2020年河北省衡水市冀州中学分校高一英语期末试题含解析

2020年河北省衡水市冀州中学分校高一英语期末试题
含解析
一、选择题
1. Maria is absent. That’s ______ she was hurt while dancing last night.
A. because
B. whether
C. why
D. when
参考答案：
A
2. Since I came back from my holiday，there has been________ office work to do.
A．a large number of B．a great deal of
C．a great many D．a large amount
参考答案：
B
考查短语辨析。

a large number of和a great many都修饰可数名词复数；a great deal of修饰不可数名词；a large amount后需跟介词of再修饰不可数名词；题干中office work为不可数名词，故需用a great deal of。

3. Although he explained again and again, he could not make himself ______ by all of us．
A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．be understood
参考答案：
C
4. Today is the best day of my life! Al my years of training as an engineer has finally .
A. took over
B. picked up
C. paid off
D. paid for
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。

A. took over接管；B. picked up捡起；C. paid off见成效；D.
paid for为……付出代价。

句意：今天是我人生中最美好的一天，我多年的工程师培训终于有了成效。

根据句意可知此处表示“见成效”，故C项正确。

5. --- Did you lose ____ heart when you failed?
--- No, as ___ matter of fact, I regarded it as a chance to force me to make progress. A.the; the B. the; a C. \; the D. \; a
参考答案：
D
略
6. --- Did the student break the window __________?
--- No, he did it when he played football with his classmates. He was too careless.
A. at the same time
B. on purpose
C. face to face
D. no wonder
参考答案：
B
7. The water ________ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercises.
A．was felt B．is felt
C．felt D．feels
参考答案：
C
[由语境可知应用一般过去时；感官动词feel在此为主动形式表示被动意义。

]
8. We don’t doubt _____ he will succeed in the research work.
A. that
B. whether
C. how
D. what
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查名词性从句。

句意：我们不怀疑他会在研究工作中取得成功。

动词doubt在否定句或疑问句中通常接that引导的从句。

故选A。

【点睛】动词doubt后接宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。

9. —I’m afraid I’ve broken the chair. —__________, I can easily get it fixed.
A. Excuse me
B. Never mind
C. Go ahead
D. You’re welcome.
参考答案：
B
考查情景对话。

句意：--恐怕我把椅子弄坏了。

-----没关系。

我能很轻松的把它安装好。

Excuse me对不起，恕，打扰了；Never mind（这里当别人向你致歉时）“没关系”，“不要紧”，“不费事”；Go ahead前进，说吧，作吧，开始吧；You’re welcome. （用于礼貌地回答别人的感谢）别客气，不用谢。

根据语境可知选B。

【名师点睛】
never mind意为“没关系”、“不要紧”、“不费事”，习惯上用于以下几种场合：
当别人向你致歉时。

例如：——I'm sorry to have brought you so much trouble. ——Never mind.
请别人放心或安慰别人时。

例如：——Doctor Bethune, please go before the enemy comes．
——Never mind, my boy, it won’t take long.
当别人要帮助或为你做某事时。

例如：——Let me carry the bag for you. 让我给你拿包吧！
——Never mind.不用费事了。

10. The captain ______ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by the bad weather.
A. made
B. said
C. put
D. passed
参考答案：
A
11. He is so shy a man that he isn’t good at _____ his ideas _____ to others.
A. taking...over
B. passing...on
C. getting... across
D. putting...forward
参考答案：
C
考查动词短语辨析。

句意：他很害羞，不擅长向别人表达自己的思想。

get…across to sb意为“被理解，把……讲清楚”。

12. As a young man, there was __________ time __________ I hated to go to school .
A. a; that
B. a; when
C. the; that
D. the; when
参考答案：
B
13. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which
B. when
C. so that
D. as if
参考答案：
C
14. The company where I work as a salesman often puts advertisements in the local newspapers to ________ its new products.
A. promote
B. improve
C. produce
D. transport
参考答案：
A
句意：我当销售员所在的公司经常在当地报纸上登广告促销其新产品。

