九年级全球问题与人类思考英语阅读理解20题

九年级全球问题与人类思考英语阅读理解20题
1
<背景文章>
Global warming is one of the most pressing global issues that humanity is currently facing. It is primarily caused by the increase in greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere. The main greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide, which is released through various human activities. For example, the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas for energy production is a major contributor. When we drive our cars, use electricity from power plants that burn coal, or heat our homes with oil - based systems, we are emitting carbon dioxide into the air.
Another significant cause is deforestation. Trees play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide. However, large - scale deforestation for agriculture, logging, and urban expansion has reduced the number of trees available to absorb this gas. As a result, more carbon dioxide remains in the atmosphere, trapping heat and leading to a rise in global temperatures.
The impacts of global warming are far - reaching and severe. Rising sea levels are a major concern. As the temperature rises, glaciers and ice caps melt, adding more water to the oceans. This not only threatens coastal communities but also low - lying islands, which are at risk of being completely submerged. Extreme weather events such as more frequent and
intense hurricanes, droughts, and floods are also becoming more common. These events can cause destruction of infrastructure, loss of crops, and displacement of people.
In terms of possible solutions, there are several measures that can be taken. One important step is to transition to renewable energy sources. Solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy are clean alternatives to fossil fuels. Governments and businesses should invest more in the development and implementation of these renewable energy technologies. Additionally, reforestation efforts are crucial. Planting more trees can help absorb carbon dioxide and reduce the amount in the atmosphere.
As for the responsibility of humanity, every individual, community, and nation has a role to play. We need to be more conscious of our energy consumption. Simple actions like turning off lights when not in use, using public transportation or carpooling, and reducing waste can all contribute to reducing our carbon footprint. Nations also need to work together through international agreements to set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and to support developing countries in their efforts to combat global warming.
1. What is the main cause of global warming according to the article?
A. The melting of glaciers.
B. The increase in greenhouse gases.
C. Extreme weather events.
D. The growth of coastal communities.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章明确指出全球变暖主要是由地球大气中温室气体的增加引起的，选项A冰川融化是全球变暖的结果而非原因；选项C极端天气事件是全球变暖的影响；选项D沿海社区的发展与全球变暖的成因无关。

2. Which of the following is NOT a result of global warming?
A. Rising sea levels.
B. More frequent droughts.
C. The increase in forest area.
D. More intense hurricanes.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章提到全球变暖会导致海平面上升、更频繁的干旱和更强烈的飓风，而森林面积是在减少而非增加，因为森林砍伐是全球变暖的原因之一，所以C选项不是全球变暖的结果。

3. What can individuals do to help combat global warming?
A. Burn more fossil fuels.
B. Cut down more trees.
C. Be more aware of energy consumption.
D. Ignore the issue.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章提到人类个体需要更关注能源消耗，像随手关灯、使用公共交通等，而选项A燃烧更多化石燃料、选项B 砍伐更多树木、选项D忽视这个问题都是不利于应对全球变暖的做法。

4. Why is deforestation a problem related to global warming?
A. Because it makes the Earth cooler.
B. Because trees release too much carbon dioxide.
C. Because there are fewer trees to absorb carbon dioxide.
D. Because it has nothing to do with carbon dioxide.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章指出树木在吸收二氧化碳方面起着关键作用，森林砍伐导致可吸收二氧化碳的树木减少，从而使更多二氧化碳留在大气中，与选项A使地球更冷、选项B树木释放太多二氧化碳、选项D和二氧化碳无关等说法相悖。

5. What should governments and businesses focus on to deal with global warming?
A. Only on reducing waste.
B. On developing and using renewable energy.
C. On increasing deforestation.
D. On promoting the use of coal.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章提到政府和企业应该更多地投资于可再生能源的开发和应用来应对全球变暖，选项A仅关注减少废弃物过于片面；选项C增加森林砍伐是错误的做法；选项D推广使用煤炭会加剧全球变暖，因为煤炭燃烧会释放大量二氧化碳。

