2018(江苏)高考英语一轮复习教案：1.1(b)经典句型 含答案

2018（江苏）高考英语一轮复习教案：1.1（b）经典句型
一、高考能力提升练习
【一】阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30% of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average. Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates (刺激) the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake―at least for a short time―because of this stimulating effect on the nervous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3% caffeine in it.
One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in East Africa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer named Kaldi. This was about the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans (豆荚) that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans. Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to the village, where he told his story. The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy to do their work. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.
1.What is the purpose of drinking coffee?
A. To become more awake.
B. To become more healthy.
C. To become more happy.
D. To become more clever.
2.How did the goats react after eating the plants?
A. They fell asleep.
B. They could not find their way home.
C. They started jumping up and down.
D. They wanted to eat more.
3.Why did the green bean get the name "Kaffa"?
A. Because Kaldi loved his home village very much.
B. Because Kaldi's goats loved the green bean very much.
C. Because the beans were discovered in a place by this name.
D. Because the beans could be picked and dried.
【参考答案】1.A 2.C 3.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文为我们介绍了咖啡豆。

通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源及其产地和作用。

1.理解题。

从第一段中“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake”中可以看出咖啡豆的作用是使人变得清醒，故选A。

2.细节理解题。

从文中第二段中“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.”可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选C。

3.细节理解题。

从最后一段第一句“The green bean got th e name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”可知，这种青豆开始叫“Kaffa”后来变为“咖啡”是因为它是在非洲一个叫Kaffa的地方被发现的，故选C。

考点：事物说明类阅读
【二】短文改错
（2016•揭阳一模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
The winter holiday is coming，that makes me excited．I had been looking forward at relaxing myself．I'd like to go skating，climb mountains and see several movie．I think I can play the basketball with my classmates．It will surely be a wonderful time!However，my parents think
different．They don't want me go out．They are afraid I'll be knocked down by a truck，fallen off a tree，or fight with others．Therefore，they are afraid I will lose my way．I hate being treated like a bird kept in a cage．To get more freedom，I will try to persuade him．
【考点】短文改错．
【分析】寒假要到了，我激动不已．一直盼望可以好好轻松一下了，滑冰，爬山，看电影，还可以和同学打打球．多美好啊！可我的父母不这样想，他们不让我出去，担心我被车碰了，从树上摔下来，或者是和别人打架，还担心我跑丢了．感觉就像一只笼子里的小鸟．为了自由，我要说服他们．
【解答】The winter holiday is coming，that makes me excited．
which
I had been looking forward at relaxing myself．
have to
I'd like to go skating，climb mountains and see several movie．
movies
I think I can play the basketball with my classmates．
It will surely be a wonderful time!However，my parents think different．
differently
They don't want me∧go out．They are afraid I'll be knocked down by a truck，fallen off a tree，
加to
fall
or fight with others．Therefore，they are afraid I will lose my way．
Besides
I hate being treated like a bird kept in a cage．To get more freedom，I will try to persuade him．
them
1．that改为which．非限制性定语从句不能用that引导．
2．had改为have．文章表达的是现在的情况，要用现在时态．句意表达的是从过去到现在，要用现在完成时态．
3．at改为to．短语搭配，look forward to盼望．
4．movie改为movies．题干用several修饰，名词要用复数．
5．the去掉．球类运动之前不用冠词．
6．different改为differently．修饰动词think要用副词．
7．加to．短语搭配，want sb to do sth想要某人做某事．
8．fallen改为fall．题干是用or连接三个动作be knocked，fall和fight with，都是在情态动词will后，所以要用动词原形．
9．Therefore改为Besides．句意表达的是递进关系，除此以外，不是因果关系．
10．him改为them．逻辑指代错误，题干指代的是parents，要用指代复数的them．
【点评】短文改错题考查的是语境理解能力和用法基础知识．常考的知识点有：名词（单复数错误），动词（时态，语态，搭配，转换），代词（指代错误），形容词和副词（转换，比较等级），连词（and，but，or）等．偶尔也会考查逻辑错误，如本来用her，却用了his等等．解题是要注意：以句子为单位，以动词为中心．看句子要看完整，避免句子前后矛盾的错误；找错误要以动词为主，动词或与动词有关的错误占了改错的题的重要一部分．
二、经典句型
1.it’s +名词+(for sb.)to do sth.句型
【原句呈现】①We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the
faces and names.
②Now it is time to present your poster to the class.
【考点聚焦】
It＋be＋n.＋(for sb.)＋to do sth.
It＋be＋adj.＋(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
▲当作表语的形容词(easy, difficult, important等)说明不定式行为的性质和特点时，常用“for sb.”引出不定式的逻辑主语。

