高考英语一轮复习动词的时态和语态
2020年高三一轮复习英语语法专项讲解--动词的时态和语态
动词的时态与语态考点清单一现在时态一、一般现在时一般现在时是不受时间限制的客观存在.指经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
1.表示现状、性质状态、经常发生的或习惯性的动作,且常与usually ,always, every day,twice a week,seldom.sometimes等表额率的时间状语连用。
John sometimes sits up very late.约翰有时很晚才睡。
2.表示客观事实或普遍现象。
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。
Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不等人。
3.如果主句是一般将来时,那么时间、条件等状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
If it rains tomorrow,I won't go there.如果明天下雨,我将不去那儿。
特别点击①在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表达将来含义,也就是说will不用于when,if,even if. unless, whatever.no matter what/when/where等引导的状语从句中表将来,但如果will 表示“决心、意愿”时,可用在条件状语从句中。
If you will go there,please tell me.如果你愿意去那儿,请告诉我。
①表示按规定、计划、安排、时间表等马上要发生的事时,也用一般现在时表将来,常与具体时间状语连用。
该用法仅限于少数表示短暂意义的动词(词组),如come, go, arrive,leave, begin, take off,stop等。
The final exam takes place next week.期末考试下周举行。
The train leaves London at six and arrives at Birmingham at eight.火车六点离开伦敦,八点到达伯明翰。
江苏高考英语时态和语态复习
高考英语语法一轮复习──动词的时态和语态一、现在时1. 一般现在时:基本结构:do / does / be (am/is/are)用法:(1) 表示现在的习惯动作、状态。
(2) 表示客观规律、真理;特征、性格等。
(3) 用于标题,小说、剧本、图片等中的情节介绍。
(4) 用于时间、条件、让步状从中,表将来。
(5) 表示按计划、规定的时间发生的动作,如时刻表等。
仅限于come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等趋向动词。
(6) 用于一些完全倒装句,表示进行意义。
2. 现在进行时:基本结构:be(am/is/are) doing;用法:(1) 表示现在、现阶段正在发生、进行的动作。
(2) 表示按计划或已安排好的事情,只限于go, come, leave, arrive, start, return, stay, sail, fly 等动词。
(3) 与always, forever, constantly, continually等副词连用,表示反复出现的习惯性动作,往往含有赞赏或厌恶的感情色彩。
注意:1. 表示感觉、心理、结果性的动词一般不用于进行时。
2. 常见表进行的副词、介短:in progress in operation on show3. 现在完成时:基本结构:have/has done用法:(1) 过去发生且结束,但对现在造成影响。
(2) 过去发生且持续到现在。
(3) 在以下两个句型中,其从句要求用现在完成时:It (This) is the first (last, second, third) time that…It (This) is the best (worst, most interesting,…) + n. + that…4.现在完成进行时:基本结构:have/has been doing…用法:表示某动作从过去某个时间开始,一直延续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去。
【高考英语一轮复习】第一讲 谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
动词突破篇动词(短语)表示主语的动作、存在、变化或态度。
动词按照动词的意义可以分为实义动词、情态动词、系动词、助动词。
第一讲谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。
动词时态考查虽多,但考向非常集中,最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时,其次是现在完成时,其他时态考查相对较少。
因此备考重点是:①动词时态的基本用法②动词语态的基本用法③主谓一致动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)1.一般时态(1)一般现在时①表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
②表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。
③在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time.有时间我会写信给她。
(2)一般过去时①表示过去发生的一次性或习惯性动作或状态。
We often played basketball together.我们(过去)经常在一起打篮球。
②时间、条件、让步状语从句中,若主句用了过去将来时,从句常用一般过去时。
He said he would tell her the news as soon as he met her.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
单句语法填空①The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ语法填空)②The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—touched (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)③When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed (point) down the river.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)④New methods meant__(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)⑤While running regularly can’t make you live forever,the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking,cycling or swimming.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)⑥Sarah says,“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment,school comes (come) first.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.”(全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)2.进行时态(1)现在进行时(am/is/are+现在分词)①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结:动词的时态和语态
六、动词的时态和语态1. 常用常考的动词时态和用法:(以do为例)名称构成用法一般现在时do/does,( 连系动词is/am/are )1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言,目前的特征、状态、能力等。
2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
I’ll go there after I finish my work.If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.3.在以here,there开头的句子里,go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
There goes the bell.铃响了。
There comes the bus.汽车来了。
Here she comes.她来了。
一般过去时did,( 连系动词was/were) 表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况,或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。
