Belglu09年6月大学英语六级翻译指导及练习(4)

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2009年6月四级试题参考答案及听力原文

2009年6月英语四级试题参考答案及听力原文Part I Writing作文范文：Free Admission to MuseumsNowadays, an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad. The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the aut horities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society. Only with free access to this live ‘database’, can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them.However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well. The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations. As a result, our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control. On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors, some of which might not be well-purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museums.As a university student, I am in favor of the free-admission conduct. Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it. For example, museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some ‘closed’ days for museums for regular maintenance. Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting phenomenon and have sustainable development.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. A. He just wouldn’t look her in the dye.2. C cultural ignorance3.B Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.4.B A personnel training company.5. D he must get rid of his gender bias6.C It helped him make fair decisions.7.A He told him to get the dates right.8. embarrassed9. inclusiveness10. differences and similaritiesPart III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section A11. D. She has always enjoyed great popularity12. C. They are going to have a holiday13. B. He was very courageous14. B. Buy a new washing machine15. D. He is not excited about his new position16. D. The man offers to drive the women to the party17. C. Finalizing a contract18. A. She ordered some paperLong conversations19. B. He can no longer work at sea20. A. She passed away years ago21. C. She has never got on with her father22. B. He is excellent but looks bad-tempered23. C. Some of the packs do not contain manuals24. D. solve the problem at her company’s cost25. A. IdealSection B：26 A. it’s entertaining27.B. they may catch some disease28 D. continue the feeding till it get warm29C. he will lie whenever he wants30A. she made him apologize31D. move furniture for her32A. the atmosphere they live in is rather unreal33C. he has too much to know the value of things34D. she has no time to do it herself35B.Section C: Compound dictation36 concentrated 40 row37 information 41 suspected38 depends 42 phenomenon39 straight 43 efficiently44. our second rule of learning is this: it is better to study fairly briefly but often。

2009年6月英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及答案(word版)-中大网校

2009年6月英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及答案(word版)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing（30 minutes）(1)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to museums . you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法Part II （30 minutes）(1)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A．,B．,C )and D．. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How Do You See DiversityAs a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company. During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiff any confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was Opt the candidate’s “d ifferent”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding. He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting (避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of eye contact; not realizing it was cul tural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out, but will not miss that opportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our understanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions.Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult, employers who can eliminate invalid biases (偏见) from the process have a distinct advantage. My company, Mindsets LLC, helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots. A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make.“During my Mindsets c oaching session, I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets. The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company. When the real estate teethes began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to say in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on su pervising a diverse workforce. “Through one of the sessions, I discovered my personal bias,” he recalls. “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person, and being open to differences.” In his case, the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in toy department; and the two finalists were a man and a woman. liedI not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assume(2)Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from(3)What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?(4)What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?(5)After one of the workshops, account executive Dale realized that.(6)What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?(7)How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request for leave?(8)Doug felt ________ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.(9)After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to know the importance of ________ to their business.(10)When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes, we can achieve diversity and benefit from the ________ .Part III(1) <embed src="/m2/tingli/cet4/lnzt/cet420090620.mp3" width="300" height="56" type="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin" autostart="false" /> A．She expected more people at her party.B．She enjoys entertaining small children.C．She threw a surprise party for her friend.D．She has always enjoyed great popularity.(2)A．They are not used to living in a cold place.B．They feel lucky to live in Florida.C．They are going to have a holiday.D．They have not booked their air tickets yet.(3)A．He was pleased to get the medal.B．He was very courageous.C．He used to be a firefighter.D．He was accused of causing a fire.(4)A．Make a profitable investment.B．Buy a new washing machine.C．Get parts for the machine from Japan.D．Have the old washing machine fixed.(5)A．He is pleased with his exciting new job.B．He finds the huge workload unbearable.C．He finds his office much too big for him.D．He is not to excited about his new position.(6)A．The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow.B．The man has no idea what the right thing to do is.C．The woman doesn’t know how to get to the party.D．The man offers to drive the woman to the party.(7)A．Drawing up a business plan.B．Discussing a term paper.C．Finalizing a contract.D．Reviewing a co-authored article.(8)A．She ordered some paper.B．She had the printer repaired.C．She chatted online with a friend.D．She filled in an application form.(9)Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(10)A．She passed away years ago.B．She used to work as a model.C．She has been working at a clinic.D．She has been seriously It for years.(11)A．She has made lots of money as a doctor.B．She is going to take care of her old dad.C．She has never got on with her father.D．She is kind and generous by nature.(12)A．Ho dines out with his wife every weekend.B．He is excellent but looks bad-tempered.C．He does not care about his appearance.D．He is not quite popular with his patients.(13)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(14)A．Send a service engineer to do the repairs.B．Consult her boss about the best solution.C．Pass the man’s order to the right person.D．Solve the problem at her company’s cost.(15)A．ideal.B．Temporary.C．Partial.D．Creative.(16)Questions 26 to 28 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(17)A．They can harm nearby plants.B．They may catch some disease.C．They fight each other for food.D．They may pollute the environment(18)A．Place the food on warmer spots.B．Use prepared feed mixtures only.C．Avoid using any contaminated foodD．Continue the feeding till it gets warm.(19)Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.(20)A．She made him apologize.B．She readily forgave him.C．She broke up with him.D．She refused to answer his calls.(21)A．Buy hose new set of tires.B．Help clean her apartment.C．Lend her his batteries.D．Move furniture for her.(22)Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.(23)A．He always boasts about his rich father.B．He will grow up to be good for nothing.C．He has too much to know the value of things.D．He is too young to manage his inherited property.(24)A．She wants Amanda to get professional careB．She has no experience in raising children.C．She wants to show off her wealth.D．She has no time to do it herself.(25)A．The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies.B．The worship of money, beauty and pleasure.C．The attention the media focuses on them.D．The pursuing of perfection in performance.(26)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with theexact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）(1)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments __47__ it. They find the writing process __48__ and difficult.How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it English. with its rich vocabulary. being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion and never leaving one small room. When I meet students who think they can’t write, I knots, as a teacher my __51__ is to show them the rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to __52__ the moral and emotional development of my students.One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done just like exercise; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise, writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and __54__ after only a few weeks of journal writing.Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and __55__ lives. They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel,a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step __56__ to fluency, eloquence (雄辩), and command of language.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2009年6月大学英语四级真题与答案解析

