．To compare some writing contests. B．To recommend good writing contests.C．To share tips on winning writing contests. D．To remind students to enter writing contests.“Will you go on this ride with me? ”my friend’s eleven-year-old daughter Jenny asked. I could have made up an excuse for not wanting to have a go. But earlier that morning, I was ready to push myself out of my comfort zone. Jenny stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no.After climbing into our seats, an attendant reached up, pulled down the bar, and locked it in place. The ride lifted us slowly, then turned us over like the blueberry pancakes I had eaten three hours earlier, and hoped to keep in their proper place. As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear. I wondered if I had replacement coverage for the phone that I was sure would slip out of my pocket and break into a million tiny pieces. I wondered when my new health insurance would kick in.The ride touched down after twisting and turning our bodies. My friend was waiting for us at the exit. “How was it?” she asked. “Fine. No big deal,” I said, even though my head was spinning(旋转)like one of the other annoying machines dotting the midway.Jenny walked ahead of us and convinced me to keep taking chances and sample more rides. “Oh, look at the pirate ship(海盗船)!” she said. “That looks like a calm ride.”“Let’s go, Auntie!” she said as she rushed to join others in line.I followed her, confident the ride would be uneventful. When I reached the bottom, I tapped out likea WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was on cloud nine. That morning, I had set a goal, taken my first step to reach it, and felt the joy of achievement.Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow—a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction.4. What made the author decide to try riding with Jenny?A．The desired look in Jenny’s eyes.B．The curiosity about the unknown.C．The encouragement from other riders. D．The eagerness to experience somethingexciting.5. What happened to the author when she was in the high sky?A．She lost her phone. B．She got into a panic.C．She was served pancakes. D．She almost fell off the seat.6. What does the underlined word “exhilarated” in paragraph 7 mean?A．Occupied. B．Excited. C．Confused. D．Disappointed.7. What message does the story convey?A．He who hesitates is lost. B．It’s never too late to learn.C．One’s potential can’t always be underrated. D．It’s worthwhile to ge t out of your comfort zone.California has been using recycled wastewater for many years. A team has used it to make ice surfaces for the game of hockey(冰球运动). It has been used to make snow for the sport of skiing. And farmers use it to water their crops. But it has not been used directly for drinking water.Recently, California officials approved new rules to let water agencies recycle wastewater and put it right back into the pipes that carry drinking water to homes, schools, and businesses. It is a big step for California.California’s new rules would let—but not require—water agencies to take wastewater, treat it, and then put it right back into the drinking water system. That means proving to people that recycled water is not only safe to drink but also not dirty. California would be just the second US state to permit this, following Colorado. It has taken officials more than 10 years to develop these rules, a process that included several studies by independent groups of scientists.A project in Sa n Diego is aiming to produce nearly half of the city’s water through recycling wastewater by 2035. And the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California aims to produce up to nearly 570 million liters(升)a day for its 19 million people. Adel Hagekhalil is with Metropolitan Water. He said the new rules will permit new projects that have not yet been considered.California’s new rules require the wastewater be treated for all bacteria and viruses, even if they are not present in the wastewater. In fact, the treatment is so intense that it removes all of the minerals that make fresh drinking water taste good. That means the minerals need to be added back at the end of the process. Polhemus is a director of the drinking water group for the California Water Resources Control Board. “It’s at the same drinking water quality, and probably better in many instances,” he said, adding that it takes time and money to build these treatment centers. So, they will only be available for bigger cities at first.8. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about the recycled wastewater?A．Its qualities. B．Its functions.C．Its target users. D．Its disadvantages.9. What do California and Colorado have in common?A．They made some new rules on pollution.B．They spent ten years recycling wastewater.C．They tried to make wastewater safe to drink.D．They requested water agencies to speed up treating water.10. What is Polhemus’s attitude to turning recycled wastewater to drinking water?A．Doubtful. B．Favorable. C．Pessimistic. D．Indifferent.11. What is the best title for the text?A．The Process of Recycling Wastewater Is ComplicatedB．California Tries to Reduce the Wastewater GenerationC．California Permits Turning Wastewater to Drinking WaterD．New Wastewater Treatment Projects Have Been Approved“Given that signs of Alzheimer’s disease (老年痴呆症) start to accumulate in the brain several decades before the disease begins, understanding the connection between sleep and cognition (认知) earlier in life is critical for underst anding the role of sleep problems as a risk factor for the disease,” said study author Yue Leng, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco.The study involved 526 people with an average age of 40. They were followed for 11 years. Researchers loo ked at participants’ sleep duration and quality. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor for three continuous days on two occasions approximately one year apart to calculate their averages. Participants slept for an average of six hours. Participants also reported bedtime and wake-up time in a sleep diary and completed a sleep quality survey with scores ranging from 0 to 21. A total of 239 people reported poor sleep with a score greater than five.Researchers also looked at sleep fragmentation (碎片化), a measure of restlessness during the sleep period expressed as a percentage. The higher the value, the more sleep is interrupted. Participants were divided into three groups based on their sleep fragmentation score. Of the 175 people with the most interrupted sleep, 44 had poor cognitive performance 10 years later, compared to 10 of the 176 people with the least interrupted sleep.After adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, people who had the most interrupted sleep had more than twice the possibility of having poor cognitive performance when compared to those with the least interrupted sleep. There was no difference in cognitive performance at midlife for those in the middle group compared to the group with the least interrupted sleep.However, due to the small sample size, the researchers were unable to fully investigate potential race or sex differences. “More research is needed to assess the link between sleep disturbances and cognition at different life stages and to identify if critical life periods exist when sleep is more strongly associated with cognition,” Leng said.12. What do we know about Yue Leng’s study?A．Data collection was an easy process. B．It aimed to find a cure for Alzheimer’s.C．The results were far from satisfactory. D．Higher scores mean poorer sleep quality.13. What can we learn about sleep fragmentation in the study?A．It did require outside intervention. B．It included a series of memory tests.C．It measured short interruptions of sleep. D．It determined those participants’ groups.14. What do the findings indicate according to the text?A．The quality of sleep may affect cognitive health.B．Keeping a sleep diary can improve one’s sleep quality.C．People sleeping well won’t suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.D．People with i nterrupted sleep won’t have memory problems.15. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A．The major limitation of the study.B．An explanation of the research method.C．A possible reason for the study findings.D．The use of careful investigations in real life.Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. 