2
<背景文章>
Population growth is one of the most significant global issues that
humanity is facing today. With the continuous increase in the world's population, numerous problems have emerged, especially in terms of resource pressure, environmental pressure, and social pressure.
In terms of resource pressure, more people mean greater demand for basic resources such as food, water, and energy. For example, the demand for fresh water has been soaring. As the population grows, more water is needed for drinking, agriculture, and industrial use. However, fresh water resources are limited. In many regions, water scarcity has become a serious problem, leading to conflicts over water sources. Food is also a major concern. The expanding population requires more land for farming, but the amount of arable land is finite. This has led to over - cultivation in some areas, which in turn degrades the soil quality.
Regarding environmental pressure, a larger population generally leads to more pollution and greater consumption of natural resources. The increased number of people means more waste is generated. More cars are on the roads, more factories are operating, all of which release pollutants into the air, water, and soil. Deforestation is another consequence. As people need more land for living and farming, large areas of forests are being cut down. This not only destroys the habitats of countless species but also reduces the Earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide, exacerbating global warming.
Socially, population growth can put pressure on various aspects such
as education, healthcare, and employment. In many developing countries, schools are overcrowded because there are too many children to be educated. Healthcare systems are also strained as they have to serve more people with limited resources. Unemployment is a significant issue as well. With a large number of people entering the job market each year, there are not enough jobs available, leading to social unrest in some cases.
Fortunately, the global community has recognized these problems and has started to take some measures. For example, many countries are promoting family - planning policies to control population growth. At the same time, efforts are being made in sustainable development. This includes the development of renewable energy sources to reduce dependence on non - renewable resources. In terms of environmental protection, international cooperation is being strengthened to combat climate change and protect biodiversity.
6. What is the main reason for water scarcity according to the article?
A. The waste of water by people.
B. The limited fresh water resources and the increasing demand due to population growth.
C. The pollution of water sources.
D. The mismanagement of water resources.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章提到随着人口增长，对淡水的需求增加，而淡水资源是有限的，这才是导致水资源稀缺的主要原因。

A选
项中人们浪费水在文章未提及为主要原因；C选项水源污染不是主要原因；D选项水资源管理不善也未在文中表明是主要因素。

7. How does population growth affect employment?
A. It creates more job opportunities.
B. It has no impact on employment.
C. It leads to a shortage of jobs because more people are entering the job market.
D. It only affects employment in developing countries.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章明确指出随着大量人口每年进入就业市场，没有足够的工作岗位，所以人口增长导致就业岗位短缺，A选项与文章内容相悖；B选项错误，人口增长对就业有影响；D选项文中并未说只影响发展中国家的就业。

8. What is one of the consequences of deforestation mentioned in the article?
A. It makes the air cleaner.
B. It increases the number of species.
C. It reduces the Earth's ability to absorb carbon dioxide.
D. It improves soil quality.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章提到森林砍伐会破坏无数物种的栖息地并且降低地球吸收二氧化碳的能力，A选项森林砍伐不会使空气更清洁；B选项森林砍伐会减少物种数量而不是增加；D选项森林砍伐会降低土壤质量而不是提高。

9. Which of the following is an example of sustainable development mentioned in the article?
A. Building more factories.
B. Promoting family - planning policies.
C. Developing renewable energy sources.
D. Encouraging people to have more children.
答案：C。

中文解析：文章指出可持续发展包括开发可再生能源以减少对不可再生资源的依赖，A选项建造更多工厂不是可持续发展的例子；B选项计划生育政策是控制人口增长的措施，不是可持续发展的例子；D选项鼓励人们多生孩子与可持续发展相悖。

10. What is the main idea of this article?
A. The advantages of population growth.
B. The problems caused by population growth and global responses.
C. The history of population growth.
D. The population growth in developing countries only.
答案：B。

