英语:主谓一致(新人教版)

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归 纳 总结 规则10:主语为集合名词时,如果表示一个整体,谓语动
词用单数;如果指其中的个体,谓语动词用复数。这类
集体名词常见的有:army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff, team等,其中 cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式,如:(11)。
谓语则用复数,具体指其中的多少人,复数意义,
பைடு நூலகம்
如:(7)。the average of …“……的平均数量”,作
主语时,谓语用单数。
归 纳 总结
规则7:主语后接介词with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as, in, of 等短语时,谓语动 词的数要和这些短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致, 如:(8)。 规则8:“the +adj.”结构指人时,谓语动词用复数; 如果表示抽象的概念,谓语动词用单数,如:(9)。 规则9:分数、百分数,all, some, the rest, half of, most of, part of 等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根 据其指代的含义确定,如:(10)。
主谓一致的考查在高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。 1.主要考查的知识点: (1)主语为不可数名词、不定代词、表示单一概念的
动名词、不定式或句子等时,其谓语动词的数。
(2)every / each / no 修饰名词作主语,及and连接的
两个有every /each/no修饰的名词作主语时,或more
归 纳 总结
规则6:a number of +复数名词,“许多……”,复
数意义;the number of +复数名词,“……的数
目”,单数意义。the population of…“……的人口
数量”作主语时,谓语用单数,但如果是分数/百
分数/half of/the rest of+the population 作主语时,
再判断该选用哪一个。
(2010· )Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have
思路点拨:分析题干句主语为动名词,那么谓语动 词该用单数。比较四个选项,A、C选项为单数, 而根据主语与caused的主动关系,排除A项,从而 可判断选C项。
熟 读 深思 (6)Two series of new stamps ___________________(order). have been ordered
is (7) The population of China ____(be) large and about eighty
percent of the population _____(be) farmers. are goes (8) Mr. Green together with his children_______(go) to the park every Sunday.
than one +名词以及many a +单数名词作主语时,
谓语动词的数。
复习重点: (1)意义一致的情况 (2)(语法)形式一致的情况 (3)就近原则的情况 2.如何应对主谓一致的考查
主谓一致的考查主要是根据主语部分来确定谓语动词的
数,往往与时态一起考。解题时,首先认清主语部分,
结合4个选项,比较每个选项的动词的时态及单复数,
熟 读 深思
1. 意义一致原则 只要确定句子的主语是单数意义,则谓语用单数;句 子的主语是复数意义,则谓语用复数。 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空 is (1) Physics________(be) not easy to understand. (2) When and where to go for the onsalary holiday has not been decided ____________________________(not decide) yet. (3) Nothing _______(be) impossible. is (4) Ten pounds ________(be) missing from the box. was (5) This pair of glasses _____________(buy) by my uncle. was bought
a great deal but achieved so much. are wasted (16) Every day quantities of water ___________(wasted).
归 纳 总结
规则1:不可数名词作主语,一律视为单数。以s结尾
的国名、地名、机构名,书名,如:the United States, the United Nations等作主语,视为单数;有 些不可数名词如:news, maths, physics 虽然以s结 尾,但不是复数,如:(1)。 规则2:表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主 语时,谓语动词用单数。“one, either, neither, each of +复数名词或代词”作主语时, 谓语用单数, 如:(2)。
归 纳 总结 规则1:every /each/no 修饰名词,以及and连接的两个 有every /each/no修饰的名词作主语时,谓语用单数 形式,如:(1)、(2)。复数主语与each连用时,应不 受each的影响,谓语动词仍用复数形式。 规则2:“one +单数名词and a half”作主语时,谓语 动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式,如:(3)、 (4)。 规则3:“more than one +名词”作主语时,谓语动 词用单数形式,如:(5)。 规则4:“many a +单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词 用单数,如:(6)。
该看做是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数,如:(12)、
bread and butter 黄油面包
归 纳 总结
a watch and chain 一块带链的表 a knife and fork刀叉 a coat and tie配有领带的上衣 aim and end 目的 truth and honesty 真诚 规则12:what 引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词 的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数,如:(14)。 规则13:such 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要 根据其意义而定,如:(15)。 规则14: quantities of +名词作主语时,不论名词是复 数还是不可数,谓语一律用复数,如:(16)。
归 纳 总结
规 则 3 : something, everything, anything, nothing ,
somebody, nobody, no one 等不定代词作主语,谓语 通常是单数,如:(3)。 规则4:表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数 名词作主语,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数, 如:(4)。 规则5:a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a pair of 等量 词修饰名词,通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语 的单复数,如:(5)、(6)。
熟 读 深思 3. 就近原则
are (1) Either I or they _____ responsible for the result of
the matter.
was (2) In the distance _____ heard the clapping of hands
and the shouts of the people.
归 纳 总结 规则11:当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同 一物、同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词 用单数形式。另外,当and 连接两个形容词修饰一个单 数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应 (13)。 英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有: iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安
is (3) Here ______a pen, a few envelopes and some paper
in the drawer.
归 纳 总结
规则1:当连词or, not… but…; either… or …,
neither… nor …, not only… but also …等连接两个 名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式常与最接近 的词语保持一致,如:(1)。 规则2:在倒装句中,谓语与后面第一个主语的数保 持一致,如:(2)。 规则3:当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又 不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致,如: (3)。
熟 读 深思 2. (语法)形式一致原则 主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式, 谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复 数形式。 (1) Each student is required to tell a story in class. (2) Every boy and every girl is having sports now. (3) He said that one and a half apples is enough. (4) One and a half oranges were left for her brother. (5) More than one student is willing to take part in the activity. (6) Many a method has been tried to solve the problem.
(9) The disabled _____(be) well taken care of in this country. are
(10) Most of the workers ______(have)gone home for a have holiday.
熟 读 深思
were (11) His family _______(be) sitting in the sofa watching TV when I got there. is (12) War and peace_______(be) a constant theme in history. sell (13) Chinese and Japanese silk ______(sell) well in the market. was (14) What surprised me most _______(be) his attitude towards his study. is has suffered (15)Such___(be) Stephen Hawking, who____________(suffer)
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