16 . When you’re stressed and anxious during an exam, your mind has a tendency to go completely blank. Here are some tips on how to reduce or overcome test anxiety.Get to know the materialFirst, you need to know the topic of the exam. 17 . Knowing as much as possible about the material can get you ready for the test. As to any exam, learn your material thoroughly. Memorize what needs to be memorized and understand what needs to be understood.Slow down and calm yourself18 . So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. Wait for the class to settle down before you start answering. Saying a few words of encouragement and conscious breathing can help you calm yourself down.19If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first!Silence unwanted pressuresBelieve it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. Seeing them cramming (恶补), telling you what you need to remember and what might show up in the exam will affect your preparation. Get past through the negative and unwanted thoughts and remind yourself of how well you know about the topic. Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. 20 .Zac Clark was doing yard work with his mother this past weekend. They ______ heard their neighbor’s wife calling for help. She told them her husband was ______ underneath their car.Zac didn’t ______ to rush over to their house to help. “Instincts (本能) kicked in and I just ran over there. I guess the jack (千斤顶) broke or ______ and the car fell on top of him,” Zac said. “The only thing I could see was his legs and he was ______ .” The n, without any ______ , Zac came up and used all his strength to ______ the car off his neighbor a little bit. Then his wife and Zac’s mom could ______ him out from under it. Immediately the ______ neighbor got rushed to the hospital.“He had a couple of broken bones and his face was messed up pretty bad, but the doctors told him if I wasn’t there, then he’d be ______ ,” Zac said.Zac’s football coach Dave Carroll said he was ______ when he heard about what Zac had done. “He has just a ______ heart,” Carroll said. “Here’s a young man who’s been ______ sadness himself with his father passing away last summer, but he had no hesitation in saving somebody’s life.”Zac said he was thinking of his late ______ as he lifted the car and wanted his neighbor to be able to spend his life with his family.The lucky man is now ______ at home.21.A．actually B．gradually C．suddenly D．initially22.A．trapped B．laid C．threatened D．abandoned23.A．afford B．hesitate C．intend D．dare24.A．functioned B．maintained C．slipped D．switched25.A．observing B．struggling C．resisting D．crying26.A．delay B．recognition C．reference D．comparison 27.A．fix B．press C．restore D．lift28.A．kick B．pull C．pick D．guide29.A．saved B．separated C．prepared D．admitted30.A．dizzy B．absent C．dead D．lost31.A．satisfied B．amazed C．confused D．excited32.A．healthy B．soft C．strong D．loyal33.A．going through B．taking on C．working out D．adapting to 34.A．teacher B．mother C．neighbor D．father35.A．exercising B．competing C．promoting D．recovering阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
河南省实验中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
河南省实验中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解There is a kind of woman in the world who has the ability to complete the difficult challenges of their own life and to inspire (激励) others to achieve great things. They’re strong and independent, wise and successful, talented and brave, and can teach all of us a lot.Still AliceIn this film, we can have a look at a family’s relationships, fears, worries and struggles. The film’s main character Alice, aged 50, fights bravely with Alzheimer’s disease: she’s the perfect example of an iron-willed woman.Julianne Moore’s amazing performance adds extra charm to this character.Erin BrockovichThe film is about Erin Brockovich, a strong yet easily-hurt woman, but ordinary weakness is not allowed in her situation. She may not be a genius, but her persistence (坚韧) and care about others allow her to achieve the impossible: a victory over a powerful and major company that is literally poisoning people.When you are about to give up on something, simply watch this movie for encouragement.The Devil Wears PradaAs an assistant to impossibly demanding New York fashion magazine editor Miranda Priestly, young Andy Sachs has landed a job that “a million girls would die for.” Unluckily, her heaven-sent post as Miranda’s assistant just might be the death of her!There’s a very classic line in the film: Let me know when your whole life goes up in smoke. That means it’s time for a promotion (提拔).Mona Lisa SmileThis movie teaches you about dignity (尊严), courage and persistence, and the central theme is learning to have a mind of your own.Katherine Watson is a recent UCLA graduate hired to teach art history at the all-female Wellesley College, in 1953. Determined to face up to the outdated customs of society, Katherine inspires her traditional students to challenge the lives they are expected to lead.1．What is the film Erin Brockovich trying to tell us?A．Never ever give up.B．Many hands make light work.C．Cross the bridge when you come to it.D．Don’t put the cart before the horse.2．Which film mainly focuses on teaching you how to think for yourself?A．Erin Brockovich.B．Still Alice.C．Mona Lisa Smile.D．The Devil Wears Prada.3．What do the four films have in common?A．Winning a number of film awards.B．Singing high praise for great women.C．Naming all these films after women.D．Fighting for women’s social position.While most people are inspired by the motto(座右铭), “you’re never too old to learn something new,” Kimeila Campbell has also shown that you’re never too young to bring about change. Born in Jamaica and then having moved to the United States, Kimeila grew up watching her entrepreneur (创业者) mother run an event space.“Seeing her go through ups and downs made me want to be an entrepreneur too,” said Kimeila, who sometimes helped her mom at Glitz Elite Events Studio. “I thought for my age, maybe I’m too young. My mom said it could help other kids and teen entrepreneurs instead of just making money for myself.”With this ambition(雄心), she started her own monthly magazine in January when she celebrated her 14th birthday. Her YNTY magazine --which stands for You’re Never Too Young --aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures(公众人物). It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age.“Nowadays, teenagers look up to rich women and men on social media and dream to be like them, without any idea of the price they had to pay to get to where they are now,” Kimeila said to the QSN website. “Consider your choices carefully and make goals for where you want to be in the future.”In the magazine, Kimeila shows hot topics, daily affirmations (每日警句) in business, aswell as suggestions from professionals and those who have made it in their industries. Meanwhile, the YNTY magazine also includes a special part in which necessary steps are given to parents of young entrepreneurs to help and guide their children. “One thing I’d like my readers to know is that ... if you believe you can do it, YNTY is where you can come to find a community of comfort and confidence to support your dreams.”Kimeila refused to wait until she’s older to make a difference in the world. In the next five years, the young girl wants to make the YNTY magazine “appear on newsstands around the world, in various languages, a famous name and the source ‘kidpreneurs (少年企业家)’ go to for advice and inspiration whenever they feel discouraged or at a loss,” the QNS website noted.4．What does the article tell us about Campell?A．She was born and raised in the US.B．Her mom inspired her to be an entrepreneur.C．Her motto is “You are never too young”.D．She wants to run her own events studio in the future.5．Why does Campell have the goal of starting her YNTY Magazine?A．To get to know more public figures.B．To earn herself money and fame.C．To inspire young entrepreneurs.D．To promote her mom’s event space.6．What can readers expect to read in YNTY Magazine?A．Popular fashion topicsB．Suggestions from teachers.C．Daily jokes about businessD．Tips for parents of young entrepreneurs7．Which of the following best describes Campell?A．Helpful and ambitious B．Organized and modestC．Creative and careful D．