高中英语语法单选题80题

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高中英语语法单选题80题
1. There is ___ “h” in the word “hour”.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
答案:B。

“h”的发音以元音音素开头,所以用“an”,A 选项“a”用于辅音音素开头的单词前,C 选项“the”表示特指,D 选项“/”表示零冠词,此处需要一个不定冠词且是元音音素开头,故选B。

2. We have ___ breakfast at seven in the morning.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
答案:D。

“have breakfast”是固定短语,中间不用冠词,A 选项“a”用于辅音音素开头的单词前,B 选项“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前,C 选项“the”表示特指,故选D。

3. The doctor is in ___ hospital.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
答案:D。

“in hospital”表示“住院”,“in the hospital”表示“在医院里(不一定是病人)”,此处表示“住院”,不用冠词,A 选项“a”用于辅音音素开头的单词前,B 选项“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前,C 选项“the”表示特指,故选D。

4. He is ___ university student.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
答案:A。

“university”的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用“a”,B 选项“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前,C 选项“the”表示特指,D 选项“/”表示零冠词,此处需要一个不定冠词且是辅音音素开头,故选A。

5. This is ___ useful book.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
答案:A。

“useful”的发音以辅音音素开头,所以用“a”,B 选项“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前,C 选项“the”表示特指,D 选项“/”表示零冠词,此处需要一个不定冠词且是辅音音素开头,故选A。

6. The weather is ______ today than yesterday.
A. much better
B. more better
C. very better
D. the best
答案:A。

本题考查形容词比较级的用法。

“better”是“good”的比较级,“much”可以修饰比较级,加强程度,A 选项“much better”表示“好得多”;B 选项“more better”表达错误,比较级不能用“more”和“-er”形式同时修饰;C 选项“very”不能修饰比较级;D 选项“the best”是最高级形式,不符合语境。

7. This is the ______ book I have ever read.
A. most interesting
B. more interesting
C. interesting
D. less interesting
答案:A。

此题考查形容词最高级。

“the most interesting”表示“最有趣的”,是最高级形式;B 选项“more interesting”是比较级;C 选项“interesting”是原级;D 选项“less interesting”是比较级,表示“没那么有趣”,根据“I have ever read”可知是在众多读过的书中进行比较,要用最高级,A 选项符合。

8. She sings ______ of all the girls.
A. most beautifully
B. more beautifully
C. beautifully
D. the most beautifully
答案:D。

本题考查副词最高级。

“of all the girls”表示范围,要用最高级,“beautifully”是副词,最高级是“the most beautifully”,A 选项缺少“the”;B 选项“more beautifully”是比较级;C 选项“beautifully”是原级,D 选项正确。

9. Tom is ______ than his brother.
A. tall
B. taller
C. the tallest
D. very tall
答案:B。

这道题考查形容词比较级。

“than”是比较级的标志词,“tall”的比较级是“taller”,A 选项“tall”是原级;C 选项“the tallest”是最高级;D 选项“very tall”是原级,B 选项符合。

10. My sister is ______ at math than me.
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. well
答案:B。

此题考查形容词比较级。

“than”提示用比较级,“good”的比较级是“better”,A 选项“good”是原级;C 选项“best”是最高级;
D 选项“well”作形容词表示身体好,作副词修饰动词,此处不符合,B 选项正确。

11. I often ______ my homework in the evening, but yesterday I ______ it in the morning.
A. do; did
B. did; do
C. do; do
D. did; did
答案:A。

本题考查一般现在时和一般过去时。

第一句“often”表明是一般现在时,主语是“I”,所以用动词原形“do”;第二句“yesterday”表明是一般过去时,所以用“did”。

12. She ______ English every day, but she ______ Chinese yesterday.
A. studies; studied
B. studied; studies
C. studies; studies
D. studied; studied
答案:A。

