大学英语5(综合教程)第三单元TextA
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incorruptible: not subject to corruption or decay assail: attack violently; to attack verbally;
cause sb to experience unpleasant thoughts or feelings -After her disappointing exam results, Lucy was assailed by worries about her career
Note: 破折号不能分割不完整的句子, 也就是说破折号两边的句子成分必须完整
1.用来表示或突出同位语 Only one thing is now wanting—a refrigerator． 用在一个解释性的插入语前面和后面，相当于一个括号 Then the proposals—both Xiao Yang's and mine—were adopted． 2.用来概括前面列举的若干东西 New houses，larger schools，more sheep, more pigs and chickens - everywhere we saw signs of the commune's prosperity．
Unit 3 Text A The Truth about Lying
contents
1
2 3
[
General Introduction
the Author ]
]
[ About
[ Text Analysis ]
[
4
5
New Words and Phrases ]
[ Text
Understanding
Part Two
Peace-Keeping Lies
Para.8-17
assert : defend or maintain 维护，保护
in general 通常，一般而言，总而言之
make absurd mistake 做了蠢事 intimacy n. 亲密关系 - intimate adj. 亲密的，亲近的
Para. 2 It’s arrogant, they say, to insist on being so incorruptible and so brave that you cause other people unnecessary embarrassment or pain by compulsively assailing them with your honesty. 他们说，如果你坚持要做到十二分正直、十二分无畏， 不由自主地用你的诚实使他人陷入不必要的窘境或 痛苦之中，这只能说你是傲慢自大。
or curiosity
v.以谋略达成；激起„的好奇心 n.密谋，阴谋； 私通，奸情
Part 4
Part Two
Social Lies
Peace-Keeping Lies Trust-Keeping Lies
Protective Lies
Part 4
Part Two Social Lies
Paras. 2-7 arrogant：having or showing an exaggerated opinion of one’s own importance, merit, ability
Part Two
Protective Lies
Para.22 presumptuous: going beyond what is right or proper 太过分的，放肆的 playing God 扮演上帝（来替人做决定）
ui3unit3textathetruthaboutlyingcontents11general?introduction22abouttheauthor33textanalysis44newwordsandphrases55textunderstandingpart?111introduction美国著名作家欧亨利的小说最后一片叶子描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落她说最后一片叶子代表她它的飘落代表自己的死亡贝尔曼part?1thelastleaf子代表她它的飘落代表自己的死亡
Part Three Paras. 37-42
Ending: how the writer feels we should cope with the question of whether or not to lie
Part 4
Getting familiar with new vocabulary
Part 3
Part 4
Text Analysis
Part One Para. 1 Introductory beginning
Part Two
Paras. 2-36
The writer discusses four types of lies and tells what she thinks about each of them
Part Two
Protective Lies
Paras. 18 supersede : cause to be set aside 取代
on the grounds : based on … -He left on the grounds of ill-health.
他借口身体不好，走了。
-I object to the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive. 反对该项计划，理由是花费太大。
Part 3
The best-seller Necessary Losses (1986) and her comic novel , Murdering Mr.Monti (1994),which appeared on The New York Times best-seller list in hardcover and paperback for almost two years. She is also best known for her beloved picture book, Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day.
3.用来表示犹豫或迟疑 I—I—I rather think—maybe—Amy has taken it． 4. 表示在说话时有意地中断了一下，以便强调或引起别人 注意破折号后面要说的话 In a word，the spirit of the whole country may be described as—self-reliance and arduous struggle．
Part Two
Protective Lies Translate Paras.18 18. 保护性谎言就是因为人们认为事实真相危害
性太大而说的谎言，这类谎言通常事关重大。他 们说谎，因为他们认为，人的某些价值观念压倒 了说谎这一错误行为本身。他们说谎不是为个人 私利，而是因为他们相信，那是为他们对之说谎 的人好。他们对自己所爱的人撒谎，对最信任自 己的人撒谎，就是因为他们认为这样做是有正当 理由的。
B
C
Part 3
3
[ About the author ]
Judith Viorst[vi’ɔ:st] was born and brought up in New Jersey, graduated from Rutgers University, moved to Greenwich Village, and has lived in Washington, D.C., since 1960, when she married Milton Viorst, a political writer. They have three sons and seven grandchildren. Viorst writes in many different areas: science books, children's picture books, adult fiction and non-fiction, poetry for children and adults, and three musicals, which are still performed on stages around the country.
