2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第23期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖
析B卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
She hesitated for a （） of a second before accepting his challenge to a game of tennis.
问题1选项
A.fiction
B.function
C.friction
D.fraction
【答案】D
【解析】固定搭配。

fiction小说;function功能;friction摩擦;fraction部分。

a fraction of意为"一小部分, 零点几", 为固定搭配。

句意：在接受他的网球挑战之前, 她犹豫了片刻。

所以选项D正确。

2.
单选题
From the living room and family auto to the supermarket and office, it's impossible to escape the electronic revolution that is（） the way people live and work.
问题1选项
A.resuming
B.transforming
C.preparing
D.seeking 【答案】B
【解析】动词词义辨析。

resuming重新开始, 继续;transforming 转化, 转变;preparing准备;seeking 寻找, 谋求。

句意：从起居室和家用汽车到超市和办公室, 人们不可能逃脱正在改变人们生活和工作方式的电子革命。

选项B符合句意。

3.
单选题
I can't （）my eager when I hear of people being cruel to animals.
问题1选项
A.restrain
B.alleviate
C.deteriorate
D.relieve
【答案】A
【解析】动词词义辨析。

restrain"抑制,控制"; alleviate"减轻,缓和"; deteriorate"恶化,变坏";relieve"解除,减轻"。

这里指不能控制自己的情绪, 所以选项A正确。

4.
单选题
The environmental movement is （） to the widespread feelings of support for nature's inherent worth.
问题1选项
A.testimony
B.hypocrisy
pensation
passion
【答案】A
【解析】名词辨析题。

testimony证据，证词；hypocrisy虚伪，伪善；compensation补偿，报酬；compassion 同情，怜悯。

句意：环保运动证明了人们普遍支持自然的内在价值。

选项A符合句意。

5.
单选题
To take revenge of the defeat last year, each player was making his （） to win the match. Even their fans were cheering for them.
问题1选项
A.setback
B.endeavor
C.remnant
D.distinction
【答案】B
【解析】名词辨析题。

setback挫败，退步；endeavor努力，尝试；remnant剩余；distinction区别，差别。

句意：为了弥补去年的失败，每个运动员都在努力赢得比赛。

甚至他们的球迷也在为他们欢呼。

选项B符合句意。

6.
单选题
Last year our school football team won four（） games.
问题1选项A.obsessive
B.concessive
C.successive
D.excessive
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析题。

obsessive强迫性的，着迷的；concessive让步的，妥协的 ; successive 连续的，接替的；excessive过度的。

句意：去年我们学校足球队连续赢了四场比赛。

选项C符合句意。

7.
单选题
They ignored him, despite his repeated （） that he was not on the scene of murder that evening.
问题1选项
A.assumptions
B.suppositions
C.affirmations
D.confirmations
【答案】C
【解析】名词辨析题。

assumption"假定,设想";supposition"猜测, 推测";affirmation"断言, 认定";confirmation"证实, 确认"。

句意：尽管他一再申明那天晚上他不在谋杀现场，他们对他还是置之不理。

选项C符合句意。

8.
单选题
A sensitive person is one who is easily hurt or （） by things that people do or say.
问题1选项
A.offended
B.wounded
C.stimulated
D.motivated
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

offend"冒犯;进攻"; wound"伤害,受伤"; stimulate"刺激,鼓舞";motivate"承受,具有,支撑"。

根据or可以推断填空处应与hurt意思相近。

wound一般指外伤, 伤口, 不符合句意, 所以选项A正确。

句意：敏感的人很容易被别人的言行伤害或冒犯。

试题答案
A
9.
单选题
You know yourself better than anyone else; does not undertake that project unless you can （） it.
问题1选项
plement
pliment
C.implement
D.supplement
【答案】C
【解析】动词辨析题。

complement"补足, 补充";compliment"恭维,赞美";implement"使生效, 实施, 执行"; supplement"增补"。

句意：你比任何人都了解你自己; 除非你能将这个项目实施下去，否则就不要接管它。

选项C符合句意。

10.
单选题
Mrs. Thompson gave us a （） account of what had happened;that's why we no longer believe in the sincerity of her utterance.
问题1选项
A.curved
B.distorted
C.twisted
D.tangled
【答案】B
【解析】形容词辨析题。

curved"弯曲的";distorted "歪曲的;曲解的",常指叙述事实的歪曲;twisted "扭曲的",常指物体的变形或者心理变态;tangled"缠结的,复杂的"。

句意：Thompson夫人歪曲了所发生事情的事实，这就是我们不再相信她说的话的原因。

选项B符合句意。

11.
单选题
The kitchen was small and（）so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.
问题1选项
plex
plete
pact
posite
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析题。

complex"复合的, 复杂的"; complete "完整的, 彻底的"; compact "紧凑的, 简洁的"; composite "混合的, 综合的"。

