英语Book4U2完整

Unit 2 That Must Be Hard on You
【重点、难点、考点】
【重点词组】
put away; clean up the apartment; talk behind one’s back; tell lies; change one’s
mind; improve the relationship with sb.; open-ended questions; pour out to sb.;
bring in; pay attention to; come across; common myths; be different from; wear
off; in reality; focus on; be similar to; have to do with; do sb. Good; tell the truth;
do wonders; in a favorite outfit; even if; in actuality; at the beginning; be likely
to; in a clear and logical way; once in a while; be a mess
【重点句型】
1.What are the qualities needed to improve the relationship between our friends and us?
2.The more they laugh, the more they will enjoy your company.
3.Make your presence the life of any gathering.
4.Once the early excitement wears off, you may find that the things you used to find unusual
about that person now annoy you.
5.It’s a constant surprise to me how many people saw their partner from across the room and
“just knew’ they were to be together.
6.Remembering what works in a relationship is just as important as stopping the things that are
bad for it.
【重点交际用语】
1.How could she do that to you?
2.The same thing happened to me.
3.I’m really sorry to hear that. Forget about it.
4.That must be hard on you.
5.Tell me about it.
【重点、难点、考点引导】
1.put相关词组
put aside 储存，保留
put away 放好，收好
put down 记下来，写下来put forward 提出，促进
put in 插话，校准
put off 推迟，劝阻put on 穿，戴，搽，增加，摆架子put out 熄灭，公布，生产
put together 总合
put through 接通电话
put up 张贴；推举
put up with 忍受
2.clean
adj.
(1)干净的；洁净的；
Disease has not been a problem because clean water is available.
不必担心会生病，因为能喝上干净水。

(2)无害的，无污染的;
Fans of electric cars say they are clean, quiet and economical.
电动汽车迷们说，电动车清洁、无噪音而且经济。

(3)(名声、履历）无污点的，清白的
You can rent these cars as long as you have a clean driving license.
你可以租到这些车，只要你的驾照没有违规记录。

(4)公平的，不违规的
He called for a clean fight in the election. 他呼吁选举中进行公平竞争。

adv. （用于加强语气）完全，彻底
The thief got clean away with the money. 那个贼拿着钱逃之夭夭了。

v. (1)清洗；擦拭
Her father cleaned his glasses with a paper napkin. 她父亲用纸巾把眼镜擦干净。

(2)打扫，清扫（房间、房屋）
She got up early and cleaned the flat. 她早早就起了床，把公寓打扫干净。

clean 指用各种方式打扫干净
clean up 收拾，整理
Mother cleaned the house for New Year’s Day. 母亲把房子打扫得干净过元旦。

Please clean your bedroom up. 请把你的卧室打扫干净。

e的相关词组
come about 发生, 造成
come across （无意中）碰到，越过come along 随同，进行
come round 来临，顺道拜访，苏醒come before 优先于……
come forward 挺身而出
come in 进来
come into being 产生，建立come on 赶快，加油，得了
come out 出来，出版，开花，结果come through 经历，显露，接通come true实现
come over，过来，顺便来访come to 来到，共计，恢复知觉come to an end结束
come up with 想出，找出（答案）
She came through a serious illness last year. 去年她生了一场大病。

When the news came out, everyone was shocked. 消息传来，人人都感到震惊。

Come over any time; I’m always in.请随便什么时候来坐坐，我总在家。

Christmas will soon come round. 圣诞节就要到了。

When she came to, she could not, for a moment, recognize the surroundings.
她苏醒过来时，一下子记不清自己在什么地方。

4.happen vi. 发生
(Sth.) happen to sb. 某人发生某事
If anything happens to him, you will have to pay for it.
如果他发生任何事，你都要为此付出代价。

(Sb.) happen to do 碰巧做某事
We happened to hold the same view. 我们两人的想法不谋而合。

5.lie
vi. (1)躺,
The injured man was lying motionless on his back.
那名受伤的男子一动不动地仰面躺在那里。

(2)摆放，位于；
The islands lie at the southern end of the Kurile chain.
这些岛屿位于千岛群岛的南端。

(3)处于……状态；
The picture lay hidden in the archives for over 40 years.
这张照片在档案室中藏了40多年。

(4)存在，内含
He realized his future lay elsewhere. 他意识到他的未来不在这里。

以上lie的过去式，过去分词分别为--lay—lain; 现在分词为lying
(5)说谎；骗人
If asked, he lies about his age. 有人问起时，他就会谎报年龄。