现在进行时is/am/are doing 1.表示正在进行的动作。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
3.代替一般现在时,描绘更加生动。
The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.长江江水滚滚向东流。
The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
过去进行时was/were doing 1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示)He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行They were still working when I left.3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示过去将来动作He said she was arriving the next day.现在完成时has/have done 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,说话时已完成的动作。
高考英语一轮总复习 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(教师用书)教案 北师大版-北师大版高三全册英语教案
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(一)动词的时态Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award,proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.解析:首先确定该动词为主句的谓语动词;其次根据宾语从句的谓语动词had以及上下文的时态等为一般过去时,故该谓语动词应使用一般过去时;最后,主语和谓语动词之间构成主动关系。
2.(2019·北京卷)On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced (voice) my biggest concern to my mother.解析:考查动词的时态。
本句叙述的是过去的事情,用一般过去时,故填voiced。
3.(2019·北京卷)Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question suggests/suggested/has_suggested (suggest) that,for most students,it doesn't.解析:考查动词的时态。
本文的主题时态是一般现在时,主语是research,可以用suggests;又可以表示“研究已经表明了”,用现在完成时,可以填has suggested;又可以表示“研究过去表明了”,可以用一般过去时,填suggested。
4.(2019·浙江卷)One study in America found that students' grades improved (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.解析:考查时态和语态。
高中时态语态归纳总结导学案高考英语一轮复习
谓语动词的时态语态一、不同时态、语态谓语动词形式(以动词do为例)二、不同时态的用法总结Part I一般时态三、被动语态时态语态专练一.画出下列句子(包括从句)中的谓语动词,并写出其时态语态。
1.This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab.2. She is studying at an American high school for a year.3. My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school.4. You should encourage your friend to try new hobbies.5. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Urus family on an island for three days.6. I’ve been studying English since primary school.7. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.8. One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.9. Foreign aid is being organized for the tsunamihit countries.10. China’s ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times.11. Some of the symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.12. Listening to English radio programme helps me to get used to an English language environment.13. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics.14. A mittee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.15. Nearly 500,000 highquality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994.16. Billions of trees are being cut down every day to make paper for humans.17. I sincerely hope that you will be admitted to your ideal university.18. When I was a little child, I once said to my grandmother that I would buy her a big house. 二.用括号里动词的正确形式填空1. A meeting _____________(hold) in Nanjing from March 22 to 24, 2023.2. Then, one day in 1945, Marcel ____________(give) another opportunity by the mountain.3. Since then, Marcel __________(make) mountain climbing his life’s work.4. Spending too much time online ________(make) it difficult to focus on other things in life.5. When I got to the theater, I found out that the tickets __________________________(sell out).6. In the last few years, thousands of films ________________________(produce) all over the world.7. In the near future, more advances in science technology _______________________(make) by scientists.8. The experts are discussing how the cultural relics can _________(save).9. With the help of my teacher, I __________(make) great progress in English so far.10. Tom _________(visit) his grandparents every weekend.11. The problem ______________(solve) sooner or later.12. I ______________(do) my homework in my room as usual when I heard someone screaming.13. The pany _____________(develop) a new app and it will appear on the market next year.14. I went to Ningxia and __________(stay) there for a year.15. Could I use your car? Mine ________________(repair) in the garage now.16. The book __________________(translate) into