湖北省南漳县高考英语阅读理解和单项选择选练(1)

湖北省南漳县2016高考英语阅读理解和单项选择选练（1）
阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last
forever.But，at nearly 500 years of age，time is catching up
with the Mona Lisa.
The health of the famous picture，painted by Leonardo
da Vinci in 1505，is getting worse by the year，according to the
Louvre Museum where it is housed.
“The thin，wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago.”the museum said.Visitors hav e noticed changes，but repairing the world's most famous painting is not easy.Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current(现在的)chemical state.
Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“It's very interesting that when you' re not looking at her，she seems to be smiling，and then，you look at her and she slops.”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“It' s because direct vision(视觉)is excellent at picking up detail，but less suited to looking at shadows.Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”
However，the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as mysterious as the smile.Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him，until it was eventually sold to France's King Francis I in 1519.
In 1911，the painting was stolen from the Louvre Museum by a former employee，who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat.He said he planned to return it to Italy.The painting was sent back to France two years later.
During World War II，French men hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.
Like many old ladies，the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.
1．The underlined sentence in the first paragraph means the Mona Lisa________.
A．is losing its value
B．is being damaged after so many years
C．is getting more valuable with years passing
D．will rot away
答案：B 细节理解题。

首先，由转折词But判断，本句的意思应和文章前面所说“美貌是永恒的”在意义上相反。

后面又介绍说“蒙娜·丽莎”的健康状况随着岁月的流逝而恶化，画的木板变形，因此断定此处的意思是指随着岁月的流逝，名画《蒙娜·丽莎》受到了损坏。

2．The smile of the Mona Lisa can only be seen________.
A．by indirect vision B．at a distance
C．by direct vision D．in shadows
答案：A 细节理解题。

文章第四段提到，人们“正视”时，往往看不到“蒙娜·丽莎”的微笑，原因是当时达·芬奇是在暗处画得画，因此只有人们“不正视”时，才能看到她的微笑。

3．From the last paragraph，we can infer that________.
A．many interesting stories have been written about the Mona Lisa
B．people are interested in the stories about the Mona Lisa
C．some mysteries still remain to be solved about the Mona Lisa
D．many more stories will be told about the Mona Lisa
答案：C 推理判断题。

文章前面提到“蒙娜·丽莎”的历史像她的微笑一样是个谜，因此最后一段的意思是她还有一些秘密未被人知。

4．Experts haven't had any repairs on the Mona Lisa because________.
A．it is now in a poor chemical state
B．they don't know how to replace the wooden panel
C．they don't have the materials Da Vinci used
D．they are afraid it will be done further damage
答案：D 推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句可知，专家对于达·芬奇所用的材料及材料现在的化学状态没有把握，也就是说担心盲目修补会更加损坏此画。

A项讲此画状况极差，观点过激与本文不符；B项本文未提及；C项与第三段最后一句不符。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Puerto Rico(波多黎各)may be part of the USA but its music and dance is a mixture of both Spanish and American rhythms. The country, as a result, is a mixture of very new and very old. It exhibits the open American way of life yet remains the more formal Spanish influences. This is reflected in the architecture, not just the difference between the old and the modern in urban areas but also in the countryside, where older buildings sit side by side with schools and houses. It is found in the cooking, too many fast food restaurants together with local cooking which has its roots in the
mixture of culture of all the Caribbean and in the music, where rock music is played in beach resorts(圣地)but in the hilly center, Puerto Rican music can be heard. Old volcanic mountains, long motionless, take up a large part of the center, with the highest peak, Cerro de Punta, at 1,338 m in the Cordillera. The mountains are surrounded by a coastal plain with the Atlantic shore beaches cooled all the year round by trade winds(信风)．
The population is 3.8 million, of which about 1.5 million live in San Juan, although about another two million Puerto Ricans live in the USA. Average life is 73.8 years and GDP per person is US $ 12,212, the highest in Latin America, although not up to the level of mainland USA. The people are largely a mixture of Amerindian, Taino­Arawak, Spanish and African. Most Puerto Ricans do not speak English and less than 30% speak it fluently(流利地). Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York, but who have returned to the island, are called Nuyoricans(新波多利哥人). The people are very friendly and hospitable but there is crime, linked to drugs and unemployment.
1．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．Puerto Rico belongs to the USA
B．Puerto Rico is part of Spanish
C．Puerto Rico is an independent country
D．Puerto Rico has the highest peak in Latin America
答案：A 细节理解题。

