2019高考写作指导-《概要写作》方式及技巧
高考英语完作文概要写作答题技巧
高考英语完作文概要写作答题技巧（名师精讲解题技巧与方法，值得下载）概要写作要求读懂所给的阅读材料，用自己的语言高度概括文章的主要内容和观点，有三个步骤：1阅读a.把握文章体裁。
概要写作的前提是要理解原文。
首先，通读原文，把握文章体裁、中心思想和整体结构，根据文章的体裁特点来决定内容的取舍，可以从以下方面的内容(见下表)入手。
▲不同体裁文章的要点b.画出主题句或关键词，主题句一般出现在段首或段尾。
在找到主题句后，要分析主题句的意义，进一步确定衬托主题句的一些关键词（组）如动词、名词等。
c.整合概括大意。
根据阅读时获取的信息、主题句或关键词(组)等，对相关的内容进行整合，理清各层次、要点之间的关系，用自己的语言把词(组)扩展成句，归纳出各段落的大意，也就是表达的要点。
2写作概要写作不是对原文的简单复述，而是在透彻理解原文的基础上，对原文进行高度的概括。
注意以下几点：a.准确。
准确理解原文包括对原文中每个要点及与之相关的“一些重要论据，句子的理解等。
概要写作必须绝对忠实于原文，既不能遗漏任何要点，也不能随意添加内容。
概要写作的时态顺应与原文的时态，顺序一致。
由于概要写作是转述别人的事情或观点，所以，不管原文使用何种人称概要写作一般都要用第三人称。
b.客观。
在进行概要写作时，要依据原文作者的观点，客观地转述文中的要点，不要把自己个人的观点和看法掺杂进去，不要使用“ I think”和“ I believe”等主观性的词句。
由于概要写作不允许照抄原文中的句子，因此，可采用句型转换、同义词转化、语态互换等手法将原文中的句子进行改头换面，达到“雁过不留痕”的效果。
如可用单个词汇替换具有相同语法功能的单词和词组：用determine代替“ make up ones mind”;用therefore和to等表示逻辑意义的连接词代替较长的词组“ as a result”和“ in order to”等。
c.简洁。
由于概要写作的词数有限，所以，可以采取削“枝”去“叶”的方法来减少词数。
完整word版2019高考写作指导 概要写作方式及技巧
高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
原文以说明文、议论文为主，概要，基本就是段落大意。
每段用一句话概括，或者两段一个大意，最多用两句话概括。
（一）高分要诀1•概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落人思o2•各要点的表达既要相对独立，又要有适当的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
3•所用句型力求简单，安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
4 •不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
此外，在写作时，要尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。
例如，尽量少用关系代词whrh,who 等引导的定语从句，而采用动词-hg 形式和过去分词做定语。
5•多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。
注意要点之间的衔接。
概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇：（二）高分三注意期J除细节提炼*刪除具体例子（引用一两个说明问题即可）4免重复I整台同义转换:近义词、同义词等替换.句子璽构:调整词类、时态、语态等逻辑:街接（照应、替代、谷路、连接和词汇衔谖）G）成篇三步骤1•阅读（1）认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。
⑵画出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要;对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。
(3)简要地记下主要观点一一主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。
2•写作(1)尽量用自己的话完成，不要直接引用原文的句子。
⑵应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序，这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。
高中英语：概要写作--说明文型概要写作
说明文型概要写作写作技巧点拨(一)说明文型概要写作技巧：1.判定结构：判定说明文框架结构；2.浓缩文章：根据结构抓关键词，替换提炼关键词；3.客观表达：概要写作只能写原文作者的观点；4.高级表达：语言表达要多用高级句式。
(二)说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板：1.描写某事物的性质功能。
即“对象＋性质功能＋利弊”：In the passage the writer introduces...to us，especially its...(性质或功能)，from which we know...(对象带来的利弊)。
2.针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。
即“问题＋解决方法”：The passage lists/indicates...(问题) and brings forth several measures/solutions to solve the problem，which includes...(方法1)，...(方法2) and...(方法3)。
3.介绍某现象及其原因、结果。
即“现象＋原因＋结果”：The author talks about...It is caused by...As a result/Consequently，...或：The author/writer states/presents(陈述/呈现) the phenomenon of...，because/but...(原因1/本质1)，and...(原因2/本质2)。
典例剖析阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Over the past few years，there has been a big increase in the number of people sharing information online.In this article，we will learn about some positive reasons for people to share information online.We often share information with our friends in the office or at home to educate，entertain，or pleasantly surprise them.In this way，we can connect with others.This is also true while sharing information online.If you look at the Facebook of your friends，you will realize that most of their updates are usually famous quotes，entertaining videos，inspirational images，funny jokes，etc.94% of those surveyed by The Ne w York Times said they put a lot of thoughts into how the content they are sharing will be beneficial to others.A lot of people share information online to picture their true self to the outside world.Some people，especially those who are shy and not comfortably talking about their areas of interest in the presence of others，find it extremely convenient to share that information online with others.According to the study,78% of the people said they shared information online because it helpsthem develop better relationships.Today，people are so busy that they do not have the time to meet each other personally.A lot of people now “meet” each other online，rather than in places like restaurants and pubs.Lastly，when we share our thoughts online，we are actively communicating with a large number of people who are a part of the World Wide Web.Sharing information will affect the viewpoints of others，or add to their understanding about the world.思路点拨通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文。
高中英语概要写作题型解读与技巧