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of Free Adkmission to Museums.You should write at least 120 words following the outlinegiven bellow:作文提纲：1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Free Admission to MuseumsPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn‟t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn‟t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate‟s “different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale‟s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization‟s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Doug admits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more …inclusive‟ to differences.”A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn‟t until my boss received Mindsets‟training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .1.What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A)He just wouldn‟t look her in the eye.B)He was slow in answering her questions.C)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .2. Tiffany‟s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from .A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that .A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC‟s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives‟ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants‟ diverse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee‟s request for leave?A)He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB)He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets‟workshops, the participants came to know the importance ofto their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve diversityand benefit from the between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said .Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once .After each question there willbe a pause . During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answersheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children.C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14. A) Make a profitable investment. C) Get parts for the machine from Japan.B) Buy a new washing machine D) Have the old washing machine fixed.15. A) He is pleased with his exciting new job.B) He finds the huge workload unbearable.C) He finds his office much too big for him.D) He is not so excited about his new position.16. A) The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow.B) The man has no idea what the right thing to do is.C) The woman doesn‟t know how to get to the party.D) The man offers to drive the woman to the party.17. A) Drawing up a business plan. C) Finalizing a contract.B) Discussing a term paper. D) Reviewing a co-authored article.18. A) She ordered some paper. C) She chatted online with a friendB) She had the printer repaired. D) She filled in an application form Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) His health is getting worse. C) His past life upsets him a good deal.B) He can no longer work at sea. D) He has not got the expected pension.20. A) She passed away years ago. C) She has been working at a clinic.B) She used to work as a model. D) She has been seriously ill for years.21. A) She has made lots of money as a doctor.B) She is going to take care of her old dad.C) She has never got on with her father.D) She is kind and generous by nature.22. A) He dines out with his wife every weekend.B) He is excellent but looks had-tempered.C) He does not care about his appearance.D) He is not quite popular with his patients.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistakeB) Some of the telephone systems don‟t work properlyC) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.24. A) Send a service engineer to do the repairs.B) Consult her boss about the best solution.C) Pass the man‟s order to the right person.D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.25. A) Ideal. C) PartialB) Temporary D) CreativeSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage .You will hear some questions. Boss the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) It is entertaining. C) It takes lots of time.B) It is a costly hobby. D) It requires training.27. A) They can harm nearby plants. C) They fight each other for food.B) They may catch some disease. D) They may pollute the environment.28. A) Place the food on warmer spots. C) Avoid using any contaminated food.B) Use prepared feed mixtures only. D) Continue the feeding till it gets warm.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) He will betray even his best friends.B) He is able to make up good excuses.C) He will lie whenever he wants.D) He tries to achieve his goal at any cost30. A) She made him apologize C) She broke up with him.B) She readily forgave him D) She refused to answer his calls.31. A) Buy her a new set of tires. C) Lend her his batteries.B) Help clean her apartment. D) Move furniture for her.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal.B) Their parents put too much pressure on them.C) It‟s hard for them to get along with other kids.D) They have to live in the shadow of their parents.33. A) He always boasts about his rich father.B) He will grow up to be good for nothing.C) He has too much to know the value of things.D) He is too young to manage his inherited property.34. A) She wants Amanda to get professional care.B) She has no experience in raising children.C) She wants to show off her wealth.D) She has no time to do it herself.35. A) The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies.B) The worship of money, beauty and pleasure.C) The attention the media focuses on them.D) The pursuing of perfection in performance.Section CDirections : In this section , you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea . When the passage is read forthe second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with theexact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required tofill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words youhave just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when thepassage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written .Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory. He(36) .on studying how quickly the human mind can remember (37) . One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis(假设), which simply means the amount you learn (38) on the time you spend trying to learn it . This can be taken as our first rule of learning.Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one, there is still the question of how we should use the four hours. For example, is it better to study for four hours (39) or to study for one hour a day for four days in a (40) ?. The answer, as youmay have (41) , is that it is better to spread out the study times. This (42) , through which we can learn more (43) .by dividing our practice time, is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus, (44).But we‟re not finished yet. We haven‟t considered how we should study over very short periods of time. (45).Should you look at the same word in rapid succession, or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again ?(46).Part IV Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the writing process 48 and difficult.How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- 49 English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can‟t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The January fashion show, called FutureFashion , exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren‟t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you‟re doing and shat your customers are used to,” he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs(企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional(过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur,” says Hahn.Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not thatI‟m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she‟s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn‟t too expensiv e.” By her own admission, green just isn‟t yet on her mind. But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.57. What is said about FutureFashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic is that .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla‟s attitude toward ecofashion?A) She doesn‟t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of its practical value.B) She doesn‟t think it is sustainable D) She is very much opposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand(缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people‟shair.“You‟re what you eat and drink, and that‟s recorded in you hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling‟s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It‟s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),”Cerling said . “It‟s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It‟s still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”62. What is the scientists‟ new discovery?A) One‟s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A person‟s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You‟re what you eat and drink” (Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one‟s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one‟s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one‟s existence.64. What is said about the rainfall in America‟s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling‟s team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerling‟s research?A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan‟s car-makers. He‟s a young, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable 67 . He used to own Toyota‟s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses 68 subways and grains . “It‟s not inconvenient at all ,” he says 69 , “having a car is so 20th century.”Suda reflects a worrisome 70 in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 71 among the young ,who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 72 mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular ,everything in between is 73 .Last years sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent 74 you don‟t count the mini-car market . There have been 75 one-year drops in other nations :sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 76 a tax increase . But experts say Japan is77 in that sales have been decreasing steadily 78 time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007. 67. A) profit C) incomeB) payment D) budget68. A) mostly C) occasionallyB) partially D) rarely69. A) Therefore C) OtherwiseB) Besides D) Consequently70. A) drift C) currentB) tide D) trend71. A) remarkably C) speciallyB) essentially D )particularly72. A) While C) WhenB) Because D) Since73. A) surging C) slippingB) stretching D) shaking74. A) unless C) asB) if D) after75. A) lower C) broaderB) slighter D) larger76. A) liable to C) thanks toB) in terms of D) in view of77. A) unique C) mysteriousB) similar D) strangePart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.87. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (就不会被大雨淋湿了).89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are (更有可能增加体重).90. (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.91.The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (与缺乏锻炼密切相关)Alarmedby this state of 79 , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) 80 a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It foundthat a 81 wealth gap, demographic (人口结构的) changes and 82 lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their83 longer , replace their cars with smaller ones 84 give up car ownership altogether .JAMA85 a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer ,further consolidation (合并) in the automotive sector is 86 . 79. A) mess C) growthB) boom D) decay 80. A) proceeded C) launched B)relieved D) revised 81. A) quickening C) strengthening B) widening D) lengthening 82. A) average C) abundant B) massive D) general 83. A) labels C) vehicles B) cycles D) devices 84. A) or C) but B) until D) then 85. A) concludes C) reckons B) predicts D) prescribes 86. A) distant C) temporary B) likely D) immediate。

