2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练(五)文化类

2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（五）
文化类
（一）
How do you spend your spare time? There will be different answers to it. Most people in Poland have their own ways of spending free time. Sometimes they just want to have a rest, but they try to do something more pleasant most of the time. They have many different hobbies, which help them to get away from their everyday problems and spend their free time happily.
Many Polish people like travelling. They look for new places that they have never been to and add new and exciting experiences to their journey. Some of them like to climb mountains, others like to go to the sea or a lake to swim, because these can make them get exercise and are good for their health.
Many Polish people also like to watch sports in their free time. They are usually crazy about football, and football is regarded as the Polish national sport. Many football fans may support a certain team, so they go to watch every match of the team they support, and they buy many things that have any relation with the team. Watching a sport and doing it are both good ways to relax.
In addition, doctors say that doing sports is very good for the health. Many people in town, especially young men, often go to the gym to attend the exercise classes to keep fit.
Besides these ways, Polish people have many other ways to spend their free time. And they really enjoy their free time.
1.Polish people have many different hobbies in order to __________.
A.solve their daily problems
B.finish all their work
C.make some friends
D.relax themselves in their spare time
2.Why do some Polish people like climbing mountains?
A.Because they hate travelling.
B.Because they can get exercise from it.
C.Because they can find a new place.
D.Because it is comfortable and funny.
3.Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.Playing football.
B.Climbing mountains.
C.Skating.
D.Swimming.
4.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A.Football is many Polish people's favourite sport.
B.Young Polish people often go to the gym.
C.All the Polish people do sports in their spare time.
D.Most Polish people don't like watching sports.
5.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Polish culture is colourful.
B.Polish people have many ways of spending free time.
C.A doctor can give you good advice.
D.There is no need to do sports or outdoor activities.
（二）
Last summer I went to one of the world's most famous historical places, the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. It was the home of the emperors of the last two dynasties (朝代) in China, the Ming and Qing dynasties.
The Forbidden City was completed in 1420. The palace has about 9,000 rooms. It was there that the emperors dealt with the official business with their ministers.
In Mandarin(普通话), the Forbidden City is called "Zijin Cheng". However, the colour of the palace itself is not purple. The colour purple("Zi") stands for the power of the great emperors of China. It was so sacred(神圣的) that the commoners could not even dream of ever going in.
The emperor also had some of the largest festival celebrations at the Forbidden City. During Chinese New Year, the emperor would invite all the members of his family and his officials to a banquet. The banquet had a hundred and eight Chinese dishes. It was such an expensive banquet that it could feed a commoner's family for three generations (代).
Right now the Forbidden City is known as a historical site for tourists from all over the world. Everyone can go into it. It is a museum with priceless Chinese antiques (古董) and treasures.
I really learnt a lot about the Chinese culture and its history from this trip to the Forbidden City. It was like a dream coming true to go on the trip and see the things that I had always wanted to see.
1.How long is the history of the Forbidden City?
A.About 600 years.
B.About 9,000 years.
C.1,420 years.
D.Over 10,000 years.
2.We call the palace "Zijin Cheng" because the colour purple is the symbol for the _____ of the
emperor.
A.power
B.fame
C.wealth
D.health
3.What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "banquet" in Paragraph 4?
A.表演
B.比赛
C.展览
D.宴会
4.Which of the following is NOT true about the Forbidden City in the passage?
A.The emperors lived there.
B.The wall of it is purple.
C.It is a historical place for visiting.
D.The emperor had festival celebrations there.
5.In the passage the writer wants to show us _____ of the Forbidden City.
A.the beauty
B.the treasures
C.the changes in use
D.the building process
（三）
Living in a foreign country can be exciting, but it can also be confusing (令人迷惑的). A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences. They decided that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as "yes" and "no".
On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thought people weren't paying any attention to her. The day was hot. She went into a store and asked, "Do you have cold drinks?" The woman there didn't say anything. Lisa repeated the question. Still the woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her. She had raised her eyebrows (眉毛), which in Micronesia means "yes".
Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was known for its cabbage (卷心菜). She asked the waiter, "Do you have cabbage today?" He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means "no".
Tom had a similar problem when he arrived in India. After explaining something in class, he asked his students if they understood. They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head. He thought some students had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing. He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on (取决于) where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean "yes" or "no".