概要写作题型解读与技巧第一部分概要写作总体介绍1.题型介绍◆选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;(2)所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
◆评分参考阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;(3)上下文的连贯性;(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低;所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
2考查能力概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
第二部分概要写作步骤和方法一．概括的写作步骤：1. 确定主题句。
确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。
没有主题句的需要自己组合。
2. 寻找关键词。
分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。
3. 重构主题句。
概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。
可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。
4. 重组支撑句。
支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。
口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。
(括：概括性。
见：间接引语。
短：短的连词。
细腻：细节和例子)二．写概括的具体方法A.定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时;如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时;不过，模板的开头语一般为现在时如The passage tells us that----- - --.B.定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作。
英语概要写作的技巧
英语概要写作的技巧
1、整体把握全文
为了更好的进行全文的一个概括以及更好的对全文的主旨有一定的把握，我们首先要做的一步就是要在整体上对文章有一个把握，从而可以更好的抽取有用的信息。
2、分出文章的主次、详略
为了更好地找到文章的主次、详略之处，最重要的一点就是要学会阅读。
因此，在英语教学的过程中，英语老师要加强学生在阅读能力方面的培养，使其可以更好的分清文章主次详略要点。
3、整理大意，开始写作
在进行了文章整体主旨把握，并对文章的主次详略要点进行了一定程度的分析后，在整理好文章的大致大意之后，就可以开始动笔写作了，这是最后也同样是最关键的一步。
因为，在最终成文的过程中，要特别注意对英语正确性的应用。
1。
(word完整版)2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解(2)
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力3、考查归纳总结的能力4、考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇•4）完全使用自己的语言•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
（三）写作方法Step 1. 确定体裁，明确主题Step 2. 明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿Step 5. 润色成文1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词① 同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important ）②） ③ 句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3) 衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。
增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解说课材料
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力4、 考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右• 2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点• 3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇• 4）完全使用自己的语言• 5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
（三）写作方法（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。
增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I hea rd no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I t hought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on eac h other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解上课讲义
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力4、 考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右• 2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点• 3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇• 4）完全使用自己的语言• 5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
（三）写作方法（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。
增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I hea rd no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I t hought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on eac h other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。
完整word版2019高考写作指导 概要写作方式及技巧
高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。
每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。
(一)高分要诀1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。
这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。
2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。
3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。
4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语which,who等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。
5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。
注意要点之间的衔接。
承接过渡让步过渡列举过渡目的过渡first of allfirst as soon as second with the aim althoughas a matter of thirdit is true...that offactin the first place even though for the sake so to speak initially of course of however to start with certainly with a view as it were furthermore admittedly today after day in addition indeed for the year in and year moreover true purpose of outs more 'what finally理由时间总结举例sinceaccording to by virtue of as an all in allbefore illustration so to summarize since for instance given in summary as one example as a result of in conclusion untilfor example because (of) as ameanwhile due to just as consequence at the moment in particular in view of lastlywhen on account of such as by