英语四级考试预测试卷(3)

英语四级考试预测试卷（3）
试卷一 Paper One
Part ⅠListening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Directions:In this section,you will hear ten short conversations.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Example:You will hear:
You will read:
A)At the office. B)In the waiting room.
C)At the airport. D)In a restaurant.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had
to finish in the evening.This is most likely to have taken place at the office.
Therefore,A.At the office is the best answer.You should choose 【A】on the Answer
Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
Sample Answer ［A］[KG-1*5]—［B］［C］［D］
1.A)8 hours. B)2 hours. C) 6 hours. D)4 hours.
2.A)He doesn’t like the dinner because it’s very dirty.B)Generally speaking, he likes it.
C)He has never had such a nice dinner.
D)He has a same feeling with the woman.
3.A)She decided to stay at home.
B)She was sick.
C)She had to fly out of town.
D)She said that she’d come later.
4.A)They haven’t discussed it casually.
B)They have discussed it casually.
C)They will discuss it casually.
D)They won’t discuss it casually.
5.A)Tom and Kate will be away from home tonight.
B)They are going to a concert.
C)Tom’s talking on a phone.
D)They’ll ask in a baby-sitter.
6.A)$ 40. B)$14. C)$80.D)$28.
7.A)One. B)Two. C)Three.D)Four.
8.A)Cold. B)Cool.C)Warm.D)Raining.
9.A)The woman. B)A bakery.
C)The woman’s husband. D)The woman’s mother.
10.A)She thinks it is too expensive.
B)She thinks the dress is out of date.
C)She doesn’t like the dress.
D)She likes the dress.
SECTION B
Directions:In this section you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of
each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11.A)The museums are a financial success.
B)The public should support cultural institutions.
C)Crocker Bank wants new depositors.
D)People are leaving New York too rapidly.
12.A)They have hotels and stores.
B)Hotels are beside the museums.
C)Tourists are brought to the city by them to spend money.
D)They need money to build the museums.
13.A)Too many hotels in the cities.
B)Not enough tourists.
C)Reduction in government support.
D)People are not interested in art any more.
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14.A)Mrs.Baker. B)Mrs.Baker’s sister.
C)Mr.Baker’s sister. D)Mr.Baker.
15.A)Mrs.Baker’s sister cooked for him.
B)Mrs.Baker cooked for him.
C)Mr.Baker himself did the cooking.
D)Mr.Baker’s sister cooked for him.
16.A)He had to meet his wife’s sister.
B)He had to meet his sister.
C)He had to see his sister off.
D)He had to meet his wife.
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17.A)To explain why recycling is importart.
B)To describe the recycling program.
C)To discuss whether or not recycling should be mandatory.
D)To explain how to find the recycling facilities.
18.A)Because all the trash cans are the same color.
B)Because not enough people volunteer to collect the trash.
C)Because most people don’t like to sort their trash.
D)Because collections are not made on a regular basis.
19.A)Pink. B)Green. C)Brown. D)White.
20.A)To paint the trash cans.
B)To pick up and sort the trash.
C)To pick up and deliver the trash.
D)To work in the recycling center.
Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions:There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed
incredible 50 years ago.And we can expect the rate of change to accelerate rather than slow down within our lifetime.The developments in technology are bound to
have a dramatic effect on the future of work.By 2010, new technology will have
revolutionized communications.People will be transmitting messages down telephone lines that previously would have been sent by post.Not only postmen but also clerks and secretaries will vanish in a paper-free society.All the routine tasks
they perform will be carried on a tiny silicon chip so that they will be as obsolete as the horse and cart after the invention of the motor car.One change will
make thousands,if not millions,redundant.
Even people in traditional professions,where expert knowledge has been the key,are unlikely to escape the effects of new technology.Instead of going to a solicitor,you might go to a computer which is progammed with all the most up-to-date
legal information.Doctors,too,will find that an electronic competitor will be able to carry out a much quicker and more accurate diagnosis and recommend more efficient courses of treatment.In education,teachers will be largely replaced by teaching machines far more knowledgeable than any human being.Most learning will
take place in the home via video conferencing.Children will still go to school though ,until another place is created where they can make friends and develop social skills.
What can we do to avoid the threat of unemployment?We shouldn’t hide our heads in the sand.Unions will try to stop change but they will be fighting a losing battle.People should get computer literate as this just might save them from professional extinction.After all,there will be a few jobs left in law,education and medicine for those few individuals who are capable of writing and programming the software of the
future.Strangely enough,there will still be jobs like rubbish collection and cleaning as it is tough to programme tasks which are largely unpredictable.
