英语专业四级阅读理解技巧与训练
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应对策略: 有的文章观点明确,基调清楚,这时跳读(skimming)文章的开头、结 尾及段落的首句和尾句。而另一些则需要阅读时对某些细节仔细琢磨。 尤其应注意有些表明作者观点词汇,如形容词、副词等。
这类题型将作者在文章中表露的观点态度作为考查内容,需要考生有较 强的推断能力,能从带有一定感情色彩的词句中发现作者所持的观点态 度,能从对某个细节的陈述中找到暗示作者态度、观点的关键词语。
来辅助理解。由于没有掌握正确的阅读方法,习惯于在不加限定的时间 内,对一小块文章精雕细琢,导致了逐词阅读接受信息的习惯。
应对策略: 寻读(scanning)定位相关词的出处。根据上下文与词的构造来猜测。 最好将四个选项带回文中,看看哪一个最合适。即使不是生词,也应当 作生词来猜。
语义理解题考查的是考生对阅读文章中出现的关键词、短语或句子含义 的理解能力。完成这类题目时不能孤立地根据某个句子或短语做出判断, 应把它放到上下文中去理解。此类题目的考查方式通常为两种:一种是 对单词和短语的考查;一种是对句子含义的考查。而对于文中单词的考 查又无外乎两种情况:一种是多义常用词在特定语境中的具体含义;一 种是可以根据上下文推测出含义的生僻词汇。
阅读理解五种体裁
说明文 记叙文 议论文 描写文 应用文 (尤其是新闻报道)
题型分析及应对策略
1.主旨类 2.态度类 3.细节类 4.推理类 5.词汇类 6.指代类 7.是非类
1.主旨类
(1) What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ? (2) What does this passage mainly (primarily) concerned ? (3) The main theme of this passage is ___________. (4) The main point of the passage is__________. (5) Which of the following is the best title for the passage ? (6) The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ___________. (7) On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found in a textbook ? (8) The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _________. (9) Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?
应对策略: 寻读(scanning),定位相关代词的出处,离它最近且单复 数一致的名词即是。注意英语中“they”既可指代人也可指代 物。
7.是非类
(1) which of the following is NOT true about the author’s family? (2 )According to the passage, which of the following is not a typical feature of the middle-class? (3) What is NOT mentioned as a benefit if flat sharing? (4) According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPT …
应对策略: 寻读(scanning)出现关键词的相应段落,四个答案中相同的词即为 关键词。仔细对比答案与文中相应细节。
此题型是阅读理解中最基本的题型,也是四级阅读理解中出现频率最 高的一类题型,其目的在于考查考生对文章事实内容的掌握,如时间、 地点、人物、事件等细节问题。
4.推理类
(1)The writer implies but not directly states that__________. (2) It can be inferred from the passage that_________. (3) The author strongly suggests that__________ . (4) It can be concluded from the passage that________. (5) The passage is intended to__________ . (6) The writer indicates that__________ .
3.细节类
(1) Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? (2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? (3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage? (4) The author mentions all of the following except . . . (5) The reason for . . .is . . . (6) The author states that . . . (7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...
6.指代类
(1) What does “it” refers to in Line 2, Paragraph 5? (2 )What does “they” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2? (3) What does “their” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2? (4) What does “its” refer to in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
应对策略: 推理类题,可能是针对文章整体也可能是针对某个细节。 如果是前者,跳读(skimming)文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句 和尾句。即可得出答案。 如果是后者,寻读(scanning)相应段落并仔细研读相应细节。
5.词汇类
(1) According to the author ,the word “…”means_______. (2) Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “…”? (3) The term “..”in paragraph… can be best replaced by …. (4) What’s the meaning of “…”in line …of paragraph….? (5) As used in the line …, the word “…”refers to _______.