and large whenever namely owing to finally as soon as to illustrate the reason why consequently just as in other words a case in point to sum up lead totake...for hencefor this reason表示时间表示强调比较总括过渡词at times as a rule similarly after above all as far as I am similar to afterwards after all concerned the same as in factfrom then on as for me accordingly immediately particularly economically both...aslaterthat is speaking at the same time anyway meanwhile generally in the same chiefly next speakingmannernow even worse in my opinion in a similar way until more often in my view in commonthan thatwhile in some then总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较respectsobviouslymostin common on a large scaleequally important of on a personalimportant levelallfor one needless to practicallything...for sayspeakinganother simplistically no doubtlikewise to be surespeakingto take the ideafurther)(二高分三注意(三)成篇三步骤1.阅读(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。
(完整word)2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力3、考查归纳总结的能力4、考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇•4）完全使用自己的语言•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
（三）写作方法Step 1. 确定体裁，明确主题Step 2. 明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿Step 5. 润色成文1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词① 同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important ）②） ③ 句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3) 衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。
增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。
2019届高考英语写作指导
写作要有得分亮点:能熟练应用非谓语、定语从句(高中重点)，另外，倒装句、强调句等一些固定搭配，词组，连词和短语不可或缺。
第一篇：应用文写作应用文的类型：书信作文格式例文：[书信作文写作模版1]1.保持书信格式---地址，日期，称谓，落款2.根据内容确定文体----建议，劝说，说明，申请，投诉，介绍；商榷/讨论；描绘/叙述；致谢，致歉…3.牢记常用模版和句式重点句式：Give my best regards to sb ! I’m looking forward to hearing from you instantly. sincerely/ faithfully…A Letter of Application for a JobMay 25, 2017Dear Sirs,I am looking for a position in an engineering department in which I may use my training in computer science to solve engineering problems. I would be interested in exploring the possibility of obtaining such a position within your firm.I expect to receive a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from Tangshan Institute of Technology in June. Since September 2013 I have been participating, through my institute, in the Professional Training Program as Programmer Trainee and have gained a great deal of experience in computer applications. Details of the academic courses I have taken are contained in the enclosed resume.May I have an appointment for an interview with you to discuss my qualifications in detail? Please write to me at my home or telephone me at 221701 any weekday.Sincerely,Zhang LinA Speech on Tele-educationLadies and Gentlemen,With the rapid development of science and technology, tele-education has sped up in our country. While many people speak highly of its advantages, others see more disadvantages deriving from it.The advocates of tele-education give their arguments as follows. For one thing, tele-education makes it possible for people in remote areas to learn the subjects they are interested in. For another, people have a wider range of choices as to teachers and lessons through tele-education, because they can listen to the best lessons by the best teachers in the country, or even in the world.Just as “Every advantage has its disadvantages”, the opponents believe that not all the people have access to tele-education because many are poor. In addition, the students cannot contact teachers, but interpersonal relations are important to their study.As far as I am concerned, we should develop tele-education more rapidly to benefit more students. Meanwhile, we can design some programs to help teachers and students to contact each other.Thank you for being with me. Good-bye.第二篇：读后续写写作一、评分原则：1. 本题总分为25 分，按5 个档次给分。
高考英语概要写作方法技巧(7页)
高考英语概要写作方法技巧概要写作以语篇为载体，要求考生对所提供的文本进行简要的概括。
提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
写作方法Step 1：确定体裁，明确主题Step 2：明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3：划主题句与关键信息Step 4：写纲要，打草稿Step 5：润色成文1.找准体裁，提炼要点①保留关键句要点，按体裁和内容②删除细节（删除具体例子，或归纳总结例子的过程、作用和结果），避免重复按体裁如下：记叙文，主要信息应包括：When? Where? Who? What? Why? How(时间先后顺序/事情发展顺序)? Result议论文，作者的观点。