Brave and emotional.Once upon a time, researchers dreamed of building a robot storyteller. It would not only entertain (娱乐) young children, but also help them learn well. This dream has come true. The robot is called Tega. It is cute and appears to be useful in increasing young children’slanguage skills. Developed by a team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Tega sounds like a child, makes its body and face full of life while storytelling and explains the tales on a screen with pictures.In an eight-week experiment, Tega read picture books to 67 children aged from 4 to 6 in weekly meetings lasting an hour. During the meetings, Tega asked questions to have knowledge of the listeners’ language skills, tested them on a word’s meaning or asked them to describe a character. For example, Tega asked, “What do you think will happen to the boy?” Tega also recorded the facial expressions and body positions of the children to see how interested they were. For example, keeping the body forward was considered a good sign. After the book was finished, the children retold the story to Tega in their own words.One group of kids played with a personalized version (版本) of the robot, which improved each time it interacted with the kids, learning about their language skills from the conversations they had. For this group, Tega chose which book to read based on what it thought would be most suitable for the children’s language level. Every second time, Tega would replace (替换) several words in the story for these children with more difficult words with similar meanings, such as “clamour” in place of “noise”.A second group interacted with a non-personalized Tega that remembered the children each week, but chose stories to read at random (随机的) from its library of 81 picture books. For this group, the story difficulty increased every two weeks. A third group of kids didn’t interact with Tega at all.Several weeks after the last meeting, the team found that all the children who played with Tega had increased their vocabularies (词汇), but the personalized group learned the most words. Their error rate on a vocabulary test dropped by 23 percent, almost double that of the non-personalized group. The stories that the children told back to the personalized robot were also longer and more wonderful, says team member Hae Won Park.8．What do we know about Tega?A．It has a voice of an adult.B．It is connected to the Internet.C．It can tell stories in a lively way.D．It is mainly designed to entertain kids.9．Why did Tega ask questions during the meetings?A．To keep the kids interested.B．To help kids better understand a story.C．To know about the kids’ language skills.D．To encourage the kids to think independently.10．What do the results of the experiment show?A．Children enjoy telling back stories to Tega.B．Young kids really love interacting with others.C．The robot needs to be improved to work better.D．The personalized version of the robot helps kids most.11．What is the text mainly about?A．A new invention for kids.B．A personalized teaching method.C．A new way to increase kids’ vocabularies.D．A study carried out by researchers recently.While riding hard on a bike, do you feel like you are saving the planet? Or do you just feel out of breath? In fact, cycling is now considered one of the best weapons mankind can use in the fight against climate change.The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution (决议) in March supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change. The resolution calls on member states to “add the bicycle to public transportation, in the city and countryside, in developing and developed countries”, with all 193 members of the UN agreeing upon the resolution.The decision has received positive comments from different groups in support of cycling and the environmental awareness internationally. “It’s an important step toward the recognition of cycling as an important means of transport,” said the European Cyclists Federation.The resolution from the UN comes at a time when climate change has returned to the center of the world’s attention. On February 28, the UN published a new report assessing (评估) recent climate change trends (趋势). The report warns that the world’s average temperature will rise by 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900), with more than 40% of the world’s population being “easily affected” to these temperature changes.Cycling is an environmentally friendly means of transport. Choosing to take a bike instead of a car just once a day can reduce a person’s carbon emission (碳排放) fromtransport by 67 percent, according to a research by the University of Oxford. The research also found that cyclists produced 84 percent lower CO 2 emissions from all daily travel than non-cyclists.Cycling has grown in popularity as people who take public transport to work wish to stay away from crowded public transport and also like taking any opportunity to exercise. Cycling culture has been further encouraged with the influence of COVID-19. In May 2020, bike sales in Spain increased 22 times compared with 2019. In London, large parts of the city are being closed off to cars so that people can walk and cycle safely.More importantly, the resolution focuses on bike-sharing services, which could be seen as recognition of China’s bike-sharing success, noted CGTN. China has some of the largest bike-sharing systems in the world. This means of transport that produces zero emissions reduces the amount of CO2 sent out into the atmosphere (大气层) by 4.8 million tons every year, according to a 2020 report from the World Resources Institute.12．What is the resolution aimed at?A．Winning all member states’ support.B．Making bicycles part of public transport.C．Dealing with the problem of climate change.D．Making people healthier and more athletic.13．What leads to the popularity of the resolution according to the text?A．The whole world’s attention on climate change.B．Cycling is encouraged in numerous countries.C．China’s success in Bike-sharing systems.D．More people wish to exercise more.14．Why is cycling considered the best weapon against climate change?A．It get people to exercise and stay healthy.B．It can largely reduce our carbon footprint.C．It can reduce the influence of the COVID-19.D．It helps us stay away from crowded public transport.15．What would be the best title for the text?A．Cycling to improve health B．Cycling to a climate solutionC．Why is cycling so important D．A new resolution by the UN二、七选五Can you recognize the moment when you realize you’ve mastered a foreign language? It’s not when you get a perfect grade on a grammar test. It’s when you start thinking in that language! 16 . Here are some tips that will help you achieve the goal.Stop the Translating HabitDon’t try to say something after thinking of a sentence word by word in your own language, and then translating it into foreign words. It’s of little use because the logical(合乎逻辑的) flow of words in your mother tongue won’t sound well in a foreign language. When you’re thinking of something to say, start with the main parts of the sentence: the subject and the verb. 17 .Learn Words in PairsIt’s easier to learn the words when you add them into context(语境), and you connect them with one another. If, for example, you’re learning the word morning in a foreign language, you should also look up for words that go with it, such as good or early. You should also pair it with the opposites and check out some words that have similar meaning.18 .Pay Attention to GrammarV ocabulary is very important when you’re learning a foreign language, but that doesn’t mean you should forget all about the grammar rules. You can’t start thinking in a non-native(非母语的) language if you haven’t mastered its grammar basics. Make sure to put the rules you learn into practice every single day, and keep track of your progress.Practice WritingA writing practice will help you keep track of your progress, but it will also help you remember the things you’ve learned. 19 . Make sure you use proper grammar. This practice will not only make you a more confident speaker, but it will also help you start thinking in a foreign language.Practice Speaking and ListeningThat’s the final tip that leads you to perfection. Turn speaking and listening into a daily activity. You can listen to audiobooks(有声读物) in the foreign language, and then talk to someone about the impressions. If you don’t have anyone to talk to, just get in an empty room, record your speech and listen to it. 20 .A．You’ll surely recognize the signs of progress.B．That’s the best way to build up a huge vocabulary.C．You will find yourself better at understanding them.D．Try to notice and correct the mistakes in your writing.E．Then, it will be easy for you to build your sentence upon that.F．Remembering good sentences will go a long way towards writing a good article.G．And it takes hard work for your inner thoughts to start flowing in a language that’s not native.三、完形填空Andrew McLindon was a businessman and crazy cyclist. About 15 years ago, he was21．A．horse B．bike C．car D．motorcycle 22．A．came across B．played with C．packed up D．thought about 23．A．so B．while C．that D．because 24．A．balancing B．heating C．sliding D．exploring 25．A．neighbors B．parents C．volunteers D．friends 26．A．experimenting B．interacting C．debating D．competing 27．A．solutions B．attractions C．donations D．relations 28．A．benefit B．graduate C．survive D．shelter 29．A．addicted B．expensive C．formal D．wasteful 30．A．applied to B．worked with C．focused on D．checked in 31．A．spent B．used C．took D．tracked 32．A．always B．never C．seldom D．hardly 33．A．given up B．given back C．given away D．given off 34．A．make B．take C．contact D．run 35．A．However B．Therefore C．But D．And四、用单词的适当形式完成短文(health) marriage culture should also be advocated (提倡) across society 45 (cut) down the cost of marriage.五、建议信46．假定你是李华，你的初中同学韩梅给你来信，信中谈到高中进入新学校后，不知道怎么去交新的朋友，感到很烦恼。