第一句“every day”是一般现在时的标志,主语“She”是第三人称单数,动词用“studies”;第二句“yesterday”是一般过去时,用“studied”。

13. We ______ football last week, and we often ______ it on Sundays.
A. played; play
B. play; played
C. play; play
D. played; played
答案:A。

“last week”是一般过去时,用“played”;“often”是一般现在时,“we”是复数,用“play”。

14. Tom ______ to school by bike every day, but he ______ to school on foot yesterday.
A. goes; went
B. went; goes
C. goes; goes
D. went; went
答案:A。

“every day”是一般现在时,“Tom”是第三人称单数,用“goes”;“yesterday”是一般过去时,用“went”。

15. My father ______ in the factory for 20 years, but he ______ there last year.
A. worked; doesn't work
B. has worked; didn't work
C. has worked; worked
D. worked; worked
答案:B。

“for 20 years”是现在完成时的标志,用“has worked”;“last year”是一般过去时,用“didn't work”。

16. The problem ______ at the meeting yesterday is very important.
A. discussed
B. discussing
C. to be discussed
D. having discussed
答案:A。

本题考查过去分词作后置定语。

选项A“discussed”表示被动和完成,“问题”是被“讨论”的;选项B“discussing”表示主动;选项C“to be discussed”表示将来要被讨论;选项D“having discussed”是现在分词的完成式,不符合题意。

这里“discussed”作后置定语修饰“problem”,表示“昨天在会上被讨论的问题”。

17. I heard her ______ an English song when I passed by her room.
A. sing
B. singing
C. to sing
D. sang
答案:B。

本题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。

选项A“sing”是动词原形,强调全过程;选项B“singing”是现在分词,强调动作正在进行;选项C“to sing”是不定式,通常表示将来;选项D“sang”是过去式。

“hear sb. doing sth.”表示“听到某人正在做某事”,这里“pass by”表明经过时动作正在进行,所以用“singing”。

18. The man ______ in the chair asked me to come closer.
A. seated
B. seating
C. to seat
D. seat
答案:A。

本题考查过去分词作后置定语。

选项A“seated”表示状
态;选项B“seating”表示主动;选项C“to seat”是不定式,通常表示将来;选项D“seat”是动词原形。

“be seated”表示“就座”,这里“seated”作后置定语修饰“man”,表示“坐在椅子上的男人”。

19. With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. to settle
B. settled
C. settling
D. being settled
答案:A。

本题考查不定式作后置定语。

选项A“to settle”表示将来要解决的问题;选项B“settled”表示已解决;选项C“settling”表示主动;选项D“being settled”表示正在被解决。

“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构,这里“problems”还未解决,用“to settle”。

20. Tom had no choice but ______ the classroom with his classmates.
A. to clean
B. clean
C. cleaning
D. cleaned
答案:A。

本题考查“have no choice but to do sth.”的固定用法,意思是“别无选择,只能做某事”。

选项A“to clean”符合固定搭配;选项B“clean”是动词原形;选项C“cleaning”是现在分词;选项D“cleaned”是过去式。

所以用“to clean”。

21. If I ______ you, I would study harder.
A. am
B. were
C. be
D. was
答案:B。

本题考查虚拟语气中be 动词的用法。

在虚拟语气中,与现在事实相反,be 动词一律用were。

22. I wish I ______ a bird and could fly freely.
A. am
B. were
C. be
D. was
答案:B。

wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反,be 动词用were。

23. If it ______ tomorrow, we would stay at home.
A. rained
B. rains
C. rain
D. would rain
答案:A。

本题考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,if 从句用一般过去时,rained 符合。

24. She would have come if she ______ invited.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. has been
答案:C。

本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if 从句用过去完成时,had been 正确。

25. If I had known your address, I ______ to see you.
A. would come
B. would have come
C. came
D. had come
答案:B。

本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句用would have + 过去分词,would have come 符合。

