新目标八年级下册英语Unit4 why don39;t you talk to your parents重点知识讲解

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
Language points
1)allow v.允许；准许
allow doing sth 允许做某事
e.g. We don’t allow smoking in our house. 我们不允许在家里抽烟。

allow sb. （not）to do sth. (不)允许某人做某事（在中考单选中常考）
e.g. My parents don’t allow me to stay up late. 我父母不允许我熬夜。

Mr. Smith allowed Mike to drive there. 史密斯先生允许迈克开车去那里。

2) big deal, deal
big deal表示“重要的事情或状况”，多用于非正式交流。

作否定时，常说It’s not a big deal或It’s no big deal.没有什么了不起。

e.g. There's a soccer game on TV this evening but I don’t have to watch it. It’s
no big deal. 今天晚上电视上有一场足球赛，但我不一定要看。

It’s a big deal, David, bigger than you know.
这事挺重要的，戴维，比你所知道的要重要。

What's the big deal? It’s only a birthday, not the end of the world.
有什么了不起的？这不过是个生日，又不是世界某日。

3) work out
work out 解决（问题）；算出
e.g. Mike worked out the difficult problem by himsel
f.
迈克自己算出了那道难题。

Is it possible to work out the problem? 有可能解决这个问题吗？work for 为……做事，为……尽力，被……雇佣者
work out 可以解决，设计出，算出，计算出，消耗完挤出去
4）argue v.争吵；争论
e.g. The couple began to argue about the child’s education.
argue for 为……辩护The lawyer argues for the poor man.
argue sb with/over sth 与……争论Do what you are told and don't argue with me! argue against争辩……He argued fiercely against the plan of tax cute.
5）. proper adj.正确的；恰当的
e.g. It’s not proper to visit a friend too late in the evening.
太晚了，去看朋友不合适。

6）. nervous adj. 焦虑的；担忧的
e.g. Don’t be nervous. It is just a small test. 不要紧张。

就是个小测试而已。

7）. My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.
get on with 和睦相处；关系良好相当于get along with
e.g. The child doesn’t get on well with others. 那个小孩不合群。

Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
8) instead adv.代替；反而；却
e.g. If we can’t go to Huashan Mountain, we’ll go to the city of Xi’an for the tr ip.
如果我们不能去爬华山，我们就去西安游玩。

辨析：
instead 是副词，常置于句子末尾。

instead of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词等。

例如：Last summer I went to Qingdao.
This summer I’m going to Dalian instead.
去年夏天我去了青岛。

今年夏天我要去大连。

Instead of going to Qingdao I’m going to Dalian this year.
今年我打算去大连，而不去青岛。

9) whatever pron.任何；无论什么相当于no matter what
e.g. Whatever I suggest, he always disagrees.
无论我提什么建议，他都不同意。

whatever可用作连接代词或连接副词，引导让步状语从句，表示“无论，不管”的意思。

此时，可用no matter what结构来替换其意完全相同。

位置前后置都可。

whatever还可以引导名词性从句，同时起先行词和关系代词的作用。

相当于anything that或all that，有任何一切这类意思。

此时不能用no matter what 替换。

注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ever”在用法上的区别
1.“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。

如：No matter where he may be （=Wherever he may be）, he will be happy.
注意从句的时态
由no matter what/who/where/when…引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。

No matter who you are, you must obey the rules. 无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。

10）. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.
offer v.主动提出；自愿给予
offer侧重主动或愿意给予，主动提出做某事。

结构：offer sb. sth. 或offer to do sth.
e.g. She offered me a cup of tea. 她给我端了杯茶。

He offered to go instead of me. 他主动提出代替我去。

11）. Secondly, why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? communicate v.交流；沟通
communicate with sb. 与某人交流
e.g. Li Mei can easily communicate with foreigners in English.
李梅能用英语与外国人轻松交流。

12）. Can you explain to me how to do this math problem?
explain v.解释；说明explanation n.
1. explain + that / what/ why 等从句
2. explain sth. (to sb.)（向某人）解释某事
e.g. Can you explain what this means?
你能解释一下这个的意思吗？
Please explain it to me.
请你向我解释一下吧。

13）elder/older
这两个词均是old的比较级。

在用法上有所区别。

elder表示“前辈的”、“年纪较长的”，仅用于同一家庭成员的比较；older则不限于此。

如My younger son is five and my elder son is nine。

我的小儿子5岁，大儿子9岁。

Tom is two years older than I.汤姆比我年长两岁。

elder在句中只用作定语，不作表语；older两者皆可。

例如： My elder sister does her homework all by herself. 我的姐姐独自做作业。

His elder son got married last week. 他的长子是上星期结婚的。

I think his mother is older. 我认为他的母亲年龄大引起。

elder只能用来指人；older既可修饰人，也可修饰物。

例如：
My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.我哥年仅15就参了军。

This dog is older than any other dogs here.这条狗在这里是最老的一条。

I have a sister older than myself.我有位比我大的姐姐。

It is said Mr Chen is over ten years older than Mrs Li.据说陈先生比李女士大10多岁。

一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空。

1. All the ______________ (communicate) with the outside world was broken.
2. Jim is a doctor. His ________ (old)brother is an engineer.
3. After high school Mike got a job instead of ________ (go) to university.
4. It’s very kind of you to offer _______ (help) us on the weekend.
5. To begin with we don’t have much money, ________ (second) w e are too busy.
练习：
①你看上去很疲劳，怎么了？
You ____ tired. What’s _____ _______?
②昨晚，我一直学习到午夜，因此我没有睡足觉。