2009年6月英语四级真题及答案

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words followingthe outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Free admission to museumsPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete thesentences with the information given in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffanysays. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .”Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt veryembarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,”Doug admits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.”A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .1.What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A)He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B)He was slow in answering her questions.C)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from .A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to theauthor?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that .A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ diverse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request forleave?A)He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB)He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to know the importanceof to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achievediversity and benefit from the between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about whatwas said .Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once .Aftereach question there will be a pause . During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children.C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14. A) Make a profitable investment. C) Get parts for the machine from Japan.B) Buy a new washing machine D) Have the old washing machine fixed.15. A) He is pleased with his exciting new job.B) He finds the huge workload unbearable.C) He finds his office much too big for him.D) He is not so excited about his new position.16. A) The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow.B) The man has no idea what the right thing to do is.C) The woman doesn’t know how to get to the party.D) The man offers to drive the woman to the party.17. A) Drawing up a business plan. C) Finalizing a contract.B) Discussing a term paper. D) Reviewing a co-authored article.18. A) She ordered some paper. C) She chatted online with a friendB) She had the printer repaired. D) She filled in an application form Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) His health is getting worse. C) His past life upsets him a good deal.B) He can no longer work at sea. D) He has not got the expected pension.20. A) She passed away years ago. C) She has been working at a clinic.B) She used to work as a model. D) She has been seriously ill for years.21. A) She has made lots of money as a doctor.B) She is going to take care of her old dad.C) She has never got on with her father.D) She is kind and generous by nature.22. A) He dines out with his wife every weekend.B) He is excellent but looks had-tempered.C) He does not care about his appearance.D) He is not quite popular with his patients.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistakeB) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properlyC) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.24. A) Send a service engineer to do the repairs.B) Consult her boss about the best solution.C) Pass the man’s order to the right person.D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.25. A) Ideal. C) PartialB) Temporary D) CreativeSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage .You will hear some questions. Boss the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C) and D). Then the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) It is entertaining. C) It takes lots of time.B) It is a costly hobby. D) It requires training.27. A) They can harm nearby plants. C) They fight each other for food.B) They may catch some disease. D) They may pollute the environment.28. A) Place the food on warmer spots. C) Avoid using any contaminated food.B) Use prepared feed mixtures only. D) Continue the feeding till it gets warm. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) He will betray even his best friends.B) He is able to make up good excuses.C) He will lie whenever he wants.D) He tries to achieve his goal at any cost30. A) She made him apologize C) She broke up with him.B) She readily forgave him D) She refused to answer his calls.31. A) Buy her a new set of tires. C) Lend her his batteries.B) Help clean her apartment. D) Move furniture for her.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal.B) Their parents put too much pressure on them.C) It’s hard for them to get along with other kids.D) They have to live in the shadow of their parents.33. A) He always boasts about his rich father.B) He will grow up to be good for nothing.C) He has too much to know the value of things.D) He is too young to manage his inherited property.34. A) She wants Amanda to get professional care.B) She has no experience in raising children.C) She wants to show off her wealth.D) She has no time to do it herself.35. A) The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies.B) The worship of money, beauty and pleasure.C) The attention the media focuses on them.D) The pursuing of perfection in performance.Section CDirections : In this section , you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea . When the passageis read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, youcan either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main pointsin your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, youshould check what you have written .Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory. He(36) .on studying how quickly the human mind can remember (37) . One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis(假设), which simply means the amount you learn (38) on the time you spend trying to learn it . This can be taken as our first rule of learning.Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one, there is still the question of how we should use the four hours. For example, is it better to study for four hours (39) or to study for one hour a day for four days in a (40) ?. The answer, as you may have (41) , is that it is better to spread out the study times. This (42) , through which we can learn more (43) .by dividing our practice time, is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus, (44).But we’re not finished yet. We haven’t considered how we should study over very short periods of time. (45).Should you look at the same word in rapid succession, or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again ?(46).Part IV Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following thepassage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter foreach item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may notuse any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the writing process 48 and difficult.How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- 49 English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The January fashion show, called FutureFashion , exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and shat your customers are used to,” he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs(企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional(过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur,” says Hahn.Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not that I’m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensiv e.” By her own admission, green just isn’t yet on her mind. But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.57. What is said about FutureFashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic isthat .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward ecofashion?A) She doesn’t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of its practical value.B) She doesn’t think it is sustainable D) She is very much opposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand(缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in you hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),”Cerling said . “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”62. What is the scientists’ new discovery?A) One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink” (Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one’s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one’s existence.64. What is said about the rainfall in America’s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling’s team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan ’s car-makers. He ’s a young, successful executive at an Internet-servicescompany in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable 67 . He used to own Toyota ’s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses 68subways and grains . “It ’s not inconvenient at all ,” he says 69 , “having a car is so 20thcentury.” Suda reflects a worrisome 70 in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 71 among the young ,who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 72 mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are stillpopular ,everything in between is 73 .Last years sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent 74 you don’t count the mini-car market . There have been 75 one-year drops in other nations :sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 76 a tax increase . But experts say Japan is 77 in that sales have been decreasing steadily 78 time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007. 67. A) profit C) income B) payment D) budget 68. A) mostly C) occasionally B) partially D) rarely 69. A) Therefore C) Otherwise B) Besides D) Consequently 70. A) drift C) current B) tideD) trend 71. A) remarkablyC) specially B) essentiallyD )particularly 72. A) WhileC) When B) BecauseD) Since 73. A) surgingC) slipping B) stretchingD) shaking 74. A) unlessC) as B) ifD) after 75. A) lowerC) broader B) slighterD) larger 76. A) liable toC) thanks to B) in terms ofD) in view of 77. A) uniqueC) mysterious B) similarD) strange 78. A) overC) on B) againstD) behind Alarmed by this state of 79 , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) 80 a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a 81 wealth gap, demographic (人口结构的) changes and 82 lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their 83 longer , replace their cars with smaller ones 84 give up car ownership altogether .JAMA 85 a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer , further consolidation (合并) in the automotive sector is 86 .79. A) messC) growth B) boomD) decay 80. A) proceededC) launched B)relievedD) revised 81. A) quickeningC) strengthening B) wideningD) lengthening 82. A) averageC) abundant B) massiveD) general 83. A) labelsC) vehicles B) cyclesD) devices 84. A) orC) but B) untilD) then 85. A) concludesC) reckons B) predictsD) prescribes 86. A) distantC) temporary B) likelyD) immediate。

2009年6月全国大学英语六级考试真题和答案

2009年6月全国大学英语六级考试真题和答案On the Importance of a Name有人认为名字（名称）不重要；有人认为非常重要；你认为呢？On the Importance of a NameA name is the representation of a person or an entity. It plays an important role in social recognition, just as the old saying goes: a thing is the entity of a name. However, people have diverse opinions on the importance of a name. Some people say that name is important, while the others maintain the other way round. But I think name is of great importance because it is the symbol that distinguishes one thing or person from the others.We cannot deny the importance of a name, be it for a person or a thing. In the world today, no one can live without identification because they must get social recognition, and name is the symbol of the identification. Once a person or a thing gets social recognition, people will remember their names, and they will get further improvement. Besides, a good name will bring people some nice association. A person with a special name may be easily accepted by a group or a community because of the deep impression the name leaves.As for companies or products, a name is also vitally important. Years ago, a computer company spent millions of dollars for the name “Acer”. Since then, the company caught the attention of potential customers and became one of giants in the field. However, another company was facing bankruptcy, for the name of its product implies unfavorable meaning thus cannot be sold out. Can we say that name is not important?A name may affect the whole life of a person, and a name may also influence the future of a company and its products. Therefore, we must treat names carefully.快速阅读：1. B) enjoyed having the independence2. A) hinders their healthy growth3. D) somewhat mixed responses4. A) promote sensible promoting5. B) is much safer than before6. C) their fear is amplified by media exposure of crime7. D) their maturity and personal qualities8. unsafe situation9. anxiety10. every moment听力：Section A 短对话11. D) Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else.12. B) It will cool down over the weekend.13. C) Hosting a TV program.14. D) The plants should be put in a shady spot.15. C) Go to bed early.16. B) She has learned to appreciate modern sculptures.17. A)They seem satisfied with what they have done18. A)The man shouldn’t hesitate to take the course.长对话19 B）Domestic issues of general social concern.20 D）Based on public expectation and …21 D) Professional qualification22 A）Their average life span was less than 5023 C）learn to use now technology.24 D)When all people become wealthier25 C）Contol environment短文听力26. B)27 Ａ)t28. C)29 B)30B）31A）32Ｃ）33D)34 A)35D）36. tongue 37. official 38. administration 39 commerce40 spread 41 disadvantaged 42 confidence 43 investigate44. come to understand how it is used as a symbol of both individual identity and social connection45. infants born into English-speaking communities acquire their language before they learn to use folks and knives46. You are encourage to develop your own individual responses to various practical and theoretical issues47．From TV and fashion magazines.48. eating disorders49. impossibly proportioned50. three years51. make money仔细阅读52 B) efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out.53 D) The turtle’s population has decreased in spite of human protection54 B) Unregulated commercial fishing55 A) It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs.56 C) call for effectiv e measures to ensure sea turtle’s survival.57 C) College education is rewarding in spite of the starting costs.58 D) The gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed59 A）save more on tuition.60 D）consider college education a consumer product61 B）A satisfying experience with their budgets完型填空62．C63. B64. D65. A66. D67. B68. C69. A70. C71. B72. A73. D74. C75. B76. A77. D78. D79. C80. B81. A翻译82. him out of buying a car83. Keeping a sense of humor helps84. he had no choice but to confess the crime he had committed85. there must be someone who is speaking ill of them86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream。