Part Two
Peace-Keeping Lies
Para.8-17
shelter … from… : protect … from… keep … at bay: keep … at distance think less of sb: look down upon holler at : yell at , shout at dodge: avoid by a trick dodge responsibility : 回避责任 not in the mood to do sth 不想做某事
]
Part 1
1 [ Introduction ]
Part 1
The last leaf
美国著名作家欧亨利的小说《最后一片叶 子》,描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上 的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落，她说，最后一片叶 子代表她，它的飘落，代表自己的死亡。贝尔曼， 一个伟大的画家，在听完休易讲述完室友琼西的 故事后，在最后一片叶子飘落，下着暴雨的夜里， 在墙上画出了一片“永不凋落”的常春藤叶，编 造了一个善良且真实的谎言，从而维持一段即将 熄灭的生命之光.
2. irritate: make angry or annoyed 3. straightforward: simple; expressed
or understood in a direct way
Parຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu 4
Part One
intrigue [ˈ ɪnˈtri ɡ] arouse the interest
confess every dumb thing 承认每件蠢事
破折号的用法
Para. 13
…do you conceal – with a lie, if you must – the fact that you’ll be in New York? Or do you have the courage – or is it the cruelty? – to say, “I’ll be in New York, but sorry – I don’t plan on seeing you”?
Underline the important vocabulary on the passage while listening to the recording part by part
Part 4
Pre-words
1. generalize: make general statements
without reference to details
• Two American Movies about lying True Lies (1994) Liar Liar (1997)
Part 2
[ Introductory questions ]
A
Do you often lie? In what cases you may choose to lie? How do you categorize lying ? What lies are harmful? Why do people tell lies? Is lying acceptable?
Part 4
Part Two Social Lies
Para.7 unsolicited adj. 未经请求的 indulge in what he calls “flattery, false praise and mellifluous comments” 我的这位朋友从来不讲他所说的“奉承话、虚假的赞美话和 动听话” indulge in : take pleasure freely in 沉溺于
Part 4
Part Two Social Lies
hideous: frightful , terrible
if the soup tastes like warmed-over coffee, you may prefer to avoid saying “ the soup is wonderful” . Instead ,you may say, “you really cooked up a storm”, which is a polite way to keep the host from feeling embarrassed cook up a storm: cook a meal energetically
cause sb to experience unpleasant thoughts or feelings -After her disappointing exam results, Lucy was assailed by worries about her career
Note: 破折号不能分割不完整的句子, 也就是说破折号两边的句子成分必须完整
1.用来表示或突出同位语 Only one thing is now wanting—a refrigerator． 用在一个解释性的插入语前面和后面，相当于一个括号 Then the proposals—both Xiao Yang's and mine—were adopted． 2.用来概括前面列举的若干东西 New houses，larger schools，more sheep, more pigs and chickens - everywhere we saw signs of the commune's prosperity．
Unit 3 Text A The Truth about Lying
contents
1
2 3
[
General Introduction
the Author ]
]
[ About
[ Text Analysis ]
[
4
5
New Words and Phrases ]
[ Text
Understanding
Part Two
Peace-Keeping Lies
Para.8-17
assert : defend or maintain 维护，保护
in general 通常，一般而言，总而言之
make absurd mistake 做了蠢事 intimacy n. 亲密关系 - intimate adj. 亲密的，亲近的
Para. 2 It’s arrogant, they say, to insist on being so incorruptible and so brave that you cause other people unnecessary embarrassment or pain by compulsively assailing them with your honesty. 他们说，如果你坚持要做到十二分正直、十二分无畏， 不由自主地用你的诚实使他人陷入不必要的窘境或 痛苦之中，这只能说你是傲慢自大。
or curiosity
v.以谋略达成；激起„的好奇心 n.密谋，阴谋； 私通，奸情
Part 4
Part Two
Social Lies
Peace-Keeping Lies Trust-Keeping Lies
Protective Lies
Part 4
Part Two Social Lies
Paras. 2-7 arrogant：having or showing an exaggerated opinion of one’s own importance, merit, ability
Part Two
Protective Lies
Para.22 presumptuous: going beyond what is right or proper 太过分的，放肆的 playing God 扮演上帝（来替人做决定）
ui3unit3textathetruthaboutlyingcontents11general?introduction22abouttheauthor33textanalysis44newwordsandphrases55textunderstandingpart?111introduction美国著名作家欧亨利的小说最后一片叶子描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落她说最后一片叶子代表她它的飘落代表自己的死亡贝尔曼part?1thelastleaf子代表她它的飘落代表自己的死亡
Part Three Paras. 37-42
Ending: how the writer feels we should cope with the question of whether or not to lie
Part 4
Getting familiar with new vocabulary
Part 3
Part 4
Text Analysis
Part One Para. 1 Introductory beginning
Part Two
Paras. 2-36
The writer discusses four types of lies and tells what she thinks about each of them
Part Two
Protective Lies
Paras. 18 supersede : cause to be set aside 取代
on the grounds : based on … -He left on the grounds of ill-health.
