二〇一二年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试
二〇一二年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试
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二〇一二年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试英 语 试 卷考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟2. 全卷共六道大题,总分120分3. 使用答题卡的考生,请将答案填写在答题卡的指定位置第一部分 听力部分(共计20分)I. Listening (本题共20分,每小题1分)Part One Choose the right picture according to what you hear.A B CD E F1. 2. 3. 4. 5.Part Two Match the best choice from A to G according to what you hear.( ) 6. Jim is goingA. home ( ) 7. Mary wants to goB. does homework ( ) 8. Jim sometimesC. to the cinema ( ) 9. Mary usuallyD. an excellent TV play ( )10. Mary thinks Home with Kids isE. a very good filmF. watches TVG. reads newspapersPart Three Choose the right answer according to what you hear.( )11. Jack lives ______ in England.A. in a villageB. on a farmC. in a town( )12. He went to Russia ______.A. on businessB. for a holidayC. to visit his friends ( )13. He stayed in Russia for______.A. a few daysB. a few weeksC. a few months( )14. He was almost knocked down because_______.A. the street was busyB. he was walking fastC. he forgot the traffic rules ( )15. The old man wanted to______.A. help JackB. tell Jack where he wasC. sell maps to JackPart Four Complete the note according to what you hear.16. Time:17. Person:18. Place:19. Happening:20. Result:第二部分语言知识运用(共计50分)Choose the best answer from A、B or C according to the meaning of the sentence. ( )21. Bill likes playing_____basketball, but he doesn‟t like playing_____piano.A. the, theB. /, theC. the, /( )22. A_____girl named Dong Xinyi looked after her disabled father.A. three-year-oldB. three-years-oldC. three years old ( )23. I have great_____ in learning math and I am so worried.A. troubleB. interestC. fun( )24. We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, _____we will be late for the meeting.A. andB. orC. but( )25. My grandpa is sleeping. Will you please_____the radio?A. turn downB. turn upC. turn on( )26. I‟ll take_____of the cameras, one is for my brother, the other is for Jim.A. eitherB. bothC. all( )27. Maria has few friends in China, _____?A. has sheB. doesn‟t sheC. does she ( )28. They_____five days finishing the work.A. paidB. tookC. spent( )29. The math problem is so hard. I really don‟t know_____.A. how to do itB. how to doC. what to do it( )30. She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.A. has been away fromB. has leftC. had left( )31. —Is that your teacher?—That_____be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Japan with his wife.A. can‟tB. mustn‟tC. may not( )32. Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei with his father_____to go to Shanghai.A. wantB. will wantC. wants( )33. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs_____it every day.A. practise to speakB. to practise speakingC. practise speaking ( )34. _____exercise you take, _____you‟ll be.A. The fewer, the fatterB. The less, the fatterC. The less, the more fatter ( )35. Our class are going to have a p icnic tomorrow. If you don‟t go, ______.A. so do IB. neither do IC. neither will IChoose the best answer to complete the passage.I used to watch a little girl 36 basketball every day from my kitchen window. One day I asked her why she practised so 37 . She said: “I would like to go to college. The only way is 38 a scholarship(奖学金). I like basketball and I want to be the 39 player in college. My dad told me: …If the dream is big enough, the facts don‟t count.‟ ” She40 changed her mind. I watched her through those junior high years and into senior high school. One day before she graduated 41 high school, I saw her sitting on the grass 42 .I asked her what was wrong. She told me her coach said she was 43 a short girl that she couldn‟t be a good basketball player, so she should44 dreaming about going to college. She was heartbroken and it45 made me feel sad. Then she smiled and told me her father said that coach was wrong. He did not understand the power of dream. Her father said to her: “If you really want to46 the scholarship of a good college, nothing but you 47 can stop your dream.” The next year, she and her team went to a big game. She 48 by a coach of a famous college team and was offered a scholarship to the 49 basketball team of their college. She was about to get the college education 50 she had dreamed of and worked towards for all those years. “If the dream is big enough, the facts don‟t count.” It is true.( )36. A. to play B. plays C. play( )37. A. many B. much C. little( )38. A. to get B. get C. got( )39. A. most B. good C. best( )40. A. never B. ever C. always( )41. A. in B. to C. from( )42. A. sad B. sadly C. happily( )43. A. too B. such C. so( )44. A. stop B. forget C. go on( )45. A. as well B. also C. too( )46. A. play for B. play with C. play against( )47. A. your B. yourself C. own( )48. A. saw B. was seeing C. was seen( )49. A. women ‟s B. woman ‟s C. womans ‟( )50. A. whom B. who C. thatIV. Communication (本题共20分,每小题2分)( A ) Choose the best response from A to F according to the sentences given. Each choiceshould be used only once.