三级笔译常用单词

1, summary ['sʌməri] adj.简易的; 扼要的n. 概要，摘要
2, enforcement [in'fɔ:smənt] n. 执行，实施；强制
3, summarise ['sʌməraiz] vt. 概括；相加
4, smooth [smu:ð] adj.平稳的;顺利的vt.消除;缓和
5, solemn ['sɔləm] adj. 庄严的，严肃的；隆重的，郑重的
6, hall [hɔ:l] n. 门厅，走廊；会堂；食堂；学生宿舍
7, ingress ['inɡres] n. 进入；准许进入；入口；入境
8, lords n. 上议院；上院议员
9, enforcer [in'fɔ:sə] n. 实施者；强制执行者
10, proverb ['prɔvə:b] n. 谚语，格言；众所周知的人或事
11, prohibit [prəu'hibit] vt. 阻止，禁止
12, spectator [spek'teitə, 'spekt-] n. 观众；旁观者
13, installation [,instə'leiʃən] n. 安装，装置；就职
14, grind [ɡraind] vt.磨快; 磨碎vi.折磨; 磨碎
15, grand [ɡrænd] adj.豪华的; 宏伟的n. 大钢琴；一千美元16, summarization [,sʌmərai'zeiʃən, -ri'z-] n. 摘要；概要
17, comply [kəm'plai] vi. 答应；遵守；顺从，遵从
18, ingredient [in'ɡri:diənt] n.原料; 要素adj. 构成组成部分的
19, prohibitive [prəu'hibitiv] adj. 禁止的，禁止性的；抑制的；类同禁止的；过高的20, instable [in'steibl] adj. 不稳定的；不牢固的
21, install [in'stɔ:l] vt. 任命；安装；安顿
22, accelerate [ək'seləreit] vt.使……增速; 使……加快vi. 加速；促进；增加23, solemnity [sə'lemnəti] n. 严肃；庄严；一本正经
24, association [ə,səusi'eiʃən, ə,səuʃi'ei-] n. 协会，联盟，社团；联合；联想25, logging ['lɔɡiŋ, 'lɔ:ɡ-] n. 记录;伐木工作v. 把…锯成段木；砍伐树木26, log [lɔɡ, lɔ:ɡ] vi. 伐木vt.切;航行
27, upgrade ['ʌpɡreid, ʌp'ɡreid] vt. 提升;使升级n.上升;上坡
28, stimulation [,stimju'leiʃən] n. 激励，鼓舞；刺激
29, parliament ['pɑ:ləmənt] n. 议会，国会
30, dimension [di'menʃən, dai-] n. 维;尺寸vt. 标出尺寸
31, proverbial [prəu'və:bjəl] adj. 谚语的；谚语式的；众所周知的32, retrieve [ri'tri:v] vt.检索;恢复vi. 找回猎物
33, smoothly ['smu:ðli] adv. 平稳地，平滑地；流畅地，流利地34, resolute ['rezəlju:t, -lət] adj. 坚决的；果断的
35, assert [ə'sə:t] vt. 断言；主张；声称；维护，坚持36, summon ['sʌmən] vt. 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作
37, installer n. 安装者，安装工；安装程序38, summarize ['sʌməraiz] vt.概述; 总结vi. 作总结；作概括39, enforce [in'fɔ:s] vt. 强迫，强制；实施，执行40, prohibition [,prəuhi'biʃən] n. 禁止；禁令；诉讼中止令；禁酒41, inquire [in'kwaiə] vt.查究;问明vi. 询问；查究；询价42, installment [in'stɔ:lmənt] n. 分期付款；部分；就职；安装install vt. 安装；任命；安顿
43, expense [ik'spens] n. 损失，代价；消费；开支vt. 向…收取费用vi. 被花掉44, foil [fɔil] vt.衬托;贴箔于n.叶形片;衬托，烘托
45, terminal ['tə:minəl] n.极限;终点adj. 末端的；终点的；晚期的
46, spectate ['spekteit] vi. 出席观看
47, expensive [ik'spensiv] adj. 昂贵的；花钱的
李总理的记者会大白话多，但其实要用英语翻译出汉语原文的韵味来也不容易，因为李总理特别喜欢“打比方”。

