TOEFL IBT Test Writing

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toefl_writing_rubrics

and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors
An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following: ■■ Addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated ■■ Is generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explanations,
2
A response at this level contains some relevant information from the lecture, but is marked by significant language difficulties or by significant omission or inaccuracy of important ideas from the lecture
or in the connections between the lecture and the reading; a response at this level is marked by one or
more of the following:
■■ The response significantly misrepresents or completely omits the overall connection between the lecture and the reading.

TOEFL iBT TestIndependent Writing Rubrics (Scoring Standards)

Copyright © 2008 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.
● may display accurate but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary
An essay at this level may reveal one or more of the following weaknesses:
● addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications,
and/or details
3
● displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally
● displays facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabu-
lary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiomatic language that do not interfere with meaning An essay at this level is marked by one or more of the following:
obscured

新托福学术写作

新托福学术写作摘要：1.新托福学术写作简介2.新托福学术写作的组成部分3.如何提高新托福学术写作能力4.总结正文：【新托福学术写作简介】新托福（TOEFL iBT）学术写作是一项重要的考试内容，旨在评估非英语母语国家人士的英语写作能力。

新托福学术写作主要由两个部分组成：综合写作和独立写作。

综合写作要求考生在阅读一篇文章后，听取讲座或对话，然后结合所读和所听，写出一篇概括性的文章。

而独立写作则要求考生就某一话题阐述自己的观点，并支持该观点的理由和例子。

【新托福学术写作的组成部分】综合写作部分主要包括以下三个步骤：1.阅读一篇学术性文章，理解文章的主题、论点和论据；2.听取一个讲座或对话，理解讲座或对话的主题、观点和论据；3.结合所读和所听，写出一篇概括性的文章，包括文章的主题、作者的观点、讲座或对话的观点以及如何支持这些观点。

独立写作部分要求考生在30 分钟内完成一篇短文，通常包括以下五个段落：1.引言：简要介绍文章的主题和观点；2.主体：阐述观点，并给出理由和例子；3.主体：阐述观点，并给出理由和例子；4.结论：总结文章的观点，并给出一个有力的结尾；5.结束语：表达对未来的期待或提出对问题的解决办法。

【如何提高新托福学术写作能力】1.多阅读：阅读英文学术文章，了解其结构和写作方式，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力；2.多练习：进行综合写作和独立写作的练习，学会如何在有限的时间内组织语言和表达观点；3.多背诵：背诵一些常用的句型和表达，提高自己的写作水平；4.多修改：写完后要进行反复修改，检查语法、拼写和用词是否准确；5.多交流：与他人交流写作心得，了解自己的优缺点，取长补短。

【总结】新托福学术写作是一项重要的考试内容，对于备考者来说，提高写作能力是关键。

toefl ibt词汇 2.0

toefl ibt词汇2.0
托福ibt 词汇 2.0 指的是托福网考（Internet-Based Test）所需的词汇量在 2.0
万左右。

托福考试主要测试考生在学术英语中的阅读、听力、写作和口语能力，因此需要掌握一定量的学术英语词汇。

具体来说，托福ibt 词汇 2.0 包括以下几个方面：
1.阅读部分：需要掌握约1 万个词汇，其中学术词汇约有3000 个左右。

这些词汇涉
及各种学科领域，如自然科学、社会科学、人文科学等。

2.听力部分：需要掌握约1 万个词汇，其中学术词汇约有4000 个左右。

这些词汇主
要涉及学术讲座、课堂讨论、学术报告等场景。

3.写作部分：需要掌握约8000 个词汇，其中学术词汇约有2000 个左右。

这些词汇
用于写作学术论文、综合写作任务等。

4.口语部分：需要掌握约6000 个词汇，其中学术词汇约有1500 个左右。

这些词汇
用于进行学术讨论、课堂发言等。

需要注意的是，托福ibt 词汇 2.0 只是一个大致的参考数字，实际考试中所需
的词汇量还会根据考生自身的英语水平和考试难度而有所不同。

因此，考生在备考过程中，除了记忆托福词汇书中的词汇外，还需要注重提高自己的英语基础和阅读、听力能力，以更好地应对托福考试。

TOEFL-WRITING-托福写作

• e.g. Where there is a will ,there is a way.
• 有压迫的地方就有反抗。 • Where there is oppression ,there is rebellion. • 有女人的地方就有商机。 • Where there are women ,there are business opportunities. • 有政府的地方就有贪污。 • Where there is a government ,there is corruption.
• Introduction:
•
TOEFL iBT:The Test of English as a Foreign Language Internet Based Test.
•
ETS: Educational Testing Service 美国考试服务中心
• 托福作为语言考试的本质：
• 测试考生对英语的综合应用能力——包括听、说、读、写的独立能力和综合能力 • （每个部分满分30分，总分120分）；
•
increase : n. / decrease
•
定从
•
in the last decade(s)
•
significant / gradual / slight
•
number / amount (修饰不可数n）
• Try :在过去的二十年中，花在食物上的钱逐渐减少了。
• In the last two decades ,there has been a gradual decrease • in the amount of money that is spent on food.
• 2.段落格式使用缩进式或者齐头式

TPO3writing (3)

