Analysis of company's accounting treatment of the New Perspective-毕业论文翻译

Analysis of company’s accountingtreatment of the New PerspectiveAbstract: The company’s accounting treatment is an important part of corporate governance, corporate governance research must study the company’s accounting treatment. This point of view from the sheet, select a greater impact on the company, recognition, measurement and disclosure of the more difficult “liabilities”elements of In the balance-sheet liabilities, the connotation and extension to confirm, based on a questionnaire survey to find out the current balance-sheet problems that exist in operation, and to address these issues, make balance-sheet liabilities of control measures.Keywords: corporate governance, corporate governance accounting, Enron, balance-sheet liabilities1 Since first proposed in 1989, the World Bank “governance crisis”(Crisis in Governance, the “control” the term has been widely used from different angles and disciplines can be divided into different types of treatment: for example, economics, managementStudies (such as corporate governance, sociology (such as social governance, political science (such as governance, etc. (Zhu Xingwen 2006. According to this line of thought, then the management of financial and accounting classification, the corporate governance and financial management can be divided into accounting treatment of generalized accounting management is to monitor the activities of accounting, control, regulation, coordination and management of a collection of norms and institutional arrangements. narrow accounting treatment, it is to ensure that companies provide accounting information is true, complete, objective and just institutional arrangements.’s accounting treatment, emphasizing the accounting information of stakeholders, in order to protect their own interests are not violated, and to contract in the form of company accounting practices to control, although different scholars of the company have different views on the accounting treatment , but one thing is common that the accounting treatment is to protect the information people can use to maximize the use of high quality accounting information for decision-making services and their respectiveinstitutional arrangements for a Traditional accounting treatment, more From the perspective of the table, but with the social and economic development, fiscal management of the table reveals a growing number of defects. Baluliefu (Baruch lev that the traditional accounting system and its main product - the published financial statements of the general public, mainly reflecting only past transactions (sales, purchase, loan, etc., only out of physical assets and financial assets (fixed assets, securities, ... ... Such a narrow and not forward-looking corporate reporting difficult to provide investors, creditors and policy-makers useful information, he said: the importance of the current lack of the financial statements are the following types of information: cross-alliance, not the obligation to fulfill, such as exposure to ①. Enron scandal broke out, accounting for existing corporate information disclosure flaw, people began looking to get some special information the U.S. SEC main 席哈维皮特(Harvey pitt that the U.S. financial reporting system was outdated, and there are many imperfections he think it’s disclose more information to fulfill their obligations in a passive rather than active toinform the relevant information to investors.2 the definition of company balance-sheet liabilities 2.1 Balance sheet to define the meaning Company balance-sheet liabilities are liabilities of the company within the table corresponds to a concept, it mainly refers to those who have become or may become the company’s debt, but in accordance with current accounting standards and system requirements as well as by other factors but not in Company balance sheet reflected liabilities. Its contents, which includes off-balance sheet debt financing and uncertainty. From its scope, it can be said that in addition to the main table in the three accounting other than liabilities disclosed in the media are balance-sheet liabilities, specifically that is, should the other financial statements and financial reports disclosed liabilities regardless of balance-sheet liabilities defined, but there are two things is certain, first, the behavior of the company balance sheet is not always the result of deliberate illegal the vast majority of off-balance sheet liabilities is the current laws and regulations would allow, even if no express provision, but at least there is noexplicit prohibition in the second, the vast majority of the company balance sheet behavior of enterprises engaged in business activities is the occurrence of natural results sheet liabilities have the following characteristics.2.1.1 The balance-sheet liabilities validation features Most balance-sheet liabilities is being performed or will perform as well as possible to fulfill the contract the company balance sheet and statement of liabilities compared to one of the greatest feature is its place of uncertainty, especially uncertainty of its results . this uncertainty, reflected in the need to repay and the repayment of objects and