( )51. I‟m sorry I can‟t follow you.( )52. Would you mind my smoking here?( )53. Hello. Could I speak to Mr. Smith?( )54. Let‟s go to the park.( )55. Thank you for carrying the heavy box for me.( B ) Complete the dialogue with proper words or sentences.A: Excuse me. (56) ________________________________?B: The nearest restaurant is about 8 kilometers from here. You ‟d better take a bus.A: Can you tell me the way to the bus stop?B: Turn right at the second crossing. Keep walking and you ‟ll see it on your left.A: (57) ________________________________?B: About ten minutes ‟ walk.A: Thank you very much.C (waiter ): (58) ________________________________?A: I ‟d like Beijing Roast Duck and a bottle of beer.C: OK. Wait a moment.(After twenty minutes )C: (59) ________________________________?A: It is delicious.C: I ‟m glad that you like it. Would you like something else?A: (60) ________________________________. I ‟m full. May I have the bill?C: OK.第三部分阅读理解(共计35分)E每小题2分)( A )Choose the best topic from A to F according to the meaning of each paragraph.No one knows when the first house was built and who was the first one to built the house.But the houses are changing all the time.( )61. What will the house of the future look like? Could it have gardens on its walls, or apool with fish for dinner? Architects (建筑学家) believe that they may come true oneday. The only thing for sure is the houses will be as green as possible in the future.( )62. Many architects in the world would like to build a house like a leaf, the surface of thehouse collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produceelectricity, and even make fresh air for the room. The“root”(根) of the house is deepunder the ground. It uses the soil to control the room‟s temperature.( )63. Like a lizard (蜥蜴), changing color with the weather is the most important design of alizard house. When it‟s in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn white toprotect it from strong heat. During dark days, it turns dark and takes in as much lightand heat as possible to produce energy.( )64. This design is perhaps for the future of food. It has a garden on the outside wall of thehouse. People can plant tomatoes, carrots and green tea on them. So every morning,you just need to walk outside and collect your meals.( )65. Looking to the future isn‟t the only way to be green. Sometimes, the old ways ofbuilding houses can also help cut down energy use. For example, a chimney (烟囱)can be a useful air conditioner because it is easier for hot air to run out of thechimney.( B )People enjoy traveling around the world during their holidays. Before traveling to NewYork, you‟d better know the following tips.★Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York. When you arrive at one of them, you can take a bus or taxi to any place in New York.★Public transport In New York there‟s a good bus and subway service. If you are pla nning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for ten journeys because it‟s cheaper. But you don‟t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, suchas the Empire State Building, 5th Avenue and Central Park.★Hotels There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is the Plaza on 5th Avenue, but you don‟t have to pay a lot to stay in the city; there are lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA(基督教青年会)near Central Park is great for young people.★Eating out T here are many kinds of food in New York and you shouldn‟t eat at McDonalds every day. There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown, for example.★Shopping Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on 5th Avenue. They are open seven days a week. But be careful when you look at the prices; you have to pay a special 8% tax (税)on everything you buy in New York.★Places to see Finally, there are a lot of places to see in New York—Times Square, the Statue of Liberty. And you shouldn‟t go hom e without climbing the Empire State Building to enjoy the scenery of the city.Judge the following sentences true ( T ) or false ( F ) according to the passage.( )66. You should buy ten subway tickets once when you take a subway in New York. ( )67. People must travel by subway or taxi in New York.( )68. The Plaza is the best hotel on 5th Avenue .( )69. If a camera is worth $300 in New York, you should pay $276.( )70. The Empire State Building is a good place for enjoying the scenery of the city.( C )Choose the best choice from A、B or C according to what you read.