可知，应用promote，而非improve“改善；提高”；produce“生产；制造”；transport“运输”。

15. __________I don’t like the film, the leading actor’s performance gave me a deep impression.
A. When
B. Since
C. If
D. While
参考答案：
D
16. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ______ are family members.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. whom
参考答案：
D
考查定语从句。

先行词为40 people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。

介词之后不能用that，应予以
排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。

二、新的题型
17. Haw to Be a Great Best Friend
Everyone wants to be a great best friend but doesn’t know how or where to start that perfect friendship. The following will help you.
Be your own best friend first. ___36___ If you can’t respect yourself, then you can’t respect others. Understand what values are important to you and stick to them. Seek out others who honor those values because you’ll only end up hurting yourself and possibly others if those people don’t have the same values as you.
Trust each Other. ___37___ All you have to do really is make sure you can both trust each other. Don’t try to t rick or use your friend to your advantage; you need to make them know they can trust you.
Learn to listen. Nobody likes a best friend who just talks and talks, but never listens. If you’re a chatterbox, try to develop good listening skills. Whenever your b est friend says something, listen carefully and say something. ___38___ If they ask for advice, listen carefully arid give them the best advice you can.
Care for your best friend. If your best friend is upset, ask them what’s wrong. They might not tell you straight away, but they should in the end. ___39___ Understand dial certain things are private, and trust that they’d be just as patient with you if you were in their shoes.
Let your friend have other friends, too. If your best friend picks another friend over you, try to be friend over you, try to be friend too. ___40___ Everyone is always looking for new friends. But never leave the old one; your loyalty (忠诚) is what the other person expects and counts on every day.
A. Learn how to respect yourself.
B. Maybe you guys can be a group of friends!
C. Don’t interrupt while they’re talking to you.
D. Best friends are the most valuable friends you have.
E. If they don’t tell you, don’t get angry at them.
F. To be a great best friend really doesn’t take much.
G. Take time out of your day to appreciate the funny things in life.
参考答案：
36. A 37. F
38. C 39. E
40. B
说明文。

关于如何做好朋友的忠告。

【36题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

下文说如果不尊重自己，可知与A项中尊重自己吻合。

【37题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据上下文好朋友只要互相信任就够了，可知不需要花费多少心思，不要利用朋友。

选F。

【38题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上下文说朋友交谈时多听，可知要少说，更不要打断。

选C.
【39题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上文说朋友当时不说，最后会说，可推此刻要耐心，换位思考。

选E.
【40题详解】
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

前文说要和朋友的朋友成为朋友，大家都是朋友。

与B吻合。

点睛：七选五题型解题技巧
搞清题材。

常考说明文和议论文。

选项特点。

主旨概括句—文章整体。

过渡句—承上启下。

细节句—代词，数字和逻辑关系（因果，转折，让步，递进）
解法：空格在段首，通读全段，抓住大意，然后匹配大意句选项；空格在段尾，通常是概括总结；在段中，看前后句，回扣选项，一般是细节性句子。

点睛：语法填空解题技巧
18. Place cool wet cloths on the burnt area over and over (again).
= Place cool wet cloths on the burnt area _______ _______ ______.
参考答案：
again and again/ time and again
三、阅读理解
19. I was with a group of businessmen, and we were dealing with a question--what is a good person?
At a certain point during the discussion, one of the students--a young man of about 30--described an event that happened at Christmas. He and his five-year-old son were decorating the Christmas tree, and a little boy came to the front door begging. If you ever visit Mexico, you will see that the people there take begging as nothing to get upset about and nothing to get embarrassed by.
So, this little boy came to the door, a b oy about the same age as my student’s son. The father and the son went to the front door, and the father went back with his five-year-old son and said to him, "Give him one of your toys. " At the words, the little boy quickly picked up one toy, and his father said to him. "No, no--give him your favourite toy."
And the little boy, like a little tiger, said. “No way!" He cried; he refused. But the father, like a big tiger in a way insisted gently, "No, you must give him one of your favourite toys.”
And finally the boy, with his head down, picked up a toy he had just gotten. The father waited in the living room, and the boy walked to the front door with the toy in his hand. The father waited and waited
What do you think happened?
After a couple of minutes, his son came running back into the living room, his face radiant(喜悦的).“ Daddy,”he said ,"can I do that again?” I think I have got the answer to the question
21. From the passage, we can learn that in Mexico ____________.
A. begging is looked down upon
B. few people are living a poor life
C. visitors all over the world treat beggars kindly
D. begging is considered as a normal part of life
22. The sentence “can I do that again? "showed that the boy___________.
A. began to like the little beggar
B. wanted to please his father
C. got pleasure by helping the little beggar
D. wanted to be the little beggar's friend
23. According to the writer, being a good person means____________.
A. being ready to give
B. being friendly to beggars
C. having the courage to correct his/her mistakes
D. being able to teach children to tell right from wrong
参考答案：
21. D 22. C 23. A
试题分析：作者通过叙述一位父亲逼着自己的儿子把自己最喜爱的玩具送给乞丐的故事，来回答：What is a good person?也就是告诉我们做一个好人就是要“乐于帮助他人”。