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案

2009 年 6 月英语四级考试真题及答案Part I Writing （ 30 minutes）注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on thetopic ofFree Admission to Museums. You should write at least 120 words following theoutline givenbelow:1.越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么？2.也会带来一些问题3.你的看法Free Admission to MuseumsPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) （15 minutes）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passagequickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ），B），C ）andD ）. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positionswithher company. During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact.She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individualotherwise.He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions,but the fact that he never looked her in the eyesaid ―untrustworthy, ‖so she decided to offer the job to her secondchoice.―It wasn‘tuntil I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person wepassed over wasthe perfect person, ‖ Tiffany confesses. What she hadn ‘ t known at the time of the interview wasthat the candidate ‘s― different behavior‖ was simply a cultural misunderstanding. He was an Asian-American raised in a household whererespect for those in authority was shown by averting (避开 ) your eyes.―I was just thrown off by the lack of eye contact; not realizing it was cultural,‖Tiffany says. “I missed out, but will not miss that opportunity again. ”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the worldbecomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand ourunderstanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions.Hire Advantageeliminate invalid biases ( 偏见 ) from the process have a distinct advantage. My company, Mindsets LLC, helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots. A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make.“ During my Mindsets coaching session, I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets. The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company. When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to say in the real estate market muchlonger than others in the sameprofession. ‖Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsupervising a diverseworkforce. ―Through one of the sessions, I discoveredmy personal bias,‖he recalls. ―I learned Ihad not been looking at a person as a whole person,and being open to differences. ‖ In his case,the blindness was not about culture butrather gender.―I had a management position open in my department; and the two finalists were a man and awoman. Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was thebest candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel. My reasoning wouldhave been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in theposition, I assumed the woman would have wanted to b e home with her children and not travel. ‖Dale ‘ s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limitsan organization ‘ s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.―I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation, I neededto present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allowthem to make an informed decision. ” Dale credits the work shop, ― because it helped me makedecisions based onfairness. ‖Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops. He recalls a major lessonlearned from his ownemployee.―One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate ChineseNew Year. In my ignorance, I assumed he had his dates wrong‘,as thefirst of January had just passed. When I advised him of this, I gave him atong talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates.“ He patiently waited, then when I was done, he said he would likeChinese New Year off, not the Western New Year. He explained politelythat in his culture the new year did not begin January first, and thatChinese New Year, which is tied to the lunar cycle, is one of the mostcelebratedholidays on the Chinese calendar. Needless to say, I felt very embarrassedin assuming he had his dates mixed up. But I learned a great deal about assumptions, and that the timing of holidays varies considerably fromculture to culture.―Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply askingquestions and creating dialogues with toy employees, rather thanmaking assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all, ‖Dougadmits. ―The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ?inclusive ‘ to differences. ‖A Better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally,it is profitable as well. These comments from a customer servicerepresentative show how an inclusive attitude canimprove sales. ―Most of my customers speak English as a second language. One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone. It wasn ‘t until my boss received Mindsetstraining that she‘ was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service. As a result, our customer basehas increased. ‖ Once we start to see people as individuals, anddiscard the stereotypes, we can move positivelytoward inclusiveness for everyone. Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities. It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity.When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past, from the media, peers, family, friends, etc., we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed (有缺陷的 ) or contrary to our fundamental values. We need to train ourselves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

2009年6月大学英语六级真题及答案详解

2009年6月英语六级考试真题与答案Part I writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 有人说名字或名称很重要2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要3. 我认为On the Importance of a NamePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A．, B．, C．and D．. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range Kids Would you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Sleazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to "Long story short :my son got home from a department store on t he Upper East Side, she didn’t expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers.“Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence,”Sleazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. “Long story longer: Half the people I’vet told this episode to now want to turn on in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. It’s not. It’s debilitating (使虚弱)—for us and for them.”Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Sleazy’s decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the buffing ton post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined “More from America’s Worst Mom.”The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposingcamps. Are Modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised?From the “she’s an irresponsible mother”camp came: “Shame on you for being so careless about his safety,”in Comments on the buffing ton post. And there was this from a mother of four: “How would you have felt if he did’t come home?”But Sleazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by them selves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend: “Good for this Mom,” one commenter wrote on the buffing ton post. “This is a much-needed reality check.”Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Sleazy started her own blog—Free Range, kids—promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses—and even subways—all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. “At Free Rang e Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard.”So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations?Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than it’s ever been; it’s ranked 36th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stringer kidnaps are extremely rare; there’s a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years’ ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit research group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19.Then there’s the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall to wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much ai rtime that it’s not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their children’s time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of today’s parents werekids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise t themselves to school.The extra supervision is both a city and a suburb phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they are worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city that’s not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. “Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to the schools,” say s Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center.For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, there’s no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. What’s right for Sleazy’s nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issue, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. “The ability to follow parent guidelines, the child’s level of comfort in handling such situations, and a child’s general judgment should be weighed.”Gallagher agrees with Sleazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. “At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.”But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents did’t: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Sleazy got a lot of criticism because she didn’t give her kid her cell phone because she thought he’d lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on mom—a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids.And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter3parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child’s every movement via the Internet—without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as they’re on parole (假释).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

大学英语四级真题2009年06月

大学英语四级真题2009年06月(总分：693.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Writing{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1.越来越多的博物馆现在免费向公众开放，目的是……2. 有人认为这样做会带来一些问题3. 在我看来 {{B}}Free Admissions to Museums?{{/B}}（分数：106.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：[范文] Free Admissions to Museums? Recently, more and more museums are open to the public free of charge. By doing so. they can attract more visitors, and offer the visitors more opportunities to explore and get easy access to the world of history. culture and knowledge. However, some people view that the practice also brings problems and concerns. They are right in a sense. For one thing, their main concern is that with more visitors．it is possibility that objects exhibited can get damaged more easily. For another. it becomes a huge economic burden for museums to run as usual without any profits from the visitors. In my opinion, I am absolutely in favor of this practice. The reason lies in the fact that the government should provide more opportunities for citizens to explore and get access to the knowledge world. Moreover，kids and teenagers can acquire knowledge in a more vivid way in the museums. I hope all the people can share the game national treasures in more free museums. [写作点拨] ①审题及布局。

0xshnh09年6月大学英语六级翻译指导及练习

生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。

－－泰戈尔5) 顺序法顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。

例1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。

译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.在句子中，句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句，后半句的"开动"，"加热"，"使......运转"都是"电在为我们工作"的具体内容。

因而在译文中，译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing 形式，补充说明working的内容。

译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思，采用顺序法翻译，达到了"精确，通顺"的目的。

例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.译文: 那是周六的傍晚，汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上，一面听画眉鸟唱歌，一面写一首抒情诗，忽然看见女孩子们在树林里奔跑，后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。

2009年6月英语六级真题及答案解析

2009年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. you should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow.1. 有人说名字或名称很重要2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要3. 我认为...On the Importance of a NamePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range KidsWould you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to "Long story short :my son got home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didn’t expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers.“Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence,” Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. “Long story longer: Half the people I’ve told this episode to now want to turn on in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. It’s not. It’s debilitating (使虚弱)—for us and for them.”Online message board s were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazy’s decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the buffing ton post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined “More From America’s Worst Mom.”The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are Modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised?From the “she’s an irresponsible mother” camp came: “Shame on you for being so careless about his safety,” in Comments on the buffing ton post. And there was this from a mother of four: “How would you have felt if he didn’t come home?” But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by them selves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend: “Good for this Mom,” one commenter wrote on the buffing ton post. “This is a much-needed reality check.”Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog—Free Range, kids—promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses—and even subways—all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. “At Free Range Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard.”So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations?Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than it’s ever been; it’s ranked 36th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stringer kidnaps are extremely rare; there’s a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years’ ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit researc h group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19.Then there’s the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall to wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much airtime that it’s not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their children’s time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of today’s parents were kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise t themselves to school.The extra supervision is both a city and a suburb phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they are worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city that’s not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. “Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to the schools,”says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center.For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, there’s no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. What’s right for Skenazy’s nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issue, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. “The ability to follow parent guidelines, the child’s level of comfort in handling such situations, and a child’s general judgment sh ould be weighed.”Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. “At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.”But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents didn’t: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism be cause she didn’t give her kid her cell phone because she thought he’d lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on mom—a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids.And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child’s eve ry movement via the Internet—without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as they’re on parole (假释).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2009年6月大学六级翻译真题及解析

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌2009年6月CET6翻译参考答案82. him into stopping buying a car。

83. Keeping a sense of humor helps to84. he had to confess his crime。

85. someone must be talking about them behind their back。

86. it hard/difficult to resist the temptation of ice-cream。

2009年6月CET6翻译评析孙焕奂整体而言，本次考试的翻译难度中等，与往年基本持平，主要侧重对词组的考察，对考生的语言基本功有较高的要求。

大部分考点都是四六级的核心词汇和高频词组，所以只要考前充分复习，相信大部分考生都可以在考场上做到游刃有余。

82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ______________(说服他不买车)。

解析：做四六级翻译题的实质是补全句子，所以已给英文题干和中文部分都要仔细分析。

说服某人，考生第一反应是persuade sb. into doing sth.,但是题干已给动词talk，所以考察点是talk sb. into doing sth.，考生如果对这个词组不熟悉，可以大胆套用persuade这个词组的格式。