比如说下面这几个句子的现场翻译，有直译，比如“壮士断腕”；也有意译，比如“天大的事”，也有半直译半意译，如“打断骨头连着筋”：
政府削权）“我们要有壮士断腕的决心”= We should have the determination to cut the wrist like brave warriors.
“腐败和我们政府的信誉应该说水火不容”= Corruption is incompatible to reputation of the government, like fire to water.
（两岸同胞）“打断骨头还连着筋”= Bones may be broken, but they are not split, because we are compatriots.
（两岸关系）“使其花团锦簇，我想花好总有月圆时”= ...so that it will be full of flowers. When flowers are in full blossom, there will be a time for the moon to be full again.
“至于食品安全，那可以说是天大的事”= Food safety is of utmost importance.
（查处）“假冒伪劣和黑心食品”= punish the heartless producers of substandard and fake food
“绿水青山贫穷落后不行，但殷实富裕环境恶化也不行”= It is no good to be poor in a beautiful environment, nor is it good to be well-off and live with environmental degradation.
这么多比喻中，最难翻译的应该是“（改革贵在行动）喊破嗓子不如甩开膀子”，翻译很巧妙地借用了英语Talking the talk is not as good as walking the walk的习惯说法，很自然，外国人一下子就能听懂，应该是本次记者招待会上最出彩的翻译之一。

以下为李克强总理精彩语录。

On Comprehensive reforms 谈改革
"However deep the water may be, we will wade into it because we have no alternative."
“再深的水我们也得趟，因为别无选择”。

On Urbanization 谈城市化
"We need to prevent the urban malaise and avoid the situation in which high-rises co-exist with shantytowns."
“要注意防止城市病,不能一边是高楼林立,一边是棚户连片。

”
On Government reforms 谈政府改革
"We need to leave to the market and society what they can do well. The government needs to manage well the matters that fall under its supervision."
“市场能办的，多放给市场。

社会可以做好的，就交给社会。

政府管住、管好它应该管的事。

”
On Environment 谈环境保护
"I feel upset (about the smog that recently shrouded Beijing and large parts of the country's eastern areas). To tackle the problems, we need an iron fist, firm resolution and tough measures."
“一段时期以来，北京、实际上中国东部比较大范围出现雾霾天气，我和大家一样，心情都很沉重。

对这一长期积累形成的问题，我们要下更大的决心，以更大的作为去进行治理。

”
On Clean governance 谈廉政
"Pursuing government office and making money have been 'two separate paths' since ancient times."
“自古有所谓‘为官发财，应当两道’。

”
On Cross-Straits ties 谈两岸关系
"Bones may be broken but not the sinews, because we are fellow compatriots. Between us there is no knot that cannot be undone."
“打断骨头连着筋，同胞之间，同族之情，没有打不开的结。

”
On Ties with the US 谈中美关系
"I don't believe conflicts between big powers are inevitable. Shared interests often override their disputes."
“不同大国之间的冲突并不是必然定律。

只要我们相互尊重对方的重大关切，管控好分歧，就可以使共同利益超越分歧。

”
On Accusation of Chinese hacker attacks against the United States 谈美国指控遭受中国黑客威胁
"We should not make groundless accusations against each other and should spend more time doing practical things that will contribute to cybersecurity."
“我想我们还是少一些没有根据的相互指责，多做一些维护网络安全的实事。

”
On Tackling pollution and food safety problems 谈环境污染和食品安全问题
"We will upgrade China's economic development model to enable people to enjoy clean air and safe drinking water and food."
“要打造中国经济的升级版，就包括在发展中要让人民呼吸洁净的空气，饮用安全的水，食用放心食品。

”
On Sustainable development 谈可持续发展
"There are more than 1.3 billion people in this country, and we are still on a long journey toward modernization. That requires an international environment of lasting peace."
“中国有13亿多人口，实现现代化还有很长的路要走，需要持久的国际和平环境。

”
On Cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong 谈大陆与香港合作
"Hong Kong compatriots are hardworking and smart. Hong Kong society is open, inclusive and vigorous."
“香港同胞勤劳、智慧，香港社会包容、开放、充满活力。

”
On Top tasks of the new cabinet 谈政府要处理的问题
"In a country as vast as China, we have a lot of tasks to fulfill. As for the most important one, I think it is to facilitate the continuous growth of the economy."
“偌大个中国要解决的事很多，如果说主要问题的话，首位还是持续发展经济。