(6)（事物）造成假象，不可靠
The camera can sometimes lie. 照相机拍出的照片有时也未必可靠。

以上lie的过去式，过去分词分别为--lied—lied，现在分词是lying
n. (1)谎言，谎话
I've had enough of your lies. 我已经听够了你的谎言。

(2)位置；状态
The actual site of a city is determined by the natural lie of the land.
城市的实际选址取决于这片土地的自然状况。

注意：不要混淆lie与lay这两个动词的用法。

lay表示“放置,安放”, “布置（餐桌）”, lay 的过去式和过去分词均为laid，通常作及物动词.
They laid a sheet of newspaper on the floor. 他们在地上铺一张报纸。

6.frustrated adj. 挫败的，失意的，泄气的be frustrated with
The audiences are frustrated with the new film. 观众对新电影很失望。

frustrate v. 使灰心；使沮丧；使愤怒
It frustrated the director that the film was not so welcome by the audiences.
电影不受观众欢迎是导演很沮丧。

frustrating adj. 令人灰心的；使人沮丧的；让人懊恼的
The current situation is very frustrating for us. 当前的情形令我们十分灰心。

frustration n. 挫折；失败；挫败；失意
It was a time filled with difficulties and frustration. 这是一个充满困难和挫折的时期。

7.respond
vi. (1)回复；回答；回应
Companies should respond to the customers’ demands at any time.
任何时候公司都应该对顾客的要求作出反应。

(2)应对；作出回应；作出反应
The server did not respond after being launched. 服务器启动之后没有响应。

(3)有良好反应；有积极效果
I'm pleased to say that he is now doing well and responding to treatment.
我很高兴地说，他现在恢复得不错，治疗取得了积极的效果。

response n. 反应；回答，答复；
The meeting was called in response to a request from the public.
应民众的要求召开了这次会议。

responsible adj. 尽责的；承担责任；负有责任的；懂道理的
responsibility n. 责任；职责；责任感，责任心；负责任
8.pleased, pleasant, pleasing
1)pleased指外物作用于感官, 使人感到"高兴、满意、喜欢", 常见的结构为: be pleased with, be pleased at (about), be pleased+不定式或从句。

例如:
I'm very pleased with/ at/ about your success. 我们对你的成功很高兴,满意。

I'm quite pleased that she has got such a good chance. 我很高兴她得到这么好的机会。

2)pleasant意为"(事物)令人愉快的,舒畅的,(人)非常好的,讨人喜欢的,风趣的"。

例如:
They spent a very pleasant afternoon in the hills.他们在小山上度过了愉快的下午。

Spring weather is pleasant. 春天的气候很宜人的。

He talked in a pleasant way. 他谈吐风趣。

3)pleasing指某物或某人"使他人高兴、招人喜爱"。

例如:
These flowers are very pleasing. 这些花真招人喜爱。

pleasing 的用法与pleasant 比较接近，有时可换用。

两者的细微区别是：
在说明事物时，pleasant 多指令人愉快的内在的、本质的东西，而pleasing 多指外在的、表面的东西；
说明人时，pleasant 多指某人因有使人愉快的外表或热情的气质等而具有自然吸引力，相比之下pleasing 则暗示有意识地去讨好别人或取悦别人。

9.while
n. 一会儿，一段时间
for a while一会儿; in a while片刻之后; once in a while 时不时，偶尔
Studying in another country requires a big adjustment and it takes a while to fit in.
到另一个国家求学，需要花一段时间来适应。

conj. (1)连接并列句，表示转折意思“而”
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
一些人浪费食物，而一些人吃不饱。

(2)引导时间状语从句“当……时”
While she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 她听着收音机睡着了。

(3)引导让步状语从句“虽然”
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，但是他对他们也很严格。

10.in reality实际上in fact, as a matter of fact, actually, in actuality都可以表示“实际上”
I thought Betty was in the garden, but in fact she was in her room.
我以为贝蒂在花园，其实她在自己的房间里。

I’m going there tomorrow, as a matter of fact. 说实话, 明天我要去那里.
She looks young, but she's actually 50. 她看上去年轻,可是实际上已五十岁了。

11.once
pron. 一次；一回
Listen to us, if only this once. 听我们的吧，哪怕就这么一次。

For once, dad is not complaining. 爸爸这次破天荒地没有抱怨。

adv. (1)一次；一回
Since that evening I haven't once slept through the night.
从那天晚上之后，我没有睡过一次安稳觉。

(2)（每…）一次，（每…）一回（与后接day，week，month等的a连用）
The patient was seen for follow-up visits once every three months.
这位病人每三个月接受一次随访就诊。