请注意：当作表语的形容词(kind, nice, good, silly等)说明不定式的逻辑主语的性格
和品行时，常用“of sb.”引出不定式的逻辑主语。

【考题研读】
How silly it was _______ you to give up such a good chance.
A. for
B. of
C. with
D. on
▲“it’s time to do sth.”意为“是该做某事的时间了”。

为了表达“是某人该做某事的时间了”可以用下列
句型：It’s time for sb. to do sth.或It’s (high) time that sb. did/should do sth.
请注意不要与下列句型相混淆：It’s + the (one’s)+序数词+ time +to do sth.(或
+that从句)表示某人第几次做某事。

这是我第一次用英语写信。

It is my first time to write a letter in English.
It is my first time that I’ve even written a letter in English.
【考题研读】
Don’t play any longer. It’s high time you _______ down to your study.
A. get
B. to get
C. shall get
D. should get
2.that is why...句型
【原句呈现】I am really fond of reading books, and that is why my favourite subject is Literature.
【考点聚焦】
▲why引导表语从句，意为“这就是为什么……，这就是……的原因”。

注意它和this is because…的
区别，because后接的是原因，而why 后接的是结果。

There is no air and water on the moon. That’s why no creatures can live there.
No creatures can live on the moon. That’s because there is no air and water there.
▲that’s why...和that’s because...的区别；
▲the reason that从句(或The reason for+名词) is why...的句型。

【考题研读】
①From space, the earth looks blue. This is _______ about seventy-one percent of
its surface is covered by water.
A. why
B. how
C. because
D. whether
②The reason _______ he was late today is _______ he met with a traffic accident
on the way here.
A. why; because
B. why; that
C. that; why
D. /; /
③One reason for her preference for city life is _______ she can have easy access
to places like shops and restaurants.
A. that
B. how
C. what
D. why
3.not...until句型
【原句呈现】I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.
【考点聚焦】
▲“not...until”基本意义为“直到……才……”。

“until”既是介词，又是连词，因而该结构可以用于简单句
中，也可以引导一个复合句。

I didn’t recei ve your letter until yesterday.直到昨天我才收到你的来信。

I didn’t know his name until he told me.直到他告诉我，我才知道他的名字。

▲Not until…＋主句(用倒装句)
▲It is/was not until…that… (强调句型)
【考题研读】
①Not until recently _______ the development of tourist-related activities in the
rural areas.
A. they had encouraged
B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage
D. they encouraged
②Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _______ his musical
gift was fully recognized.
A. while
B. though
C. that
D. after
4.Upon/On doing或Upon/On＋名词的结构
【原句呈现】Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.
【考点聚焦】
▲“upon/on doing或upon/on＋名词”表示“一……就……”；
▲表示“一……就……”的表达法还有：
①as soon as/once引导的时间状语从句(as soon as强调时间的紧接，而once带有条件的意味。

)
②No sooner had＋主语＋过去分词…＋than＋主语＋动词的过去时
③Hardly/Scarcely/＋had＋主语＋过去分词…＋when/before＋动词的过去时
以下供教师备课时取舍，也可以不讲：
①名词：the moment/instant/minute/second...。

②副词：instantly/immediately/directly...。

③介词短语“At the sight/thought/mention of＋名词”分别表示“一看到/想到/提到……就……”。

【考题研读】
①_______ reaching the zoo, the excited children can’t wait to see the animals.
A. At
B. Upon
C. Before
D. With
②He had no sooner finished his speech _______ the students started cheering.
A. since
B. as
C. when
D. than
③I had hardly got to the office _______ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
A. when
B. than
C. until
D. after
5.so...that...句型
【原句呈现】I was a little nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
【考点聚焦】
▲so/such ...that ...都用来引导结果状语从句：在该结构中是用“so”还是用“such”
要看被修饰的成分而定；
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...
so＋many/few/much/little(少的)＋n.＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(不可数名词)＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(可数名词复数)＋that...
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...=so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that...
▲so/such连同被其修饰的成分置于句首时，句子要用倒装句。

【考题研读】
①So sudden _______ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack
B. the attack did
C. was the attack
D. the attack was
②So much of interest _______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing
it all.
A. offers Beijing
B. Beijing offers
C. does Beijing offer
D. Beijing does offer。