(课标版)云南省中考英语总复习 第一部分 基础知识梳理 课时11 八下7试题-人教版初中九年级全册英

第一部分基础知识梳理
课时11 八7
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2017某某)Seeing a bird resting by the window, the boy moved ________ to have a look at it.
A. politely
B. quietly
C. easily
D. safely
2. (2017某某官渡区二模)—I really hope to get into a good high school. What can I do?
—You should make an ________ to improve your grades.
A. effort
B. decision
C. example
D. difference
3. My mother spent much time preparing these ________ and they tasted very delicious.
A. spoons
B. pieces
C. dishes
D. bowls
4. For teenagers, it's more important to ________their interest in studies than get good grades.
A. develop
B. mention
C. collect
D. discuss
5. —The Chinese Poetry Conference(《中国诗词大会》) on CCTV is a great ________.
—You are right. More and more people begin to enjoy the beauty of poems.
A. project
B. success
C. chance
D. experiment
6. I think the movie Dangal is worth ________. I have seen it three times.
A. watching
B. watch
C. to watch
D. watched
7. —Why do people usually order a bowl of ________ on their birthdays?
—Because they are a symbol of long life.
A. eggs
B. cakes
C. noodles
D. cookies
8. You'd better ________the meat first before you make dumplings.
A. take up
B. clean up
C. give up
D. cut up
9. The ________of education is teaching a man fishing rather than giving him
fish.
A. purpose
B. advantage
C. pleasure
D. success
10. Sometimes life isn't as perfect as we ________. We should accept disappointment in our life, and never lose heart.
A. imagine
B. finish
C. mind
D. know
11. Before ordering dishes in a restaurant, the waiters usually pass you a________.
A. menu
B. guest
C. bill
D. food
12. —What do you think of your job now?
—I've never ________ making the decision because the job is worth all my efforts.
A. regretted
B. refused
C. returned
D. realized
Ⅱ. 完形填空(2017某某昭阳区二模)
A daughter plained to her father about her life and how things were hard for her. She did not know __1__ to make it and wanted to give up.
Her father，a cook, __2__ her to the kitchen.He filled three pots(锅) __3__ water and put each on a high fire.In the first pot he placed carrots，in the second one, he put eggs，and in the last one, he placed coffee beans. He let them boil, __4__ saying a word.
The daughter had no idea what he was trying to do. Twenty __5__ later，he turned off the fire, took the carrots out and put them in a bowl, the eggs on a plate，and the coffee in a glass.He asked his daughter，“Darling，what do you __6__ ？”
“Carrots，eggs，and coffee，”she replied.
He brought her __7__ and asked her to feel the carrots. She did and noticed that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After peeling off the shell, she observed the hard－boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to drink a little of the coffee. The daughter __8__ the taste of coffee and smiled.
She asked，“What does it mean, Father？”
He explained that __9__ of them had faced the same adversity(逆境)——boiling water. However, they had different results.The carrots went in strong and hard. But after going through boiling water, it became soft and weak. The inside of the egg became hard in the boiling water. The coffee beans turned the water into tasty coffee.
“Which are you？”he asked his daughter. When adversity knocks on your door，which one will you choose to be？A carrot，an egg or a coffee bean？It all __10__ you!
1. A. what B. how C. where D. which
2. A. take B. takes C. took D. taking
3. A. with B. in C. of D. for
4. A. with B. without C. at D. after
5. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. months
6. A. read B. watch C. look D. see
7. A. higher B. faster C. closer D. longer
8. A. forgot B. remembered
C. hated
D. enjoyed
9. A. neither B. both C. each D. none
10. A. depends on B. insists on
C. puts on
D. takes up
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
We buy all kinds of foods from the market. We have food every day. Do you ever think about how these foods e to our tables?
Food scientists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook. Some food scientists pay attention to the taste and “mouth feel” of foods. They found that high－fat foods usually had a very good mouth feel. It is not healthful to eat too many high－fat foods. So food scientists try to develop low－fat foods that have the same mouth feel. Other food scientists pay attention to nutrition(营养). They may study adding
vitamins(维生素) and minerals(矿物质) to many kinds of breads. This can help people avoid some health problems. Adding vitamin D to fruit juice helps kids get enough vitamin D. Without them, a person's bones are not hard enough to support the person's weight.
Food scientists study at least four years of food science in college. They work in the food processing industry. Some work in universities. Some work in the government.
1. Food scientists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook.
2. Food scientists found that low－fat foods usually had a very good mouth feel.
3. Food scientists always add vitamins and minerals to foods to make people healthier.
4. A person's bones are not hard enough to support the person's weight if he doesn't have enough vitamins.
5. Food scientists study food science at least four years in college and then
work in the government.
B
It's said that in some parts of the world, people are facing the problem of hunger. ____1____Here are some tips about how to save food in daily life：Cook from the fridge
Start with the fresh food. ____2____ Make a meal with what you have got instead of running out to the supermarket for something else. You'll probably save more time by using what's on hand.
Learn to read the labels (标签)
“Best－before” and “use－by” dates are more important. ____3____ For example, black bananas are proper for baking, fresh vegetables are good in soups, bread that is not fresh can be turned into small pieces.
Use the freezer (冷冻室)
The freezer can keep food fresh until you are ready to cook it, then store the cooked food until you're ready to eat it. ____4____ Mark the date of the food nearby,
so it's easy to find the food you need to eat first and will never leave it there for too long.
Shop with a list
5____ Doing this helps reduce food waste because it's possible to buy too much of a certain food and then forget to eat or cook it later.
来源于17教育网
A. Plan meals ahead of time so that you know exactly what to buy.
B. If you have some in the fridge, use the food first.
C. It's also the best place for the remaining food.
D. So we should do something to help them.
E. It is important to make a plan to cook food.
F. It is hard to keep food fresh in summer.
G. Learn to know the different periods of food and know what foods are good for.
Ⅳ. 书面表达(2017某某改编)
提示：“民以食为天”，饮食的安全和健康受到越来越多的关注和重视。