( )71. If Mary wants to be an assistant, she can phone the number______.A. 2853527B. 4323577C. 4332577( )72. You can get a 10% discount on any books if you______at the Book Store.A. show this voucherB. buy some ticketsC. buy some gifts ( )73. There are several kinds of books on sale except______.A. children‟s booksB. travel guidesC. magazines( )74. ______lost the white cat.A. CathyB. The assistantC. Carrie( )75. The assistant has lunch at the restaurant, she should______.A. pay nothingB. call 4323577C. work on Monday( D )Potatoes are very popular today. But in the past this was not true. Potatoes grew in South America 5,000 years ago. But they only became popular in other places 200 years ago.In the 16th century, the Spanish took the potato from South America to Europe. But the people didn‟t like this strange vegetable. Some people thought that their skins would look like the skin of the plant if they ate the potato. So they only ate the leaves. This made them sick because there is poison (毒药) in the leaves.In the 1800s, people started to eat potatoes. Potatoes became the main food in Ireland. Then something unlucky happened. In 1845, a disease killed all the potatoes in Ireland. Two million people died of hunger.Today each country has its potato dish. Germans eat potato salad, and the USA has the baked potato. Of course, the French invented French fries.Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Only one word for each blank.Potatoes were(76)______in South America 5,000 years ago. But they weren‟t popular in other places(77)______200 years ago. In the 16th century, the Spanish took them to Europe. They ate leaves (78) of having potatoes. As a result, people were badly ill because of the poison in the leaves. In the 1800s, people started to eat potatoes. (79)______, there was something wrong with the potatoes. Two million people died because of the shortage (缺少) of potatoes in 1845. But now there are many (80)______of potato dishes in the world.( E )In the mid 1990‟s, people started doing business on the Internet. There were two kinds of companies then. First, there were traditional companies. They sold things in stores. Then, there were Internet companies. They didn‟t have a store, and they only sold things on the Net.Traditional companies didn‟t want to lose any business. Quickly, they made their own websites and began selling things on the Net. These are the so-called“brick and click”companies (砖块点击公司). Many stores are made of brick. And you click on your mouse to buy things with your computer. That‟s where the name“brick and click”comes from.By the late 1990‟s, competition among Internet companies was great. So e-business like , , and were in trouble. Their profits (利润) were not very high. Many of these businesses were losing much money. In 2000, many e-businesses went out of business.Why are brick and click companies, like Barnes and Walmart so successful? First, many customers know and trust (相信) their names. Their websites are easy to remember. These companies also have a lot of experience. In a word, they know how to run a successful business.In the world of e-commerce (商业), companies are fighting for every dollar and every customer. Will brick and click companies win the war? Only time will tell.Answer the following questions according to what you read.81. How many kinds of companies were there in the mid 1990‟s?82. Did Internet companies sell things in stores or on the Net?83. What did the traditional companies do to keep their business?84. What gave Internet companies a lot of trouble by the late 1990‟s?85. What can you learn from Barnes and Walmart if you have an Internet company?第四部分书面表达(共计15分)(注意: 文中不能出现考生真实姓名、校名和老师名,否则不赋分)( A ) 6月1日,张丽莉老师班级的学生组织召开了“为老师祈福”的主题班会,会后由你(张佳岩)代表班委会给老师发一封E-mail。
2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考地理真题(含答案)
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2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考地理真题(含答案)2022年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试地理试卷考生注意:1.全卷共两道大题,总分100分2.使用答题卡的考生,请将答案填写在答题卡的指定位置一、选择题(每小题只有一个正确选项,每小题2分,共40分)1.在浩渺的宇宙中有一颗美丽的星球,它是人类共同的家园——地球,其形状是()A.圆形B.椭圆形C.规则球体D.不规则球体2.在图幅相同的情况下,下列哪幅地图表示的内容更详细()A.世界地图B.中国地图C.黑龙江省地图D.哈尔滨市地图3.提出大陆漂移说的科学家是()A麦哲伦B.哥白尼C.魏格纳D.加加林4.下列天气符号所表示的天气状况,适合在室外晾晒衣物的是()A.B.C.D.5.语言是人类最重要的交际工具,世界上使用范围最广的语言是()A.汉语B.英语C.法语D.阿拉伯语6.“我们亚洲,山是高昂的头;我们亚洲,河像热血流”,亚洲的地势特征是()A.中部高,四周低B.中部低,四周高C.西高东低D.东高西低7.具有“山河相间,纵列分布”特点的半岛是()A.阿拉伯半岛B.印度半岛C.中南半岛D.南极半岛8.下列旅游资源位于欧洲西部的是()A.卢浮宫B.吴哥窟C.悉尼歌剧院D.大金塔9.美国著名的高新技术区“硅谷”位于()A.华盛顿B.纽约C.洛杉矶D.旧金山10.我国在北极地区建立的科学考察站是()A.黄河站B.长城站C.中山站D.昆仑站11.我国海岸线漫长,拥有辽阔的海域,下列属于我国内海的是()A.渤海、琼州海峡B.渤海、台湾海峡C.黄海、琼州海峡D.黄海、台湾海峡12.我国人数最多的少数民族及其主要分布的省级行政区域简称是()A.汉族、黑B.蒙古族、内蒙古C.壮族、桂D.维吾尔族、新13.我国降水量分布的总趋势是()A.从东南沿海向西北内陆递减B.从北向南递减C.从西北内陆向东南沿海递减D.从西向东递减14.我国唯一流向北冰洋的河流是()A.长江B.黄河C.塔里木河D.额尔齐斯河15.自然资源是人类赖以生存的基本物质条件。
精品解析:2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考英语真题(原卷版)
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Sometimes the mistakes have____20____to do with you, but another person may force you to say sorry. Be sure to try talking about why you argue at first. If____21____of you still can agree with each other, what should you do? Keep____22____and ask a parent or a teacher for help.
A: Lucky you. I had to stay at home. But I’m planning to travel to Mount Changbai.
A. developedB. will developC. has developed
10.Learning to write is learning to think. ________ , you won’t know things clearly.
A. if you write them down
3.In our city museum, there are many old things from two ________ years ago on show.
A. thousandsB. thousands ofC. thousand
4.— Have you heard Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft (载人飞船) was sent up successfully?