21. B 推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句If you ever visit Mexico, you will see that the people there take begging as nothing to get upset about and nothing to get embarrassed by.说明在墨西哥，乞讨是一件很正常的事情，没有人会为之感到尴尬。

故B正确。

22. A 推理判断题。

根据第四段第一句And the little boy, like a little tiger, said, “No way!” He cried; he refused.说明起初的时候，小男孩并不愿意给对方自己最喜欢的玩具，后来在爸爸的逼迫下才给了对方。

根据倒数第二段After a couple of minutes, his son came running back into the living room, his face lighted up. “Daddy,” he said, “can I do that again?”可知小男孩回来的时候非常开心，还想再给对方一个玩具。

说明他从自己帮助他人的行为中得到了快乐。

故A正确。

23. C 推理判断题。

作者通过叙述一位父亲逼着自己的儿子把自己最喜爱的玩具送给乞丐的故事，来回答：What is a good person?也就是告诉我们做一个好人就是要“乐于帮助他人”，我们自己也会从帮助他人的行动中得到快乐。

故C正确。

20. It is a question people have been asking for ages—is there a way to turn back the aging process?
For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of yo uth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not become old. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American State of Florida.
Researchers in New York did not find a fountain of youth in fact, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (丘脑下部).The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body, including growth, reproduction and the way we
process (处理) food.
Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus stem cells (干细胞) also influence how fast aging takes place in the body. What are stem cells? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged parts in the body.
Professor Dongsheng Cai was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. Cai explains in the Journal Nature what they found. “Aging speed can be controlled by a particular place in the body, which is the hypothalamus. And it can be controlled by a particular type of cells, which are hypothalamus stem cells. I think these findings are quite interesting.”
He adds that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. “So when hypothalamus function is decreasing, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, this protection ag ainst the aging development is lost. It finally leads to aging.”
Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) the hypothalamus in mice. They did this by putting stem cells from younger mice into middle-aged animals. Later, the researchers examined mice and tested for changes in behavior. They also looked for changes in the strength of the animals’ muscles and the way they worked. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals.
Cai says when hypothalamus stem cells, which were derived from young mice was put into middle-aged mice, the mice aged slowly and they also have increased the length of their lives.
But these results were just from studying mice in a lab. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in human beings.
61. Juan Ponce de León’s story was mentioned in order to show ________.
A. the efforts he made to discover Florida
B. the fruitless work to find the magical fountain
C. the non-stop search for the way to stay young
D. the impossible existence of “fountain of youth”
62.The hypothalamus has control over activities EXCEPT________.
A. growth
B. reproduction
C. aging process
D. food production
63. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Stem cells are specialized cells which can repair damaged parts.
B. Aging is the result of function loss of hypothalamus stem cells.
C. The strength of the animals’ muscles slows the process of aging.
D. Aging speed is controlled by stem cells instead of hypothalamus.
64. The underlined words “were derived from” probably means “________”.
A. came from
B. changed from
C. resulted from
D. developed from
参考答案：
61-64 CDBA。