Unit 7 Culture 习题与解答

Unit 7 Culture
Exercise I Vocabulary and Structure
Section A
Directions: Choose the best word to complete each of the following senten ces
1。

He left the spot immediately，afraid of being ________ in the car acc ident。

D
A. connected
B. taken
C. seated
D. involved
2. As the dictionary says，“graciousness” ________ means being polite, ki nd and generous。

A
A。

literallyB。

gracefullyC。

exactlyD. constantly
3。

He insisted that she ________ improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice.D
A. could
B. would
C. mightD。

should
4. We don't believe that those special kinds of leaves are _______. B
A. actualB。

edibleC。

ridiculousD. comprehensive
5. She was scared to ________ her father's wishes。

C
A。

go aboutB. go throughC. go againstD。

go on
6。

Many a parent ________ to go through this same painful process.B A. haveB。

hasC。

are havingD. is having
7。

________ the war finally came to an end.（直到1972年,战争才结束)A A。

It was not until 1972 thatB. No sooner it was 1972 than
C。

Hardly it was 1972 thatD. Scarcely it was 1972 when
A。

likelyB。

as wellC. likewiseD. alike
Section B
Directions： Complete the following sentences with the proper form of the words given in the brackets。

26. He couldn't hide his ______________ （embarrass) at his child’s rudene ss。

embarrassment
27。

It is _______________ (custom）for customers to tip the servers whe n going out to restaurants，bars and coffee shops in America。

customary 28。

If the painting is an ___________ (origin）, it will be very valuable, but I think it may be a fake。

original
29. Let us be kind and _____________ (thought）and not be unkind and h urt other people.thoughtful
30。

We take this opportunity of expressing our sincere _____________ （a ppreciate）of your help.appreciation
31. Despite his achievements，he retains an endearing sense of __________ __ （grace) and humility.graciousness
32。

The company put forward a ___________ (propose）for a joint proje ct.proposal
33。

His answer to my question has only added to my ______________ (c onfuse）。

confusion
34。

All disputes in connection with this contract should be settled through friendly _____ (negotiate).negotiation
35. He has many good qualities-—- generosity, diligence, ______ (modest),
simplicity, and so forth.modesty
ExerciseII Reading Comprehension
Directions：This passage is followed by some questions or unfinished state
ments. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B，C and D。

You should decide on the best choice and fill in the corresponding letters i n the boxes after each question。

Passage One
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
What impact can mobile phones have on their users’ health? Many people worry about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation from handsets and ba se stations, despite the lack of credible evidence of any harm. But evidence for the beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is rather more abund ant。

Indeed，a systematic review carried out by Rifat Atun and his colleag
ues at Imperial College，London，rounds up 150 examples of the use of t
ext—messaging in the delivery of health care。

These users fall into three c ategories: efficiency gains; public-health gains; and direct benefits to patients by incorporating text—messaging into treatment regimes。

The study，fund ed by Vodafone, the world's largest mobile operator，was published this we ek。

Using texting to boost efficiency is not rocket science, but big savings can be achieved. Several trials carried out in England have found that the use o f text—messaging reminders reduces the number of missed appointments wit h family doctors by 26%-39%，for example，and the number of missed h
ospital appointments by 33%-50％. If such schemes were rolled out nationall
y，this would translate into annual savings of 256 million to 364 million p ounds.
Text message are also being used to remind patients about blood tests，clin ics, scans and dental appointments. Similar schemes in America, Norway and Sweden have had equally satisfying results—though the use of text—messa
ge reminders in the Netherlands, where non—attendance rates are low, at 4％, had no effect other than to annoy patients。

Text message can also be a good way to disseminate（广泛传播) public—he alth information, particularly to groups who are hard to reach by other mea ns, such as teenagers, or in developing countries where other means of com munication are unavailable. Text messages have been used in India to infor m people about the World Health Organization’s strategy to control tubercul
osis, for example, and in Kenya，Nigeria and Mali to provide information
about HIV and malaria。

In Iraq，text messages were used to support a c
ampaign to vaccinate nearly 5 million children against polio(小儿麻痹症）. Finally，there are the uses of text—messaging as part of a treatment regim e。

These involve sending reminders to patients to take their medicine at th e right time, or to encourage compliance(遵守）with exercise regimes or ef forts to stop smoking。

The evidence for the effectiveness of such schemes is generally anecdotal，however, notes Dr。

Rifat. More quantitative researc h is needed—which is why his team published three papers this week looki ng at the use of mobile phones in health care in more detail。

One of thes e papers，written in conjunction with Victoria Franklin and Stephen Greene of the University of Dundee，in Scotland，reports the results of a trial in which diabetic teenagers’ treatment was backed up with text-messaging.
36。

We can infer from the study by Rifat Atun and his colleagues that___ _.C
A。

mobile phones have profound ill effects on people’s health
B。

the relation between mobile phones and health is not proved
C. evidence for the beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is abund
ant
D。