1.These Americans teaching English in other countries found that they _____.
A.should go abroad for vacations
B.needed to learn foreign languages
C.should often discuss their experiences
D.had problems with communications
2.People in Micronesia show "yes" by _____.
A.nodding heads
B.raising eyebrows
C.shaking heads
D.saying "no"
3.Tom misunderstood his class at first because _____.
A.he did not know much about Indian culture
B.he didn't explain everything clearly enough
C.some students didn't understand his questions
D.he didn't know where the students came from
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?
A.In Bulgaria, nodding heads means "no".
B.Jan taught English on a Pacific island.
C.Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.
D.In India, only shaking heads means "yes".
5.The passage is mainly about _____.
A. body language in foreign restaurants
B. class discussion in Indian schools
C. miscommunications in different cultures
D. English teaching in other countries
（四）
1.Many famous people were living in Luxiang _______.
A. from 1127 to 1279
B. from 1644 to 1912
C. from 1127 to 1644
D. from 1279 to 1912
2.Luxiang is famous for _______.
A. fruit gardens
B. tea trees
C. Biluochun
D. six lanes
3.In order to build his tomb, the King Khufu built _______.
A. the ancient pyramids
B. the Egyptain pyramids
C. the Great Pyramid
D. the mysterious pyramids
4.Building the Great Pyramid is still a mystery now, because _______.
A. each stone was fixed well
B. there were no modern machines or equipment then
C. it was made of stones
D. it was the tallest building in the world
5.Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Each side of the Great Pyramid is 230. 4 metres long and 146.5 metres wide.
B. Luxiang is far away from Suzhou.
C. Luxiang looks more beautiful except spring.
D. In the 19th century A. D., the Great Pyramid was special and unusual.
（五）
People use languages to communicate. Any language has its ways to express people's minds. One of the ways in common is the use of idioms. An idiom is a group of words. It has a special meaning that is different from the usual meaning. For example, under the weather is an idiom meaning ill. So when people say "I'm under the weather." they are saying that they're not feeling well. Another example, in all weathers means in all kinds of weather. So, "There are homeless people sleeping on the streets in all weathers" tells us that homeless people sleep on the streets no matter whether it is cold or hot.
Different languages may have different ways to make idioms. For people who are learning a foreign language, idioms could cause misunderstandings and bring them endless headaches. On the other hand things are done right, idioms can also be a fun way of looking into a new culture and understanding how the people think and talk.
Metaphor (比喻) is often used in idioms. Let's read the following two examples:
● It makes my blood boil(煮沸) then people litter.
● The night was dark and quiet; my blood ran cold when I heard a strange noise outside at dark night.
In neither situation above, our blood can reach the point so high or so low in temperature. Yet, with the situations the two sentences created, it is not difficult to work out the unhappy feelings of really angry in the first example and very afraid in the second.
Of course, not all idioms are this easy to understand. When we come to idioms of a foreign language, a good dictionary of idioms is always suggested.
1.This passage tells us something about_______ in the English language.
A. grammar
B. writing
C. reading
D. idioms
2.If your brother breaks your computer, you can say to him, "_____".
A.I'm under the weather
B.I'm there in all weathers
C.You've made my blood boil
D.My blood runs cold
3.What is the writer's advice when you come to an expression like under the weather?
A.We should look it up in a good idiom dictionary.
B.We should try to express our minds with it.
C.We should find an interesting way to learn it.
D.We should create situations to guess its meaning.
（六）
For most people in the West, Valentine's Day (情人节) is celebrated on February 14, but here in Japan it's on March 14—exactly one month after Valentine's Day—called White Day.
To really understand what White Day is all about, you have to understand what Valentine's Day in Japan is like. Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Japanese women are usually too shy to show their love, though it might not be true today. Valentine's Day is a great chance to let women show their feelings. Does it sound good to you? Don't get too excited when you get chocolate from Japanese girls! They give chocolate not only lo their loved ones, but also to men such as bosses (老板) and male (男性的) friends. Men should return gifts to women on White Day.
On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice. More often, the colour of the chocolate is white
because of the name of the day. You can also buy flowers, candies, or cookies.
The Japanese first celebrated White Day in 1978. Now it is also celebrated in South Korea and Taiwan, China.
1. In Japan, White Day is on ______.
A. February 14
B. February 15
C. March 14
D. March 15
2. What's the most common White Day gift?
A. White chocolate.
B. Flowers.
C. Candies.
D. Cookies.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. White Day has a history of 100 years.
B. Women can get gifts on White Day.
C. People all over the world celebrate White Day.
D. On White Day girls only give gifts to their boyfriends.
4. What's the best title of the passage?
A. The History of Valentine's Day
B. Valentine's Day in the US
C. How to Celebrate White Day
D. White Day in Japan
5. The writer of this passage may be from _______.
A. Japan
B. China
C. America
D. South Korea
答案以及解析
（一）
1.答案：1-5.DBCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。