Toefl iBT Practice Test TPO 3 WritingNo. of Questions: 2Time: approx. 60 minutesBegin TestNow put on your headsetClick on CONTINUE to go on CONTINUEBegin readingYou have 3 minutes to read the passage.Click to begin reading now .Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters.However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed toRembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known asattributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representationof the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be byRembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it couldnot be a work by Rembrandt.First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in theportrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that onlyservants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collarthat no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attentionto the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of suchan inconsistency.Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in thispainting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to beilluminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is thedark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the faceshould appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandtwould never have made such an error.Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was paintedon a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. AlthoughRembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be byRembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces ofwood.For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog ofRembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.You may have to wait a few seconds for the audio to load and play.Directions:You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Question:Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they answer the specific problems presented in the reading passage..Write your response here.Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters.However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed toRembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known asattributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representationof the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be byRembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it couldnot be a work by Rembrandt.First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in theportrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that onlyservants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collarthat no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attentionto the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of suchan inconsistency.Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in thispainting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to beilluminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is thedark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the faceshould appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandtwould never have made such an error.Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was paintedon a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. AlthoughRembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be byRembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces ofwood.For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog ofRembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.换行请按Ctrl+EnterWrite your response here.Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is more important to keep your old friends than it is tomake new friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write,and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain aminimum of 300 words.换行请按Ctrl+EnterYou have completed this practice test.Review answerRestart test。

托福考试组成

托福考试组成
TOEFL（Test of English as a Foreign Language）考试由四个部
分组成：
1. 阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）：这一部分测试考生对英语文本的理解能力。

考生需要阅读短文、文章或学术论文，并回答相关问题。

2. 听力理解（Listening Comprehension）：这一部分测试考生
对英语口语的理解能力。

考生需要听取短对话、长对话、学术演讲等录音，然后回答问题。

3. 口语（Speaking）：这一部分测试考生口语表达的能力。

考
生需要回答一些与日常生活或学术相关的问题，进行口头表达。

4. 写作（Writing）：这一部分测试考生写作的能力。

考生需
要根据给定的题目或问题，写一篇短文，表达自己的观点和想法。

在考试中，阅读理解和听力理解是选择题形式，口语和写作是自由回答题形式。

整个考试的时间约为4小时，目前TOEFL
考试有两种模式：托福iBT（Internet-based Test）和托福PBT （Paper-based Test），其中托福iBT是最常见的形式。