many languages since it _____________(publish) in 1973.17. He promised that he_____________(marry) me, but three months later he went abroad.18. An autumn outing _______________(hold) next Friday by our school to enrich our school life .19. The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) ____________(form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundreds of rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs.20. Rescue workers ___________(train) to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other supplies.21. In 1961, the first temple __________(move) by German engineers.22. When the project ended in 1980, it ___________(consider) a great success.23. This semester is about to end. M y parents and I ______________(travel) to Xi’an this winter vocation.24. On most Sundays, the sounds of hammers and other tools striking stones can ____________(heard) in Xochiaca, an ancient village in Mexico.25. The ChineseCanadian _______(win) the 18th International Chopin Piano petition in Warsaw in 2021 at the age of 24.。
【高三一轮复习语法】动词的时态与语态(共28张ppt)
②在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来(主将从现)。 If you leave tomorrow , I'll see you at the airport. 如果你明天走,我到机场送你。 When she comes, I'll tell her about it. 她来时我将把这件事告诉她。 (2)现在进行时表将来 现在进行时表示将来,往往是指计划好或准备要做的事。一些表示动作 转换的动词,如go, come, leave, start, begin,stay,take off,arrive等,或 者也称为位移性动词,其进行时表示马上要做某事。
• He used to get up early . 过去他总是早起。(现在不这样了) • He will be used to getting up early . 他将会习惯早起。 • Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。
(三)一般将来时
1、表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用的时间状语有later(on), soon, in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow等。 I shall be eighteen years old next year. 明年我就十八岁了。 2、一般将来时的其它表示形式 (1)一般现在时表将来 ①按照计划或时刻表要发生的事情。 The new library opens next month. 新图书馆下月开放。 The plane takes off at 3:00 P.m. 飞机于下午三点起飞。
We are about to discuss this problem.我们将马上讨论这个问题。 They were about to leave when the telephone rang. 他们正要离开时电 话响了。
动词时态、语态和主谓一致+讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习
动词时态、语态和主谓一致高三英语一轮复习考点剖析-动词时态、语态和主谓一致考点一:考查过去进行时例1.I first met Lily five years ago. She ________ (work) as a nurse in a hospital at the time.【答案】was working【解析】考查时态。
句意:我五年前第一次见到莉莉。
她当时正在一所医院里做护士。
根据句意和时间状语at the time 可知,这里用过去进行时,强调过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,主语为she,谓语用单数。
故填was working。
考点二:考查一般过去时例2.He picked up his book and ________ reading even though it was already midnight. (continuous)【答案】continued【解析】考查时态。
句意:他拿起书继续阅读,尽管已经是午夜了。
所给单词continuous是形容词,表示“持续的”,分析句子机构,空处与picked并列作谓语,应用动词continue,表示“继续”,根据picked使用过去式形式可知,句子使用一般过去时,动词应用过去式形式continued。
故填continued。
考点三:考查现在进行时例3.—Hi, Jessy. Why are you going to work on foot today?—Well, my car ________. (repair)【答案】is being repaired【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——你好,杰西。
你今天为什么要步行去上班?——嗯,我的车正在修理。
根据句意提到步行上班可知,此处表示:车在修理中,时态用现在进行时,主语my car与repair(修理)之间为被动关系,所以用现在进行时的被动语态。
主语my car为单数,be动词用is。
考点四:考查现在完成时例4.The city ________ (recognize) as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century, home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven.【答案】has been recognized【解析】考查时态语态。
高考英语全程一轮总复习第一讲动词的时态语态和主谓一致
3.熟记固定句型中的时态 (1)be doing...when...,主句常用过去进行时,从句常用一般过去时; (2)It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已经……”,主
句用现在完成时或一般现在时,从句用一般过去时; (3)祈使句+and/or+陈述句,陈述句常用一般将来时。 4.分清主动与被动,辨析语态 看到动词为及物动词,后面缺少宾语,要想到用被动语态。
答案与解析:has increased 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 “since 2019”可知,空处应用现在完成时;主语“The use of those plastics”和increase 为主动关系;且主语表单数概念。故填has increased。
6 . Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like— frequently by plane—__________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.[2022·浙江卷1月为例)
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般时 do/does
高考英语一轮复习英语语法专题复习:时态和语态课件
语法知识
英语语法框架
音素★
语音 词法
音节 五种语音现象★ 九大词类 动词★ 词汇搭配 八种句子成分
时态 两大语态 三类非谓语动词
四类句子
句法
五种简单句
并列句
名词性从句
复合句★ 定语从句
特殊句式★ 状语从句
主谓一致
CONTENTS
时态与语态
• 一般时态 • 进行时态 • 完成时态 • 完成进行时态 • 主动语态 • 被动语态
now
future
将来完成进行时 will/shall have been doing
• 动作在某种情况下一直持续到将来某个时间仍未结束。 By the end of this year he will have been acting for thirty years.