参考答案：him into stopping buying a car。

83. ________________(保持幽默感有助于)reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society。

解析：考点有两个，“幽默感”和“有助于”。

某方面的“感”，如正义感，责任感，在英语中都用“sense”来表达，即sense of justice, sense of responsibility。

2009年6月四级真题+及答案cet4

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案真题：真题：Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？你的看法？Free admission to museums Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the that he never looked her in the eye said job to her second choice. “It wasn‟t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we ,”Tiffany confesses. What she hadn‟t known at passed over was the perfect persondifferent”” behavior was simply a ‟s “differentthe time of the interview was that the candidatecultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. ”“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.”Many Many of of of us us us have have have had had had similar similar similar encounters encounters encounters with with with behaviors behaviors behaviors we we we perceive perceive perceive as as different. different. As As As the the the world world world becomes becomes becomes smaller smaller smaller and and and our our our workplaces workplaces workplaces more more more diverse, diverse, diverse, it it it is is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, company, Mindsets Mindsets Mindsets LLC LLC LLC ,helps ,helps ,helps organizations organizations organizations and and and individuals individuals individuals see see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make . “During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents agents were were were able able able to to to utilize utilize utilize their their their full full full potential potential potential and and and experiences experiences experiences to to to build build build up up up the the company .When the the real real real estate estate estate market market market began began began to to to change, change, change, it it it was was was because because because we we we had had had a a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I I had not had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being being open open open to to to differences .differences .” In In his his his case case case , , , the the the blindness blindness blindness was was was not not not about about about culture culture culture but but rather gender . “I I had had had a a a management management management position position position open open open in in in my my my department department department ;and ;and ;and the the the two two two finalists finalists were were a a a man man man and and and a a a woman . woman . Had Had I I I not not not attended attended attended this this this workshop workshop workshop , , , I I I would would would have have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman woman would would would have have have wanted wanted wanted to to to be be be home home home with with with her her her children children children and and and not not not travel .travel .”Dale Dale‟‟s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization ‟s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce . “I I learned learned learned from from from the the the class class class that that that instead instead instead of of of imposing imposing imposing my my my gender gender gender biases biases biases into into into the the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug Doug is is is another another another supervisor supervisor supervisor who who who attended attended attended one one one of of of my my my workshops .He workshops .He recalls recalls a a major lesson learned from his own employee. “One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from . A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes. B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance 3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author? A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel. B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures. C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment. D) Expanding domestic and international markets. 4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC? A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization. B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company 5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that . A) He had hired the wrong person. B) He could have done more for his company. C) He had not managed his workforce well. D) He must get rid of his gender bias. 6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC‟s workshop? A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted. B) It tapped into the executives‟ full potential. C) It helped him make fair decisions. D) It met participants‟ diverse needs. 7. 7. How How How did did did Doug, Doug, Doug, a a a supervisor, supervisor, supervisor, respond respond respond to to to a a a Chinese-American Chinese-American Chinese-American employee employee employee‟‟s request for leave? A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it down B) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it. 8. Doug felt when he realized that his assumption was wrong. 9. 9. After After After attending attending attending Mindsets Mindsets Mindsets‟‟ workshops, workshops, the the the participants participants participants came came came to to to know know know the the importance of to their business. 10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve diversity and benefit from the between us. Part III Listening Comprehension (35Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once .After each question there will be apause . During the pause, you must read the four choices markedA),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on sheet Answer sheet 22 with a single line through thecentre.11. A) She expected more people at her party. B) She enjoys entertaining small children. C) She threw a surprise party for her friend D) She has always enjoyed great popularity. 12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place. B) They feel lucky to live in Florida. C) They are going to have a holiday. D) They have not booked their air tickets yet. 13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter. B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire. 14. 14. A) A) A) Make Make Make a a a profitable profitable profitable investment. investment. C) C) Get Get Get parts parts parts for for for the the the machine machine machine from from Japan. B) B) Buy Buy Buy a a a new new new washing washing washing machine machine D) D) Have Have Have the the the old old old washing washing washing machine machine fixed. 15. A) He is pleased with his exciting new job. B) He finds the huge workload unbearable. C) He finds his office much too big for him. D) He is not so excited about his new position. 16. A) The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow. B) The man has no idea what the right thing to do is. C) The woman doesn‟t know how to get to the party. D) The man offers to drive the woman to the party. 17. A) Drawing up a business plan. C) Finalizing a contract. B) Discussing a term paper. D) Reviewing a co-authored article. 18. A) She ordered some paper. C) She chatted online with a friend B) She had the printer repaired. D) She filled in an application form Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. 19. A) A) A) His His His health health health is is is getting getting getting worse. worse. C) C) His His His past past past life life life upsets upsets upsets him him him a a a good good deal. B) B) He He He can can can no no no longer longer longer work work work at at at sea. sea. D) D) He He He has has has not not not got got got the the the expected expected pension. 20. A) She passed away years ago. C) She has been working at a clinic. B) She used to work as a model. D) She has been seriously ill for years. 21. A) She has made lots of money as a doctor. B) She is going to take care of her old dad. C) She has never got on with her father. D) She is kind and generous by nature. 22. A) He dines out with his wife every weekend. B) He is excellent but looks had-tempered. C) He does not care about his appearance. D) He is not quite popular with his patients. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistake B) Some of the telephone systems don‟t work properly C) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals. D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard. 24. A) Send a service engineer to do the repairs. B) Consult her boss about the best solution. C) Pass the man‟s order to the right person. D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard. 25. A) Ideal. C) Partial B) Temporary D) Creative Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short .At passages .At thethe end of each passage .You will hear some questions. Boss the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Then the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) It is entertaining. C) It takes lots of time. B) It is a costly hobby. D) It requires training. 27. A) They can harm nearby plants. C) They fight each other for food. B) They may catch some disease. D) They may pollute the environment. 28. A) Place the food on warmer spots. C) Avoid using any contaminated food. B) Use prepared feed mixtures only. D) Continue the feeding till it gets warm. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) He will betray even his best friends. B) He is able to make up good excuses. C) He will lie whenever he wants. D) He tries to achieve his goal at any cost 30. A) She made him apologize C) She broke up with him. B) She readily forgave him D) She refused to answer his calls. 31. A) Buy her a new set of tires. C) Lend her his batteries. B) Help clean her apartment. D) Move furniture for her. Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal. B) Their parents put too much pressure on them. C) It ‟s hard for them to get along with other kids. He(36) .on studying how quickly the human mind can remember (37) . means the amount you learn (38) on the time you spend trying to learn it . is it better to study for four hours (39) or to study for one hour a day for four days in a (40) ?. The answer, as you may have (41) , is that it is better (42) , through which we This (42) (43) .by .by dividing effect. Thus, (44) . very short periods of time. (45) .Should you .Should look at it again ?(46) . 47 it . They fine the writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments writing process 48 and difficult. it- 49 in it- an 50 mansion51 is to show them the rest of t write, I know as a teacher my any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . 53 , just Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so 56 to fluency , A)closer I) painful B)daily J) performance C)emotional K) profession D)enhance L) remarkably E)enormous M) require F)especially N) sensitive G)hinder O) urge H)mission fewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur,” says Hahn. Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, writer, is is is an an an example example example of of of the the the unconverted unconverted unconverted consumer, consumer, consumer, when when when asked asked asked if if if she she she owned owned owned any any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not that I ‟m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, shop, and when she does, she and when she does, she ‟s on the hunt for for ““cute cute stuff that stuff that isn isn‟‟t t too too too expensive.expensive.expensive.”” By By her her her own own own admission, admission, admission, green green green just just just isn isn isn‟‟t t yet yet yet on on on her her her mind. mind. mind. But But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be. 57. What is said about FutureFashion? A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green. B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far. C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized. D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable. 58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic is that . A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials . B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials . C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials . D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available . 59. W e learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion . A) can attend various trade shows free . B) are readily recognized by the fashion world C) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices . D) are gaining more and more support . 60. What is Natalie Hormilla ‟s attitude toward ecofashion? A) A) She She She doesn doesn doesn‟‟t t seem seem seem to to to care care care about about about it. it. C) C) She She She is is is doubtful doubtful doubtful of of of its its its practical practical value. B) She doesn ‟t think it is sustainable D) She is very much opposed to the idea 61. What does the author think of green fashion? A) Green products will soon go mainstream. B) It has a very promising future. C) Consumers have the final say. D) It will appeal more to young people. Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists Scientists have devised have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using using a a a strand(strand(缕) ) of of of hair hair hair , , , a a a technique technique technique that that that could could could help help help track track track the the the movements movements movements of of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims . The The method method method relies relies relies on on on measuring measuring measuring how how how chemical chemical chemical variations variations variations in in in drinking drinking drinking water water show up in people ‟s hair. “Y ou ‟re what what you you you eat eat eat and and and drink, drink, drink, and and and that‟that‟s s recorded recorded recorded in in in you you you hair,hair,hair,”” said said Thure Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah. While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move. Most Most hydrogen hydrogen hydrogen and and and oxygen oxygen oxygen atoms atoms atoms in in in water water water are are are stable stable stable , , , but but but traces traces traces of of of both both elements elements are are are also also also present present present as as as heavier heavier isotopes (同位素) . The The heaviest heaviest heaviest raid raid raid falls falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah. Similar Similar patterns patterns patterns exist exist exist throughout throughout throughout the the the U.S. U.S. U.S. By By By measuring measuring measuring the the the proportion proportion proportion of of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months. Cerling Cerling‟‟s s team team team collected collected collected tap tap tap water water water samples samples samples from from from 600 600 600 cities cities cities and and and constructed constructed constructed a a mop mop of the regional of the regional differences. differences. They They They checked the accuracy checked the accuracy o f the of the map map by testing by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops. They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems. “It It‟‟s s not not not good good good for for for pinpointing pinpointing pinpointing ((精确定位),),”” Cerling Cerling said said said . . . ““It It‟‟s s good good good for for eliminating many p ossibilities.”possibilities.” Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake. The The woman woman woman was was was 5 5 5 feet feet feet tall. tall. tall. Police Police Police recovered recovered recovered 26 26 26 bones, bones, bones, a a a T-shirt T-shirt T-shirt and and and several several strands of hair. When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months. She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming. me.”“It It‟‟s still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for 62. What is the scientists‟ new discovery? A) One‟s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink. B) A person‟s hair may reveal where they have lived. C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects. D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person. ” (Line 1, Para.3)? “Y ou‟re what you eat and drink63. What does the author mean by ‟s personality development. A) Food and drink affect oneB) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals. ‟s body tissues. C) Food and drink leave traces in one‟s existence. D) Food and drink are indispensable to one‟s West? 64. What is said about the rainfall in AmericaA) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah. B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland. C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas. D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward. 65. What did Cerling‟s team produce in their research? A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water. B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops. C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair. D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system. ‟s research? 66. What is the practical value of CerlingA) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions. B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed. C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work. 67 . . He uses 68 he says 69 , , “Suda reflects a worrisome 70 in Japan; 71 among the young ,who prefer to spend their devices. 72 73 .Last 74 been 75 one-year 76 a tax increase . But experts say Japan is 77 in that sales have been decreasing steadily 78 time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have state of 79 , , , the of 79 80 a a comprehensive a 81 wealth and 82 longer , 83 longer ones 84 give up car ownership altogether .JAMA 85 a a further ) in the automotive sector is 86 . 87. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had (Mary (, Mary 90. (Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 阅读答案阅读答案1. A. He just wouldn‟t look her in the dye。