21.According to the writer,the rate of change in technology ____.
A)will remain the sameB)will slow down
C)will speed up D)can not be predicted
22.The writer expects that by 2010 new technology will have revolutionized communications and ____.
A)bookshops will not exist
B)the present postal system will have disappeared
C)people will no longer send letters
D)the postmen will have been replaced by the motor car
23.From the passage,we can infer that ____.
A)professionals won’t be affected by new techonology
B)doctors won’t be as efficient as computers
C)computers can not replace lawyers
D)experts will know less in the future
24.The passage tells us that in the future____.
A)children will not be taught in schools
B)no teachers will be needed
C)teachers will be less knowledgeable
D)children will learn life skills at school
25.In the writer’s view,____ .
A)people should be prepared for the future
B)there exists no threat of unemployment
C)unions can stop the unfavourable change
D)people had better become cleaners
Passage 2
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The World Health Organization says as many as 10 million persons worldwide may have the virus(病毒) that causes AIDS.Experts believe about 350 thousand persons have the disease.And one million more may get it in the next five years.In the United States,about 50,000 persons have died
with AIDS.The country’s top medical official says more than 90 percent of all Americans who had the AIDS virus five years ago are dead.
There is no cure for AIDS and no vaccine(疫苗) medicine to prevent it. However,researchers know much more about AIDS than they did just a few years ago.We now know that AIDS is caused by a virus.The virus invades healthy cells including white blood cells that are part of our defense system against disease.It takes control of the healthy cell’s genetic(遗传的) material and forces the cell to make a copy of the virus. The cell thendies.And the viral particles move on to invade and kill more healthy cells.
The AIDS virus is carried in a person’s body fluids.The virus can be passed sexually or by sharing instruments used to take intravenous(静脉内的) drugs.It also can be passed in blood products or from a pregnant woman with AIDS to her developing baby.
Many stories about the spread of AIDS are false.You cannot get AIDS by working or attending school with someone who has the disease.You can not get it by touching,drinking glasses or other objects used by such persons.Experts say no one has gotten AIDS by living with,caring for or touching an AIDS patient.
There are several warning signs of an AIDS infection.They include always feeling tired,unexplained weight loss and uncontrolled expulsion of body wastes(大小便失禁). Other warnings are the appearance of white areas on the mouth ,dark red areas of skin that do not disappear and a higher than normal body temperature.
26.Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A)As many as 350 thousand persons have AIDS.
B)The AIDS virus is carried in a person’s body fluids.
C)There’s no vaccine me dicine to prevent AIDS.
D)The AIDS virus is not spread by mosquitoes.
27.Concerning the ways the AIDS virus can be passed,which of the following
statements is wrong?
A)An AIDS mother can pass on the virus to her unborn child.
B)The AIDS virus can be passed on through infected blood.
C)The AIDS virus can be passed on by shaking hands and sharing belongings.
D)The AIDS virus is passed sexually.
28.The expression “a pregnant woman”(Para. 3) means____ .
A)a woman who has an unborn child in the body
B)a woman who is taking drug
C)a woman who has the AIDS virus
D)an unmarried mother
29.The fifth paragraph is mainly about____ .
A)the results of an AIDS infection
B)the possible symptoms of an AIDS infection
C)how the AIDS virus is spread
D)the diseases AIDS patients easily have
30.When the AIDS virus attacks our defense system____ .
A)it starts to destroy our white blood cells
B)we begin to feel tired
C)it means we will die very soon
D)our white blood cells can control it
Passage 3
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”;and there is no reason to doubt that this is true.But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards,at least in the early stages,had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) “drives”as thirst or hunger.In other words,a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort ,not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so.Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so taught them to carry out some simple movements,such as turning the head to one side or the other.Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure.So he began to study the children’s responses in situations where no milk was provided.He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on ”a display of lights —and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result,for instance,two left or two right,or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble”when the display came on.Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them,it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem,in mastering the skill,and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
31.According to the author,babies learn to do things which____ .
A)are directly related to pleasure
B)will meet their physical needs
C)will bring them a feeling of success
