译林版高中英语必修第1册U3L3 Grammar and usage

Restrictive relative clauses
The forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenage girl who had a problem with her best friend Jenny.
She was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me.
Unit 3 Getting along with others
Grammar and usage
Grammar and usage
Restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns
01
The forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenage girl.
connec is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
• A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. • A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just
She had a problem with her best friend Jenny.
She was a popular girl. She was willing to make friends with me.
David also had a friend. He trusted the friend a lot.
David also had a friend whom he trusted a lot .
Part A
Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below. The first one has been done for you.
We can use relative pronouns to introduce restrictive relative clauses.
Rules
The most frequently used relative pronouns include who, whom, which, that, whose.
• I don’t understand the way (_t_h_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_)_ you thought of to solve the problem.
Common interests provide rich ground from which many friendships grow.
the connection which we share.
Rules
A restrictive relative clause is used to modify a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it.
The noun, pronoun or noun phrase is the antecedent.
4. A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit. You can count on awtrhuoemf/rwiehnod/.that • A relationship with a true friend
_w_h_o_m__/w__h_o_/t_h_a_t_y_o_u__c_a_n_c_o_u_n_t_o_n___will surely produce fruit.
The way was not difficult to understand. He explained the way to us.
The way (that/which) he explained to us was not difficult to understand.
• I don’t like the way __(_th_a_t_/_in__w_h_i_c_h_)_ you talk to your parents.
The way was not difficult to understand. He explained the sentence to us in the way.
The way (that/in which) he explained the sentences to us was not difficult to understand.
the face that we show to the world. • Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected
are eating away at the meaning of friendship. • Social media like blogs has come between us and
5. You have been helped by others. To make friends, you should help others in the same way. • To make friends, you should help others the way
__in__w_h__ic_h_/_th_a_t__y_o_u_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__h_e_lp_e_d__b_y_o_t_h_e_rs____.
whom we love. • “Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to
express the values which matter most to us. • “Liking” our friends’ photos online does not develop the
David also had a friend. antecedent
relative pronoun
He trusted thwehfroiemnd a lot.
David also had a friend (whom he trusted a lot).
the main clause
A restrictive relative clause is used to modify a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it.
The relative pronouns, who, whom, which, that, often act as a component in clauses.
Part B1
Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses.
the friends whom we love. • “Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough
to express the values which matter most to us. • “Liking” our friends’ photos online does not develop
the way (in which/that)
Part B2
The passage below is about friendship in a great novel. Complete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.
Preposition + which
Preposition + that
Friendships are like flowers which/that need to be taken good care of. A relationship with a true friend (whom/ who/that) you can count on will surely produce fruit.
face that we show to the world. • Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are
eating away at the meaning of friendship. • Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends
We use _w__h_i_ch_ for things, and __w_h_o___ and whom for people. We can use _t_h_a_t__ for both things and people. We use __w_h_o_s_e_ to show possession.
which who/that
which/that whose who/that
1. Common interests provide rich ground. Many friendships grow from ricwh hgircohund. • Common interests provide rich ground
_f_r_o_m__w_h_i_c_h_m__a_n_y_f_r_ie_n_d_s_h_ip_s__g_ro_w____.
3. Friendships are like flowers. Twhehsiechfl/othwaetrs need to be taken good care of. • Friendships are like flowers
_w__h_ic_h_/_th__a_t _n_e_ed__t_o_b_e_t_a_k_e_n_g_o_o_d__c_ar_e__o_f __.
• A real friend is someone ( who)walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
• A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. • A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the
A relative pronoun can only be ignored when it acts as an object.
To make friends, you should help others the way (in which/that) you have been helped by others.
2. When friend’s communication is warm and open, friendships grow best. • Friendships grow best between friends
_w__h_o_se__c_o_m_m__u_n_ic_a_t_io_n__is__w_a_r_m__a_n_d_o_p_e_n_. friend’s communication = whose communication