I studied _____ _________ last night so I didn’t ___ ______ sleep.
③我应该做什么？________ ____I do?
你为什么不忘掉此事呢？尽管她错了，但那不是一件大事。

_____ ____ you for get about it? ______ she’s wrong. It’s not _____ _____ ______.
④他应当如何做？
_______ _______ he do?
⑤他应当和他的朋友交谈一下，以便于他能向他道谦。

He _____ _____ _____ his friends ____ ___ he can say he’s sorry.
⑥或许你应当去他家。

_______ you ______ go to his house.
⑦我想我可以，但是我不想让他吃惊。

I think I _______, but I don’t want to _______ _________.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. We shouldn’t_______ (argue) with our parents.
2. You shouldn’t____ (use) the phone in the classroom.
3.—could I use your dictionary?
—well, you___.
A. can
B. could
C. should
D. might
4.you’d better___(go) to school by bike.
5.How about_________(go) hiking this afternoon?
14）. copy v.复制；复印
It’s not good habits to copy other’s homework.
抄袭别人的作业不是好习惯。

15）. return v.回来；回去
They didn’t return until yesterday a fternoon. 直到昨天下午他们才回家。

重点区分：
1.so that; 点拨：so that 意为“因此”，引导目的状语从句，一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开。

表示前一句所表述的动作的目或动机（是一种可能性），而非事实。

因此，在从句中常使用can/could/will/may/should等词。

I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.我起得早，以便能赶上早班车。

You must go now so that you won’t be late.
s othat… 意为“如此……以至于”，常用于结果状语从句，表示上文动作所产生结果，陈述的是客观事实，常常不带情态动词。

He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习，结果通过了考试。

(2011山东) They develop their skills ______ tehy can do things better and better.
A.however
B. because
C. since
D.so that
2.点拨：though 意为“尽管……但是”，不能说，though…but。

②although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。

e.g. Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working.
虽然很疲劳，但他继续工作。

The problem, though complicated
(=though it is complicated), can be solved without much difficulty.
though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。

e.g. Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.
虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。

Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起的。

3.Child though he was, he did quite well. 他虽是孩子，但干得很好。

（3）确使用这两个连词until,till的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。

肯定句：(untill:直到.....为止)
I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。

Wait till I call you.等着我叫你。

（在肯定句中可用before代替）否定句：(untill:直到.....才)
She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.她直到6点才到。

Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。

I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.直到你教我后，我才会做。

until 用于否定句中，表示句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生，即表示动作的起点。

一般译为“直到……才”。

Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。

（2013江苏）Many people do not realize the importance of health ______ they have fallen. A.until B.while C.when D.after
（2012 重庆）I didn’t believe he could drive ____he told me.
A. onec
B.while
C.since
D.until
16. In my opinion, it is important for children / parents to …
in one’s opinion 依……看，用来表达某人的想法。

e.g. In my opinion, it’s important for us to protect the earth.
我认为, 对我们来说保护地球很重要。

17. Perhaps children / parents …
perhaps adv.大概；也许
perhaps在句中位于实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词后。

也可用于句首或句尾, 可指有礼貌地提出请求或帮助等。

e.g. Perhaps he is just waiting in station. 也许他正在车站等候。

pare…with; compare…to; compared with／to
compare…with意为“把……与……相比”，侧重指两者间的区别。

如：Compare this car with that one, and you will find the differences between
them．
把这辆汽车与那辆汽车相比较，你就会发现它们之间的区别。

compare…to…意为“把……比作……”，着重注意两者间的相似点。

This song compares our country to a big family．这首歌把我的国家比作一个大家庭。

19.be afraid of sth/sb 害怕某人/某物
be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事，侧重主语“担心、害怕”某事发生
be afraid to do sth 侧重于“不敢做某事”
be afraid that---从句害怕，多用于客气地提出个人意见或看法
二、根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。

1. 我父母不允许我与朋友外出闲逛。

My parents don’t ____ me ___ hang ___ with my friends.
2.尽管他错了，但那又不是一件大事。

_________, he’s wrong, it’s not a _____ ____.
3. 其次，为什么不坐下来与你弟弟进行交流？
________, why don’t you sit down and __________ _______ yo ur brother?
4. 相反，他看自己所喜欢的一直到深夜。

________, he watches ________ he wants ______ late at night.
6. 他应该和朋友交谈一下，以便于他可以说一声对不起。

He ______ talk to his friends ____ ______ he can say he’s sorry.
7. 为什么不让孩子们顺其自然呢？
Why don’t they _____ the ______ _____ kids.
8. 人们不应该逼孩子们太紧。

People shouldn’t ____ their children so ____.
Answers: 1. wrong 2. allow toout 3. Although, big deal 4. Secondly, communicate with 5. Instead, whatever, until 6. should, so that
7. let, kids be 8. push, hard。