根据第一段中的which help them to get away from their everyday problems and spend their free time happily可知,波兰人有许多不同的爱好,目的是远离日常的问题,在业余时间放松自己,故选D项。

2.细节理解题。

根据第二段中的"Some of them like to climb mountains, others like to go to the sea or a lake to swim, because these can make them get exercise and are good for their health."可知,他们中的一些人喜欢爬山,其他人喜欢去大海或湖泊游泳,因为这些可以让他们得到锻炼,并且对他们的健康有好处。

故选B项。

3.细节理解题。

根据第二、三、四段可知,文章提到了踢足球、游泳和爬山,没有提及滑冰,故选C项。

4.主旨大意题。

根据第三段全段内容,尤其是"They are usually crazy about football, and football is regarded as the Polish national sport."可知本段主要介绍足球是许多波兰人最喜欢的运动,故选A项。

5.主旨大意题。

文章主要介绍了波兰人有很多种度过业余时间的方式,故选B项。

（二）
答案：1-5 AADBC
解析：1.细节理解题。

根据第二段中的"The Forbidden City was completed in 1420."可知紫禁城距今有大约600年的历史了。

2.细节理解题。

根据文中的"The colour purple('Zi') stands for the power of the great emperors of China."可知"紫"代表中国皇帝的权力, 故选A项。

3.词义猜测题。

根据文章第四段中的"The banquet had a hundred and eight Chinese dishes."可知这个"banquet"有108道菜, 由此可知选D项。

4.细节理解题。

根据第三段中的"However, the colour of the palace itself is not purple."可知这座宫殿本身不是紫色的, 因此选B项。

5.主旨大意题。

文中作者通过对紫禁城古今的对比, 旨在说明其在使用上的变化。

（三）
答案：1-5 DBAAC
解析：1.细节理解题。

根据文中的"They decided that miscommunications were always possible"可知选D。

2.细节理解题。

根据文中的"She had raised her eyebrows, which in Micronesia means 'yes'."可知选B。

3.推理判断题。

通读最后一段我们可以知道汤姆起初误解他的学生们是因为他对印度文化不了解。

故选A。

4.细节理解题。

根据第三段中的"in Bulgaria"和"In that country, a nod means 'no'."可知只有A 是正确的。

故选A。

5.主旨大意题。

这篇短文主要讲述的是身处不同文化中时发生的沟通误解。

故选C。

（四）
答案：1-5 ACCBD
解析：1.细节理解题。

由Luxiang was built in the Southern Song Dynasty (1127 ~ 1279).There were many famous people living in the town at that time.可知答案选A。

2.细节理解题。

由This place is famous for the tea called Biluochun.可知答案选C。

3.细节理解题。

由文中的The largest one of them is the Great Pyramid of Khufu. The King, Khufu, built it as his tomb.可知Khufu为自己建造了最大的金字塔。

故选C。

4.细节理解题。

由At that time, there were no modern machines or equipment, so how did the ancient Egyptians build it? To this day, it is still a mystery.可确定答案选B。

5.由14
6.5 metres high可知A项错；由There is a town near Suzhou.可知B项错；由文中的Luxiang looks more beautiful in spring...可知C项错。

故选D。

（五）
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A
解析：1.主旨大意题。

根据第一段前三句知，人们需要用语言来交流，任何语言都有其表达人们的思想的方式，其中之一就是习语的使用，然后作者通过实例来说明如何用习语来表达不同的思想。

因此，本文主要讲述了英语中的习语及其相关用法。

故选D。

2.细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段第二句"...it is not difficult to work out the unhappy feelings of really angry in the first example..."可知，"make my blood boil"这一习语描述的是人生气时的感受。

因此当你的兄弟弄坏你的电脑时，你可以对他说"You've nade my blood boil."。

故选C。

3.细节理解题。

根据最后一段第二句"When we come to idioms of a foreign language, a good
dictionary of idioms is always suggested."可知，我们应该用一本好的习语词典来查找习语的含义。

因此，当你碰到诸如"under the weather"之类的表达时，作者建议查阅习语词典。

故选A。

（六）
答案：CABDA
解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了有关日本的"白色情人节"的风俗。

1.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段可知在日本,白色情人节是3月14日,故选C项。

2.细节理解题。

根据文章第三段第二句可知在白色情人节最常见的礼物是白巧克力,故选A 项。

3.细节理解题。

根据第二段中的"Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents."和"Men should return gifts to women on White Day."可知在日本,白色情人节那天女人能得到礼物,故选B项。

4.主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了日本的白色情人节,故选D项。

5.推理判断题。

根据文章第一段中的here in Japan可推知此篇文章的作者可能来自日本,故选A项。