2020年房山中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案

2020年房山中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Three Things to Do Before You Are 18
Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are 18.
★Learn to swim
Seriously, this is so important that it can save your life. If you can’t swim well, you won’t be able to dowater sports like waterskiing, surfing and diving. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you. Make sure you do it.
★Try at least one kind of team sports
Being a good team player is an important skill in life. You can’t just think of yourself, but have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports like basketball, football and baseball are that they keep you fit and healthy, and they are also great fun. Teams usually have a good social life too—you’ll go to lots of parties and make many friends.
★Collect something
One of the best hobbies for under-18s is collecting things. You could collect kinds of stamps, or you could collect things that make you remember what you have done, like cinema tickets for films you have seen or letters from friends. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won’t forget.
1. The most important reason for learning to swim is that ________.
A. you might feel well
B. it can make you healthy
C. you might easily do lots of things
D. it can save your life
2. The writer tells us that one of the best hobbies is to ________ .
A. collect something
B. do some water sports
C. send letters to your friends
D. play basketball with your friends
23. The passage is mainly about ________before you are 18.
A. good habits to keep
B. skills to have
C. things to do
D. sports to play
B
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost 50% of its corals (珊瑚) within 30 years, with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance, a new study has found.
Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, inQueensland, northeasternAustralia, studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017, finding all coral populations disappear gradually, they said.
Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems — without them, ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.
Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species, experts found, but branching and table-shaped corals — which provide habitats for fish — were worst affected by mass bleaching (漂白) events in 2016.
Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching. Bleaching doesn’t kill coral immediately, but if temperatures remain high, eventually the coral will die, destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.
“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size — but in fact our results show that even the world’s largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,” Terry Hughes, an outstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said.
“There is no time to lose — we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,” the reporter warned in the paper, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.
4. What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?
A. Destroyed habitats.
B. Climate change.
C. Lack of seafood.
D. Bleaching events.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Many species has been dying out slowly.
B. The size of reefs contributes to their protection.
C. Ocean ecosystems don’t develop without reefs.
D. Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.
6. What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?
A. Worried.
B. Angry.
C. Hopeful.
D. Surprised.
7. What is probably the best title for the passage?
A. Climate change damages theGreat Barrier Reef
B. The Species of ocean Life Are In Danger
C. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get Worse
D. Sea Ecosystems Are In Decline
C
When Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.
Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.
But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.
Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.
For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”
8. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?
A. The littering of e-waste.
B. The recycling of plastic.
C. The change of environment.
D. At 11 p.m. on Monday.
9. What did Alex do to start the project?
A. Set up WIN.
B. Collect information.
C. Ask friends for help.
D. The overuse of old computer.
10. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?
A. Traditional.
B. Competitive.
C. Scientific.
D. Convenient.
11. What message does the story convey?
A. There is no end to perfection.
B. success comes through failure.
C. Every positive attitude has a reward.
D. young people can make a big difference.
D
Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn andeven reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.
One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.
A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.
Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an averageof less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.
In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.
While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to increasing findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.
12. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.
A. have had computers in their bedrooms
B. not be interested in math
C. be unable to go to college
D. have watched a lot of TV
13. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?
A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.
B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.
C. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.
D. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.
14. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.
B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.
C. More time should be spent on computers.
D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done
15. What would be the best title for this text?
A. Computers or Television
B. Effects of Television on Children
C. Studies on TV and College Education
D. Television and Children's Learning Habits
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to Be Happy
___16___Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems — that does not depend upon finding ease or comfort. A sense of happiness is good for your health, so what can we do to have that?
Change your thoughts.
People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones.___17___You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun. For example, occupy your mind with positive thoughts by practicing meditation (冥想).
Develop optimism.
___18___It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you. For example, a pessimistic person might say, “I’m terrible at math. I’m going to fail that test tomorrow. I might as well just watch TV. ”However, an optimistic person would say something like “I’m concerned about doing well on that test tomorrow, but I’m going to study as well as I can and do my best.” Optimism doesn’t deny the reality of challenges, but it interprets how you approach them differently.
Practice active gratefulness.
A lot of researches confirm that being grateful is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you
become more positive, strengthens your relationships with others, and encourages sympathy.___19___ Determine your core values.
Your core values determine how you think about yourself, your life, and the world around you. These beliefs guide your decision-making. They may be spiritual, or they may not, but they’re the things that are fundamental to how you look at life.
___20___
Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them.