(3)曾经，一度
We once walked across London at two in the morning.
我们曾在凌晨两点步行穿过伦敦。

I lived there once myself, before I got married. 我结婚前曾独自在那儿住过。

conj. 一旦……就……；一经
Once inside her apartment she felt an urge to brush her teeth.
一回到自己的公寓，她就有一种想要刷牙的冲动。

at once突然,忽然；立即,马上
All at once there was someone knocking on the door. 忽然有人敲门。

I have to go; I really must, at once. 我得走了，我真的必须马上就走。

12.bring vt. –brought-brought 拿来；带来
bring的相关词组
bring in 引进，介绍，领进来，获利bring up 抚养，教育；提出，打断bring about 带来，造成
bring back 归还bring along 把……一起带来bring…to mind 想起bring…to life 苏醒
bring…to an end 结束
Why don't you bring your girl along? 你为什么不带你女儿一块儿来呢?
Bring the children back from the kindergarten at four o'clock.
下午四点把孩子们从幼儿园接回来。

He does part-time jobs that bring him in about $150 a week.
他打工每周可赚约150美元。

The old toys and comic books brought his childhood to mind.
那些旧玩具和漫画书使他想起他的童年。

The boss’s decision brought about an argument among workers.
老板的决定引起了工人之间的争吵。

13.The more…, the more…
"The more..., the more..."句型常表示"越……就越……", the用在形容词或副词的比较级前,more代表形容词或副词的比较级。

它有以下几个特征：
(1)是一个复合句, 其中前面的句子是状语从句, 后面的句子是主句；
(2)主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

例如:
The more she learns, the more she wants to learn. 她越学越想学。

The harder he worked, the more he got. 他工作越努力,得到的就越多。

(3) 若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。

例如:
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你越用功,进步就越大。

(4)前后都可以有所省略。

特别是谚语、俗语,只要意义明确,越简练越好。

例如:
The more , the better.多多益善。

The sooner, the better. 越早越好。

(5) 这种句型中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语,也可以是主语。

例如:
The higher the ground is, the thinner air becomes. 离地面越高,空气就越稀薄。

The more air there is inside the tyre, the greater pressure there is in it.
轮胎里空气越多,承受的压力就越大。

(6) 若表示"越……越不……"时,常用"the more..., the less..."句型。

例如:
The more she flatters me, the less I like her. 她越逢迎我,我越不喜欢她。

(7) 若表示"越不……就越……"时,常用"the less..., the more..."句型。

例如:
The less he worried, the better he worked. 他越不烦恼,工作就干得越好。

14.appreciate
vt. (1) 欣赏；鉴赏；赏识
In time you'll appreciate the beauty of this language.
总有一天你会体会到这门语言的优美之处。

(2) 领会；了解；认识
He never really appreciates the importance of being diligent.
她从来没有真正认识到勤奋的重要性。

(3) 感谢；感激appreciate doing sth.
Peter stood by me when I most needed it. I'll always appreciate that.
当我最需要的时候，彼得在我身边支持我。

我将永存感激。

I'd appreciate it if you wouldn't mention it. 如果你不提它，我会很感激。

vi.升值；增值
They don't have any confidence that houses will appreciate in value.
他们完全不相信房子会升值。

appreciation n欣赏；感谢；评价；（尤指土地或财产的）增值
15.presence n.
(1)出席；到场
She felt her presence seemed to have caused some trouble
她感到她的在场好像惹来了些麻烦。

(2)风度；风采；仪态
Michael Jackson's stage presence appealed to thousands of teenage rebels.
杰克逊在台上的风采吸引了成千上万的叛逆少年。

(3)存在；被包含
The presence of water means the form of life. 水的存在就意味着生命的形式。

16.whatever
（1）诸如此类
I’d like a hamburger that is with fried chicken, or roast beef, or whatever.
我想来个汉堡，炸鸡的，烤牛肉的，或者什么别的口味的。

（2）（表示勉强接受）随便你怎么说
－'We'll go in your car, Billy.' －'Whatever you say.'
—“比利，我们要坐你的车。

”—“随便。

”
（3）不管做什么，无论怎样
People will judge you whatever you do. 不论你做什么，人们都会品头论足。

还用于提出建议或警告
Whatever you do, don't upset the women. 不管你做什么，不要让女士们感到不安。

（4）任何…的事物；凡是…的东西
He's good at whatever he does. 他做事样样出色。

（5）不管什么，随便怎样，用于表示不清楚刚才所提到事物的准确特征、含义、价值等
I thought that my upbringing was 'normal', whatever that is.
我认为我的成长过程甭管怎么说还算“正常”。