2023-2024学年河南省湘豫名校联考高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题
2023-2024学年河南省湘豫名校联考高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题At its best, a family picnic is a mini-vacation: a chance to leave the day-to-day routine behind and spend some time together out under the open sky. These best picnic spots in Seattle and beyond offer a range of experiences, from farm fun to exploring woods to hiking.Poo Poo Point, IssaquahFor kids and adults who have the energy to take on a 2-mile hike uphill, this amusingly named destination in the Issaquah Alps offers huge rewards. After reaching the Chirico Trail, you come to a broad, clear area, with a sweeping view of Lake Sammamish, Issaquah and Bellevue. As for where to set up picnic camp, there are two picnic tables.Dr. Jose Rizal Park, SeattleLocated on the northwest corner of Beacon Hill, this park boasts a sweeping view overlooking Elliott Bay and downtown Seattle. Long before this spot became a park, the hillside was a favorite picnic destination for Filipino families living in the neighborhood. It’s named after Jose Rizal, a brilliant writer, a scientist and a hero in the Philippines’ s truggle for independence. The fantastic Seattle picnic spot also has a playground, an area for dogs and walking trails.Mount Baker Park, SeattleThis leafy lakefront park is one of Seattle Parks’ swimming beaches. It’s open this summer, with lifeguards on duty. The most popular place to picnic is probably near the swimming area, but there are many lovely shady spots in the inland part of the park. The updated playground will attract kids. For biking families, pack your wheels and enjoy a ride along Lake Washington Boulevard. A section is closed to cars on summer weekends to ensure cycling safely.Richmond Beach Saltwater Park, ShorelineCross a narrow bridge over the railroad tracks at Saltwater Park in Shoreline and you’re in a world of sun, sea and sa nd dunes. This is one of Puget Sound’s windy places, so you’ll often spot kiteboarders playing in the waves nearby. Even on a hot day, you’re likely to find a breeze to keep you cool at this picnic spot in Seattle.1. Where can you go if you want to experience Seattle city at your feet?A．Poo Poo Point, Issaquah. B．Dr. Jose Rizal Park, Seattle.C．Mount Baker Park, Seattle. D．Richmond Beach Saltwater Park,Shoreline.2. Why is a closed section offered in Mount Baker Park, Seattle?A．To please a family picnic. B．To update the playground.C．To secure the safety of riders. D．To taste a gateway to the sky.3. What do the four parks mentioned in the text have in common?A．A city adventure to thrill the kids. B．A chance of getting close to nature.C．An experience of learning. D．An ideal for family picnics.Looking back, Geoff Banks of Devon, England can hardly even remember how he first started writing to his American friend, Celesta Byrne.Geoff and Celesta were given each other's names and addresses as part of a school pen pal program back in 1938. They're both now 100 years old, and a lot has changed in the past 84 years: their age changed: their appearance changed; but one thing has not—they still use the traditional way to contact.“I honestly strug gle to remember something, but I was talking to Celesta recently and I think it was something to do with an American school's scheme, Geoff said.” They matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with this letter from an American girl, and we've just kept corresponding（通信）ever since. "Geoff and Celesta's relationship never turned romantic, but they shared a lot over the decades. They kept up their correspondence through World War II, sending updates about their families, friends, and work. In 2002, they finally got a chance to meet in person during a trip to New York City. Two years later, they met up again, but ever since then they've gone back to pen and paper.Recently, they've switched to digital forms of communication to stay in touch, something that's easier has been easier on their eyes and hands. Their children have helped them set up email accounts.“I've known this new thing called Zoom, I think, now to chat with her, but I leave all the technology to younger people. Deep down, I refuse to use Zoom. Writing to Celesta has been a source of great satisfaction'for me over the years,” said Geoff.Celesta says their relationship is “like people who live next door”. “You know how they're doing, you say a few words, and then you both go to work,” she explained. “She's always been there to write to, even if it was just birthday cards and Christmas cards,” Geoff added.4. What do Geoff and Celesta insist on doing over the 80 years?A．Enjoying telling jokes. B．Writing to each other.C．Creating a program. D．Keeping a secret.5. What do Geoff Banks' words in Paragraph 3 tell us?A．How they got in touch. B．Why they liked writing.C．What they both liked to do. D．When they ran a scheme.6. What is Geoff's attitude towards using Zoom to stay in touch?A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving. 7. What is the purpose of this text?A．To introduce a way to make friends. B．To teach us skills of writing letters.C．To tell us a tale of lifelong friends. D．To stress the power of technology.U. S. government officials have approved meat that is grown from cells in a laboratory to be sold in restaurants and food stores.Companies have been developing “lab-grown” meat for years. But the California-based companies Upside Foods and Good Meat are the first to have their products approved by the Department of Agriculture. Chicken is the only “lab-grown” meat permitted in the United States. However, lab-grown meat from cattle, pigs and sheep might be available soon.Production of meat grown in a laboratory begins by taking cells from fertilized eggs. The cells are combined with nutrients that support their growth in steel tanks. Upside Foods’s lab-grown meat is created in large sheets, which are then formed into final products. Good Meat transforms cells into several chicken products.Lab-grown meat is different from plant-based meat such as Impossible Burgers. Those products are made from plant materials. Researchers consider lab-grown meat to be “real” meat. Company representatives say the lab-grown chicken seems like real meat. Amy Chen is Upside Foods’ chief operating officer. She told the Associated Press, “The most common response we get is, ‘Oh, it tastes like chicken.’”Upside Foods has stated that they only can produce 22, 680 kilograms of lab-grown meat a year. Officials expect the price of lab-grown meat to be about $44 per kilogram. At such a price, only rich people will be able to purchase lab-grown meat. Therefore, it will not be available in grocery stores any tim e soon. Restaurants are expected to begin serving “lab-grown” meat within two to five years. Experts say it might be available in supermarkets in 7 to 10 years.Ricardo San Martin, director of the Alt: Meat Lab told the Associated Press, “If some high-end or wealthy people want to eat this instead of a chicken, it’s good.” Then he added, “Will that mean you will feed chicken to poor people? I honestly don’t see it.”Supporters of lab-grown meat say it does not require killing or hurting animals. They also say it helps diminish and ease the effects that feeding animals and animal waste have on the environment. But Martin said that if too little is produced, and only a small number of people eat it, it will have little effect on the environment.8. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about on lab-grown meat?A．Its growing process. B．Its main component.C．Its drawback. D．Its characteristics.9. Why is lab-grown meat unpopular in grocery stores soon?A．Because it’s tasteless.B．Because it’s costly.C．Because it’s harmful.D．Because it’s unprofitable.10. What does the underlined word “diminish” in the last paragraph mean?A．Conserve. B．