波多黎各是南美洲的岛屿，属于美国。

由首句Puerto Rico may be part of the USA得出。

2．The underlined word“It”in the first paragraph refers to________.
A．the country
B．a result
C．a mixture of very new and very old
D．Puerto Rico
答案：C 语意理解题。

应向前找，再向后看看it代表的内容，此处是指既古老又现代的混合体。

It在句中作代词，指代前一句中的名词或短语，首先可以排除B。

a result，因为“as a result”是插入语，A项the country虽然意思正确，但与C项相比就相对间接了；而D项Puerto Rico比A项更加间接，故排除。

3．What's the character of the culture of Puerto Rico?
A．Either new or old.
B．A mixture of different peoples.
C．Too many fast food restaurants.
D．Either Spanish or American.
答案：B 推理判断题。

波多黎各文化的特点是西班牙、美国等不同民族的混合，由第一段可以得出。

A项和D项是两者中的选择而不是结合，C项属细节。

4．What are the disadvantages of Puerto Rico?
A．Too many Puerto Ricans live in the USA.
B．Few people in Puerto Rico can speak English.
C．Puerto Rico's GDP is lower than that of the USA.
D．Social problems connected with drugs and lack of jobs.
答案：D 细节理解题。

文中作者提到的不利因素——与毒品和失业相关的犯罪。

即把犯罪概括为社会问题。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition, and proper rest for physical recovery. A person who is physically fit will be able to walk or run without getting breathless and he or she will be able to carry out the activities of everyday living and will not need help. How much each person can do will depend on their age and whether they are a man or woman.
A physically fit person usually has a normal weight for height. The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index. A taller person can be heavier and still be fit. If a person is too heavy or too thin for the height it may affect the health.
Mental health refers to a person's emotional and psychological well-being. "A state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her thinking and emotional (feeling) abilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life."
One way to think about mental health is by looking at how well a person functions. Feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to "bounce back," or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.
Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health. This is fixed by organized efforts and choices of society, public and private clubs, communities and individuals.
It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person. Public health stops instead of encouraging a disease through surveillance (监督) of cases. To prevent being sick, it is good to do healthy behaviors, such as hand washing, vaccination programs and so on. When infectious diseases break out, washing hands may be especially important.
26. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Physical, Mental and Public Health
B. Something about Health
C. Importance of Health
D. Three healthy Lives
【答案】A
【解析】标题归纳题。

根据Physical fitness refers to good health及Mental health refers to a person's emotional and psychological well-being.及Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health.这是主题句，分别叙述了身体健康，精神健康及公共卫生，故选A。

27. What does “Body Mass Index” in Paragraph 1 consist of?
A. Exercise, proper diet and nutrition
B. Abilities, functions and demands
C. Recovery, independence and relation
D. Height, weight and their relation. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。

根据The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index.可知身高体重及它们之间的关系，故选D。

28. What are the signs of mental health?
A. Living an independent life and suffer from hardships.
B. Reducing normal levels of stress and handle "bounce back".
C. Increasing emotional demands and psychological well-being.
D. Living an independent life and own good friends and family.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。

根据Feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to "bounce back," or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health.过着独立的生活拥有好朋友和家庭，故选D。

29. Once Bird Flu takes place, that refers to ________.
A. the problem of physical health
B. the problem of public health
C. the problem of mental health
D. the importance of washing hands 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。

根据Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community及 It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person.公共健康不是指一个人的而是指一个社区或集体，禽流感的发生是由于公共健康的问题，故选B。

30. What can promote your body health according to the passage?
A. Family, society and individuals.
B. Private clubs, communities and individuals.
C. Regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition.
D. Hand washing, vaccination and other healthy behaviors.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。

根据Physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition,适当的锻炼，适量的饮食及营养能够促进身体健康，故选C。

2015高考英语（附解析答案）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—Was the proposal passed at yesterday's meeting?
—Yes, but some members at the committee expressed________.
A．associations B．authority
C．corporations D．reservations
解析考查名词词义辨析。

association社团；联盟；authority权力；权威；corporation 公司；法人；reservation(保留)意见；异议。

答案 D
2．At the class meeting, some top students introduced several________to the study of English.
A．approaches B．means
C．methods D．ways
解析考查名词与介词的搭配。

approach to sth/doing sth做某事的方法；by means of/by this means/by that means通过某种方式；with the method of...用……的方法；
way to do.../of doing 做……的方式或方法。