D)will satisfy their curiosity
32.Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby____ .
A)would make learned responses when it saw the milk
B)would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
C)would continue the simple movements without being given milk
D)would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink
33.In Papousek’s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in or
der to ____.
A)have the lights turned on
B)be rewarded with milk
C)please their parents
D)be praised
34.The babies would “smile and bubble” at the lights because____ .
A)the lights were directly related to some basic “drives”
B)the sight of the lights was interesting
C)they need not turn back to watch the lights
D)they succeeded in “switching on” the lights
35.According to papousek’s,the pleasure babies get in achievin g something is a reflection of ____.
A)a basic human desire to understand and control the world
B)the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
C)their strong desire to solove complex problem
D)a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
Passage 4
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
The pollution of Hong Kong’s beaches by oil from a damaged tanker last year recalls a similar incident which took place in Britain in 1967 when the Torrey Canyon,a huge oil tanker,split in two and caused disaster in coastal areas.Shoals of fishes were killed,sea birds hopelessly fouled with oil and coastal holiday resorts put out of business for several weeks. As a result of this particular incident scientists are becoming restless at the thought of Britain’s inability to cope with national disasters on a large scale.The reason for their concern is that technology is rapidly outstripping(超越)man’s ability to control it.
Oil tankers,for instance,have been allowed to get bigger and bigger without sufficient thought being given to emergency braking and manoeuvring arrangement.Collisions at sea continue,but little effect has been made to develop safety devices as effective as those used for aircraft.
Scientists were outspoken in expressing their concern during a recent meeting of the British Association.Unanimous approval was voiced when the leading speaker urged that a permanent national rescue services should
be established,equipped for any emergency and ready to move off immediately.
Of all the possible disasters mentioned,the one promoting most discussion was a major release of radioactivity from a nuclear power station.One does not need a particularly vivid imagination to visualize the other possibilities discussed.What would be the effect of a jumbo-jet crashing on a large chemical plant handling destroying liquids?Could the tapping of natural gas lead to any form of collapse?Suppose a lorry full of a highly poisonous chemical crashed unseen into a large reservoir?Dams can burst,abnormal conditions can lead to massive electrical blackouts.
An intensive study of such possibilities could at least reduce the effects of fu
ture disasters.For example,it would mean that a number of technical alternatives
(such as the choice between detergent or chalk for dispersing oil) could be exa
mined and tested in advance so that specially trained expert would know exactly
what action was needed in a given emergency.
36.The main idea of the second paragraph is that ____.
A)safety precautions in aircraft are not as effective as those used on ships
B)modern oil tankers can stop or turn easily in spite of their size
C)there are now fewer collisions at sea because of modern safety devices
D)oil tankers are so big that special devices are needed
37.The idea of a permanent national rescue service was welcomed by ____
of those present at the meeting of the British Association.
A)all B)the most outspoken C)some D)most
38.In the fourth paragraph the writer states that ____ .
A)on one occasion radioactivity escaped from a nuclear power station
B)an areoplane carrying destroying liquids might crash into chemical plant
C)a lorry once crashed into a reservoir
D)a terrible accident could happen in a nuclear power station
39.The main idea of the final paragraph is that ____.
A)in an emergency all the technical alternations should be studied
B)experts should be specially trained to determine the exact difference bet
ween detergent and chalk
C)we ought to decide what measures to take before a disaster occurs
D)technical experts should be examined and tested to see whether they are c
apable of selecting the right course of action in a future emergency
40.Of the following suggested titles the one most accurately summing up the
passage is ____ .
A)The Dangers of Modern Technology
B)The Problem of Oil Pollution
C)Some Interesting Accidents
D)A Meeting of the British Association
Part ⅢVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.Fo
r each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C), and D).Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41.Their final efforts were,of course,supposed to mend the damage ____ up
on the world by the war.
A)imposed B)focused C)thrown D)inflicted
42.The secretary and treasurer of our company ____ the meeting.
A)were to attend C)is attend
B)are to attend D)is to attend
43.I can’t comprehend his mother____ a thing lik e that to him.
A)do B)to do C)doing D)to have done
44.Jack lent me a few books ____ are of value.