A. Contact a hotline.
B. Visualize your “best possible self.”
C. Look for the positive in all your experiences.
D. Optimism is more than just positive expectations.
E. Happiness isn’t a simple goal, but is about making progress.
F. It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness.
G. However, you can actually change the way your brain functions.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Some of the greatest problems we face today are concerned with the gradual destruction of our environment. Brown clouds; wildlife___21___; polluted water. These___22___all seem so huge. So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to___23___.
But does it do any good?
I recently learned something about flamingos (火烈鸟). These beautiful birds gather in ___24___groups of athousand or more. Every year, when the time___25___for migration, a few flamingos start the process by taking off from the lake. But___26___of the others seem to notice, so the tiny group returns.
However, the next day they___27___again. This time a few more struggle along with them, but the vast majority still___28___no attention, so these pioneers come back.
The___29___continues for several more days. Every time a few more birds join in but,___30___the thousands of others still take no___31___, the great migration plan is once again___32___.
Then one day something___33___. The same small group of birds takes wing and a tiny number more join in, just as before. And this time their total number, though still quite___34___, is enough to tip the balance. As one,
the whole group takes flight and the migration___35___. What a___36___sight it must be – thousands of flamingos taking to the sky at once!
A few can make a___37___. It’s true that all of the great problems of the world have been solved because of the___38___efforts of a few.
If you believe in a cause (事业), don’t___39___! Others will someday take notice and together we will___40___even our greatest problems.
21. A. protection B. extinction C. migration D. separation
22. A. questions B. costs C. examples D. problems
23. A. drive B. run C. cycle D. stand
24. A. tiny B. different C. huge D. similar
25. A. comes B. passes C. varies D. moves
26. A. all B. any C. none D. most
27. A. gather B. try C. sing D. appear
28. A. attract B. require C. escape D. pay
29. A. plan B. trend C. activity D. movement
30. A. since B. though C. unless D. while
31. A. responsibility B. notice C. chance D. measure
32. A. put off B. cut off C. carried out D. worked out
33. A. approaches B. works C. changes D. disappears
34. A. significant B. reasonable C. adequate D. small
35. A. continues B. delays C. finishes D. begins
36. A. familiar B. strange C. magnificent D. unrealistic
37. A. point B. decision C. difference D. mistake
38. A. useless B. tireless C. extra D. special
39. A. give up B. give in C. give away D. give out
40. A. identify B. understand C. predict D. solve
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Cheung Chau, a tiny territory___41.___(shape) like a dumbbell inHong Kong, is famous for the Cheung Chau Bun Festival. It usually falls in April or May.
Though Cheung Chau is___42.___quiet fishing village, thousands of people visit it during festival time. They come___43.___(celebrate) and to eat the island's famous buns, which are all stamped in red___44.___the Chinese character that means “peace”.
The real highlight of the festival, the Bun Scrambling Competition(抢包山), happens at the stroke of midnight. Several contestants climb up the towers___45.___are built in the center of the island and are covered with plastic buns as fast as possible and throw as many buns as they can over their___46.___(shoulder).” This is one of the biggest___47.___(tradition) celebrations inHong Kong,” says Mason Hung, a Hong Kong Tourism Board senior manager. "It has been so well preserved. "However, the contest paused from 1978 to 2005, because one of the towers___48.___(fall) down. Now there are new rules: the structures need to be made of steel instead of bamboo. And only twelve carefully___49.___(choose)participants can join in. They should____50.____(train) in the basics of safe climbing though.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（★），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The traffic problem in our city has caused wide concern. To solve this problem, the experts had held a meeting recently and had a fully discussion on the matter. They point out that the number of private cars are increasing these years. So they suggest that government should call on people use public transportation. Another problem what deserves our serious consideration is that too many cars from other city park along the roadside. To avoid so inconvenience, these cars should not be admitted into a city center in the daytime. Transportation is important for the development of your city, which cannot be stressed on too much.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.
假设你是学生李华，你校正在为下学期开设的选修课程征求学生意见.请你向学课程部老师写一封email，提出你的课程建议。

你的email中必须包括：
1.课程名称
2.课程的主要内容
3.设置该课程的理由
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
16. E 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32.
A 33. C 34. D 35. D 36. C 37. C 38.
B 39. A 40. D
41. shaped
42. a 43. to celebrate
44. with 45. which##that
46. shoulders
47. traditional
48. fell 49. chosen
50. be trained
51.(1).had→have
(2).fully→full
(3).are→is
(4).people后添加to
(5).what→that/which
(6).city→cities
(7).so→such
(8).a→the
(9).your→our
(10).去掉on
52.略。