将来进行时态
用法: ① 将来某个时间正在进行的动作,或会延续到将来的动作
What will you be ① 常和时间状语then, at that time/moment等连用。
语态是通过动词的变化表现出来的。
doing
at
this
time
next
Monday.
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
B. takes
C. is taking
D. has taken
B off at
【解析】考查时态。飞机、火车等按时刻表运行,表达时用一般现 在时表示将来。
一般过去时
(1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作。 He proposed to Sarah on their annivesary.
(2) 过去某段时间的状态。 I loved him.
2021届课标版高考英语一轮复习教师用书:第二部分专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
第二部分语法知识贯通专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致考点1 一般时一般现在时(do/does式) ★★★典例1 [2019安徽安庆二模改编,61]New year in Chinese people’s eyes means a family reunion. Every year (see) the largest annual mass migration on the planet when one sixth of the world’s population travel home to celebrate with their families.句意:在中国人眼中,新年意味着家人团聚,每年世界上六分之一的人回家与家人一起庆祝,这是地球上最大规模的年度人口迁移。
根据Every year 可知,此处应用一般现在时;再结合句意可知,主语是Every year,此处是拟人化的用法,see在此处表示"遭受,历经",故用其第三人称单数形式。
sees典例2 [2019河北邢台高三检测,61]An hour of swimming (burn) almost as many calories as an hourof running.句意:游泳一小时消耗的卡路里与跑步一小时消耗的几乎一样多。
此处叙述的是客观事实,因此用一般现在时。
burns一般过去时(did式) ★★★典例3 [2020河北石家庄摸底考试,61]Translated fiction sales in the United Kingdom (rise) by 5.5 percent last year, with a growing demand for Chinese titles, said Nielsen Book on Wednesday.句意:Nielsen Book周三表示,去年英国的翻译小说销量增长了5.5%,对中文图书的需求不断增长。
高考英语一轮复习语法总结讲义
一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点:1.表达将来时的形式:(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中,一般现在时代替将来时,但要注意区别从句的类型,如:I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。
(宾语从句)比较:I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。
(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时,如:See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语:(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句,主句用过去完成时。
如:We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句,主句用将来完成时。
如:By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months,主句用现在完成时,如:The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中,主句更多的时候不用完成时。
2023届高三英语一轮复习谓语动词的时态和语态复习讲义
一、时态的数轴的思维导图have been de nghave done动词的时态和语态will do had donewill have done Past pastis doingpresentwill be doing future would have d ( ne考点一、现在时一、一般现在时1.含义1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
I leave home fbr school at 7 every morning.2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the cast of China.3)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.4) not....until....as...hen, before, after, not....until....等)、条件状语从句(if, unless, as long as...)中常用一般现在时表示将来Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow ,we will have a trip on schedule.2.常用的时间状语频率副词:often, usually, sometimes, always, seldom, hardly, never2)短语:every (day 等),once/twice a (week 等),on (Sunday 等),in the (morning 等),at (eight) , now and then, from time to timeHe usually goes to school by bike.3.谓语切词形式:do/does.谓语动词的被动语态:am/is/are doneIn the spoken English of some areas in the U.S, the " r" sounds at the end of the words arc dropped.