A)that B)who C)what D)which
45.____in the factory, we learned a lot from the workers.
A)Working B)To work C)Work D)Worked
46.I wish that I ____ him yesterday.
A)could meet B)might meet
C)could have met D)met
47.____ ,Kitty would not have failed.
A)If she has listened to me
B)If she had listened to me
C)If she listened to me
D)As long as she listened to me
48.Parents have a legal____ to ensure that their children are provided wi
th efficient education suitable to their age.
A)impulse B)obligation C)influence D)sympathy
49.A____ of football players arrived at the hotel last night.
A)gang B)team C)troupe D)school
50.Do you know ____ ?He seems to know you well.
A)the name of the man C)the man’s the name
B)the name of the man’s D)name of the man’s
51.The detective thought the guilty party to be ____ because I had the st
rongest motive.
A)mine B)I C)me D)myself
52.It’s reported that____ adopted children want to know who their natural
parents are.
A)the most B)most of C)most D)the most of
53.Alone in a deserted house,he was so busy with his research work that he
felt____ lonely.
A)nothing but B)anything but C)everything but D)all but
54.Barak____ me the Hedrens are moving from No.12.
A)told B)will tell C)tell D)tells
55.What happened in that area probably reflects what is happening in society____
A)at length B)at large C)at random D)at first
56.The holidays____ when it rained.
A)start B)are starting
C)were about to start D)have started
57.Unless economic conditions improve next year,____ widespread unrest in
the United States.
A)there will be B)there would be
C)there should be D)there is
58.I bought a pair of shoes yesterday afternoon.The salesman says that they
____ for at least two years.
A)will last me B)will be lasted for me
C)will last for me D)will be lasted me
59.He would become irritated if he watched the mail ____ on his table every day.
A)to be put up B)pile up C)to pile up
D)putting up
60.He was so foolish____ his car unlocked.
A)for him to leave B)that leave
C)to leaving D)as to leave
61.Do you remember____ coming to see us last summer?
A)Mike’s and his father B)the Mike’s and his father’s
C)Mike and his father D)Mike and his father’s
62.When Katherine had seen the film,she ceased ____ in the novel.
A)interesting B)being
interested C)interest D)interested
63.____ his timely arrival,the boy would have been drowned.
A)But for B)Without for C)Except D)Except for
64.____ ,I will learn it well.
A)No matter how English is difficult B)However English is difficult
C)No matter how difficult is English D)However difficult English is
65.By no means ____ look down upon the poor.
A)should we B)we should C)we shall
D)we ought
66.He ____ go there by himself.
A)did to B)did C)went D)do
67.Francis Preston Blair,Jr.____ born in Kentucky,lived and practiced law in Missouri.
A)was B)he was C)although D)who he was
68.As a result of careless washing the jacket ____ to a child’s size.
A)compressed B)dropped C)shrank D)decreased
69.Edison____ inventions using electricity during his long career.
A)patented with many B)was patented many
C)patented for many D)patented many
70.I imagine I’ll ____ some friends instead of going to the theater.
A)reserve B)affect C)entertain D)envy
试卷二 Paper Two
Part ⅣShort Answer Quest ions (15 minutes)
Directions:There is 1 passage in this part with five
questions or unfinished statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words(not exceeding 10 words).
Loneliness is a curious thing. Most of us can remember feeling most lonely when
we were not in fact alone at all, but when we were surrounded by people.Everyone
has experienced,at some time,that utter sense of isolation that comes over you
when you’re at a party or in an audience at a lecture.It suddenly seems to you
as if everybody knows everybody else;everybody is sure of
himself;everybody,that is, except you.
This feeling of loneliness which can overcome you when you are in a crowd is very difficult to get rid of.People living alone are advised to tackle their loneliness by joining a club or a society,by going out and meeting people.Does this really help?
There are no easy solutions.Your first day at work,or at a new school or university,is a typical situation in which you are likely to feel lonely.You feel that everybody else is full of confidence and knows what to do ,but you are adrift and helpless.The fact of the matter is that,in order to survive,we all put on a show of self-confidence to hide our uncertainties and doubts.
In a big city it is particularly easy to get the feeling that everybody except you is leading a full,rich,busy life. Everybody is going somewhere,and you tend to assume that they are going somewhere nice and interesting,whereas your destination is less exciting and fulfilling.
71.What is the passage mainly about?
72.We feel mostly lonely when we____.
73.What do people usually do to tackle their loneliness?
74.Why do we try to hide our sense of loneliness when we start a new job?
75.What do you tend to assume other’s life to be when you are in a big city?
Part ⅤWriting (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a
composition on the topic ___College Students:No Longer Free.You should
write no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the outlines (given in Chinese) below.Remember to write it neatly.
1.大学教育改革有两项新的举措：交学费和不包分配。