2009年6月英语四级真题+听力原文

2009年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析Part I WritingFree Admission To Museums Nowadays,an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad.The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture,knowledge and history with every average person in our society.Only with free access to this live‘database’,can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them.However,free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well.The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations.As a result,our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels,which might be difficult to operate or control.On the other hand,free admission attracts too many visitors,some of which might not be well-purposed and do some conscious or unconscious damage to the valuable treasures which used to be well-preserved in the museums.As a university student,I am in favor of the free-admission conduct.Yet it is proposed that some measures should be taken to solve the potential problems caused by it.For example,museums can make some regulations to guide the behavior of visitors or set some ‘closed’days for museums for regular maintenance.Only in this way can free-admission to museums become a long-lasting phenomenon and have sustainable development.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1.A.由题干中的bothered,Tiffany,during an interview,定位到第一段第二、三句。

0dyqaxe09年6月大学英语六级翻译指导及练习

七夕，古今诗人惯咏星月与悲情。

吾生虽晚，世态炎凉却已看透矣。

情也成空，且作“挥手袖底风”罢。

是夜，窗外风雨如晦，吾独坐陋室，听一曲《尘缘》，合成诗韵一首，觉放诸古今，亦独有风韵也。

乃书于纸上。

毕而卧。

凄然入梦。

乙酉年七月初七。

-----啸之记。

翻译策略1) 分句法把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。

或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。

例1 八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。

译文: It was in mid-August,and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句)例2 他为人单纯而坦率。

译文: He was very clean.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了) 例3 The mother might have spoken with understandable pride of her child.译文: 母亲谈到她的孩子时，也许有自豪感，这是可以理解的。

(形容词被拆开)例4 I wrote four books in the first three years ,a record never touched before.译文: 我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。

(名词短语拆开)2)合句法把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。

例5 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。

译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句)例6 他们有遵守交通规则，机器出了故障。

译文：His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.(并列复合句合成一个单句)例7 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。

6月英语六级翻译题练习及答案解析(4)

丁克家庭中国有一句俗语叫做“不孝有三，无后为大”。

但现在，很多时尚的年轻夫妇选择不生育孩子的生活方式，组建了丁克家庭。

很多夫妻担心无法给孩子提供优越的生活条件，选择成为丁克家庭。

现在，孩子的教育费用比过去高很多。

在大城市，送孩子上好一点的幼儿园要花费巨资，重点中小学的学费更高。

还有一些夫妻成为丁克家庭是迫不得已。

当他们做好准备生育孩子时，已经错过了最佳生育年龄。

译文：A popular saying has it that “There are three forms of unfilial conduct, of which the worst is to have no descendants.”But now, it is quite fashionable for many young couples to choose a lifestyle without kids and organize the DINK family. Some couples who choose DINK family are fearful that they cannot provide favourable living conditions for children. Nowadays, the cost of educating a child is much higher than that of the past. In a big city, to send a child to a better kindergarten takes a large amount of money and the key primary or secondary schools are even more expensive. Some couples who have chosen DINK family are obliged to do so. When they make preparations for having a baby, it is a pity that they have missed the most fertile years.翻译词汇：不孝有三，无后为大。

2009年6月英语六级考试真题与答案

2009年6月英语六级考试真题与答案真题：Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. you should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 有人说名字或名称很重要2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要3. 我认为On the Importance of a NamePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A．, B．, C．and D．. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range KidsWould you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to "Long story short :my son got home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didn’t expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers.“Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence,”Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. “Long story longer: Half the people I’ve told this episode to now want to turn on in for child abuse. As if keeping页脚内容1kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. It’s not. It’s debilitating (使虚弱)—for us and for them.”Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazy’s decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the buffing ton post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined “More From America’s Worst Mom.”The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are Modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised?From the “she’s an irresponsible mother”camp came: “Shame on you for being so careless about his safety,”in Comments on the buffing ton post. And there was this from a mother of four: “How would you have felt if he didn’t come home?”But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by them selves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend: “Good for this Mom,” one commenter wrote on the buff ing ton post. “This is a much-needed reality check.”Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog—Free Range, kids—promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses—and even subways—all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. “At Free Range Kids, we b elieve in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard.”So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations?页脚内容2Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than it’s ever been; it’s ranked 36th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stringer kidnaps are extremely rare; there’s a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years’ ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit research group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19.Then there’s the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall to wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much ai rtime that it’s not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their children’s time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of today’s parents were kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise t themselves to school.The extra supervision is both a city and a suburb phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they are worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city that’s not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. “Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to the schools,” says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center.For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, there’s no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. What’s right for Skenazy’s页脚内容3nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issue, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. “The ability to follow parent guidelines, the child’s level of comfort in handling such situations, and a child’s general judgment should be weighed.”Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. “At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they ar e concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.”But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents didn’t: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their con trol a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism because she didn’t give her kid her cell phone because she thought he’d lose it and wanted him to le arn to go it alone without depending on mom—a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids.And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child’s every movement via the Internet—without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as they’re on parole (假释).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