Anticipate. C．Tackle. D．Decrease.11. What worries Ricardo San Martin on lab-grown meat?A．Its safety. B．Its popularity. C．Its output. D．Its potential.Bill Gates once said, “I choose a lazy person to do a hard job. Because a lazy person will find an easy way to do it.” If the fact that these words were said by one of the most financially successful people in human history doesn't tell you something, I’m not sure what will. There is a lot to be said for taking the shortcut, as it can so often save you both time and effort that you didn’t actually need to waste.How often do you follow a path in a park, only to see the grass has been trampled (踩) on by so many corner-cutters that it’s formed its own little shortcut? These little shortcuts are called “desire paths”, as they basically tell the world that these are people who would go the way they want rather than the way others want them to. If there is a way for them to get where they need to be without wasting any extra effort, you can be sure they will go for it.We don’t always need to make things unnecessarily hard for ourselves, so working out an easier way is always worth celebrating. After all, taking shortcuts isn’t always a bad thing in life. You can be sure that the bicycle was invented by someone who was sick of walking, not to mention the invention of the wheel probably came about after someone decided they didn’t want to carry everything anymore.From finding a better way to go about a given task in work to figuring out a quicker route on the journey home, it all comes back to the idea of working smarter being better than working harder. You don't need to wait for a path to be carved out for you. If your mind has worked out a way to make things easier for yourself and get the job done quickly then go ahead and do it.12. Why are Bill Gates’words mentioned?A．To present a fact. B．To clarify a concept.C．To explain a rule. D．To introduce a topic.13. What is advised to do according to the author?A．Go your way rather than others’.B．Treat taking shortcuts properly.C．Learn from the lazy persons. D．Make things hard for yourself.14. What can be learnt from the inventions of bicycles and wheels?A．Those inventions satisfy the need of lazy people.B．Most greatest inventions were created by geniuses.C．Finding a better way to do things is their motivation.D．Any attempt to make things easier will surely be rewarded.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Easier Said than Done B．Better Early than LateC．Work Smarter, Not Harder D．Take More Shortcuts in LifeHow to Care for Indoor PlantsIf you’ve ever had an indoor plant that’s quickly withered (枯萎), you might believe that you don’t have a green thumb or you’re not cut out for growing plants. 16 The truth is that anyone can be a good plant owner, and it really isn't complicated, we promise. In this article, we'll walk you through everything you need to know to care for your indoor plants, from watering to sunlight requirements to fertilizer.17 If your soil is either too dry or overwatered, it can damage the plant’s roots and prevent the plant from growing. In some cases under or over watering your plant can also kill it. Plants with thick leaves require more water than plants with leathery leaves. There is no specific frequency that works for all indoor plants. Instead, what you must do is determine what kind of plant you have, and follow guidelines on how often to water it by doing research on its specific type.Stick your finger in the soil to determine how wet it is below the surface. If you put your finger into the soil up to your joint, you can feel if your plant needs more water. If the soil feels damp, then you don’t need to water it. 18 If it feels dry then it’s likely you need to water it.Use water that is at room temperature. 68F or 20C is the best temperature to keep the water that you’re using to water your plants. 19 After that, you are supposed to take some actions to make the plants grow comfortably.Use a hand-held moisture (水分) meter to ensure water levels in your soil. 20 The mechanism explores the underlying soil to give you a reading on how hydrated (含水的) your soil is.“Enjoy the little things in life, for one day you’ll look back and realize they were the big things.” This ______ has stuck with me since the first time I read it. And it just makes so much ______ . Just the other day I caught a cold, the flu made me feel so ______ and sleepy. How I wished it was a ______ already. But it was Monday. I had to go to work.We have a care taker at work. Her name was Lucy, who usually prepares some nice lunch for us. She asked me with ______ if I was ill. After realizing that I was not okay, she was ______ me.As this serious illness made me ______ , Lucy hurriedly went to the hospital to fetch some medicine to ______ my headache. Her kind gesture and ______ melted my heart. I mean, she didn’t have todo that but she went out of her way to make it for me. I felt so good, I felt loved, I felt visible and it was a huge ______ .Life is made up of the little things. These little things go ______ most of the time so that we might ignore them. But they’re the biggest things and ______ t he best things. If you can collect these little things, you’ll never feel alone. These little things give hope and strength for doing more and doing better.Therefore, if something ______ makes your soul smile, note it and let it ______ on your mind and be remembered during dull days that life may ______ .21.A．quote B．routine C．privilege D．service22.A．trouble B．believe C．sense D．fun23.A．proud B．weak C．active D．ambitious24.A．balance B．breath C．pause D．weekend25.A．concern B．delight C．certainty D．caution26.A．displeased with B．interested in C．ashamed of D．sympathetic to 27.A．eye-catching B．head-spinning C．heartbreaking D．breathtaking 28.A．observe B．examine C．treat D．urge29.A．gratitude B．thankfulness C．thoughtfulness D．display30.A．relief B．promise C．wish D．direction31.A．unhurt B．unnoticed C．unfortunate D．unafraid32.A．temporarily B．doubtfully C．casually D．definitely33.A．tiny B．different C．meaningless D．precise34.A．feed B．strike C．stick D．hang35.A．make a decision B．block your way C．keep your word D．have a point阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
河南省部分名校2023-2024学年高三上学期核心模拟卷英语试卷(一)
河南省部分名校2023-2024学年高三上学期核心模拟卷英语试卷（一）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解As the weather warms up and days get longer, there’s no better place to spend a few hours than a rooftop bar, where you can take in the unbeatable views with a drink in your hand.Wagtail, LondonThere’s no shortage of rooftop bars with impressive views in London, but this fancy hot spot in Square Mile offers what must be some of the best in the town. From here, you can see the capital’s headline attractions— including the Shard, Tower Bridge, St Paul’s Cathedral and the Gherkin— while enjoying such cocktails as the Ruby.Goodness Gracious, LiverpoolFor unblocked views of Liverpool’s Three Graces— the Royal Liver Building, the Cunard Building and the Port of Liverpool Building— head to Goodness Gracious. The bar is at the top of a former bank that was built in the 1920s. It is a great place to relax with a drink or two while looking out over the city. It’s open daily between April and September, weather permitting.The White Lion, BristolThe scenery surrounding the White Lion is nothing short of breathtaking, with views including the famous Clifton Suspension Bridge, Avon Gorge and the rolling hills of Somerset. It’s quite the crowd-puller, so visit early if you want to get a nice seat. The bar operates on a first-come, first-served basis. The view is especially beautiful on a clear day.Nor’ Loft, EdinburghRaise a glass(or three)at Nor’ Loft, a stylish champagne(香槟)bar on the seventh floor of Market Street Hotel. Unsurprisingly, champagne takes centre stage here: There are more than 20 varieties from both independent growers and famous champagne houses. But expect cocktails, gins and whiskies; too. Visit in the evening when you can admire the brilliant sunset from the outdoor yard.1．Which of the following can visitors see at Wagtail?A．St Paul’s Cathedral.B．The Royal Liver Building.C．The Cunard Building.D．Clifton Suspension Bridge.2．What can we know about Goodness Gracious?A．It operates in an old bank.B．It has a good view of London.C．It is not open all year round.D．It is on the seventh floor of a hotel. 3．Where should visitors go if they want to try various famous champagne?A．The White Lion.B．Wagtail.C．Goodness Gracious.D．