2023年托福写作真题

11.1.8MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The food we ate in the past was healthier than the food we eat today.(Food)11.1.22MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: For parties celebrating occasions such as graduation or birthday, it is better to invite a lot of people instead of only inviting friends and family members.（Family & Friends)11.1.30MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The world is changing quickly.People are less happy than before.11.2.12MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: In a busy and crowded world, we should not expect people to be polite to others.(Old vs.New)11.02.20MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement:People who move out of their native village or town are happier and more successful than those who stay in native village or town for all their life.(Success)11.02.26MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Young people do not have any influence on decisions that may affect the future of the world.(Young vs.Old)11.03.04NAThe most important problems in today’s world will be solved in our lifetime.11.03.11NAAlthough science and technology will continue to improve, the most significant improvement for the qual ity of people’s lives has already taken place.11.03.12MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should buy things made in their own country, even if the price is higher than the things made elsewhere.(Money)11.03.13MLSome people think children should spend most of their time in studying and playing while others think they should help their parents with the household chores.What is your opinion? (Family) 11.03.19NAMovies and television have more negative effects than positive effects on the way young people behave.11.03.20MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People would be happier if they had fewer possessions.(Money)11.03.26MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Young people should try different jobs before they decide which job they should take.(Work)11.04.02Which kind of universities do you prefer, universities whose graduates can find good jobs or universities where there are famous professors? (Education)11.04.09MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: The government should spend more money on art museums than on playgrounds.(Government)11.04.15NAComparing to hiring famous teachers, school should pay more attention to improve facilities.11.04.22 NAWhich kind of universities do you prefer, universities whose graduates can find good jobs or universities where there are famous professors?11.04.23MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: A job with more vacation time but a low salary is better than a job with a high salary but less vacation time.(Employment)11.04.30NAIt is important to know about what is happening around the world, even if it doesn’t affect your personal lives.11.5.14 MLDo you agree or disagree: it is easier for people in the past to identify which type of career or job has a secure or successful future.11.5.28 ML（2023.5.28 NA）Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: A person's clothes reveal a lot about his personality.11.5.29 ML（2023.10.10 ML）Do you agree or disagree: it is easier to achieve success today than in the past.11.6.11 ML (2023.7.10 NA)Do you agree or disagree with the statement: although a lot of people know the environmental situation (global warming etc.), however, the present situation is unlikely to change in the future,11.6.25 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Movies and televisions should always show audience good people are being rewarded and bad people are being punished.11.7.8The friends that you can have fun with are more important than the friends that you can get help from?11.7.9People should take time to relax with hobbies or physical activities that are very different from what they do at work.11.7.23Teachers should give students more group assignments because students work more efficiently in groups.11.7.31Physical exercise is much more important for the old than the young.11.8.5If one of your friends needs assistance in one of the courses you are good at, it is better for him to turn to you or ask a tutor for help?11.8.13The young people today are facing more personal and work-related challenges than their parents did fifty years ago.11.8.20The most important investment for a company is to spend money to improve the work skills of its employees.11.8.21For the successful development of a country, the government should focus its budget on young children’s education rather than on universities.11.8.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Patience is usually not a good thing; we should take actions at once.11.8.28Movies are worth watching only when they teach something about real life.11.9.8The rapid growth of cities has a mostly positive impact on the development of the society.11.9.24Educating children has become more difficult task because now children spend more time on cell phones, online games and social web site.11.9.25It is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago.11.9.28In order to solve the problems of the present and the future, people should review the past.11.10.16Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people today are less dependent on their parents than in the past.11.10.20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Printed books have had greater effects on society than television has had.11.10.22Famous entertainers and athletes deserve to have more privacy than they have now.11.10.27Most business people are motivated by the desire for money.11.10.30The most important characteristic of a good political or business leader is an ability to accept the responsibility of the mistakes.11.11.5 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should spend money on traveling and vacation rather than save money for future use.11.11.12 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? More and more people are spending much money on animals though there are also many places are worth using.11.11.13Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One can learn a lot about a person from the types of friends the person has.To improve the quality of education, university should spend more money on professors’ salary.11.11.19 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Some jobs can pay high salaries but require employees to leave their family and friends.Some jobs pay few salaries but allow employees staying with family and friend.Which job do you prefer? Why?11.11.20 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important characteristic for a politician or a leader is good communication skill.11.11.26 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better for people to work at home with a computer than at their own office?11.12.2 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? People who cannot accept the criticism from others will not be successful at working in a group.11.12.9 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has more effect on your happiness than your social life does.11.12.10.MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Increasing teachers’ salary can improve educational level.11.12.11 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Improvement of schools is the most important factor for the development of a nation.11.12.17 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is impossible to be completely honest with your friend.11.12.18 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better for government to spend money on building future housing or preserving historic or traditional buildings and homes?12.1.8 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? People would be happier if they had fewer possessions.12.1.14 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? All school teachers should take course every five years to update their knowledge.12.2.5 MLPeople should have goals that are challenging rather than goals that are safe and practical.12.2.11 MLDo you agree or disagree.Talented people's leadership is born naturally and can't be learned by people.12.2.17 MLSome people prefer to buy new technological devices; others choose to buy them when they are in common use.Which do you prefer?Describe the differences between two singers that you are familiar with.Include reasons and examples to support your response.12.2.24 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? In terms of t eamwork, those who can’t take any criticism from other people can never succeed.12.2.25 MLCan two people be good friends if one person has more money than the other?12.3.4Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Employees who always follow their supervisor’s instructions are more valuable to their companies than employees who try to find new or better ways?12.3.10If you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, will you use e-mail/text messaging or use telephone/voice-messaging?12.3.18Do you agree or disagree with the statement: There is never a good reason to be impolite (rude) to another person.12.3.24 MLDo you agree or disagree with the following statement? If parents want their children to do well at school, they should limit the time their children spend on watching TV.12.4.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important for government to protect animals and wilderness areas for future generations.12.4.22Do you agree or disagree that it is more important for universities to spend money on facilities (such as libraries, computers and technology) rather than on hiring famous teachers?12.4.28Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is important to know about events happening around the world; even it is unlikely to affect your daily life.12.5.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to choose a university which has a good prospective of employment than the one with famous professors.12.5.20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Since people care public recognition more than money, they will work harder after their efforts are recognized——even if there is no more money given.12.5.26Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers had greater influence on young children in the past than today.12.6.9Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is often not a good thing for people to move to a new town or a new country because they will lose their friends.12.6.15Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important characteristic for a politician or leader is good communication skills.12.6.17Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Rather than help their children do school work, parents should encourage their children to do work independently.12.6.30Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to learn about a foreign country is to read the newspapers and magazines from that country.12.7.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? If your friend need extra help in schoolwork, suppose you are good at the subject which your friend needs help, it is better for your friend to ask you for help than get help from a professional tutor.12.7.15Is it important for government to provide money for the things that are beautiful than things that are practical.12.7.22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can take care of their family members better when they live in big cities than in the countryside.12.7.28Some people prefer to live away from family and friends with high salaries; other people prefer to stay with your family and friends with less pay.Which is better for you?12.8.19Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Car has had a great effect on the society than the airplane.12.8.25Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The opinions of celebrities, such as some entertainers or athletes, are more important to younger people than to older people.12.8.26Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.12.9.2Competition among friends usually has a negative effect on the friendship.12.9.8Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The advice from grandparents has no use for their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot during the past 50 years.12.9.16Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important investment for a company is to spend money on improving the work skills of its employees.12.9.22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Although science and technology will co ntinue to improve, the most significant improvement for the quality of people’s lives have already taken place.12.9.23The most important problems affecting our society today could be solved within our lifetime.12.10.13Nowadays, it is much easier to achieve success with help from one's family than what is like before.12.10.14To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.12.10.19Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading a student does on his/her own is as important as, or even more important than reading a student does because it is assigned by teachers.学生自己读旳书与老师布置旳同样重要还是更重要。

托福考试备考资料推荐

托福考试备考资料推荐托福考试备考对于很多想要申请留学的学生来说是一个重要的环节。

通过合适的备考资料可以帮助我们更好地了解托福考试的要求，提高我们的考试成绩。

在这篇文章中，我将为大家推荐一些值得参考的托福备考资料，希望能对大家有所帮助。

一、托福听力资料推荐1.《Barron's TOEFL iBT with Audio CDs and MP3s》这本教材是备考托福听力的经典教材之一，它包含了丰富多样的听力练习题目，可以帮助我们熟悉托福听力考试的题型和格式。