2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考道德与法治真题(解析版)
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B:发挥市场的决定性作用,故排除B;
C:材料未涉及坚持社会主义市场经济体制,故排除C;
故本题选D。
13. 我国宪法规定,中华人民共和国人民法院是国家的( )
A. 权力机关B. 审判机关C. 行政机关D. 监察机关
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】本题考查我国的国家机关。
B:依据教材知识,人民法院是国家的审判机关,故B正确;
C. 每个人都成为维护国家安全的主角D. 增强公民安全意识,树立总体国家安全观
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】本题考查国家安全的相关知识。
D:国家安全是实现国家利益最根本的保障,是国家生存与发展的重要保障。材料中,设立全民国家安全教育日有利于增强公民安全意识,树立总体国家安全观,故D正确;
A:杜绝,说法绝对,故排除A;
A. 情感表达的方式是多种多样的B. 情感会随着环境的变化而改变
C. 只有正面的情感体验对成长有益D. 美好的情感可以通过有意义的活动获得
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】本题考查感受美好情感。
D:题干表述了小北参加了宣讲活动,深刻领悟到建党精神的内涵。可见美好的情感可以通过有意义的活动获得。D说法正确,符合题意;
C. 每个家庭的关系都变得和谐融洽D. 未成年人更好地获得家庭保护
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】本题考查家庭保护。
D:国家高度重视未成年人的健康成长。题干中,将家庭教育由传统“家事”上升为新时代的重要“国事”。这部法律的施行有利于未成年人更好地获得家庭保护,故D正确;
A:都能,说法绝对,故排除A;
B:家庭教育不能替代学校教育,故排除B;
A. AB. BC. CD. D
2022年齐齐哈尔物理中考试卷+答案+解析
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二○二二年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共20分。
每小题只有一个选项是正确的)1.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,1,2分)下列数据中,最接近生活实际的是( )A.一个鸡蛋的质量约为50 kgB.人正常步行的速度约为1.1 m/sC.家用液晶电视机的电功率约为1 000 WD.中学生的身高约为150 dm2.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,2,2分)下列有关声现象的说法正确的是( )A.声音在真空中传播的速度是3×108 m/sB.我们能分辨出不同乐器发出的声音,是因为它们的响度不同C.外科医生用超声波振动除去人体内的结石,是利用了声能够传递能量的性质D.在学校附近禁止机动车鸣笛,是在传播过程中控制噪声3.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,3,2分)下列物态变化过程中,需要吸收热量的是( )冰雪消融A清晨结露B深秋凝霜C泼水成冰D4.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,4,2分)下列属于光的反射现象的是( )激光引导掘进方向A碗中筷子“折断”B墙上的手影C物体在水面上的倒影D5.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,5,2分)“爱物理,爱生活”,对于生活中物理现象的认知是科学素养的体现。
下列对物理现象解释正确的是( )A.汽车刹车后不会立即停下来,是由于汽车受到惯性的作用B.利用荧光物质进行防伪,是因为红外线能使荧光物质发光C.炒菜时,菜很快熟了,主要是通过做功的方式增加了菜的内能D.高原地区不易用水煮熟食物,是由于水的沸点随着大气压的减小而降低6.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,6,2分)如图所示,人沿水平方向推水平地面上的箱子。
但没有推动。
下列说法正确的是( )A.人对箱子的推力没有做功B.箱子对地面的压力和地面对箱子的支持力是一对平衡力C.箱子受到的重力和地面对箱子的支持力是相互作用力D.人对箱子的推力小于地面对箱子的摩擦力7.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,7,2分)以下关于压强知识说法正确的是( )甲乙丙丁A.甲图中火车铁轨下面铺放枕木,是通过减小受力面积来增大压强的B.乙图中液体能从容器侧壁的孔中喷出,说明液体对侧面有压强C.人拿着丙图中的自制气压计从山下到山上,观察到玻璃管内水柱高度变小D.丁图中火车站台边缘标有安全线,是因为在气体中,流速越大的位置,压强越大8.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,8,2分)以下情景中,符合安全用电原则的是( )用湿手将电饭煲插头拔下来A电动机的金属机壳没有接地B发现有人触电立刻断开电源C一个插线板上同时使用多个大功率用电器D9.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,9,2分)对下列有关电和磁的四幅图描述正确的是( )甲乙丙丁A.如图甲,由小磁针静止时N极的指向可以判断b端与电源负极连接B.如图乙,奥斯特实验说明通电导线周围存在磁场,电流的磁场方向与电流方向无关C.如图丙,动圈式话筒与电动机工作原理相同D.如图丁,扬声器与发电机工作原理相同10.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,10,2分)如图所示,闭合开关S,向右调节滑动变阻器的滑片P,忽略温度对灯丝电阻的影响,下列说法正确的是( )A.电压表示数变大,电压表与电流表示数的比值不变B.电流表示数变小,电压表与电流表示数的比值变大C.小灯泡亮度变亮,电路总电阻变大D.小灯泡亮度变暗,电路总功率变小二、多项选择题(每小题3分,共9分。
2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考物理学业水平测试试题附解析