请你以“Say No to Junk Food”为题，根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。

要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规X、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；
2．文中不得使用真实某某、校名，否则以零分计。

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答案
Ⅰ.1. B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。

句意为：男孩看见一只小鸟在窗户旁边休息，
他________移过去看了一眼。

politely礼貌地；quietly轻轻地；easily容易地；safely 安全地。

联系前半句可知此处指“轻轻地移过去”，故选B。

2. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为“我真的希望进入一所好的高中。

我该怎么办？”“你应该做出________提高你的成绩。

”根据句意可知此处指做出努力提高成绩，故选A。

3. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为：我妈妈花了很长时间准备这些________，它们尝起来很美味。

spoons勺子；pieces片；dishes饭菜；bowls碗。

根据句意可知此处指饭菜，故选C。

4. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

句意为：对青少年来说，________他们在学习上的兴趣比得到高分更重要。

develop 发展，培养； mention提及；collect收集；discuss 讨论。

根据句意可知，应该是培养兴趣。

故选A。

5. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为“中央电视台的中国诗词大会是一个巨大的________。

”“你说得对。

越来越多的人开始享受诗歌的魅力。

”proj ect 项目；success 成功；chance机会；experiment 实验。

根据句意可知，此处表示中国诗词大会是一个成功。

故选B。

6. A 【解析】考查动词固定用法。

句意为：我认为《摔跤吧，爸爸》这部电影很值得看，我已经看了三遍了。

“be worth doing sth.值得做某事”为固定用法，故选A。

7. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为“在过生日时，人们为什么从来不把________切断？”“因为它们是长寿的象征。