练习:用所给单词的适当形式填空How close parents are to their children(have) a strong influence on the development of the children's characters.1.If your call is not answered within two minutes, you(advise) to hang up and dial again.2.We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours(work) miracle.3.It(turn) out that making a plan is easier than carrying it out.4.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, (allow) more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.二、现在进行时.定义1)表示说话时正在进行的动作及行为;2)表示现阶段(近段时间)正在进行的动作。
高考英语时态和语态详解
高考英语时态和语态详解动词的时态和语态一、时态1、一般现在时(do/does; is/am/are)①表示现在的情况、状态或特征。
例:He is a student.他是一个学生。
②表示经常性、习惯性动作。
例:He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。
③客观事实和普遍真理。
例:The earth moves the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词,可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。
常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
⑤在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将的来事情。
(即:主将从现原则)例:I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.我一到机场就会给你打电话。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。
2、现在进行时(am/is/are doing)①表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。
例:He is listning to the music now.他现在正在听音乐。
②表示目前一段时间内一直在做的事情,但不一定此时此刻正在做。
例:I am studying computer this term.这个学期我一直在学习计算机。
③现在进行时可以表示将来的含义。
瞬时动词的进行一定表将来。
例:I am leaving.我要离开了。
持续动词的进行只有有将来的时间状语或有将来语境中才表将来。
例:I am travelling next month.下个月我要去旅行。
高考英语语法:动词的时态和语态
高考英语语法:动词的时态和语态一、一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态,常用的时间状语有:always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week等。
2、表示眼下或当前等现在时间所发生的动作或存有的状态,这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题,故事的叙述,小说、戏剧、*等情节介绍,图片的说明等。
5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作,只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come等动词。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中,表示将来的动作。
注意:一般现在时能够用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中,表示现在正在发生的动作或存有的状态。
Here comes the bus!How it rains!二、一般过去时1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态,与现在没相关系。
常用的时间状语有:yesterday, last night, at that time等。
2、表示在过去某一段时间里反复出现的动作或状态,与现在没相关系。
3、用used to do或would do表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
4、有些情况发生的时间没清楚表明,但实际上是“刚才,刚刚”发生的,属于过去时间,应使用过去时态。
常见的有I didn’t know…或I forgot…等。
5、一般过去时可与today, this week, this month等时间状语连用。
三、一般将来时1、will/shall do(1)表示将来会出现的动作或状态。
常用的时间状语:this evening, tomorrow, next week/month…,at the end of this term, in a few minutes等。
高三英语一轮复习谓语动词总复习时态语态课件
填空
1. The twin brothers _w__il_l_g_o_ (go) fishing next Tuesday. 2. We __w_i_ll_m__e_e_t_ (meet) outside the school gate tomorrow. 3. — How _w_i_ll_ they _v_is_it_ (visit) the History Museum next week?
02
结构
have/has + done
have/has + done
句子翻译(肯定、否定、一般疑问、特殊疑问)
他在中国居住了30年。
He has lived in China for 30 years.
03
动词的变化 have/has + done
规则变化
动词词尾直接加-ed
work—worked
一般现在时
• 一般现在时谓语动词的变化
• 第三人称单数
“非你,非我,非复数”
• 原形
一般现在时
• 结构: (肯,否,一般,特殊疑问) be(is/am/are)
红色很漂亮。 实义动词(根据需要变三单,无则原形)
他居住在一个小房子里。
一般现在时
• 被动语态: • Is/am/are + 过去分词
一轮第8讲
动词
A quiz
n. v. adj. adv. pron.
名词 动词 形容词 副词 代词
conj. prep. int. art. num.