应对策略: 仔细阅读文章,对文中细节和选项加以对比,注意文章所表达的 意思是否与选项中意思完全一致,切忌断章取义、以偏概全。
四级考试阅读理解中的四不要
(1)“指读” (2)“唇读” (3)“回读” (4)“译读”
(1)“指读”,即为了“集中注意力”,用手指或笔尖指着文章逐词阅读。 一
遇到生词,便停顿下来,无法在通篇理解的基础上继续进行阅读。
英语专业四级 阅读理解
大纲要求
1、测试要求 2、测试形式 3、测试目的 4、选材原则
Hale Waihona Puke 四阅读理解十大话题社会话题: 如商场偷窃(2004),体育商业化(2002) 教育话题: 如儿童择校(2001),大学教育(1997),教学方法(1997), 科技话题: 如轻型飞机(1993), 昆虫思维(1994), 人物传记: 某小说家(1992),个人历史(1996),姓氏溯源(2000) 历史研究: 北爱尔兰问题(1992),法国变化(1993) 妇女话题: 夫妻关系(2001),家电与妇女(2002) 种族话题: 民族矛盾(1998) 自然话题: 雪崩(1996),海啸(1997),潮汐(1992) 健康话题: 饮酒与心脏病(1995), 经济话题: 如瑞士银行(2000),中国经济特区(2004)
应对策略: 跳读(skimming)文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。主旨应该是宏观 的,但有不能失之空泛。
根据测试内容的不同,主旨大意题又可分为专四主旨大意题和段落主旨大意 题。所谓专四主旨是针对全文的主题进行提问,所谓段落主旨是针对某一段 或几段的主题提问。
2.态度类
(1) What’s the writer’s attitude to …? (2) What’s the tone of the passage? (3) The author’s view is _______ (4) The writer’s attitude of .this passage is apparently _________. (5) The author suggests that _________ (6) According to author __________
(2)“唇读”,即在阅读中寺喜欢读出声来,或即使不出声,嘴唇动,或脑 子
里也在想着读音,无形当中影响了大脑的思维速度。
(3)“回读”,即在阅读中遇到生词或不熟悉的短语时,返回句首甚至段首 重
读;对阅读容易产生心理定势,即认为自已第一遍肯定读不懂,因此反 复多遍,浪费很多时间。
(4)“译读”,即在阅读过程中,不断地进行膛词逐句的翻译,通过译成母 语
这类题型将作者在文章中表露的观点态度作为考查内容,需要考生有较 强的推断能力,能从带有一定感情色彩的词句中发现作者所持的观点态 度,能从对某个细节的陈述中找到暗示作者态度、观点的关键词语。
来辅助理解。由于没有掌握正确的阅读方法,习惯于在不加限定的时间 内,对一小块文章精雕细琢,导致了逐词阅读接受信息的习惯。
应对策略: 寻读(scanning)定位相关词的出处。根据上下文与词的构造来猜测。 最好将四个选项带回文中,看看哪一个最合适。即使不是生词,也应当 作生词来猜。
语义理解题考查的是考生对阅读文章中出现的关键词、短语或句子含义 的理解能力。完成这类题目时不能孤立地根据某个句子或短语做出判断, 应把它放到上下文中去理解。此类题目的考查方式通常为两种:一种是 对单词和短语的考查;一种是对句子含义的考查。而对于文中单词的考 查又无外乎两种情况:一种是多义常用词在特定语境中的具体含义;一 种是可以根据上下文推测出含义的生僻词汇。
阅读理解五种体裁
说明文 记叙文 议论文 描写文 应用文 (尤其是新闻报道)
题型分析及应对策略
1.主旨类 2.态度类 3.细节类 4.推理类 5.词汇类 6.指代类 7.是非类
1.主旨类
(1) What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ? (2) What does this passage mainly (primarily) concerned ? (3) The main theme of this passage is ___________. (4) The main point of the passage is__________. (5) Which of the following is the best title for the passage ? (6) The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ___________. (7) On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found in a textbook ? (8) The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _________. (9) Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?