26. I have two sisters. One is a doctor and _____ is a teacher.
A. another
B. the other
C. other
D. others
答案:B。

本题考查“another”“the other”“other”“others”的区别。

“another”表示“另一个 三者或三者以上)”;“the other”表示“两者中的另一个”;“other”是形容词,意为“其他的”;“others”是代词,相当于“other + 名词复数”。

本题说有两个姐妹,一个是医生,另一个是老
师,所以用“the other”。

27. —Which of the two books do you want?
—I want _____. Please show me another one.
A. neither
B. either
C. both
D. all
答案:A。

“neither”表示“两者都不”;“either”表示“两者中的任何一个”;“both”表示“两者都”;“all”表示“三者或三者以上都”。

根据回答“请给我看另一本”,可知这两本书都不想要,所以用“neither”。

28. Some people like to stay at home on Sundays, but _____ like to go to the cinema.
A. another
B. other
C. others
D. the others
答案:C。

“another”表示“另一个( 三者或三者以上)”;“other”是形容词,意为“其他的”;“others”表示“其他人/物(不是全部)”;“the others”表示“其余的全部”。

本题说有些人喜欢周日待在家,但是其他人喜欢去电影院,不是指其余的全部,所以用“others”。

29. We have three sons. One is a doctor, _____ is a teacher and _____ is a worker.
A. another; the other
B. the other; another
C. one; another
D. one; the other
答案:C。

“another”表示“另一个( 三者或三者以上)”;“the other”表示“两者中的另一个”。

本题有三个儿子,一个是医生,另一个是老师,还有一个是工人,不是只有两个,所以先说“one”,然后“another”。

30. There are many people in the park. Some are walking, some are talking and _____ are singing.
A. the others
B. others
C. another
D. other
答案:B。

“the others”表示“其余的全部”;“others”表示“其他人/物 不是全部)”;“another”表示“另一个( 三者或三者以上)”;“other”是形容词,意为“其他的”。

本题说公园里有很多人,一些在散步,一些在聊天,还有一些在唱歌,不是指其余的全部,所以用“others”。

31. The book is ______ the table.
A. on
B. in
C. under
D. at
答案:A。

本题考查介词的用法。

“on”表示在物体表面之上,书在桌子表面上,所以用“on”;“in”表示在物体内部;“under”表示在物体下方;“at”通常表示在某个地点或位置。

32. She is sitting ______ the chair.
A. on
B. in
C. under
D. of
答案:A。

“on”用于表示在椅子的表面上坐着;“in”用于在物体内部,不符合此处语境;“under”是在下方;“of”表示所属关系,都不符合。

33. The cat is hiding ______ the sofa.
A. behind
B. in front of
C. beside
D. between
答案:A。

“behind”表示在某物的后面,猫藏在沙发后面;“in front of”是在前面;“beside”在旁边;“between”在两者之间,均不符合。

34. The picture is ______ the wall.
A. on
B. in
C. under
答案:A。

“on”指在墙的表面上挂着或贴着;“in”是在墙里面;“under”在下面;“above”在上方,不接触表面。

35. My keys are ______ the drawer.
A. in
B. on
C. under
D. at
答案:A。

“in”表示在抽屉内部;“on”在表面;“under”在下面;“at”表示在某个点,这里钥匙在抽屉里,用“in”。

36. The book ____ I bought yesterday is very interesting.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. whose
答案:A。

本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。

先行词是“book”,指物,在从句中作宾语,关系词可用that 或which,A、B 选项均可,但先行词被不定代词修饰时,关系词只能用that,本题先行词被“the”修饰,故选A。