他借口身体不好，走了。
-I object to the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive. 反对该项计划，理由是花费太大。
Part 3
The best-seller Necessary Losses (1986) and her comic novel , Murdering Mr.Monti (1994),which appeared on The New York Times best-seller list in hardcover and paperback for almost two years. She is also best known for her beloved picture book, Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day.
3.用来表示犹豫或迟疑 I—I—I rather think—maybe—Amy has taken it． 4. 表示在说话时有意地中断了一下，以便强调或引起别人 注意破折号后面要说的话 In a word，the spirit of the whole country may be described as—self-reliance and arduous struggle．
Part Two
Protective Lies Translate Paras.18 18. 保护性谎言就是因为人们认为事实真相危害
性太大而说的谎言，这类谎言通常事关重大。他 们说谎，因为他们认为，人的某些价值观念压倒 了说谎这一错误行为本身。他们说谎不是为个人 私利，而是因为他们相信，那是为他们对之说谎 的人好。他们对自己所爱的人撒谎，对最信任自 己的人撒谎，就是因为他们认为这样做是有正当 理由的。
B
C
Part 3
3
[ About the author ]
Judith Viorst[vi’ɔ:st] was born and brought up in New Jersey, graduated from Rutgers University, moved to Greenwich Village, and has lived in Washington, D.C., since 1960, when she married Milton Viorst, a political writer. They have three sons and seven grandchildren. Viorst writes in many different areas: science books, children's picture books, adult fiction and non-fiction, poetry for children and adults, and three musicals, which are still performed on stages around the country.
Part Two
Peace-Keeping Lies
Para.8-17
shelter … from… : protect … from… keep … at bay: keep … at distance think less of sb: look down upon holler at : yell at , shout at dodge: avoid by a trick dodge responsibility : 回避责任 not in the mood to do sth 不想做某事
]
Part 1
1 [ Introduction ]
Part 1
The last leaf
美国著名作家欧亨利的小说《最后一片叶 子》,描写患肺炎的穷学生琼西看着窗外对面墙上 的常春藤叶子不断被风吹落，她说，最后一片叶 子代表她，它的飘落，代表自己的死亡。贝尔曼， 一个伟大的画家，在听完休易讲述完室友琼西的 故事后，在最后一片叶子飘落，下着暴雨的夜里， 在墙上画出了一片“永不凋落”的常春藤叶，编 造了一个善良且真实的谎言，从而维持一段即将 熄灭的生命之光.
2. irritate: make angry or annoyed 3. straightforward: simple; expressed
or understood in a direct way
Parຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu 4
Part One
intrigue [ˈ ɪnˈtri ɡ] arouse the interest
confess every dumb thing 承认每件蠢事
破折号的用法
Para. 13
…do you conceal – with a lie, if you must – the fact that you’ll be in New York? Or do you have the courage – or is it the cruelty? – to say, “I’ll be in New York, but sorry – I don’t plan on seeing you”?
Underline the important vocabulary on the passage while listening to the recording part by part
Part 4
Pre-words
1. generalize: make general statements
without reference to details
• Two American Movies about lying True Lies (1994) Liar Liar (1997)
Part 2
[ Introductory questions ]
A
Do you often lie? In what cases you may choose to lie? How do you categorize lying ? What lies are harmful? Why do people tell lies? Is lying acceptable?
Part 4
Part Two Social Lies
Para.7 unsolicited adj. 未经请求的 indulge in what he calls “flattery, false praise and mellifluous comments” 我的这位朋友从来不讲他所说的“奉承话、虚假的赞美话和 动听话” indulge in : take pleasure freely in 沉溺于
Part 4
Part Two Social Lies
hideous: frightful , terrible
if the soup tastes like warmed-over coffee, you may prefer to avoid saying “ the soup is wonderful” . Instead ,you may say, “you really cooked up a storm”, which is a polite way to keep the host from feeling embarrassed cook up a storm: cook a meal energetically