初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

被动语态

一、语态概述

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，再如：English is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。

判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？

He opened the door.他开了门。（____________）

The door was opened.门被开了。（____________）

二、被动语态的构成: be动词+Vp.p

被动特点强调xx，用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。

1. English is ___________（speak）in Canada.

2. The blouse is ___________（make）of silk.

3. English is ___________（speak）by many people.

谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。

1. Some stamps were ___________（steal）last week.

2. The PRC was ___________（found）on October 1, 1949.

3. Football is ___________（play）in most middle schools.

被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be. be + P.P

am（is,are）现在时，am（is,are）+P.P

was和were表过去。was（were）+P.P

完成have（has）been。have（has）been+P.P

将来，情态，be原形。will（can,may,must）be+P.P

进行时态两个be，前表时态后加ing。am（is,are）+being+P.P

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。

三．几种常用时态的被动语态——

1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词

肯定句：Bikes are ___________（sell）in that shop.

否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop.

疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词

肯定句：He was ___________（save）in 1999.

否定句：He was not saved in 1999.

疑问句：Was he saved in 1999? Yes, he was. / No,he wasn't.

3.一般将来时：shall/will/be going to + be+过去分词

肯定句：An English class will be ___________（give）by Jack tomorrow.

否定句：An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow.

疑问句：Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow?

4.现在进行时：am/is/are + being+过去分词

肯定句：A car is being ___________（drive）now.

否定句：A car is not being driven now.

疑问句：Is a car being driven now? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.

5.现在完成时：have / has+ been+过去分词

肯定句：A road has been ___________（build）by the government.

否定句：A road hasn't been built by the government.

疑问句：Has a road been built by the government? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn't.

6.情态动词：情态动词+be + P.P

1）This clock can be ___________（repair）here.

2）The trees may be ___________（plant）at other times of the year.

4）The young trees should be ___________（plant）in spring.

四、被动语态的用法

（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）

This book was ___________（publish）in 1981. 这本书出版于____年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：

The window was ___________（break）by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was ___________（write）by him. 这本书是他写的。