”
On Serving the people and Constitution 谈忠于人民和宪法
"We will be true to the Constitution and loyal to the people, and the people's wish will point the direction of our government's efforts."
“我们将忠诚于宪法，忠实于人民，以民之所望为施政所向。

”
强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。

人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能被对方恰当的理解，必须加强语气，突出重要的内容，增加对比效果与感情色彩，这时就会用到强调。

强调常见的表现形式如下：
一、强调句型
为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语、或状语），常用强调句型：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…表示强调的 it 在句子中作主句的主语；被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语；强调的主语如果是人，that和who都可用。

如：
Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace.
强调主语：It was I that / who saw a film in the Youth Palace last night.
强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night.
强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night.
强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film in the Y outh Palace.
另外，还要注意下面几点：
1）在强调主语时，that 后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致。

如：
It is I who am a teacher.
2）即使被强调的主语是复数，主句中的谓语动词也用单数。

如：
It is they who often help me with my lessons.
3）在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不能用when，where，why或 how ，而要用that 。

如：
It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go with us.
It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.
It was the house that the murder happened.
4）在强调not … until结构中由 until 短语（或从句）表示的时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It is(was) not until ...that... 注意此时原句的not…until要变成not until ，that 从句中的谓语动词要用肯定式。

如：
My father didn't come home until 12 o'clock last night.
It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until s he took off her dark glasses.
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
5）原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来的各种时态，用It is…that (who)…；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用It was… that(who)…
6）在强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，主句要用一般疑问句的语序。

that后面的原句其余部分在移走了被强调部分后词序及词形都不可以改动。

如：
Did this happen in Beijing?
Was it in Beijing that this happened?
7）特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调，其强调结构是“疑问词+is (was) it that...? " 如：
Where were you born?
Where was it that you were born?
8）强调句型容易和句型It is/was+名词+that名词从句混淆。

如果把构成强调句型结构的词It is (was) … that(who)…去掉，被强调部分归位后，应该能够形成一个完整的句子（这也是判断是否是强调句型的方法）。

但后者的It is/was…that是不可去掉的，否则that前的名词就找不到位置，原句也不再成立，如下面这个句子如去掉It is/was…that就不再完整：
It was the rule of the school that the pupils should wear their school uniforms
强调句型还容易跟It is/was+形容词+that名词从句这一句型混淆。

如：It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为”清楚(显然, 真的, 肯定…)”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
9)强调句可以用作宾语从句。

如：
He told me that it was because he was late for class that he was punished.
I really can’t remember where it was that I first met the man.
10）强调句型可有如下变体：It is/was变成“情态动词+be”。

如：
It may be my bike that he is riding.
It must have been the manager that spoke to you.
11）与疑问词连用构成特殊疑问句和感叹句。

如：
Whom was it that Mr. Smith saw in the park yesterday?
Why is it that silver is not widely used as a conductor?
What a beautiful picture it is that you have drawn!
12）被强调的名词或代词可带有一个定语从句。

如：
Was it Bill, who plays football well, that helped the blind man cross the road?
It was in the school, where（or：in which） I once studied, that we hold a party.
Was it in the house, which we visited last year, that the murder happened?
二、用助动词do或其变化形式does，did来强调句中谓语动词，用来加强陈述句和祈使句的语气，译作“的确”，“一定”，“确实”。

如：
He did send you a letter last week.
We’re pleased that she does intend to come.
Do write to me when you get there．
三、用倒装句来加强语气。

如：
Only in this way can we solve this problem．
Never will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
Proud as these nobles are, they are afraid to see me.
In front of the farmhouse there sat a little boy.
四、用形容词, 副词或者否定词very, never, ever, even, still , single，simply, just ,only, too等来表示强调。

如：
At that very monent he heard a cry for help.
I can't even remember the name of that old friend of mine.
Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon．
You are the only person here who can speak Chinese．
This is just what I wanted．
五、用what引导的名词性从句或wh-疑问词+ever构成的复合词引导的状语从句来强调从句中的主语，宾语或状语等。

如：What Mary does every day is to give piano lessons.
Whenever you come to me, you can come right in.
六、反复使用同一个词来加强语气，可反复使用词的一般是动词，副词，形容词和名词。