中文解析：文章主要
3
<背景文章>
Pollution has become one of the most serious global problems in modern society, especially environmental pollution which includes air, water and soil pollution.
Let's first look at the sources of these pollutions. For air pollution,
industrial emissions are a major source. Factories release a large amount of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides during production. Vehicle exhaust is also a significant contributor. The increasing number of cars on the roads emits carbon monoxide, particulate matter and other pollutants. In terms of water pollution, industrial waste water is often directly discharged into rivers and lakes without proper treatment. Domestic sewage also contains a lot of pollutants like phosphorus and nitrogen. Agricultural activities, such as the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers, can also contaminate water sources. As for soil pollution, improper waste disposal, especially the dumping of hazardous waste, is a main cause. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture can also lead to soil degradation and pollution.
The harm of environmental pollution to human health and the ecosystem is enormous. Air pollution can cause respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis and even lung cancer. Polluted air can also affect the cardiovascular system, increasing the risk of heart disease. Water pollution can lead to water - borne diseases. People may get sick from drinking contaminated water, such as cholera and hepatitis. In the ecosystem, polluted water can kill fish and other aquatic organisms, and disrupt the balance of the aquatic ecosystem. Soil pollution can reduce soil fertility, making it difficult for plants to grow. This in turn affects the entire food chain.
However, the treatment of environmental pollution also faces many difficulties. Firstly, the cost of pollution treatment is very high. For example, building advanced sewage treatment plants and air purification facilities requires a large amount of capital investment. Secondly, it is difficult to change people's long - established bad habits. For example, some people still litter casually, and some industries are reluctant to upgrade their production processes to reduce pollution for the sake of short - term economic benefits. But there is also hope. With the continuous improvement of environmental protection awareness, more and more people are beginning to take action to protect the environment. Governments around the world are also formulating stricter environmental protection laws and regulations to force enterprises to reduce pollution emissions.
11. What is a major source of air pollution according to the article?
A. Household waste
B. Industrial emissions
C. Natural disasters
D. Solar radiation
Answer: B. 文章明确提到工业排放（industrial emissions）是空气污染的一个主要来源，而家庭垃圾（Household waste）与空气污染无直接关联，自然灾害（Natural disasters）和太阳辐射（Solar radiation）也不是文中提及的空气污染的主要来源。

12. Which of the following can water pollution lead to?
A. Skin diseases
B. Mental illness
C. Water - borne diseases
D. Genetic diseases
Answer: C. 文中指出水污染会导致水传播疾病 Water - borne diseases），皮肤疾病（Skin diseases）、精神疾病（Mental illness）和遗传疾病 Genetic diseases）并非文中提及的水污染导致的疾病类型。

13. What can soil pollution cause?
A. Increase in soil fertility
B. Easy growth of plants
C. Difficulty for plants to grow
D. Improvement of the food chain
Answer: C. 文章提到土壤污染会降低土壤肥力 reduce soil fertility），使得植物难以生长 make it difficult for plants to grow），而不是增加土壤肥力、使植物容易生长或者改善食物链。

14. Why is the treatment of environmental pollution difficult?
A. Because there is no technology available.
B. Because people have good environmental protection habits.
C. Because the cost is high and it's hard to change people's habits.
D. Because governments don't care about it.
Answer: C. 文中阐述了环境污染治理困难的两个原因，一是治理
成本高，二是人们的习惯难以改变，A选项说没有可用技术是错误的，B选项说人们有良好的环保习惯与原文相悖，D选项政府不关心也是不符合原文的。

15. What gives hope for environmental protection?
A. People's increasing environmental protection awareness and strict laws.
B. The decrease of population.
C. The development of new polluting industries.
D. The abandonment of economic development.
Answer: A. 文章最后提到随着人们环保意识的提高the continuous improvement of environmental protection awareness）和政府制定更严格的法律法规Governments around the world are also formulating stricter environmental protection laws and regulations）给环境保护带来了希望，人口减少（The decrease of population）、新污染产业的发展 The development of new polluting industries）和放弃经济发展 The abandonment of economic development）都不是文中提及的带来希望的因素。