此外，它还提供了大量的听力材料和练习题，可以有效提高我们的听力水平。

2.《Official TOEFL iBT Tests Volume 1》这是由托福考试官方出版的备考资料，里面包含10套真实的托福考试听力部分的题目。

通过做这些题目，我们可以更好地了解托福听力的难度和要求，同时也可以熟悉考试的时间限制和答题技巧。

二、托福阅读资料推荐1.《Official TOEFL iBT Tests Volume 2》同样由托福考试官方出版的备考资料，这本书包含了5套真实的托福考试阅读部分的题目。

通过做这些题目，我们可以熟悉托福阅读的题型和要求，并且可以提高我们的阅读速度和理解能力。

2.《The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test with DVD-ROM, Fifth Edition》这本书是托福考试官方推荐的备考资料，它不仅包含了阅读部分的练习题，还有其他三个部分（听力、口语和写作）的练习题。

通过这本书的全面练习，我们可以更好地了解和应对托福考试的各个方面。

三、托福口语资料推荐1.《Speaking and Writing Strategies for the TOEFL iBT》这本书重点讲解了托福口语部分的备考技巧和策略，同时提供了大量的口语练习题目，可以帮助我们熟悉托福口语考试的题型和要求。

通过学习这本书，我们可以提高口语流利度和表达能力。

TPO3writing

Toefl iBT Practice Test TPO 3 WritingNo. of Questions: 2Time: approx. 60 minutesBegin TestNow put on your headsetClick on CONTINUE to go on CONTINUEBegin readingYou have 3 minutes to read the passage.Click to begin reading now .Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed toRembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency.Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to beilluminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.You may have to wait a few seconds for the audio to load and play.Directions:You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Question:Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they answer the specific problems presented in the reading passage..Write your response here.Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed toRembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency.Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to beilluminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.According to the materials, the lecturer and the author of the article hold different opinions when it comes to whether the painting of the woman's face is created by Rembrandt.The author claims that some problems with the painting will shows that it doen't Rembrandtmasterpiece,while the lecturer just stands in the opposite possition.First of all, as is revealed by the reading passage ,the writer argues that the dressing of the woman is not consistent, which is contradicted by the listening .The speaker says that the pigment color on the top is not the original work of him ,it was add by the other people.In the second place, as has been said from the reading materials, it can be learned that the light and shadow don't combined well in this painting,while the Rembrandt was quiet good at that;On the other hand, the speaker objects it by explanation that if we can remove something on the cover, we will find the light illuminates the face and accompanying with the shadow, it really reflect the woman's face perfectly .In the end, the author also maintain that the back shows that the painting is combination of several pieces of wood.,while the listening give further evident to prove that this is not the case. The piece of the wood was resemble to the wood used in his another work, and actually they were from the same tree.In conclution,the lecturer's view is contrast to the reading's opinion.Write your response here.Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.换行请按Ctrl+EnterYou have completed this practice test.Review answerRestart test。