应对策略: 寻读(scanning),定位相关代词的出处,离它最近且单复 数一致的名词即是。注意英语中“they”既可指代人也可指代 物。
7.是非类
(1) which of the following is NOT true about the author’s family? (2 )According to the passage, which of the following is not a typical feature of the middle-class? (3) What is NOT mentioned as a benefit if flat sharing? (4) According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPT …
应对策略: 寻读(scanning)出现关键词的相应段落,四个答案中相同的词即为 关键词。仔细对比答案与文中相应细节。
此题型是阅读理解中最基本的题型,也是四级阅读理解中出现频率最 高的一类题型,其目的在于考查考生对文章事实内容的掌握,如时间、 地点、人物、事件等细节问题。
4.推理类
(1)The writer implies but not directly states that__________. (2) It can be inferred from the passage that_________. (3) The author strongly suggests that__________ . (4) It can be concluded from the passage that________. (5) The passage is intended to__________ . (6) The writer indicates that__________ .
3.细节类
(1) Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? (2) Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? (3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage? (4) The author mentions all of the following except . . . (5) The reason for . . .is . . . (6) The author states that . . . (7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) ...
6.指代类
(1) What does “it” refers to in Line 2, Paragraph 5? (2 )What does “they” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2? (3) What does “their” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2? (4) What does “its” refer to in Line 3, Paragraph 2?
应对策略: 推理类题,可能是针对文章整体也可能是针对某个细节。 如果是前者,跳读(skimming)文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句 和尾句。即可得出答案。 如果是后者,寻读(scanning)相应段落并仔细研读相应细节。
5.词汇类
(1) According to the author ,the word “…”means_______. (2) Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “…”? (3) The term “..”in paragraph… can be best replaced by …. (4) What’s the meaning of “…”in line …of paragraph….? (5) As used in the line …, the word “…”refers to _______.
应对策略: 仔细阅读文章,对文中细节和选项加以对比,注意文章所表达的 意思是否与选项中意思完全一致,切忌断章取义、以偏概全。
四级考试阅读理解中的四不要
(1)“指读” (2)“唇读” (3)“回读” (4)“译读”
(1)“指读”,即为了“集中注意力”,用手指或笔尖指着文章逐词阅读。 一
遇到生词,便停顿下来,无法在通篇理解的基础上继续进行阅读。
英语专业四级 阅读理解
大纲要求
1、测试要求 2、测试形式 3、测试目的 4、选材原则
Hale Waihona Puke 四阅读理解十大话题社会话题: 如商场偷窃(2004),体育商业化(2002) 教育话题: 如儿童择校(2001),大学教育(1997),教学方法(1997), 科技话题: 如轻型飞机(1993), 昆虫思维(1994), 人物传记: 某小说家(1992),个人历史(1996),姓氏溯源(2000) 历史研究: 北爱尔兰问题(1992),法国变化(1993) 妇女话题: 夫妻关系(2001),家电与妇女(2002) 种族话题: 民族矛盾(1998) 自然话题: 雪崩(1996),海啸(1997),潮汐(1992) 健康话题: 饮酒与心脏病(1995), 经济话题: 如瑞士银行(2000),中国经济特区(2004)
应对策略: 跳读(skimming)文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。主旨应该是宏观 的,但有不能失之空泛。
根据测试内容的不同,主旨大意题又可分为专四主旨大意题和段落主旨大意 题。所谓专四主旨是针对全文的主题进行提问,所谓段落主旨是针对某一段 或几段的主题提问。
2.态度类
(1) What’s the writer’s attitude to …? (2) What’s the tone of the passage? (3) The author’s view is _______ (4) The writer’s attitude of .this passage is apparently _________. (5) The author suggests that _________ (6) According to author __________
(2)“唇读”,即在阅读中寺喜欢读出声来,或即使不出声,嘴唇动,或脑 子
里也在想着读音,无形当中影响了大脑的思维速度。
(3)“回读”,即在阅读中遇到生词或不熟悉的短语时,返回句首甚至段首 重
读;对阅读容易产生心理定势,即认为自已第一遍肯定读不懂,因此反 复多遍,浪费很多时间。
(4)“译读”,即在阅读过程中,不断地进行膛词逐句的翻译,通过译成母 语