4
<背景文章>
Poverty is a global issue that affects millions of people around the world. It is not evenly distributed, with some regions suffering more severely than others. Sub - Saharan Africa, for example, has a high
concentration of poverty - stricken areas. In many parts of Asia, especially in some rural and remote areas, poverty is also a significant problem.
There are multiple factors contributing to poverty. One of the main causes is lack of education. People without proper education often have limited job opportunities, which in turn leads to low income. Another factor is the unequal distribution of resources. In some areas, natural resources are scarce, and at the same time, there is a lack of proper infrastructure to develop other industries. War and political instability also play a role. For instance, in countries torn by war, the economy is severely damaged, and people lose their homes and means of livelihood.
The impact of poverty on human development is far - reaching. Firstly, it restricts access to basic necessities such as food, clean water, and shelter. Children in poor families may suffer from malnutrition, which can have a negative impact on their physical and mental development. Secondly, poverty limits educational opportunities. Poor families may not be able to afford to send their children to school, thus creating a cycle of poverty that is difficult to break.
To eliminate poverty, there are several approaches. International cooperation is crucial. Developed countries can provide financial and technological support to developing countries. Education should be promoted on a large scale. By improving the educational level of the poor, they can gain more job skills and better employment opportunities. In
addition, promoting economic development at the local level, such as developing rural industries and improving agricultural productivity, can also help to reduce poverty.
16. What is one of the main factors contributing to poverty according to the article?
A. High population density
B. Lack of education
C. Excessive natural resources
D. Too much international cooperation
Answer: B。

详细解析：文章明确提到“One of the main causes is lack of education. People without proper education often have limited job opportunities, which in turn leads to low income.”，即缺乏教育是导致贫困的主要原因之一，而A选项人口高密度未提及，C选项自然资源过多与原文中资源分配不均相悖，D选项过多国际合作也不符合原文提到的国际合作有助于消除贫困的观点。

17. Which region is mentioned as having a high concentration of poverty - stricken areas?
A. North America
B. Sub - Saharan Africa
C. Europe
D. Australia
Answer: B。

详细解析：文章指出“Sub - Saharan Africa, for example,
has a high concentration of poverty - stricken areas.”，而北美、欧洲和澳大利亚并没有在文中被提及为贫困集中区域。

18. How does poverty restrict human development?
A. It provides more job opportunities.
B. It helps improve infrastructure.
C. It restricts access to basic necessities.
D. It promotes international cooperation.
Answer: C。

详细解析：文中提到“The impact of poverty on human development is far - reaching. Firstly, it restricts access to basic necessities such as food, clean water, and shelter.”，说明贫困限制了人类获取基本必需品，A选项提供更多工作机会、B选项帮助改善基础设施、D选项促进国际合作均与原文表述相悖。

19. What can developed countries do to help eliminate poverty?
A. Ignore developing countries.
B. Provide financial and technological support.
C. Steal resources from developing countries.
D. Create more wars in developing countries.
Answer: B。

详细解析：文章明确提到“International cooperation is crucial. Developed countries can provide financial and technological support to developing countries.”，A选项忽视发展中国家、C选项掠夺发展中国家资源、D选项在发展中国家制造更多战争都是违背消除贫困理念的错误行为。

20. Why is promoting education important for eliminating poverty?
A. Because it can make people lazier.
B. Because it can make people more beautiful.
C. Because it can help people gain job skills and better employment opportunities.
D. Because it can make people less healthy.
Answer: C。

详细解析：原文提到“Education should be promoted on a large scale. By improving the educational level of the poor, they can gain more job skills and better employment opportunities.”，A选项使人们更懒惰、B选项使人们更漂亮、D选项使人们更不健康都与教育对消除贫困的作用无关。