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2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考物理学业水平测试试题学校:__________ 姓名:__________ 班级:__________ 考号:__________注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单选题1.下列说法正确的是........................................................................................................... ()A.电动机工作时将机械能转化为电能B.“钻木取火”过程是将内能转化为机械能的过程C.蓄电池可以将电能转化为化学能D.热机是把机械能转化为内能的机器2.下列现象中,能用分子动理论解释的是()A.风吹时,风车转动B.滴在地砖上的污渍,时间越久越难擦干净C.水往低处流D.烟从烟囱里冒出来3.我们在公路上常常会看到汽车遇到紧急情况刹车留下的两条车胎擦痕,则下列说法正确的是 ........................................................................................................................................ ()A.擦痕越长,表明车的惯性越小B.刹车前,汽车只受牵引力作用C.擦痕是由于刹车时车胎与地面的摩擦增大造成的D.刹车过程中,汽车的机械能不变4.在探究杠杆平衡条件的实验中,多次改变力和力臂的大小主要是为了 ................... ()A.减小摩擦;B.使每组数据更准确;C.多次测量取平均值减小误差;D.获取多组实验数据归纳出物理规律.5.电磁铁是一个带有铁芯的螺线管,有着广泛的应用。
如果要增强其磁性,以下方法中可行的是()A.减小线圈的匝数B.增大线圈中的电流C.改变线圈中的电流方向D.减小线圈两端的电压6.如图是一种水位自动报警器的原理图,有关该报警器工作情况的下列叙述,不正确的是()A.红灯是报警灯,报警器工作时,必须依靠一般水的导电性,且水位必须到达AB.该报警器的红、绿灯不会同时亮C.当水位没有达到A时,电磁铁没有磁性,只有绿灯亮D.当该报警器报警时,电磁铁的上端是N极7.在如图所示的电路中,电源电压保持不变,电阻R1的阻值为10欧,滑动变阻器R2标有“5Ω 3A”字样。
2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考化学试题(含答案解析)
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C. 单质中只含有一种元素,则只含有一种元素的物质一定是单质
D. 通常相比铁更易与氧气发生化学反应,所以在空气中铝制品比铁制品更易被腐蚀
13.下列图像表示的对应关系正确的是
A. 向饱和的氯化钠溶液中气在密闭容器中点燃,充分反应
一、选择题(本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分,1~12小题每题有一个选项符合题意,13~15小题每题有一个成两个选项符合题意)
1.下列变化属于物理变化的是
A.石蜡熔化B.煤炭燃烧C.食物腐烂D.粮食酿酒
2.下图所示实验操作错误的是
A. 固体粉末装入试管 B. 给液体加热
C. 连接仪器 D. 检查装置气密性
通过以上实验,同学们对氢氧化钙的化学性质有了进一步的认识。
【实验探究】实验结束后,小华同学将试管丙中物质过滤,把所得滤液与试管丁中的溶液倒入一个干净的烧杯中混合,过一会儿先有气泡冒出,后有白色沉淀生成,从而确定混合前试管丁中溶液的溶质是______(填化学式)。
【提出问题】混合后烧杯中溶液的溶质成分是什么?
(1)仪器a的名称是______。
(2)请写出利用上述仪器和药品制取氧气的化学方程式______,若选用F装置收集氧气,应使气体从______(填“左”或“右”)端导管通入。
(3)利用A装置和上述药品制二氧化碳时,你选择的药品为______,长须漏斗末端要伸入液面以下的原因是______,选样的收集装置是______(填装置下方的字母),检验二氧化碳己收集满的方法是______。
(4)我国古代将炉甘石、赤铜和木炭粉混合加热到800℃,得到一种外观似金子的铜和锌的合金,其中涉及到的化学反应之一是: ,该反应中化合价升高的元素是______,发生还原反应的物质是______(填化学式)。
2022年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考地理真题 (2)
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2022年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试地理试卷考生注意:1.全卷共两道大题,总分100分2.使用答题卡的考生,请将答案填写在答题卡的指定位置一、选择题(每小题只有一个正确选项,每小题2分,共40分)1. 在浩渺的宇宙中有一颗美丽的星球,它是人类共同的家园——地球,其形状是()A. 圆形B. 椭圆形C. 规则球体D. 不规则球体【答案】D【解析】【详解】地球的极半径约为6357千米,赤道半径约为6378千米,平均半径约为6371千米,是一个赤道略鼓、两极稍扁的不规则球体,D正确,ABC错误。
故选D。
2. 在图幅相同的情况下,下列哪幅地图表示的内容更详细()A. 世界地图B. 中国地图C. 黑龙江省地图D. 哈尔滨市地图【答案】D【解析】【详解】相同图幅,范围越大,内容越简略;范围越小,内容越详细。
选项中的四幅地图按照范围从大到小排列依次为:世界地图>中国地图>黑龙江省地图>哈尔滨市地图,所以表示的内容由简单到详细依次是:世界地图、中国地图、黑龙江省地图、哈尔滨市地图,根据以上分析可知,哈尔滨市地图表示的内容更详细,D正确,ABC错误。
故选D。
3. 提出大陆漂移说的科学家是()A. 麦哲伦B. 哥白尼C. 魏格纳D. 加加林【答案】C【解析】【详解】麦哲伦是首次证实了地球是球体;哥白尼提出“日心说”;世界上最早提出“大陆漂移说”的是德国科学家魏格纳,他是在看到南美洲大陆与非洲大陆非常吻合的情况下提出来的;加加林是第一个进入太空的人类,也是第一个从太空中看到地球全貌的人,C正确,ABD错误。
故选C。
4. 下列天气符号所表示的天气状况,适合在室外晾晒衣物的是()A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】【详解】读图,熟记常用的天气符号可知,A表示大雨,B表示雷雨,C表示晴,D表示沙尘暴。
联系实际可知,C符合题意,ABD不符合题意。
故选C。
5. 语言是人类最重要的交际工具,世界上使用范围最广的语言是()A. 汉语B. 英语C. 法语D. 阿拉伯语【答案】B【解析】【详解】世界联合国六大语言是英语、俄语、法语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语和汉语。
2023年黑龙江齐齐哈尔市初中学业水平考试生物试卷真题(答案详解)
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C.建立自然保护区D.颁布相关法律和文件
16.下列有关生物分类的叙述,错误的是( )
A.种是最基本的分类单位
B.分类的主要依据是生物的形态结构和生理功能等
C.分类的单位由小到大依次是界、门、纲、目、科、属、种
D.分类单位越小,其中包括的生物共同特征就越多
17.下列动物与外界进行气体交换的结构不正确的是( )
A.鲫鱼——鳃B.蜥蜴——肺C.蚯蚓——湿润的体壁D.家鸽——肺和气囊
18.在生产生活中,细菌、真菌、病毒被人们广泛应用。下列对应错误的是( )
A.醋酸菌——制豆瓣酱B.乳酸菌——制作酸奶
C.酵母菌——制作面包D.流感病毒——生产流感疫苗
19.昆虫的发育过程属于变态发育。与家蚕相比,蝗虫不具有的发育阶段是( )
A.卵壳——保护卵的内部结构B.卵黄——胚胎发育的主要营养来源
C.胚盘——都能发育成胚胎D.卵白——保护和为胚胎发育提供营养
22.在染色体、DNA、基因三者之间包含关系的图示中,表述正确的是( )