作者如何论证自己的观点的 (举例证明的，归纳总结例证的内容和作用)结构①：原文【总-分/总-分-总（末段与首段观点相同）】→【总-分】结构②：原文【总-分-总（末段与首段观点相反）】→【总-分-总（加衔接词表转折关系）】结构③：原文【并列结构（段与段的观点并列、递进或相反）→【并列结构（加衔接词表并列/转折逻辑关系）】说明文，【解释一个理论】那么这个理论的特点和实际用途是什么？【解释一项实验等】实验的目的、对象、结果分别是什么？2.语言：同义词&词组替换；句式简化；句子重构①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例: improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3.衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词①替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand②省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。
概要写作
【写作指导】 概要写作选材特点： 概要写作所选阅读材料用简洁的语言进行简要概 括，提炼出文章的主要内容，写出一篇60词左 右的内容概要。所选材料体裁没有限制，以说 明文、议论文、记叙文为主。
【解题方法】
1. 通读全文，理解文章大意或找出主题句
在概要写作的练习中，学生运用略读 (skimming) 的方法归纳大意，也可通过找 主题句获取大意；尤其要通读第一段和结 尾段，主题句出现在这两段中的可能性较 大，只有在个别的情况下才会放在文章的 中间位置。
2. 细读文本，概括段落大意
在掌握全文大意后，学生可找出每段的中 心句或试着自己概括段落大意。确定每段 大意可以为概要写作作好铺垫，确保要点 齐全、概括精准。
3. 抓住要点，省略细节、重复和例子
学生只需概括原文中的主要事实，同时去掉 例子、略去不必要的细节、删除那些突出强 调的重复句。
4. 对要点内容进行适当改写
学生不可抄写原文中的句子，而应该运用 所学的语言知识，用自己的语言对各要点 进行改写。
5. 使用短小的连接词
在找齐并改写完要点之后，学生应思考怎样 用适当的连接词把各个要点连接起来，从而 使行文连贯，切忌简单地列出几个互不相干 的句子。在概要写作过程中，学生应尽量选 用一些短小的连接词，如but、then、thus、 yet、though、therefore、while等，而尽量不 使用at the same time、in the first place、on the other hand等短语。
高中英语概要写作
三、并列 as well as也 not only... but(also)...不但……而且……
五、例证 in one’s opinion 在某人看来 that is (to say) 也就是说 namely即 as a matter of fact/in fact 事实上 for example/for instance 例如 六、因果 thanks to多亏了 as a result结果
because of/as a result of/on account of/due to 因为/由于 owing to多亏 for this reason 由于这个原因
七、目的 for the purpose of 目的是…… so as to 为了…… in order that=in order to 为了……
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方 面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以 考虑。
6. 如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一 个档次。
(二)各档次的给分范围和要求
档次
描述
——理解准确,涵盖全部要点。 第五档 ——能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。 (21-25) ——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使所完
一、顺序 first, second, third首先、第二、第三 firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally 首先、第二、第三、最后
to begin with, then, furthermore, finally 首先、然后、此外、最后
2019高考写作指导-《概要写作》方式及技巧(汇编)
高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。
每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。
(一)高分要诀1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。
这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。
2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。
3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。
4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
此外,在写作时,要尽量使用短句,慎用长难句。
例如,尽量少用关系代词which,who 等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。
5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。
注意要点之间的衔接。
概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇:列举过渡目的过渡让步过渡承接过渡first of allfirstsecondthirdin the first place initiallyto start with furthermorein addition moreover what’s more finally with the aimoffor the sakeofwith a viewtofor thepurpose ofalthoughit is true...thateven thoughof coursecertainlyadmittedlyindeedtrueas soon asas a matter offactso to speakhoweveras it wereday after dayyear in and yearout举例理由时间总结as an illustration for instance one example for example just asin particular such as namelyto illustratea case in point take...for sinceby virtue ofsogivenas a result ofbecause (of)due toin view ofon account ofowing tothe reason whyin other wordslead tofor this reasonbeforesinceasuntilmeanwhileat the momentwhenwheneveras soon asjust asaccording toall in allto summarizein summaryin conclusionas aconsequencelastlyby and largefinallyconsequentlyto sum uphence总括过渡词 表示时间 表示强调 比较as a rule as far as I am concerned as for me economically speaking generally speakingin my opinion in my view in someat times afterafterwards from then on immediately latermeanwhile next now until while thenabove all after all in factparticularly that is anyway chiefly even worse more often than thatsimilarly similar to the same as accordingly both...asat the same time in the same mannerin a similar wayin common总括过渡词 表示时间 表示强调 比较respects obviouslyon a large scale on a personal levelpractically speaking simplistically speakingto take the idea furthermostimportant of allneedless to sayno doubt to be sure in common equally important for one thing...for another likewise(二)高分三注意(三)成篇三步骤 1.阅读(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。
2019年高三英语复习概要写作
概要写作[考纲解读] 提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词（40～80词）左右的内容概要，所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
◆评分参考阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低；所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
◆写作步骤1）细读原文。
首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，明确各段的大意。
2）弄清要求。
新高考的概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。