37. This is the factory ____ my father worked ten years ago.
A. where
B. which
D. when
答案:A。

本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。

先行词是“factory”,在从句中作地点状语,关系词用where,故选A。

38. The man ____ is talking to our teacher is my father.
A. who
B. which
C. whose
D. whom
答案:A。

本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。

先行词是“man”,指人,在从句中作主语,关系词用who,故选A。

39. I still remember the days ____ we spent together last year.
A. when
B. which
C. who
D. where
答案:B。

本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。

先行词是“days”,指物,在从句中作宾语,关系词用which 或that,故选B。

40. The girl ____ hair is long is my sister.
A. whose
B. who
C. which
答案:A。

本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。

先行词是“girl”,与“hair”存在所属关系,关系词用whose,表示“……的”,故选A。

41. I was reading a book ______ the light suddenly went out.
A. when
B. while
C. as
D. until
答案:A。

本题考查时间状语从句。

“when”表示“正在这时,突然”,常用于一个动作正在进行,另一个动作突然发生。

“while”强调两个动作同时进行。

“as”表示“随着,当……时候”。

“until”表示“直到……”。

此句中“我正在看书,突然灯灭了”,用“when”最合适。

42. You should have put the milk in the refrigerator, ______ it wouldn't have gone bad.
A. so
B. but
C. or
D. and
答案:C。

本题考查条件状语从句。

“or”表示“否则,要不然”,用于引出某种不好的结果。

“so”表示结果。

“but”表示转折。

“and”表示并列或顺承。

本句意思是“你本该把牛奶放进冰箱的,否则它就不会坏了”,用“or”符合语境。

43. ______ you work hard, you will pass the exam.
A. If
B. Unless
C. Though
D. Because
答案:A。

本题考查条件状语从句。

“If”表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句。

“Unless”表示“除非,如果不”。

“Though”表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。

“Because”表示“因为”,引导原因状语从句。

本句“如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试”,用“If”。

44. We won't give up ______ we should fail ten times.
A. even if
B. since
C. whether
D. until
答案:A。

本题考查让步状语从句。

“even if”表示“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。

“since”表示“自从,因为”。

“whether”表示“是否”。

“until”表示“直到……”。

本句“我们不会放弃,即使我们失败十次”,用“even if”。

45. I'll go to see you ______ I have time.
A. while
B. as soon as
C. before
D. since
答案:B。

本题考查时间状语从句。

“as soon as”表示“一……就……”。

“while”强调两个动作同时进行。

“before”表示“在……之前”。

“since”表示“自从,因为”。

本句“我一有时间就去看你”,用“as soon as”。

46. I have no idea ______ he will come back.
A. when
B. that
C. if
D. whether
答案:A。

本题考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。

“I have no idea”相当于“I don't know”,后面接宾语从句。

根据句意,“我不知道他什么时候回来”,所以应该用when 引导,表示时间。

B 选项that 在宾语从句中不充当成分,且此处句意不符;C 选项if 表示“是否”,但通常不与or not 连用;D 选项whether 表示“是否”,可与or not 连用,但此处强调时间,用when 更合适。

47. What surprised me most was ______ he didn't pass the exam.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. whether
答案:A。

此题考查名词性从句中的表语从句。

“What surprised me most was...”后面接表语从句,从句意思完整,不缺成分,用that 引
导,that 在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用。

B 选项what 在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分;C 选项which 表示“哪一个”,在从句中有特定的选择范围;D 选项whether 表示“是否”,均不符合此处句意。

48. It is still a question ______ we can get there on time.
A. that
B. whether
C. when
D. how
答案:B。

本题考查名词性从句中的主语从句。

根据句意“我们能否按时到达那里仍然是个问题”,A 选项that 引导主语从句时,在从句中不充当成分,且此处句意不符;C 选项when 表示时间,不符合;
D 选项how 表示方式,也不符合,这里需要一个表示“是否”的引导词,whether 符合。

49. The news ______ he has been elected president of the company is true.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
答案:A。