答案 A
3．I can ______ the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A．come up with B．put up with
C．turn to D．stick to
解析考查动词短语辨析。

句意：我可以忍受房间乱点儿，但我讨厌它不干净。

A.提出，想出；B.忍受；C.求助于，转向；D.坚持，忠于。

由句意可知此处应填“忍受”，故答案为B项。

答案 B
4．When the headmaster spoke out his plan，the_____of the students in the class_____against it.
A．majority; were B．most; were
C．most; did D．majority; did
解析考查固定搭配和主谓一致。

the majority of“大多数的”，修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

故选A。

答案 A
5．________，I can see that those terrible events shaped me into the person I am today.
A．Having looked back
B．Looking back
C．Being looking back
D．To be looking back
解析考查非谓语动词用法。

look back与句子的谓语动词see同时发生，故应用现在分词的一般式作状语，表时间。

looking back相当于when I look back。

答案 B
6．These children had no idea________they should go，so they had to stop to ask the way.
A．how B．that C．what D．where
解析考查名词性从句。

where引导同位语从句，可根据后面的so they had to stop to
ask the way判断。

答案 D
7．A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology，China，________.
A．such as B．for example
C．namely D．and so on
解析句意：许多国家在太空技术方面取得了杰出的成就，比如说，中国。

such as列举同类中的几个例子；for example可列举一例；namely把内容全部列举出来；and so on 表示“等等”。

答案 B
8．Don’t be too______about things you are not supposed to know.
A．strange B．amusing
C．curious D．conscious
解析be curious about“对……感到好奇”。

strange“奇怪(特)的”；amusing“好笑的，有趣的”；conscious“注意到的，意识到的”。

句意：别对你不该知道的事情过于好奇。

答案 C
9．________in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
A．Waiting B．To wait
C．Having waited D．To have waited
解析考查非谓语动词的用法。

根据the old man与wait之间的关系，应该选择­ing形式，再根据句意可知“他”是在主句谓语动词“realized”前就“等了(wait)半个小时了”，有明显的先后关系，故要用­ing形式的完成式。

答案 C
10．Running a company is not________a matter of hiring people —they also need to be trained.
A．simply B．partly C．seriously D．equally
解析句意：经营一家公司不仅仅就是雇人的事情——他们还需要被培训。

A项simply 表示“仅仅，只不过”，符合句意。

答案 A
11．At the meeting they discussed three different______to the study of mathematics.
A．approaches B．means
C．methods D．ways
解析句意：在会议上，他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。

approach指从事某事
的特别方法、途径，译作“(待人接物或思考问题的)方式、方法、态度”。

approach与介词to 搭配，其余三个词与介词of 搭配。

答案 A
12．—Do you know Anna's telephone number?
—________.As a matter of fact，I don't know any Anna，either.
A．I think so B．I'm afraid not
C．I hope so D．I'd rather not
解析根据下文“...，I don't know any Anna，either.”可判断出应该选B，I'm afraid not我恐怕不知道。

答案 B
13．Students are warned of not being too________about things they are not supposed to know.
A．strange B．curious C．conscious D．amusing
解析考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：学生们被警告不要对不应知道的事追根问底。

be curious about对……好奇，符合句意。

strange陌生的；conscious有知觉的，有意识的；
amusing有乐趣的，好笑的。

均不合句意。

答案 B
14．As I______the house，I noticed a light on upstairs.
A．entered into B．attached
C．appealed D．approached
解析句意：当我接近房子时，我注意到楼上亮着灯。

enter后不必加into，而attach 表示粘上，appeal表示吸引、呼吁，均不合题意。

答案 D
15．—He managed to________at the last moment.
—You mean he has a narrow escape?
A．turn away B．turn up
C．turn out D．turn in
解析考查短语辨析。

句意：——他在最后一刻设法避开了。

——你是说他九死一生？turn away避开；解雇；不准……入内；走开；转过脸；turn up出现；开大；出现；turn out 生产；结果是；turn in交上；归还。

答案A。