托福考试写作专项历年真题2024

托福考试写作专项历年真题2024托福考试是世界各地许多学生申请海外大学的必备考试之一。

写作部分是托福考试的重要组成部分，考察考生的逻辑思维能力、语言表达能力以及写作结构能力。

下面将针对2024年的托福考试写作真题进行分析和解答。

1. 第一篇文章2024年托福考试写作真题的第一篇文章是关于人工智能对社会和工作的影响。

文章认为人工智能的发展将会带来工作机会的减少和不公平的分配问题。

然而，文章也指出人工智能的发展将带来效率的提高和创造更多新兴行业。

针对这篇文章，我们需要分析其观点，并进行适当的回应。

首先，可以在第一段简要概括文章内容。

然后，在接下来的段落中，可以对人工智能对工作机会的减少和不公平分配进行讨论，并提出自己的观点和论证。

最后，可以谈论人工智能对效率提高和新兴行业的积极影响，并进一步加以证明。

2. 第二篇文章托福考试写作2024年真题的第二篇文章是关于学生是否应该兼职工作的问题。

文章认为学生应该专注于学业，不应分散精力去兼职工作。

然而，文章也提到兼职工作可以培养学生的社会经验和实际能力。

对于这篇文章，我们需要对其观点进行分析。

首先，可以在第一段陈述文章的内容和观点。

接下来的段落中，可以对学生兼职工作对学生学业的影响进行讨论，并提出自己的观点和理由。

最后，可以讨论兼职工作对学生社会经验和实际能力的益处，并进一步说明。

3. 第三篇文章托福考试写作2024年真题的第三篇文章是关于环保问题的。

文章提出环保是全球性的重要议题，应该得到更多的关注和行动。

文章还指出环保问题的解决需要国际合作和政府领导。

对于这篇文章，我们需要对其观点进行分析并回应。

首先，可在第一段简要概括文章内容和观点。

接下来的段落中，可以探讨环保问题的重要性，并提出自己对于环保的看法和解决方案。

最后，可以谈论国际合作和政府领导的重要性，并给出相应的论据。

4. 第四篇文章托福考试写作2024年真题的第四篇文章是关于城市化对农村地区的影响。

托福考试2024写作历年题目全集

托福考试2024写作历年题目全集Title: A Comprehensive Collection of TOEFL Writing Prompts from Previous Years (2024)Introduction:The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is an internationally recognized language proficiency test. One of its crucial components is the writing section, which evaluates a test taker's ability to express ideas and opinions coherently. This article compiles a diverse range of essay prompts from previous years of the TOEFL examination, offering aspiring test takers an opportunity to practice their writing skills and familiarize themselves with the exam format.1. Differentiated EducationIn today's world, educational systems face the challenge of catering to diverse student needs. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of differentiated education, where instruction and learning experiences are personalized to individual students. Provide examples and support your opinion with appropriate reasoning.2. Sustainable LivingAs our planet faces pressing environmental issues, the concept of sustainable living gains significance. What measures should individuals and governments take to promote sustainability? Share your opinion and present specific examples to illustrate your points.3. Technology and CommunicationExamine the impact of modern technology on communication. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of communication platforms such as social media, email, and instant messaging. Share your personal experiences and insights to support your stance.4. Cultural PreservationAs globalization progresses, many fear the loss of cultural diversity. How can governments and individuals work together to preserve and protect diverse cultures? Explain the importance of cultural preservation and propose measures to achieve this goal.5. Public TransportationDiscuss the advantages and disadvantages of public transportation in urban areas. Analyze the impact of relying more on public transportation rather than private vehicles. Provide examples and discuss potential challenges and solutions.6. Animal RightsThe ethical treatment of animals has become a widely debated issue. Should animals have the same rights as humans? Discuss the pros and cons of granting animals legal rights and present evidence to support your viewpoint.7. Globalization and Job OpportunitiesGlobalization has both positive and negative effects on employment opportunities. Explore the impact of globalization on the job market and discuss how individuals can adapt to the changing employment landscape.Provide examples and offer strategies for career success in a globalized world.8. Social Media InfluenceSocial media has become an integral part of many people's lives. Analyze the influence of social media platforms on individuals and society as a whole. Discuss the positive and negative impacts of social media and suggest ways to overcome potential drawbacks.Conclusion:This compilation of TOEFL writing prompts offers a comprehensive array of topics that test takers can expect in the exam. By practicing these prompts, aspiring TOEFL candidates can enhance their writing skills, develop critical thinking abilities, and familiarize themselves with various subject matters. Remember, the key to achieving success in the writing section of the TOEFL lies in formulating well-structured arguments, supporting them with relevant examples, and expressing ideas coherently. Practice, dedication, and a thorough understanding of these prompts will undoubtedly contribute to a higher score on the TOEFL writing section.。

托福写作考试介绍：写作考试内容及写作方法

托福写作考试介绍：写作考试内容及写作方法托福写作考试分为综合写作和独立写作，综合写作考察大家归纳能力以及听力和阅读能力，独立写作需要大家写出一篇内容完整论据充分的文章。

托福写作考试想要拿高分必需对考试有个详细的了解，接下来我们来具体介绍一下托福写作考试。

托福写作考试介绍：写作考试内容及写作方法一. 托福写作考试详细介绍托福写作总时长55分钟，需要完成两个写作任务。

1.综合写作托福综合写作任务有3个，即阅读、听力与写作。

大家可以把阅读一篇有关学术性话题的短文，然后在听力部分你将听到一名演讲者从不同的观点讨论同样的主题。

通过阅读或听力材料当成是基础的写作试题，写作时间大概是20分钟。

考生们必须要阅读一篇学术演讲，阅读的时间大概是三分钟。

然后文章隐去，此时考生们要求听一段演讲时间大概是1分半钟。

但是后面当考生写作文时，依然能够看见在放听力材料时隐去的阅读材料。

考生在听录音的过程中可以做笔记来帮助答题。

考生可以使用剩下的20分钟的时间来总结听力材料中的要点，并解释这些要点与阅读材料中的要求有何不同。

通常有效的回答应是一篇150-225个单词的作文。

2.独立写作立写作任务测试你依据自身的经历与知识写作的能力。

大家要把一篇写作完成，通过某一个议题阐述和支持你的观点。

在此主要是用具体细节来支持你的观点或选择。

关于试题方面的时间大概是30分钟。

和如今机考托福的写作或托福写作考试(TWE)类似需要考生根据自己的知识和经验陈述、解释同时支持对待其中一问题的某个看法。

尽管从理论上字数并未有上限，但是通常有效的回答应是一篇300个单词左右的作文。

每个写作任务的分数是0-5分。

考查综合语言技能的作文题目的评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。

二. 托福写作方法：3步完成写作第一步：审题、确定立场、列出理由(只需要在草稿纸上用英文单词或汉语列出各个理由，防止遗忘)，最少3分钟最多5分钟。

要避免两个极端：a.用时太少，理由没有想清楚就开始写，不仅造成文章逻辑结构不清，还会引起行文中频繁的修正，欲速则不达;b.用时太多，不要追求一次思考就能把每一条理由及相关例证都想出来。

新托福(iBT)写作满分详解及模板

新托福(iBT)写作满分详解及模板新托福(internet based TOEFL 简称iBT TOEFL) 自去年2005年9月在北美开考以来，很多考生谈此色变。