”eggs鸡蛋；cakes蛋糕；noodles面条；cookies饼干。

根据常识可知，过生日时吃的长面条象征长寿。

故选C。

8. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

句意为：在你包饺子之前你最好先把肉________。

take up 从事；clean up 清理；give up 放弃；cut up切碎。

根据句意可知，包饺子前应该先把肉切碎。

故选D。

9. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为：教育的________不是授之以鱼，而是授之以渔。

purpose目的；advantage优势；pleasure乐趣；success成功。

根据语境可知，这里指的是教育的目的，故选A。

10. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

句意为：有时候生活不如我们________的那样完美。

我们应该接受我们生活中的失望，并且永远不要丧失信心。

imagine想象；finish 完成；mind介意；know知道，懂得。

根据句意可知此处是指生活并不如我们想象的那样完美。

故选A。

11. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为：在餐馆点菜之前，服务生通常递给你一个________。

menu菜单；guest顾客；bill账单；food食物。

根据句意可知此处指菜单，故选A。

12. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

句意为“你认为你现在的工作怎样？”“我从未________所做的决定，因为这份工作值得我付出所有努力。

”regretted后悔；refused 拒绝；returned回到；realized意识到。

结合句意可知我从未后悔做决定，故选A。

Ⅱ.【主旨大意】本文是一篇哲理故事。

讲述了一个女孩的父亲把她带到了厨房，在三个锅里分别放了胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆并把它们烧开，然后让女孩观察。

父亲以此启发她在人生处于逆境的时候应该怎么做的故事。

1. B 【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。

句意为：不知该________挺过去，她想放弃。

what什么；how怎样；where在哪里；which哪个。

分析句子结构，“to make it”意为“成功做到”，这个短语不缺宾语，因此应该使用做状语的连词，排除选项A。

再结合句意，“how”填在这里符合语境，指她如何成功做成某事。

故选B。

2. C 【解析】考查一般过去时的用法。

句意为：她的父亲是个厨师，他把她带到了厨房。

分析句子结构，此处缺少一个谓语动词，排除选项D。

从下句“He filled three
pots(锅) __3__ water and put each on a high fire.”可知，这里讲述的是过去的故事，因此空格处的谓语动词应该使用过去时，排除选项A和B。

故选C。

3. A 【解析】考查介词词义辨析及固定搭配。

句意为：他在三个锅里分别装满了水，加大火烧。

with和，跟；in在……里面；of……的；for为，给。

“fill...with...”是一个固定短语，意为“用……装满……”。

因此“with”符合语境。

故选A。

4. B 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。

句意为：他________一句话，(由着水)把它们煮沸。

with和，跟，带有；without没有；at在；after在……以后。

从“He let them boil”可知，父亲当时并没有给女儿解释什么。

因此，“without”符合语境。

故选B。

5. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意为：二十________后，父亲关掉了火，把胡萝卜捞出来，放到一个碗里，又把鸡蛋放进一个碟子里，接着把咖啡倒在一个杯子里。