Vodafone is the world’s largest mobile operator
37。

What do the experiments implemented in England indicate?A
A. Text—messaging is useful in reminding doctors of their appointments with patients。

B. Using texting to boost efficiency is very popular in hospitals.
C。

Text—messaging has helped to save much money for the hospital。

D. Text-messaging plays an important role in treating patients with acute d iseases.
38. Wh at does the author imply by saying “… though the use of text—mes sage reminders…，had no effect other than to annoy patients" （Lines 3—4，Para.3）？D
A. Text—messaging is not suitable to remind patients in the Netherlands。

B. Text-messaging is very effective in treating patients in the Netherlands.
C. The use of text—message reminders in the Netherlands does not annoy patients。

D. The use of text-message reminders in the Netherlands was not satisfact ory。

39. What does the author intend to say by the examples of the countries in the fourth paragraph？A
A。

Text messages may help to spread information about public health。

B. Text messages are easily available in countries like India and Kenya.
C. These countries are suffering from terrible infectious disease。

D. The technology of sending text messages is advanced in these countrie s。

40. Text-messaging is used as part of doctors’ treatment by____.B
A. carrying out more quantitative research
B。

sending messages to remind patients
C. publishing at least three papers
D。

observing the effects of mobile phones
Passage Two
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that men are divided into thre e classes：gold, silver and bronze. Vilfredo Pareto, an Italian economist，a rgued that “the vital few” account for most progress。

In the private sector （私营部门）, best companies struggle relentlessly（无情地） to find and ke ep the vital（必不可少的，维持生命所需的）few。

They offer them fat pa y packets（大笔款项），extra training, powerful mentors（指导） and more challenging assignments（任务).
As the economy begins to recover，companies are trying harder to nurture （培育，培养）raw talent（人才），or to poach（偷猎，盗用） it from th eir rivals。

Private-equity firms rely heavily on a few stars. High-tech firms, for all their egalitarianism（平等主义), are ruthless(残酷的）about recruiting(吸收，添加，招募）the brightest. Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find young high-flyers（成功人士,高材生) to cope with rapid growth and fa st—changing environments。

Bill Conaty and Ram Char an’s recent book The Talent Masters provides a ni ce mix of portraits（描述,描绘）of well—known talent factories along with s ketches（概述，描述）of more recent converts（转换）to the cause. “Tal
ent masters” are proud of their elitism（精英主义）. GE divides its employe es into three groups based on their promise. Hibdustan Unilever compiles（编辑，收集）a list of people who show innate（固有的，天生的）leadership qualities。

“Talent masters" all seem to agree on the importance of two thi ngs: measurement and differentiation(分化）. The best companies routinely s ubject employees to various “reviews" and “assessments（评估）”. But when
it comes to high—flyers they make more effort to build up a three—dimen sional（三维的，立体的）pictures of their personalities and to provide lots
of feedback.
A powerful motivator is single out high-flyers for special training. GE spen ds ＄1 billion a year on it。

Novartis sends high-flyers to regular off-site training sessions（学期，会期)。

Many companies also embrace（拥抱，接受) on—job training，speaking of “stretch” assignment or “baptism s by fir e”。

The most coveted（令人垂涎的）are foreign postings：these can help young managers understand what it is like to run an entire company with a
wide range of problems.
Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with “tal ent develop ment”。

Bosses of P&G spent 40% of their time on personnel。

Intel obliged senior managers to spend at least a week in a year teaching hi gh—flyers。

Involving the company’s top brass（高级职员）in the process prevents lower-level managers from monopolizing（垄断，独占） high-flyers and creates dialogues（对话，交流） between established and future leaders。

Successful companies also integrate talent development with their broader s trategy to ensure that companies are more than the sum of their parts. P＆G likes its managers to be both innovative(革新的,创新的）and worldly(精于
世俗的）。

Goodyear replaced 23 of its 24 senior managers in two years a s it shifted its target—consumers from carmakers to motorists。

Meanwhile，in their rush to classify people, companies can miss potential s tars。

Those who are singled out for special treatment can become too full of themselves. But the first problem can be fixed by flexibility: people who are average in one job can become stars in another。

And people who bec ome too smug（沾沾自喜的,自鸣得意的） can be discarded（丢弃）.
41. The author mentions the needs for talent of different firms in the secon
d paragraph to show that____.A
A. the need for talent is universal
B。

there is a cut—throat competition among them
C. the economy is more prosperous than before
D。

the need for talent is confined(限制）to high—tech firms
42. What does the new book The Talent Masters chiefly depict（描述）?B A。

How the well-known talent factories classify their staff.
B. How the talent factories and recent converts to the cause are like.
C. How to identify and recruit talent.
D。

How to keep and foster（培养）elite（精英) employees。

43. The best companies usually cultivate（培养）their high—flyers by____。

D
A。

checking and evaluating them frequently
B. compelling the senior managers to instruct the high—flyers
C. moving them into the positions that display their strengths
D。

providing them with training or special mentoring classes。