2019高考英语一轮复习完形填空语法填空练习3含解析201811281150

2019高考英语一轮完形填空+语法填空练习（3）
李仕才
第一部分：完形填空
A
When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn't __1__， __2__ you child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things __3__！Many people believe that they can __4__ two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr. Edward Hallowell says this is __5__. The reality is that multitasking __6__ poor job performance.
New hand­help __7__ such as smartphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and __8__ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task __9__，such as listening in the classroom or doing homework. “__10__， the brain actually __11__ kids for multitasking even though your child's performance on every task gets worse and worse. Kids don't know that they are doing __12__ because they feel better when they multitask，” says Dr. Edward Hallowell.
__13__ the appearance of hand­held devices and social networking sit es, teachers have noticed a difference in __14__ performance, critical thinking skills and how information is __15__. “Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr. Edward Hallowell. K ids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and __16__ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的), to tune out and switch __17__ to Facebook or using their cell phones __18__ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem. In the long __19__， multitasking affects grades. One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do __20__ on tests, resulting in lower grades.
1．A.play B．understand
C．use D．work
2．A.only if B．even though
C．so that D．no wonder
3．A.at once B．right away
C．in no time D．at random
4．A.advocate B．deal
C．perform D．prefer
5．A.impossible B．important
C．impatient D．impolite
6．A.results in B．results from
C．exists in D．exists from
7．A.designs B．discoveries
C．equipment D．evidence
8．A.attract B．draw
C．pay D．share
9．A.at hand B．on time
C．on schedule D．at times
10．A.Uncertainly B．Unfortunately
C．Universally D．Undoubtedly
11．A.remains B．rewards
C．regards D．reflects
12．A.better B．well
C．bad D．worse
13．A.Since B．Before
C．When D．While
14．A.accidental B．accurate
C．accessible D．academic
15．A.produced B．processed
C．possessed D．promoted
16．A.tend B．attend
C．intend D．pretend
17．A.out B．on
C．off D．over
18．A.except for B．rather than
C．more than D．apart from
19．A.run B．walk
C．journey D．distance
20．A.hardly B．successfully
C．poorly D．mildly
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。

1．D 根据下文中的“The reality is that multi­tasking __6__ poor job performance”
可推知，一次做很多事情并没有什么效果，work“奏效，起作用”。

2．B 根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，even thou gh“即使，尽管”，符合语境。

3．A 根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can __4__ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。

at once“一起，同时”。

4．C 根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。

perform“做，执行，履行”。

5．A 根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell认为同时做多个任务是不可能的。

故A项正确。

6．A 根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。

result in“导致，造成”。

7．C 根据空后的“smartphones, iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故C项正确。

下文13空后的“hand­held devices”也是信息提示。

8．D 根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。

share“共享，共用”。

9．A 根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。

at hand“在手边”。

10．B 根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。

11．B 根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。

reward“奖赏，报答”。

12．D 根据上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。

13．A 结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词since“自从……之后”引导状语从句。

14．D 根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。

academic“学术的”。

15．B 根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。

process“处理”。

16．A 根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a ‘difficult to understand’ topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。

tend to do sth.“往往会做某事”。

17．D 根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。

switch over to“转向”。

18．B 根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。

rather than“而不是”。

19．A in the long run为固定短语，意为“从长远来看”，符合语境。

20．C 根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。

B
(2015·大庆质量检测二)
I believe different people have experienced different adolescence.I must admit I was still an angry __1__ in my first year of college.My __2__ was that my parents didn’t please me at all.
Our finances were __3__，so I chose to go to a(n) __4__ college and take a bus to classes every day.One day I had a(n) __5__ fight with my father.We both exploded into shouts.I __6__ out of the house and missed my bus to school.
I rushed all the way to school.As I __7__ across the campus toward my class，I suddenly realized I didn’t have the __8__ that was due：a thought card.My professor asked us to __9__ an index card with our names and the dates every Tuesday.__10__ what was on the rest of the card，we could write a thought，a question or something else.
Now，outside the door，ten minutes later，I took an index card.__11__ to write something on it，I could only think about the __12__ I’d just had with my dad.I wrote “I am the son of an idiot！”，then __13__ into the room，and handed it to our professor.
Next day，our professor __14__ the thought cards and I __15__ he wrote，“What does the ‘son of an idiot’ do with the rest of his life？” The professor’s innocent­seeming question __16__ me to the issue：Whose problem is it？__17__，my thinking began to shift.I realized that I had created a life __18__ I was not a central figure!
The __19__ of gro wth wasn’t easy or fast.__20__ later，from a struggling student，
I became a successful student and then a successful teacher.
1.A.child B．adult
C．adolescent D．student
2．A.temper B．anger C．mood D．pain
3．A.limited B．special C．practical D．fantastic 4．A.ordinary B．private C．local D．state
5．A.serious B．controversial C．unfriendly D．anxious
6．A.stormed B．wandered C．slipped D．stepped
7．A.leaped B．walked
C．ran D．headed
8．A.duty B．assignment C．commitment D．material 9．A.take up B．put down C．hand out D．bring along 10．A.Due to B．Regardless of C．As for D．Thanks to 11．A.Concerned B．Desperate C．Excited D．Active 12．A.issue B．conversation C．dispute D．fight
13．A.poured B．entered C．dashed D．approached 14．A.gave back B．checked out C．put away D．passed on 15．A.explored B．recognized C．discovered D．ignored 16．A.awoke B．forced C．scared D．adjusted
17．A.Slowly B．Rapidly
C．Generally D．Swiftly
18．A.what B．in which
C．which D．that
19．A.process B．progress
C．period D．challenge
20．A.Weeks B．Terms
C．Months D．Years
【解题导语】处于青春期的作者有一次与父亲发生冲突，在教授的“thought card”的启发下，作者慢慢地走出了青春期叛逆的心境，最终走向了成功。