（6）任何，丝毫, 用于名词词组后，强调否定陈述
I have nothing whatever to say. 我无话可说。

（7）究竟，到底, 强调询问语气
Whatever is the matter with you both? 你们俩究竟怎么回事？
17.attract v. 吸引；引起
attract one’s attention 吸引某人注意力
Maybe models could only be attracted to ordinary humans. 或许模特儿只能吸引一般人sb be attracted to (doing) sth 是指某人被吸引去做某事
The boy is attracted to stealing valuable things in the shops.
小男孩被吸引去商店偷值钱的东西。

sb be attracted by sth. 是指某人被某物吸引
The dog was attracted by the smell of the meat. 狗受到肉味的吸引。

attractive adj. 有魅力的；引人注目的；迷人的；招人喜爱的
sb./sth. be attractive to sb. 某人、某物对某人有吸引力
He was always immensely attractive to women. 他总是让女人们神魂颠倒。

attraction n. 吸引；魅力；引人注意的东西
18.opposite
adj. 相对的；对面的；对立的be opposite to 与……相反
I should have written the notes in the opposite order. 我本应按相反的顺序记笔记的。

Everything he does is opposite to what people expect.
他的一切作为都和人们所期待的大相径庭。

prep. （表示位置）在…的对面
Jennie had sat opposite her at breakfast.
珍妮吃早餐时坐在她对面。

adv. 在对面，对过
Jane came in beside May, and her husband sat opposite.
简走进来坐在梅身边，她的丈夫在对面坐下。

n.对立面，对立物，相反的人[事物]
What's the opposite of white? 与白色相对的颜色是什么？
opposition n. 反对; 对手; 对照
19.couple
n. (1) 两个；几个 a couple of
I think the trouble will clear up in a couple of days. 我想问题几天内就会解决。

(2) 夫妻；情人
The old couple have no children. 这对老夫妻没有孩子。

(3)一对人，两个人
They were an odd couple. 他们是奇怪的一对。

v. 加上；结合be coupled with
Addiction to drugs, coupled with poor diet, he is getting sicker.
磕药，加上饮食缺乏营养，他变得更加虚弱了。

20.approach
n. (1) 路径；途径；道路
The path serves as an approach to the boat house. 这条小路通往船屋。

(2) 方法；态度；手段
We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.
我们将探索收集信息的不同方法
v. (1) 靠近；接近；走近
When I approached, they grew silent. 当我走近时，他们就不说话了。

(2) 与…接洽；找…商量
He approached me to create and design the restaurant. 他请我建造并设计该饭店。

(3)探讨；处理；对待
The Bank has approached the issue in a practical way.
银行已经实际解决了这个问题。

21.have something/nothing to do with 与……有关/无关
He must have something to do with the murder.他跟这起谋杀案一定有关。

Does his visit have something to do with the meeting tomorrow?
他这次来是不是跟明天的会议有关？
I don't know him at all and I have nothing to do with him.
我根本不知道他而且我和她没什么关系。

22.be good for = do good to sb./sth. 对……有益；对……有好处
be harmful to= do harm to = be bad for 对……有害
This medicine does me a lot of good
=This medicine does a lot of good to me.
＝This medicine is good for my health. 这种药对我有好处。

【重点、难点、考点三点例题精析】
( )1. It's really ________ when everything I try to do fails.
A. frustrates
B. frustrated
C. frustrating
D. frustration
【解析】本题考查的是frustrate的形容词用法，frustrated的主语通常是人, 而frustrating修饰事物，意思是“令人沮丧的”因此答案为C。

( )2. It is an easy and cheap way for a country to _______ advanced technology from
developed countries.
A. bring
B. bring along
C. bring in
D. bring on
【解析】本题考查的是相关词组的辨析，bring along是“一起带来”，bring on是“引起，发生”，而bring in是“引进”，符合句意，因此答案为C。

( )3. ________ you are, _______ friends you will make.
A. More honest; more friends
B. The more honest; the more friends
C. Most honest; most friends
D. The most honest; the most friends
【解析】本题考查的是the more…, the more…句型，意思是“你越诚实，你交的朋友就越多”，因此答案为B。

( )4. We appreciate _______ here and giving us the speech.
A. coming to
B. you coming
C. you to come
D. to coming
【解析】本题考查的是appreciate的用法，appreciate doing sth. 中间可以插入人称代词的宾格或形容词性物主代词,强调行使该动作的对象，因此答案为B。

( )5. He pretended as though he _________ the case.
A. has nothing with
B. have nothing to do with
C. had nothing with
D. had nothing to do with
【解析】本题考查的是“与……无关”的词组，句意是“他假装跟此事毫无关系”。

因此答案为D。