2.两项措施的可取之处。

3.两项措施带来的新问题。

答案部分
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1.C
2.A
3.B
4.A
5.C
6.C
7.C
8.A
9.C10.D
Section B
11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D
16.B 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.C
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Passage One
【短文大意】这篇论述文论述了现代社会的科学技术日新月异，必将对未来社会的工作产生重大的影响。

例如新技术对通讯方式的影响，将使诸如邮差、职员、秘书等事务性工作者消失。

第二段论述即使传统上需要专业知识的行业也会受到新技术的影响。

人们不用再找律师询问法律知识；医生会受到计算机的挑战；老师也会大部分被机器取代。

人们通常在家里通过可视课堂学习，孩子们仍然上学也只是为了交朋友和培养社会能力。

因此，新技术将对我们造成失业的威胁。

第三段告诉我们应直面现实。

(not hide our head
s in the sand)工会为减少失业所做的努力必将失败，人们只有会用电脑才有幸不致失业，毕竟，各行业都需要有会编写电脑程序的人。

唯独收集垃圾的清洁工不须会用电脑。

也只因为编写变化难测的清洁工作的程序太难。

总之，短文论述了将来高科技的发展尤其是电脑将对许多行业产生重大影响，使人们面临失业威胁。

为此人们只有学会电脑，精通电脑才能在未来社会立于不败之地。

21.C 本题的落点在第一段的第二句。

句中rather than (而不是)连接两个意义相对的成分。

从 slow down (缓慢下来)可以推测 accelerate 意为“加速”，与C项中speed up相近。

22.B 本题的落点在第一段的第五、六句。

句中提到：人们将用电话线而不用邮政传递信息，邮差将消失。

23.B 本题的所述内容在第二段的前三句第三段倒数第二句。

其中第二段的第三句说明电子竞争对手即计算机能更快更准确地作出诊断，同时提供更有效的治疗措施。

因此可以断定B为正确项。

24.D 本题的落点在第二段的最后三句，注意以下词语 largely replaced 而不是 completely replaced, most learning 而不是 all learning,still go to school 以及 make friends and devolop social skills.
25.A 本题的落点在第三段的第四句。

本句的大意是：人们要想摆脱失业的命运，就得懂计算机 (get computer literate)。

言外之意就是要人们尽早为将来作准备。

B.C 两项与题意不符。

D项中提到的清洁工并非人们最理想的工作。

Passage Two
【短文大意】这是一篇说明文，说明了艾滋病的病因，传播和早期症状。

第一段通过患病人数和死亡人数说明了艾滋病对人们构成了严重威胁。

第二段讲艾滋病目前尚无药可治，但研究者已了解了其发病机理。

第三段讲艾滋病的传播途径。

第四段讲述了人们对其传播的一些错误认识。

最后一段说明了感染艾滋病后的一些常见症状。

该文可增进人们对艾滋病的初步了解。

26.D A.B.C 这三项表达的意思均可在文中找到，只有D项未在文中出现过。

27.C 根据文章的第三段和第四段我们可以断定只有C项不符合事实。

28.A a pregnant woman 意为“怀孕的妇女”。

从“from...to her developing baby”中可推测出此意。

29.B 该段的第一句话提供了解题所需的信息，题目中 symptoms 意为“症状”，即文中 warning signs 之意。

30.A 由文章的第二段可知，白细胞是人体免疫系统的组成部分，所以当艾滋病毒开始侵袭人的免疫系统时，人体内的白细胞就开始遭到破坏。

抓住关键处“The virus
invades healthy cells including white blood cells”.
Passage Three
【短文大意】该文通过专家的实验证明婴儿学习并不总是为了获得即时可见的奖赏，即满足一些基本生理需求，而有时是成功的结果激励他们学习。