Nor’ Loft.Outside Chevak School, in western Alaska, the playground is covered with snow. But that doesn’t stop the new first-grade teacher, Amelia Tulim; from trying to lighten her students’ mood with an outdoor egg hunt. Inside the colorful plastic eggs are small animal-shaped erasers.Tulim grew up in Chevak, an Alaska Native community. It’s here, in the same school where she now works, that her third-grade teacher, Ed Sotelo, first inspired her to become an educator.In September this year, her dream finally came true.But being a new teacher is also hard. The long hours of grading and lesson-preparation can be tiring. Like many other teachers in poor districts across the US, she usually has to do far more than teach.Tulim, though, has a few advantages. She’s teaching in the community where she grew up, and shares the native culture with her students. Research shows that teachers who were trained in Alaska, as Tulim was, are less likely to leave the classroom than-outsiders.She also has Ed Sotelo, the 70-year-old retired teacher, who is always ready to support her. Sotelo was once a young teacher hired to fill a hard-to-staff job in this remote school. He and his family moved from Arizona in 1984, and he taught here until his retirement in 2009, though in reality, he’s far from retired.“He comes here once a month for the past 13 years to help the new teachers, including me,” says Tulim. “He packs his own food and takes a little sleeping bag with him, so he can sleep in the library.”During these monthly visits, they talk about lesson-planning, classroom management and her least favorite subject: grading, which she admits to doing a little later than she’d like.“His visits have really helped,” Tulim says. “I was nervous at the beginning. But as thesemester comes to a close, I feel much assured”.4．Why did Amelia Tulim decide to become a teacher?A．She was persuaded by Ed Sotelo.B．She was attracted by the good salary.C．She was inspired by one of her teachers.D．She was curious about the Natives’ culture.5．What can be learned from paragraph 4?A．Teachers in the US are poorly paid.B．Being a new teacher in the US is exciting.C．Teachers in Chevak have to work much harder.D．It is hard to compete for a teaching post in Chevak.6．Which of the following can best describe Ed Sotelo?A．Wealthy.B．Content.C．Adventurous.D．Unselfish.7．What does Amelia Tulim dislike about her job most?A．Grading.B．After-school activities.C．Lesson-planning.D．Classroom management.West Virginia has long been known as an important coal producing state in the eastern United States. But many mines are closing, leaving their workers without a job.James Scyphers was one of the workers. Today, he is happy to be working above ground—keeping bees. He says being a beekeeper is the best job he has ever had.“A lot of times underground I had to work in water and dark conditions. It’s miserable,” he says. But beekeeping is a real enjoyable job. I’m paying off a lot of my bills that we’ve had in the past.Scyphers found his current job through the Appalachian Beekeeping Collective. The non-profit program teaches people how to become beekeepers— including workers who have lost their jobs and other low-earning West Virginians seeking extra money. After a free five-week class, the new beekeepers receive bees, hives and the supplies they need to get started.Expert beekeeper Mark Lilly teaches at the Appalachian Beekeeping Collective. He says that during his travels around the state, he has seen people without hope. But the beekeeping program can help a family make an additional three to five thousand dollars a year. “If you’reonly making $30, 000 a year,” he said, “that’s a huge improvement in your life.”Scyphers agrees that this beekeeping program is not only giving people more income, but better yet, it’s giving people something to look forward to each day.West Virginia is a great place to raise bees and harvest honey. It has the largest forest in the world. Pesticides(杀虫剂)are rarely used because it doesn’t have commercial farming. In addition, it has many different plants and flowers all year round.8．What does the word “miserable” underlined in paragraph 3 mean?A．Safe.B．Amusing.C．Profitable.D．Uncomfortable.9．What are the statistics in paragraph 5 about?A．The lowest income in West Virginia.B．The average profit from beekeeping.C．The benefit of joining the program.D．The help provided for the beekeepers. 10．According to the text, West Virginia was known for ________.A．chemical products B．coal industryC．commercial farming D．beekeeping11．Where is the text most probably taken from?A．An agriculture report.B．A review of a non-profit program.C．A beekeeper’s guidebook.D．An introduction to an American state.What country does English belong to? The answer seems obvious: Britain. But there are about 18 million or 40% of people in the European Union speaking English— much more than the combine population of those core English-speaking countries, such as Britain, Canada and Australia.To make things more complex, the number of English-speakers born outside the tradition English-speaking countries grows every day and it is becoming not just a useful second language, but native one there. Already it is easy to find children in northern Europe who speak as though they come from America because they have been watching Hollywood films and TV programs, along with music gaming and social media.Today, many learners still aim for an American or British standard. Textbooks instruct India English-speakers to avoid Indianisms such as “What is your good name?” for “What is your first name?”, or “I am working here for years.” instead of “I have been working here for years.” A guide to avoiding Europeanisms has long existed in European Union institutions tokeep German-speakers from using “actual” to mean “current”, as it does in their language.Given enough time, new generations of foreign language speakers contribute not just words but their own grammar to the language they learn. “I am working here for years.” is a mistake today, but it is not hard to imagine it becoming standard in the future in India. If this disturbs you, remember that this text is written in a language that was a mixture of French, Latin and others until it became an unrecognizably different tongue.No language has ever reached more speakers than English. It is hard to predict how they will change it, but it is easy to rule out the possibility that they will not change it at all. But you can take comfort in the fact that such changes usually happen too slowly to affect comprehension in a single lifetime.12．What phenomenon is described in the first two paragraphs?A．The influence of the English-speaking countries.B．The widespread use of English outside Britain.C．The popularity of Hollywood films and TV programs.D．The increasing importance of the European Union.13．What is the author’s prediction about the Indianisms?A．They will be officially replaced by standard English.B．They will be accepted as standards by other countries.C．They will be considered grammatically correct in India.D．They will become a different language in the near future.14．What does the author most likely want to tell us in the last paragraph?A．It is unavoidable for English to change over time.B．English has been influenced by different languages.C．English might be unrecognizable in one generation.D．It is important to keep English from foreign influences.15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A．To argue against the necessity of standard English.B．To show his opinion on the changes of English.C．To explain the causes behind language changes.D．To call for more strict standards for English teaching.二、七选五Whether you’re a sociable person or not, connecting with a community is important for you to have a sense of belonging. Here are tips and tricks on making yourself happier when you move to a new place.16Tell your friends and cu-workers that you’re moving and looking to meet new people. Make sure to communicate what kind of connections you’re looking for, like someone to show you around or people with similar hobbies.Do some researchIf you hake certain favorite places, like a sports club or coffee shop, look up if they have other branches in your new neighborhood. 17Include more routine into your daySetting time aside for activities you love can help you feel more at home. Do you go on a run every morning? 18 . Or go back to that restaurant around the block at least once a week. Soon you might start noticing people in your neighborhood. It will ultimately help you develop. a sense of “at-homeness”.Concentrate on the connection, not the friendshipFriendships are often out of our control, especially when you are new to a place.19 . From there, you might plan your next hangout to do something you both enjoy. It’s not likely that you’ll instantly become best friends with everyone. But sometimes, you might find connections that will grow over time.Reach out to “super connectors”.