连词 介词 感叹词 冠词 数词
表动作或状态的词。
动词
谓语动词;非谓语动词。
高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考):第07讲 谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(讲义) (原卷版)
第07讲谓语动词的时态和语态和主谓一致(讲义)【复习目标】掌握时态和语态的结构和基本用法熟练运用时间状语以及上下文确定动词的时态和语态掌握一些固定句式中时态和语态的用法牢记“4”原则来解决时态问题并运用逻辑方法解决语态问题掌握主谓一致“3”原则【考情分析】近年高考真题谓语动词考点细目表近五年谓语动词题型命题规律谓语动词的时态、语态是历年高考的必考点。
高考中主要考查大纲要求的八种时态及其被动语态。
对时态的考查以“情景立意”为主,重在考查学生在具体语境下运用各种时态的能力。
动词时态:以现在时、过去时和完成时的考查为主,语态的考查主要集中在和时态的综合情景运用及特殊用法上。
被动语态:重点掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
主谓一致:掌握语法一致、就近原则和意义一致原则。
在解题中应当把握各种时态的特点,注意易混淆时态间的差异;准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义,捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息;要克服汉语式的惯性思维,排除误导,培养发散性思维。
【网络构建】过去将来时would/should dowas/were going to dowas/were(about)to dowould/should be donewas/were going to be donewas/were(about)to be doneNo. 1 一般现在时构成:一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示,如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加s或es,其变化规则如下表所示:情况规则例词一般情况加-s eat→eats, rise→rises以s, sh, ch, x,o, z结尾的动词加-es discuss→discusses;teach→teaches以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i加-es carry→carries;fly→flies注意:be的变化:am, is, are。
have的变化:has (第三人称单数)。
高考英语一轮复习 语法基础 考点六 动词的时态和语态
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校考点六动词的时态和语态限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1.As is known to all, the sun ________ (rise) in the east and ________ (set) in the west day after day.答案:rises; sets 句意:众所周知,太阳东升西落,日复一日。
表示客观事实、客观规律要用一般现在时。
2.Tom ________ (cry) again and again and we can't bear him anymore.答案:is crying 句意:Tom一直在哭泣,我们再也忍受不了他。
进行时与某些副词连用可表示说话人的一种强烈的感情,如厌恶、欣赏、钦佩等。
3.It has been three years since we ________ (come) here.答案:came 句意:自从我们来到这儿已经三年了。
since+含有一般过去时的句子/表过去的时间点,主句或句子常用现在完成时。
4.By the time he was nine, Tom ________ (master) a foreign language.答案:had mastered 句意:到九岁时,汤姆已经精通了一门外语。
by the time表示“到……的时候”,引导时间状语从句时,如果从句用一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时。
5.It is the first time that I ________ (go) abroad.答案:have gone 句意:这是我第一次出国。
“That/This/It is the first/second/third ...time (that) ...”句型中,从句常用现在完成时。
6.More than one customer ________ (express) their dissatisfaction with the service of the restaurant so far.答案:has expressed 句意:到目前为止,不止一个顾客表达了他们对那家餐厅服务的不满。
高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考):第07讲 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(练) (解析版)
第08讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(模拟精练+真题演练)养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
用单词的适当形式填空1. (2023届江苏省南通徐州市等5地高三三模试题) China is known as the home of tea. It is said that Shennong discover tea around 2700 B.C.At first, tea leaves ________ (chew).【答案】were chewed【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:起初,茶叶被咀嚼。
此处在句中作谓语,句子描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,主语tea leaves和动词chew是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动,主语是复数,故填were chewed。
2.(2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期五调试题)The new regulation, which came into force starting from March l,2023,______ (prohibit) six kinds of behaviors that harm ancient tea plants and_their growing envi ronment.【答案】prohibits【解析】考查谓语动词的时态、主谓一致。
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动词的时态和语态时态一般现在时(1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。
(2)可用在由if,unless引导的条件状语从句,由even/if/though引导的让步状语从句,由when,before,until/till,as soon as,the moment引导的时间状语从句,由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever,whoever等引导的让步状语从句中,这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。
I’ll go with you as soon as I finish it.我一做完,就与你一同去。
Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。
一般过去时表示“刚才,在过去”之意,暗示现在已“不再这样”。
—Your phone number again?I didn’t quite catch it.——再重述一下你的电话号码好吗?我没记下来。
—It’s 9568686.——是9568686。
一般将来时(1)“will+动词原形”表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。
Fish will die without water.离开水,鱼就会死。
(2)“be going to+动词原形”可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。
Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看那乌云,要下雨了。
(3)“be about to+动词原形”表示立即的将来,很少与时间状语连用。
The train is about to start.火车就要开了。