此题为名词性从句中的同位语从句。

“The news that...”中,that 引导同位语从句,解释说明news 的具体内容,且that 在从句中不充当成分。

B 选项which 在同位语从句中不常见;C 选项
what 在从句中充当成分;D 选项when 表示时间,均不符合。

50. We expressed the hope ______ they would come and visit China again.
A. which
B. that
C. whether
D. when
答案:B。

本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。

“We expressed the hope that...”中,that 引导同位语从句,解释说明hope 的具体内容,that 在从句中不充当成分。

A 选项which 在同位语从句中不常见;C 选项whether 表示“是否”,不符合;D 选项when 表示时间,不符合此处句意。

51. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ excited about the coming exam.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
答案:A。

本题考查“not only...but also...”的就近原则,离谓语动词近的主语是“the teacher”,为单数,且句子时态为一般现在时,所以用“is”。

52. The number of the students in our class ______ 50.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
答案:A。

“the number of...”表示“......的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,所以用“is”。

53. Physics ______ one of my favorite subjects.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
答案:A。

“Physics” 物理)在这里表示学科,学科名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,时态为一般现在时,用“is”。

54. Each of the students ______ a new book.
A. have
B. has
C. is having
D. are having
答案:B。

“each of...”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,所以用“has”。

55. Neither you nor he ______ right.
A. are
B. is
D. was
答案:B。

“neither...nor...”遵循就近原则,离谓语动词近的主语是“he”,为单数,句子时态为一般现在时,所以用“is”。

56. You ______ be tired after such a long walk.
A. must
B. can
C. could
D. might
答案:A。

本题考查情态动词的用法。

“must”表示肯定的推测,“你走了这么长的路,一定累了”,语气较为肯定。

B 选项“can”表示能力或可能性,C 选项“could”表示可能性或委婉的请求,D 选项“might”表示可能性,语气较委婉,均不符合此处语境。

57. He ______ come tomorrow, but I'm not sure.
A. may
B. must
C. need
D. should
答案:A。

“may”表示可能性,“他明天可能来,但我不确定”,不确定的可能性用“may”。

“must”表示肯定推测,“need”表示需要,“should”表示应该,都不符合此处不确定的语境。

58. You ______ have told me earlier.
B. would
C. could
D. might
答案:A。

“should have + 过去分词”表示“本应该做某事( 但实际上没做)”,“你本应该早点告诉我的”。

B 选项“would have + 过去分词”用于虚拟语气,C 选项“could have + 过去分词”表示“本能够做某事 但实际上没做)”,D 选项“might have + 过去分词”表示“可能已经做了某事”,均不符合句意。

59. We ______ have finished the work earlier.
A. could
B. should
C. would
D. might
答案:A。

“could have + 过去分词”表示“本能够做某事 但实际上没做)”,“我们本能够早点完成工作的”。

B 选项“should have + 过去分词”表示“本应该做某事 但实际上没做)”,C 选项“would have + 过去分词”用于虚拟语气,D 选项“might have + 过去分词”表示“可能已经做了某事”,均不符合此处意思。

60. She ______ know the answer, but I'm not certain.
A. can
B. may
D. should
答案:B。

“may”表示可能性,“她可能知道答案,但我不确定”。

A 选项“can”表示能力或可能性,此处强调不确定的可能性,用“may”更合适。

C 选项“must”表示肯定推测,D 选项“should”表示应该,均不符合句意。

61. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ______ having
a holiday abroad.
A. he had considered
B. had he considered
C. he considered
D. did he consider
答案:D。

本题考查not until 置于句首时的倒装用法。

Not until 位于句首时,主句要部分倒装,将助动词提前。

此句中动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时,将did 提前,consider 用原形。

62. Only when he reached the tea-house ______ it was the same place he'd been in last year.
A. he realized
B. he did realize
C. realized he
D. did he realize
答案:D。

本题考查only 置于句首时的倒装用法。

Only 位于句
首,且修饰状语从句时,主句要部分倒装,将助动词提前。

此句为一般过去时,将did 提前,realize 用原形。

63. So difficult ______ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
A. I did find
B. did I find
C. I have found
D. have I found
答案:B。