有的考生把新托福戏称为“ 我变态”(iBT 亦是我变态的谐音)。

不少同学纷纷转考其他类型的考试，一试不爽，又转回iBT, 这么几个回合下来时间就被浪费掉了。

纵观新托福考试的4大块，中国考生要在短期内（2 - 4个月）迅速取得新托福高分（100分以上），考生必须有相当的应考策略。

笔者对考生的新托福成绩作了大量统计和分析后发现考生考分相对高的2个部分是听力和写作。

考分相对低的是阅读和口语。

今天，作者着重和大家聊聊如何在极短的时间内（3天的时间）迅速取得作文27分以上，并给出作者参加新托福考试取得满分的作文部分模块，供各位考生参考。

作文考试作为新托福的第4部分，共有2篇作文。

一．Integrated writing ( 结合写作)第一篇作文叫做Integrated writing ( 结合写作)，给考生3分钟读一篇文章（大概200字左右），然后听一段关于对此文章的评论，结束后让考生写出150-225字的作文（只能打字），典型的问法是：Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on point made in the reading. 听力结束后，阅读部分会再次出现并保留在电脑屏幕的左半部分，考生便可以开始写作。

此文的评分标准有2条: 1. 要点分 2. 语言分要写好此篇作文关键有以下几点：1.考生必须从根本上掌握英语八股文的结构。

阅读时，考生必须按照八股文结构，记下这些points和support points 的details.2.听力时，考生要记下说话者是如何反对这些Points的。

注意的是说话者的反对顺序不一定按照阅读文章的演进顺序进行。

托福自学书籍

托福自学书籍
如果您想要自学托福，有很多好的书籍可以帮助您达到自己的目标。

以下是一些值得推荐的托福自学书籍：
1.《TOEFL iBT 完全攻略》（The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test）：这本书是由ETS（托福考试的开发者）出版的，是一本权威的教材。