0xtpsq09年6月大学英语六级翻译指导及练习

－－泰戈尔翻译语序1) 定语位置的调整汉语的定语，无论是单用还是几个连用，通常都放在所修饰的名词之前。

而在英语里，单词作定语时，一般放在所修饰的中心词之前，词组，短语和从句作定语时，则放在所修饰的名词之后。

汉语的定语译成英语时，有的可能是单词，有的可能是短语，有的可能是从句。

对这些成分的安排，要依据英语的语言习惯来处理。

反之亦然。

例1 实现我国社会主义现代化是一项我们必须努力完成的任务。

译文: The socialist modernization of our country is a task that we must do our utmost to fulfill.汉语中作"现代化"定语的"社会主义"在英语中只需要一个单词socialist 就可以表明，按照英语的习惯，放在所修饰的中心词modernization之前。

但是原文中"我国"翻成英语就不是简简单单的一个词了，而是一个介词短语of our country，置于中心词"现代化"之后，成为后置定语。

英译时，"任务"的定语"努力完成的"是一个从句that we must do our utmost to fulfil，按照英语习惯，应放在所修饰的中心词task之后。

例2 She was very happy to meet the artist who painted the picture.译文: 她很高兴能够遇到那幅画的艺术家。

全句的宾语是"艺术家"，英语里修饰the artist的成分在the artist之后，这是英语表达习惯所规定的。

但是转换成汉语时，就必须把定语修饰成分提前到中心词"艺术家"之前。

2009年6月四级考试真题及答案

2009年6月四级考试真题及答案Ddifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender . “I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of Januaryhad just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Doug admits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be m ore ‘inclusive’ to differences.”A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improves ales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was ab le to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to trainour-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmedfrom .A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that .A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ diverse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to know the importance of to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve diversity and benefit fromthe between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 shortconversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause . During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children.C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14. A) Make a profitable investment. C) Get parts for the machine from Japan.B) Buy a new washing machine D) Have the old washing machine fixed.15. A) He is pleased with his exciting new job.B) He finds the huge workload unbearable.C) He finds his office much too big for him.D) He is not so excited about his new position.16. A) The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow.B) The man has no idea what the right thing to do is.C) The wom an doesn’t know how to get to the party.D) The man offers to drive the woman to the party.17. A) Drawing up a business plan. C) Finalizing a contract.B) Discussing a term paper. D) Reviewing a co-authored article.18. A) She ordered some paper. C) Shechatted online with a friendB) She had the printer repaired. D) She filled in an application formQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) His health is getting worse. C) His past life upsets him a good deal.B) He can no longer work at sea. D) He has not got the expected pension.20. A) She passed away years ago. C) She has been working at a clinic.B) She used to work as a model. D) She has been seriously ill for years.21. A) She has made lots of money as a doctor.B) She is going to take care of her old dad.C) She has never got on with her father.D) She is kind and generous by nature.22. A) He dines out with his wife every weekend.B) He is excellent but looks had-tempered.C) He does not care about his appearance.D) He is not quite popular with his patients. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversationyou have just heard.23. A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistakeB) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properlyC) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.24. A) Send a service engineer to do the repairs.B) Consult her boss about the best solution.C) Pass the man’s order to the right person.D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.25. A) Ideal. C) PartialB) Temporary D) CreativeSection BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage .You will hear some questions. Boss the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) It is entertaining. C) It takes lots of time.B) It is a costly hobby. D) It requires training.27. A) They can harm nearby plants. C) They fight each other for food.B) They may catch some disease. D) They may pollute the environment.28. A) Place the food on warmer spots. C) Avoid using any contaminated food.B) Use prepared feed mixtures only. D) Continue the feeding till it gets warm. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) He will betray even his best friends.B) He is able to make up good excuses.C) He will lie whenever he wants.D) He tries to achieve his goal at any cost30. A) She made him apologize C) She broke up with him.B) She readily forgave him D) She refused to answer his calls.31. A) Buy her a new set of tires. C) Lend her his batteries.B) Help clean her apartment. D) Move furniture for her.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal.B) Their parents put too much pressure on them.C) It’s hard for them to get along with otherkids.D) They have to live in the shadow of their parents.33. A) He always boasts about his rich father.B) He will grow up to be good for nothing.C) He has too much to know the value of things.D) He is too young to manage his inherited property.34. A) She wants Amanda to get professional care.B) She has no experience in raising children.C) She wants to show off her wealth.D) She has no time to do it herself.35. A) The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies.B) The worship of money, beauty and pleasure.C) The attention the media focuses on them.D) The pursuing of perfection in performance.Section CDirections : In this section , you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea . When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written .Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory. He(36) .on studying how quickly the human mind can remember (37) . One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis(假设), which simply means the amount you learn (38) on the time you spend trying to learn it . This can be taken as our first rule of learning.Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one, there is still the question of how we should use the four hours. For example, is it better to study for four hours (39) or to study for one hour a day for four days in a (40) ?. The answer, as you may have (41) , is that it is better to spread out the study times. This (42) , through which we can learn more (43) .by dividing our practice time, is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus, (44).But we’re not finished yet. We haven’t considered how we should study over very short periods of time. (45).Should you look at the same word in rapid succession, or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again ?(46).Part IV Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the writing process 48 and difficult.How awful to be able to speak in alanguage but not to write in it- 49 English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practicejournal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .A) closer I) painfulB) daily J) performanceC) emotional K) professionD) enhance L) remarkablyE) enormous M) requireF) especially N) sensitiveG) hinder O)urgeH) missionSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The January fashion show, called FutureFashion , exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake greenfashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and shat your customers are used to,” h e says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs(企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up fromfewer than a dozen two years ago. This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional(过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur,”says Hahn.Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not that I’m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she doe s, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensive.” By her own admission, green just isn’t yet on her mind. But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.57. What is said about FutureFashion?A) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic is that .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials .C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward ecofashion?A) She doesn’t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of its practical value.B) She doesn’t think it is sustainable D) She is very much opposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashion?A) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people. Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Scientists have devised a way to determineroughly where a person has lived using a strand(缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in you hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move. Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogenand oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),”Cerling said . “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair. When Park heard about the research, he gavethe hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months. She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming. “It’s still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”62. What is the scientists’ new discovery?A) One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink” (Line 1, Para.3)?A) Food and drink affect one’s personality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary withindividuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one’s existence.64. What is said about the rainfall in America’s West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling’s team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.C) A method to measure the amount of water inhuman hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?A) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan’s car-makers. He’s a young, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable 67 . He used to own Toyota’s Hi lux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses 68 subways and grains . “It’s not inconvenient at all ,” he says 69 , “having a car is so 20th century.”Suda reflects a worrisome 70 in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 71 among the young ,who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 72 mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular ,everything in between is 73 .Last years sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent 74 you don’t count the mini-car market . There have been 75 one-year drops in other nations :sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 200776 a tax increase . But experts say Japan is77 in that sales have been decreasing steadily78 time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007.Alarmed by this state of 79 , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) 80 a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a 81 wealth gap, demographic(人口结构的) changes and 82 lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their 83 longer , replace their cars with smallerones 84 give up car ownership altogether .JAMA 85 a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer , further consolidation (合并) in the automotive sector is 86 .67. A) profit C) incomeB) payment D) budget68. A) mostly C) occasionallyB) partially D) rarely69. A) Therefore C) OtherwiseB) Besides D) Consequently70. A) drift C) currentB) tide D) trend71. A) remarkably C) speciallyB) essentially D )particularly72. A) While C) WhenB) Because D) Since73. A) surging C) slippingB) stretching D) shaking74. A) unless C) asB) if D) after75. A) lower C) broaderB) slighter D) larger76. A) liable to C) thanks toB) in terms of D) in view of77. A) unique C) mysteriousB) similar D) strange78. A) over C) onB) against D) behind79. A) mess C) growthB) boom D) decay80. A) proceeded C) launchedB)relieved D) revised81. A) quickening C) strengtheningB) widening D) lengthening82. A) average C) abundantB) massive D) general83. A) labels C) vehiclesB) cycles D) devices84. A) or C) butB) until D) then85. A) concludes C) reckonsB) predicts D) prescribes86. A) distant C) temporaryB) likely D) immediatePart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.87. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (就不会被大雨淋湿了).89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are (更有可能增加体重).90. (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.91.The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (与缺乏锻炼密切相关)参考答案Part I WritingFree Admission to MuseumsNowadays, an increasing number of museums are admission-free to visitors home and abroad. The hidden reason behind this is not hard to analyze as there’s a growing awareness for the authorities regarding the urgency of popularization of culture, knowledge and history with every average person in our society. Only with free access to this live ‘database’, can most people fully enjoy what museums could offer to them.However, free admission to museums might lead to some social problems as well. The most obvious problem is that it might give museums a very heavy economic burden which directly impedes the sustainable development of these organizations. As a result, our government has to work out other ways to collect funds from different channels, which might be difficult to operate or control. On the other hand, free admission attracts too many visitors, some of。