“Super connectors” are those who know everyone and are willing to introduce you to those people. “Super connectors” are especially helpful if you don’t feel comfortable sending cold messages. 20A．Get the word outB．Concentrate on one on-one interactionsC．So try to focus on being connected at the momentD．Then try running in the same park for a few weeksE．You’ll have a better chance of finding like-minded people thereF．So be open and say “Yes!” to their invites that you know will bring you joyG．That’s OK because you’re just trying to get to know people and your new home三、完形填空At the 1992 Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona, Derek Redmond was a 400-meterThe crowd stood up and cheered as he hopped 24 toward the finish line.Then a figure 25 from the crowd: Derek’s dad, Jim Redmond. Waving off officials who tried to get him off the 26 , he ran up to his son and put an arm around his waist. Derek 27 and wept on his father’s shoulder. 28 , father and son walked the final meters of the race. The OlympicCommittee called the finish one of the most 29 moments in Olympic history. And twenty years later, they were invited to take part in the nationwide torch(火炬)relay for the 2012 Games in London.“I saw my son having a(n) 30 and it was my duty to help”, he told CBS News in 2012. “I actually went on the track to try to stop him from 31 himself further. But he was 32 to finish the race. So I offered him a shoulder to support him.”“He was telling me that I had nothing to 33 and that I didn’t need to do this, but I told him I was going to 34 . Then he said that we would do it together,” Derek Redmond remembered at the same interview. “So we did, and I hopped over the line in 35 .”21．A．celebration B．weather C．race D．story 22．A．competitors B．fans C．friends D．judges 23．A．set off B．came in C．pushed on D．fell down 24．A．slowly B．cheerfully C．easily D．wildly 25．A．withdrew B．emerged C．laughed D．watched 26．A．platform B．desk C．track D．trap 27．A．jumped B．ran C．turned D．smiled 28．A．Fortunately B．Together C．Gratefully D．Immediately 29．A．inspirational B．insignificant C．suitable D．unlikely 30．A．opportunity B．award C．fight D．problem31．A．enjoying B．praising C．hurting D．embarrassing 32．A．determined B．annoyed C．scared D．forced 33．A．prove B．sell C．say D．show 34．A．leave B．die C．win D．finish 35．A．tears B．time C．shame D．despair四、用单词的适当形式完成短文五、其他应用文46．你班正举办主题为“我最熟悉的人”的征文活动。
辽宁省2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中大联考英语试题及答案
绝密＊启用前2024届高三11月大联考（新课标II卷）（辽宁专用）英、五k口“中岩曲逆...：：.：..0:··,·O::..：..0.;o.:：:：………裴：：：；；：·；o..：：·;：iT.；；；;:.0..：:·…;:··线：·；：·;:：:..;：·······本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号垣写在答题卡上．2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如箭改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效．3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一井交回。
笫“屯部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出录佳选项．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt?A.£9.15答案是c.1.What are the speakers doing now?A. Preparing for a birthday part y占6姿B. £9.18.B.Making a birthday cake.2. W hat does the woman think of her trip to New Y ork?A. Tiring.B. S atisfying.3.\Vhat does the woman su郘est the man do?A. Takc somc cxcreisc.B.Drive to work.C. £ 9.15.4.How much will the speakers pay in total?＂泌卦A. 90 cents.5.Where are the speakers?A.In a hotel.B. 130 cents.B.In a gy m.C.Washing strawberriesC.Confusing.C. Care about her health.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.S分）听下面5段对话或独白。
河南省新高中创新联盟TOP二十名校计划2023-2024学年高三上学期11月调研考试 英语 含答案
英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How would the woman like to go to the game?A. By subway.B. By car.C. By bike.2. When was the 1964 Olympics held?A. In October.B. In August.C. In June.3. Why does the man look for Eric?A. To remind him to make a call.B. To invite him out for a meeting.C. To ask him about some numbers.4. What time is it now?A. 8:20.B. 8:30.C. 8:40.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An interview.B. A hobby.C. The first impression.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
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河南省焦作市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中联考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Our 100-word-story competition is your chance to show the world your storytelling talents!RulesEntries are now open. Multiple entries are allowed per person. We are unfortunately only able to consider UK-based entries.Please ensure that submissions are original, not previously published and exactly 100 words long (not including title). Don’t forget to include your full name, address, email and phone number when filling in the form.Terms and conditionsThe competitors are divided into three categories: adults, children aged 12-18 and children under 12. The only adult winner will receive £1, 000 and one runner-up will receive £250. The 12-18 child winner can get a £200 book voucher (代金券) and a £100 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up in this category will receive a £100 book voucher for themselves. In the under-12 category, the winner will receive £100 of book vouchers and £100 of book vouchers for their school, and the runner-up will receive a £50 book voucher.Please submit your stories by 5:00 pm on January 5, 2024 either online or by post.The editorial team will pick a shortlist (入围名单) of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online on February 1, 2024.You can vote for your favorite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in our May 2024 issue, and posted online on April 16, 2024.1．What is requested for the entries?A．They are limited to 100 words.B．They can be co-authored.C．They must be from the UK.D．They must be submitted in person. 2．What’s the submission deadline for the entries?A．January 5, 2024.B．February 1, 2024.3．What do we know about the winning entries?A．They will be available in print only.B．They will be selected by popular votes.C．They will be polished by the editorial team.D．They will be on a shortlist of no more than three.Throughout my twenties I told myself that I would give up smoking one day. That seemed comfortably far away to prevent me panicking too much, but also definitive enough to fool myself into thinking I’d give up before it killed me. But then my thirties came and went and nothing happened.Then, my aunt died from lung cancer. I had a moment of fear: unless I decide to stop smoking, there will be a high probability that at some point in my life I’ll have a cough or some other symptom (症状) and it will be cancer or a similar awful disease. Still, I didn’t act.But I couldn’t help beginning a good, hard think about my smoking and what I was going to do about it. The more I thought about it, the more I questioned what I really loved about it. Then came the sudden realization: I was an addict-I was making all the kind of excuses that the alcohol and drug addicts made.I decided to quit. But after a few days when out for drinks with friends, I yielded to temptation (诱惑) and had one. The next day I bought a pack of cigarettes and my very first quit attempt was well and truly a failure. But I learned from this and decided the next attempt would be better planned. I investigated different options online, and met with a smoking cessation (戒烟) nurse at my local surgery who used some techniques to change my thinking about smoking.With all the support around me, I felt so confident about my ability to quit. I actually looked forward to the date I’d set to stop. That was nearly 10 years ago and I haven’t looked back. Of course, in the early days it wasn’t always plain sailing. There were times when I was weak and times when I nearly slipped up. But I was prepared for this and didn’t let it throw me off. Stopping smoking was one of the best things I’ve ever done.4．What can we know about the author from the first two paragraphs?A．He was ignorant of cigarettes.B．He cared little about his health.D．He didn’t make up his mind to quit smoking.5．What inspired the author to make the first quit attempt?A．His self-analysis.B．Worsening health.C．Symptoms of lung cancer.D．Loss of a family member.6．What does the underlined phrase “yielded to” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Came up with.B．Gave in to.C．Stepped out of.D．Broke away from.7．Which can best describe the second attempt?A．It was fruitless.B．It lasted for 10 years.C．