流行病学专业英语词汇

流行病学专业英语词汇
A
安慰剂Placebo
安慰剂效应placebo effects
B
把握度study power
半试验semi-trial
保护率protective rate ,PR
报告偏倚reporting bias
暴露exposure
暴露标志exposure marker
暴露怀疑偏倚exposure suspicion bias
爆发调查outbreak survey
被动监测passive surveillance
比例研究proportional study
比值比Odds Ratio ,OR
必需病因necessary factor of cause
标点地图spot map
标化比例死亡比standardized proportional mortality ratio, SPMR 标化比值比standardized odds ratio, SOR
标化死亡比standardized mortality ratio, SMR
标准化standardization
标准化率比standardized rate ratio, SRR
“冰山”现象ice-berg phenomenon
丙型肝炎hepatitis C，HC
并联试验parallel test
病毒性肝炎viral hepatitis
病例报告case report
病例-病例研究case-case study
病例调查case survey
病例对照研究case-control study
病例交叉设计case-crossover design
病例交叉研究case-crossover study
病例-系列研究case-series study
病死率fatality rate
病因causation of disease
病因的异质性etiological heterogeneity
病因分值etiologic fraction，EF
病因链chains of causation
病因网web of causation
不合格ineligibility
不依从noncompliance
C
测量偏倚measurement bias
长期变异secular change, trend variation
超额死亡率excess mortality
超额危险度excess risk
巢式病例对照研究nested case-control study
成本效果分析cost -effectiveness analysis
成本效益分析cost-benefit analysis
成本效用分析cost-utility
成组匹配category matching
抽样调查sampling survey
抽样框架sampling frame
抽样误差sampling error
出生队列birth cohort
出生队列分析法birth cohort analysis
初级卫生保健primary health care ,PHC
传播概率transmission probability
传播机制mechanism of transmission
传播途径path of transmission
传播途径transmission route
传播因素transmitting factor
传染病communicable diseases
传染过程infectious process
传染性infectiousness
串联试验serial test
粗死亡率crude death rate改成crude mortality rate 较好粗一致性crude agreement
促成病因contributory factor of cause
错分偏倚misclassification bias
错误分类misclassification
D
大骨节病Kashin-Beck disease
大流行pandemic
代表性representativeness
单倍型haplotype
单纯随机抽样simple random sampling
单盲single blind
单项筛检single screening
等位基因allele
等位基因频率gene frequency
地方病endemic diseases
地方病学Endemiology
地方性endemicity
地方性氟中毒endemic fluorosis
地方性砷中毒endemic arsenism
点突变point mutation
点源流行point source epidemic
碘缺乏病iodine deficiency disease
调查随访研究survey follow-up study
调整一致性adjusted agreement
丁型肝炎hepatitis D，HD
动态人群dynamic population
毒力virulence
短期波动irregular variation, rapid fluctuation
队列cohort
队列研究cohort study
对象报告偏倚report bias
多归因程序的方法Multiple imputation procedure
多国心血管病趋势和决定因素监测
Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants inardiovascular Diseases, MONICA 多级抽样multistage sampling
多群组比较研究multi-group comparison study
多态性polymorphism
多项筛检multiple screening
E
恶性肿瘤流行病学cancer Epidemiology
二代侵袭率,续发率secondary attack rate，SAR
二级预防secondary prevention
F
发病率incidence rate, morbidity
发病密度incidence density
发病密度incidence density
发生率研究incidence study
飞沫droplet
飞沫核droplet nuclei
非即时性non-concurrent
非均衡性错分differential misclassification
非连续性状Discrete traits
肺炎与流感死亡率pneumonia and influenza deaths, 即P&I deaths
分层stratification
分层抽样stratified sampling
分层随机分组stratified randomization
分类变量categorical variable
分离分析segregation analysis
分子流行病学Molecular Epidemiology
封闭性抗体blocking antibodies
氟斑牙dental fluorosis
氟骨症skeletal fluorosis
负混杂negative confounding
复等位基因位点multiple alles
复杂性状complex trait
G
概念框架conceptual framework
干预随访研究intervention follow-up study 感染储主reservoir of infection
感染来源source of infection
感染力infectivity
感染谱spectrum of infection
感染梯度gradient of infection
感染性腹泻infectious diarrhea
感染性腹泻病infectious diarrheal disease 感染症infections or infectious diseases
高危人群策略high risk strategy
个案case
个案调查case study
个案调查individual survey
个体匹配individual matching
工程干预engineering intervention
共变法method of concomitant variation 共显性codominance
构成比proportion
固定队列fixed cohort
故意伤害intentional injuries
关联的合理性plausibility of association
关联的可重复性consistency of association 关联的强度strength of association
关联的时间性temporality of association 关联的特异性specificity of association
关联的一致性coherence of association
观察偏倚observational bias
观察性研究observational study
观察一致率observation agreement
广义遗传度broad heritability
归因危险度attributable risk
归因危险度百分比attributable risk percent, ARP, 或AR%
国际病毒分类委员会International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses，ICTV 国际冠心病预防工作组
The International Task Force for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease
国际疾病分类第十版International Classification of Diseases，ICD-10
国家结核病防治项目National Tuberculosis Program，NTP
国家卫生统计中心the National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS
H
合作率cooperation rate
核心家系Nuclear families
横断面研究cross sectional analysis
横断面研究cross-sectional study
患病率prevalence rate
回顾性研究retrospective studies
回忆偏倚recall bias
混合型流行mixed epidemic
混合研究mixed study
混杂confounding
混杂偏倚confounding bias
混杂因素confounder, confounding factor
活跃病区active endemic area
获得性免疫缺陷综合症acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS
霍桑效应Howthorne effect
J
机遇chance
基本繁殖率basic reproduction rate
基本繁殖数basic reproductive number,R0
基本人群base population or population at risk
基线信息baseline information
基因gene
基因毒性genotoxic
基因型Genotyping
基因型频率genotype frequency
及时性timeliness
疾病爆发disease outbreak
疾病标志Markers of disease
疾病的分布distribution of disease
疾病的自然史natural history of disease
疾病监测surveillance of disease
疾病链the disease chain
剂量反应关系dose—response relationship
季节性seasonal variation, seasonality
继发关联secondary association
家庭簇研究family cluster study
家庭聚集性Familial aggregation
家庭聚集性研究familial aggregation study
家庭相似性Family resemblance
家系研究pedigree study
甲型肝炎hepatitis A，HA
假阳性率false positive rate
假阴性率false negative rate
间接传播indirect transmission
间接关联indirect association
间接接触indirect contact
检出症侯偏倚detection signal bias
简单随机分组simple randomization
简明损伤定级法abbreviated injury scale，AIS
健康促进health promotion
健康工作者效应healthy worker effect
健康监测系统health information system, HIS
健康生命损失年years of life lived with disability, YLLD 教育干预educational intervention
结局outcome
结局变量outcome variable
截断点cutoff
金标准gold standard
经济干预economic intervention
经节肢动物媒介vector-borne
经空气air-borne
经食物food-borne
经饮水drinking water-borne
经载体vehicle-borne
精确性precision
聚合酶链式反应polymerase chain reaction，PCR
均衡性错分non-differential misclassification
均数回归趋势regression to the mean
K
抗原漂移antigenic drift
抗原转变antigenic shift
克山病Keshan disease
空间、时间集研究space-time cluster study
扩大免疫计划expanded program on immunization,EPI
L
来源同一identity by descent, IBD
类试验，准试验quasi-trial，quasi-experiment
类推法method of analogy
累积发病率cumulative incidence
罹患率attack rate
礼貌偏倚politeness bias
理论流行病学theoretical epidemiology
历史性historical
连锁linkage
连锁不平衡linkage disequilibrium
连锁分析Linkage analysis
连锁平衡linkage equilibrium
联合无应答偏倚combined nonrespondent bias
联系率contact rate
临床试验clinical trial
灵敏度sensitivity
领先时间偏倚lead time bias
流感病毒influenza virus
流行epidemic
流行病模型epidemic model
流行病学epidemiology
流行病学监测epidemiological surveillance
流行病学实验epidemiological experiment
流行过程epidemic process
流行曲线epidemic curve
流行性出血热epidemic hemorrhagic fever, EHF
流行性感冒Influenza
流行性肾病nephropathia epidemica,NE
率rate
率比rate ratio
率差rate difference, RD
轮状模式wheel mode
M
蔓延流行propagated or progressive epidemic
盲法blindness
美国国家胆固醇教育规划National Cholesterol Education Program，NCEP 描述流行病学descriptive epidemiology
描述性研究descriptive study
目标人群target population
N
内暴露剂量Internal Dose
内部有效性internal validity
内剂量internal dose
内剂量的测定internal dose meters
纳入/排除偏倚inclusion/exclusion bias
奈曼偏倚Neyman bias
P
排除exclusions
排除法method of exclusion
排除偏倚exclusive bias
配对pair matching
“皮鞋”流行病学shoeleather epidemiology
匹配matching
匹配变量matching variable
匹配过头overmatching
匹配因素matching factors
偏倚bias
频数匹配frequency matching
普查census
Q
前瞻性prospective 8
前瞻性研究prospective study
潜伏期incubation period
潜隐期latent period
潜在工作损失年数Working Years of Potential Life Lost, WYPLL 潜在价值损失年数Valued Years of Potential Life Lost, VYPLL 潜在寿命损失年potential years of life lost，PYLL
强制干预enforcement intervention
求同法method of agreement
求异法method of difference
全人群策略population strategy
缺课天数days lost from school
缺勤天数days lost from work
缺失数据missing data
确定性检验explicit testing
确定性模型deterministic model
R
人传人person to person spread
人类传染病anthroponosis
人类基因组计划human genome project
人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus,HIV
人群population
人群病因分值population etiologic fraction, PEF
人群的分层population stratification
人群归因危险度population attributable risk，PAR
人群归因危险度百分比population attributable risk percent，PARP 或PAR% 人群免疫性herd immunity
人群易感性herd susceptibility
人兽共患病，动物传染病zoonosis
人畜共患病anthropozoonosis
日期型date type。