A. B.
C. D.
23.正常情况下,人类精子的染色体组成是( )
A.22条+XB.22条+YC.22条+X或22条+YD.22对+X或22对+Y
A.心脏骤停时,应及时进行心肺复苏B.服用新药、贵药、进口药效果更好
C.有人晕倒,应拨打120急救电话D.燃气泄漏时,应关闭气源,开窗通风
二、连线题(每连对一组得1分,共10分)
26.请将下列菜豆种子的结构和功能连接起来。
胚芽A.发育成连接茎和根的部位
胚轴B.发育成茎和叶
胚根C.保护种子的内部结构
2022齐齐哈尔英语中考试卷(含答案解析)
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二○二二年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试(满分:120分考试时间:120分钟)第一部分语言知识运用(共计55分)Ⅰ.单项选择(每小题1分,共10分)从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,1)My brother Tom can play ping⁃pong well, but he can t play violin.A.the,/B.the,theC./,the2.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,2)—Could you please tell me how I can make more friends?—Sure. I think being honest is the first .A.stepB.scoreC.sense3.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,3)In our city museum, there are many old things from two years ago on show.A.thousandsB.thousands ofC.thousand4.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,4)—Have you heard Shenzhou XIV manned spacecraft(载人飞船) was sent up successfully?—Wow, that sounds . How great our country is!A.interestingB.excitingC.relaxing5.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,5)I ll go to senior high school soon. I can t believe how fast the time !A.went byB.went onC.went off6.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,6)5G technology has entered everyone s life. It will be used soon.A.hardlyB.exactlyC.widely7.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,7)—Father, I m afraid I can t win the English competition.—Believe in yourself, my girl, and tell yourself .A.don t give upB.not to give upC.to give up8.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,8)—Why do you have time to look after the homeless dogs?—the “double reduction” policy(双减政策), I have more free time.A.Because ofB.Even thoughC.As for9.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,9)So far, red tourism(旅游业) quickly and it s becoming more and more popular.A.developedB.will developC.has developed10.(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔,10)Learning to write is learning to think. ,you won t know things clearly.A.If you write them downB.Unless you write them downC.If you won t write them downⅡ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)Cloze 1(2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔)阅读短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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二〇一二年齐齐哈尔市初中学业考试英 语 试 卷考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟2. 全卷共六道大题,总分120分3. 使用答题卡的考生,请将答案填写在答题卡的指定位置第一部分 听力部分(共计20分)I. Listening (本题共20分,每小题1分)Part One Choose the right picture according to what you hear.A B CD E F1. 2. 3. 4. 5.Part Two Match the best choice from A to G according to what you hear.( ) 6. Jim is goingA. home ( ) 7. Mary wants to goB. does homework ( ) 8. Jim sometimesC. to the cinema ( ) 9. Mary usuallyD. an excellent TV play ( )10. Mary thinks Home with Kids isE. a very good filmF. watches TVG. reads newspapersPart Three Choose the right answer according to what you hear.( )11. Jack lives ______ in England.A. in a villageB. on a farmC. in a town( )12. He went to Russia ______.A. on businessB. for a holidayC. to visit his friends ( )13. He stayed in Russia for______.A. a few daysB. a few weeksC. a few months( )14. He was almost knocked down because_______.A. the street was busyB. he was walking fastC. he forgot the traffic rules ( )15. The old man wanted to______.A. help JackB. tell Jack where he wasC. sell maps to JackPart Four Complete the note according to what you hear.16. Time:17. Person:18. Place:19. Happening:20. Result:第二部分语言知识运用(共计50分)Choose the best answer from A、B or C according to the meaning of the sentence. ( )21. Bill likes playing_____basketball, but he doesn‟t like playing_____piano.A. the, theB. /, theC. the, /( )22. A_____girl named Dong Xinyi looked after her disabled father.A. three-year-oldB. three-years-oldC. three years old ( )23. I have great_____ in learning math and I am so worried.A. troubleB. interestC. fun( )24. We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, _____we will be late for the meeting.A. andB. orC. but( )25. My grandpa is sleeping. Will you please_____the radio?A. turn downB. turn upC. turn on( )26. I‟ll take_____of the cameras, one is for my brother, the other is for Jim.A. eitherB. bothC. all( )27. Maria has few friends in China, _____?A. has sheB. doesn‟t sheC. does she ( )28. They_____five days finishing the work.A. paidB. tookC. spent( )29. The math problem is so hard. I really don‟t know_____.A. how to do itB. how to doC. what to do it( )30. She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.A. has been away fromB. has leftC. had left( )31. —Is that your teacher?—That_____be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Japan with his wife.A. can‟tB. mustn‟tC. may not( )32. Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei with his father_____to go to Shanghai.A. wantB. will wantC. wants( )33. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs_____it every day.A. practise to speakB. to practise speakingC. practise speaking ( )34. _____exercise you take, _____you‟ll be.A. The fewer, the fatterB. The less, the fatterC. The less, the more fatter ( )35. Our class are going to have a p icnic tomorrow. If you don‟t go, ______.A. so do IB. neither do IC. neither will IChoose the best answer to complete the passage.I used to watch a little girl 36 basketball every day from my kitchen window. One day I asked her why she practised so 37 . She said: “I would like to go to college. The only way is 38 a scholarship(奖学金). I like basketball and I want to be the 39 player in college. My dad told me: …If the dream is big enough, the facts don‟t count.‟ ” She40 changed her mind. I watched her through those junior high years and into senior high school. One day before she graduated 41 high school, I saw her sitting on the grass 42 .I asked her what was wrong. She told me her coach said she was 43 a short girl that she couldn‟t be a good basketball player, so she should44 dreaming about going to college. She was heartbroken and it45 made me feel sad. Then she smiled and told me her father said that coach was wrong. He did not understand the power of dream. Her father said to her: “If you really want to46 the scholarship of a good college, nothing but you 47 can stop your dream.” The next year, she and her team went to a big game. She 48 by a coach of a famous college team and was offered a scholarship to the 49 basketball team of their college. She was about to get the college education 50 she had dreamed of and worked towards for all those years. “If the dream is big enough, the facts don‟t count.” It is true.( )36. A. to play B. plays C. play( )37. A. many B. much C. little( )38. A. to get B. get C. got( )39. A. most B. good C. best( )40. A. never B. ever C. always( )41. A. in B. to C. from( )42. A. sad B. sadly C. happily( )43. A. too B. such C. so( )44. A. stop B. forget C. go on( )45. A. as well B. also C. too( )46. A. play for B. play with C. play against( )47. A. your B. yourself C. own( )48. A. saw B. was seeing C. was seen( )49. A. women ‟s B. woman ‟s C. womans ‟( )50. A. whom B. who C. thatIV. Communication (本题共20分,每小题2分)( A ) Choose the best response from A to F according to the sentences given. Each choiceshould be used only once.( )51. I‟m sorry I can‟t follow you.( )52. Would you mind my smoking here?( )53. Hello. Could I speak to Mr. Smith?( )54. Let‟s go to the park.( )55. Thank you for carrying the heavy box for me.( B ) Complete the dialogue with proper words or sentences.A: Excuse me. (56) ________________________________?B: The nearest restaurant is about 8 kilometers from here. You ‟d better take a bus.A: Can you tell me the way to the bus stop?B: Turn right at the second crossing. Keep walking and you ‟ll see it on your left.A: (57) ________________________________?B: About ten minutes ‟ walk.A: Thank you very much.C (waiter ): (58) ________________________________?A: I ‟d like Beijing Roast Duck and a bottle of beer.C: OK. Wait a moment.(After twenty minutes )C: (59) ________________________________?A: It is delicious.C: I ‟m glad that you like it. Would you like something else?A: (60) ________________________________. I ‟m full. May I have the bill?C: OK.第三部分阅读理解(共计35分)E每小题2分)( A )Choose the best topic from A to F according to the meaning of each paragraph.No one knows when the first house was built and who was the first one to built the house.But the houses are changing all the time.( )61. What will the house of the future look like? Could it have gardens on its walls, or apool with fish for dinner? Architects (建筑学家) believe that they may come true oneday. The only thing for sure is the houses will be as green as possible in the future.( )62. Many architects in the world would like to build a house like a leaf, the surface of thehouse collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produceelectricity, and even make fresh air for the room. The“root”(根) of the house is deepunder the ground. It uses the soil to control the room‟s temperature.( )63. Like a lizard (蜥蜴), changing color with the weather is the most important design of alizard house. When it‟s in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn white toprotect it from strong heat. During dark days, it turns dark and takes in as much lightand heat as possible to produce energy.( )64. This design is perhaps for the future of food. It has a garden on the outside wall of thehouse. People can plant tomatoes, carrots and green tea on them. So every morning,you just need to walk outside and collect your meals.( )65. Looking to the future isn‟t the only way to be green. Sometimes, the old ways ofbuilding houses can also help cut down energy use. For example, a chimney (烟囱)can be a useful air conditioner because it is easier for hot air to run out of thechimney.( B )People enjoy traveling around the world during their holidays. Before traveling to NewYork, you‟d better know the following tips.★Arriving in New York There are three airports in New York. When you arrive at one of them, you can take a bus or taxi to any place in New York.★Public transport In New York there‟s a good bus and subway service. If you are pla nning to use the subway a lot, you should buy a subway ticket for ten journeys because it‟s cheaper. But you don‟t have to use public transport—there are lots of places you can go to on foot, suchas the Empire State Building, 5th Avenue and Central Park.