形容词的比较级和最高级

形容词的比较级和最高级

Ⅰ. 常见的形容词及比较级和最高级的构成

（1）规则变化：

①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er. tall---taller smart---smarter

②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger

③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er”. happy---happier busy---busier

④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er

Eg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter

⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more. important---more important

（2）特殊变化：

原级比较级最高级

good/ well better best

many/ much more most

bad / badly（坏地）worse worst

little less least

old Older（年龄）/ elder(辈份) oldest/ eldest

far farther距离/ further（深奥的）farthest/ furthest

Ⅱ. 形容词比较级的用法：表示两者（人或物）的比较。

⒈表达“A大于B”用 A … 比较级+than B

①. Tom比我胖。Tom is _____ (fat) than me.

⒉表达“A和B一样”，用A … as 原级as B

②英语比语文重要。English is as _______________ (important) as Chinese.

③他的头发和我的头发一样长。His hair is ________ ________ _______ mine.

⒊表达“A不如B”，用A …not+as/so+原级+as+B。

②今天没有昨天暖和。Today ______ _______ _______(warm) _______ yesterday.

=Yesterday ______ ________ than today.

4．比较级前可用much / a lot / far(… 得多)，a little（稍微）, even（甚至）等表示程度He is much ___________( well) today.

5.在两者之间选择哪一个更……，用比较级.Which /Who…,A or B?

谁跑得快些，Lucy 还是Lily？Who runs _________, Lucy or Lily?

6.如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair 短语：

约翰是两个男孩子中较聪明的一个。John is the cleverer of the two boys.

Of the two boys, John is the cleverer.

7.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。

我比他大两岁。I am two years _________ _________ he.

△“比较级+and+ 比较级”表示“越来越…”

天气越来越冷了。It’s getting ______ and _______(cold)

注意:多音节形容词用此句型时，要用more and more +形容词原级；而不能用more beautiful and more beautiful

△ “用twice 等表示倍数的词+ as +原级＋as…”表示甲是乙的几倍。

“用twice 等表示倍数的词+比较级than …”表示甲是乙的几倍。

这间房是那间房面积的两倍。This room is _______ as big as that one.

注意：在英语中，两倍用twice，而不用two times，三倍以上用three，four…times。

Ⅲ. 形容词最高级的用法：

1.表示三者或三者以上（人或物）的比较,其中有一个超过其他几个。形容词最高级前要加the.

②玛丽是这三个学生中最小的。

Mary is __________ (young) ______ the three students.

2. 形容词最高级的前面常有the，

This is ______ ______ day. 这是我最忙的一天。

3 在which…A ,B orC_? 句中，表示三者或三者以上比较

Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?

太阳，月亮，地球，哪一个最大？

4. 形容词最高级表示“最...之一”时，可用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”

Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world.

爱迪生是世界上最为大的发明家之一。

5．“the +序数词+最高级”表示“第几个最…”；

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China

6.比较级和最高级的同义句转换

He is the tallest boy in his class.

He is taller than any other boy in his class.

He is taller than any of the other boys in his class.

He is taller than any of the others in his class.

He is taller than all the other boys in his class.

He is taller than the other boys in his class.

He is taller than anyone else in his class.