分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。
在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
概要写作答题技巧指导
概要写作答题技巧指导概要写作是一项综合能力测试，要求学生在350词的文章中概括出60词左右的内容概要。
在完成概要写作时，需要按照以下步骤进行：首先，细读每段文章，找出主题句和关键词，区分主次信息；其次，用自己的语言写出该段要点，采用替换、转换和合并等方式表达；最后，选用恰当的衔接词，将每段要点串联起来，使概要逻辑连贯，衔接自然。
在写作过程中，需要注意准确性，不能乱写，同时要做到简明扼要、意义完整、结构严密和语句通顺。
常用的衔接词有表递进、表因果、表转折、表对比、表时间顺序、表总结和表情感关系。
Summary: XXX。
XXX how in the early 16th century。
people believed that dirt on the skin protected them from disease。
This led to the closure of public XXX。
Over time。
living withdirt became accepted。
with even the XXX.In general。
people view getting rid of XXX。
attitudes towards dirt have not always been so XXX。
In the early 16th century。
medical n held that washing off dirt with hot water could actually make a XXX As a result。
people XXX led to the XXX.Unfortunately。
this attitude towards dirt persisted for centuries。
with both the rich and the poor living with dirt in a friendly way。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》
该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。
每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。
(一)高分要诀
1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。
这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。
2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。
3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。
4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
此外,在写作时,要尽量使用短句,慎用长难句。
例如,尽量少用关系代词which,who 等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。
5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。
注意要点之间的衔接。
概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇:
列举过渡目的过渡让步过渡承接过渡first of all
first
second
third
in the first place initially
to start with furthermore
in addition moreover what’s more finally with the aim
of
for the sake
of
with a view
to
for the
purpose of
although
it is true...that
even though
of course
certainly
admittedly
indeed
true
as soon as
as a matter of
fact
so to speak
however
as it were
day after day
year in and year
out
举例理由时间总结
as an illustration for instance one example for example just as
in particular such as namely
to illustrate
a case in point take...for since
by virtue of
so
given
as a result of
because (of)
due to
in view of
on account of
owing to
the reason why
in other words
lead to
for this reason
before
since
as
until
meanwhile
at the moment
when
whenever
as soon as
just as
according to
all in all
to summarize
in summary
in conclusion
as a
consequence
lastly
by and large
finally
consequently
to sum up
hence
总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较
as a rule
as far as I am concerned
as for me economically speaking generally speaking
in my opinion in my view
in some at times
after
afterwards
from then on
immediately
later
meanwhile
next
now
until
while
then
above all
after all
in fact
particularly
that is
anyway
chiefly
even worse
more often
than that
similarly
similar to
the same as
accordingly
both...as
at the same time
in the same
manner
in a similar way
in common
总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较respects
obviously
on a large scale on a personal level practically speaking simplistically speaking
to take the idea further most
important of
all
needless to
say
no doubt
to be sure
in common
equally
important
for one
thing...for
another
likewise
(二)高分三注意
(三)成篇三步骤
1.阅读
(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。
(2)画出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子;决定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要;对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。
(3)简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。
2.写作
(1)尽量用自己的话完成,不要直接引用原文的句子。
(2)应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序,这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。
(3)写概要写作时可以采用下列几种小技巧:
删除细节,只保留主要观点。
选择一至两个例子:原文中可能包括五个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至两个例子。
把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子:如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子,那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。
避免重复:在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明,但是这在概要写作中是不能使用的;应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。
压缩长句。
附1:概要写作常用句式:
附2:
(1)表示文章的内容以及研究目的
①This paper is aimed at/covers/mainly deals with...
②The article focuses on the topic of...
(2)表示研究的结论
①The result showed that...
②The author found that...
③It was concluded that...
(3)表示推荐、观点或建议
The author suggests/considers that... Suggestions are made for...
3.修改成文。