本题考查so...that 结构中so 位于句首时的倒装用法。

So + 形容词位于句首时,主句要部分倒装,将助动词提前。

此句为一般过去时,将did 提前,find 用原形。

64. Little ______ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.
A. did Rose care
B. Rose did care
C. Rose does care
D. does Rose care
答案:A。

本题考查否定词little 位于句首时的倒装用法。

Little 位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,将助动词提前。

此句为一般过去时,将did 提前,care 用原形。

65. Hardly ______ the airport when the plane took off.
A. I had reached
B. had I reached
C. did I reach
D. I reached
答案:B。

本题考查hardly...when...结构中hardly 位于句首时的倒装用法。

Hardly 位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,将助动词提前。

此句为过去完成时,将had 提前,reach 用过去分词reached。

66. It was in the park ______ I met my old friend.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. when
答案:A。

本题考查强调句。

强调句的结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分”,这里强调的是地点“in the park”,所以用that 。

67. It was not until she came back ______ I knew the truth.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. where
答案:B。

这是一个强调句,强调的是时间“not until she came back”,所以用that 。

68. Was it in 1969 ______ the American astronaut succeeded in
landing on the moon?
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
答案:A。

此题为强调句,强调时间“in 1969”,要用that 。

69. It is I ______ am wrong.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whom
答案:B。

强调句,强调主语“I”,用that 。

70. It was the book ______ he bought yesterday.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
答案:A。

本题强调宾语“the book”,用that 。

71. While ______ in the street, I came across an old friend.
A. walking
B. walked
C. to walk
答案:A。

本题考查状语从句的省略。

while 引导的时间状语从句中,当主句和从句的主语一致,且从句中有be 动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be 动词。

此处完整的表达应该是“While I was walking in the street”,省略了“I was”,所以用walking。

72. If ______ possible, I'll go to see you tomorrow.
A. it is
B. it will be
C. it were
D. being
答案:A。

这是条件状语从句的省略。

完整形式是“If it is possible”,在if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果含有“is”,且从句主语和主句主语一致,可省略“it is”。

73. Though ______ tired, he still went on working.
A. was
B. being
C. he was
D. he being
答案:C。

本题考查让步状语从句。

though 引导的让步状语从句,完整表达为“Though he was tired”,不能省略主语和be 动词。

74. When ______ help, one often says “Thank you.”
A. offering
C. to offer
D. offer
答案:B。

此处考查状语从句的省略。

完整形式为“When one is offered help”,当从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be 动词时,可省略主语和be 动词,one 和offer 之间是被动关系,所以用offered。

75. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ______ every day.
A. watered
B. watering
C. water
D. to water
答案:A。

本题考查状语从句的省略。

unless 引导的条件状语从句,完整表达为“unless they are watered”,从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be 动词时,可省略主语和be 动词,flowers 和water 之间是被动关系,所以用watered。

76. I still remember the day ______ I first came to this school.
A. which
B. when
C. that
D. where
答案:B。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词是“the day”,在从句中作
时间状语,所以用关系副词“when”。

77. The reason ______ he was late was that he got up late.
A. which
B. why
C. that
D. for which
答案:B。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词是“the reason”,在从句中作原因状语,所以用关系副词“why”。

78. It was not until she took off her glasses ______ I realized she was
a famous film star.
A. that
B. when
C. before
D. after
答案:A。

本题考查强调句型。

“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分”,这里强调的是“not until she took off her glasses”,所以用“that”。

79. ______ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. Who
C. That
D. Whether
答案:C。

本题考查主语从句。

“That you don't like him”在句中作主语,“that”在主语从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用。

80. I have no idea ______ he will come back.
A. when
B. that
C. if
D. whether
答案:D。

本题考查同位语从句。

“whether he will come back”是“idea”的同位语,表示“是否他会回来”,“if”不能引导同位语从句,所以用“whether”。

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