句意：厨房小而紧凑，残疾妇女可以毫不费力地够到任何东西。

选项C符合句意。

12.
写作题
Directions: Some people say that the best preparation for life is learning to be cooperative. Others take the opposite view and say that learning to be competitive is the best preparation, Tell which one you agree with and explain why, Please write an essay of about 300 words on this issue. You should give specific reasons and details to support your position. Write the essay on the Answer Sheet only.
【答案】Which is more important to one's success cooperative or competitive? For such questions, different people have different views. But in my conception, I guess cooperation is more vital than competitive.
Firstly, cooperation is our human beings intrinsic motive. When human beings could be called "human beings" who are different with animals, cooperation is one of the most important factors for our evolution. We have wiser brain than any other creatures on this planet because we know how to achieve our goal through team work. We could say that without cooperation, maybe we are still live in Stone-era.
Secondly, in modern society, we are facing more and more sophistication in social division of labor. The TV set which is very common to everybody of us is made up of thousands of spare parts which maybe made in hundreds of factory. The car, the computer, even the sewing machine and fruit knife is very complicated during the manufacture procedure. Similarly at one workshop, a small member team, even wife and husband, we need to be cooperative with each other.
Thirdly, we make preparation for success, we have to be cooperative. In modern management points of view, cooperation and inter-dependence are elites. We are always emphasizing "synergy" which means 1+1 more than 2. Cooperation is the match which could lighten fire. Cooperation is the key which could open the door of success.
However, like a coin has two sides, we cannot overlook the effective and positive influence of competition. Cooperation, then competition, I think, is the right way.
13. 单选题
Some travelers believe carriers intentionally ground half-filled flights to cut cost, only to fill up later planes. Mysterious cancellations just rub people the wrong way. One passenger complained that an American Airlines gate agent told him he didn't have the foggiest idea why a flight had been cancelleD.Wary of lost bags and long waits at check-in and luggage carousel, many passengers try to lug as much carry-on baggage as they can, slowing boarding and increasing the stress on other passengers. Stephanie Mehas, a passenger, said, "Always pack two properly sized carryons," she says, "but many people come banging down the aisle with multiple bags, expecting to jam them all in the overhead bin." This can be dangerous. Falling carry-on bags annually injure thousands of passengers.
As to the present situation, veteran airline observer Robert Poole contends that legislation and industry promises"are stopgaps". Greater regulation will do nothing to spur innovation, and, he notes, between 1998 and 2010, air travel in America will have expended 40 percent to one billion annual passengers, overwhelming our ready strained infrastructure. Unless the system is expended, he predicts customer service will continue its over-all downward trend.The ultimate solution, says Poole, is to complete the" unfinished revolution" that began in 1978 with government deregulation of airline routes and fares. Poole believes that the antiquated, overly bureaucratic air-traffic-control system could be privatized, following the successful model of Nav Canada, which uses high-tech equipment and modern administrative procedure. Another innovation that has shown great promise abroad is smaller, privately owned airports offering point-to-point service using new fuel-efficient jets. More of these airports will relieve the pressure on the big airports, but put pressure on the carriers to improve.
1.The sentence ".. didn't have the foggiest idea" in Line 3 means （） .
2.Too much hand baggage can cause some problems EXCEPT （） .
3.In Poole's view, which of the following will do for a change?
4.Besides privatization, Poole also puts forward another solution, that is（）
5.Which of the following best fits for the title?
问题1选项
A.he didn't know
B.he knew, but couldn't say
C.be vaguely knew
D.he was not in a position to know试题分析
问题2选项
A.safety problems on board the plane
B.more time in boarding
C.pressure on other passengers
D.disorder on the plane
问题3选项
A.Legislation.
B.Industry commitment.
C.Regulation.
D.Expansion of the present system.
问题4选项
A.more use of jets
B.less restriction on routes and fares
C.the adoption of high-tech equipment
D.establishment of secondary airports
问题5选项
A.The Airlines Are in Trouble
B.The Inefficiency of the Airlines
C.Problems and Solutions for the Airlines
D.The System of the Airlines Should Change 【答案】第1题:A 第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:A
第5题:C
【解析】1.细节推斷题。

foggiest的原形是foggy, 意为"模糊的"。

这句话的意思是,哪怕是模糊的信息都不清楚,也就是一点都不知道的意思。

选项A正确。

2.细节判断题。

根据第一段的内容可知, 行李过多会导致登机速度更慢, 也增加了其他乘客的压力。

放在行李架上也会有掉落的风险从而伤到其他人, 所以选项A, B, C均正确, 只有选项D未提及。

3.细节推断题。

根据题干关键词Poole定位到第二段。

根据第三句"Unless the system is expended, he predicts customer service will continue its over-all downward trend."他预计, 除非该系统得到扩展, 否则客户服务将继续全面下滑。

选项D符合原文。

4.细节推断题。

根据第二段的倒数第二句"Another innovation that has shown great promise abroad is smaller, privately owned airports offering point-to-point service using new fuel-efficient jets."。

另一项在海外表现出巨大前景的创新是小型私人机场, 它们使用新型节油飞机提供点对点服务。

选项A正确。

5.主旨大义题。

本文讲述了航天系统所岀现的问题及其解决策略。

选项C符合文章主旨。

14.
单选题
When Mr. Johns went shopping at the thrift store, he was looking for a （） .
问题1选项
A.bargain
B.charge
C.gain
D.purchase
【答案】A
【解析】名词辨析题。

bargain便宜货；charge费用；gain利润，收获；purchase购买的东西。

根据句中的关键词 the thrift store（旧货店，二手店）判断, 选项A更符合句意。

15.
单选题
The poison produced by the spider's skin is so （） that it will paralyze a bird or a monkey immediately.
问题1选项
A.lethal
B.liable
C.tedious
D.profound
【答案】A
【解析】形容词的辨析题。

lethal"致死的, 致命的";liable "有责任的, 有义务的";tedious "乏味的, 单调的";profound "知识渊博的。

句意：蜘蛛皮肤产生的毒液是致命的，它会立即使一只鸟或一只猴子瘫痪。

选项A符合句意。