time, etc. are not sure, because the balance-sheet liabilities usually occur only by the matters identified in the future, that is, balance-sheet liabilities occurs, not can clearly know the results, but also difficult to prove. As the degree of uncertainty in the future to reduce, eliminate or even close to the uncertainty balance the results to be gradually revealed. sheet liabilities within the uncertainty is well received Health effects of uncertainty, but also by exogenous uncertainties, such as asset securitization, sale leasebackof assets, with recourse sale of accounts receivable, environmental liabilities, price changes, liabilities, pending litigation and quality assurance and other liabilities of both companies is the uncertainty of the uncertainty of their economic operations, and also that their own standards of accounting standards caused by the uncertainty. Because of this, a confirmation sheet liabilities do not like the table liabilities as easily and clearly because of balance-sheet liabilities to confirm their own difficulties, resulting in increased uncertainty of its content. 2.1.2 Balance sheet characteristics of the measurement Balance-sheet liabilities due to many conditions, causing it great in the measurement uncertainty, that is, the more the need to estimate the amount. In addition, the performance of this uncertainty in the measurement means on the one hand uncertainty, that is, in addition to its measured in monetary terms, but also can be measured non-monetary means, on the other hand, many indicators of balance-sheet liabilities in addition to financial indicators, there are some non-financial indicators, so that sheet liabilities in full ofthe measurement uncertainty.2.1.3 Balance sheet characteristics of the disclosure 2.1.3.1 balance-sheet liabilities may amount to non-monetary or non-disclosure of accounting information included in the scope. 2.1.3.2 balance-sheet liabilities disclosed in the media because there is no fixed, fixed format, fixed and fixed decimal places of the project method, which can reflect the occurrence of the special economic business.2.1.3.3-sheet liabilities, reflecting the focus of accounting information will occur in the future to reveal the information, it is more practical to follow the principle of cost, so it reflects the balance of the main changes in the economic environment and the complex circumstances of accounting information.2.2 The extension of the company’s balance-sheet liabilities defined 2.2.1 Balance sheet financing Sheet financing is not reflected in the balance sheet of debt financing. It has the following characteristics:flexibility and concealment, risk Specifically include the following: (1 lease. To the formation of off-balance sheet lease financing in the form include the following three types: operating leases, long-term lease, sale and leaseback of assets (2 with recourse sale of accounts receivable (3 asset securitization (4 unconsolidated entities merged entity is not the main mode of financing There are three types: unconsolidated subsidiaries; joint ventures, special purpose entities (5 project financing, (6 R & D arrangements. (7 project financing agreement (8 repo sale of assets (9 processing and assembly (10 Compensation trade (11 of bonds payable regarded as settled, and so on.2.2.2 Uncertainty liabilitiesUncertainty liabilities include three types: First, the uncertainty of the results, and second, measurement uncertainty, the uncertainty of third place. Balance sheet liabilities in addition to the characteristics of uncertainty, but also with the future characteristics of liabilities, that is now able to foresee the future liabilities will occur. Specifically include the following: (1 or contingent liabilities arising from balance-sheet liabilities (2-sheetfinancial instruments liabilities (3 asset reorganization triggered by the liabilities, usually in four ways: the assumption of debt type; purchase, absorption type of shares; holding type (4-induced liabilities related party transactions (5 environmental liabilities (6 human resource liabilities (7) changes in currency liabilities (8 Intangible liabilities - negative goodwill (9 redeemable preferred stock (10 to meet the pension and so on.3’s balance-sheet liabilities of the drawbacks of current research problems If companies over the use sheet financing, and do not be disclosed in detail, it will make the company’s financial loss of transparency and credibility, deceiving the public, it would also put himself into the brink of collapse, Enron is a distinct example, while the environment for as liabilities, the uncertainty of currency changes and other debt liabilities, if companies do not predict in advance of these liabilities and disclosure, then the investors and the public have reason to believe that the disclosure of information when conducting business in a selective disclosure of information that pro-business, and those will lead to business fellintentionally concealed the information, so that a violation of the principle of full disclosure of information, leading to reduced social credibility.References [1] ZHENG Chun United States. Corporate governance in the accounting treatment countermeasures [J]. Wuhan University ,2005 -04-01.。