unit 3商务英语

3 . position: v. to locate or ascertain the position of • positioning: n. the position held by a product brand in the opinion of consumers, in comparison with its competitors' brands • Strong emphasis was placed on positioning Hong Kong as a trade services platform and partner for Mainland businesses seeking global opportunities and for overseas firms targeting the Mainland market. • 市场定位market positioning
2. on target: on the correct course to meet a target
or objective, Completely accurate, wholly valid. • Your guess was bang on target. • His criticisms were on target. • Our cost estimates were right on target.
Para. 5 1. dominance: n. control • domination: n. / dominate: v. / dominant: adj. Para. 6 1. factor in/into: v. to take account of (something) when making a calculation • Opp. factor out • In preparing the schedule we factored in vacation and sick days. • The consumer’s viewpoint should be factored into decision making.
2. revenue: n. 1) the income accruing from taxation to a government during a year • revenue sharing /a revenue stamp • defraud the revenue • revenue duty/ revenue tax • great loss of state revenue 2) the gross income from a business enterprise, etc • revenue charge/expenditure 3) something that yields a regular financial return • revenue according to expenditure • expenditure according to revenue • integrate expenditure with revenue 4) a government department responsible for the collection of government revenue) • the Public Revenue /a revenue officer
Unit 3 Foreign Enterprises in the Chinese Marketplace
Text A
Strategies for Competing in a Changed China
Introduction
•Multinationals must factor in the existence of robust local competition.
Para. 2 1. contend: vi. • 1) to struggle in rivalry, battle, etc; • contend for 争取 • contend for hegemony • contend with 对付 • contend with others for a prize • contend with poverty • have much to contend with • He is a difficult man to contend with. 他是一个难对付的人 • 2) to assert or maintain • It is contended that... 人们坚持认为... • 3) to argue earnestly; debate • contend with a person about sth. • A hundred schools of thought contend. • A wise man do not contend with a fool.
4 competency: Physical, mental, financial, or legal power to perform: ability, capability, capacity, competence, faculty, might. • Quote: "Being competent means the ability to control and operate the things in the environment and the environment itself." - L. Ron Hubbard • Para. 7 • 1. constraint : One that restricts, limits, or regulates; a check ….ignored all moral constraints in his pursuit of success.
mines 2) a subject, situation, etc, beset with hidden problems
Para. 3
1. market share: the percentage of a total market,
in terms of either value or volume, accounted for by the sales of a specific brand
5 facility
hospitals and other health care facilities The facility was too small to accommodate all of the people.
6 etch into: to i源自print vividly A landscape is forever etched in my memory; Trees were etched against the winter sky.
2. robust: adj. 1) strong in constitution; hardy; vigorous • a robust young man /a robust shelter 2) requiring or suited to physical strength • robust work • Sports make us robust.
3. source: v. to originate from • SMEs often need help in certain key areas if they are to grow. These areas include: obtaining working capital, sourcing market information, finding good quality staff and controlling costs. • The TDC also intensified efforts to promote Hong Kong as a sourcing and distribution centre for nontraditional exports, such as auto parts and accessories. • Japanese trading conglomerates are also very active in Hong Kong, which serves as their principal sourcing and marketing hub for southern China and, in many cases, Southeast Asia. 4. operation: n. a commercial or financial transaction
3) (esp. of wines) having a rich full-bodied flavour • robust coffee 浓咖啡 4) straightforward and imbued with common sense • The experiment yielded robust results. • The speech is short but robust. • robust performance of the banking system
Constraints on Multinationals Chinese Advantages A Battle of Competencies Five Strategies for Multinationals
Para. 1
1. board: n. 1) a long wide flat relatively thin piece of sawn timber • bulletin board 2) a person's food or meals, provided regularly for money or sometimes as payment for work done • board wages • How much is bed and board? 3) a group of people who officially administer a company, trust, etc. • a board of directors/ trustees • Trade Board 4) the side of a ship • All on board! • go on board • take on board
Para. 4 1. pronouncement : a formal expression of opinion; a judgment; an authoritative statement.
2. lead: n. the first, foremost, or most prominent place • take a lead 3. prevailing: adj. 1) generally accepted; widespread • a prevailing opinion • He wore his hair in the prevailing fashion. 2) most frequent or conspicuous; predominant • The prevailing wind is from the north. • to incorporate sb. into a prevailing group • syn. current ,prevalent ,rife
2. minefield: n. 1) an area of ground or water containing explosive 3. load: n. something to be borne or conveyed;
• • • • • • weight free load[美俚]白吃白喝 reduce/ease the heavy workload reduce study load a load of Overload bear a load on one 's shoulders 挑起重担