如：
He worked (and) worked until late at night.
They walked for miles and miles．
I'll never, never forget you.
七、用“at all”，“in every way”，“in no way”，“by all means”，“by no means”，“only too”，“all too”，“but too”，“in heaven”，“in the world”，“in hell”，“on earth”，“under the sun”等来加强疑问或否定语气。

如：
Where in the world did you go just now ?
What on earth are you doing?
She's not in the least angry with me.
The clerk is not at all fit for the post.
八、用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感。

如：
How interesting a story it is！
九、用反身代词表示强调。

如：
I myself will see her off at the station．
You can do it well yourself．
十、用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气：
It's because of hard work—ten years of hard work．
倒装句
倒装句就是将正常的陈述语序加以变化，主要作用是强调被提前的部分
倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种：
一、全部倒装
谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装，如：
Out came his guest.
On the hill stood a little cottage that contained heaps of hay.
There lived an elderly lady whose husband died long ago.
二、部分倒装
助动词或情态动词提至主语之前，谓语动词位置不变，即为部分倒装，如：
Neither could he see through your plan.
So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.
Doesn't her invitation appeal to you?
第一节否定词提前倒装
否定词用于句首时，句子应进行部分倒装
否定词常用的有：
Not only…(but also), Not until(直到…..才),
No sooner….(than)(一…..就) Never/ Rarely/Seldom
Hardly/Scarcely… (when) Few/Little
Neither/Nor (也不)Nowhere
At no time Under no circumstances(决不)
On no account (决不)In no way
其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分别和but (also), than, when搭配使用，需注意：后一组词之后的部分不进行倒装，只有否定词之后的部分倒装
如：Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.
Not only was he able to enter the final round of the contest, but he came out first as well.
No sooner had I got any chance to speak than the clerk slammed the door in my face.
Seldom does he travel about.
Under no circumstances should you betray your own country.
此类倒装句一般出现在填空题中，需填入的是倒装部分，只要在句首见到上述的词，就应条件反射的想到用倒装句
例题：
(1)
---- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
(A) Not until 1866
(B) Until 1866, just
(C) Until 1866
(D) In 1866, not until
答案：A
第二节介词、分词词组提前倒装
当句子没有宾语，且主语偏长时，往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首，引起主谓的全部倒装
如：In the middle of the river floated the cluster of plants that she had cast.
Characteristic of an anarchist was her strong opposition to the government, which she had blamed for all the social injustices.
Lying on the grassland is a pretty girl in her early twenties.
例题：
(1)
Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent ----, or pronghorn.
(A) it is the American antelope
(B) the American antelope is
(C) is the American antelope
(D) the American antelope
答案：C
解释：此句为形容词短语be typical of作表语前置引起的完全倒装句, 空白处缺少的实为倒装的主语和谓语动词, A B未倒装, 可首先排除; D无动词, 也可排除. 此句正常语序应为: The American antelope, or pronghorn, is typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent.
第三节副词提前倒装
副词提至句首引起倒装，可分以下几种情况：
1. only + 副词(when, before, if, after等)
或only+介词状语(由in, under, by, on, after等引导)提前，必须部分倒装
如：Only then did he realize how stupid he had been.
Only after entering the store did Arthur realize that there was danger.
Only in the library can she concentrate on her study.
2. often, such, so等副词提前，部分倒装
如: So diligently did he work that he got hight scores on the final exam.
=He worked so diligently that he got hight scores on the final exam.
Such was his wish that the world would stay away from war forever. Often did we go on a holiday in hot summer.
注意，so的另一种倒装是表示“也…”
California relies heavily on income from crops, and so does Florida.
加利福尼亚过多的依赖于来自农作物的收入，佛罗里达也是这样
同理，体会一下neither, nor的倒装
He can't dance, neither/nor can I.= I can't, either.
他不会跳舞，我也不会。

3. in, out, down, up, away, off, here, there, over等副词提前，全部倒装如：Off got the staggering gentlemen.
Here are the photos I took at the seaside.
第四节疑问倒装
疑问句需部分倒装语序，由于经常用到不会成为考试的难点。

如：What part did he play in Hamlet?
Do you prefer tea or coffee?。