它包含了所有的考试内容和真实的试题，同时还有练习题、答案解析和考试技巧。

2.《托福阅读》（TOEFL Reading）：这是一本由Kaplan出版的书，它提供了针对托福阅读部分的策略和技巧，同时提供了很多练习题和解析。

3.《托福写作》（TOEFL Writing）：这本书也是由Kaplan出版的，它专门针对托福写作部分提供了技巧和策略，并提供了许多练习题和答案解析。

4.《托福听力》（TOEFL Listening）：这本书是由Barron's出版的，它提供了托福听力部分的策略和技巧，同时也提供了很多练习题和解析。

5.《托福口语》（TOEFL Speaking）：这是一本由Cambridge出版的书，它提供了托福口语部分的技巧和策略，同时提供了许多练习题和答案解析。

以上是一些值得推荐的托福自学书籍。

当然，除了这些书籍，还有许多其他的资源可以帮助您学习托福，如在线课程、视频和听力练习等。

您可以结合自己的需求和学习习惯，选择最适合自己的学习资
源。

托福英语口语与写作能力测试选择题 60题

1. What is the main purpose of the TOEFL test?A. To test mathematical skillsB. To evaluate English proficiencyC. To assess physical fitnessD. To measure artistic abilities2. Which of the following is NOT a component of the TOEFL iBT?A. ReadingB. WritingC. SpeakingD. Calculus3. How many minutes are typically allotted for the TOEFL speaking secti on?A. 15 minutesB. 20 minutesC. 30 minutesD. 60 minutes4. Which of the following is a common topic for TOEFL writing tasks?A. The benefits of space explorationB. The history of computer programmingC. The impact of climate changeD. All of the above5. What is the recommended word count for the integrated writing task i n TOEFL?A. 150-225 wordsB. 250-300 wordsC. 300-350 wordsD. 350-400 words6. Which of the following is a strategy for improving TOEFL speaking sk ills?A. Memorizing mathematical formulasB. Practicing pronunciation with native speakersC. Studying historical eventsD. Learning advanced physics7. What is the scoring range for the TOEFL iBT?A. 0-100B. 0-120C. 0-200D. 0-3008. Which of the following is NOT a speaking task type in the TOEFL iBT?A. Independent taskB. Integrated taskC. Descriptive taskD. Opinion task9. What is the typical length of a TOEFL writing essay?A. 1 paragraphB. 2-3 paragraphsC. 4-5 paragraphsD. 6-7 paragraphs10. Which of the following is a recommended resource for TOEFL preparat ion?A. Khan AcademyB. CourseraC. TOEFL official guideD. All of the above11. What is the main focus of the integrated writing task in TOEFL?A. Summarizing a lectureB. Comparing a lecture and a readingC. Writing a research paperD. Creating a debate12. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective TOEFL speak ing responses?A. Using complex vocabularyB. Speaking rapidlyC. Providing clear examplesD. Ignoring the question13. What is the time limit for the independent writing task in TOEFL?A. 20 minutesB. 30 minutesC. 40 minutesD. 60 minutes14. Which of the following is a tip for managing time during the TOEFL test?A. Spend more time on easier questionsB. Skip difficult questionsC. Allocate time evenly across sectionsD. Rush through the test15. What is the purpose of the reading section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical reasoningB. To evaluate English reading comprehensionC. To assess physical enduranceD. To measure artistic creativity16. Which of the following is a common mistake in TOEFL writing?A. Using too many examplesB. Not providing a clear thesis statementC. Writing too longD. All of the above17. What is the recommended preparation time for the TOEFL test?A. 1 monthB. 3 monthsC. 6 monthsD. 1 year18. Which of the following is a strategy for improving TOEFL reading sk ills?A. Reading academic articlesB. Watching moviesC. Playing video gamesD. Listening to music19. What is the main difference between the independent and integrated speaking tasks in TOEFL?A. Length of responseB. Source of informationC. Scoring criteriaD. Time allotted20. Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-scoring TOEFL essay?A. Poor grammarB. Lack of organizationC. Clear and coherent argumentsD. Off-topic content21. What is the purpose of the listening section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical skillsB. To evaluate English listening comprehensionC. To assess physical fitnessD. To measure artistic abilities22. Which of the following is a recommended practice for TOEFL listenin g?A. Skipping the audioB. Taking notesC. Ignoring the questionsD. Rushing through the audio23. What is the typical format of the TOEFL speaking section?A. Multiple-choice questionsB. Short responses and integrated tasksC. Long essaysD. Calculations24. Which of the following is a common topic for TOEFL speaking tasks?A. Personal experiencesB. Historical eventsC. Scientific theoriesD. All of the above25. What is the main focus of the independent writing task in TOEFL?A. Summarizing a lectureB. Comparing a lecture and a readingC. Expressing personal opinionD. Creating a debate26. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective TOEFL writi ng responses?A. Using simple vocabularyB. Providing clear examplesC. Ignoring the promptD. Writing randomly27. What is the time limit for the integrated writing task in TOEFL?A. 20 minutesB. 30 minutesC. 40 minutesD. 60 minutes28. Which of the following is a tip for managing time during the TOEFL speaking section?A. Speak rapidlyB. Take your time to organize thoughtsC. Ignore the timerD. Skip questions29. What is the purpose of the speaking section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical reasoningB. To evaluate English speaking proficiencyC. To assess physical enduranceD. To measure artistic creativity30. Which of the following is a common mistake in TOEFL speaking?A. Using too many examplesB. Not providing a clear thesis statementC. Speaking too longD. All of the above31. What is the recommended preparation time for the TOEFL speaking sec tion?A. 1 monthB. 3 monthsC. 6 monthsD. 1 year32. Which of the following is a strategy for improving TOEFL speaking s kills?A. Reading academic articlesB. Watching moviesC. Practicing pronunciationD. Listening to music33. What is the main difference between the independent and integrated writing tasks in TOEFL?A. Length of responseB. Source of informationC. Scoring criteriaD. Time allotted34. Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-scoring TOEFL speaking response?A. Poor grammarB. Lack of organizationC. Clear and coherent argumentsD. Off-topic content35. What is the purpose of the writing section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical skillsB. To evaluate English writing proficiencyC. To assess physical fitnessD. To measure artistic abilities36. Which of the following is a recommended practice for TOEFL writing?A. Skipping the promptB. Taking notesC. Ignoring the questionsD. Rushing through the essay37. What is the typical format of the TOEFL writing section?A. Multiple-choice questionsB. Short responses and integrated tasksC. Long essaysD. Calculations38. Which of the following is a common topic for TOEFL writing tasks?A. Personal experiencesB. Historical eventsC. Scientific theoriesD. All of the above39. What is the main focus of the integrated speaking task in TOEFL?A. Summarizing a lectureB. Comparing a lecture and a readingC. Expressing personal opinionD. Creating a debate40. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective TOEFL speak ing responses?A. Using simple vocabularyB. Providing clear examplesC. Ignoring the promptD. Speaking randomly41. What is the time limit for the independent speaking task in TOEFL?A. 20 minutesB. 30 minutesC. 40 minutesD. 60 minutes42. Which of the following is a tip for managing time during the TOEFL writing section?A. Write rapidlyB. Take your time to organize thoughtsC. Ignore the timerD. Skip questions43. What is the purpose of the writing section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical reasoningB. To evaluate English writing proficiencyC. To assess physical enduranceD. To measure artistic creativity44. Which of the following is a common mistake in TOEFL writing?A. Using too many examplesB. Not providing a clear thesis statementC. Writing too longD. All of the above45. What is the recommended preparation time for the TOEFL writing sect ion?A. 1 monthB. 3 monthsC. 6 monthsD. 1 year46. Which of the following is a strategy for improving TOEFL writing sk ills?A. Reading academic articlesB. Watching moviesC. Practicing grammarD. Listening to music47. What is the main difference between the independent and integrated speaking tasks in TOEFL?A. Length of responseB. Source of informationC. Scoring criteriaD. Time allotted48. Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-scoring TOEFL writing response?A. Poor grammarB. Lack of organizationC. Clear and coherent argumentsD. Off-topic content49. What is the purpose of the speaking section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical skillsB. To evaluate English speaking proficiencyC. To assess physical fitnessD. To measure artistic abilities50. Which of the following is a recommended practice for TOEFL speaking?A. Skipping the promptB. Taking notesC. Ignoring the questionsD. Rushing through the response51. What is the typical format of the TOEFL speaking section?A. Multiple-choice questionsB. Short responses and integrated tasksC. Long essaysD. Calculations52. Which of the following is a common topic for TOEFL speaking tasks?A. Personal experiencesB. Historical eventsC. Scientific theoriesD. All of the above53. What is the main focus of the independent speaking task in TOEFL?A. Summarizing a lectureB. Comparing a lecture and a readingC. Expressing personal opinionD. Creating a debate54. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective TOEFL speak ing responses?A. Using simple vocabularyB. Providing clear examplesC. Ignoring the promptD. Speaking randomly55. What is the time limit for the integrated speaking task in TOEFL?A. 20 minutesB. 30 minutesC. 40 minutesD. 60 minutes56. Which of the following is a tip for managing time during the TOEFL speaking section?A. Speak rapidlyB. Take your time to organize thoughtsC. Ignore the timerD. Skip questions57. What is the purpose of the speaking section in TOEFL?A. To test mathematical reasoningB. To evaluate English speaking proficiencyC. To assess physical enduranceD. To measure artistic creativity58. Which of the following is a common mistake in TOEFL speaking?A. Using too many examplesB. Not providing a clear thesis statementC. Speaking too longD. All of the above59. What is the recommended preparation time for the TOEFL speaking sec tion?A. 1 monthB. 3 monthsC. 6 monthsD. 1 year60. Which of the following is a strategy for improving TOEFL speaking s kills?A. Reading academic articlesB. Watching moviesC. Practicing pronunciationD. Listening to music答案部分1. B2. D3. B4. D6. B7. B8. C9. C10. D11. B12. C13. B14. C15. B16. B17. B18. A19. B20. C21. B22. B23. B24. D25. C26. B27. A28. B29. B30. D31. B32. C33. B34. C35. B36. B37. C38. D39. B40. B41. B42. B43. B44. D45. B46. C47. B48. C49. B50. B51. B52. D53. C54. B56. B57. B58. D59. B60. C。