(4)位移动词如come,go,arrive等,其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事,现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。
I arrive in Beijing at 3∶00 p.m.tomorrow.明天下午三点我会到达北京。
He is coming.他将要来。
They are leaving for Tibet.他们将要去西藏。
(5)be to +动词原形①表示计划,安排。
When are you to leave for New York?你计划什么时候去纽约?②表示指令,相当于should。
You are to report it to the police.你应该把这事报告给警察。
③表示“打算,想要”。
If we are to be there before ten,we’ll have to go now.若我们想在十点前到,我们现在就得走。
现在/过去进行时(1)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。
I first met Lisa three years ago,she was working at a shop then.我第一次遇见莉莎是在3年前,那时她正在一家商店工作。
—Hey,look where you are going!——嘿,看看你往哪儿走!—Oh,I’m terribly sorry.I wasn’t noticing.——噢!非常抱歉!我没注意。
(2)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情感,常与always,continually,constantly连用。
He is always thinking of others first.(表赞赏)他总是先为别人着想。
He is always making the same mistake. (表厌烦)他总是犯同样的错误。
(3)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。
I don’t really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作,我只是在帮忙,新秘书来了我就走。
(暂时性)Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事因为技术变化太快。
(“变化”尚未完成)(4)表示按计划、安排要做的事。
I’ve won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。
我计划带着我妈妈去。
(计划)(5)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。
—Is this raincoat yours?——这是你的雨衣吗?—No,mine is hanging there behind the door.——不是,我的在门后挂着呢。
现在完成时(1)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.除非我亲眼看到,我是不会相信你的。
Please don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.车未停,请不要下车。
(2)It/This is/will be the first(last,second,third...)time that...和It/This is the best(worst,most interesting)+n.+that...结构的从句要求用现在完成时。
This is the first time that I’ve heard her sing.这是我第一次听她唱歌。
It’s the best film I’ve ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。
过去完成时(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when;No sooner had...done...than...中从句用一般过去时。
Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.我刚到家,天就下起了倾盆大雨。
No sooner had we started than the car got a flat tyre.我们刚出发,轮胎就爆了。
(2)表示愿望、打算类的词,如hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think等,用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。
I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.我本打算帮助你,但当时我太忙了。
现在完成进行时(1)表示一个从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。
I’ve been waiting for an hour but she still hasn’t come.我已等了一个小时,但她还没有来。
(2)表示动作刚刚结束(有时指出结果)。
My clothes are wet.I’ve been walking in the rain.我的衣服湿了,我一直走在雨中。
(3)表示重复(指断断续续,而非一直不停)。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks.两个星期以来她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。
语态被动语态使用要点不及物动词不能用于被动语态如appear,rise,die,happen,belong to,break out,take place等。
Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.(误)Great changes have taken place in my hometown. (正)我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。
表示状态的动词不用于被动语态如lack,fit,mean,hold,have,cost,contain,become,last,possess,consist of,look like 等。
The book costs 10 yuan.这本书花了10元钱。
What’s become of her?她怎么了?主动形式表被动的几种情况(1)某些感官动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义,如look,smell,taste,feel,prove,wear,sound等。
The flower smells sweet.花闻起来很香。
The dish tastes delicious.菜吃起来非常可口。
(2)在主语是物的句子里,有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义,这些词后常有副词修饰。
常用的这类动词有sell,read,write,wear,wash,open,clean,cook,keep,cut,fill,blow,measure,lock,run,record,begin,shut等。
This type of recorder sells well.这种型号的录音机销路很好。
He doesn’t photograph well.他不太上相。
This kind of shirt cleans easily.这种衬衫容易洗干净。
(3)动名词主动形式表示被动意义通常是事物(也可以是人)作want,need, require,deserve等动词的主语时,表示事物(或人)客观上“需要……”,用动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义。
若动名词是不及物的,后面还应有相应的介词。
The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。
这种用法还可把动名词改为动词不定式的被动形式来表被动。
The children need to be looked after.(4)在作表语的某些形容词(easy,difficult,light,heavy,fit,good,safe,comfortable,dangerous,pleasant等)后作状语用的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
She is easy to approach.她平易近人。
The rock is hard to break.这块岩石很难打碎。
不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略在主动语态中,如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词,这个动词前往往不用to,但在被动语态中要带to。
I saw her pass by the window.我看见她从窗边经过。
She was seen to pass by the window.她被看见从窗边经过。