09年6月六级阅读理解翻译

阅读理解及翻译原文：For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you’d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct.But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered”—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help.Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in the ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles.Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection.1. We can learn from the first paragraph that ________.A．human activities have changed the way turtles surviveB．efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying outC．government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles’extinctionD．marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles’reproduction2. What does the author mean by “Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness”(Line 1, Para. 2)?A．Nature is quite fair regarding the survival of turtles.B．Turtles are by nature indifferent to human activities.C．The course of nature will not be changed by human interference.D．The turtle population has decreased in spite of human protection.3.What constitutes a major threat to the survival of turtles according to Elizabeth Griffin?A．Their inadequate food supply.B．Unregulated commercial fishing.C．Their lower reproductively ability.D．Contamination of sea water4. How does global warming affect the survival of turtles?A．It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs.B．The changing climate makes it difficult for their eggs to hatch.C．The rising sea levels make it harder for their hatchlings to grow.D．It takes them longer to adapt to the high beach temperature.5. The last sentence of the passage is meant to ________.A．persuade human beings to show more affection for turtlesB．stress that even the most ugly species should be protectedC．call for effective measures to ensure sea turtles’survivalD．warn our descendants about the extinction of species译文：在数亿年前的时间里，海龟一直在挣扎着离开大海到海滩上产卵，很久以前有有自然纪录片来庆祝他们,或GPS卫星和海洋生物学家来跟踪他们，又或者志愿者们用手把幼龟放在海边以避免它们受到光线的影响迷失方向而爬向汽车旅馆的停车场。

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一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了..
|-----郭敬明
翻译语序
1) 定语位置的调整
汉语的定语，无论是单用还是几个连用，通常都放在所修饰的名词之前。

而在英语里，单词作定语时，一般放在所修饰的中心词之前，词组，短语和从句作定语时，则放在所修饰的名词之后。

汉语的定语译成英语时，有的可能是单词，有的可能是短语，有的可能是从句。

对这些成分的安排，要依据英语的语言习惯来处理。

反之亦然。

例1 实现我国社会主义现代化是一项我们必须努力完成的任务。

译文: The socialist modernization of our country is a task that we must do our utmost to fulfill.
汉语中作"现代化"定语的"社会主义"在英语中只需要一个单词socialist 就可以表明，按照英语的习惯，放在所修饰的中心词modernization之前。

但是原文中"我国"翻成英语就不是简简单单的一个词了，而是一个介词短语of our country，置于中心词"现代化"之后，成为后置定语。

英译时，"任务"的定语"努力完成的"是一个从句that we must do our utmost to fulfil，按照英语习惯，应放在所修饰的中心词task之后。

例2 She was very happy to meet the artist who painted the picture.
译文: 她很高兴能够遇到那幅画的艺术家。

全句的宾语是"艺术家"，英语里修饰the artist的成分在the artist之后，这是英语表达习惯所规定的。

但是转换成汉语时，就必须把定语修饰成分提前到中心词"艺术家"之前。

2)状语位置的调整
汉语中状语习惯于放在主语之后，谓语之前。

但有时为了强调也可以放在主语之前。

英语中状语的位置要灵活得多。

就单词状语而言，它可以位于句首，句中，句末。

较长的状语常被置于句首或句末，句中的情况极少。

因此，在汉英，英汉互译时，状语位置的变换调整极为复杂。

例3上星期五我们在那家新餐馆尽情地吃了一顿。

译文：We ate to our hearts content at the new restaurant last Friday.
原文中，"上星期五"放在句首，并且在"那家新餐馆"之前，而译文中却将时间状语和地点状语的位置颠倒了过来。

这样一来，既准确地表达了原文意思，又符合了英文语序习惯。

所以我们可以得出结论：英语里如果句子既有地点状语又有时间状语，一般地点状语在前，时间状语在后。

汉语里则往往把它们置于句首或谓语前，而且通常时间状语在地点状语之前。

Exercise Five
1._______________ (他们没有去游泳)，they went to play football that day.
2.There is no doubt that _____________ (需求的增长导致了价格的上涨).
3.He cannot win a good reputation，______________ (因为他多嘴多舌).
4.We have reasons to believe that, ______________ (一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们).
5.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society，______________
(但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人)can make use of them to achieve purpose.
1. Instead of going swimming
解析：原文中"没有"并不一定要对应成didn’t，这里我们可以使用instead of，使译文简洁明了，合乎英语习惯。

采用正译法，用英语不带否定词的表达来代替中文的"没有去"。

从本题及Exercise Two中的第二题我们可以得出结论：汉译英时，可以灵活变换句型，充分利用英语的否定或半否定语气的词语或结构，以便使译句符合英语习惯。

从另一角度看，后半句英语没有出现表示转折含义的连接词(如but)，因此They didn’t go swimming也是不成立的，不符合句法规范。

2. the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices
解析：考生要注意分清result from 和result t in的区别。

result from指be caused by(由......产生)，是指原因;result in指cause，lead to(导致......)，是指结果。

本题还有一个考点就是：做翻译时，应尽量照顾并行结构的前后一致，如：the increase in demand and the rise in prices。

3. because he has a loose tongue
解析："多嘴多舌"显然有gossip的意思。

因此我们在翻译时应先挖掘其深层含义，再用适当的英文表达出来。

答案because he has a loose tongue看起来与原文并不对应，但却形象地讲内涵表达了出来。

其他类似的翻译还有：a bitter tongue(刻薄嘴);a long tongue(快嘴);a rough tongue(粗鲁话);a sharp tongue(言语尖刻);a silver tongue(流利的口才);a smooth tongue(油嘴滑舌)。

4. we would have a better and brighter future
解析：本题意为：我们有理由相信，一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们。

句子需填入部分特别容易被译成：a better and brighter future waits for us。

这是因为受到了中文母语的干扰，思维被中文的语序牵着跑。

如果这样译的话就会导致前后半句的主语发生转换，前面是we，后面是the future。

这种转换在英文里就会显得非常突兀，不符合英文表达习惯。

因此我们可以在汉译英稍作变通，将前后主语统一为"we"。

本题还有一点考生要留意的是，是否能分清wait和await的使用区别。

两者都表示"等待"，wait是不及物动词，必须后接介词for;await是及物动词，可以后接人。

5. but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly
解析：本句考生特别容易译成：the prepared and the qualified。

定冠词the加上形容词可以表示某一类人。

the prepared and the qualified就指代"作了准备的人"和"有资格的人"，但遗漏了原文中的"充分"和"高度"。

由于原句的修饰部分内容很多，因此不适宜用"the +形容词"的结构来指代某一类人。

对于这种情况我们可以采用"某一类人+后置定语"的方法。

这样答案就是but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly。

全句的意思是：在我们的社会里，人人都有许多机遇，但是只有那些作好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。