TPO4writing (2)

Toefl iBT Practice Test TPO 4 WritingNo. of Questions: 2Time: approx. 60 minutesBegin TestNow put on your headsetClick on CONTINUE to go on CONTINUEBegin reading You have 3 minutes to read the passage.Click to begin reading now .Endotherms are animals such as modern birds and mammals that keeptheir body temperatures constant. For instance, humans are endothermsand maintain an internal temperature of 37°C, no matter whether theenvironment is warm or cold. Because dinosaurs were reptiles, andmodern reptiles are not endotherms, it was long assumed that dinosaurswere not endotherms. However, dinosaurs differ in many ways frommodem reptiles, and there is now considerable evidence that dinosaurswere, in fact, endotherms.Polar dinosaursOne reason for believing that dinosaurs were endotherms is that dinosaurfossils have been discovered in polar regions. Only animals that canmaintain a temperature well above that of the surrounding environmentcould be active in such cold climates.Leg position and movementThere is a connection between endothermy and the position andmovement of the legs. The physiology of endothermy allows sustainedphysical activity, such as running. But running is efficient only if an animal'slegs are positioned underneath its body, not at the body's side, as they arefor crocodiles and many lizards. The legs of all modern endotherms areunderneath the body, and so were the legs of dinosaurs. This stronglysuggests that dinosaurs were endotherms.Haversian canalsThere is also a connection between endothermy and bone structure. Thebones of endotherms usually include structures called Haversian canals.These canals house nerves and blood vessels that allow the living animalto grow quickly, and rapid body growth is in fact a characteristic ofendothermy. The presence of Haversian canals in bone is a strongindicator that the animal is an endotherm, and fossilized bones ofdinosaurs are usually dense with Haversian canals.You may have to wait a few seconds for the audio to load and play.Directions: You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Question: Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passage..Write your response here. Endotherms are animals such as modern birds and mammals that keep their body temperatures constant. For instance, humans are endotherms and maintain an internal temperature of 37°C, no matter whether theenvironment is warm or cold. Because dinosaurs were reptiles, andmodern reptiles are not endotherms, it was long assumed that dinosaurswere not endotherms. However, dinosaurs differ in many ways frommodem reptiles, and there is now considerable evidence that dinosaurswere, in fact, endotherms.Polar dinosaursOne reason for believing that dinosaurs were endotherms is that dinosaurfossils have been discovered in polar regions. Only animals that canmaintain a temperature well above that of the surrounding environmentcould be active in such cold climates.Leg position and movementThere is a connection between endothermy and the position andmovement of the legs. The physiology of endothermy allows sustainedphysical activity, such as running. But running is efficient only if an animal'slegs are positioned underneath its body, not at the body's side, as they arefor crocodiles and many lizards. The legs of all modern endotherms areunderneath the body, and so were the legs of dinosaurs. This stronglysuggests that dinosaurs were endotherms.Haversian canalsThere is also a connection between endothermy and bone structure. Thebones of endotherms usually include structures called Haversian canals.These canals house nerves and blood vessels that allow the living animalto grow quickly, and rapid body growth is in fact a characteristic ofendothermy. The presence of Haversian canals in bone is a strongindicator that the animal is an endotherm, and fossilized bones ofdinosaurs are usually dense with Haversian canals. 换行请按Ctrl+EnterWrite your response here.Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?In twenty years, there will be fewer cars in use thanthere are today.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.Directions: Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write,and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain aminimum of 300 words. 换行请按Ctrl+EnterYou have completed this practice test.Review answerRestart test。