★Hotels There are lots of good hotels in New York. The best is the Plaza on 5th Avenue, but you don‟t have to pay a lot to stay in the city; there are lots of smaller hotels and the YMCA(基督教青年会)near Central Park is great for young people.★Eating out T here are many kinds of food in New York and you shouldn‟t eat at McDonalds every day. There are good restaurants in Little Italy and Chinatown, for example.★Shopping Shopping in New York is fun. There are big shops on 5th Avenue. They are open seven days a week. But be careful when you look at the prices; you have to pay a special 8% tax (税)on everything you buy in New York.★Places to see Finally, there are a lot of places to see in New York—Times Square, the Statue of Liberty. And you shouldn‟t go hom e without climbing the Empire State Building to enjoy the scenery of the city.Judge the following sentences true ( T ) or false ( F ) according to the passage.( )66. You should buy ten subway tickets once when you take a subway in New York. ( )67. People must travel by subway or taxi in New York.( )68. The Plaza is the best hotel on 5th Avenue .( )69. If a camera is worth $300 in New York, you should pay $276.( )70. The Empire State Building is a good place for enjoying the scenery of the city.( C )Choose the best choice from A、B or C according to what you read.( )71. If Mary wants to be an assistant, she can phone the number______.A. 2853527B. 4323577C. 4332577( )72. You can get a 10% discount on any books if you______at the Book Store.A. show this voucherB. buy some ticketsC. buy some gifts ( )73. There are several kinds of books on sale except______.A. children‟s booksB. travel guidesC. magazines( )74. ______lost the white cat.A. CathyB. The assistantC. Carrie( )75. The assistant has lunch at the restaurant, she should______.A. pay nothingB. call 4323577C. work on Monday( D )Potatoes are very popular today. But in the past this was not true. Potatoes grew in South America 5,000 years ago. But they only became popular in other places 200 years ago.In the 16th century, the Spanish took the potato from South America to Europe. But the people didn‟t like this strange vegetable. Some people thought that their skins would look like the skin of the plant if they ate the potato. So they only ate the leaves. This made them sick because there is poison (毒药) in the leaves.In the 1800s, people started to eat potatoes. Potatoes became the main food in Ireland. Then something unlucky happened. In 1845, a disease killed all the potatoes in Ireland. Two million people died of hunger.Today each country has its potato dish. Germans eat potato salad, and the USA has the baked potato. Of course, the French invented French fries.Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Only one word for each blank.Potatoes were(76)______in South America 5,000 years ago. But they weren‟t popular in other places(77)______200 years ago. In the 16th century, the Spanish took them to Europe. They ate leaves (78) of having potatoes. As a result, people were badly ill because of the poison in the leaves. In the 1800s, people started to eat potatoes. (79)______, there was something wrong with the potatoes. Two million people died because of the shortage (缺少) of potatoes in 1845. But now there are many (80)______of potato dishes in the world.( E )In the mid 1990‟s, people started doing business on the Internet. There were two kinds of companies then. First, there were traditional companies. They sold things in stores. Then, there were Internet companies. They didn‟t have a store, and they only sold things on the Net.Traditional companies didn‟t want to lose any business. Quickly, they made their own websites and began selling things on the Net. These are the so-called“brick and click”companies (砖块点击公司). Many stores are made of brick. And you click on your mouse to buy things with your computer. That‟s where the name“brick and click”comes from.By the late 1990‟s, competition among Internet companies was great. So e-business like , , and were in trouble. Their profits (利润) were not very high. Many of these businesses were losing much money. In 2000, many e-businesses went out of business.Why are brick and click companies, like Barnes and Walmart so successful? First, many customers know and trust (相信) their names. Their websites are easy to remember. These companies also have a lot of experience. In a word, they know how to run a successful business.In the world of e-commerce (商业), companies are fighting for every dollar and every customer. Will brick and click companies win the war? Only time will tell.Answer the following questions according to what you read.81. How many kinds of companies were there in the mid 1990‟s?82. Did Internet companies sell things in stores or on the Net?83. What did the traditional companies do to keep their business?84. What gave Internet companies a lot of trouble by the late 1990‟s?85. What can you learn from Barnes and Walmart if you have an Internet company?第四部分书面表达(共计15分)(注意: 文中不能出现考生真实姓名、校名和老师名,否则不赋分)( A ) 6月1日,张丽莉老师班级的学生组织召开了“为老师祈福”的主题班会,会后由你(张佳岩)代表班委会给老师发一封E-mail。