成功地解决问题，掌握技巧也会让婴儿愉悦，故而人类天生就有一种了解世界，控制环境的欲望。

由此文可知人们学习虽多有功利目的，但学习本身也有很多乐趣，学习也是人类的本能，全文可分两部分，
第一部分是第一段，讲述人们一向认为婴儿学习只是为了看得见的物质回报。

后三段是第
二部分，通过Papousek的实验证明婴儿行动也有为着精神回报，即成功感会推动他们去做一些事情。

文中关键处是第一段第一句，起着过渡作用的第二段和第四段后半部分的结论。

31.C 问题是根据作者的观点，婴儿乐于学做哪些事情。

第二段第二句的大意是，婴儿乐于学做那些给他们带来成功结果的事情，而非奖赏之事。

第三、四段用例子论证，故正确答案应选C。

32.C 根据第三段说潘普塞克以牛奶为诱惑物，引诱婴儿做出一些简单的动作，如将头转向一侧。

结果他发现那些有足够牛奶可喝的婴儿便会拒绝牛奶，但却十分高兴地继续做出一些刚刚学会的简单动作。

这里的learned response 指的就是前句中的 some simple movement;go on 与C项中的 continue 同义。

因此，正确答案选C。

33.A 问题是关于在潘氏的实验中，婴儿做出一些刚学会的摇头动作是为了什么。

第三段第四句说“潘氏发现，年仅四个月的婴儿，只要在他们面前“打开一种亮光，他们就会学着转头看，甚至能够做出更为复杂的动作，例如，两次左转，两次右转，甚至朝一个方向转三次头”。

A项与本段信息相符，故正确答案应选A。

34.D 第四段第二句用强调句式说使婴儿高兴的并非是亮光本身，而是他们能够解决某个问题，掌握某种技巧的成功感。

D项与本句内容相符，故正确答案应选D。

35.A 根据文章第四段最后一句婴儿高兴的并非亮光本身，而是他们能够解决某个问题，掌握某种技巧的成功感。

这里存在着一种基本的人类欲望，就是了解世界和掌握世界。

这里的fundamental与basic意均为“基本的”，“基础的”，human urge与human desire均意为“人类欲望”；make sense of 与understand 均意为“了解，理解”。

故正确答案应选A。

Passage Four
【短文大意】这是一篇论述文，论述了现代科技的发展会给未来环境带来严重的破坏。

第一段通过两次油轮污染事件引出科学家对技术高速发展超出人类控制的担忧。

第二段仍然以油轮为例，说明油轮不断增大，与之配套的紧急安全措施却不如同样也在变大的飞机的措施那样有效。

第三段讲述英国科学家一致希望建立永久性全国救援机构。

第四段讲述了一些常见的可能的灾难。

最后一段讲述对灾难的研究定会帮助人们在突发时刻采取恰当措施，减轻灾难的危害。

总之，该文通过油轮污染事件及其影响论述了建立灾难应急中心，加强对灾难研究的必要性。

36.D 根据本文第二段 oil tankers 曾经越造越大而没有充分考虑紧急自动及手工操作设备。

海上碰撞在继续，但它的安全设施不及用于飞机上的有效。

A.B.C 三项与第二段内容相反，故选D。

37.A 根据文章第三段，科学家们在会议上表述各自对此事的关心，而unanimous approval意为“一致的意见、决定”，因此A项为此题最佳答案。

38.D 根据文章第四段，the one promoting most discussion was…句中promotin
g一词可以理解为“促进，激起”，意为“一个最能引起人们讨论的问题是……”而D答案中could happen恰恰说明了这一点。

第四段的the other possibilities discussed也可作辅证。

39.C 根据文章最后一段对这些可能性的研究表明至少可以减少未来的灾害，提前检验或实验所要采取的措施是十分必要的。

A.B.C三项显然与作者意图不符。

40.A 根据整篇文章，我们可以看出作者的意图是揭示现代科技将会给未来带来的后果；而并不单指“油污染”或几个发生的事件，更没有谈到会议。

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and structure
41.D 译文：当然，他们最终的努力是医治战争创伤。

解析：根据句意，D项inflicted意为“使遭受/承担”符合要求，故为答案。

选项A “imposed”虽也与on连用，但多表示“将…强加于某人”；选项 B。