It was a determined attempt.D．It was abandoned halfway.It’s a familiar plot in movies and books: A bright-eyed man moves to the big city in search of fame and fortune. In the noises and lights, all hopes and dreams come true. But why do we stick to this old story? In Four Lost Cities, author Annalee Newitz explores ancient settlements to find out why people flood into big cities — and why they leave.The book is divided into four enjoyable, snack-sized sections, one for each city. Each section is accompanied by a handy map, drawn by artist Jason Thompson in an engaging cartoon style.Rather than dry history, Newitz makes a special effort to highlight the oddities and innovations that made these cities unique. Take Catalhöyük, the oldest city they feature, which boomed between 7500 and 5700 BC in what is now Turkey. This ancient city existed for nearly 2, 000 years despite lacking things that we might consider necessary for a city, such as roads, special public spaces or shopping areas.The section on Cahokia (AD 1050 to 1350) —located in what is now Illinois — offers an unexpected reason for a city’s emergence. Many people link cities with capitalism and trade. Cahokia’s 30-meter-tall pyramids, 20-hectare (公顷) squares and a population (at the time) bigger than Paris suggest that spiritual revival (复苏) can also build a large city. Cahokia and Angkor, which reached its peak from AD 800 to 1431 in what is now Cambodia, also show how cities can form when power gets concentrated in a few influential people.Each city, of course, eventually fell. But Newitz also reveals something else: Collapsing infrastructure (基础设施) provided the final push that kept people away. Here we spot ourBut Newitz’s vivid imaginings, bright language and boundless enthusiasm manage to keep the tone optimistic. These cities did end, yes. Yet the people lived on.8．Why is a bright-eyed man mentioned in paragraph 1?A．To introduce the topic.B．To raise some doubts.C．To make a comparison.D．To present a phenomenon.9．How is paragraph 3 developed?A．By citing data.B．By defining a term.C．By giving an example.D．By telling a story.10．What was the reason for the rise of Cahokia and Angkor?A．Trade.B．Capitalism.C．A large population.D．Concentration of power.11．What does the author think of Four Lost Cities?A．It features a cartoon style.B．It offers insight into our future.C．It consists of no original ideas.D．It promotes the ancient cultures.In the 20th century, conservationists set out to restore the Galapagos giant tortoise (巨型陆龟) on Española — and the island ecosystem. From 1963 to 2020, conservationists reintroduced nearly 2,000 Galapagos giant tortoises to Española. Since then, the tortoises have continued to multiply in the wild, causing the population to blossom to an estimated 3,000. They’ve also seen the ecological transformation of Española.The tortoises’ return has also helped the critically endangered waved albatross (信天翁) — a species that multiplies only on Española. During the island’s woody times, Maud Quinzin, a conservation geneticist who has previously worked with Galapagos tortoises, says that people had to repeatedly clear the areas the seabirds use as runways to take off and land. Now, if the landing places are getting overgrown, they’ll move tortoises into the area to take care of it for them. The secret to this success is that — much like brown bears and elephants — giant tortoises are ecological architects. As they wander around, they change the landscape. They step on young trees and bushes before they can grow big enough to block the albatrosses’ way.The giant tortoises likewise have a big impact on the giant species of prickly pear cactuses (仙人掌梨) that call Española home — one of the tortoises’ favorite foods and anleaves, they prevent them from taking root and competing with their parents. And, after they eat the cactus’s fruit, they drop the seeds across the island, offering a protective shell of fertilizer.The extent of these and other ecological effects of the tortoise are documented in a new study by James Gibbs, a conservation scientist of the giant tortoise restoration program. The results, he says, are a good sign for other rewilding projects that include giant tortoise restoration as a keystone of their efforts, such as those underway on other islands of the Galapagos and the Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean.12．What is a result of reintroducing the Galapagos giant tortoise to Española?A．Endangerment of other species.B．Restoration of the local ecosystem.C．Decrease in giant tortoises’ population.D．Transformation of rewilding projects.13．How did the giant tortoise influence the waved albatross?A．By reducing the extent of woody plants.B．By spreading the seeds of a key species.C．By creating more living habitats for them.D．By limiting the number of their competitors.14．What is James Gibbs’s attitude towards the giant tortoise project?A．Unclear.B．Reserved.C．Positive.D．Dismissive. 15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Endangered Species Is Hard to Be RestoredB．Once-endangered Species Blossom in Galapagos IslandsC．Española Became a Wonderland for Galapagos Giant TortoisesD．Galapagos Giant Tortoises Prove Their Worth as Ecosystem Engineers二、七选五High-hope people are optimistic about their future and they believe in possibilities. They see challenges as opportunities to grow and learn, rather than as obstacles (障碍). Here’s a tip sheet to get you into the habit of hope.They know that without a clear goal, it’s easy to get distracted and lose focus. Meanwhile, they don’t let life happen to them. Instead, they actively make decisions and take action to move forward in their lives. They usually visualize their goals and create conditions that set them up for success.Being around positive people is one way to keep an optimistic mind. Hopeful people tend to spend more time associating with those who share a bright attitude. 17 People high in hope don’t block themselves from folks who have a more pessimistic viewpoint. They know that seeing different perspectives allows them to be realistic.Hopeful people are always grateful for what they have. 18 They recognize that even though they may not have everything they want, they’re still lucky to have so much good in life, thus making them focus more on what’s in front of them.19 When it comes to high-hope people, no matter what life throws at them, they try to see the silver lining. They don’t let the circumstance define their emotional response. In addition to having a positive outlook, high-hope people are also creative problem-solvers. When faced with a challenge, they don’t give up easily. 20A．People high in hope do both.B．Keeping a positive outlook is also important.C．Another trick is sticking with positive people.D．This allows them to stay positive and take urgent action.E．That keeps them appreciative and grounded in the moment.F．Instead, they find solutions that help them overcome the obstacles in their way.G．However, this doesn’t mean they are intolerant of another person’s negativity or struggles.三、完形填空Denisar.practiced and could read a book 27 , I recorded it and e-mailed it to Captain Denisar. And if they finished a writing assignment, I would take a 28 and e-mail it. Captain Denisar, then, would send back emails full of praise and 29 . You could imagine how excited my first graders were to 30 a soldier!We also used the information Captain Denisar included in his e-mails as 31 opportunities: what a soldier’s life was like, how to make a fire etc. Gradually, this man 32 the hearts of my students. They were so eager to please Captain Denisar that they tried their best to 33 themselves in my class. Now, teaching became a(n) 34 rather than a headache to me.At the end of that year, we wrote a letter of thanks to him. To my surprise, he was even more 35 of the communication, saying my first graders truly lightened things up for him.21．A．temporary B．tough C．steady D．urgent 22．A．as B．though C．in case D．ever since 23．A．decided B．pretended C．regretted D．failed 24．A．capable B．strict C．crucial D．military 25．A．greeting B．notice C．reply D．comment 26．A．reward B．alarm C．security D．communication 27．A．nervously B．fluently C．casually D．secretly 28．A．rest B．chance C．breath D．picture 29．A．impression B．prediction C．encouragement D．assessment 30．A．meet with B．pick up C．hear from D．cheer on 31．A．learning B．working C．teaching D．playing 32．A．broke B．stole C．protected D．felt 33．A．challenge B．recognize C．behave D．introduce 34．A．idea B．treat C．habit D．option 35．A．hopeful B．tolerant C．conscious D．appreciative四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。