1．解析：选C。

“我”必须承认，大学一年级时“我”仍是一个愤青。

adolescent“青少年”，文中的第一句话已经给出了提示。

2．解析：选B。

根据前文“I was still an angry ______ in my first year of college”可知，“我”生气是因为“我”的父母让“我”不高兴。

3．解析：选A。

由下文可知，“我”经常乘公交车上学，因此此处表示“我们家的经济不宽裕”，故选A项。

4．解析：选C。

我们家的经济条件不宽裕，因此“我”选择去上“当地的”一所大学，每天乘公交车去上学。

ordinary意为“普通的”；private意为“私人的”；local意为“当地的”；state意为“政府的，州的”。

5．解析：选A。

由后文中的“We both exploded into shouts.”可知，“我与父亲发生了一次严重的(serious)争吵”。

故选A项。

6．解析：选A。

由语境可知，“我”和父亲发生冲突之后，“气冲冲地走”出了屋子。

storm意为“气冲冲地走”；wander意为“游荡，漫游，闲逛”；slip意为“滑倒”；step 意为“迈步”。

7．解析：选C。

由前文“I rushed all the way to school.”可知，“我”跑(ran)向教室。

leap意为“跳跃”；walk意为“步行”；head意为“朝(某个方向)行进”。

8．解析：选B。

教授布置的任务是我们要在每周二带来自己的“thought card”，写上自己的姓名、日期、想法、问题或者其他事情。

assignment“任务”，符合语境，故选B项。

9．解析：选D。

参见上题解析。

take up意为“开始从事，继续，占据”；put down意为“镇压，放下”；hand out意为“分发”；bring along意为“带上，带来”。

10．解析：选C。

卡片上要写姓名、日期，至于余下的部分，可以写想法、问题或其他事情。

as for意为“至于”；due to意为“由于，归功于”；regardless of意为“不管，不顾”；thanks to意为“幸亏，由于”。

11．解析：选B。

作者刚与父亲发生冲突，又忘记带教授布置的作业，因此应是“绝望地”在上面写了一些东西。

故选B。

12．解析：选D。

由第二段中的“One day I had a(n) ______ fight with my father”可知，此处应选D项。

13．解析：选C。

根据语境可知，此处应该是“冲进”教室，故选C项。

dash意为“猛冲，急奔”。

14．解析：选A。

第二天，教授归还了我们的卡片。

give back意为“归还”；check out 意为“结账离开”；put away意为“将……收起”；pass on意为“转交，递给”。

15．解析：选C。

教授归还了卡片，“我”发现(discovered)教授写的话。

故选C项。

16．解析：选A。

教授看似平淡的问题“唤醒”(awoke)了“我”。

17．解析：选A。

根据空格后的“my thinking began to shift”可知，作者的想法“慢慢地”改变了。

18．解析：选B。

此处应该是“in which”引导的定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为“life”。

19．解析：选A。

成长的“过程”既不容易，也不快。

20．解析：选D。

由上文可知，成长过程时间长，而作者后来又成为一位成功的老师，故此处选D项。

第二部分：短文语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2017·定州一中检测)
Jiuzhaigou Valley, China
Located in Sichuan province, the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, or Jiuzhaigou Valley, should be on your travel radar for its picturesque beauty of lush forests, __1__ (impress) waterfalls and glistening lakes. As China endeavors toward __2__ (cut) its carbon emissions by 2020, however, Jiuzhaigou is also a pioneer for biodiversity conservation and environmental __3__ (aware) in China by advocating eco­tourism. Listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1992 and a World Biosphere Reserve in 1997, the area is home to many __4__ (endanger) plant and animal species, including the beloved Giant Panda. To explore the mountainous __5__ (surrounding) and away from the crowds, Zharu Valley, __6__ particular, is the designated eco­tourism zone within the national park. Visitors are restricted in number with access only via guided hiking to the undisturbed surroundings and furthermore, into __7__ of the nine Tibetan villages __8__ occupy the region. With China's
carbon reduction efforts in full effect and Jiuzhaigou first in line to support a greener future, the area can __9__ (confident) look forward to welcoming many more generations of visitors __10__ (come)．
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨沟。

1．impressive/impressing 考查词性转换。

修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词impressive/impressing修饰名词“waterfalls”，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。

2．cutting 考查动名词用法。

介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词cutting 作介词toward的宾语。

3．awareness 考查词性转换。

形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。

4．endangered 考查非谓语动词。

endanger和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“plant”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒危植物和动物物种。

5．surroundings 考查名词用法。

surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。

6．in 考查固定搭配。

固定搭配in particular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。

故用介词in。

7．one 考查代词用法。

与语境“nine”呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表示泛指，与介词of呼应。

8．that/which 考查定语从句。

that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词villages，符合语境。

9．confidently 考查词性转换。

副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，甚至用来修饰整个句子，作状语。

此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“look forward to”，符合语境。

10．to come 考查非谓语动词。

此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句子谓语“look forward to”之间没有连词。