minutes分钟；hours小时；seconds秒；months月。

从常识判断，水要烧开需要15分钟到20分钟左右。

因此“minutes”用在这里符合语境。

故选A。

6. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

句意为：他问他女儿，“亲爱的，你________了什么？”read读；watch观看，注视；look看；see看到，看见(强调看到的结果)。

联系上文，父亲把三样东西放在水里煮完之后捞出来，这里应询问女儿看到的是什么结果。

因
此，强调结果的动词“see”符合语境。

故选D。

7. C 【解析】考查形容词比较级辨析。

句意为：父亲使她离得________，要她去摸摸胡萝卜。

higher更高；faster更快；closer更亲密，更近；longer更长。

由feel可知是应该让她再近一些去摸胡萝卜。

因此“closer”符合语境。

故选C。

8. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

句意为：女儿________咖啡的味道，笑了。

forgot 忘记；remembered记住；hated讨厌；enjoyed欣赏，喜欢。

从“and smiled”可知，女儿非常喜欢咖啡的味道。

因此“enjoyed”填在这里符合语境。

故选D。

9. C 【解析】考查不定代词词义辨析。

句意为：他解释说，这三样东西________面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水。

neither二者都不；both二者都；each每个；none没有一个。

联系上文，三样东西每样都被放到水里煮，数量上是三个且表示肯定的含义。

因此“each”符合语境。

故选C。

10. A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

句意为：这所有的都______你！depends on取决于，依靠；insists on坚持；puts on穿上；takes up开始。

联系上文可知父亲询问女儿到底想成为哪一类人，取决于她自己。

所以“depends on”符合语境。

故选A。

Ⅲ.A
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了食品科学家通过怎样的努力，使食品更健康、更安全、更好吃、更容易做，同时还在食物里添加维生素和矿物质，来帮助人们预防疾病。

这些食品科学家都在大学里进行过四年严格的培训。

1. T 【解析】细节理解题。

句意为：食品科学家利用物理、化学和生物的科学方法来使食品健康、安全、好吃、容易做。

根据第二段的第一句“Food scientists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook.”可知此句正确。

2. F 【解析】细节理解题。

句意为：食品科学家发现低脂肪的食物通常有非常好的口感。

根据第二段的第三句“They found that high－fat foods usually had a very good mouth feel.”可知是高脂肪的食物通常有非常好的口感，所以此句错误。

3. T 【解析】细节理解题。

句意为：食品科学家总是向食物里加维生素和矿物质来使人们更健康。

根据第二段的第七、八句“They may study adding vitamins(维生素) and minerals(矿物质) to many kinds of breads. This can help people avoid some health problems.”可知食品科学家向食物里加维生素和矿物质的目的是帮助人们避免健康问题。

所以此句正确。

4. T 【解析】细节理解题。

句意为：如果一个人没有足够的维生素，他的骨骼就不够结实来支撑他的体重。

根据第二段的最后一句“Without them, a person's bones are not hard e nough to support the person's weight.”可知此句正确。

5. F 【解析】细节理解题。

句意为：食品科学家至少在大学里研究食品科学四年，然后在政府里工作。

根据最后一段的内容“ They work in the food processing industry. Some work in universities. Some work in the government.”可知，食品科学家在大学里研究食品科学后，不一定都在政府里工作。

所以此句错误。

B
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了怎么在日常生活中节约食物。

1. D 【解析】根据空前“...people are facing the problem of hunger. ”及所给选项可知，此处表示的是我们应该做些事情，D项最符合语境。

2. B 【解析】根据空前“Start with the fresh food.”及本段标题可知此处指要使用冰箱里面的食物。

B项最符合语境。

3. G 【解析】根据空后例子可知是讲如何利用好不同食物的方法。

G项最符合语境。

4. C 【解析】根据此段标题可知是介绍冷冻室的用处。

C项最符合语境。

5. A 【解析】根据此段标题及空后解释可知是讲述如何合理计划好餐饭及节约食物。

A项最符合语境。

Ⅳ.【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息：
1. 本文介绍垃圾食品并提出建议，因此文体为说明文，人称以第一人称为主；
2. 文章要包含垃圾食品对健康有害及选择健康的生活方式两方面内容；
3. 文章描述的是一种现象及提出建议，故需用一般现在时；
4. 词数不少于60个，不可出现真实的某某、校名。

【写作指导】
【高分X文】
Say No to Junk Food
Nowadays, more and more attention has been paid to food safety and health. As far as I am concerned, we should say no to junk food.
There is no doubt that junk food is made delicious and attractive, but it surely does harm to our body. Meanwhile, the over packaging necessarily leads to more rubbish.
To get away from junk food, we should focus on how to keep a healthy lifestyle. First, eat regularly, three meals a day on time. Try as few snacks or fast food as possible. Second, take more fruits and vegetables which can provide the nutrition we need. What's more, do more outdoor activities, as long as you are
busy with something interesting, you will more probably get away from junk food.
In a word, a healthy diet with less junk food can help make us stronger and stronger.。